{
    "8CE8mpeC": {
        "id": "8CE8mpeC",
        "title": "Process optimization of electroless Ni-P plating on magnesium alloy",
        "abstract": "The process of chemical plating Ni-P on AZ31 magnesium alloy was optimized by the orthogonal experiment,variance analysis,properties examination and microstructure analysis.The results show that the PH value of plating solution,chemical plating time and temperature are the primary factors which have influence on the quality of plating layer.Moreover,the influence degree of the three factors decreases as the above-mentioned order.The good plating coating is obtained when the ph value,plating temperature and time are 5.5,35℃ and 28 min,respectively.The optimal engineering average is 85,and the corresponding confidence interval of variation range is(78.8,91.2).",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "electroless plating Ni-P",
            "variance analysis",
            "orthogonal experimental"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Qiang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Heng-liang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Light Metals",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "cFtStBA6": {
        "id": "cFtStBA6",
        "title": "Effect of He-to-Ar ratio on weldability of TIG of AZ31 magnesium alloy",
        "abstract": "The influence of He-to-Ar ratio in AC-TIG on the AZ31 welding properties was studied.The arc characters,weld penetration,joint forming were measured and analyzed.The results show that arc shape shrinks and weld penetration increases as the He ratio increases in the mixture gas.When the mixed ratio of helium to argon equals to 1∶1,the visual appearance and operability of welding are superior to those obtained in other cases.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "welding",
            "He-Ar mixed gas",
            "TIG"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "KUANG Ying-huan",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China;National KeyLaboratory for Advanced Welding Production Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Light Alloy Fabrication Technology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "r4BIn61Y": {
        "id": "r4BIn61Y",
        "title": "Effect of pretreatment on electroless Ni-P plating quality of magnesium alloy",
        "abstract": "The effects of pretreatment including surface conditioning and activation and zinc dipping on the electroless Ni-P plating quality of AZ31 magnesium alloy were investigated by microstructure analysis and property test. The surface conditioning could improve the bond strength between electroless Ni-P plating and magnesium matrix, resulted from the projection of grain boundaries and the decrease of surface roughness of magnesium matrix. The electroless Ni-P plating of AZ31 magnesium alloy was promoted owing to the formation of crystal nucleus of elemental zinc through zinc dipping for Ni-P coating. The Ni-P coating was even, dense and had good bond strength when the pretreatment including surface conditioning, activation, zinc dipping, deplating and twi-zinc dipping was adopted before electroless Ni-P plainting. The corrosion resistance and micro hardness of AZ31 magnesium alloy were improved by electroless Ni-P plating.",
        "keywords": [
            "Electroless Ni-P plating",
            "Magnesium alloy",
            "Pretreatment",
            "Zinc dipping."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Shu Hao",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XiaoJian Lü",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Corrosion and Protection",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "K9Vn1Zpw": {
        "id": "K9Vn1Zpw",
        "title": "Microstructure analysis on welded joint of magnesium alloy by He-Ar mixed gas tungsten welding",
        "abstract": "The He-Ar mixed gas TIG welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy plate by was carried out.The surface of observed joint is smooth free from heap high and appearance defects.The microstructure in heat-affected area is coarser than that in matrix area.However,the microstructure in welded seam zone consists of fine equiaxed grains.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "welding",
            "He-Ar mixed gas",
            "microstructure",
            "TIG"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xiao-fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Kuang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Light Alloy Fabrication Technology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "b7VMuHtY": {
        "id": "b7VMuHtY",
        "title": "Effect of Filler on Appearance and Microstructure of Weld in TIG Welding SiC_p Reinforced Al Matrix Composite",
        "abstract": "The weldability of SiC_p/6061Al composite by TIG welding with filler and without filter was investigated.The results show that the inferior appearance of SiC_p/6061Al composite TIG welding without filter is obtained.However,when the filler is used in TIG welding,the fluidity of molten pool is improved,and the interfacial reaction between SiC_p and Al is effectively restrained,so that the satisfied ripple weld of SiC_p/6061Al composite is achieved and joint property was improved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Al matrix composite",
            "appearance of weld",
            "Al-Si wire",
            "SiC_p",
            "TIG welding"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China;Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHOU Guang-tao",
                "org": "Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials for Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "drCynJ7F": {
        "id": "drCynJ7F",
        "title": "Environmentally Acceptable Zinc Electroplating Process for AZ31 Magnesium Alloy",
        "abstract": "TV bath formulation for environmentally acceptable zinc electroplating plating was designed and the process parameters were optimized in connection with double-zinc-dipping pre-treatment.The optimized bath formulation was determined to be composed of 8 g/L zinc white,100 g/L sodium hydroxide,6.0ml/L DEP-Ⅲ,4.0 mL/L WB/Ⅲ,and 4 g/L potassium sodium tartrate,while the optimized electroplating parameters were suggested as cathode current density of 2.5 A/dm2,temperature of 15-75 ℃,and duration of 10-30 min.The coating prepared under the optimized conditions was uniform and compact and had good protection to the substrate.Moreover,the coating was able to greatly improve the corrosion resistance and surface decoration performance of Mg alloy.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "environmentally",
            "zinc electroplating",
            "surface treatment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xiao-fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials Protection",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "DU8w2MSE": {
        "id": "DU8w2MSE",
        "title": "Simulation on TIG Welding of Aluminum Alloy Plate and Residual Stress Predicting",
        "abstract": "The simulation of aluminum alloy plate tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) process using finite element software-ABAQUS was researched.Firstly,the welding temperature field was calculated using elliptical surface Gaussian distributions as the input heat source.The highly non-uniform welding temperature file caused large residual stress and deformation in the welding plate.The welding residual stress of the welded plate was predicted after it cooled down.The results of prediction and actual measured were contrasted finally.Results are verified the applicability of the welding simulation.",
        "keywords": [
            "residual stress",
            "finite element",
            "aluminum alloy",
            "TIG welding"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JIN Cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HE Shi-yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials for Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "ONjzM8va": {
        "id": "ONjzM8va",
        "title": "He-Ar Mixed Gas TIG Welding Process for AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Plates with Orthogonal Experiment Optimum",
        "abstract": "Taking the He-Ar mixed gas as protected atmosphere,TIG welding process parameters for AZ31 magnesium alloy plates was optimized by using the method of the orthogonal experiment and variance analysis.The results show that the current intensity has the greatest influences on the welding quality,then welding rate,the gas-flow rate is the least.When the current intensity,welding rate and gas-flow rate of He-Ar mixed gas are 58 A,15 mm/s and 95 ml/s,respectively,the good quality weld joint is obtained.The optimal engineering average and the confidence interval of variation range are calculated.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "He-Ar mixed gas",
            "TIG",
            "orthogonal experiment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xiao-fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Qing-kui",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Metal Hotworking Technology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "uFanNnR4": {
        "id": "uFanNnR4",
        "title": "Research on Strain-induced Precipitation Behavior in Microalloyed Steel by Stress Relaxation",
        "abstract": "The strain induced precipitation behavior of steel 33Mn2V for oil well tubes in austenite region in the range of 600 -950℃was investigated by the stress relaxation method using Gleeble2000 thermal-mechanical simulator. The results show that the shape of precipitation-temperature-time (PTT) is a \"double C\" curve; the \"nose\" temperatures of the precipitation curve are about 850℃and 650℃, respectively. Two types of precipitates in austenite, cubic and oblong ovate, were observed. The cubic particles are mostly TiN undissoved during reheating, while the oblong ovate precipitates are complex TixV1-x CyN1-y formed by V, C and N epitaxially growing on the substrate of TiN particle.",
        "keywords": [
            "stress relaxation",
            "vanadium",
            "precipitation",
            "carbonitride"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Guo-quan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Qing-kui",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials for Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "aMUHUIot": {
        "id": "aMUHUIot",
        "title": "Constituting technology of hot deformation resistance model for Mg-alloys",
        "abstract": "Material deformation resistance is the basis of hot working whose reasonable model is the key for finite element method numerical simulation.In the paper,the commonly-used method for testing deformation resistances was introduced and the general modeling technology and status were investigated based on the key factors affecting the resistances of magnesium alloys at high temperatures.Other modeling methods,such as softening factor and artificial neural networks(ANNs) were also discussed.Then the characteristics of the methods were compared.Reasonable model of deformation resistances of new magnesium alloys provided the guidance for predicting the deformation resistances at elevated temperatures,numerical simulation and forging process.",
        "keywords": [
            "deformation resistances",
            "modeling",
            "magnesium alloys",
            "hot forging formation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WU Li-hong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Li-guo",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Jun",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Forging & Stamping Technology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "IhZLjHE3": {
        "id": "IhZLjHE3",
        "title": "Research on pretreatment process of electrogalvanizing for magnesium alloy",
        "abstract": "The pretreatment process of electrogalvanizing for AZ31 magnesium alloy was investigated by microstructure analysis and properties test.The uniform and dense zinc coat on AZ31 magnesium alloy is obtained when the pretreatment including activation,zinc dipping,deplating,twi-zinc dipping was adopted before electrogalvanizing.The subsequent electrogalvanizing for the alloy is promoted after the pretreatment,because the elemental zinc deposited during the pretreatment on the surface of the alloy can act as crystal nucleus for zinc plating.The zinc coat with even,dense and good bond strength can effectively improves the corrosion resisting and micro hardness of the AZ31 magnesium alloy.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "pretreatment",
            "electrogalvanizing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Yu-lei",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SUN Xue-zhu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Light Alloy Fabrication Technology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "bl1RxVXZ": {
        "id": "bl1RxVXZ",
        "title": "Texture of 3104 hot tandem rolling aluminum band",
        "abstract": "The texture of various layers and whole texture in 3104 hot tandem rolling band were measured by X-ray reflection and transmission method respectively.The results show that texture inhomogeneity in hot band is slight which is induced by aluminum hot tandem rolling technique.The texture of only one layer in hot band tested by X-ray reflection method could represent approximately whole texture of the hot band.",
        "keywords": [
            "aluminum sheet",
            "texture",
            "X-ray diffraction",
            "hot rolling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "MA Quan-cang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MIN Rui",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MAO Wei-min",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Science and Technology,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Tao",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Science and Technology,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Light Metals",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "G5YyeY5N": {
        "id": "G5YyeY5N",
        "title": "Optimization of GTAW Process for AZ31+1% Ce+1% Sb Alloy",
        "abstract": "On the conditions of helium-argon mixture gas used as protective atmosphere and applying longitudinal AC/DC magnetic field,the GTAW parameters of AZ31+Ce+Sb plate were optimized by orthogonal test.The results indicate that welding current is the greatest influence factor on welding quality followed by welding speed and voltage of external AC magnetic field.The optimum process parameters are welding current 75 A,welding speed 15 cm/min,voltage of external AC magnetic field 18 V,nozzle diameter 7 mm,tungsten diameter 2.5 mm,arc length 2.5 ～4 mm,gas composition 50%He+50%Ar,gas-flow rate of helium-argon 150 mL/s.The welded joint with good formability,average microhardness 69 HV0.1 and tensile strength 220 N/mm2 is obtained under the above condition,which can meet the needs of industrial production.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "GTAW",
            "technology optimization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Qian",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Guanyu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shaokang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hot Working Technology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "7Ucne0X2": {
        "id": "7Ucne0X2",
        "title": "He-Ar mixed gas tungsten arc of welded magnesium alloy AZ31 plates",
        "abstract": "The weldability of AZ31 magnesium plate by He-Ar mixed gas TIG welding was investigated.The welding process parameters for AZ31 plate with a 3 mm thickness were optimized.The experimental results have been shown that the cathode has evidently function of surface clearing,the oxidation film is easily to be broken and the fused pool mixes well when He-Ar mixed gas protective atmosphere was used in TIG welding.A satisfied weld appearance was obtained under the optimized process parameters.The surface of observed joint is smooth free from heap high and appearance defects.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "welding",
            "He-Ar mixed gas",
            "TIG"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Qing-kui",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MA Zhe",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Light Alloy Fabrication Technology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "6AcaQltK": {
        "id": "6AcaQltK",
        "title": "Effect of Welding Fluxes on the Technologic Property of Depositing Wear-resisting Layer Crl3Ni2B with High Frequency Induction Heating",
        "abstract": "High frequency induction heat has been used to obtain a wear-resisting layer Crl3Ni2B on the surface of mild steel. Effect of welding fluxes on technologic property such as the combination ability of the layer with the base metal, surface quality, detachability, were studied. The results show that the amount of boric anhydride produce a comparatively marked effect on the technologic property of the wear-resisting layer Cr13Ni2B, and then welding flux 431, and fluoride little. Adding the right amount of fluxes can remove the oxide of powder material surface, and depress the melting point of the powder efficiently, and the slag on it can easily brush off, and finally get a wear-resisting layer whose surface is fine with expectant thickness which can get to 2. 5 mm. The right amount of fluxes can spur the layer firmly metallurgical joint the underside steel. Adding 3wt% boric anhydride and 8wt% -12wt% welding flux 431 and lwt% fluorite or cryolite into the alloy powder Cr13Ni2B, the effect of high frequency induction heating deposit is the best",
        "keywords": [
            "wear-resisting layer",
            "technologic property",
            "welding flux",
            "high frequency induction heating deposit"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "TANG Wen-bo",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SUN Yu-fu",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials for Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "RMY6TCvp": {
        "id": "RMY6TCvp",
        "title": "Comparison and Analysis on Railway Subgrade Design Between China and Venezuela",
        "abstract": "This paper analyses different natural and social environment,compares different subgrade design concepts and principals and presents the similarity and diversity of subgrade design between China and Venezuela. In general,the classification of filling materials standards is very different,and other aspects have their own characteristics,such as the drainage is more systematic in Venezuela,whereas in China the technologies of ground treatments and slope protections are more mature.",
        "keywords": [
            "railway",
            "subgrade design",
            "Venezuela",
            "comparison and analysis",
            "China"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co. ,Ltd,Chengdu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Hou-qiang",
                "org": " China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co. ,Ltd,Chengdu ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "High Speed Railway Technology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "7nZpHadF": {
        "id": "7nZpHadF",
        "title": "Effect of microalloy element on the grain coarsening behavior of Q345 steel",
        "abstract": "Austenite grain growth behavior of microalloy steels with addition of V, Nb or Al separately or two or three of the alloys together is studied in this article. The grain coarsening temperature from the grain size-temperature curves for different microalloy steels is defined according to ASTM grain size grade G = 6.0. The results show that the grain coarsening temperature of Q345 steel alloyed with VN12 is about 40°C higher than that of the Q345 steel treated by Fe-V. Compared to the treatment with Fe-Nb, the combined addition of Nb and V in the same Q345 steel has little influence on the grain coarsening temperature of the steel. Addition of trace Nb in the trace Al alloy Q345 steel does not show significant effect on the grain coarsening temperature. The resistance to austenite grain growth is: Nb>Al>V.",
        "keywords": [
            "Austenite grain coarsening temperature",
            "Average grain size",
            "Microalloy Steel",
            "Q345"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zhi-Yi",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology Beijing(University of Science and Technology Beijing),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XUE Run-Dong",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology Beijing(University of Science and Technology Beijing),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing E. Li",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology Beijing(University of Science and Technology Beijing),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "FAN Jin-hui",
                "org": "Hebei University of Science and Technology(Hebei University of Science and Technology),Shijiazhuang,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhuzao Jishu/Foundry Technology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "FNVsyMJx": {
        "id": "FNVsyMJx",
        "title": "Influence of adding rare earth and vanadium ions on plating Ni-P alloying layer surface properties of magnesium alloy",
        "abstract": "Influence of adding rare earth and vanadium ions on the plating Ni-P alloying layer of magnesium alloy was investigated,using microstructure analysis and performance test methods.The results indicated that adding soluble vanadic salts could form Ni-P-V alloy,a small amount of RE elements could change structure defects in Ni-P alloying layer and enhance layer's continuity,the average microhardness was improved to about 490HV0.1.The rare earth adsorbed on the surface of base metal could provide more active particles and more crystal nucleus,accelerating the process of chemical plating,reducing the plating temperature from 90℃ to 25℃,shortening the plating time from 60min to 25min.The rare earth segregated and precipitated on the interface of Ni-P-V alloying layer and magnesium alloy matrix,which could reduce the diffusion rate and improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "rare earth",
            "vanadium",
            "chemical plating Ni-P"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Qian",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GAO Jun-heng",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Light Metals",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "L1Qp779w": {
        "id": "L1Qp779w",
        "title": "Research on TIG welding of He-Ar mixed gas for SiCp/6061 Al composite",
        "abstract": "Taking the He-Ar mixed gas as protected atmosphere,the TIG welding with filter wire for SiCp/6061 Al composites were investigasted in this paper.When the current,gas-flow rate and welding speed of He-Ar mixed gas are 60 A,115 mL/s and 3.2 mm/s,respectively,the good quality weld joint is obtained.The microstructure examined have shown that the microstructures in welded seam zone consist of finer exquiaxed grains,while the microstructure in heat-affected area is coarser than that in matrix zone.The tensile strength of the welded joint is about 70% of the matrix.The breaking point lies in the heat-affected zone and the mixed fracture of toughness and brittleness was observed.",
        "keywords": [
            "He-Ar mixed gas",
            "Al matrix composite",
            "SiCp reinforcement",
            "TIG welding"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QIAO Xiao-yan",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electric Welding Machine",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "YGfblsxb": {
        "id": "YGfblsxb",
        "title": "Comparative Study on Crumb Rubber Asphalt Concrete and SBS Asphalt Concrete",
        "abstract": "In order to compare performances differences between crumb rubber asphalt concrete and SBS asphalt concrete,such indoor tests as wheel rutting,girder bending,splitting,freezing-thawing splitting and Mar-shall immersion test are carried on for comparing their high-temperature performance,low-temperature performance,fatigue performance and water-stable performance.The results of indoor tests and practical testing roads indicate that crumb rubber asphalt concrete has better high-temperature performance,low-temperature perfo-rmance,fatigue resistance and water-stable performance,which is suitable for highway pavement and can be widely popularized.",
        "keywords": [
            "comparative study",
            "modified asphalt mixture",
            "SBS",
            "crumb rubber"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Jun",
                "org": "Jiangxi Provincial Expressway Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "China Railway 2nd Institute Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Transportation Standardization",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "dbVzxEJg": {
        "id": "dbVzxEJg",
        "title": "Effects of controlled cooling temperature on microstructure of medium-carbon microalloyed steel for non-quenched/tempered oil-well tubes",
        "abstract": "The influence of controlled cooling temperature(T_A) on the austenite grain size after reheating and the phase transformation behavior of steel 33Mn2V designed for non-quenched/tempered hot rolling N80 oil-well tubes was investigated by thermal simulation tests on a Gleblee 1500 simulator.The results indicate that the austenite grain after reheating is not refined when the T_A is higher than Ar_3,however,the austenite grain is obviously refined when T_A is lower than Ar_1.The room temperature microstructure of the final product consists of finer ferrite and pearlite when the T_A was 600 ℃(≥Ar_3) and the cooling rate was 0.3 ℃/s.However,the microstructure is mainly composed of ferrite and pearlite when the T_A was 300℃(≤Ar_1),but the homogeneity of the constitution is inferior to that of the former.",
        "keywords": [
            "Controlled cooling temperature",
            "Non-quenched/tempered steel",
            "Thermal simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University(Zhengzhou University),Zhengzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Guo-quan",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology Beijing(University of Science and Technology Beijing),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUANG Jian-kai",
                "org": "Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company, Ltd.(Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company, Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Co. Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Co., Ltd.),Wuxi,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Yong-gang",
                "org": "Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company, Ltd.(Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company, Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Co. Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Co., Ltd.),Wuxi,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MA Zong-kuang",
                "org": "Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company, Ltd.(Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company, Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Company Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Co. Ltd.,Wuxi Seamless Steel Tube Co., Ltd.),Wuxi,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cailiao Rechuli Xuebao/Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ygqIwW3Z": {
        "id": "ygqIwW3Z",
        "title": "Microstructure and Fracture Behaviors of Welded Joint of Particle Reinforced SiCp/6061Al Composites",
        "abstract": "6061Al composites reinforced with SiC particles as experimental material is welded successfully by adding 4047 Al/Si welding wire with method of TIG.The changes of microstructure in heat affected zone are analyzed with optical microscope.The mechanical properties of welded joint is studied by tensile test and the morphology of tensile fracture,microstructure as well ingredient of welded joint are observed by SEM.The results of study show that welding technology for composites is harsher and the mechanical properties of welded joint are worse than those of matrix metal.The weld zone is the weakest part in welded joint.The non-uniform distribution of reinforcing phases SiC particles in welded joint are the main factors to lower joint strength.The fracture morphology of welded joint indicated a brittle cleavage fracture.",
        "keywords": [
            "mechanical property",
            "microstructure",
            "fracture behavior",
            "welded joint",
            "composites"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China;National Key Laboratory for Advanced Welding Production Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Le-jun",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Failure Analysis and Prevention",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "sDLG08QY": {
        "id": "sDLG08QY",
        "title": "Effect of Antimony and Rare Earth on Hot Deformation Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy",
        "abstract": "The effect of antimony and rare earth on the flow stress and dynngzhou antic recrystallization of AZ31 magnesium alloy at different temperature(260-420℃)was investigated by hot compression testing on a Gleeble-1500D thermal simulator.The results have indicated that the resistance of deformation is decreased by the elevation of deformation temperature;at the same temperature,the additions of 1% RE and 1% Sb to the AZ31 magnesium could effectively improve the resistance obviously and accelerate the dynamical recrystalization.",
        "keywords": [
            "rare earth",
            "antimony",
            "AZ31 magnesium alloy",
            "flow stress",
            "dynamic recrystallization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "MA Qing-bo",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Qing-kui",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Jun",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Shuang-xi",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials for Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "0d7WKdGu": {
        "id": "0d7WKdGu",
        "title": "Study on Austenite Grain Growth Dehavior of Microalloyed Steel",
        "abstract": "The austenite grain growth behaviors of four different microalloyed steel at 1200℃ were studied . The results show that 20MnTi, 35MnVNb and 33Mn2VTi steels have similar anti-coarsening ability at the same temperature. The average size of austenite grain accords with the type of complex power function when n<1 with isothermal time prolonging.However, the 33Mn2VNbTi steel with adding V,Ti,Nb,N has not obviously anti-coarsening ability at 1200℃ due to the austenite grain rapidly growing with time prolonging.",
        "keywords": [
            "austenite grain growth",
            "anti-coarsening ability",
            "microalloyed steel"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Guo-quan",
                "org": " School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Science and Technology, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hot Working Technology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "kHDHozis": {
        "id": "kHDHozis",
        "title": "Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of He-Ar Mixed Gas TIG Welded Joint for AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Plates",
        "abstract": "Taking the He-Ar mixed gas as protected atmosphere,TIG welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy plate was carried out.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joint were examined.The results show that the microstructure in welded seam zone consists of finer exquiaxed grains,and the microstructure in heat-affected zone is coarser.The microhardness in heat-affected zone is obviously lower than that in the matrix,and the microhardness in welded seam zone is almost the same as that in the matrix.The tensile strength of the welded joint is about 68.6% of the matrix.The fracture point occurs in the heat-affected zone,which belongs to the mixed fracture of toughness and brittleness.",
        "keywords": [
            "magnesium alloy",
            "welding",
            "He-Ar mixed gas",
            "TIG",
            "mechanical properties"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xi-he",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xiao-fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Qing-kui",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Metal Hotworking Technology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "pgpXeK8n": {
        "id": "pgpXeK8n",
        "title": "Theoretical Calculation of Carbonitrides in Medium-carbon V-Ti-N Microalloyed Steel",
        "abstract": "The equilibrium solubility of TiN and V(CxN1-x),and the compositional coefficient of V(CxN1-x) in austenite of steel 35Mn2V for oil well tubes were calculated.The effects of C,V and N contents fluctuating on austenite composition were also investigated.The kinds and precipitation sequence of the different carbonitrides in the manufacture process of N80 grade hot-rolling 35Mn2V seamless tubes were analyzed based on the hypothesis,of which TiN and V(CxN1-x) show mutual solubility due to the similarity of their crystal structure.The results have shown that the initial precipitated temperature of V(CxN1-x) is about 955 ℃.The amount of V(CxN1-x) increases noticeably in range of 900-750 ℃.The x in V(CxN1-x) is more than 0.5 when the temperature lower than 900 ℃.The fluctuating of carbon,nitrogen and vanadium has visible effect on the precipitation of vanadium.",
        "keywords": [
            "precipitation",
            "carbonitride",
            "thermodynamics",
            "microalloyed steel"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Sheng-xin",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China;University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Guo-quan",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GUAN Shao-kang",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Qing-kui",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Ji-tai",
                "org": "Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials for Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "OwgjYfta": {
        "id": "OwgjYfta",
        "title": "Volar declining T-shaped plate internal fixation combined with Kirschner-wire technique for distal radial fracture",
        "abstract": "Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of volar declining T-shaped plate internal fixation combined with Kirschner-wire technique in the treatment of distal fracture of radius.Methods This study included 41 patients with distal radial fracture,23 males and 18 females,aged 40-63(mean 51) years,treated by volar declining T-shaped plate internal fixation combined with Kirschner-wire technique.The effects were evaluated by the remodified Steward-Sarmiento scoring and Fernandez grading systems for the wrist function.Results All the patients were followed up for an average of 12 months.The postoperative and follow-up imaging parameters were significantly different from the preoperative ones(P<0.05),and the patients were satisfied with their wrist function after surgery.Conclusion Volar declining T-shaped plate internal fixation combined with Kirschner-wire technique is safe and effective for the treatment of distal radial fracture,which can achieve anatomical reattachment and protect the wrist function of the patient.",
        "keywords": [
            "Distal fracture of radius",
            "Declining T-shaped plate",
            "Kirschner-wire"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Meng",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHANG Hou-lai",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "7tsw9XKp": {
        "id": "7tsw9XKp",
        "title": "Surgical treatment of Essex-Lopresti injury with ipsilateral fracture of the forearm",
        "abstract": "Objective Essex-Lopresti injury,which involves disruption of the distal radioulnar joint rupture of the interosseous membrane and fracture of the radius head,is particularly difficult to be diagnosed and treated.This study aims to explore the effects of surgical methods for the treatment of Essex-Lopresti injury with ipsilateral fracture of the forearm,a problem rarely seen clinically.Methods Twenty patients with Essex-Lopresti injury with ipsilateral fracture of the forearm underwent anatomic reduction fracture of the forearm,reconstruction of the length of the radius,and reduction and stabilization of the distal radio-ulnar joint.All were followed up for 12-24 months,averaging 18 months.Results According to the Morrey and Broberg scoring system,the mean elbow joint score was 74(60-95) points,with an excellence rate of 65%;based on the Mcbride scoring system,the mean wrist joint score was 88.5(75-98) points,with an excellence rate of 83%.Conclusion For Essex-Lopresti injury with ipsilateral fracture of the forearm,initial anatomical reduction of the ulna fracture conduces to reconstruction or restoration of the radial length,and radial head fracture and interosseous membrane lesion are usually mild.",
        "keywords": [
            "Operative treatment",
            "Ipsilateral fracture of the forearm",
            "Essex-Lopresti injury"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "SUN Guo-jing",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "REN Ke",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Wei-ju",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "zNWLMhB1": {
        "id": "zNWLMhB1",
        "title": "Depuy ditck quick anchor with Krackow repair for acute Achilles tendon rupture",
        "abstract": "Objective Acute Achilles tendon rupture is a common tendon injury.This study was to investigate the clinical effect of depuy mitck quick anchor(GⅡ) with Krackow repair in the treatment acute Achilles tendon rupture.Methods Between November 2009 and May 2011,30 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture averaging 3.0 cm from the fracture plane to the check point underwent GⅡ with Krackow repair(group A) and Krackow repair alone(group B),respectively,on a voluntary basis.Postoperative plaster cast immobilization of the crus lasted 6 weeks,followed by functional training.Results The patients were followed up for 12-18(mean 14) months.Within 6 months after surgery,the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) rating score was significantly higher in group A than in B(P<0.05),and so was the patients′ satisfaction at 12 months after operation(P<0.05).Conclusion GⅡ with Krackow repair has sure positive effects in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture,with its advantages of simple operation,reliable tendon repair and ankle function protection.",
        "keywords": [
            "Clinical effect",
            "Depuy mitck quick anchor",
            "Krackow repair",
            "Achilles tendon rupture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Jun-hao",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "7jwoy2Ex": {
        "id": "7jwoy2Ex",
        "title": "Treatment of pandiaphyseal osteomyelitis by using one-stage bone grafting filling medullary cavity after overreaming",
        "abstract": "Objective To explore the therapeutic method for pandiaphyseal osteomyelitis and evaluate its treatment efficacy.Methods A total of 13 cases with pandiaphyseal osteomyelitis(eight femurs and five tibiae) were treated with one-stage bone grafting filling medullary cavity after over-reaming.Results Of all,12 cases(12%) had good results but one failed.Conclusion One-stage bone grafting filling medullary cavity after over-reaming is an appropriate method for pandiaphyseal osteomyelitis and can win high healing rate.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bone transplantation",
            "Intramedullary over-reaming",
            "Osteomyelitis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Bin",
                "org": ".Department of orthopedics,General Hospital,Nanjing Unit of PLA,Nanjing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Meng",
                "org": ".Department of orthopedics,General Hospital,Nanjing Unit of PLA,Nanjing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QIAN Hong-bo",
                "org": ".Department of orthopedics,General Hospital,Nanjing Unit of PLA,Nanjing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Bin",
                "org": ".Department of orthopedics,General Hospital,Nanjing Unit of PLA,Nanjing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ".Department of orthopedics,General Hospital,Nanjing Unit of PLA,Nanjing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": ".Department of orthopedics,General Hospital,Nanjing Unit of PLA,Nanjing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Trauma",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "ymCgOcCC": {
        "id": "ymCgOcCC",
        "title": "Application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing in the treatment of degloving injury of the limbs",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND:At present,a common vacuum-sealing drainage(VSD) based on foam or sponge synthetic materials has high incidence of the tube plugging and needs to be replaced repeatedly,thereby influencing drainage as well as the effectiveness of degloving injury of the limbs.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of VSD based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on the treatment of degloving injury of the limbs.METHODS:Thirty patients with degloving injury of the limbs were collected.After the patients underwent re-implantation in-situ combined with anastomosis of arteries to veins or anti-taken skin graft,they were treated with biomaterial wound surface dressing,synthetic materials dressing and common dressing changes according their own idea.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with common dressing changes group,the VSD used in biomaterial wound surface dressing and synthetic materials dressing groups could significantly improve wound cycle,reduce the necrosis rate of replanted skin and relieve patients' local dysfunction postoperatively(P < 0.05).In addition,the clinical effectiveness of biomaterial wound surface dressing group was superior to that of synthetic materials dressing group(P < 0.05).These results suggest that the new-type biomaterial wound surface dressing can effectively extract the purulent fluid,reduce wound vein load and improve postoperative symptoms of degloving injury of the limbs.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command Area of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command Area of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command Area of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command Area of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "HDsNyKtq": {
        "id": "HDsNyKtq",
        "title": "Treatment of adjacent osteomyelitis with acute septic knee arthritis",
        "abstract": "Objective:To explore the diagnostic and therapeutic method for adjacent osteomyelitis with acute septic knee arthritis and to evaluate its treatment efficacy.Methods:A total of 52 cases with acute septic knee arthritis from MAR,2000 to AUG,2006 were reviewed,adjacent osteomyelitis was identified in 9 patients by magnetic resonance imaging(MR) and treated with debridement and drainage.Results:Infections in all 9 cases were controlled.Function evaluation: 3 cases were excellent,4 cases good,1 case satisfied,1 case bad.Conclusion:Refractory response to management of septic knee arthritis should raise suspicion of adjacent osteomyelitis and MR may be necessary for confirmation.The surgical debridement procedure should include the involved bone and arthrosis.",
        "keywords": [
            "Arthritis",
            "infection",
            "Osteomyelitis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Bin",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Wei-ju",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHI Ning-wen",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "REN Ke",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "FJP5vUGO": {
        "id": "FJP5vUGO",
        "title": "Application of poly (D, L-lactic acid) absorbable medical film in tendon repair",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: The present studies are focused on how to reduce or eliminate adhesion after tendon repair to fulfill sliding function soon without affecting the healing of tendon. OBJECTIVE: To observe the anti-adhesion effects of poly (D, L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) absorbable medical film on tendon repair. METHODS: Sixty patients with flexor tendon and stretch tendon rupture (95 tendons) in hand selected from Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region were randomly divided into two groups. Anastomosis 1.5-2.0 cm was wrapped by using Hongjian medical membrane in anti-adhesion biomembrance group, while control group did not use biological absorbable medical film. At 6 months after repair, flexor tendon and stretch tendon were detected by using total active movement system and Miller classification respectively for the comparison of comprehensive good rate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The comprehensive good rate in the anti-adhesion biomembrance group (90%, 45/50) was higher than that in the control group (67%, 30/45) during over 6-month follow-up after repair. It is indicated that the clinical application of PDLLA absorbable medical film is easy and convenient to reduce postoperative adhesion effectively after tendon repair, and its clinical effects are confirmed.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liu Jin-long",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "GmGK5HKP": {
        "id": "GmGK5HKP",
        "title": "Unilateral pedicle screw fixation with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease",
        "abstract": "Objective This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcome of unilateral pedicle screw(Ups) fixation and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.Methods Forty-two patients with lumbar degenerative disease were assigned to two groups on a voluntary basis to receive Ups+TLIF(n=24) and bilateral pedicle screw fixation combined with fusion between vertebra(n=18).Pre-and post-operative back pains were compared using the visual analog scale(VAS) system,the clinical outcomes assessed by the Kim method,and the fusion status evaluated by the Schulte method.Results The clinical symptoms of all the patients were improved post-operatively,with no complications.The Ups+TLIF group showed higher VAS and Kim scores than the bilateral fixation group,but no significant differences were observed in the bone graft fusion between the two groups.The patients were followed up for 6 to 18(mean 12.8) months.Conclusion Ups+TLIF,characterized by minimal invasiveness,is a reliable and effective option for the management of lumbar degenerative disease.However,its indications should be well considered.",
        "keywords": [
            "Unilateral pedicle screw fixation",
            "Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion",
            "Lumbar degenerative disease"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Bin",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "gtQwXQmJ": {
        "id": "gtQwXQmJ",
        "title": "Application of clearance flush vacuum-sealing drainage based on wound dressing in chronic wounds",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have found that local wound gory, tissue secretions or bacteria growth can result in tube jam after treatment with vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing, and we cannot get satisfied results in the repair of soft tissues below the blocked tube area. OBJECTIVE: To study the curative effect of clearance flush vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with chronic wounds were divided into three groups which were cured by clearance flush vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial dressing, vacuum-sealing drainage based on synthetic dressing and conventional dressings by their willingness. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The bacteria detection rate of clearance flush vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing group was inferior to the synthetic dressing group and conventional dressing group (P < 0.05). And the healing time was shorter in the former one group (P < 0.05). The score on the visual analogue pain in the clearance flush vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing group was better than that in the conventional dressing group (P < 0.05), but did not significantly differ from that in the synthetic dressing group (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that clearance flush vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing can promote chronic wound healing, reduce the wound infection rate, relieve the pain of patients when treatment, and have no adverse.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomaterial clinical practice",
            "Biomaterials",
            "Chronic wounds",
            "Composite dressing",
            "Gap flushing",
            "Vacuum-sealing drainage",
            "Visual analogue scale",
            "Wound dressing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, Chinar,"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, Chinar,"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, Chinar,"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, Chinar,"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "L9gn2jOz": {
        "id": "L9gn2jOz",
        "title": "Tissue-engineered nerve conduits repair peripheral nerve damage",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Theoretically, nerve conduit technology uses the biological or non-biological materials to prefabricate suitable tubular stent to bridge the nerve ends on both sides. And it can promote the nerve regeneration through neural induction and nutrition under the nerve regeneration microenvironment. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effects of tissue-engineered nerve conduits for repairing peripheral nerve damage. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with old upper extremity nerve damage were selected, and divided into two groups for the treatment according to voluntary principle. The patients in the experimental group were repaired with tissue-engineered nerve conduits, and those in the control group were repaired with autologous surrounding surface sensory nerve transplantation. All the patients were followed-up for 6 months after treatment to observe the repairing functional effect of limb nerve damage.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After followed-up for 6 months, the limb distal sensory motor function and visual analogue scale scores of the limbs in the two groups were improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the experimental group showed better effects (P<0.05); the sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity of the damaged side in the two groups were improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. It indicates that tissue-engineered nerve conduit materials can meet the requirements of nerve repair conduit stent and the clinical application is effective.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomaterials",
            "Clinical efficacy",
            "Material biocompatibility",
            "Motor nerve conduction",
            "Nerve conduit",
            "Nerve damage",
            "Nerve repair"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "tfi7i4pG": {
        "id": "tfi7i4pG",
        "title": "Application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on wound surface dressing biomaterials in large area skin grafting",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND:The key points of large area skin grafting are blocking wound surface,decreasing exudation and avoiding diff-healing wounds.A new wound surface dressing biomaterial can improve the achievement ratio of skin grafting.OBJECTIVE:To study the curative effect of vacuum-sealing drainage(VSD) based on wound surface dressing biomaterials on large area skin grafting.METHODS:Sixty patients with large area skin grafting were divided into three groups by their wishes:wound surface bio-dressing group,synthetic material group and routine pressure dressing group.Dressing group patients were covered by wound surface dressing biomaterials and synthetic materials after debridement and skin graft,and then biological semipermeable membrane was used to construct a vacuum device or routine pressure dressing directly.The coverage of skin grafting was calculated at one week after skin grafting.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The coverage of skin grafting was improved by using VSD.The coverage of skin grafting in the wound surface dressing biomaterial group was higher than that of the synthetic material group(P < 0.05).Compared with the routine pressure dressing group the coverage of skin grafting was significantly increased in the other two groups.New wound surface dressing biomaterials can improve the curative effect of VSD.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shang Hou-lai",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "psYDR8OP": {
        "id": "psYDR8OP",
        "title": "Treatment of limb chronic osteomyelitis with one-stage allograft",
        "abstract": "Objective:In order to avoid disadvantages of two-stage cancellus bone autograft,we investigated the feasibility of one-stage allograft for reconstructing bone defect from debridement of chronic osteomyelitis in limbs. Methods:Between Feb.1999 and Apr.2004,Thirty-five cases of chronic osteomyelitis(8 cases of nonunion) underwent one-stage allograft after debridement in our hospital.Results:Thirty-five cases were followed for an average period of 28 m(range from 13-55 m).Thirty-two cases(91.43%) recovered without infection,while infection was confirmed in 3 cases(8.57%).Four out of 8 cases of bone nonunion healed in 9.5 m on average(3-12 m), and another case of nonunion from infection recurrence 35 d after surgery also attained union after redebridement and autograft of ilium.Renonunion occurred in 3 cases,among which 2 healed after secondary operations adopting autograft.One case of renonunion and 2 cases of infection recurrence accepted no treatment.Conclusion: Infection control could be attained in the majority of patients when one-stage allograft after debridement was used to reconstruct bone defect in chronic osteomyelitis of the extremities.Renonunion,however,happened in a relative high rate,especially in cases with segmental bone defect.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bone transplantation",
            "Allograft",
            "Debridement",
            "Osteomyelitis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LU Wei-ju",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Bin",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BAO Ni-rong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QIAN Hong-bo",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZENG Xiao-feng",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Bin",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "KEKA3EDM": {
        "id": "KEKA3EDM",
        "title": "Clinical application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND:New biomaterial wound surface dressing vacuum-sealing drainage has a good clinical curative effect on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery.OBJECTIVE:To study the curative effect of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing during or after traumatic osteomyelitis surgery.METHODS:Thirty patients were divided into three groups by their wishes:biomaterial wound surface dressing group,synthetic material group,and routine pressure dressing group.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing used after surgical debridement surgery can shorten treatment time,reduce antibiotic appliacations.And the therapeutic effect in biomaterial wound dressing group is better than that in synthetic material group,and the difference is significance(P < 0.05).The vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing can effectively extract the purulent fluid.And it improved the clinical treatment effect on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Clinical application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery Xu Hai-dong,Zhao Jian-ning,Lu Jun-hao,Liu Jin-long,Chen Yong Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Clinical application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery Xu Hai-dong,Zhao Jian-ning,Lu Jun-hao,Liu Jin-long,Chen Yong Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Clinical application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery Xu Hai-dong,Zhao Jian-ning,Lu Jun-hao,Liu Jin-long,Chen Yong Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liu Jin-long",
                "org": " Clinical application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery Xu Hai-dong,Zhao Jian-ning,Lu Jun-hao,Liu Jin-long,Chen Yong Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Clinical application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery Xu Hai-dong,Zhao Jian-ning,Lu Jun-hao,Liu Jin-long,Chen Yong Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region of Chinese PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "DRTdnEFV": {
        "id": "DRTdnEFV",
        "title": "Treatment of open tibia fracture with primary irrigation and debridement and intermedullary fixation",
        "abstract": "Objective:To evaluate the influence of time from injury to operative irrigation and debridement,methods,Gustilo fracture type and fibula fracture fixation type on fracture healing after open tibia fracture intermedullary fixation.Methods:52 patients with open tibia fractures were retrospectively reviewed,Of these,there was one patient with two fractures,all pationts were available for this study,with an average follow-up of 10.5 months(range 6-24 months). Results:Of all fractures,2 fractures have nonunion,but no infection occurred. Conclusion:One stage intermedullary fixation was feasible after proper management of open tibia fractures.",
        "keywords": [
            "Primary intermedullary fixation",
            "Open tibia fractures",
            "Fracture healing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Wei-ju",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZENG Xiao-feng",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHOU Li-wu",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yue-xian",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BAO Ni-rong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "X2uWU7RH": {
        "id": "X2uWU7RH",
        "title": "Comparison of curative effects of two kinds internal fixation in treating calcaneal fractures",
        "abstract": "Objective To explore the curative effect of plastic titanic plates and hollow screws in the treatment of calcaneal fractures.Methods Forty patients(52 feet) with calcaneal fractures were studied.They were divided into two groups,20 patients(26 feet) were treated with plastic titanic plates and 20 patients(26 feet) were treated with hollow screws.The operative times,blood loss,fractures healing time,and postoperative function scores were recorded in two groups.And the therapeutic effect in two groups was compared.Results All of 40 cases were followed up for 6-18 months,with an average of(10.42±1.33) months.The operative time and volume of blood loss in hollow screws group were significantly shorter or reduced than those in plastic titanic plates group.The difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The differences in healing time,Bohler angle,Gissane angle and the range of motion in the ankle joint in two groups were not statistically significant(P >0.05).The incidence of complications was not significantly different in two groups(P >0.05).Conclusion The hollow screws in treatment of calcaneal fractures can effectively prevent the collapse of articular surface and re-displacement again.The surgery is simple with less trauma,strong advantages of minimally invasive surgery.",
        "keywords": [
            "Curative effect",
            "Hollow screw",
            "Plastic titanic plate",
            "Calcaneal fractures",
            "Internal fixation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": ". Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Miliary Cammand,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": ". Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Miliary Cammand,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ". Department of Orthopaedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Miliary Cammand,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Injury",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "IEqbKbuG": {
        "id": "IEqbKbuG",
        "title": "Mini double-thread hollow screw combined with osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Treatments for hallux valgus are diverse. Mini double thread hollow screw combined with osteotomy surgery is a small invasive surgery, which can meet the orthopedic purpose of hallux valgus and can be considered as the new minimally invasive biological fixation material in clinic. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the curative effect of mini double-thread hollow screw combined with osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus. METHODS: Thirty patients with hallux valgus (eight patients with bilateral orthopedic operation and 22 patients with unilateral orthopedic operation) were selected and treated with the first metatarsal osteotomy combined with mini double-thread hollow screw internal fixation according to the willingness of the patients. The X-ray films were taken before and after operation to compare the hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle, sesamoides position and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle Hindfoot Scale score. And the shortening length of first metatarsal bone was calculated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle, sesamoides position and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle Hindfoot Scale score post-operation were improved obviously compared with those pre-operation. The shortening length of the first metatarsal bone was in orthopedic controllable scope, thereby avoiding deformity recurrence and metatarsus pain.",
        "keywords": [
            "American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle Hindfoot Scale score",
            "Bone and joint implants",
            "Double-thread",
            "Fracture internal fixation",
            "Hallux valgus",
            "Hallux valgus angle",
            "Intermetatarsal angle",
            "Metatarsal bone deformity",
            "Metatarsus pain",
            "Mini hollow screw",
            "Minimally invasive surgery",
            "Osteotomy",
            "Photographs-containing paper of bone and joint implants",
            "Sesamoid position",
            "Spinal implants"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "FEVAt1yo": {
        "id": "FEVAt1yo",
        "title": "Application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing in incision decompression of osteofascial compartment syndrome",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Muscle bulging in vitro, stale bone wounds caused by a large number of tissue fluid exudation and high incidence of infection often appear after incision decompression of osteofascial compartment syndrome, and these are not conducive to patient recovery. Vacuum-sealing drainage (VSD) can protect the wound and avoid local toxins to enter into the blood. OBJECTIVE: To study the curative effect of VSD based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on incision decompression of osteofascial compartment syndrome. METHODS: Osteofascial compartment syndrome patients received incision decompression were divided into three groups by their wishes: VSD based on biomaterial wound dressing group, VSD based on synthetic wound dressing group and routine pressure dressing group. Indexes of liver and kidney functions and freshness of granulation particles were observed in all patients after 3 days of treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The technique of VSD could significantly protect liver and kidney functions, and the freshness of granulation particles in the VSD groups were better compared with the routine pressure dressing group (P < 0.05). Blisters around the wound could be seen in partial patients of the VSD based on synthetic wound dressing group during drainage. It is indicated that VSD based on the new biomaterial wound dressing can effectively drainage, protect liver and kidney functions by avoid toxins entering into the blood, and have a satisfactory freshness of granulation particles. It can provide a good wound surface for later skin grafting and have a good biocompatibility.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of Chinese PLA, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of Chinese PLA, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shang Hou-lai",
                "org": " Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of Chinese PLA, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of Chinese PLA, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of Chinese PLA, Nanjing , Jiangsu Province, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "sN82n8h0": {
        "id": "sN82n8h0",
        "title": "Comparison of three treatment methods for metacarpal and phalangeal fractures",
        "abstract": "Objective Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures are common traumatic diseases in hand surgery.Metacarpal and phalangeal bones are involved in the carpometacarpal joints,metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints and,if improperly treated,will seriously affect the function of the hand.This study was to compare the clinical effects of miniature plate fixation,K-wire fixation,and traction plaster in the treatment of metacarpal and phalangeal fractures.Methods We equally assigned 60 patients with 95 metacarpal and phalangeal fractures to three groups to be treated with miniature plate fixation,K-wire fixation and traction plaster,respectively.We followed up the patients for 6-12(8.1±1.5) months and evaluated the clinical effects of the three methods using the total active flexion system(TAFS).Results The excellence rates of treatment were 90.9% in the miniature plate group,71.4% in the K-wire group and 55.6% in the traction plaster group,with statistically significant differences among the three(P<0.05).The miniature plate method achieved the shortest healing time as compared with the other two(P<0.05).The infection rate of open reduction was significantly lower in the miniature plate fixation than in the K-wire fixation group(0.0% vs 15.4%,P<0.05).Conclusion Miniature plate fixation is a preferable option for the management of metacarpal and phalangeal fractures for its obvious advantages faster joint function recovery,shorter fracture healing time,and easier postoperative infection prevention.",
        "keywords": [
            "Miniature plate",
            "Traction plaster",
            "Fixation",
            "K-wire",
            "Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Meng",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Jun-hao",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "tnzG8ZlJ": {
        "id": "tnzG8ZlJ",
        "title": "Medical titanium cable in the treatment of comminuted patellar fractures",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Medical titanium cable is easy and simple to handle with strong internal fixation and it can protect the knee function. OBJECTIVE: To study the curative effect of medical titanium cable in the treatment of comminuted patellar fractures. METHODS: Thirty patients with comminuted patellar fractures were divided into two groups according to their wishes: medical titanium cable group and routine steel wire cerclageg pierced group. The fixation time, amount of blood loss, the first knee exercise time after operation, hospitalization time, medical expenses, complications and long-term knee function of the patients in two groups were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All patients were followed-up for more than 1 year. The first knee exercise time after operation of the patients in the medical titanium cable group was earlier than that in the routine steel wire cerclage pierced group, and the hospitalization time was shorter, but the medical expenses and long-term knee function Bostman score in the medical titanium cable group was higher than those in the routine steel wire cerclage pierced group (P < 0.05). The medical titanium cable material can cure comminuted patella fractures with strong internal fixation. The medical titanium cable has advantages of earlier knee exercise time and fewer complications compared with routine steel wire cerclage pierced group. It is considered as the better choice for the treatment of comminuted patella fractures.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomaterial",
            "Bone and joint implants",
            "Clinical efficacy",
            "Comminuted fracture",
            "Complications",
            "Internal fixation",
            "Long-term knee function",
            "Medical expenses",
            "Medical titanium cable",
            "Orthopedic implants",
            "Patellar fracture",
            "Wire cerclage"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command(Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command,Nanjing General Hospital),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command(Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command,Nanjing General Hospital),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command(Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Command,Nanjing General Hospital),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "MCgmuuLD": {
        "id": "MCgmuuLD",
        "title": "Comparison of treatment of tibial shaft fractures with 2 kinds of fixator",
        "abstract": "Objective:To evaluate the effect of two kinds of internal fixations on healing of tibial shaft fractrues.Methods: Eight-seven patients with closed tibial shaft fracture were treated with tibial interlocking intramedullary nailing combined with fibular Plate or with tibial interlocking intramedullary nailing alone.All the patients were followed-up.Results:The emergence time of bony callus was(6.9±(2.3)) weeks and(8.1±2.3) weeks,respectively in the two groups;the mean union duration was(14.2±2.5) weeks and(15.3±2.5) weeks respectively and the rate of complication is 5.6% and 21.6%,respectively.For proximal and distal tibial fractures,the union time was shorter significantly when fixated by unreamed interlocking intramedullary nailing combined with fibular Plate than by unreamed interlocking intramedullary nailing alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:Unreamed interlocking intramedullary nailing with fibular plate was less complications when compared with tibial interlocking intramedullary nailing alone.",
        "keywords": [
            "Fracture union",
            "Tibiofibula fracture",
            "Internal fixation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Depart of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Depart of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZENG Xiao-feng",
                "org": "Depart of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHOU Li-wu",
                "org": "Depart of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BAO Ni-rong",
                "org": "Depart of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": "Depart of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "ZtPpHxfe": {
        "id": "ZtPpHxfe",
        "title": "One-stage treatment of the osteocutaneous defects of middle-proximal leg using combined muscle flaps and bone transplantation",
        "abstract": "Objective:In order to avoid disadvantages of staged and multiple operations,we investigated the curative effect of restoring the osteocutaneous defects of middle-proximal leg using combined muscle flaps and bone transplantation in one-stage. Methods:Seven cases with osteocutaneous defects of middle-proximal leg were treated employing combined muscle flaps and granulated cancellous bone autografting. Out of 7 patients,combined muscle flaps consist of medial head of gastrocnemius,anterior tibial muscle and soleus in 3 cases and medial head of gastrocnemius and anterior tibial muscle in 3 cases and medial head of gastrocnemius and soleus in 1 case. Results:Seven cases were followed-up for an average period of 28.4 months (range,11 to 44 months). Five patients gained bone union and restoring of soft tissue defects in one-stage. One patient developed the necrosis of anterior tibial muscle flap and undertaken a successful regional flap once again. The other patient occurred refracture at the time of training after loosing external fixator and gained bone union after undertaking closed reduction and external fixation. Conclusion:Combined muscle flaps and bone transplantation in one-stage was an effective method of managing the osteocutaneous defects of middle-proximal leg. However,the anterior tibial muscle flaps cut by unfit procedure may cause ischemia necrosis.",
        "keywords": [
            "Tibia",
            "Transplantation",
            "bone",
            "Fractures",
            "Surgical flaps",
            "Microsurgery"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LU Wei-ju",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Bin",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QIAN Hong-bo",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZENG Xiao-feng",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Bin",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BAO Ni-rong",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Gang",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics,Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing ,Jiangsu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Medical Postgraduates",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "pSBaQQ3F": {
        "id": "pSBaQQ3F",
        "title": "Application of Fastin bone anchor material in the repair of Achilles tendon rupture",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Fastin bone anchor material is better than traditional absorbable suture weaving method in operation, reliable fixation and biomechanical strength in the repair of Achilles tendon rupture.OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effects of the Fastin bone anchor material in the repair of Achilles tendon rupture.METHODS: Totally 30 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture voluntarily underwent surgery to repair the tendon using Fastin bone anchor material or absorbable suture. Functional recovery of patients was followed up for 1 year.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The patients treated with Fastin bone anchor material in the repair of Achilles tendon rupture had better clinical curative effects than those treated with absorbable suture (P < 0.05). It is indicated that Fastin bone anchor material is better for the repair of Achilles tendon rupture to protect the ankle function.",
        "keywords": [
            "injury repair",
            "biomaterials",
            "material mechanics and surface modification",
            "Fastin bone anchor",
            "clinical efficiacy",
            "absorbable suture",
            "Achilles tendon rupture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Hai-dong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jun-hao",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Jian-ning",
                "org": " Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing ,Jiangsu Province, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "cA6oSC6A": {
        "id": "cA6oSC6A",
        "title": "Sinus Tract and Focus Tissue Cultures in Chronic Osteomyelitis:Comparison of Results",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE To understand the difference between pathogenic bacteria in focus and microbial population in sinus tract discharge and guide preferably clinical application of antibiotics.METHODS Forty-nine patients who had chronic osteomyelitis with sinus tract were included in the study.In each patient,we obtained specimen of sinus tract discharge before operation and specimen of material in focus during operation for bacterial culture.The results of bacterial cultures of two specimens were compared.RESULTS ① Number,spectrum and the first three places of organisms of sinus tract discharge were similar or the same to that of material in focus.② Number of strains isolated from sinus tract discharge was more than that from material in focus.③ Of forty-nine patients,the specimens from two sites had the same results of bacterial cultures(including eight cases with germfree) in twenty-seven(55.0%).In an additional six patients,the organisms isolated from sinus tract discharge included the organisms from material in focus.CONCLUSIONS ①Number and spectrum of organisms isolated from sinus track discharge are similar to that from material in focus.②The results of bacterial cultures of sinus tract discharge represent the actual pathogenic bacteria in 50.0% of the patients.The accurate rate of selecting antibiotics depending on the results of bacterial cultures of sinus tract discharge is 67.3%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Pathogenic bacteria",
            "Chronic osteomyelitis",
            "Bacterial culture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LU Wei-ju",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital,Nanjing Command of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Bin",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital,Nanjing Command of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital,Nanjing Command of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QIAN Hong-bo",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital,Nanjing Command of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Meng",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital,Nanjing Command of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Hai-dong",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital,Nanjing Command of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-ning",
                "org": "Nanjing General Hospital,Nanjing Command of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "ccrmCk58": {
        "id": "ccrmCk58",
        "title": "Abstract: Memory-Conscious Collective I/O for Extreme-Scale HPC Systems",
        "abstract": "The continuing decrease in memory capacity per core and the increasing disparity between core count and off-chip memory bandwidth create significant challenges for I/O operations in exascale systems. The exascale challenges require rethinking collective I/O for the effective exploitation of the correlation among I/O accesses in the exascale system. In this study, considering the major constraint of the memory space, we introduce a MemoryConscious collective I/O. Given the importance of I/O aggregator in improving the performance of collective I/O, the new collective I/O strategy restricts aggregation data traffic within disjointed subgroups, coordinates I/O accesses in intra-node and inter-node layer and determines I/O aggregators at run time considering data distribution and memory consumption among processes. The preliminary results have demonstrated that the new collective I/O strategy holds promise in substantially reducing the amount of memory pressure, alleviating contention for memory bandwidth and improving the I/O performance for extreme-scale systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "memory conscious collective i/o",
            "extreme-scale hpc systems",
            "parallel processing",
            "exascale system",
            "aggregation data traffic",
            "o operation",
            "memory consumption",
            "o aggregators",
            "extreme scale hpc system",
            "storage management",
            "i/o access",
            "o strategy",
            "off-chip memory bandwidth",
            "correlation exploitation",
            "input-output programs",
            "o performance",
            "o aggregator",
            "memory space",
            "core count",
            "memory bandwidth",
            "i/o aggregation",
            "telecommunication traffic",
            "o access",
            "data distribution",
            "memory capacity",
            "parallel memories",
            "memory-conscious collective"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yin Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Zhuang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "SC Companion",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "CiF3L93L": {
        "id": "CiF3L93L",
        "title": "Collective Computing for Scientific Big Data Analysis.",
        "abstract": "Big science discovery requires an efficient computing framework in the high performance computing architecture. Traditional scientific data analysis relies on Message Passing Interface (MPI) and MPI-IO to achieve fast computing and low I/O bottleneck. Among them, two-phase collective I/O is commonly used to reduce data movement by optimizing the non-contiguous I/O pattern. However, the inherent constraint of collective I/O prevents it from having a flexible combination with computing and lacks an efficient non-blocking I/O-Computing framework in current HPC. In this work, we propose Collective Computing, a framework that breaks the constraint of the two-phase collective I/O and provides an efficient non-blocking computing paradigm with runtime support. The fundamental idea is to move the analysis stage in advance and insert the computation into the two-phase I/O, such that the data in the first I/O phase can be computed in place and the second shuffle phase is minimized with a reduce operation. We motivate this idea by profiling the I/O and CPU usage. With both theoretical analysis and evaluation on real application and benchmarks, we show that the collective computing can achieve 2.5X speedup and is promising in big scientific data analysis.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP Workshops",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "xEfIcgql": {
        "id": "xEfIcgql",
        "title": "A Decoupled Execution Paradigm for Data-Intensive High-End Computing",
        "abstract": "High-end computing (HEC) applications in critical areas of science and technology tend to be more and more data intensive. I/O has become a vital performance bottleneck of modern HEC practice. Conventional HEC execution paradigms, however, are computing-centric for computation intensive applications. They are designed to utilize memory and CPU performance and have inherent limitations in addressing the critical I/O bottleneck issues of HEC. In this study, we propose a decoupled execution paradigm (DEP) to address the challenging I/O bottleneck issues. DEP is the first paradigm enabling users to identify and handle data-intensive operations separately. It can significantly reduce costly data movement and is better than the existing execution paradigms for data-intensive applications. The initial experimental tests have confirmed its promising potential. Its data-centric architecture could have an impact in future HEC systems, programming models, and algorithms design and development.",
        "keywords": [
            "future hec system",
            "conventional hec execution paradigm",
            "modern hec practice",
            "cpu performance",
            "computation intensive application",
            "decoupled execution paradigm",
            "data-intensive high-end computing",
            "costly data movement",
            "o bottleneck issue",
            "vital performance bottleneck",
            "existing execution paradigm",
            "computational modeling",
            "data processing",
            "programming",
            "data models",
            "data intensive computing",
            "computer architecture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William D. Gropp",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CLUSTER",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "p0IZ2DBT": {
        "id": "p0IZ2DBT",
        "title": "A Hybrid Shared-Nothing/Shared-Data Storage Architecture for Large Scale Databases",
        "abstract": "Shared-nothing and shared-disk are two widely-used storage architectures in current parallel database systems, and each of them has its own merits for different query patterns. However, there is no much effort in investigating the integration of these two architectures and exploiting their merits together. In this study, we propose a novel hybrid shared-nothing/shared-data storage scheme for large-scale databases, to leverage the benefits of both shared-nothing and shared-disk architectures. We adopt a shared-nothing architecture as the hardware layer and leverage a parallel file system as the storage layer. The proposed hybrid storage scheme can provide a high degree of parallelism in both I/O and computing, like that in a shared-nothing system. In the meantime, it can achieve convenient and high-speed data sharing across multiple database nodes, like that in a shared-disk system. The hybrid scheme is more appropriate for large-scale and data-intensive applications than each of the two individual types of systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "shared-nothing system",
            "parallel file system",
            "novel hybrid shared-nothing",
            "widely-used storage architecture",
            "hybrid shared-nothing",
            "storage layer",
            "shared-data storage architecture",
            "shared-nothing architecture",
            "hybrid scheme",
            "proposed hybrid storage scheme",
            "shared-data storage scheme",
            "large scale databases",
            "current parallel database system",
            "data storage",
            "parallel processing",
            "shared disk architecture",
            "computer architecture",
            "hardware"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaiming Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CCGrid",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "4STJpb7c": {
        "id": "4STJpb7c",
        "title": "STAS: A Scalability Testing and Analysis System",
        "abstract": "Scalability is a crucial factor in performance evaluation and analysis of parallel and distributed systems. Much effort has been devoted to scalability research and several metrics are proposed. However, the lacking of an effective scalability analysis toolkit is still a major barrier for researchers to measure and analyze scalabilities. Isospeed scalability is a known metric and has been extended for general computing systems recently. This paper proposes an effective Scalability Testing and Analysis System, called STAS, and presents its implementation with isospeed-e scalability metric. STAS provides the facility to conduct automated isospeed-e scalability measure and analysis. It reduces the burden for users to evaluate the performance of algorithms and systems. Experiments have been conducted to verify the design and implementation.",
        "keywords": [
            "software metrics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-he Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CLUSTER",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "A2CiJq5g": {
        "id": "A2CiJq5g",
        "title": "Contention-Aware Resource Scheduling for Burst Buffer Systems.",
        "abstract": "Many scientific applications in critical areas are becoming more and more data-intensive. As the data volume continues to grow, the data movement between storage and compute nodes has turned into a crucial performance bottleneck for many data-intensive applications. Burst buffer provides a promising solution for these applications by absorbing bursty I/O traffic to let applications return to computing phase quickly. However, the resource allocation policy for burst buffer is understudied, and the existing strategies may cause severe I/O contention when a large number of I/O-intensive jobs access the burst buffer system concurrently. In this study, based on the theoretic analysis of I/O model, we present a contention-aware resource scheduling (CARS) strategy that manages the burst buffer resource to coordinate concurrent jobs. Extensive experiments have been conducted and the results have demonstrated that the proposed CARS design outperforms the existing allocation strategies and improves both job performance and system utilization.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weihao Liang",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong An",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP Workshops",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "gYfz2b5U": {
        "id": "gYfz2b5U",
        "title": "REMEM: REmote MEMory as Checkpointing Storage",
        "abstract": "Check pointing is a widely used mechanism for supporting fault tolerance, but notorious in its high-cost disk access. The idea of memory-based check pointing has been extensively studied in research but made little success in practice due to its complexity and potential reliability concerns. In this study we present the design and implementation of REMEM, a Remote Memory check pointing system to extend the check pointing storage from disk to remote memory. A unique feature of REMEM is that it can be integrated into existing disk-based check pointing systems seamlessly. A user can flexibly switch between REMEM and disk as check pointing storage to balance the efficiency and reliability. The implementation of REMEM on Open MPI is also introduced. The experimental results confirm that REMEM and the proposed adaptive check pointing storage selection are promising in both performance, reliability and scalability.",
        "keywords": [
            "remote memory",
            "high-cost disk access",
            "memory-based check",
            "open mpi",
            "potential reliability concern",
            "proposed adaptive check",
            "remote memory check",
            "checkpointing storage",
            "storage selection",
            "fault tolerance",
            "disk-based check",
            "head",
            "topology",
            "sun",
            "reliability",
            "performance",
            "memory management",
            "high performance computing",
            "message passing",
            "fault tolerant",
            "switches",
            "implementation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Ke",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CloudCom",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "mXxuDBia": {
        "id": "mXxuDBia",
        "title": "Efficient disk-to-disk sorting: a case study in the decoupled execution paradigm.",
        "abstract": "Many applications foreseen for exascale era should process huge amount of data. However, the IO infrastructure of current supercomputing architecture cannot be generalized to deal with this amount of data due to the need for excessive data movement from storage layers to compute nodes leading to limited scalability. There has been extensive studies addressing this challenge. Decoupled Execution Paradigm (DEP) is an attractive solution due to its unique features such as available fast storage devices close to computational units and available programmable units close to file system. In this paper we study the effectiveness of DEP for a well-known data-intensive kernel, disk-to-disk (aka out-of-core) sorting. We propose an optimized algorithm that uses almost all features of DEP pushing the performance of sorting in HPC even further compared to other existing solutions. Advantages in our algorithm are gained by exploiting programming units close to parallel file system to achieve higher IO throughput, compressing data before sending it over network or to disk, storing intermediate results of computation close to compute nodes, and fully overlapping IO with computation. We also provide an analytical model for our proposed algorithm. Our algorithm achieves 30% better performance compared to the theoretically optimal sorting algorithm running on the same testbed but not designed to exploit the DEP architecture.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hassan Eslami",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Anthony Kougkas",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Maria Kotsifakou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Theodoros Kasampalis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yin Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William Gropp",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DISCS@SC",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "paBiNBma": {
        "id": "paBiNBma",
        "title": "In-advance data analytics for reducing time to discovery",
        "abstract": "Scientific workflow involves data generation, data analysis, and knowledge discovery. As the data volume exceeds a few terabytes (TB) in a single simulation run, the data movement, which happens among data generation, data analysis, and knowledge discovery, becomes a bottleneck in most scientific big data applications. Our previous work shows that reusing the analysis results can have a significant potential in reducing the overlap between data movement among compute nodes and storage nodes. In this work, we propose a new in-advance data analytics method to augment the result reuse. The fundamental idea of this in-advance data analytics method and its prototyping system is to predict the potential useful analytics operations by studying the users' analysis pattern. The predicted analysis operation is pro-actively performed on existing data and the analysis results are stored in an in-memory database for result reuse. The evaluation shows that the in-advance data analytics method and its prototyping system gains 1.2X-6.1X speedup in I/O performance improvement with 50% data overlapping and 10%-100% operation recommendation hit rate. The proposed in-advance data analytics method brings a new promising data reduction solution for big data applications.",
        "keywords": [
            "in-memory database",
            "operation recommendation hit rate",
            "data reduction",
            "prototyping system",
            "users analysis pattern",
            "scientific computing",
            "in-advance data analytics",
            "big data",
            "data intensive computing",
            "data analysis",
            "discovery time reduction",
            "big data applications",
            "data overlapping",
            "in-advance data analytics method",
            "data reduction solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yin Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BigData Conference",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "WHQkWg7k": {
        "id": "WHQkWg7k",
        "title": "Segmented analysis for reducing data movement",
        "abstract": "Many scientific applications nowadays generate a few terabytes (TB) of data in a single run and the data sizes are expected to reach petabytes (PB) in the near future. Enabling fast extraction of knowledge through analyzing these large datasets holds the key to faster scientific discoveries. However, reading data from traditional storage subsystem is a slow process as the I/O performance lags far behind computational performance. Reducing data movement from the storage subsystem is widely considered a viable option for improving performance of data analysis. In this paper, we propose Segmented Analysis, a data movement reduction strategy through reusing results, where multiple similar analysis tasks process the same segments of data. The basic idea is to segment the data accessed in an analysis task, to process the data segments with a given analysis task, and to store the results of segments in a cache for future use. In future, when an analysis task needs to perform the same process on the data segments for which the results are available in the cache, the task can avoid moving data and performing computation for the available results. The Segmented Analysis framework contains modules for computation and I/O access overlap detection, in situ segmentation, and segment result caching. We evaluate the Segmented Analysis strategy by varying factors like the overlap rate among analysis tasks, the request size and the granularity of segmentation. We observed 2X to 13X I/O and to 2X to 8X computation speedups when the overlap is above 50%.",
        "keywords": [
            "data reduction",
            "segmented analysis framework",
            "big data",
            "petabytes",
            "data movement reduction strategy",
            "data analysis",
            "segmented analysis",
            "scientific dataset management",
            "storage subsystem",
            "data sizes",
            "segmented analysis strategy",
            "similar analysis tasks process",
            "data segments",
            "terabytes",
            "segmented analysis task",
            "scientific applications"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BigData Conference",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "UvPgdipW": {
        "id": "UvPgdipW",
        "title": "TIMING-AWARE DATA PREFETCHING FOR MICROPROCESSORS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xianhe sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huaiyu zhu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "Zxj4pfTe": {
        "id": "Zxj4pfTe",
        "title": "Scalability of Heterogeneous Computing",
        "abstract": "In the past decades, a number of research results have been reported for energy-efficient scheduling over uniprocessor and multiprocessor environments. Different from many of the past results on the assumption for task power characteristics, we consider ...",
        "keywords": [
            "multiprocessor environment",
            "past decade",
            "heterogeneous computing",
            "research result",
            "past result",
            "task power characteristic",
            "energy-efficient scheduling",
            "concurrent computing",
            "scalability",
            "distributed system",
            "algorithm design and analysis",
            "computer science",
            "parallel algorithm",
            "parallel processing",
            "parallel algorithms",
            "sun"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xianhe sun",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "ming wu",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "CieFAKPT": {
        "id": "CieFAKPT",
        "title": "Performance under Failure of Multi-tier Web Services",
        "abstract": "Performance issues of multi-tier Web services have been studied extensively in recent years. Performance modeling and prediction under failure of multi-tier architectures, however, is not well addressed yet. We propose a novel model named Performance under failure of multi-tier architecture, or PerFAMA in short, to address this issue. We first show that the multi-tier architecture with failure considerations is a product-form network, and then analyze and model the failure impact. By applying the PerFAMA model, we are able to predict the end-to-end response time of multi-tier Web services under failures. We have simulated two representative Web services architectures and various failure scenarios to verify the proposed PerFAMA model. The experimental results show that the proposed model works well and the prediction accuracy is up to 98%.",
        "keywords": [
            "multitier architecture",
            "product-form network",
            "web services architectures",
            "web services",
            "end-to-end response time",
            "failure consideration",
            "failure impact",
            "perfama model",
            "various failure scenario",
            "multi-tier web services",
            "perfama",
            "failure",
            "prediction under failure",
            "system recovery",
            "performance modeling",
            "software architecture",
            "novel model",
            "representative web services architecture",
            "multitier web services",
            "proposed perfama model",
            "multi-tier architecture",
            "performance",
            "performance under failure",
            "service oriented architecture",
            "silicon",
            "accuracy",
            "predictive models",
            "web service"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bing Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPADS",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "daYwQLxH": {
        "id": "daYwQLxH",
        "title": "QoS Oriented Resource Reservation in Shared Environments",
        "abstract": "Resource sharing across different computers and organizations makes it possible to support diverse, dynamic changing resource requirements of distributed applications. Reservation mechanisms have been used to reserve resources for external applications through service level agreements between local resource organizations and external applications. However, the effects of resource reservation on local applications, and therefore the trustfulness of the successful fulfillment of the service agreement, have been ignored. In this paper, we investigate the effect of resource reservation on external applications as well as local jobs, and design efficient task scheduling algorithms considering the tolerance of local jobs to resource reservation. Extensive simulations and implementation experiments have been carried out to confirm our analysis results. Experimental results show that the relative slowdown metric and thefailureminimization scheduling algorithms proposed in this study are practically effective and have a real potential.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ming Wu",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CCGrid",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "kbMid9b4": {
        "id": "kbMid9b4",
        "title": "Decoupled I/O for Data-Intensive High Performance Computing",
        "abstract": "The I/O bottleneck issue has been acknowledged as one of main performance issues of high performance computing (HPC) systems for data-intensive scientific applications, and has attracted intensive studies in recent years. With the enlarging gap between the computing bandwidth and I/O bandwidth in projected next-generation HPC systems, this issue will become even worse. In this paper, we present a novel decoupled I/O to address the fundamental I/O bottleneck issue. The decoupled I/O is a software stack including MPI extensions, compiler improvements, and runtime library support, based one decoupled HPC system architecture. It allows users to treat the computing of data-intensive operations and the traditional I/O operation as an ensemble and offload them into dedicated data nodes, which are near to the data source, to reduce the overhead of data movement and improve the I/O bandwidth usage. The decoupled I/O is user-friendly and requires little changes in application codes. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the decoupled I/O, and the results show that it outperforms existing solutions (such as active storage I/O) and provides an attractive I/O solution for data-intensive high performance computing.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanlong Yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hassan Eslami",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William D. Gropp",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "9qyCQGGd": {
        "id": "9qyCQGGd",
        "title": "A hybrid data prefetching architecture for data-access efficiency",
        "abstract": "High-performance computing has crossed the Petaflop mark and has been moving forward to reach the Exaflop range. However, while computing resources are making rapid progress, there is a significant gap between processing capacity and data-access performance. Due to this gap, although processing resources are available, they have to stay idle waiting for data to arrive, which has a severe impact on the overall system performance. In the meantime, applications tend to be more and more data intensive. The data-access delay, not the processor speed, has become the bottleneck of computing, especially for high-performance and high-end computing where performance is keen. There is a great need for research in improving data-access performance. In this dissertation, we propose to improve data-access efficiency with a Hybrid Adaptive Prefetching architecture and associated innovative data prefetching techniques. The Hybrid Adaptive Prefetching architecture is built upon the memory hierarchy model, the for see engineering choice for masking the gap between computing and data-access speed, and enhances it with a hierarchical prefetching model to further mitigate the performance disparity and improve data-access speed. The fundamental idea behind the proposed solution is utilizing the excessive transistors on chip and available computing capability to build up specialized hardware and software approaches to accelerating data accesses, and thus to achieve a high sustained performance instead of a high peak performance. The Hybrid Adaptive Prefetching architecture reduces data-access latency via two stages, cache-memory stage by leveraging specialized hardware solutions and memory-disk stage by exploiting innovative software solutions. It improves data-access efficiency by harvesting the benefits of comprehensive, aggressive and adaptive prefetching strategies. The goal of this dissertation is to exploit hardware, compiler and system support to provide a systematic solution to boosting data-access performance for high-performance and high-end computing. Extensive experimental testing has been conducted to validate the design and verify the performance gain, and the results have demonstrated significant performance improvement. The Hybrid Adaptive Prefetching architecture can benefit a variety of applications such as scientific simulation, data mining, geographical information system, multimedia and visualization applications, etc. It will have a broad impact on improving data-access efficiency for high-performance and high-end computing.",
        "keywords": [
            "high sustained performance",
            "data-access efficiency",
            "high peak performance",
            "data-access delay",
            "data-access speed",
            "high-end computing",
            "hybrid data",
            "Hybrid Adaptive Prefetching architecture",
            "overall system performance",
            "data-access performance",
            "data-access latency"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "A hybrid data prefetching architecture for data-access efficiency",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "ZwiZRxDK": {
        "id": "ZwiZRxDK",
        "title": "Improving Parallel I/O Performance with Data Layout Awareness",
        "abstract": "Parallel applications can benefit greatly from massive computational capability, but their performance suffers from large latency of I/O accesses. The poor I/O performance has been attributed as a critical cause of the low sustained performance of parallel computing systems. In this study, we propose a data layout-aware optimization strategy to promote a better integration of the parallel I/O middleware and parallel file systems, two major components of the current parallel I/O systems, and to improve the data access performance. We explore the layout-aware optimization in both independent I/O and collective I/O, two primary forms of I/O in parallel applications. We illustrate that the layout-aware I/O optimization could improve the performance of current parallel I/O strategy effectively. The experimental results verify that the proposed strategy could improve parallel I/O performance by nearly 40% on average. The proposed layout-aware parallel I/O has a promising potential in improving the I/O performance of parallel systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "optimisation",
            "o system",
            "parallel programming",
            "i/o performance",
            "data layout awareness",
            "data access optimization",
            "collective i/o",
            "data access performance",
            "o strategy",
            "data layout",
            "parallel systems",
            "parallel computing system",
            "parallel i/o middleware",
            "input-output programs",
            "o performance",
            "current parallel",
            "parallel i/o",
            "optimization strategy",
            "parallel applications",
            "parallel file systems",
            "o middleware",
            "independent i/o",
            "middleware",
            "parallel file system",
            "parallel i/o performance",
            "o access",
            "o optimization",
            "computational capability",
            "parallel application",
            "optimization",
            "layout",
            "parallel computer",
            "distributed databases",
            "data access",
            "parallel processing",
            "servers"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiming Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CLUSTER",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "rLG1QRPq": {
        "id": "rLG1QRPq",
        "title": "Model-Driven Data Layout Selection for Improving Read Performance",
        "abstract": "Performance of reading scientific data from a parallel file system depends on the organization of data on physical storage devices. Data is often immutable after producers of data, such as large-scale simulations, experiments, and observations, write the data to the parallel file system. As a result, read performance of data analysis tasks is often slow when the read pattern does not conform with the original organization of the data. For example, reading small noncontiguous chunks of data from a large array is many times slower than reading the same size of contiguous chunks of data. Towards improving the data read performance during analysis phase, we are developing the Scientific Data Services (SDS) framework for automatically reorganizing previously written data to conform with the known read patterns. In this paper, we introduce a model-driven strategy for selecting the data layouts that benefit the performance of different read patterns. We have developed a parallel I/O model based on the striping parameters on Lustre file system and the block-level striping on RAID-based disks within an Object Storage Target (OST) of Lustre. We have applied the model to reorganize large 3D array datasets on a Cray XE6 platform and achieved 9X to 128X improvement in accessing the reorganized data compared to reading the data in its original layout.",
        "keywords": [
            "i/o performance model",
            "parallel processing",
            "scientific data services framework",
            "scientific data management, scientific services , i/o performance model, big data, high performance computing",
            "ost",
            "big data",
            "block-level striping",
            "storage management",
            "data analysis",
            "physical storage devices",
            "raid-based disks",
            "object storage target",
            "input-output programs",
            "sds framework",
            "high performance computing",
            "scientific data reading",
            "scientific data management",
            "scientific services (sds)",
            "lustre file system",
            "model-driven data layout selection",
            "cray xe6 platform",
            "parallel file system",
            "read performance",
            "parallel i/o model",
            "organizations",
            "layout",
            "distributed databases",
            "computational modeling",
            "data models",
            "predictive models"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Dong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kesheng Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IPDPS Workshops",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "khJwZBbd": {
        "id": "khJwZBbd",
        "title": "PAC-PLRU: A Cache Replacement Policy to Salvage Discarded Predictions from Hardware Prefetchers",
        "abstract": "Cache replacement policy plays an important role in guaranteeing the availability of cache blocks, reducing miss rates, and improving applications' overall performance. However, recent research efforts on improving replacement policies require either significant additional hardware or major modifications to the organization of the existing cache. In this study, we propose the PAC-PLRU cache replacement policy. PAC-PLRU not only utilizes but also judiciously salvages the prediction information discarded from a widely-adopted stride prefetcher. The main idea behind PAC-PLRU is utilizing the prediction results generated by the existing stride prefetcher and preventing these predicted cache blocks from being replaced in the near future. Experimental results show that leveraging the PAC-PLRU with a stride prefetcher reduces the average L2 cache miss rate by 91% over a baseline system with only PLRU policy, and by 22% over a system using PLRU with an unconnected stride prefetcher. Most importantly, PAC-PLRU only requires minor modifications to existing cache architecture to get these benefits. The proposed PAC-PLRU policy is promising in fostering the connection between prefetching and replacement policies, and have a lasting impact on improving the overall cache performance.",
        "keywords": [
            "proposed pac-plru policy",
            "replacement policy",
            "plru policy",
            "discarded predictions",
            "pac-plru cache replacement policy",
            "existing cache",
            "cache storage",
            "pac-plru",
            "hardware prefetchers",
            "stride prefetcher",
            "cache blocks",
            "high-performance processors",
            "l2 cache",
            "salvage discarded predictions",
            "overall cache performance",
            "cache architecture",
            "memory architecture",
            "computer architecture",
            "l2 cache miss rate",
            "cache replacement policy",
            "cache block",
            "memory wall",
            "microarchitecture",
            "hardware",
            "binary trees",
            "filtering",
            "mathematical model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ke Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhensong Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiyu Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CCGrid",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "X7gcmT5U": {
        "id": "X7gcmT5U",
        "title": "Efficient disk-to-disk sorting: a case study in the decoupled execution paradigm",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "authors",
                "org": "university of illinois at urbana champaign"
            },
            {
                "name": "anthony kougkas",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "maria kotsifakou",
                "org": "university of illinois at urbana champaign"
            },
            {
                "name": "theodoros kasampalis",
                "org": "university of illinois at urbana champaign"
            },
            {
                "name": "kun feng",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yin lu",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "william gropp",
                "org": "university of illinois at urbana champaign"
            },
            {
                "name": "xianhe sun",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "rajeev thakur",
                "org": "argonne national laboratory"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "PtHsqCif": {
        "id": "PtHsqCif",
        "title": "LACIO: A New Collective I/O Strategy for Parallel I/O Systems",
        "abstract": "Parallel applications benefit considerably from the rapid advance of processor architectures and the available massive computational capability, but their performance suffers from large latency of I/O accesses. The poor I/O performance has been attributed as a critical cause of the low sustained performance of parallel systems. Collective I/O is widely considered a critical solution that exploits the correlation among I/O accesses from multiple processes of a parallel application and optimizes the I/O performance. However, the conventional collective I/O strategy makes the optimization decision based on the logical file layout to avoid multiple file system calls and does not take the physical data layout into consideration. On the other hand, the physical data layout in fact decides the actual I/O access locality and concurrency. In this study, we propose a new collective I/O strategy that is aware of the underlying physical data layout. We confirm that the new Layout-Aware Collective I/O (LACIO) improves the performance of current parallel I/O systems effectively with the help of noncontiguous file system calls. It holds promise in improving the I/O performance for parallel systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "o access locality",
            "parallel processing",
            "collective i/o strategy",
            "parallel system",
            "physical data layout",
            "o system",
            "processor architecture",
            "parallel i/o system",
            "o strategy",
            "parallel system performance",
            "o systems",
            "layout-aware collective i/o",
            "o performance",
            "current parallel",
            "logical file layout",
            "new collective",
            "file organisation",
            "o access",
            "optimization decision",
            "low sustained performance",
            "lacio",
            "parallel application",
            "parallel systems",
            "computer science",
            "layout",
            "concurrent computing",
            "middleware",
            "computer architecture",
            "servers",
            "optimization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William D. Gropp",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IPDPS",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "EuHg1TKP": {
        "id": "EuHg1TKP",
        "title": "Taxonomy of Data Prefetching for Multicore Processors",
        "abstract": "Data prefetching is an efiective data access latency hiding technique to mask the CPU stall caused by cache misses and to bridge the performance gap between processor and memory. With hardware and/or software support, data prefetching brings data closer to a processor before it is actually needed. Many prefetching techniques have been developed for single-core processors. Recent developments in processor technology have brought multicore processors into mainstream. While some of the single-core prefetching techniques are directly applicable to multicore processors, numerous novel strategies have been proposed in the past few years to take advantage of multiple cores. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art prefetching techniques, and proposes a taxonomy that classifles various design concerns in developing a prefetching strategy, especially for multicore processors. We compare various existing methods through analysis as well.",
        "keywords": [
            "data prefetching",
            "memory hierarchy",
            "taxonomy of prefetching strategies",
            "multicore processors",
            "data access"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Chicago Illinois 60616 U.S.A."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Chicago Illinois 60616 U.S.A."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-he Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Chicago Illinois 60616 U.S.A."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "J. Comput. Sci. Technol.",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "U52BCls5": {
        "id": "U52BCls5",
        "title": "Timing local streams: improving timeliness in data prefetching",
        "abstract": "Data prefetching technique is widely used to bridge the growing performance gap between processor and memory. Numerous prefetching techniques have been proposed to exploit data patterns and correlations in the miss address stream. In general, the miss addresses are grouped by some common characteristics, such as program counter or memory region they belong to, into localized streams to improve prefetch accuracy and coverage. However, the existing stream localization technique lacks the timing information of misses. This drawback can lead to a large fraction of untimely prefetches, which in turn limits the effectiveness of prefetching, wastes precious bandwidth and leads to high cache pollution potentially. This paper proposes a novel mechanism named stream timing technique that can largely reduce untimely prefetches and in turn increase the overall performance. Based on the proposed stream timing technique, we extend the conventional stride prefetcher and propose a new stride prefetcher called Time-Aware Stride (TAS) prefetcher. We have carried out extensive simulation experiments to verify the design of the stream timing technique and the TAS prefetcher. The simulation results show that the proposed stream timing technique is promising in reducing untimely prefetches and the IPC improvement of TAS prefetcher outperforms the existing stride prefetcher by 11%.",
        "keywords": [
            "local stream",
            "localized stream",
            "existing stream localization technique",
            "conventional stride prefetcher",
            "stream timing technique",
            "existing stride prefetcher",
            "address stream",
            "new stride prefetcher",
            "proposed stream timing technique",
            "tas prefetcher",
            "untimely prefetches",
            "program counter",
            "cache memory",
            "simulation experiment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaiyu Zhu",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "I4CS",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "oK9l21lj": {
        "id": "oK9l21lj",
        "title": "A Taxonomy of Data Prefetching Mechanisms",
        "abstract": "Data prefetching has been considered an effective way to mask data access latency caused by cache misses and to bridge the performance gap between processor and memory. With hardware and/or software support, data prefetching brings data closer to a processor before it is actually needed. Many prefetching techniques have been proposed in the last few years to reduce data access latency by taking advantage of multi-core architectures. In this paper, we propose a taxonomy that classifies various design concerns in developing a prefetching strategy. We discuss various prefetching strategies and issues that have to be considered in designing a prefetching strategy for multi-core processors.",
        "keywords": [
            "data prefetching mechanisms",
            "prefetching technique",
            "data prefetching",
            "multi-core architecture",
            "data access latency",
            "various design concern",
            "various prefetching strategy",
            "performance gap",
            "multi-core processor",
            "mask data access latency",
            "prefetching strategy",
            "multicore processing",
            "taxonomy",
            "multi core processor",
            "computer architecture",
            "history",
            "hardware",
            "sun",
            "multicore processors",
            "data access"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISPAN",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ecYuANeC": {
        "id": "ecYuANeC",
        "title": "Checkpointing Orchestration: Toward a Scalable HPC Fault-Tolerant Environment",
        "abstract": "Check pointing is widely used in technical computing. However, the overhead of check pointing is a subject of increasing in concern in recent years, especially for large-scale parallel computer systems. In these systems, check pointing generates a huge number of concurrent I/O writes. The burst of writes plus the worsening I/O-wall problem often leads to network and I/O congestion, and makes the overall system performance painfully slow. Recognizing contention as a dominant performance factor, in this paper we propose a systematic approach named check pointing orchestration to reduce write contention, which combines the marshaling of concurrent checkpoint requests and the adopting of vertical data access in coordination. A prototype of the proposed check pointing orchestration approach has been implemented at the system-level under Open MPI over the PVFS2 file system. Extensive experiments based on NPB benchmarks have been conducted to verify the design and implementation. Experimental results show that check pointing orchestration reduced the check pointing cost at a degree of more than 30%. Check pointing cost was halved for 4 out of 5 the C class NPB benchmarks.",
        "keywords": [
            "open mpi",
            "fault tolerance",
            "scalable hpc fault-tolerant environment",
            "o congestion",
            "dominant performance factor",
            "c class npb benchmarks",
            "application program interfaces",
            "checkpointing",
            "parallel file system",
            "high-performance computing",
            "orchestration approach",
            "write contention reduction",
            "pvfs2 file system",
            "technical computing",
            "checkpointing orchestration approach",
            "i-o congestion",
            "concurrent i-o writes",
            "concurrent checkpoint requests",
            "npb benchmarks",
            "recognizing contention",
            "software fault tolerance",
            "checkpointing orchestration",
            "i-o-wall problem",
            "message passing",
            "vertical data access",
            "large-scale parallel computer systems",
            "concurrent checkpoint request",
            "large-scale parallel computer system",
            "proposed check",
            "fault tolerant",
            "data access",
            "benchmark testing",
            "bandwidth",
            "high performance computing",
            "servers",
            "system performance",
            "parallel computer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Ke",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CCGrid",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "M9Mm0Hm7": {
        "id": "M9Mm0Hm7",
        "title": "Optimizing HPC Fault-Tolerant Environment: An Analytical Approach",
        "abstract": "The increasingly large ensemble size of modern High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems has drastically increased the possibility of failures. Performance under failures and its optimization become timely important issues facing the HPC community. In this study, we propose an analytical model to predict the application performance. The model characterizes the impact of coordinated checkpointing and system failures on application performance, considering all the factors including workload, the number of nodes, failure arrival rate, recovery cost, and checkpointing interval and overhead. Based on the model, we gauge three parameters, the number of compute nodes, checkpointing interval, and the number of spare nodes to conduct a comprehensive study of performance optimization under failures. Performance scalability under failures is also studied to explore the performance improvement space for different parameters. Experimental results from both synthetic and actual system failure logs confirm that the proposed model and optimization methodologies are effective and feasible.",
        "keywords": [
            "hpc fault-tolerant environment",
            "optimisation",
            "fault tolerance",
            "compute nodes parameter",
            "checkpointing",
            "scalability",
            "performance optimization",
            "application performance",
            "performance scalability",
            "high-performance computing",
            "optimization methodology",
            "fault tolerant computing",
            "analytical approach",
            "hpc community",
            "checkpointing interval parameter",
            "performance improvement space",
            "analytical model",
            "optimizing hpc fault-tolerant environment",
            "optimization",
            "actual system failure log",
            "checkpointing interval",
            "spare nodes parameter",
            "maintenance engineering",
            "fault tolerant",
            "random variables",
            "high performance computing",
            "estimation",
            "computational modeling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiyu Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "V6y2XaSv": {
        "id": "V6y2XaSv",
        "title": "Exploring Parallel I/O Concurrency with Speculative Prefetching",
        "abstract": "Parallel applications can benefit greatly from massive computational capability, but their performance usually suffers due to large latency in I/O accesses. Conventional I/O prefetching techniques are conservative and are limited by low accuracy and coverage. As the processor performance has been increasing rapidly and the computing power is virtually free, we introduce a novel speculative approach for comprehensive and aggressive parallel I/O prefetching in this study. We present the design of our approach as well as challenges, solutions, and our prototype implementation. The experiments have shown promising results in reducing I/O access latency.",
        "keywords": [
            "o access latency",
            "o prefetching technique",
            "parallel application",
            "large latency",
            "o concurrency",
            "processor performance",
            "aggressive parallel",
            "computing power",
            "speculative prefetching",
            "o prefetching",
            "novel speculative approach",
            "o access",
            "bandwidth",
            "computer science",
            "algorithm design and analysis",
            "construction industry",
            "parallel processing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William Gropp",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP '08 Proceedings of the 2008 37th International Conference on Parallel Processing",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Jpn2S62R": {
        "id": "Jpn2S62R",
        "title": "A New Data Sieving Approach for High Performance I/O",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yin lu",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "prathamesh amritkar",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "rajeev thakur",
                "org": "argonne national laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu zhuang",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "Ps5Ys7qV": {
        "id": "Ps5Ys7qV",
        "title": "V-MCS: A configuration system for virtual machines",
        "abstract": "Vitual machine (VM) technology encapsulates shared computing resources into secure, stable, isolated and customizable private computing environments. While service-oriented computing becomes more and more a norm of computing, VM becomes a must-have common structure. However, creating and customizing a VM system on different hardware/software environments to meet versatile demands is a state-of-the-art task, especially for casual users working in new computing environments. In addition, VM configuration without system support is tedious, time consuming, and error prone. In this study, we propose a virtual machine configuration system (V-MCS) for tackling this issue. V-MCS takes a systematic approach to enhance the flexibility and usability of VM. It provides an easy-to-use Web interface to users to create their preferred configurations, and to convert the configurations into PAN documents for human-computer interaction and XML documents for machine automation. The underlying definition component parses the configurations and the spawn component generates customized VMs on the fly. V-MCS maintains and deploys these two-level documents when users login in the future. With the help of V-MCS, users can generate their customized VMs easily and swiftly. V-MCS has been implemented and tested. Experimental results match the design goal well.",
        "keywords": [
            "virtual machines configuration system",
            "xml documents",
            "xml",
            "human computer interaction",
            "user interfaces",
            "hardware-software environments",
            "virtual machines",
            "machine automation",
            "web interface",
            "service-oriented computing",
            "human-computer interaction",
            "xml document",
            "hardware",
            "service oriented computing",
            "data mining",
            "virtual machine",
            "skeleton"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cong Du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongbo Zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Prerak Shukla",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CLUSTER",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "EN8gJgIP": {
        "id": "EN8gJgIP",
        "title": "Storage-Efficient Data Prefetching for High Performance Computing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "huaiyu zhu",
                "org": "university of illinois at urbana champaign"
            },
            {
                "name": "hui jin",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "xianhe sun",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "w6Kyg9A1": {
        "id": "w6Kyg9A1",
        "title": "Reevaluating Amdahl's law in the multicore era",
        "abstract": "Microprocessor architecture has entered the multicore era. Recently, Hill and Marty presented a pessimistic view of multicore scalability. Their analysis was based on Amdahl's law (i.e. fixed-workload condition) and challenged readers to develop better models. In this study, we analyze multicore scalability under fixed-time and memory-bound conditions and from the data access (memory wall) perspective. We use the same hardware cost model of multicore chips used by Hill and Marty, but achieve very different and more optimistic performance models. These models show that there is no inherent, immovable upper bound on the scalability of multicore architectures. These results complement existing studies and demonstrate that multicore architectures are capable of extensive scalability.",
        "keywords": [
            "multicore scalability",
            "memory-bound condition",
            "multicore architecture",
            "multicore chip",
            "scalability",
            "extensive scalability",
            "scalable computing",
            "data access",
            "memory wall",
            "reevaluating amdahl",
            "multicore era",
            "hardware cost model",
            "better model",
            "chip",
            "upper bound"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, United States"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "J. Parallel Distrib. Comput.",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "6bLujE4u": {
        "id": "6bLujE4u",
        "title": "Reducing Faulty Jobs by Job Submission Verifier in Grid Engine",
        "abstract": "Grid Engine is a Distributed Resource Manager (DRM), that manages the resources of distributed systems (such as Grid, HPC, or Cloud systems) and executes designated jobs which have requested to occupy or consume those resources. Grid Engine applies scheduling policies to allocate resources for jobs while simultaneously attempting to maintain optimal utilization of all machines in the distributed system. However, due to the complexity of Grid Engine's job submission commands and complicated resource management policies, the number of faulty job submissions in data centers increases with the number of jobs being submitted. To combat the increase in faulty jobs, Grid Engine allows administrators to design and implement Job Submission Verifiers (JSV) to verify jobs before they enter into Grid Engine. In this paper, we will discuss a Job Submission Verifier that was designed and implemented for Univa Grid Engine, a commercial version of Grid Engine, and thoroughly evaluated at the High Performance Computing Center of Texas Tech University. Our newly developed JSV communicates with Univa Grid Engine (UGE) components to verify whether a submitted job should be accepted as is, or modified then accepted, or rejected due to improper requests for resources. It had a substantial positive impact on reducing the number of faulty jobs submitted to UGE by far. For instance, it corrected 28.6% of job submissions and rejected 0.3% of total jobs from September 2018 to February 2019, that may otherwise lead to long or infinite waiting time in the job queue.\n\n",
        "keywords": [
            "Faulty Jobs",
            " Grid Engine",
            " Job Submission Verifier"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Misha Ahmadian",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Eric Rees",
                "org": "High Performance Computing Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Zhuang",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing on Rise of the Machines (learning)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "WAP1A4GT": {
        "id": "WAP1A4GT",
        "title": "Poster: Memory-Conscious Collective I/O for Extreme-Scale HPC Systems",
        "abstract": "The continuing decrease in memory capacity per core and the increasing disparity between core count and off-chip memory bandwidth create significant challenges for I/O operations in exascale systems. The exascale challenges require rethinking collective I/O for the effective exploitation of the correlation among I/O accesses in the exascale system. In this study we introduce a Memory-Conscious Collective I/O considering the constraint of the memory space. 1)Restricts aggregation data traffic within disjointed subgroups 2)Coordinates I/O accesses in intra-node and inter-node layer 3)Determines I/O aggregators at run time considering data distribution and memory consumption among processes.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yin Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Zhuang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "SC Companion",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "AOzoBBwO": {
        "id": "AOzoBBwO",
        "title": "Data access history cache and associated data prefetching mechanisms",
        "abstract": "Data prefetching is an effective way to bridge the increasing performance gap between processor and memory. As computing power is increasing much faster than memory performance, we suggest that it is time to have a dedicated cache to store data access histories and to serve prefetching to mask data access latency effectively. We thus propose a new cache structure, named Data Access History Cache (DAHC), and study its associated prefetching mechanisms. The DAHC behaves as a cache for recent reference information instead of as a traditional cache for instructions or data. Theoretically, it is capable of supporting many well known history-based prefetching algorithms, especially adaptive and aggressive approaches. We have carried out simulation experiments to validate DAHC design and DAHC-based data prefetching methodologies and to demonstrate performance gains. The DAHC provides a practical approach to reaping data prefetching benefits and its associated prefetching mechanisms are proven more effective than traditional approaches.",
        "keywords": [
            "increasing performance gap",
            "traditional cache",
            "data access history",
            "dahc-based data",
            "data prefetching",
            "new cache structure",
            "memory performance",
            "dedicated cache",
            "dahc design",
            "data access history cache",
            "mask data access latency",
            "sun",
            "algorithm design and analysis",
            "simulation experiment",
            "correlation",
            "cache memory",
            "markov processes",
            "data access",
            "computer science",
            "history",
            "prediction algorithms",
            "indexes",
            "government"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "SC",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "aEgo8Cd9": {
        "id": "aEgo8Cd9",
        "title": "A Hybrid Shared-Nothing/Shared-Data Storage Scheme for Large-Scale Data Processing",
        "abstract": "Shared-nothing and shared-disk are the two most common storage architectures of parallel databases in the past two decades. Both two types of systems have their own merits for different applications. However, there are no much efforts in investigating the integration of these two architectures and exploiting their merits together. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid storage architecture for large-scale data processing, to leverage the benefits of both shared-nothing and shared-disk architectures. In the proposed hybrid system, we adopt a shared-nothing architecture as the hardware layer and leverage a parallel file system as the storage layer to combine the scattered disks on all database nodes. We present an overall design of the new scheme, including data and storage organization, data access modes, and query processing methods. The proposed hybrid scheme can achieve both high I/O performance as a shared-nothing system, and high-speed data sharing across all server nodes as a share-disk system. Preliminary experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid scheme is promising and more appropriate for large-scale and data-intensive applications than each of the two individual types of systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "large-scale data processing",
            "shared-nothing",
            "share-disk system",
            "shared-data",
            "novel hybrid storage architecture",
            "high-speed data sharing",
            "hybrid scheme",
            "data access mode",
            "storage management",
            "hybrid storage architecture",
            "hybrid shared-nothing",
            "hybrid shared-nothing/shared-data storage scheme",
            "shared-nothing system",
            "data-intensive application",
            "shared-disk architecture",
            "shared-data storage scheme",
            "storage architecture",
            "common storage architecture",
            "storage organization",
            "proposed hybrid system",
            "parallel file systems",
            "parallel file system",
            "high-speed data",
            "hardware layer",
            "data organization",
            "parallel databases",
            "proposed hybrid scheme",
            "computer architecture",
            "servers",
            "hardware",
            "data storage",
            "data processing",
            "shared disk architecture",
            "shared nothing",
            "bandwidth",
            "hybrid system",
            "data access",
            "organizations"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaiming Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISPA",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "CQTJmdtA": {
        "id": "CQTJmdtA",
        "title": "Parallel I/O prefetching using MPI file caching and I/O signatures",
        "abstract": "Parallel I/O prefetching is considered to be effective in improving I/O performance. However, the effectiveness depends on determining patterns among future I/O accesses swiftly and fetching data in time, which is difficult to achieve in general. In this study, we propose an I/O signature-based prefetching strategy. The idea is to use a predetermined I/O signature of an application to guide prefetching. To put this idea to work, we first derived a classification of patterns and introduced a simple and effective signature notation to represent patterns. We then developed a toolkit to trace and generate I/O signatures automatically. Finally, we designed and implemented a thread-based client-side collective prefetching cache layer for MPI-IO library to support prefetching. A prefetching thread reads I/O signatures of an application and adjusts them by observing I/O accesses at runtime. Experimental results show that the proposed prefetching method improves I/O performance significantly for applications with complex patterns.",
        "keywords": [
            "proposed prefetching method",
            "o performance",
            "effective signature notation",
            "client-side collective prefetching cache",
            "mpi-io library",
            "mpi file caching",
            "o signature",
            "prefetching thread",
            "o prefetching",
            "prefetching strategy",
            "o access",
            "benchmark testing",
            "data mining",
            "message passing",
            "optimization",
            "parallel processing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": "Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "William Gropp",
                "org": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "SC",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "J2RtfsvD": {
        "id": "J2RtfsvD",
        "title": "2008 International Conference on Parallel Processing September 8-12, 2008 Portland, Oregon Exploring Parallel I/O Concurrency with Speculative Prefetching",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "parallel processing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-he Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William Gropp",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "fCRe1do3": {
        "id": "fCRe1do3",
        "title": "Hiding I/O latency with pre-execution prefetching for parallel applications",
        "abstract": "Parallel applications are usually able to achieve high computational performance but suffer from large latency in I/O accesses. I/O prefetching is an effective solution for masking the latency. Most of existing I/O prefetching techniques, however, are conservative and their effectiveness is limited by low accuracy and coverage. As the processor-I/O performance gap has been increasing rapidly, data-access delay has become a dominant performance bottleneck. We argue that it is time to revisit the ldquoI/O wallrdquo problem and trade the excessive computing power with data-access speed. We propose a novel pre-execution approach for masking I/O latency. We describe the pre-execution I/O prefetching framework, the pre-execution thread construction methodology, the underlying library support, and the prototype implementation in the ROMIO MPI-IO implementation in MPICH2. Preliminary experiments show that the pre-execution approach is promising in reducing I/O access latency and has real potential.",
        "keywords": [
            "parallel processing",
            "pre-execution prefetching",
            "o prefetching framework",
            "o wall",
            "o prefetching technique",
            "o prefetching",
            "preexecution thread construction methodology",
            "latency masking",
            "storage management",
            "o access latency",
            "preexecution prefetching",
            "i/o prefetching",
            "multiprocessing systems",
            "o performance gap",
            "novel pre-execution approach",
            "o latency",
            "data-access delay",
            "o access",
            "large latency",
            "i/o access latency",
            "parallel application",
            "data access",
            "data mining",
            "synchronization",
            "construction industry",
            "algorithm design and analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": "Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL"
            },
            {
                "name": "William Gropp",
                "org": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "SC",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "wxInBDqC": {
        "id": "wxInBDqC",
        "title": "Collective input/output under memory constraints.",
        "abstract": "Compared with current high-performance computing (HPC) systems, exascale systems are expected to have much less memory per node, which can significantly reduce necessary collective input/output (I/O) performance. In this study, we introduce a memory-conscious collective I/O strategy that takes into account memory capacity and bandwidth constraints. The new strategy restricts aggregation data traffic within disjointed subgroups, coordinates I/O accesses in intranode and internode layers, and determines I/O aggregators at run time considering memory consumption among processes. We have prototyped the design and evaluated it with commonly used benchmarks to verify its potential. The evaluation results demonstrate that this strategy holds promise in mitigating the memory pressure, alleviating the contention for memory bandwidth, and improving the I/O performance for projected extreme-scale systems. Given the importance of supporting increasingly data-intensive workloads and projected memory constraints on increasingly larger scale HPC systems, this new memory-conscious collective I/O can have a significant positive impact on scientific discovery productivity.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yin Lu",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Zhuang",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": "Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IJHPCA",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "MDrKmOC0": {
        "id": "MDrKmOC0",
        "title": "An Adaptive Data Prefetcher for High-Performance Processors",
        "abstract": "While computing speed continues increasing rapidly, data-access technology is lagging behind. Data-access delay, not the processor speed, becomes the leading performance bottleneck of high-end/high-performance computing. Prefetching is an effective solution to masking the gap between computing speed and data-access speed. Existing works of prefetching, however, are very conservative in general, due to the computing power consumption concern of the past. They suffer in effectiveness especially when applications' access pattern changes. In this study, we propose an Algorithm-level Feedback-controlled Adaptive (AFA) data prefetcher to address these issues. The AFA prefetcher is based on the Data-Access History Cache, a hardware structure that is specifically designed for data prefetching. It provides an algorithm-level adaptation and is capable of dynamically adapting to appropriate prefetching algorithms at runtime. We have conducted extensive simulation testing with Simple Scalar simulator to validate the design and to illustrate the performance gain. The simulation results show that AFA prefetcher is effective and achieves considerable IPC (Instructions Per Cycle) improvement in average.",
        "keywords": [
            "appropriate prefetching algorithm",
            "data prefetching",
            "data-access speed",
            "high-performance computing",
            "high-performance processors",
            "data-access technology",
            "leading performance bottleneck",
            "adaptive data prefetcher",
            "effective solution",
            "computer architecture",
            "computing power consumption concern",
            "processor speed",
            "afa prefetcher",
            "extensive simulation testing",
            "memory wall",
            "algorithm design and analysis",
            "history",
            "indexes",
            "cache memory",
            "computer science",
            "hardware",
            "computational modeling",
            "data access",
            "measurement",
            "instructions per cycle",
            "radiation detectors",
            "pollution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiyu Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CCGrid",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "QQ6iswQv": {
        "id": "QQ6iswQv",
        "title": "CHAIO: Enabling HPC Applications on Data-Intensive File Systems",
        "abstract": "The computing paradigm of \"HPC in the Cloud\" has gained a surging interest in recent years, due to its merits of cost-efficiency, flexibility, and scalability. Cloud is designed on top of distributed file systems such as Google file system (GFS). The capability of running HPC applications on top of data-intensive file systems is a critical catalyst in promoting Clouds for HPC. However, the semantic gap between data-intensive file systems and HPC imposes numerous challenges. For example, N-1 (N to 1) is a widely used data access pattern for HPC applications such as check pointing, but cannot perform well on data-intensive file systems. In this study, we propose the CHunk-Aware I/O (CHAIO) strategy to enable efficient N-1 data access on data-intensive distributed file systems. CHAIO reorganizes I/O requests to favor data-intensive file systems and avoid possible access contention. It balances the workload distribution and promotes data locality. We have tested the CHAIO design over the Kosmos file system (KFS). Experimental results show that CHAIO achieves a more than two-fold improvement in I/O bandwidth for both write and read operations. Experiments in large-scale environment confirm the potential of CHAIO for small and irregular requests. The aggregator selection algorithm works well to balance the workload distribution. CHAIO is a critical and necessary step to enable HPC in the Cloud.",
        "keywords": [
            "file system",
            "data-intensive file systems",
            "google file system",
            "o bandwidth",
            "hpc application",
            "n-1 data access",
            "chaio design",
            "kosmos file system",
            "enabling hpc applications",
            "data-intensive file system",
            "o request",
            "workload distribution",
            "cloud computing",
            "distributed file system",
            "servers",
            "distributed databases",
            "hardware",
            "concurrent computing",
            "semantics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiayu Ji",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "oCsp9LrY": {
        "id": "oCsp9LrY",
        "title": "A layout-aware optimization strategy for collective I/O",
        "abstract": "In this study, we propose an optimization strategy to promote a better integration of the parallel I/O middleware and parallel file systems. We illustrate that a layout-aware optimization strategy can improve the performance of current collective I/O in parallel I/O system. We present the motivation, prototype design and initial verification of the proposed layout-aware optimization strategy. The analytical and initial experimental testing results demonstrate that the proposed strategy has a potential in improving the parallel I/O system performance.",
        "keywords": [
            "initial experimental testing result",
            "parallel file system",
            "o system performance",
            "o middleware",
            "layout-aware optimization strategy",
            "proposed layout-aware optimization strategy",
            "optimization strategy",
            "proposed strategy",
            "o system",
            "initial verification",
            "system performance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiming Song",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": "Argonne National Laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "HPDC",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "05EcJy4x": {
        "id": "05EcJy4x",
        "title": "Data layout optimization for petascale file systems",
        "abstract": "In this study, the authors propose a simple performance model to promote a better integration between the parallel I/O middleware layer and parallel file systems. They show that application-specific data layout optimization can improve overall data access delay considerably for many applications. Implementation results under MPI-IO middleware and PVFS2 file system confirm the correctness and effectiveness of their approach, and demonstrate the potential of data layout optimization in petascale data storage.",
        "keywords": [
            "parallel file system",
            "petascale file system",
            "overall data access delay",
            "implementation result",
            "mpi-io middleware",
            "o middleware layer",
            "parallel file systems",
            "parallel i/o",
            "data layout optimization",
            "pvfs2 file system",
            "better integration",
            "data layout",
            "petascale data storage",
            "application-specific data layout optimization",
            "data storage",
            "data access",
            "middleware"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanlong Yin",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the 4th Annual Workshop on Petascale Data Storage",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "RD5C3Uxq": {
        "id": "RD5C3Uxq",
        "title": "Performance model-directed data sieving for high-performance I/O",
        "abstract": "Many scientific computing applications and engineering simulations exhibit noncontiguous I/O access patterns. Data sieving is an important technique to improve the performance of noncontiguous I/O accesses by combining small and noncontiguous requests into a large and contiguous request. It has been proven effective even though more data are potentially accessed than demanded. In this study, we propose a new data sieving approach namely performance model-directed data sieving, or PMD data sieving in short. It improves the existing data sieving approach from two aspects: (1) dynamically determines when it is beneficial to perform data sieving; and (2) dynamically determines how to perform data sieving if beneficial. It improves the performance of the existing data sieving approach considerably and reduces the memory consumption as verified by both theoretical analysis and experimental results. Given the importance of supporting noncontiguous accesses effectively and reducing the memory pressure in a large-scale system, the proposed PMD data sieving approach in this research holds a great promise and will have an impact on high-performance I/O systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "Data sieving",
            "Runtime systems",
            "Parallel I/O",
            "Libraries",
            "Parallel file systems",
            "High-performance computing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA 79409"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yin Lu",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA 79409"
            },
            {
                "name": "Prathamesh Amritkar",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA 79409"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": "Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA 60439"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Zhuang",
                "org": "Computer Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA 79409"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of Supercomputing",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "EUWtqfPC": {
        "id": "EUWtqfPC",
        "title": "Improving the Effectiveness of Context-Based Prefetching with Multi-order Analysis",
        "abstract": "Data prefetching is an effective way to accelerate data access in high-end computing systems and to bridge the increasing performance gap between processor and memory. In recent years, the contextbased data prefetching has received intensive attention because of its general applicability. In this study, we provide a preliminary analysis of the impact of orders on the effectiveness of the context-based prefetching. Motivated by the observations from the analytical results, we propose a new context-based prefetching method named Multi-Order Context-based (MOC) prefetching to adopt multi-order context analysis to increase the context-based prefetching effectiveness. We have carried out simulation testing with the SPECCPU2006 benchmarks via an enhanced CMP$im simulator. The simulation results show that the proposed MOC prefetching method outperforms the existing single-order prefetching and reduces the data-access latency effectively.",
        "keywords": [
            "multi-order context analysis",
            "proposed moc prefetching method",
            "contextbased data prefetching",
            "context-based prefetching",
            "existing single-order prefetching",
            "preliminary analysis",
            "data prefetching",
            "context-based prefetching effectiveness",
            "data access",
            "new context-based prefetching method",
            "multi-order analysis",
            "benchmark testing",
            "indexes",
            "information retrieval",
            "history",
            "radiation detectors",
            "accuracy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiyu Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP Workshops",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "QWW5EVBo": {
        "id": "QWW5EVBo",
        "title": "Runtime system design of decoupled execution paradigm for data-intensive high-end computing.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "task analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kun Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanlong Yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hassan Eslami",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William Gropp",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CLUSTER",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "phraTtMf": {
        "id": "phraTtMf",
        "title": "Improving Data Access Performance with Server Push Architecture",
        "abstract": "Data prefetching, where data is fetched before CPU demands for it, has been considered as an effective solution to mask data access latency. However, the current client-initiated prefetching strategies do not work well for applications with complex, non-contiguous data access patterns. While technology advances continue to enlarge the gap between computing and data access performance, trading computing power for data access delay has become a natural choice. We propose a server- based data-push approach. In this server-push architecture, a dedicated server named Data Push Server (DPS) initiates and proactively pushes data closer to the client in time. We present the DPS architecture and study the issues such as what data to fetch, when to fetch, how to push, and data access modeling.",
        "keywords": [
            "computer architecture",
            "information retrieval",
            "multicore processing",
            "prediction algorithms",
            "history",
            "data access",
            "iron",
            "computer science",
            "sun"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xian-he Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Surendra Byna",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IPDPS",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "qQFqMV5p": {
        "id": "qQFqMV5p",
        "title": "Fast data analysis with integrated statistical metadata in scientific datasets",
        "abstract": "Scientific datasets and libraries, such as HDF5, ADIOS, and NetCDF, have been used widely in many data-intensive applications. These libraries have their special file formats and I/O functions to provide efficient access to large datasets. Recent studies have started to utilize indexing, subsetting, and data reorganization to manage the increasingly large datasets. In this work, we present an approach to boost the data analysis performance, namely Fast Analysis with Statistical Metadata (FASM), via data subsetting and integrating a small amount of statistics into the original datasets. The added statistical information illustrates the data shape and provides knowledge of the data distribution; therefore the original I/O libraries can utilize these statistical metadata to perform fast queries and analyses. Various subsetting schemes can affect the access pattern and the I/O performance. We present a comparison study of different subsetting schemes by focusing on three dominant factors, the shape, the concurrency, and the locality. The added statistical metadata slightly increases the original data size, and we evaluate the cost and trade-off as well. This work is the first study that utilizes statistical metadata with various subsetting schemes to perform fast queries and analyses on large datasets. The proposed FASM approach is currently evaluated with the PnetCDF on Lustre file systems, but can also be implemented with other scientific libraries. The FASM can potentially lead to a new dataset design and can have an impact on big data analysis.",
        "keywords": [
            "parallel processing",
            "scientific application",
            "access pattern",
            "fasm approach",
            "integrated statistical metadata",
            "big data",
            "i/o performance",
            "scientific datasets",
            "scientific libraries",
            "big data analysis",
            "data analysis performance",
            "data analysis",
            "data format",
            "fast analysis with statistical metadata",
            "high performance computing",
            "pnetcdf",
            "fast analysis",
            "data-intensive computing",
            "lustre file systems",
            "data subsetting",
            "essential support",
            "meta data",
            "storage systems",
            "statistical metadata",
            "scientific discovery",
            "fasm",
            "fast data analysis",
            "statistical techniques"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international conference on parallel processing",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "vnCvAsh0": {
        "id": "vnCvAsh0",
        "title": "DOSAS: Mitigating the Resource Contention in Active Storage Systems",
        "abstract": "Active storage provides an effective method to mitigate the I/O bottleneck problem of data intensive high performance computing applications. It can reduce the amount of data transferred as the application runs by moving appropriate computations close to the data. Prior research has achieved considerable progress in developing several active storage prototypes. However, existing studies have neglected the impact of resource contention when concurrent processes request IOoperations from the same storage node simultaneously, which happens frequently in practice. In this paper, we analyze the impact of resource contention on active storage systems. Motivated by our analysis, we propose a novel Dynamic Operation Scheduling Active Storage architecture to address the resource contention issue. It offloads the active processing operations dynamically between storage nodes and compute nodes according to the system environment. By evaluating our architecture, we observed that: (1) resource contention is a critical problem for active storage systems, (2) the proposed dynamic operation scheduling method mitigates the problem, and (3) the new active storage architecture outperforms existing active storage systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "active storage systems",
            "active storage architecture",
            "resource contention",
            "active processing operations dynamically",
            "storage node",
            "active storage system",
            "resource contention issue",
            "active storage prototype",
            "new active storage architecture",
            "o bottleneck problem",
            "active storage",
            "artificial intelligence",
            "computational modeling",
            "nickel",
            "computer architecture",
            "dynamic scheduling",
            "data intensive computing",
            "high performance computing",
            "kernel"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CLUSTER",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "IBKoQ3mv": {
        "id": "IBKoQ3mv",
        "title": "Using pattern-models to guide SSD deployment for Big Data applications in HPC systems",
        "abstract": "Flash-memory based Solid State Drives (SSDs) embrace higher performance and lower power consumption compared to traditional storage devices (HDDs). These benefits are needed in HPC systems, especially with the growing demand of supporting Big Data applications. In this paper, we study placement and deployment strategies of SSDs in HPC systems to maximize the performance improvement, given a practical fixed hardware budget constraint. We propose a pattern-model approach to guide SSD deployment for HPC systems through two steps; characterizing workload and mapping deployment strategy. The first step is responsible for characterizing the access patterns of the workload and the second step contributes the actual deployment recommendation for Parallel File System (PFS) configuration combining with an analytical model. We have carried out initial experimental tests and the results confirmed that the proposed approach can guide placement of SSDs in HPC systems for accelerating data accesses. Our research will be helpful in guiding designs and developments for Big Data applications in current and projected HPC systems including exascale systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "power consumption",
            "storage devices",
            "exascale systems",
            "fixed hardware budget constraint",
            "performance improvement",
            "flash memory",
            "big data applications",
            "ssd deployment",
            "pattern models",
            "hybrid storage systems",
            "pfs configuration",
            "data handling",
            "performance evaluation",
            "parallel file system",
            "big data",
            "high performance computing",
            "hdd",
            "solid state drives",
            "flash memories",
            "hpc systems",
            "pattern model approach"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junjie Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BigData Conference",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "tGK4BHj7": {
        "id": "tGK4BHj7",
        "title": "A low-cost adaptive data separation method for the flash translation layer of solid state drives.",
        "abstract": "Solid state drives (SSDs) have shown great potential for data-intensive computing due to their much higher throughput and lower energy consumption compared to traditional hard disk drives. Within an SSD, its Flash Translation Layer (FTL) is responsible for exposing the SSD's flash memory storage to the computer system as a simple block device. The FTL design is one of the dominant factors determining an SSD's lifespan and the amount of performance degradation. To deliver better performance, we propose a new, low-cost, adaptive separation-aware flash translation layer (ASA-FTL) that combines data clustering and selective caching of recency information to accurately identify and separate hot/cold data while incurring minimal overhead. Using simulations of ASA-FTL with real-world workloads, we have shown that our proposed approach reduces the garbage collection overhead by up to 28% and the overall response time by 15% compared to one of the most advanced existing FTLs.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DISCS@SC",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "GLOQStZ2": {
        "id": "GLOQStZ2",
        "title": "Parallel-DFTL: A Flash Translation Layer That Exploits Internal Parallelism in Solid State Drives.",
        "abstract": "Solid State Drives (SSDs) using flash memory storage technology present a promising storage solution for data-intensive applications due to their low latency, high bandwidth, and low power consumption compared to traditional hard disk drives. SSDs achieve these desirable characteristics using internal parallelism - parallel access to multiple internal flash memory chips - and a Flash Translation Layer (FTL) that determines where data is stored on those chips so that they do not wear out prematurely. Unfortunately, current state-of- the-art cache-based FTLs like the Demand-based Flash Translation Layer (DFTL) do not allow IO schedulers to take full advantage of internal parallelism because they impose a tight coupling between the logical-to-physical address translation and the data access. In this work, we propose an innovative IO scheduling policy called Parallel-DFTL that works with the DFTL to break the coupled address translation operations from data accesses. Parallel-DFTL schedules address translation and data access operations separately, allowing the SSD to use its flash access channel resources concurrently and fully for both types of operations. We present a performance model of FTL schemes that predicts the benefit of Parallel-DFTL against DFTL. We implemented our approach in an SSD simulator using real SSD device parameters, and used trace-driven simulation to evaluate its efficacy. Parallel-DFTL improved overall performance by up to 32% for the real IO workloads we tested, and up to two orders of magnitude for our synthetic test workloads. It is also found that Parallel-DFTL is able to achieve reasonable performance with a very small cache size.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "NAS",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "HdZkaIMW": {
        "id": "HdZkaIMW",
        "title": "Exploiting Internal Parallelism for Address Translation in Solid-State Drives.",
        "abstract": "Solid-state Drives (SSDs) have changed the landscape of storage systems and present a promising storage solution for data-intensive applications due to their low latency, high bandwidth, and low power consumption compared to traditional hard disk drives. SSDs achieve these desirable characteristics using internal parallelism—parallel access to multiple internal flash memory chips—and a Flash Translation Layer (FTL) that determines where data are stored on those chips so that they do not wear out prematurely. However, current state-of-the-art cache-based FTLs like the Demand-based Flash Translation Layer (DFTL) do not allow IO schedulers to take full advantage of internal parallelism, because they impose a tight coupling between the logical-to-physical address translation and the data access. To address this limitation, we introduce a new FTL design called Parallel-DFTL that works with the DFTL to decouple address translation operations from data accesses. Parallel-DFTL separates address translation and data access operations into different queues, allowing the SSD to use concurrent flash accesses for both types of operations. We also present a Parallel-LRU cache replacement algorithm to improve the concurrency of address translation operations. To compare Parallel-DFTL against existing FTL approaches, we present a Parallel-DFTL performance model and compare its predictions against those for DFTL and an ideal page-mapping approach. We also implemented the Parallel-DFTL approach in an SSD simulator using real device parameters, and used trace-driven simulation to evaluate Parallel-DFTL’s efficacy. Our evaluation results show that Parallel-DFTL improved the overall performance by up to 32% for the real IO workloads we tested, and by up to two orders of magnitude with synthetic test workloads. We also found that Parallel-DFTL is able to achieve reasonable performance with a very small cache size and that it provides the best benefit for those workloads with large request size or with high write ratio.\n\n",
        "keywords": [
            "DFTL",
            " Flash translation layer",
            " SSD",
            " address translation",
            " parallelism"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "TOS",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ttpP3E9B": {
        "id": "ttpP3E9B",
        "title": "Segmented In-Advance Data Analytics for Fast Scientific Discovery",
        "abstract": "Scientific discovery usually involves data generation, data preprocessing, data storage and data analysis. As the data volume exceeds a few terabytes (TB) in a single simulation run, the data movement, which happens during each cycle of the scientific discovery, continues to be the bottleneck in most scientific big data applications. A lot of research works have been conducted on reducing the data movement. Among the existing efforts and based on our previous research, reusing the analysis results shows a significant potential in optimizing the data movement between analysis operations. In this work, we propose the Segmented In- Advance (SIA) data analytics approach for optimizing the data movement and we also provide a cloud-based elastic distributed in-memory database to manage the intermediate analysis results. The fundamental idea of this Segmented In-Advance approach is to analyze the history operations and to predict the future interesting analytics operations. The predicted analysis operation is in-advance performed on the finer segmented dataset and the segmented results are distributed in an in-memory key-value store for future reuse. The evaluation shows that the segmented in-advance data analytics approach achieves 1.2X-6.1X speedup. The evaluation also shows a good scalability of the in-memory distributed data store. The proposed Segmented In-Advance data analytics approach is a promising data movement reduction solution for scientific big data applications and fast scientific discovery.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": "Jialin Liu is with the Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas, USA.(email: jaln.liu@ttu.edu)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "cPp0F25V": {
        "id": "cPp0F25V",
        "title": "ASA-FTL: An adaptive separation aware flash translation layer for solid state drives.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The flash-memory based Solid State Drive (SSD) presents a promising storage solution for increasingly critical data-intensive applications due to its low latency (high throughput), high bandwidth, and low power consumption. Within an SSD, its Flash Translation Layer (FTL) is responsible for exposing the SSD’s flash memory storage to the computer system as a simple block device. The FTL design is one of the dominant factors determining an SSD’s lifespan and performance. To reduce the garbage collection overhead and deliver better performance, we propose a new, low-cost, adaptive separation-aware flash translation layer (ASA-FTL) that combines sampling, data clustering and selective caching of recency information to accurately identify and separate hot/cold data while incurring minimal overhead. We use sampling for light-weight identification of separation criteria, and our dedicated selective caching mechanism is designed to save the limited RAM resource in contemporary SSDs. Using simulations of ASA-FTL with both real-world and synthetic workloads, we have shown that our proposed approach reduces the garbage collection overhead by up to 28% and the overall response time by 15% compared to one of the most advanced existing FTLs. We find that the data clustering using a small sample size provides significant performance benefit while only incurring a very small computation and memory cost. In addition, our evaluation shows that ASA-FTL is able to adapt to the changes in the access pattern of workloads, which is a major advantage comparing to existing fixed data separation methods.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": "Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Parallel Computing",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "z3zCfpAW": {
        "id": "z3zCfpAW",
        "title": "A Cache Management Scheme for Hiding Garbage Collection Latency in Flash-Based Solid State Drives",
        "abstract": "Recent advancements in flash-based solid state drive (SSD) make it a highly desirable storage device, especially for data-intensive applications. There are significant more SSDs used in data centers and high performance computing systems. SSDs perform one or two orders better than traditional hard disk drives generally. However, the performance of random writes on SSDs, especially small random writes, is still largely limited due to the garbage collection (GC) process. Existing work tried to utilize the on-device RAM as a write cache to improve the write performance, however directly utilizing it as a normal write cache under utilizes the RAM cache. In this poster, we present our initial study of a cache management scheme that hides the GC latency.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cluster Computing",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "eJoYSr6A": {
        "id": "eJoYSr6A",
        "title": "Pipelining Computation and Optimization Strategies for Scaling GROMACS on the Sunway Many-Core Processor.",
        "abstract": "The increasing gap between plentiful computing elements and limited memory bandwidth makes it increasingly difficult and sometimes even infeasible for HPC community to port more applications onto many-core processor architectures. The Sunway many-core processor SW26010 used to build the Sunway TaihuLight System contains a total of 260 heterogeneous cores. All these cores can be divided into 4 core groups (CGs). Each CG includes a Management Processing Element (MPE) core and 64 Computing Processing Elements (CPEs) cores. In this paper, we refactor an important molecular dynamics (MD) application GROMACS on the Sunway Taihulight system. By rewriting the compute-intensive kernel of GROMACS, we exploit a suitable parallelism for CPE cluster and implement pipelining computation between MPE and CPE cluster. Optimization strategies including the efficient use of scratchpad, the software-emulated cache and a hybrid parallel algorithm are adopted to solve the challenging memory bandwidth limitation. When comparing the refactored version using MPE and 64 CPEs with the original ported version using only MPE, we achieve a 16x speedup for the compute-intensive kernel. For simulating a molecule with 3 million atoms, we currently have managed to scale to 798,720 cores. Moreover, we analyze the adaptability of our mapping and optimization strategies for solving the memory bandwidth limitation when refactoring a real-world application on the Sunway heterogeneous many-core processor system.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yu",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong An",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junshi Chen",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weihao Liang",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingqing Xu",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICA3PP",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "tSSF9weB": {
        "id": "tSSF9weB",
        "title": "Refactoring the Molecular Docking Simulation for Heterogeneous, Manycore Processors Systems.",
        "abstract": "This paper presents a scalable design and implementation of the molecular docking application DOCK for a large-scale high performance computing system, the Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer, which provisions a heterogeneous, manycore processor architecture that consists of management processing elements (MPEs) and clusters of computing processing elements (CPEs). The key innovation is a novel refactoring of DOCK on the CPEs. Optimization techniques for data redundancy minimization to fit data in cache, software-controlled prefetching into scratchpads, memory access coalescing, software caches, vectorization and loop unrolling are employed to improve the exploitation of the computational resources. For a single docking process, the refactored version using both the MPE and CPE cluster achieved 260x to 402x speedup compared against the original ported version using MPE only. To scale the DOCK to the full Sunway Taihulight system with 10,649,600 cores (including all MPE and CPE cores), we present an MPI communication domain partition scheme as well. For docking 9 million small compounds to a Zika virus target protein, we manage to scale to 131,072 MPEs, and 8,388,608 CPEs, with a total of 8,519,680 cores.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junshi Chen",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Han Lin",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weihao Liang",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yu",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenting Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong An",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISPA/IUCC",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "F9sdp0b5": {
        "id": "F9sdp0b5",
        "title": "Automated Performance Modeling Based on Runtime Feature Detection and Machine Learning.",
        "abstract": "Automated performance modeling and performance prediction of parallel programs are highly valuable in many use cases, such as in guiding task management and job scheduling, offering insights of application behaviors, assisting resource requirement estimation, etc. The performance of parallel programs is affected by numerous factors, including but not limited to hardware, system software, applications, algorithms, and input parameters, thus an accurate performance prediction is often a challenging and daunting task. In this study, we focus on automatically predicting the execution time of parallel programs (more specifically, MPI programs) with different inputs, at different scale, and without domain knowledge. We model the correlation between the execution time and domain-independent runtime features. These features include values of variables, counters of branches, loops, and MPI communications. Through automatically instrumenting an MPI program, each execution of the program will output a feature vector and its corresponding execution time. After collecting data from executions with different inputs, a random forest machine learning approach is used to build an empirical performance model, which can predict the execution time of the program with a new input. Our experiments and analyses of three parallel programs, Graph500, GalaxSee and SMG2000, on three different systems show that our method performs well, with less than 20% error in predictions on average.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiyan Zhan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangzhong Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISPA/IUCC",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "aZ0GYePB": {
        "id": "aZ0GYePB",
        "title": "A Dataflow-Based Runtime Support on a 100P Actual System.",
        "abstract": "Chips equipped with numerous simple cores and heterogeneous computing resources have become mainstream in the present supercomputer system design. However, for many real-world scientific applications, off-the-shelf parallel models canu0027t adapt to such architecture effectively, which leads to challenges of both designing program and exploiting system performance. To solve this problem, a fine-grained and event-driven program execution model, Codelet, is proposed, which is based on the data flow method. By providing a runtime support between system interfaces and Codelet-based applications, fine-grained parallelism can be exploited and high utilization of computing resources can be obtained. Therefore, in this paper, we design and implement a dataflow-based runtime support, SunwayFlow, on a 100P actual system---the Sunway TaihuLight, the supercomputer system with the highest computing performance in the world so far, to provide a user-friendly and promising solution to utilize this supercomputer fully. To evaluate the efficiency of SunwayFlow, we choose HPCG as the case study and refactor it onto SunwayFlow. We rewrite main computing kernels of HPCG carefully, especially the most time-consuming and intricate one, the symmetric Gauss-Seidel relaxation function, where a speedup of 11.79X is achieved. Moreover, the whole HPCG performance reaches 2.47 GFlops on a single core group and 534.98 GFlops on 256 core groups.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhichao Su",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junshi Chen",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Han Lin",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong An",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenting Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yu",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenzhi Liao",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISPA/IUCC",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Rf4HVwBi": {
        "id": "Rf4HVwBi",
        "title": "CARS: A Contention-Aware Scheduler for Efficient Resource Management of HPC Storage Systems",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weihao Liang",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jialin Liu",
                "org": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong An",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "parallel computing",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "I1XNuDXi": {
        "id": "I1XNuDXi",
        "title": "Hierarchical Consistent Hashing for Heterogeneous Object-Based Storage.",
        "abstract": "Distributed storage systems play an increasingly critical role in data centers to meet the ever-increasing data growth demand. Heterogeneous storage systems, with the coexistence of hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid state drives (SSDs), can be an attractive distributed store solution due to the balanced performance, large capacity, and economic cost. The consistent hashing distribution algorithm that is widely used in distributed storage systems can achieve scalable and flexible mappings, but do not take full advantages of different characteristics of heterogeneous devices. In this research, we propose a hierarchical consistent hashing (HiCH) algorithm to better manage data distribution in a heterogeneous object-based storage system and better explore the potential of heterogeneous devices. HiCH divides heterogeneous storage devices into different buckets and applies separate consistent hashing rings for each bucket. It places data into various hashing rings according to the hotness, access time, and other data access patterns. The evaluation based on the Sheepdog, a distributed objectbased storage system, confirms that HiCH can improve the performance of storage systems, and also make better utilization of heterogeneous storage devices.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zhou",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Gu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Trustcom/BigDataSE/ISPA",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "v5i544n5": {
        "id": "v5i544n5",
        "title": "Pattern-Directed Replication Scheme for Heterogeneous Object-based Storage.",
        "abstract": "Data replication is a key technique to achieve data availability, reliability, and optimized performance in distributed storage systems and data centers. In recent years, with the emergence of new storage devices, heterogeneous object-based storage system, such as a storage system with the co-existence of hard disk drives and solid state drives, have become increasingly attractive as they combine merits of different storage devices to deliver better promise. However, existing data replication schemes do not place data based on heterogeneous device characteristics as well as considering distinct data access patterns. In this paper, we introduce a novel data replication scheme PRS to achieve efficient data replication for heterogeneous storage systems. Different from traditional schemes, the PRS groups objects according to data access patterns and distributes replicas to heterogeneous devices with their features. It uses a pseudo random algorithm to optimize replica layout by considering storage device performance and capacity. The experimental results confirm that PRS is a highly efficient replication scheme for heterogeneous storage systems.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Dai",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CCGrid",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Ck8lFDwc": {
        "id": "Ck8lFDwc",
        "title": "Elastic Consistent Hashing for Distributed Storage Systems.",
        "abstract": "Elastic distributed storage systems have been increasingly studied in recent years because power consumption has become a major problem in data centers. Much progress has been made in improving the agility of resizing small- and large-scale distributed storage systems. However, most of these studies focus on metadata based distributed storage systems. On the other hand, emerging consistent hashing based distributed storage systems are considered to allow better scalability and are highly attractive. We identify challenges in achieving elasticity in consistent hashing based distributed storage. These challenges cannot be easily solved by techniques used in current studies. In this paper, we propose an elastic consistent hashing based distributed storage to solve two problems. First, in order to allow a distributed storage to resize quickly, we modify the data placement algorithm using a primary server design and achieve an equal-work data layout. Second, we propose a selective data re-integration technique to reduce the performance impact when resizing a cluster. Our experimental and trace analysis results confirm that our proposed elastic consistent hashing works effectively and allows significantly better elasticity.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IPDPS",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "wxb9CpYL": {
        "id": "wxb9CpYL",
        "title": "Atributed consistent hashing for heterogeneous storage systems.",
        "abstract": "Storage systems are critical building blocks of high-end computing systems and data centers. They demand the flexibility to distribute data effectively and provide high I/O performance. The consistent hashing algorithm is widely used in parallel/distributed file systems due to its decentralized design, scalability, and adaptability to node changes. However, it lacks efficiency in a heterogeneous environment where different storage devices, e.g. hard disk drives and solid state drives, co-exist. In this study, we propose an  attributed consistent hashing (attributedCH) , to overcome this deficiency. AttributedCH manages heterogeneous nodes on a consistent hashing ring and maintains attributes for each node to characterize distinct node features. It divides the hash ring into sectors and selects nodes from the sector with a comprehensive selection strategy. By considering different attributes, attributedCH achieves adaptive and efficient data placement for heterogeneous storage systems. We have carried out extensive evaluations and the evaluation results confirm that the attributedCH overcomes the deficiency of existing consistent hashing algorithms well and is particularly suitable for heterogeneous storage systems.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zhou",
                "org": "Texas Tech University and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiping Wang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PACT",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "oiVqsjkQ": {
        "id": "oiVqsjkQ",
        "title": "Two-mode data distribution scheme for heterogeneous storage in data centers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zhou",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark Reyes",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jason Noble",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Big Data",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "GEczjMfl": {
        "id": "GEczjMfl",
        "title": "MAMS: A Highly Reliable Policy for Metadata Service.",
        "abstract": "Most mass data processing applications nowadays often need long, continuous, and uninterrupted data access. Parallel/distributed file systems often use multiple metadata servers to manage the global namespace and provide a reliability guarantee. With the rapid increase of data amount and system scale, the probability of hardware or software failures keeps increasing, which easily leads to multiple points of failures. Metadata service reliability has become a crucial issue as it affects file and directory operations in the event of failures. Existing reliable metadata management mechanisms can provide fault tolerance but have disadvantages in system availability, state consistence, and performance overhead. This paper introduces a new highly reliable policy called MAMS (multiple actives multiple standbys) to ensure multiple metadata service reliability in file systems. Different from traditional strategies, the MAMS divides metadata servers into different replica groups and maintains more than one standby node for failover in each group. Combining the global view with distributed protocols, the MAMS achieves an automatic state transition and service takeover. We have implemented the MAMS policy in a prototyping file system and conducted extensive tests to validate and evaluate it. The experimental results confirm that the MAMS policy can achieve a faster transparent fault tolerance in different error scenarios with less influence on metadata operations. Compared with typical designs in Hadoop Avatar, Hadoop HA, and Boom-FS file systems, the mean time to recovery (MTTR) with the MAMS was reduced by 80.23%, 65.46% and 28.13%, respectively.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiping Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Meng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPP",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "CGzZLRrS": {
        "id": "CGzZLRrS",
        "title": "A virtual shared metadata storage for HDFS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zhou",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "texas tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyan Gu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiping Wang",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Meng",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE NAS - Networking, Architecture, and Storage",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "nsMFtzL6": {
        "id": "nsMFtzL6",
        "title": "SUORA: A Scalable and Uniform Data Distribution Algorithm for Heterogeneous Storage Systems.",
        "abstract": "The data scale in many data centers is growing explosively with emerging applications and usages of big data technologies. Data distribution is a key issue in large-scale distributed storage systems to place petabytes of data or even beyond, among tens or hundreds of thousands of storage devices. In the meantime, heterogeneous storage systems, such as those having devices with hard disk drives (HDDs) and storage class memories (SCMs), have become increasingly popular for massive data storage due to balanced performance, capacity, and cost. Current data distribution algorithms can achieve efficient, scalable, and balanced mapping, but do not distinguish different characteristics of heterogeneous devices well. This paper presents a novel data distribution algorithm called SUORA (Scalable and Uniform storage via Optimally-adaptive and Random number Addressing), to take full advantage of heterogeneous devices. SUORA is a pseudo-random algorithm that uniformly distributes data cross a hybrid and tiered storage cluster. It divides heterogeneous devices, maps them onto different buckets and assigns them to various segments in each bucket. A pseudo-random and deterministic number sequence is generated to map data among segments and devices. Data movement is performed for achieving better read throughput while keeping load balance according to data hotness and bucket threshold. With considering distinct characteristics of heterogeneous storage devices well, the SUORA algorithm achieves a highly efficient adaptive data distribution for data centers and heterogeneous storage systems.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jason Noble",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kace Echo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "NAS",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "LNiUPlMd": {
        "id": "LNiUPlMd",
        "title": "Algorithm-level Feedback-controlled Adaptive data prefetcher: Accelerating data access for high-performance processors",
        "abstract": "The rapid advance of processor architectures such as the emerged multicore architectures and the substantially increased computing capability on chip have put more pressure on the sluggish memory systems than ever. In the meantime, many applications become more and more data intensive. Data-access delay, not the processor speed, becomes the leading performance bottleneck of high-performance computing. Data prefetching is an effective solution to accelerating applications' data access and bridging the growing gap between computing speed and data-access speed. Existing works of prefetching, however, are very conservative in general, due to the computing power consumption concern of the past. They suffer low effectiveness especially when applications' access pattern changes. In this study, we propose an Algorithm-level Feedback-controlled Adaptive (AFA) data prefetcher to address these issues. The AFA prefetcher is based on the Data-Access History Cache, a hardware structure that is specifically designed for data access acceleration. It provides an algorithm-level adaptation and is capable of dynamically adapting to appropriate prefetching algorithms at runtime. We have conducted extensive simulation testing with the SimpleScalar simulator to validate the design and to analyze the performance gain. The simulation results show that the AFA prefetcher is effective and achieves considerable IPC (Instructions Per Cycle) improvement for 21 representative SPEC-CPU benchmarks.",
        "keywords": [
            "algorithm-level feedback-controlled adaptive data",
            "high-performance processor",
            "accelerating data access",
            "data-access speed",
            "data access",
            "processor speed",
            "afa prefetcher",
            "access pattern change",
            "data access acceleration",
            "computing power consumption concern",
            "high-performance computing",
            "data prefetching",
            "appropriate prefetching algorithm"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiyu Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, United States"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Parallel Computing",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "dxWPiquq": {
        "id": "dxWPiquq",
        "title": "Cost-intelligent application-specific data layout optimization for parallel file systems",
        "abstract": "Parallel file systems have been developed in recent years to ease the I/O bottleneck of high-end computing system. These advanced file systems offer several data layout strategies in order to meet the performance goals of specific I/O workloads. However, while a layout policy may perform well on some I/O workload, it may not perform as well for another. Peak I/O performance is rarely achieved due to the complex data access patterns. Data access is application dependent. In this study, a cost-intelligent data access strategy based on the application-specific optimization principle is proposed. This strategy improves the I/O performance of parallel file systems. We first present examples to illustrate the difference of performance under different data layouts. By developing a cost model which estimates the completion time of data accesses in various data layouts, the layout can better match the application. Static layout optimization can be used for applications with dominant data access patterns, and dynamic layout selection with hybrid replications can be used for applications with complex I/O patterns. Theoretical analysis and experimental testing have been conducted to verify the proposed cost-intelligent layout approach. Analytical and experimental results show that the proposed cost model is effective and the application-specific data layout approach can provide up to a 74% performance improvement for data-intensive applications.",
        "keywords": [
            "Data layout",
            "I/O performance modeling",
            "Parallel file systems",
            "Parallel I/O",
            "Data-intensive computing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaiming Song",
                "org": "R&D Center, Dawning Information Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing, China 100084"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanlong Yin",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA 60616"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA 79409"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, USA 60616"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cluster Computing",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "7pqBQxQa": {
        "id": "7pqBQxQa",
        "title": "Global-aware and multi-order context-based prefetching for high-performance processors",
        "abstract": "Data prefetching is widely used in high-end computing systems to accelerate data accesses and to bridge the increasing performance gap between processor and memory. Context-based prefetching has become a primary focus of study in recent years due to its general applicability. However, current context-based prefetchers only adopt the context analysis of a single order, which suffers from low prefetching coverage and thus limits the overall prefetching effectiveness. Also, existing approaches usually consider the context of the address stream from a single instruction but not the context of the address stream from all instructions, which further limits the context-based prefetching effectiveness. In this study, we propose a new context-based prefetcher called the Global-aware and Multi-order Context-based (GMC) prefetcher. The GMC prefetcher uses multi-order, local and global context analysis to increase prefetching coverage while maintaining prefetching accuracy. In extensive simulation testing of the SPEC-CPU2006 benchmarks with an enhanced CMP$im simulator, the proposed GMC prefetcher was shown to outperform existing prefetchers and to reduce the data-access latency effectively. The average Instructions Per Cycle (IPC) improvement of SPEC CINT2006 and CFP2006 benchmarks with GMC prefetching was over 55% and 44% respectively.",
        "keywords": [
            "gmc prefetcher",
            "context-based prefetching",
            "high-performance processor",
            "prefetching coverage",
            "prefetching accuracy",
            "low prefetching coverage",
            "overall prefetching effectiveness",
            "address stream",
            "data prefetching",
            "gmc prefetching",
            "context-based prefetching effectiveness",
            "multi-order context-based prefetching",
            "data intensive computing",
            "processor architecture",
            "accuracy",
            "simulation",
            "instructions per cycle",
            "data access",
            "performance",
            "testing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaiyu Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip C. Roth",
                "org": "Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Jin",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IJHPCA",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "PZ3onv4B": {
        "id": "PZ3onv4B",
        "title": "Development of a Variable-Rate Sprayer with Laser Scanning Sensor to Synchronize Spray Outputs to Tree Structures",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huaiyu zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h e ozkan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "7WvGvWoF": {
        "id": "7WvGvWoF",
        "title": "Rethinking High Performance Computing System Architecture for Scientific Big Data Applications.",
        "abstract": "The increasingly important data-intensive scientific discovery presents a critical question to the high performance computing (HPC) community - how to efficiently support these growing scientific big data applications with HPC systems that are traditionally designed for big compute applications? The conventional HPC systems are computing-centric and designed for computation-intensive applications. Scientific big data applications have growlingly different characteristics compared to big compute applications. These scientific applications, however, will still largely rely on HPC systems to be solved. In this research, we try to answer this question with a rethinking of HPC system architecture. We study and analyze the potential of a new decoupled HPC system architecture for data-intensive scientific applications. The fundamental idea is to decouple conventional compute nodes and dynamically provision as data processing nodes that focus on data processing capability. We present studies and analyses for such decoupled HPC system architecture. The current results have shown its promising potential. Its data-centric architecture can have an impact in designing and developing future HPC systems for growingly important data-intensive scientific discovery and innovation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Chen",
                "org": "Texas Tech University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanlong Yin",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-He Sun",
                "org": "Illinois Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rajeev Thakur",
                "org": "Argonne National Laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "William Gropp",
                "org": "National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA)"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Trustcom/BigDataSE/ISPA",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "tYNAwh3H": {
        "id": "tYNAwh3H",
        "title": "Tea tax in the Late Qing Dynasty and its Influence on the Tea Trade in Huizhou",
        "abstract": "The decline of Huizhou Merchants in the Late Qing was facilitated by many kinds of factors.This paper attempts to analyze its cause from the point of the tax burden.The trade of tea was one of the main businesses of Huizhou Merchants.Before Emperor Xianfeng,the tea tax burden was not too heavy.This kind of situation caused tea business to flourish with handsome profits.After Emperor Xianfeng,tax system tended to worsen.Tea tax burden became more and more heavy with little margin of profits,resulting in rapid decline of tea trade in Huizhou.",
        "keywords": [
            "tea tax",
            "the Late Qing Dynasty",
            "Huizhou Merchants"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Economics,Anhui University,Hefei ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Hefei Teachers College",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "KGXQxK1J": {
        "id": "KGXQxK1J",
        "title": "A study of the Financial Relationship between Customs and the Imperial Household in Late Qing",
        "abstract": "In late Qing,Original customs pattern has a significant change.As a result,the Financial Relationship between customs and the Imperial Household become more and more close.The Imperial Household partake of customs duties mainly through these special funds such as annual appropriation,additional annual appropriation,office expenses of Guangchusi department,disposal proceeds,project funds and some temporary apportion expenses.But there is some difference between the number should be assessed from the actual allocation number.On average,the actual allocation number from Yang customs and Chang customs to the Imperial Household both reach 90 million liang or so.In absolute terms,Royal expenses revealed an increasing tendency year after year.Therefore,the royal finances encroached on state finances not only make customs the tax burden disequilibrium,but also refired inner controversy between the central and local governments.The financial relationship is so difficult to rationalize among the Imperial Household,Hubu and customs that the financial order of late Qing government became more and more disorder.It is always futile to try to limit the royal expenses with the notion of supreme monarchic power in traditional culture of politics.",
        "keywords": [
            "Customs in Late Qing",
            "The Imperial Household",
            "The Royal Finance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Economics,Anhui University,Hefei ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Jinan Journal(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "yPqmxbI4": {
        "id": "yPqmxbI4",
        "title": "A Study on FengGuiFen's Ideas of Agricultural Revitalization",
        "abstract": "FengGuiFen take up chinese traditional ideology of stressing agriculture,and pay attention to absorbing advanced technology and humanistic knowledge from Western.In the process of realistic perception and reform practice,he has formed a relatively systematic development concept of agriculture and put forward a series of agricultural reform propositions such as restoration patriarchal system,equaling the land tax,building water projects,promoting agricultural machinery,paying attention to plant economic crops.These reforms advocate comply with agricultural development approaches and adapt to the needs of the agricultural development at that time.They have positive meaning for reconstructing order of rural production and recovering rural productive forces.",
        "keywords": [
            "FengGuiFen",
            "rural development",
            "revitalization of agriculture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " AnHui University,Hefei,Anhui "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Shijiazhuang University of Economics",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "M8D7JMJG": {
        "id": "M8D7JMJG",
        "title": "A Historical Study of Shantou Customs",
        "abstract": "This paper tried to make a preliminary study on some important historical facts of establishing customs in Shantou, such as the specific time when the customs was established, the relations between customs establishing and commercial port opening, and the fiscal relations between Shantou Customs and Guangdong Customs after establishing customs. The results show that Shantou Commercial Port was opened on January 1, 1860 and foreign customs in Shantou was established on January 19, 1860. Though tariff collection was separated by two different departments after foreign customs was established, tax works of foreign customs and native customs in Shantou, such as tax information reporting, tax submitting, account reimbursement, were subsumed in the responsibility scope of Guangdong customs commissioner. The fiscal relations between Shantou Customs and Guangdong Customs were not completely cut off for this reason.",
        "keywords": [
            "Shantou",
            "foreign customs",
            "establishing customs",
            "opening commercial port",
            "native customs"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Economics, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Shantou University(Humanities & Social Sciences Edition)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "hkbKzuBa": {
        "id": "hkbKzuBa",
        "title": "Tariffs disputes and mediation between customs during Xian Feng and Tong Zhi Regimes",
        "abstract": "Because of the authority decentralization of the collecting military funds,Local finance was gradually forming during the time of Xian Feng and Tong Zhi regimes in the late Qing Dynasty.Customs revenue,as an important source of the central finance,was also included in the financial unit in the centre of local government.This article selected three cases and tried to display various benefit disputes between customs of different provinces,such as the tax source division and taxation distributing.These benefit oppositions between customs of different provinces appeared a more relaxing tendency of fiscal relations between central and local governments in the new history circumstances.",
        "keywords": [
            "Fiscal relations",
            "Central and local governments",
            "The late Qing Dynasty",
            "Tariffs disputes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Economics,Anhui university Hefei ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Jinan University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "B5YZPRYF": {
        "id": "B5YZPRYF",
        "title": "Comment on exchanges of Chang Yinlin and Qianmu",
        "abstract": "In the Chinese Republic academic circles,Chang Yinlin and Qianmu were both the famous scholars for mastering general history proficiently,and being care of current affairs,both of them admired each other and learned from each other by exchanging views in academia,they were left a deep imprint in the academic history of the Chinese Republic.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chang Yinlin",
            "Age Care",
            "Qianmu",
            "Study of General History",
            "Academic Exchanges"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "黄修明",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "陈勇",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "History Teaching",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "yo2bBfch": {
        "id": "yo2bBfch",
        "title": "On Planning and Levying the Factory Tax in the Late Qing Dynasty",
        "abstract": "Factory tax begin to be planned and levied in late Qing.But the specific levying circumstance is more complex.Before the Sino-Japanese War of 1894~1895,Late Qing government begin to levy this factory tax on domestic YangWu enterprises and its rate is 5%.After Treaty of Shimonoseki is signed,Foreign merchants begin to acquire the right of establishing factories in China.In order to boycott this,Late Qing government decide to raise factory tax rate to 10%,not only to foreign merchants but also to domestic enterprises.But this attempt is failure and the rate of 5% is executed as before.The tortuous process of levying factory tax shows that modern tax system in China,with typical characteristics of semi-colony,is manipulated by foreign powers.",
        "keywords": [
            "Factory Tax",
            "Machine-Made Products",
            "The late Qing Dynasty",
            "Tax Planning"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "陈勇",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "History Teaching",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "cnE4jRYF": {
        "id": "cnE4jRYF",
        "title": "Tax Collection and Social Control in Huizhou during Ming and Qing Dynasties",
        "abstract": "Clan organization is an important part of the tight taxation network in traditional Chinese society.Huizhou is a clan community during Ming and Qing dynasties.Clan organization in Huizhou played an important role in urging tax payment,resolving tax dispute,sharing tax risk and punishing tax lag etc.Clans in Huizhou,combined with officials,LiJia,BaoJia and other tax organizations,effectively strengthened the control and management of rural society,and thereby maintained Huizhou rural society relative stable during Ming and Qing dynasties.",
        "keywords": [
            "social control",
            "taxation",
            "clans in Huizhou"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Anhui university,Hefei,Anhui "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Shijiazhuang University of Economics",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "acwS5enN": {
        "id": "acwS5enN",
        "title": "True Feelings Swinging in the Ambiguous History——Comment on the soap opera Final Diagnosis",
        "abstract": "Soap opera Final Diagnosis describes Shen Zhiyu's youth time and Ye Nanshan's middle-aged time with simultaneous way,intentionally completing Ye Nanshan's life or Shen Zhiyu's life through two historical docking.The background of this personal history is a history of the medical progresses,in which the glittering spots are two kinds of launching pattern of love play: anticipating love and owning love.The narrative techniques of the script are diverse,like the imitation of the traditional narrative technique,the synthetic utilization of the new historical principle narrative and the choice of the folk standpoint.",
        "keywords": [
            "true feelings",
            "Final Diagnosis",
            "personal history narrative"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Dept.of Chinese Language and Literature,Anhui University,Hefei ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Hefei University(Social Sciences)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "u5H9lZAW": {
        "id": "u5H9lZAW",
        "title": "Laparoscopic resection of presacral teratomas.",
        "abstract": "Presacral and retrorectal space tumors are relatively rare lesions, the location of which can result in the onset of symptoms that are not well-defined. Retrorectal teratomas are resected to alleviate these symptoms and to rule out malignancy. Complete resection by one of the open abdominal or sacral approaches was traditionally advocated as the best treatment for either a benign or malignant presacral and retrorectal tumor. A 15-year-old girl had chronic, progressively worsening dull pelvic pain and was given the diagnosis of a retrorectal tumor during her first gynecologic examination. Computed tomography of the pelvis showed an encapsulated presacral and retrorectal tumor measuring 10x8.5x8 cm. The retrorectal teratoma was removed by laparoscopy. No complication was observed interoperation. In addition, no sensory or motoric dysfunction of the bladder or rectum was observed postoperatively. Laparoscopy can be used to surgically remove presacral teratomas.",
        "keywords": [
            "laparoscopic resection",
            "presacral",
            "retrorectal tumors",
            "teratomas",
            "computed tomography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huicheng Xu",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Li",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junnan Li",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jizhao Yuan",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of minimally invasive gynecology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "u65Evcun": {
        "id": "u65Evcun",
        "title": "Laparoscopic blockage of uterine artery and myomectomy: a new method of treating symptomatic uterine leiomyomas.",
        "abstract": "The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of laparoscopic coagulation or blockage of the uterine arteries and myomectomy in treating symptomatic myomas.A total of 142 women with symptomatic fibroids warranting surgical treatment and wanting to retain their uteri were treated by laparoscopic coagulation or blocking of the uterine arteries and myomectomy.Most of the 142 patients had multi-myomas of the uterus, as intramural myomas (54), subserous myomas (65), and submucosal myomas (25). The number of myomas in each patient varied from 1 to 4. The size of the myomas in all patients ranged from 2 to 12 cm. In 86 cases (60.4%) the uterine wall was sutured in one layer. Average operating time was 124.2 +/- 33.1 min, and average blood loss was 117.8 +/- 48.6 ml. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.8 +/- 1.2 days. All patients underwent technically successful laparoscopic coagulation or blocking of uterine arteries and myomectomy without intraoperative complications. The mean follow-up time was 16.2 months (16-26). Symptomatic improvement was achieved in all patients. Five patients experienced recurrence of myomas.Laparoscopic coagulation or block of the uterine arteries and myomectomy appears to be a safe, effective, and promising new method for treating symptomatic uterine myomas.",
        "keywords": [
            "blockage uterine artery",
            "laparoscopy",
            "myomectomy",
            "symptomatic myoma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Z Liang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "H Xu",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Y Chen",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Y Li",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Q Zhang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Surgical endoscopy",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "tRXjPZC1": {
        "id": "tRXjPZC1",
        "title": "Porcine urinary bladder matrix-polypropylene mesh: a novel scaffold material reduces immunorejection in rat pelvic surgery.",
        "abstract": "The present study set out to modify polypropylene vaginal surgical material using porcine urinary bladder matrix (UBM) in order to improve biocompatibility. The aim was to develop a compound scaffold that induced less vaginal erosion and to evaluate host immunoreactivity to this material in vivo.Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. One group underwent a sham operation, and the other groups underwent vaginal implantation with different materials: UBM (U); UBM + polypropylene (UP); or polypropylene (P). The host tissue response was determined by macro-observation, and by histological and immunohistochemical methods at 7, 14, 21, or 28 days after surgery.The inflammation reaction was strongest throughout the entire observation time in Group P, but was weaker and had a tendency to decrease with time in Groups U and UP. The presence of the UBM material in the compound scaffold allowed the polypropylene to fuse with newly proliferating surrounding tissue and resulted in less rejection of the material by the host, as indicated by the reduced appearance of CD4-, and CD8-positive cells.Porcine UBM allowed mechanical isolation of polypropylene, and also reduced the immune reaction to polypropylene. This study suggests that the UBM + polypropylene compound scaffold may be a promising material for clinical use in pelvic reconstruction surgery.",
        "keywords": [
            "immune reaction",
            "surgical mesh",
            "xenograft",
            "urinary bladder",
            "polypropylene",
            "pelvic organ prolapse"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lubin Liu",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Deng",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanzhou Wang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liangpeng Ge",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International urogynecology journal",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "L6FiyLo7": {
        "id": "L6FiyLo7",
        "title": "Laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical vaginectomy in patients with vaginal carcinoma: surgical technique and operative outcomes.",
        "abstract": "To describe our technique for laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical vaginectomy and to assess the feasibility and safety of the procedure via operative outcomes.Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).Major university teaching hospital in Chongqing, China.Twelve consecutive patients with early stage vaginal carcinoma.Laparoscopic radical parametrectomy/vaginectomy with pelvic/paraaortic lymphadenectomy.Nerve-sparing radical vaginectomy was completed laparoscopically without conversion to laparotomy in 12 patients with early stage vaginal cancer. Mean (SD) operative time was 158.5 (36.7) minutes, and estimated blood loss was 135.2 (62.8) mL. No intraoperative complications occurred, and no patients required blood transfusion. The number of pelvic nodes obtained was 21.2 (9.8), and of para-aortic nodes was 13. All nodes were negative for malignancy. Histologic analysis confirmed the absence of any residual cancer tissue in the margins of the parametrial tissue and vagina. The median (range) time before Foley catheter removal was 9.76 (3-14) days, and bladder void function recovery to grade 0-I was observed in 11 patients (91.7%). Neither long-term bladder voiding dysfunction nor any other long-term complications were reported. The median duration of follow-up was 28 months. One patient with stage II vaginal cancer received pelvic regional radiation therapy; the other patients did not require adjuvant therapy after the operation. All patients were included in the follow-up protocol, and there was no recurrence of disease in any patients.Laparoscopic radical parametrectomy/vaginectomy with pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy is a therapeutic option for early stage vaginal carcinoma. Nerve-sparing radical surgery in indicated patients may lead to optimal preservation of bladder function. The technique described in this preliminary study seems to be safe and feasible, and was relatively easy to perform in our study population.",
        "keywords": [
            "nerve sparing",
            "bladder function",
            "radical parametrectomy/vaginectomy",
            "pelvic/paraaortic lymphadenectomy",
            "vaginal carcinoma",
            "inferior hypogastric plexus",
            "laparoscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Li",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huicheng Xu",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanzhou Wang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of minimally invasive gynecology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "bj8hIfQO": {
        "id": "bj8hIfQO",
        "title": "Laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy with fascia space dissection technique for cervical cancer: description of technique and outcomes.",
        "abstract": "The objectives of this study were to describe our laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (LNSRH) technique and to assess the feasibility and safety of the procedure, as well as its impact on voiding function. We introduce a fascia space dissection technique in order to preserve the pelvic splanchnic nerve, the hypogastric nerve and the bladder branch of the inferior hypogastric plexus under magnification (×10.5) during laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) with pelvic lymphadenectomy.From October 2006 to November 2009, 163 consecutive patients with cervical cancer underwent laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) and pelvic lymphadenectomy, with 82 women undergoing LNSRH with fascia space dissection technique (LNSRH group) and 81 undergoing LRH (LRH group). Data from 163 patients were prospectively collected and compared. Post-operative assessment of bladder function included the following: the time to recover the ability to void spontaneously and to achieve a post-void residual urine (PVR) volume of less than 50 ml, with urination function graded.The laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy procedure was completed successfully and was conducted safely in all of the patients. There were no conversions to open surgery in the two groups. The median operative duration in the LNSRH and the LRH groups were 163.52±34.47 min and 132.13±31.42 min, respectively. Blood loss was 142.12±62.38 ml and 187.69±68.63 ml, respectively. The time taken to obtain a post-void residual urine volume of less than 50 ml after removal of the urethral catheter was 7.42±2.35 d (5-18 d) in LNSRH group and was 16.75±7.73 d (5-35 d) in LRH group (P<0.05). The bladder void function recovery to Grades 0-I was 76 (92.7%) for the LNSRH group and 59 (72.8%) for the LRH group. A mean follow-up of 22.3 (5-42) months was adhered to, and no patient had a recurrence or metastasis.The technique described in this preliminary study appears to be safe, feasible, and easy in our population, with satisfactory recovery of voiding function.",
        "keywords": [
            "cervical cancer",
            "fascia space dissection technique",
            "nerve-sparing",
            "laparoscopic",
            "radical hysterectomy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huicheng Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Gynecologic oncology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "TL4yQPWF": {
        "id": "TL4yQPWF",
        "title": "The outcome of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy for cervical cancer: a prospective analysis of 295 patients.",
        "abstract": "Cervical carcinoma is likely to become one of the most important indications for laparoscopic radical surgery. The laparoscopic technique combines the benefits of a minimally invasive approach with established surgical principles. In our institution, the laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and transperitoneal approach for lymphadenectomy have become the standard techniques for invasive cervical cancer. We report the indications, techniques, results, and oncological outcome in a single center experience.Between February 2001 and June 2007 we performed laparoscopic radical hysterectomies for cervical cancer in 295 patients. Their initial techniques, operation data, complications, postoperative course, oncological outcome, and survival were evaluated.Out of 295 procedures, 290 were successful. Para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed in 156 patients (52.9%), and pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in all 295 patients. The median blood loss was 230 mL (range, 50-1200 mL). The mean operation time was 162 min (range, 110-350), which included the learning curves of 3 surgeons. In 5 cases (1.7%), conversion to open surgery was necessary due to bleeding (3 cases), bowel injury (1 case), and hypercapnia (1 case). Other major intraoperative injuries occurred in 12 patients (4.1%). Positive lymph nodes were detected in 80 cases (27.1%), lymphovascular space invasion in 54 cases (18.3%), and surgical margins were negative for tumor in all patients. The mean hospital stay was 10.3 days. Postoperative complications occurred in 10.8% patients, ureterovaginal fistula in 5 cases, vesicovaginal fistula in 4, ureterostenosis in 3 cases, deep venous thrombosis in 9 cases, lymphocyst in 4 cases, lymphedema in 5 cases, and 1 case with trocar insertion site metastasis. Other medical problems included 47 cases (15.9%) of bladder dysfunction and 62 cases (21.0%) of rectum dysfunction or constipation. The median follow-up was 36.45 months (range, 8-76 months). Recurrences or metastasis occurred in 48 patients (16.3%). Of these patients, 43 (14.6%) have died of their disease, and 5 (1.7%) are alive with disease. The overall disease-free survival was 95.2% for Ia, 96.2% for Ib, 84.5% for IIa, 79.4% for IIb, 66.7% for IIIa, and 60.0% for IIIb.Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy is a routine, effective treatment for patients with Ia2-IIb cervical carcinoma. With more experience it is envisaged that IIb stage patients can be managed safely offering all the benefits of minimal surgery to the patients. Although no long-term follow-up is available, our follow-up data for up to 76 months confirm the effectiveness of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy in terms of surgical principles and oncological outcome.",
        "keywords": [
            "cervical cancer—laparoscopy—radical hysterectomy.",
            "learning curve"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chongqing 400038 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huichen Xu",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chongqing 400038 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Li",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chongqing 400038 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chongqing 400038 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junnan Li",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chongqing 400038 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jizhao Yuan",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chongqing 400038 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": "Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chongqing 400038 P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Annals of surgical oncology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "P8hBOa58": {
        "id": "P8hBOa58",
        "title": "A fertility-preserving option in early cervical carcinoma: laparoscopy-assisted vaginal radical trachelectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy.",
        "abstract": "Laparoscopic vaginal radical trachelectomy is a fertility-preserving alternative to radical hysterectomy or chemoradiation in young women with stage IA2 to IB cervical cancers. The aim of this study is to describe the feasibility and outcome of laparoscopic radical vaginal trachelectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in women treated with early cervical cancers who wish to maintain fertility.From August 2000 through December 2004, 16 patients were offered this procedure. Patients were selected for this treatment on the basis of favorable cervical tumors and a desire to maintain fertility. Laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomies were performed in all patients. Vaginal radical trachelectomy was performed immediately if removed lymph nodes were negative. Obstetrical and oncological outcomes were evaluated.Sixteen women underwent this procedure. The mean operative time was 142 min (115-178 min), with a mean blood loss of 180 ml (120-230 ml), and the average hospital stay was 6.7 days. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. With an average follow-up of 28.2 months, there have been no recurrences. Five pregnancies have subsequently occurred, with two third-trimester deliveries, two miscarriages at 24 and 26 weeks' gestation, and one patient is currently 18 weeks' pregnant.Laparoscopy-assisted radical vaginal trachelectomy is an adequate treatment, with its minimally invasive procedure and shorter recovery time, for early-stage cervical cancer in women who wish to preserve fertility. However, fertility issues remain the largest unanswered problem with this technique.",
        "keywords": [
            "cervical cancer",
            "laparoscopic lymphadenectomy",
            "radical vaginal trachelectomy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huichen Xu",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiaoyu Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Li",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "GJdsR7xs": {
        "id": "GJdsR7xs",
        "title": "Laparoscopic transient uterine artery occlusion and myomectomy for symptomatic uterine myoma.",
        "abstract": "To compare clinical outcomes of laparoscopic transient uterine artery ligation plus myomectomy (LTUAL) to simple laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) for symptomatic myomas.Comparative observational study.Medical centers.One hundred sixty-seven patients with symptomatic myomas.Eighty-four patients underwent LTUAL and LM; 83 patients underwent LM only.Operative time, blood loss, gonadal hormone level, uterine artery resistance index, menorrhea, pregnancy rate, and recurrence rate of myoma.The intraoperative blood loss in the LTUAL group was lower than in the LM group. The menstrual blood volume (MBV) and the menstrual period of the LTUAO group was unchanged after operation relative to the prediseased volume. No significant difference was found in the resistance index of the uterine artery blood flow, the recurrence rate, and the fertility rate between the LTUAL and LM groups.LTUAL and LM are a promising surgical treatment for symptomatic uterine myoma and did not produce any appreciable adverse effect on fertility.",
        "keywords": [
            "uterine myoma",
            "transient uterine arterial occlusion",
            "laparoscopy",
            "myomectomy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lubin Liu",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Li",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huicheng Xu",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangjin Zhang",
                "org": "Obstetric and Gynaecologic Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fertility and sterility",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "xyAwyjic": {
        "id": "xyAwyjic",
        "title": "Laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical parametrectomy for occult early-stage invasive cervical cancer after simple hysterectomy.",
        "abstract": "To investigate the feasibility and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical parametrectomy (LNSRP) and lymphadenectomy for treatment of occult early-stage invasive cervical cancer after simple hysterectomy.From 2006 to 2010, 28 patients who were discovered to have occult early-stage invasive cervical cancer after a simple hysterectomy underwent LNSRP, upper vaginal resection, and pelvic lymphadenectomy. A retrospective analysis of these cases was performed.All patients underwent successful LNSRP. There was no conversion to laparotomy. The mean ± SD operation time was 173.30 ± 56.20 minutes. The mean ± SD estimated blood loss was 230.00 ± 109.55 mL. Two intraoperative complications were recorded. The median number of extracted pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes was 23 (range, 12-36) and 7 (range, 3-15), respectively. The mean ± SD time before Foley catheter removal was 5.6 ± 2.74 days (range, 3-14 days ), and bladder voiding function recovery to grade 0 to grade 1 was observed in 26 patients (92.9%). Of the 28 patients, 3 patients received further adjuvant therapy. The median follow-up period was 38 (range, 4-62) months for all patients. No recurrence case was found in this series.Laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical parametrectomy is a therapeutic option for occult early-stage invasive cervical cancer discovered after hysterectomy. Nerve-sparing radical surgery in indicated patients may lead to optimal preservation of bladder function.",
        "keywords": [
            "laparoscopy",
            "nerve sparing",
            "occult cervical cancer",
            "radical parametrectomy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junnan Li",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huicheng Xu",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Li",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": "Third Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "V9CdiRPP": {
        "id": "V9CdiRPP",
        "title": "A model program for radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer: Asia Pacific perspective.",
        "abstract": "Laparoscopic surgery for gynecological oncology is an important progress in the combination of scientific, technological and surgical techniques, which not only enhanced the efficacy of surgical treatment of gynecological oncology, but also is superior to conventional open surgery with regard to postoperative mental rehabilitation in gynecological oncology patients. But it is not without its risks and complications. There are still several new challenges on both theory and surgical skill improvement to be overcome. Firstly, to form a laparoscopic surgical team, there are a lot of special requirements of both the team members and the equipment which restrict the popularization of the laparoscopic radical hysterectomy. Secondly, every detail should be taken into careful consideration and the risks should be balanced and benefits ascertained before performing the laparoscopic procedures. So, for the development of minimally invasive surgery, we should be accumulating the clinical experiences, improving the laparoscopic skills and normalizing and certifying training centers, and verifying the long-term surgical effects by evidence-based medicine.",
        "keywords": [
            "complications",
            "laparoscopy",
            "cervical cancer",
            "radical hysterectomy",
            "evidence based medicine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gongli Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huichen Xu",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Gynecologic oncology",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "mBTf9QTD": {
        "id": "mBTf9QTD",
        "title": "Endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy with a novel abdominal approach to vulvar cancer: description of technique and surgical outcome.",
        "abstract": "To evaluate the feasibility and surgical outcome of a novel technique of endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy to treat vulvar cancer.Retrospective analysis performed by a single center over 2 years (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).Major university teaching hospital.The medical records for 17 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy because of invasive vulvar cancer were retrospectively reviewed.Endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy was performed using a novel abdominal approach.All patients underwent abdominal endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy without intraoperative complications. Median (range) operative time for the endoscopic procedure was 94 minutes, with estimated blood loss of approximately 137 mL (80-170 mL). A mean (range) of 16 (11-23) nodes were retrieved. In an additional 5 patients, pelvic node dissection was performed, with retrieval of 6 (3-11) nodes. Of the 17 patients, 2 demonstrated vulvar wound necrosis, and 1 exhibited lymphorrhea through the drain orifice. No other inguinal wound-related complications were observed. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 11 (8-19) days. All patients were followed up for more than 13 months, with no recurrence of cancer.Endoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection using this novel abdominal approach in patients with vulvar cancer is a safe and feasible technique that may diminish the wound-related complications associated with the standard open approach.",
        "keywords": [
            "complications",
            "inguinal lymphadenectomy",
            "vulvar cancer",
            "endoscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huicheng Xu",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanzhou Wang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yudi Li",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqing Liang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of minimally invasive gynecology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "ql8JOvNf": {
        "id": "ql8JOvNf",
        "title": "Cell-surface ultrastructural changes during the in vitro neuron-like differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.",
        "abstract": "The neuron-like differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) has been extensively studied. However, the alternations of the cell-surface ultrastructures and the membrane tension/reservoir of the cells during this differentiation process are poorly understood. Therefore, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was utilized in this study to observe the cell-surface ultrastructural changes among rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs), partially differentiated cells, and fully differentiated neuron-like cells. By analyzing the stiffness of plasma membranes, lamellipodial extensions, average heights of small membrane protrusions and relatively larger uplifted structures, and peak-peak spacing among protrusions and/or uplifted structures, we found that the membrane reservoir may potentially decrease upon the differentiation from rBMMSCs to partially differentiated cells and to fully differentiated neuron-like cells. The results may help to better understanding the membrane tension of various types of cells and related biological processes, such as membrane traffic, cell adhesion, motility, differentiation, among others. The data also implies that AFM may be a useful tool for evaluating membrane reservoir by imaging cell-surface ultrastructures.",
        "keywords": [
            "rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rbmmscs)",
            "membrane reservoir",
            "cell surface area regulation",
            "neuron-like differentiation",
            "atomic force microscopy (afm)",
            "membrane tension"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoping Wang",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dongmei He",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Chen",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tongsheng Chen",
                "org": "South China Normal University(South China Normal University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Jin",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanchang University(Nanchang University),Nanchang,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scanning",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "PGO8rJmO": {
        "id": "PGO8rJmO",
        "title": "Detection of erythrocytes influenced by aging and type 2 diabetes using atomic force microscope.",
        "abstract": "The pathophysiological changes of erythrocytes are detected at the molecular scale, which is important to reveal the onset of diseases. Type 2 diabetes is an age-related metabolic disorder with high prevalence in elderly (or old) people. Up to now, there are no treatments to cure diabetes. Therefore, early detection and the ability to monitor the progression of type 2 diabetes are very important for developing effective therapies. Type 2 diabetes is associated with high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. These abnormalities may disturb the architecture and functions of erythrocytes at molecular scale. In this study, the aging- and diabetes-induced changes in morphological and biomechanical properties of erythrocytes are clearly characterized at nanometer scale using atomic force microscope (AFM). The structural information and mechanical properties of the cell surface membranes of erythrocytes are very important indicators for determining the healthy, diseased or aging status. So, AFM may potentially be developed into a powerful tool in diagnosing diseases.",
        "keywords": [
            "atomic force microscope",
            "erythrocytes",
            "type 2 diabetes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hua Jin",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Xing",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxia Zhao",
                "org": "Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510090, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xun Huang",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuyuan Ma",
                "org": "The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyan Ye",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biochemical and biophysical research communications",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "mT9bXzVg": {
        "id": "mT9bXzVg",
        "title": "Sonodynamic effects of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether on CNE-2 cells detected by atomic force microscopy.",
        "abstract": "Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) has been effectively used to treat solid tumors of some types. However, its application in nasopharyngeal carcinoma has not been studied yet. In this paper, the detailed sonodynamic effects of HMME-SDT (sonodynamic therapy) on CNE-2 cells including cell growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, and membrane toxicity were investigated. It was found that HMME alone had less cytotoxicity whereas HMME-SDT could suppress the cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner as detected by MTT assay. The annexin V-based flow cytometric data indicated that upon SDT, different concentrations of HMME induce distinct types of cell death, apoptosis by low concentration (60 µg/ml) of HMME and necrosis by higher concentration (120 µg/ml). The immunofluorescence of cytoskeleton and nuclei morphology showed that upon HMME-SDT, the cells became rounding and the cytoskeletal network disappeared, and, the nuclei represented a total fragmented morphology of nuclear bodies. These alternations showed the apoptosis induction by HMME-SDT. Further AFM study showed that the cell membrane structure and cytoskeleton networks were destroyed, and, the Young's modulus, tip-cell-surface adhesion force decreased to 0.22 ± 0.11 Mpa, 35.4 ± 12.8 pN of cells with 120 µg/ml HMME-SDT from 0.48 ± 0.21 Mpa, 69.6 ± 22.3 pN of native cells, respectively. These membrane changes caused the collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and disturbance of intracellular calcium homeostasis, which was consistent with the results detected by flow cytometry. Therefore, membrane toxicity and cytoskeleton disrupture induced by HMME-SDT maybe important factors to induce cell apoptosis, and, the disturbance of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and calcium channels might be the apoptosis mechanisms.",
        "keywords": [
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "cne-2 cell",
            "hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether",
            "sonodynamic therapy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hua Jin",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing Zhong",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyong Wang",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xun Huang",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyan Ye",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuyuan Ma",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanchang University(Nanchang University),Nanchang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of cellular biochemistry",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "tTvisfcj": {
        "id": "tTvisfcj",
        "title": "QD as a bifunctional cell-surface marker for both fluorescence and atomic force microscopy.",
        "abstract": "Fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) are a new class of fluorescent label and have been extensively used in cell imaging. Streptavidin-conjugated QDs have a diameter of ca. 10-15 nm; therefore when used as probes to label cell-surface biomolecules, they can provide contrast enhancement under atomic force microscopy (AFM) and allow specific proteins to be distinguished from the background. In addition, the size and fluorescent properties potentially make them as probes in correlative fluorescence microscopy (FM) and AFM. In this study, we tested the feasibility of using QD-streptavidin conjugates as probes to label wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) receptors on the membrane of human red blood cells (RBCs) and simultaneously obtain fluorescence and AFM images. The results show that the distribution of QDs labeled on human RBCs was non-uniform and that the number of labeled QDs on different erythrocytes varied significantly, which perhaps indicates different ages of the erythrocytes. Thus, QDs may be employed as bifunctional cell-surface markers for both FM and AFM to quantitatively investigate the distribution and expression of membrane proteins or receptors on cell surface.",
        "keywords": [
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "fluorescence microscopy",
            "immunolabeling",
            "quantum dots",
            "membrane protein",
            "quantum dot"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yunqi Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liyun Zhong",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ultramicroscopy",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "IAg1s4oe": {
        "id": "IAg1s4oe",
        "title": "The analysis of morphological distortion during AFM study of cells.",
        "abstract": "Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been widely applied in cellular morphology study. However, morphological information including volume and roughness obtained by AFM are usually affected by different kinds of factors, which include the microscopic system itself, imaging mode, or external factors such as AFM probe or tip condition. In this study, based on red blood cell model, the dependence of cellular morphology, volume, and roughness on several parameters of the imaging was evaluated and, furthermore, a general rule and resolution for trustful analysis had been suggested. In addition, the potential effects that resulted from sample itself had also been analyzed based on adhesive force analysis. The results indicated that the scanning range and the imaging mode affect cellular volume and roughness, and the distorted images should be ascribed to blunt tip, contaminated tip, and the shape of tip. The analysis of morphological distortion during AFM investigation of cells provides a reference for researchers using AFM.",
        "keywords": [
            "tip shape",
            "scanning range",
            "afm/other scanned probe microscopes",
            "force spectrum",
            "image analysis",
            "morphological distortion",
            "imaging mode",
            "ultrastructure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yangzhe Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuyuan Ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoping Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scanning",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "X1lTR4Ae": {
        "id": "X1lTR4Ae",
        "title": "WGA-QD probe-based AFM detects WGA-binding sites on cell surface and WGA-induced rigidity alternation.",
        "abstract": "A strategy involving the conjugation of fluorescent quantum dot (QD) with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) acting as fluorescent and topographic probes prior to cell surface staining is developed for fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). This strategy provided at least two advantages: (a) an amplified fluorescence of WGA-QD aggregates, strongly resistant to photobleaching, ensures repeated/real-time observations of the probe-labeled cells by fluorescence microscopy; (b) the enlarged size of WGA-QD probe makes it possible for labeled WGA to be distinguished from other membrane proteins by AFM. Here, the random distribution of WGA-binding sites on non-crosslinked cells and the uneven or polarized reorganization due to WGA-induced crosslinking on cell surfaces were studied using AFM-detectable WGA-QD probe. Moreover, we developed a method to rapidly detect the WGA-induced rigidity alternation of the whole cells, which is efficient and has the potentiality of being developed to a useful tool in clinical diagnosis.",
        "keywords": [
            "atomic force microscopy (afm)",
            "wheat germ agglutinin (wga)",
            "topographic probe",
            "fluorescent quantum dot (qd)",
            "rigidity",
            "human breast mcf-7 cancer cell",
            "fluorescent probe",
            "fluorescence microscopy",
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "quantum dot",
            "real time",
            "binding site",
            "membrane protein"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoping Wang",
                "org": "MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dongmei He",
                "org": "Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tongsheng Chen",
                "org": "MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feiyan Zou",
                "org": "Institute for Reproductive Immunology Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yalan Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yangzhe Wu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheng W Chen",
                "org": "Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biochemical and biophysical research communications",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "olwFVKPv": {
        "id": "olwFVKPv",
        "title": "Membrane deformation of unfixed erythrocytes in air with time lapse investigated by tapping mode atomic force microscopy.",
        "abstract": "Estimation of the time of death is one of the most important problems for forensic medicine and law. Physical and chemical postmortem changes are evaluated together while estimating the time of death. The pattern analysis of antemortem and postmortem bloodstains is one of the important parameters for forensic science, and cellular changes of blood cells can be useful for the quantitative assessment of the time of death. In this study, by successively investigating erythrocytes exposed in air on mica for 5 days using tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM), we observed deformation of whole cell and membrane surface of unfixed erythrocytes with time lapse. We found that the time-dependent cellular changes occurred after exposure of erythrocytes in air for several days. At 0.5 days of exposure, fissures and cell shrinkage were observed. At 2.5 days of exposure, the emergence of nanometer-scale protuberances were observed and these protuberances increased in number with increasing time. The changes of cell shape and cell membrane surface ultrastructure can be used to estimate the time of death. Futhermore, smear-induced abnormal erythrocytes and immunostained erythrocytes were observed here. The need for more precise research is indicated, such as the correlation of membrane changes to intervals of less than 0.5 day of air exposure, and use of various substrates in addition to mica, including glass, metals, fabrics, among others, on which the bloodstains appear in crime scenes. The results of this research demonstrate the efficacy of AFM as a potentially powerful analytical tool in forensic science.",
        "keywords": [
            "erythrocyte",
            "forensic examination",
            "atomic force microscopy (afm)",
            "07.79.l",
            "bloodstains",
            "tapping mode",
            "pattern analysis",
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "forensic science",
            "forensic medicine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois, 835 S. Wolcott Avenue, RE704, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "rD36rkFF": {
        "id": "rD36rkFF",
        "title": "Research on double-probe, double- and triple-tip effects during atomic force microscopy scanning.",
        "abstract": "Information obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) depends strongly on the kind of probe or tip used; therefore, probe and tip effects have to be taken into account when verifying or interpreting the data acquired. In many papers, double-tip effects have been mentioned while other research was done; however, there are only a few special reports on double- or triple-tip effects, especially double-probe effects. In our paper, metaphase chromosomes of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, aggregates of pectin molecules, membrane surface of mouse embryonic stem cells, and R-phycoerythrin-conjugated immunoglobulin G complexes were imaged by AFM with high-quality probes, double-probe cantilever, and double-tip and triple-tip probes, respectively, in order to determine double-probe, double-tip, and triple-tip effects during AFM scanning. We found that the double-probe, double-tip, and triple-tip effects share the same principle, and that these effects correlate with distance and height differences between probes of double-probe cantilever or tips of double-tip or multiple-tip probes. Since many other factors influence double-probe or double-tip effects, more in-depth studies must be undertaken. However, this initial research will make all users of AFM techniques aware of double-probe and double-tip or triple-tip effects during AFM scanning and aid in verifying or interpreting the data acquired.",
        "keywords": [
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "double-tip effects",
            "double-probe effects",
            "pectin",
            "tip artifacts",
            "chromosome",
            "phycoerythrin conjugated immunoglobulin g",
            "triple-tip effects"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Meili Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gucheng Zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengwei Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scanning",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "bKyfEWyP": {
        "id": "bKyfEWyP",
        "title": "Atomic force microscopic examination of chromosomes treated with trypsin or ethidium bromide.",
        "abstract": "Trypsin treatment is frequently used during chromosome preparation for removal of cellular contaminants, and ethidium bromide (EB) staining of bands is often used to facilitate high-resolution observations by optical microscopy. However, conventional optical microscopy is unable to visualize potential aberrations of chromosome structures caused by these physicochemical treatments. In this article, we use atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the tapping mode to obtain and analyze high-resolution images of chromosome surface structure damage associated with trypsinization and EB treatment. According to our results, the trypsin-based digestion effects became more severe as incubations increased across a range from 10 to 40 s; a digestion time of 10 to 20 s appeared to be most suitable for observation by AFM. In terms of chromosomal damage induced by EB treatment, addition of EB into the media of cultured human blood cells induced chromosomal breakage in a dose-dependent fashion, and the results indicate centromeric region damnifyed severer than arms. Together, these results indicate that EB staining and the standard chromosomal preparative techniques of trypsinization can induce chromosomal damage that may affect the observed results.",
        "keywords": [
            "atomic force microscope",
            "chromosome damage",
            "ethidium bromide",
            "trypsinization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yangzhe Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Longqiu Cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Keyu Yun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenxi Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "JNzqi9tv": {
        "id": "JNzqi9tv",
        "title": "Atomic force microscopic investigation on the potential early intermediate stages of fibrillogenesis of fibronectin within fibrils.",
        "abstract": "To date, a large number of literature have focused on the mechanisms of fibronectin (FN) fibril initiation and elongation, discovering many binding sites on FN molecules that are required for FN fibril growth. However, it is still poorly understood how FN fibrils widen while elongating. Here, single molecules and polymers, FN fibrillogenesis, and FN fibril bundles around cells have all been investigated visually using atomic force microscopy. We found that the formation of ring-shaped and beaded-filament-like FN aggregates may be two early intermediate stages of FN fibrillogenesis within the fibrils away from cells, perhaps involving in the FN fibril widening/bundling.",
        "keywords": [
            "intermediate stage",
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "fibronectin (fn)",
            "afm",
            "fibril widening/bundling",
            "atomic force microscopy (afm)",
            "fn",
            "extracellular matrix",
            "ecm",
            "fibronectin",
            "fibrillogenesis",
            "atomic force microscope",
            "binding site"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yangzhe Wu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biochemical and biophysical research communications",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "MufhVoEA": {
        "id": "MufhVoEA",
        "title": "Atomic Force Microscope Imaging of the Aggregation of Mouse Immunoglobulin G Molecules",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "aggregation",
            "atomic force microscope",
            "mouse immunoglobulin g",
            "self-assembly",
            "self assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingcai Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyan Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xia",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecules",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "8NMSITIJ": {
        "id": "8NMSITIJ",
        "title": "BMP2 promotes migration and invasion of breast cancer cells via cytoskeletal reorganization and adhesion decrease: an AFM investigation.",
        "abstract": "Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) has been shown to modulate the proliferation and differentiation of breast cancer cells. However, the biochemical effects and mechanisms remain unknown. In this paper, the effects of recombinant human BMP2 on the migration of MCF-7 cells-one breast cancer cell line, using transwell and wound healing experiments, as well as on the cellular morphology, cytoskeleton, cell surface adhesion, and stiffness detected at subcellular level by an atomic force microscope, were investigated. After BMP2 treatment, the untreated round-shaped MCF-7 cells transformed to a spindle-like shape with lots of specialized structures, such as lamellipodia, filopodia, membrane protrusions, and others, which are essential for cellular migration or spreading. Moreover, flow cytometry quantitatively detected the BMP2-induced changes in the expression of adhesion molecules, a significant rise of CD44, and a remarkable drop of E-cadherin. The data indicated that BMP2 promoted the migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells by regulating the reorganization of cytoskeleton and the expression of adhesion molecules in/on the cells. Thus, it is very imperative to evaluate the oncogenicity of BMP2 when used in tissue engineering.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell stiffness",
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "bone morphogenetic protein 2",
            "adhesion force",
            "cytoskeletal reorganization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hua Jin",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiang Pi",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xun Huang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feicheng Huang",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenxiang Shao",
                "org": "Nanchang University(Nanchang University),Nanchang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengpu Li",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanchang University(Nanchang University),Nanchang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied microbiology and biotechnology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "qa1crPo4": {
        "id": "qa1crPo4",
        "title": "Liposome impaired the adhesion and spreading of HEK293 cells: an AFM study.",
        "abstract": "Gene transfer has been proven to be a promising approach for treatment of several diseases. The cytotoxicity of transfection reagents is one of the key factors for clinical applications. The cytotoxicity of liposome has been extensively studied. However, its effects on the adhesion and spreading of transformed cells are still unclear. In this study, the cytotoxic effects of liposome on cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential of HEK293 cells were first evaluated. Then, an atomic force microscope (AFM) was recruited to investigate the effects of liposome on the adhesion and spreading of HEK293 cells. AFM data indicated that liposome induced a significant decrease in number of cellular pseudopodia and cell-surface particles, in cell-surface roughness, and in average adhesion force of cell membranes. The AFM data implied that liposome impaired the adhesion and spreading of HEK293 cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell morphology",
            "cytotoxicity",
            "transfection regent",
            "atomic force microscope",
            "biomechanical property"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hua Jin",
                "org": "Nanchang University(Nanchang University),Nanchang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuyuan Ma",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Song",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lina Ma",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiang Pi",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianxian Chen",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanchang University(Nanchang University),Nanchang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scanning",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "m9az2LUO": {
        "id": "m9az2LUO",
        "title": "Cold induces micro- and nano-scale reorganization of lipid raft markers at mounds of T-cell membrane fluctuations.",
        "abstract": "Whether and how cold causes changes in cell-membrane or lipid rafts remain poorly characterized. Using the NSOM/QD and confocal imaging systems, we found that cold caused microscale redistribution of lipid raft markers, GM1 for lipid and CD59 for protein, from the peripheral part of microdomains to the central part on Jurkat T cells, and that cold also induced the nanoscale size-enlargement (1/3- to 2/3-fold) of the nanoclusters of lipid raft markers and even the colocalization of GM1 and CD59 nanoclusters. These findings indicate cold-induced lateral rearrangement/coalescence of raft-related membrane heterogeneity. The cold-induced re-distribution of lipid raft markers under a nearly-natural condition provide clues for their alternations, and help to propose a model in which raft lipids associate themselves or interact with protein components to generate functional membrane heterogeneity in response to stimulus. The data also underscore the possible cold-induced artifacts in early-described cold-related experiments and the detergent-resistance-based analyses of lipid rafts at 4 degrees C, and provide a biophysical explanation for recently-reported cold-induced activation of signaling pathways in T cells. Importantly, our fluorescence-topographic NSOM imaging demonstrated that GM1/CD59 raft markers distributed and re-distributed at mounds but not depressions of T-cell membrane fluctuations. Such mound-top distribution of lipid raft markers or lipid rafts provides spatial advantage for lipid rafts or contact molecules interacting readily with neighboring cells or free molecules.",
        "keywords": [
            "physics",
            "lipid raft",
            "biology",
            "flow cytometry",
            "chemistry",
            "generating function",
            "jurkat cells",
            "medicine",
            "engineering",
            "signaling pathway"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Qin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheng W Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PloS one",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "crdkdxY5": {
        "id": "crdkdxY5",
        "title": "Photoinactivation effects of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether on Gram-positive and -negative bacteria detected by atomic force microscopy.",
        "abstract": "The photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy as a promising approach for efficiently killing pathogenic microbes is attracting increasing interest. In this study, the cytotoxic and phototoxic effects of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) on the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. The cell viability was assessed by colony-forming unit method, and the results indicated that there was no significant cytotoxicity but high phototoxicity in the examined concentrations. Notably, the Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to HMME in phototoxicity. Simultaneously, an atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to detect the changes in morphological and nanomechanical properties of bacteria before and after HMME treatment. AFM images indicate that upon photoinactivation, the bacterial surface changed from a smooth, homogeneous architecture to a heterogenous, crackled morphology. The force spectroscopy measurements reveal that the cell wall became less rigid and the Young's modulus decreased about 50%, whereas the tip-cell-surface adhesion forces increased significantly compared to those of native cells. It was speculated that the photodynamic effects of HMME induced the changes in the chemical composition of the outer membrane and exposure of some proteins inside the envelope. AFM can be utilized as a powerful and sensitive method for studying the interaction between bacteria and drugs.",
        "keywords": [
            "hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether.apdt. bacteria.atomic force microscopy",
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "cell viability",
            "outer membrane",
            "chemical composition",
            "cell wall",
            "atomic force microscope",
            "colony forming unit"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hua Jin",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xun Huang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi China 330031"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxia Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyan Ye",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feicheng Huang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Xing",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied microbiology and biotechnology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "hBtFplVb": {
        "id": "hBtFplVb",
        "title": "Time-dependent surface adhesive force and morphology of RBC measured by AFM.",
        "abstract": "Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a rapidly developing tool recently introduced into the evaluation of the age of bloodstains, potentially providing legal medical experts useful information for forensic investigation. In this study, the time-dependent, morphological changes of red blood cells (RBC) under three different conditions (including controlled, room-temperature condition, uncontrolled, outdoor-environmental condition, and controlled, low-temperature condition) were observed by AFM, as well as the cellular viscoelasticity via force-vs-distance curve measurements. Firstly, the data indicate that substrate types have different effects on cellular morphology of RBC. RBC presented the typical biconcave shape on mica, whereas either the biconcave shape or flattened shape was evident on glass. The mean volume of RBCs on mica was significantly larger than that of cells on glass. Surprisingly, the adhesive property of RBC membrane surfaces was substrate type-independent (the adhesive forces were statistically similar on glass and mica). With time lapse, the changes in cell volume and adhesive force of RBC under the controlled room-temperature condition were similar to those under the uncontrolled outdoor-environmental condition. Under the controlled low-temperature condition, however, the changes in cell volume occurred mainly due to the collapse of RBCs, and the curves of adhesive force showed the dramatic alternations in viscoelasticity of RBC. Taken together, the AFM detections on the time-dependent, substrate type-dependent, environment (temperature/humidity)-dependent changes in morphology and surface viscoelasticity of RBC imply a potential application of AFM in forensic medicine or investigations, e.g., estimating age of bloodstain or death time.",
        "keywords": [
            "red blood cell (rbc)",
            "adhesive force",
            "forensic medicine",
            "atomic force microscopy (afm)",
            "morphology",
            "bloodstain age",
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "room temperature"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yangzhe Wu",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, 601 Huang Pu Da DaoXi, Guangzhou 510632, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Hu",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, 601 Huang Pu Da DaoXi, Guangzhou 510632, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuyuan Ma",
                "org": "The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoping Wang",
                "org": "The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunlong Pan",
                "org": "The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "xbg0phZY": {
        "id": "xbg0phZY",
        "title": "Chromosome imaging by atomic force microscopy: influencing factors and comparative evaluation.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "influencing factors",
            "comparative evaluation",
            "atomic force microscope",
            ". chromosomal ultrastructures",
            "atomic force microscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yangzhe Wu",
                "org": "Chemistry Department|Biomedical Engineering Department|College of Science and Engineering|Jinan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Chemistry Department|Biomedical Engineering Department|College of Science and Engineering|Jinan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longqiu Cheng",
                "org": "Jinan University Biomedical Engineering Department 510632 Guangzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenxi Wang",
                "org": "Jinan University College of Science and Engineering 510632 Guangzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Microbiology and Immunology|University of Illinois , Chicago"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of genetics",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "REfEzIlc": {
        "id": "REfEzIlc",
        "title": "Atomic force microscope tracking observation of Chinese hamster ovary cell mitosis.",
        "abstract": "CHO cells possess easily identifiable karyotypes, and CHO cell chromosomes are large and few in number, making these cells ideal for mutational and drug toxicity studies and suitable for investigations of animal chromosome structure. Here, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the tapping mode for detailed visualizations of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell chromosomes during various mitotic phases, including typical prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Based on our detailed observations, we were able to divide metaphase and anaphase into sub-phases: metaphase I, II and III, and anaphase I and II. Furthermore, we used the AFM error-signal mode to visualize chromosomal ultrastructures and cytokinesis. While these visualizations were all successful, we found that the image quality was affected by cellular debris, contamination. Collectively, our results show that the AFM technique has great potential for the detailed study of chromosomes and chromosomal ultrastructures during all phases of the cell cycle, but that careful standards of sample preparation must be maintained.",
        "keywords": [
            "sister chromatid",
            "chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells",
            "chromosome",
            "atomic force microscope",
            "mitosis",
            "atomic force microscopy",
            "chinese hamster ovary cells",
            "sample preparation",
            "chinese hamster ovary",
            "cell cycle",
            "image quality"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yangzhe Wu",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Longqiu Cheng",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanfang Xu",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyan Lin",
                "org": "Chemistry Department, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenxi Wang",
                "org": "College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "8uAepfFX": {
        "id": "8uAepfFX",
        "title": "Study on the metamorphosis of InP self-organized islands grown on GaxIn1-xP buffer layers",
        "abstract": "The morphology of InP self-organized islands grown on GaInP buffer layer was calculated by employing the combination of the elastic energy Er caused by the stress of the buffer layer and the excessive surface energy of the island Es. The result shows that the island morphology is affected by the mismatch between GaxIn1-xP buffer layer and InP island. With Ga content increasing in GaInP layer, the island elongates itself with mismatch increasing. The island metamorphosis was elongated also with volume increasing of the island. The parameters of the buffer layer determine the volume of the island which is at the minimized state. The morphology of different InP/GaxIn1-xP systems, grown on GaAs substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition method, was consistent with our calculations.",
        "keywords": [
            "Metal organic chemical vapor deposition",
            "Metamorphosis",
            "Self-organized",
            "Surface energy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hao Wang",
                "org": "South China Normal University(South China Normal University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gucheng Zeng",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changjun Liao",
                "org": "South China Normal University(South China Normal University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiye Cai",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuwen Zheng",
                "org": "South China Normal University(South China Normal University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guanghan Fan",
                "org": "South China Normal University(South China Normal University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jinan University(Jinan University),Jinan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Songhao Liu",
                "org": "South China Normal University(South China Normal University),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wuli Xuebao/Acta Physica Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "5U4COHnU": {
        "id": "5U4COHnU",
        "title": "Exact Analytical Solutions of the Generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff Equation Using Symbolic Computation",
        "abstract": "By means of generalized Riccati equation expansion method and symbolic computation, some exact analytical solutions, which contain soliton-like solutions and periodic-like solutions to the generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (GCBS) equation, are obtained. From our results, the solitary-wave solutions and previously known soliton-like solutions of the special cases of GCBS equation can be recovered.",
        "keywords": [
            "soliton-like solutions",
            "symbolic computation",
            "nonlinear evolution equation",
            "generalized riccati equation expansion method",
            "solitary wave solution",
            "riccati equation",
            "analytic solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics,Ningbo University,Ningbo,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Czechoslovak Journal of Physics",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "JqOMCkSo": {
        "id": "JqOMCkSo",
        "title": "Explicit exact solutions for compound KdV-type and compound KdV–Burgers-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we improved a method presented previously (Phys. Lett. A 285 (2001) 355) by means of a proper transformation. Applying the improved method, we consider the generalized compound KdV-type and compound KdV–Burgers-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order. As a result, many explicit exact solutions, which contain new solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and the combined formal solitary wave solutions, are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "dO5bfDqn": {
        "id": "dO5bfDqn",
        "title": "A new generalization of extended tanh-function method for solving nonlinear evolution equations",
        "abstract": "Making use of a new generalized ansätze and a proper transformation, we generalized the extended tanh-function method. Applying the generalized method with the aid of Maple, we consider some nonlinear evolution equations. As a result, we can successfully recover the previously known solitary wave solutions that had been found by the extended tanh-function method and other more sophisticated methods. More importantly, for some equations, we also obtain other new and more general solutions at the same time. The results include kink-profile solitary-wave solutions, bell-profile solitary-wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, rational solutions, singular solutions and new formal solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "exact solutions",
            "nonlinear evolution equations",
            "riccati equation",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XueDong Zheng",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "7m6HbXDB": {
        "id": "7m6HbXDB",
        "title": "Solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates with time-dependent atomic scattering length in an expulsive parabolic and complex potential",
        "abstract": "We present two families of analytical solutions of the one-dimensional\nnonlinear Schr\\\"{o}dinger equation which describe the dynamics of bright and\ndark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with the time-dependent\ninteratomic interaction in an expulsive parabolic and complex potential. We\nalso demonstrate that the lifetime of both a bright soliton and a dark soliton\nin BECs can be extended by reducing both the ratio of the axial oscillation\nfrequency to radial oscillation frequency and the loss of atoms. It is\ninterested that a train of bright solitons may be excited with a strong enough\nbackground. An experimental protocol is further designed for observing this\nphenomenon.",
        "keywords": [
            "oscillations",
            "josephson effect",
            "analytic solution",
            "bose einstein condensate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Fei Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu-Qi Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "W. M. Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical Review A",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "3lBVkVx0": {
        "id": "3lBVkVx0",
        "title": "Kac-Moody-Virasoro symmetry algebra of (2+1)-Dimensional dispersive long-Wave equation with arbitrary order invariant",
        "abstract": "By Lie symmetry method, the Lie point symmetries and its Kac-Moody-Virasoro (KMV) symmetry algebra of (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long-wave equation (DLWE) are obtained, and the finite transformation of DLWE is given by symmetry group direct method, which can recover Lie point symmetries. Then KMV symmetry algebra of DLWE with arbitrary order invariant is also obtained. On basis of this algebra the group invariant solutions and similarity reductions are also derived. © 2010 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Dispersive long-wave equation",
            "Group invariant solutions",
            "KacMoodyVirasoro symmetry algebra",
            "Symmetry reduction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Huan-Ping",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "VnScBvje": {
        "id": "VnScBvje",
        "title": "Generalized Riccati equation expansion method and its application to the (3+1)-dimensional Jumbo-Miwa equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the computerized symbolic system Maple and a Riccati equation, a generalized Riccati equation expansion method for constructing soliton-like solutions of non-linear evolution equations (NEEs) is presented by a new general ansatz. The proposed method is more powerful than most of the existing tanh methods, the extended tanh-function method, the modified extended tanh-function method and generalized hyperbolic-function method. By use of the method, we not only can successfully recover the previously known formal solutions but also construct new and more general formal solutions for some NEEs. Making use of the method, we study the the (3+1)-dimensional Jumbo-Miwa equation and obtain rich new families of the exact solutions, including the non-travelling wave and coefficient functions' soliton-like solutions, singular soliton-like solutions, periodic form solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "(3+1)-dimensional jumbo-miwa equation",
            "generalized riccati equation expansion method",
            "soliton-like solutions",
            "symbolic computation",
            "1 dimensional",
            "exact solution",
            "riccati equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengnong Xuan",
                "org": "Department of Computer, Nanjing University of Economics, Nanjing 210003, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "ha3kpSjh": {
        "id": "ha3kpSjh",
        "title": "Travelling wave solutions for generalized pochhammer-chree equations",
        "abstract": "In this paper, by means of a proper transformation and symbolic computation, we study the travelling wave reduction for the generalized Pochhammer-Chree (PC) equations (1.3) and (1.4) by use of the recently proposed extended-tanh method. As a result, rich travelling wave solutions, which include kink-shaped solitons, bell-shaped solitons, periodic solutions, rational solutions, singular solitons, are obtained. At the same time, using a direct assumption method, the more general bell-shaped solitons for the generalized PC Eq. (1.3) are obtained. The properties of the solutions are show in figures.",
        "keywords": [
            "extended-tanh method",
            "generalized pc equations",
            "solitons",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section A Journal of Physical Sciences",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "vnUEKkwb": {
        "id": "vnUEKkwb",
        "title": "Some exact solutions to the inhomogeneous higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation by a direct method",
        "abstract": "By symbolic computation and a direct method, this paper presents some exact analytical solutions of the one-dimensional generalized inhomogeneous higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation with variable coefficients, which include bright solitons, dark solitons, combined solitary wave solutions, dromions, dispersion-managed solitons, etc. The abundant structure of these solutions are shown by some interesting figures with computer simulation. © 2010 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Inhomogeneous high-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation",
            "Solitary wave solutions",
            "Symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhang Huan-Ping",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "US99fU0V": {
        "id": "US99fU0V",
        "title": "Full symmetry groups, Painlevé integrability and exact solutions of the nonisospectral BKP equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the generalized symmetry group method presented by Lou and Ma [Lou and Ma, Non-Lie symmetry groups of (2 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear systems obtained from a simple direct method, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38 (2005) L129], firstly, both the Lie point groups and the full symmetry group of the nonisospectral BKP equation are obtained, at the same time, a relationship is constructed between the new solutions and the old ones of equation. Secondly, the nonisospectral BKP can be proved to be Painlevé integrability by combining the standard WTC approach with the Kruskal’s simplification, some solutions are obtained by using the standard truncated Painlevé expansion. Finally, based on the relationship by the generalized symmetry group method and some solutions by using the standard truncated Painlevé expansion, some interesting solution are constructed. Keywords Symmetry group Nonisospectral BKP equation Painlevé analysis Solitons",
        "keywords": [
            "nonisospectral bkp equation",
            "painlevé analysis",
            "solitons",
            "symmetry group",
            "nonlinear system",
            "exact solution",
            "direct method"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huan-ping Zhang",
                "org": "Nonlinear Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "MM Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "0l9fmOBF": {
        "id": "0l9fmOBF",
        "title": "Bäcklund transformation and exact solutions for a new generalized Zakharov-Kuzentsov equation with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "In this paper, with the help of symbolic computation, a new Bäcklund transformation (BT) for a new generalized Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation with nonlinear term of any order, ut+aupux+bu2pux+γu xy-δuxxx+ρuxyy= 0, is obtained by using the homogeneous balance method. Based on the BT, some exact solutions are presented.",
        "keywords": [
            "bäcklund transformation",
            "explicit exact solution",
            "generalized zakharov-kuznetsov equation",
            "homogeneous balance method",
            "mathematica",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "TFL4AUlN": {
        "id": "TFL4AUlN",
        "title": "General projective Riccati equation method and exact solutions for generalized KdV-type and KdV–Burgers-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "Applying the improved generalized method, which is a direct and unified algebraic method for constructing multiple travelling wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations and implemented in a computer algebraic system, we consider the KdV-type equations and KdV–Burgers-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order. As a result, we can not only successfully recover the previously known travelling wave solutions found by existing various tanh methods and other sophisticated methods, but also obtain some new formal solutions. The solutions obtained include kink-shaped solitons, bell-shaped solitons, singular solitons and periodic solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "riccati equation",
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "MM Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "wX5nnJ27": {
        "id": "wX5nnJ27",
        "title": "Finite symmetry transformation groups and some exact solutions to (2+1)-dimensional cubic nonlinear schrödinger equantion",
        "abstract": "Making use of the direct method proposed by Lou et al. and symbolic computation, finite symmetry transformation groups for a (2+1)-dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation and its corresponding cylindrical NLS equations are presented. Nine related linear independent infinitesimal generators can be obtained from the finite symmetry transformation groups by restricting the arbitrary constants in infinitesimal forms. Some exact solutions are derived from a simple travelling wave solution. © 2009 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cubic nls equation",
            "Exact solution",
            "Symmetry groups"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuqi Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "ZYPun30i": {
        "id": "ZYPun30i",
        "title": "Explicit Exact Solutions for Some Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations with Nonlinear Terms of Any Order",
        "abstract": "In this paper, by introducing some appropriate transformation and with the help of symbolic computation, we study exact travelling wave solutions for the high-order modified Boussinesq equation, a single nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation and a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonlinear terms of any order by use of the extended-tanh method. Thus, some new exact travelling-wave solutions, which contain kink-shaped solitons, bell-shaped solitons, periodic solutions, combined formal solitons, rational solutions and singular solitons for these equations, are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "generalized nonlinear schrodinger equation",
            "47.35.+i",
            "symbolic computation",
            "nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation",
            "soli- tons",
            "high-order modified boussinesq equation",
            "pacs : 05.45.yv",
            "52.35.sb key words: extended-tanh method",
            "boussinesq equation",
            "reaction diffusion equation",
            "nonlinear schrodinger equation",
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics|Dalian University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics|Dalian University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics|Dalian University of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Czechoslovak Journal of Physics",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "gRnSDUKd": {
        "id": "gRnSDUKd",
        "title": "On exact solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equations in optical fiber",
        "abstract": "In this paper, with the help of symbolic computation, the projective Riccati equations method is extended to find some new exact solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger model with varying dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain or absorption. As a result, four families of Soliton-like solutions in these models are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "symbolic computation",
            "exact solution",
            "optical fiber",
            "riccati equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "xvmlcqLC": {
        "id": "xvmlcqLC",
        "title": "An extended subequation rational expansion method with symbolic computation and solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation model",
        "abstract": "To construct exact analytical solutions of nonlinear evolution equations, an extended subequation rational expansion method is presented and used to construct solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with varing dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain or absorption. As a result, many previous known results of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation can be recovered by means of some suitable selections of the arbitrary functions and arbitrary constants. With computer simulation, the properties of a new non-travelling wave soliton-like solutions with coefficient functions and some elliptic function solutions are shown by some figures.",
        "keywords": [
            "like-periodic function solution",
            "subequation rational expansion method",
            "schrödinger equation",
            "like-solitons",
            "elliptic function",
            "schrodinger equation",
            "computer simulation",
            "analytic solution",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "4QX7cx9a": {
        "id": "4QX7cx9a",
        "title": "Infinitely many symmetries and symmetry reduction of (2+1)-dimensional generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation",
        "abstract": "Integrability condition of (2+1)-dimensional generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation are obtained by Painléve-test. Based on this condition and Painléve-test, the bilinear form of GCBS equation is found. Towards this bilinear form infinitely many formal series symmetries are found by the formal series symmetry method, the obtained symmetries are used to get the symmetry reductions of GCBS equation. ©2009 Chin. Phys. Soc.",
        "keywords": [
            "Generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation",
            "Infinitely many symmetries",
            "Symmetry reduction",
            "Truncated symmetries"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhang Huan-Ping",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wuli Xuebao/Acta Physica Sinica",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "NukUNzNt": {
        "id": "NukUNzNt",
        "title": "Finite symmetry transformation groups and exact solutions of konopelchenko-dubrovsky equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the general direct method developed by Lou et al. [J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38 (2005) L129], the symmetry group theorem is obtained, from that both the Lie point groups and the non-Lie symmetry groups of the Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky (KD) equation are obtained. From the theorem, some exact solutions of KD equation are derived from a simple travelling wave solution and a multi-soliton solution. © 2009 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Konopelchenko Dubrovsky equation",
            "Solitons",
            "Symmetry group"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HuanPing Zhang",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "K94Px5sC": {
        "id": "K94Px5sC",
        "title": "Explicit exact solutions for new general two-dimensional KdV-type and two-dimensional KdV-Burgers-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we have improved the tanh-method by means of a proper transformation and a general ansatz. Applying the improved method and direct assumption method with symbolic computation, we consider two kinds of equations, general two-dimensional KdV-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order, (u t + au pu x + bu 2pu x + δu xxx) x + su yy = 0, and general two-dimensional KdV-Burgers-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order, (u t + au pu x + bu 2pu x + yu xx + δu xxx) x + su yy = 0. As a result, rich explicit exact solutions for these two equations, which contain kink-profile solitary-wave solutions, bell-profile solitary-wave solutions, rational solutions, periodic solutions and combined formal solutions, are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "E4dhwIJE": {
        "id": "E4dhwIJE",
        "title": "Explicit exact solutions for a new generalized Hamiltonian amplitude equation with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "Making use of a proper transformation and a generalized ansatz, we consider a new generalized Hamiltonian amplitude equation with nonlinear terms of any order, iu x  +  u tt + (α| u| p + β| u| 2 p) u + δ u xt = 0. As a result, many explicit exact solutions, which include kink-shaped soliton solutions, bell-shaped soliton solutions, periodic wave solutions, the combined formal solitary wave solutions and rational solutions, are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "exact solution",
            "extended tanh method",
            "generalized hamiltonian amplitude equation",
            "solitary wave solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Mathematik Und Physik",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "LzQz1xln": {
        "id": "LzQz1xln",
        "title": "Symbolic Computation and Construction of Soliton-Like Solutions to the (2+1)-Dimensional Breaking Soliton Equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the computerized symbolic system Maple, a new generalized expansion method of Riccati equation for constructing non-travelling wave and coefficient functions' soliton-like solutions is presented by a new general ansätz. Making use of the method, we consider the (2+1)-dimensional breaking soliton equation, ut + buxxy + 4buvx + 4buxv = 0, uy = vx, and obtain rich new families of the exact solutions of the breaking soliton equation, including the non-travelling wave and constant function soliton-like solutions, singular soliton-like solutions, and triangular function solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "breaking soliton equation",
            "generalized expansion method of riccati equation",
            "soliton-like solutions",
            "solitons",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "8lRFj1HP": {
        "id": "8lRFj1HP",
        "title": "Symbolic computation and construction of soliton-like solutions for a breaking soliton equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the symbolic computation system–– Maple and a Riccati equation, by introducing a new more general ansätz than the ansätz in the tanh method, extended tanh-function method, modified extended tanh-function method, generalized tanh method and generalized hyperbolic-function method, we propose a generalized Riccati equation expansion method for searching for exact soliton-like solutions of nonlinear evolution equations and implemented in computer symbolic system––Maple. Making use of our method, we study a typical breaking soliton equation and obtain new families of exact solutions, which include the nontravelling wave’ and coefficient function’ soliton-like solutions, singular soliton-like solutions and periodic solutions. The arbitrary functions of some solutions are taken to be some special constants or functions, the known solutions of this equation can be recovered.",
        "keywords": [
            "riccati equation",
            "exact solution",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengnong Xuan",
                "org": "Department of Computer, Nanjing University of Economics, Nanjing 210003, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "0orMdNYW": {
        "id": "0orMdNYW",
        "title": "New exact solutions for some nonlinear differential equations using symbolic computation",
        "abstract": "Based on computerized symbolic computation and a new general ansätze, a generalized tanh-function method for constructing multiple travelling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NEEs) is presented and implemented in a computer algebraic system. Applying the generalized method, with the aid of Maple , we consider some NEEs with physics interests. As a result, we can successfully recover the previously known solitary wave solutions that had been found by the extended tanh-function method and other more sophisticated methods. More importantly, for some equations, we also obtain other new and more general solutions at same time. The results include kink-profile solitary-wave solutions, bell-profile solitary-wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, rational solutions, singular solutions and new formal solutions. The properties of the new soliton solutions for WBK equations are shown by some figures.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuedong Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "eZ2bKkAU": {
        "id": "eZ2bKkAU",
        "title": "Auto-Bäcklund transformation and exact solutions for modified nonlinear dispersive mK(m,n) equations",
        "abstract": "Based on the idea of homogenous balance method and with the help of Mathematica , we obtain a new auto-Bäcklund transformation for modified nonlinear dispersive equation mK ( m , n ). Then based on the Bäcklund transformation, some solitary patterns solution for mK ( m , n ) equation are derived. In addition, we also obtain the general solutions for mK ( n , n ) in higher dimensional spatial domains, even in N dimensional space.",
        "keywords": [
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "bHmIStWk": {
        "id": "bHmIStWk",
        "title": "acklund Transformations and Exact Solutions for the Generalized Two-Dimensional Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers-type Equations and Burgers-type Equations",
        "abstract": "In this paper, based on the idea of the homogeneous balance method and with the help of Mathemat- ica, we obtain a new auto-Backlund transformation for the generalized two-dimensional Korteweg- de Vries-Burgers-type equation and a new auto-Backlund transformation for the generalized two- dimensional Burgers-type equation by introducing two appropriate transformations. Then, based on these two auto-Backlund transformation, some exact solutions for these equations are derived. Some figures are given to show the properties of the solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "homogeneous balance method",
            "solitary-wave solution",
            "auto-backlund transformation",
            "two-dimensional burgers-type equation",
            "mathematica.",
            "two-dimensional korteweg-de vries-burgers-type equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics|Dalian University of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 0
    },
    "4Fv6LjlX": {
        "id": "4Fv6LjlX",
        "title": "Adaptive control and function projective synchronization in 2d discrete-time chaotic systems",
        "abstract": "This study addresses the adaptive control and function projective synchronization problems between 2D Rulkov discrete-time system and Network discrete-time system. Based on backstepping design with three controllers, a systematic, concrete and automatic scheme is developed to investigate the function projective synchronization of discrete-time chaotic systems. In addition, the adaptive control function is applied to achieve the state synchronization of two discrete-time systems. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. © 2009 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Adaptive control",
            "Adaptive function projective synchronization",
            "Backstepping design",
            "Discrete-time chaotic system"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yin Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "zPGXBCoK": {
        "id": "zPGXBCoK",
        "title": "Adaptive function projective synchronization of discrete-time chaotic systems",
        "abstract": "By backstepping control law and the active control method, adaptive function projective synchronization of 2D and 3D discrete-time chaotic systems with uncertain parameters are investigated. To illustrate the effectiveness of the new scheme, some numerical examples are given. © 2009 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yin Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "OVrG1u3x": {
        "id": "OVrG1u3x",
        "title": "New exact solutions for modified nonlinear dispersive equations mK(m,n) in higher dimensions spaces",
        "abstract": "With the use of some proper transformations and symbolic computation, we present a general and unified method for investigating the general modified nonlinear dispersive equations mK ( m , n ) in higher dimensions spaces. The work formally shows how to construct the general solutions and some special exact-solutions for mK ( m , n ) equations in higher dimensional spatial domains. The general solutions not only contain the solutions by Wazwaz [Math. Comput. Simulation 59 (2002) 519] but also contain many new compact and noncompact solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "symbolic computation",
            "travelling wave solution",
            "n ) equations",
            "mk ( m",
            "computer simulation",
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Mathematics and Computers in Simulation",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "3FPtUJe3": {
        "id": "3FPtUJe3",
        "title": "Exact travelling wave solutions for a generalized Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation",
        "abstract": "In this paper, by means of a proper transformation and symbolic computation, we study the exact travelling wave solutions for a generalized Zakharov–Kuznetsov (GZK) equation by using the extended-tanh method and direct assumption method. As a result, rich exact travelling wave solutions, which contain new kink-shaped solitons, bell-shaped solitons, periodic solutions, combined formal solitons, rational solutions and singular solitons for GZK equation, are obtained.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "Z2PrH53y": {
        "id": "Z2PrH53y",
        "title": "Auto-Bäcklund transformations and exact solutions for some nonlinear partial differential equations with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "In this paper, by introducing some proper transformations, the applied range of the homogenous balance (HB) method is extended.\n With the help ofMathematica, we obtain three auto-B�cklund transformations (BT) for the generalized Fithugh-Nagumo equation, the generalized Burgers-Fisher\n equation, the generalized Burgers-Huxley equation, respectively, by use of the extended HB method. From these BTs, some exact\n solutions for these equations are derived.",
        "keywords": [
            "generalized burgers- huxley equation",
            "generalized burgers-fisher equation",
            "symbolic computation",
            "homogenous balance method",
            "solitons",
            "generalized fithugh- nagumo equation",
            "b/icklund transformation",
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology Department of Applied Mathematics 116024 Dalian China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology Department of Applied Mathematics 116024 Dalian China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology Department of Applied Mathematics 116024 Dalian China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Czechoslovak Journal of Physics",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "Tgni16yT": {
        "id": "Tgni16yT",
        "title": "A generalized sub-equation expansion method and some analytical solutions to the inhomogeneous higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation",
        "abstract": "On the basis of symbolic computation a generalized sub-equation expansion method is presented for constructing some exact analytical solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. To illustrate the validity of the method, we investigate the exact analytical solutions of the inhomogeneous high-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (IHNLSE) including not only the group velocity dispersion, self-phase-modulation, but also various high-order effects, such as the third-order dispersion, self-steepening and self-frequency shift. As a result, a broad class of exact analytical, solutions of the IHNLSE are obtained. From our results, many previous solutions of some nonlinear Schrödinger-type equations can be recovered by means of suitable selections of the arbitrary functions and arbitrary constants. With the aid of computer simulation, the abundant structure of bright and dark solitary wave solutions, combined-type solitary wave solutions, dispersion-managed solitary wave solutions, Jacobi elliptic function solutions and Weierstrass elliptic function solutions are shown by some figures. © 2008 Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung.",
        "keywords": [
            "elliptic function solutions",
            "inhomogeneous high-order nls equation",
            "solitary wave solutions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuqi Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section A Journal of Physical Sciences",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "PZitxmpM": {
        "id": "PZitxmpM",
        "title": "Exact solutions for a new class of nonlinear evolution equations with nonlinear term of any order",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we consider a new class of nonlinear partial differential equations with nonlinear term of any order, u tt + a 1 u xx + a 2 u + a 3 u p + a 4 u 2 p −1 =0, which contains some particular important equations. We give a new kind of transformation and a new generalized ansätze to treat this class of equations. As a result, many explicit exact solutions, which contain new kink-profile solitary-wave solutions, bell-profile solitary-wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and combined formal solitary-wave solutions, are obtained by the extended method. In addition, we also can derive rational solutions for this class of equations.",
        "keywords": [
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "iOdLWRhT": {
        "id": "iOdLWRhT",
        "title": "Conservation laws of discrete Lax equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu-Qi Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physics A-mathematical and Theoretical",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "tXyZS7up": {
        "id": "tXyZS7up",
        "title": "Generalized Cascade Synchronization of Discrete-time Henon-like Map",
        "abstract": "This Letter addresses the generalized cascade synchronization problem of discrete-time hyperchaotic systems. By choosing a general kind of proportional scaling error functions and based on rigorous control theory, we take the discrete-time Henon-like map as a example to achieve the generalized cascade synchronization. Numerical simulations are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique.",
        "keywords": [
            "proposed technique",
            "discrete-time henon-like map",
            "discrete-time hyperchaotic systems",
            "henon mapping",
            "cascade systems",
            "generalized cascade synchronization",
            "proportional scaling error functions",
            "nonlinear control systems",
            "generalized cascade synchronization problem",
            "discrete-time hyperchaotic system",
            "proportional scaling error function",
            "numerical simulation",
            "discrete time systems",
            "general kind",
            "control theory",
            "chaos synchronization",
            "rigorous control theory",
            "synchronisation",
            "mathematics",
            "mathematical model",
            "discrete time",
            "synchronization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICYCS",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "agkSSLx6": {
        "id": "agkSSLx6",
        "title": "Three types of generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations arising from baroclinic potential vorticity equation",
        "abstract": "By means of the reductive perturbation method, three types of generalized (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equations are derived from the baroclinic potential vorticity (BPV) equation, including the modified KP (mKP) equation, standard KP equation and cylindrical KP (cKP) equation. Then some solutions of generalized cKP and KP equations with certain conditions are given directly and a relationship between the generalized mKP equation and the mKP equation is established by the symmetry group direct method proposed by Lou et al. From the relationship and the solutions of the mKP equation, some solutions of the generalized mKP equation can be obtained. Furthermore, some approximate solutions of the baroclinic potential vorticity equation are derived from three types of generalized KP equations. © 2010 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Approximate solution",
            "Baroclinic potential vorticity equation",
            "Generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation",
            "Symmetry groups"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhang Huan-Ping",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Huang",
                "org": "Ocean University of China(Ocean University of China,Ocean University of Qingdao),Qingdao,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "hDw3K9YG": {
        "id": "hDw3K9YG",
        "title": "Exact traveling wave solutions for some nonlinear evolution equations with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we improved the tanh method by means of a proper transformation and general ansätz. Using the improved method, with the aid of Mathematica™, we consider some nonlinear evolution equations with nonlinear terms of any order. As a result, rich explicit exact traveling wave solutions for these equations, which contain kink profile solitary wave solutions, bell profile solitary wave solutions, rational solutions, periodic solutions, and combined formal solutions, are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "exact traveling wave solutions",
            "nonlinear evolution equations",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Modern Physics C",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "qOvR43rR": {
        "id": "qOvR43rR",
        "title": "Auto-Bäcklund Transformations and Exact Solutions for the Generalized Two-Dimensional Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers-type Equations and Burgers-type Equations",
        "abstract": "In this paper, based on the idea of the homogeneous balance method and with the help of Mathematica, we obtain a new auto-Bäcklund transformation for the generalized two-dimensional Kortewegde Vries-Burgers-type equation and a new auto-Bäcklund transformation for the generalized two-dimensional Burgers-type equation by introducing two appropriate transformations. Then, based on these two auto-Bäcklund transformation, some exact solutions for these equations are derived. Some figures are given to show the properties of the solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "auto-bäcklund transformation",
            "homogeneous balance method",
            "mathematica",
            "solitary-wave solution",
            "two-dimensional burgers-type equation",
            "two-dimensional korteweg-de vries-burgers-type equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section A Journal of Physical Sciences",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "WLQHruaD": {
        "id": "WLQHruaD",
        "title": "ANTICIPATED FUNCTION SYNCHRONIZATION WITH UNKNOWN PARAMETERS OF DISCRETE-TIME CHAOTIC SYSTEMS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "anticipated function synchronization",
            "backstepping design",
            "fold maps",
            "hénon maps",
            "partial differential equation",
            "guided wave",
            "discrete time",
            "numerical simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "YIN LI",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "BIAO LI",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "YONG CHEN",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Modern Physics C",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "oSlKRusY": {
        "id": "oSlKRusY",
        "title": "The stochastic soliton-like solutions of stochastic mKdV equations",
        "abstract": "In this paper, the generally projective Riccati equations method is improved by means of a generalized transformation. The improved method can be applied to find not only some exact travelling wave solutions but also some soliton-like solutions with the aid of symbolic computation system — Maple. We choose Wick-type stochastic mKdV equations to illustrate the method. As a result, some stochastic soliton-like solutions are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "extended projective riccati equation method",
            "stochastic soliton-like solutions",
            "stochastic mkdv equations",
            "riccati equation",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics Ningbo University 315211 Ningbo China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Czechoslovak Journal of Physics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "OD6zIGfL": {
        "id": "OD6zIGfL",
        "title": "Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations Solved by Projective Riccati Equations Ansatz",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "travelling wave solution.",
            "general projective riccati equations method",
            "symbolic computation",
            "nonlinear partial differential equation",
            "riccati equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "MYQaktHR": {
        "id": "MYQaktHR",
        "title": "Symbolic computation and solitons of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in inhomogeneous optical fiber media",
        "abstract": "In this paper, the inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the loss/gain and the frequency chirping is investigated. With the help of symbolic computation, three families of exact analytical solutions are presented by employing the extended projective Riccati equation method. From our results, many previous known results of nonlinear Schrödinger equation obtained by some authors can be recovered by means of some suitable selections of the arbitrary functions and arbitrary constants. Of optical and physical interests, soliton propagation and soliton interaction are discussed and simulated by computer, which include snake-soliton propagation and snake-solitons interaction, boomerang-like soliton propagation and boomerang-like solitons interaction, dispersion managed (DM) bright (dark) soliton propagation and DM solitons interaction.",
        "keywords": [
            "analytic solution",
            "optical fiber",
            "symbolic computation",
            "riccati equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "MM Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "a4IQgOea": {
        "id": "a4IQgOea",
        "title": "New explicit exact solutions for a generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV system and a coupled MKdV equation",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we make use of a new generalized ansatz in the homogeneous balance method, the well-known Riccati equation and the symbolic computation to study a generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV system and a coupled MKdV equation, respectively. As a result, numerous explicit exact solutions, comprising new solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and the combined formal solitary wave solutions and periodic wave solutions, are obtained. © 2003 Chin. Phys. Soc. and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Coupled MKdV system",
            "Periodic wave solution",
            "Riccati equation",
            "Solitary wave solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Zhen-Ya",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Hong-Qing",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "T23s8Aug": {
        "id": "T23s8Aug",
        "title": "Elliptic equation rational expansion method and new exact travelling solutions for Whitham–Broer–Kaup equations",
        "abstract": "Based on a new general ansatz and a general subepuation, a new general algebraic method named elliptic equation rational expansion method is devised for constructing multiple travelling wave solutions in terms of rational special function for nonlinear evolution equations (NEEs). We apply the proposed method to solve Whitham–Broer–Kaup equation and explicitly construct a series of exact solutions which include rational form solitary wave solution, rational form triangular periodic wave solutions and rational wave solutions as special cases. In addition, the links among our proposed method with the method by Fan [Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2004;20:609], are also clarified generally.",
        "keywords": [
            "special functions",
            "exact solution",
            "elliptic equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "M.M. Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "M.M. Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "m7NuW7ce": {
        "id": "m7NuW7ce",
        "title": "A new Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method and its application to (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "With the aid of computerized symbolic computation, a new elliptic function rational expansion method is presented by means of a new general ansätz and is very powerful to uniformly construct more new exact doubly-periodic solutions in terms of rational formal Jacobi elliptic function of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). As an application of the method, we choose a (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation to illustrate the method. As a result, we can successfully obtain the solutions found by most existing Jacobi elliptic function methods and find other new and more general solutions at the same time. Of course, more shock wave solutions or solitary wave solutions can be gotten at their limit condition. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Hongqing",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "FM6HSTYE": {
        "id": "FM6HSTYE",
        "title": "A unified rational expansion method to construct a series of explicit exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations.",
        "abstract": "A unified basic frame of rational expansion methods is presented, which leads to closed-form solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). The new unified algorithms are given to find exact rational formal polynomial solutions of NLEEs in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions, solutions of the Riccati equation and solutions of the generalized Riccati equation. They can be implemented in symbolic computation system Maple. As applications of the methods, we choose some physical significance NLEEs to illustrate the methods. As a consequence, we not only can successfully obtain the solutions found by most existing Jacobi elliptic function methods and tanh methods, but also find other new and more general solutions at the same time.",
        "keywords": [
            "new unified algorithm",
            "unified basic frame",
            "jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method",
            "generalized riccati equation",
            "unified rational expansion method",
            "riccati equation",
            "jacobi elliptic function",
            "riccati equation rational expansion method",
            "nonlinear evolution equations",
            "physical significance nlees",
            "exact solutions",
            "explicit exact solution",
            "exact rational formal polynomial",
            "existing jacobi elliptic function",
            "symbolic computation",
            "rational expansion method",
            "nonlinear evolution equation",
            "exact solution",
            "jacobi elliptic functions",
            "closed form solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nonlinear Science Center and Department of Mathematics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China and Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "fsZ5sNZT": {
        "id": "fsZ5sNZT",
        "title": "New exact travelling wave solutions for the shallow long wave approximate equations",
        "abstract": "Based upon a generally projective Riccati equation method, which is a direct and unified algebraic method for constructing more general form travelling wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations and implemented in a computer algebraic system, we consider the shallow long wave approximate equations. New and more general form solutions are obtained, including kink-shaped solitons, bell-shaped solitons, singular solitons and periodic solutions. The properties of the new formal solitary wave solutions are shown by some figures.",
        "keywords": [
            "projective riccati equation method",
            "shallow long wave approximate equation",
            "exact solutions",
            "exact solution",
            "riccati equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "UuFJzwMt": {
        "id": "UuFJzwMt",
        "title": "A multiple Riccati equations rational expansion method and novel solutions of the Broer–Kaup–Kupershmidt system",
        "abstract": "To construct exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equation, a multiple Riccati equations rational expansion method (MRERE) is presented and a series of novel solutions of the Broer–Kaup–Kupershmidt system are found. The novel solutions obtained by MRERE method include solutions of hyperbolic (solitary) function and triangular periodic functions appearing at the same time.",
        "keywords": [
            "exact solution",
            "riccati equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nonlinear Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "YFMj6ppV": {
        "id": "YFMj6ppV",
        "title": "A series of new soliton-like solutions and double-like periodic solutions of a (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we extend the algebraic method proposed by Fan (Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 20 (2004) 609) and the improved extended tanh method by Yomba (Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 20 (2004) 1135) to uniformly construct a series of soliton-like solutions and double-like periodic solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDE). Some new soliton-like solutions and double-like periodic solutions of a (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation are obtained. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "QRsyOyRF": {
        "id": "QRsyOyRF",
        "title": "Generalized algebraic method and new exact traveling wave solutions for (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "With the help of the symbolic computation system Maple , a new generalized algebraic method to uniformly construct solutions in terms of special function of nonlinear partial differential equations is presented by means of a more general ansatz. As an application of the method, we choose a (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation to illustrate the method. As a result, we can successfully obtain the solutions found by the method proposed by Fan [E.G. Fan, Phys. Lett. A 300 (2002) 243] and find other new and more general solutions at the same time, which include polynomial solutions, exponential solutions, rational solutions, triangular periodic wave solutions, hyperbolic, and soliton solutions, Jacobi, and Weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions. Keywords Symbolic computation (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation Weierstrass and Jacobi elliptic functions Soliton solution Periodic solution 1 Introduction In recent years, nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) system are widely used to describe many important phenomena and dynamic processes in physics, mechanics, chemistry, biology, etc. With the development of symbolic computation, there have been a great amount of activities aiming to find methods for exact solution of nonlinear PDE system. Among those, the tanh method [1–3] provides a straightforward and effective algorithm to obtain such particular solutions for a large number of nonlinear PDE system, in which the starting point is the ansatz that the solution sought is expressible as a finite series of tanh function. Recently, much research work has been concentrated on the various extensions and applications of tanh method. Recently, Fan [4–6] has proposed an extended tanh-function method. More recently, Fan [7] and Yan [8] further developed this idea and made it much more lucid and straightforward for a class of nonlinear PDE system. Most recently, Elwakil et al. [9] modified extended tanh-function method and obtained some new exact solutions. Based on above work, Chen and Zheng [10,11] generalized extended tanh-function method. On the other hand, Gao and Tian [12,13] presented a generalized hyperbolic-function method by introducing coefficient functions. Li and Chen [14,15] presented the generalized Riccati equation expansion method to construct soliton-like solution of nonlinear PDE system. As we known, when applying above mentioned method, the choice of an appropriate ansatz is of great importance. Generally speaking, the more general ansatz proposed is, the more formals of solutions of nonlinear PDE system will be obtained. In [16] , Fan developed a new algebraic method which further exceeds the applicability of tanh method in obtaining a series of exact solutions of nonlinear PDE system. Compared with most of the existing tanh methods, the proposed method not only gives an unified formulation to construct various travelling wave solutions, but also provides a guideline to classify the various types of the travelling wave solutions according to the values of some parameters. The present work is motivated by the desire to generalize the work made in [16] by proposing a more general ansatz so that it can be used to obtained more types and general formal solutions which contain not only the results obtained by using the method [16] but also other types of solutions. For illustration, we apply the generalized method to solve (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation and successfully construct new and more general solutions including soliton wave solution, rational, triangular periodic, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions for (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation. This paper is organized as follows. In Section 2 , we summarize the generalized method. In Section 3 , we apply the generalized method to (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation and bring out many solutions. Conclusions will be presented in finally. 2 Summary of the improved method: Generalized extended tanh-function method In the following we would like to outline the main steps of our general method: Step 1. For a given nonlinear PDE system with some physical fields u i ( x , y , t ) in three variables x , y , t , (2.1) F i ( u i , u it , u ix , u iy , u itt , u ixt , u iyt , u ixx , u iyy , u ixy , … ) = 0 , use the wave transformation (2.2) u i ( x , y , t ) = u i ( ξ ) , ξ = k ( x + ly - λ t ) , where k , l and λ are constants to be determined later. Then the nonlinear partial differential (2.1) is reduced to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) system: (2.3) G i ( u i , u i ′ , u i ″ , … ) = 0 . Step 2. We introduce a new and more general ansatz in the forms: (2.4) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij ϕ j + b ij ϕ - j + f ij ϕ j - 1 ∑ p = 0 4 c p ϕ p + k ij ∑ p = 0 4 c p ϕ p ϕ j , where the new variable ϕ = ϕ ( ξ ) satisfies (2.5) ϕ ′ = d ϕ d ξ = ∑ p = 0 4 c p ϕ p , and a i 0 , a ij , b ij , f ij , k ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) are constants to be determined later. Compared with the method proposed by Fan [16] , our ansatz is more general than the ansatz presented in [16] . When b ij = f ij = k ij = 0 in (2.4), (2.4) becomes the ansatz proposed by Fan. Step 3. The underlying mechanism for a series of fundamental solutions such as polynomial, exponential, solitary wave, rational, triangular periodic, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions to occur is that differ effects that act to change wave forms in many nonlinear PDE, i.e. dispersion, dissipation and nonlinearity, either separately or various combination are able to balance out. We define the degree of u i ( ξ ) as D [ u i ( ξ )] = n i , which gives rise to the degrees of other expressions as (2.6) D u i ( α ) = n i + α , D u i β u j ( α ) s = n i β + ( α + n j ) s . Therefore we can get the value of m i in (2.4) . If n i is a nonnegative integer, then we first make the transformation u i = ω n i . Step 4. Substitute (2.4) into (2.2) along with (2.5) and then set all coefficients of ω α ∑ p = 0 4 c p ϕ p β ( β = 0, 1; α = 0, 1, 2, …) to be zero to get an over-determined system of nonlinear algebraic equations with respect to λ , l , k , a i 0 , a ij , b ij , f ij and k ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, …, m i ). Step 5. Solving the over-determined system of nonlinear algebraic equations by use of Maple, we would end up with the explicit expressions for λ , l , k , a i 0 , a ij , b ij , f ij and k ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ). Step 6. By using the results obtained in the above step, we can derive a series of fundamental solutions such as polynomial, exponential, solitary wave, rational, triangular periodic, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions. Because we are interested in solitary wave, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions. On the other hand, tan and cot type solutions appear in pairs with tanh and coth type solutions. Respectively polynomial, rational triangular periodic solutions are omitted in this paper. By considering the different values of c 0 , c 1 , c 2 , c 3 and c 4 , (2.5) has many kinds of solitary wave, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions which are listed as follows. (i) Solitary wave solutions. (a) Bell shaped solitary wave solutions (2.7) ϕ = - c 2 c 4 sech c 2 ξ , c 0 = c 1 = c 3 = 0 , c 2 > 0 , c 4 < 0 , (2.8) ϕ = - c 2 c 3 sech 2 c 2 2 ξ , c 0 = c 1 = c 4 = 0 , c 2 > 0 . (b) Kink shaped solitary wave solutions (2.9) ϕ = k - c 2 2 c 4 tanh - c 2 2 ξ , c 0 = c 2 2 4 c 4 , c 1 = c 3 = 0 , c 2 < 0 , c 4 > 0 . (c) Solitary wave solutions (2.10) ϕ = c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 k c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 , c 0 = c 1 = 0 , c 2 > 0 . (ii) Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions (2.11) ϕ = - c 2 m 2 c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) cn c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ , c 4 < 0 , c 2 > 0 , c 0 = c 2 2 m 2 ( 1 - m 2 ) c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) 2 , (2.12) ϕ = - m 2 c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) dn c 2 2 - m 2 ξ , c 4 < 0 , c 2 > 0 , c 0 = c 2 2 ( 1 - m 2 ) c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) 2 , (2.13) ϕ = - c 2 m 2 c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) sn - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ , c 4 > 0 , c 2 < 0 , c 0 = c 2 2 m 2 c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) 2 , where m is a modulus (2.14) ϕ = ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 , c 2 = 0 , c 3 > 0 , where g 2 = - 4 c 1 c 3 and g 3 = - 4 c 0 c 3 are called invariants of Weierstrass elliptic function. The Jacobi elliptic functions are doubly periodic and possess properties of triangular functions: sn 2 ξ + cn 2 ξ = 1 , dn 2 ξ = 1 - m 2 sn 2 ξ , ( sn ξ ) ′ = cn ξ dn ξ , ( cn ξ ) ′ = - sn ξ dn ξ , ( dn ξ ) ′ = - m 2 sn ξ cn ξ . When m → 1, the Jacobi functions degenerate to the hyperbolic functions, i.e. sn ξ → tanh ξ , cn ξ → sech ξ . When m → 0, the Jacobi functions degenerate to the triangular functions, i.e. sn ξ → sin ξ , cn ξ → cos ξ . The more detailed notations for the Weierstrass and Jacobi elliptic functions can be found in Refs. [17–19] . Remark 1 The method can be extend to find soliton-like solutions and more types double periodic solutions of (2.1) . Only will the restriction on ξ ( x , y , t ) as merely a linear function x , y , t and the restrictions on the coefficients a i 0 , a ij , b ij , f ij , k ij and c i as constants be removed, i.e., the ansatz (2.2) and (2.4) generalize as u i ( x , y , t ) = a i 0 ( x , y , t ) + ∑ j = 1 m i { a ij ( x , y , t ) ϕ j + b ij ( x , y , t ) ϕ - j } + ∑ j = 1 m i f ij ( x , y , t ) ϕ j - 1 c 0 + c 1 ϕ + c 2 ϕ 2 + c 3 ϕ 3 + c 4 ϕ 4 + k ij ( x , y , t ) c 0 + c 1 ϕ + c 2 ϕ 2 + c 3 ϕ 3 + c 4 ϕ 4 ϕ j , where a i 0 , a ij , b ij , f ij and k ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, …, m i ) are all functions of x , y , t ; c 0 , c 1 , c 2 , c 3 and c 4 are arbitrary constant to be determined later; and ϕ ′ ( ξ ( x , y , t ) ) = c 0 + c 1 ϕ ( ξ ( x , y , t ) ) + c 2 ϕ 2 ( ξ ( x , y , t ) ) + c 3 ϕ 3 ( ξ ( x , y , t ) ) + c 4 ϕ 4 ( ξ ( x , y , t ) ) , where ξ ( x , y , t ) is an arbitrary functions of x , y , t to be determined later. Remark 2 Some kinds of solutions derived by the generalized transformation are singular soliton solution and Jacobi elliptic doubly periodic wave solution. There is much current interest in the formation of so-called “hot spots” or “blow up” of solutions. It appears that these singular solutions will model this physical phenomena. Remark 3 The general solutions of sub-equation (2.5) are difficult to be listed, because it is a complicated nonlinear ODE. We just listed some particular solutions of (2.5) to illustrate the effectiveness of our algorithm. Other interested researchers can obtain much more solutions of (2.1) when they get more solutions of (2.5) , but this is not the purpose of this paper. 3 Exact solutions of (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation Let us consider the (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation (DLWE) [20–24] , (3.1) u yt - η xx + α ( uu x ) y = 0 , η t + u x + β ( u η ) x + u xxy = 0 , where α , β ≠ 0 are all constants. The DLWE were first obtained by Boiti et al. [20] as a compatibility condition for a “weak” Lax pair. A Kac–Moody–Virasoro Lie algebra for the DLWE was given by Paquin and Winternitz [21] . Lou [22] has shown that the DLWE cannot pass the painleve test both in the ARS algorithm and in the WTC approach. The solitary wave solution of the DLWE were constructed by using a homogeneous method [23] . Recently, Fan used the method in [24] to DLWE and found new soliton solutions, which cannot be obtained by using the tanh method and the homogeneous balance method: According to the above method, to seek the solutions of (3.1) , we make the following transformation: (3.2) u ( x , t ) = σ ( ξ ) , η ( ξ ) = τ ( ξ ) , ξ = x + ly - λ t , where λ and l are constants to be determined later, and thus (3.1) becomes (3.3) - λ l σ ″ - τ ″ + α ℓ ( σ σ ′ ) ′ = 0 , - λ τ ′ + σ ′ + β ( σ τ ) ′ + l σ ‴ = 0 . According to Step 1 in Section 2 , if a ≠ 0 and β ≠ 0, by balancing σ ‴( ξ ) and ( σ ( ξ ) τ ( ξ ))′ in (3.3) and by balancing τ ″( ξ ) and ( σ ′( ξ )) 2 in (3.3) , we suppose that (3.3) has the following formal solutions: (3.4) σ = a 0 + a 1 ϕ + b 1 ϕ + f 1 ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i + k 1 ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i ϕ , τ = A 0 + A 1 ϕ + B 1 ϕ + F 1 ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i + K 1 ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i ϕ + A 2 ϕ 2 + B 2 ϕ 2 + F 2 ϕ ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i + K 2 ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i ϕ 2 , where ϕ ( ξ ) satisfies (2.5) , where a 0 , a 1 , b 1 , f 1 , k 1 , a 2 , b 2 , f 2 , k 2 , A 0 , A 1 , B 1 , F 1 , K 1 , A 2 , B 2 , F 2 and K 2 are constants to be determined later. With the aid of Maple , substituting (3.4) along with (2.5) into (3.3) , yields a set of algebraic equations for ϕ p ( ξ ) ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i q , ( p = 0 , 1 , … ; q = 0 , 1 ) . Setting the coefficients of these terms ϕ p ( ξ ) ∑ i = 0 4 c i ϕ i q to zero yields a set of over-determined algebraic equations with respect to a 0 , a 1 , b 1 , f 1 , k 1 , a 2 , b 2 , f 2 , k 2 , A 0 , A 1 , B 1 , F 1 , K 1 , A 2 , B 2 , F 2 , K 2 , l , and λ . By use of the Maple , solving the over-determined algebraic equations, we get the following results. Case 1. (3.5) A 2 = - 2 lc 4 β , K 1 = ± 2 3 1 β α l λ - β + α β - 1 , k 1 = ± 2 1 β α , a 0 = λ 2 β + α 3 β α , A 0 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α , c 0 = c 1 = c 3 = a 1 = b 1 = f 1 = A 1 = B 1 = B 2 = F 1 = F 2 = K 2 = 0 . Case 2. (3.6) B 2 = - α lb 1 2 , A 2 = - α la 1 2 , k 1 = ± 1 β α , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , f 1 = F 2 = 0 , c 0 = β α b 1 2 , K 2 = ± α lb 1 1 β α , B 1 = - l ( - 2 β λ b 1 + 2 λ α b 1 + 3 c 1 ) 6 β , K 1 = ± 1 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , A 0 = - 2 l λ 2 β 2 - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 - 18 β 2 b 1 α 2 la 1 + 9 β α 9 β 2 α , F 1 = ± α la 1 1 β α , c 4 = β α a 1 2 , A 1 = - l ( - 2 β a 1 λ + 3 c 3 + 2 λ α a 1 ) 6 β . Case 3. (3.7) A 2 = - 2 lc 4 β , B 2 = - 2 lc 0 β , a 0 = λ 2 β + α 3 β α , k 1 = ± 2 1 β α , K 1 = ± 2 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , A 0 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α , c 1 = c 3 = a 1 = b 1 = f 1 = A 1 = B 1 = F 2 = F 1 = K 2 = 0 . Case 4. (3.8) A 2 = - α la 1 2 , B 1 = - lc 1 2 β , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , F 1 = ± α la 1 1 β α , K 1 = ± 1 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , A 0 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α , k 1 = ± 1 β α , c 4 = β α a 1 2 , A 1 = - l ( - 2 β a 1 λ + 3 c 3 + 2 λ α a 1 ) 6 β , c 0 = b 1 = f 1 = B 2 = F 2 = K 2 = 0 . Case 5. (3.9) B 2 = - α lb 1 2 , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , c 0 = β α b 1 2 , A 1 = - lc 3 2 β , B 1 = - l ( - 2 β λ b 1 + 2 λ α b 1 + 3 c 1 ) 6 β , K 2 = ± α lb 1 1 β α , A 0 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α , K 1 = ± 1 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , k 1 = ± 1 β α , c 2 = c 4 = a 1 = f 1 = A 2 = F 1 = F 2 = 0 . From (3.2), (3.4) and Case 1–5, we obtain the following solutions for (3.1) : Family 1. From (3.5) , we obtain the following solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.10) u 1 = a 0 ± k 1 c 2 - c 2 sech 2 c 2 ξ , (3.11) η 1 = A 0 - A 2 c 2 c 4 sech 2 c 2 ξ ± K 1 c 2 - c 2 sech 2 c 2 ξ , where ξ = x + ly − λt , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , A 0 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α , A 2 = - 2 lc 4 β , K 1 = ± 2 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , k 1 = ± 2 1 β α , c 2 > 0, c 4 < 0, λ and l are arbitrary constants. Family 2. From (3.6) , when b 1 = 0, then we obtain the following solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.12) u 2 = a 0 + a 1 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 + k 1 c 2 + c 3 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 + c 4 c 2 sech 2 ( 1 2 c 2 ξ ) 2 c 2 c 4 tanh ( 1 2 c 2 ξ ) - c 3 2 , (3.13) η 2 = A 0 + A 1 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 + A 2 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 + K 1 c 2 + c 3 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 + c 4 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 2 + F 1 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 c 2 + c 3 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 + c 4 c 2 sech 2 1 2 c 2 ξ 2 c 2 c 4 tanh 1 2 c 2 ξ - c 3 2 , where ξ = x + ly − λt , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , A 2 = - α la 1 2 , k 1 = ± 1 β α , F 1 = - lc 1 2 β , K 1 = ± 1 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , A 0 = - 2 l λ 2 β 2 - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α 9 β 2 α , F 1 = ± α la 1 1 β α , c 4 = β α a 1 2 , A 1 = - l ( - 2 β a 1 λ + 3 c 3 + 2 λ α a 1 ) 6 β , c 2 > 0, c 3 , a 1 , λ and l are arbitrary constants. Family 3. From (3.7) , then we obtain the following solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.14) u 3 = a 0 + k 1 c 0 - c 2 2 m 2 cn 2 c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) + c 2 2 m 4 cn 4 c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) 2 - c 2 m 2 c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) cn c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ , (3.15) η 3 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α - A 2 c 2 m 2 c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) cn 2 c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ - B 2 c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) c 2 m 2 cn 2 c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ + K 1 c 0 - c 2 2 m 2 cn 2 c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) + c 2 2 m 4 cn 4 c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) 2 - c 2 m 2 c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) cn c 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ , where ξ = x + ly − λt , A 2 = - 2 lc 4 β , B 2 = - 2 lc 0 β , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , k 1 = ± 2 1 β α , K 1 = ± 2 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , c 0 = c 2 2 m 2 ( 1 - m 2 ) c 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) 2 , c 2 > 0, c 4 < 0, λ and l are arbitrary constants. Family 4. From (3.7) , we can obtain the following solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.16) u 4 = a 0 + k 1 c 0 - c 2 m 2 dn 2 c 2 2 - m 2 ξ c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) + m 4 dn 4 c 2 2 - m 2 ξ c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) 2 - m 2 c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) dn c 2 2 - m 2 ξ , (3.17) η 4 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α - A 2 m 2 c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) dn 2 c 2 2 - m 2 ξ - B 2 c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) m 2 dn 2 c 2 2 - m 2 ξ + K 1 c 0 - c 2 m 2 dn 2 c 2 2 - m 2 ξ c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) + m 4 dn 4 c 2 2 - m 2 ξ c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) 2 - m 2 c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) dn c 2 2 - m 2 ξ , where ξ = x + ly − λt , A 2 = - 2 lc 4 β , B 2 = - 2 lc 0 β , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , k 1 = ± 2 1 β α , K 1 = ± 2 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , c 0 = c 2 2 m 2 c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) 2 , c 2 > 0, c 4 < 0, λ and l are arbitrary constants. Family 5. From (3.7) , we can obtain the following solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.18) u 5 = a 0 + k 1 c 0 - c 2 2 m 2 sn 2 - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) + c 2 2 m 4 sn 4 - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) 2 - c 2 m 2 c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) sn - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ , (3.19) η 5 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α - A 2 c 2 m 2 c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) sn 2 - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ - B 2 c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) c 2 m 2 sn 2 - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ + K 1 c 0 - c 2 2 m 2 sn 2 - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) + c 2 2 m 4 sn 4 - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) 2 - c 2 m 2 c 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) sn - c 2 m 2 + 1 ξ , where ξ = x + ly − λt , A 2 = - 2 lc 4 β , B 2 = - 2 lc 0 β , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , k 1 = ± 2 1 β α , K 1 = ± 2 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , c 0 = c 2 2 ( 1 - m 2 ) c 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) 2 , c 2 < 0, c 4 > 0, λ and l are arbitrary constants. Family 6. From (3.8) , when c 3 = c 4 = 0, we can obtain the following solutions for the DLWE, as follows. (3.20) u 6 = a 0 - a 1 c 1 2 c 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ - 2 c 2 k 1 c 1 c 1 2 2 c 2 - 1 + sinh 2 c 2 ξ + c 1 2 4 c 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ , (3.21) η 6 = A 0 - A 1 c 1 2 c 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ + A 2 c 1 2 4 c 2 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ 2 + F 1 c 1 2 2 c 2 ( - 1 + sinh 2 c 2 ξ + c 1 2 4 c 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ 2 - 2 c 2 K 1 c 1 c 1 2 2 c 2 - 1 + sinh 2 c 2 ξ + c 1 2 4 c 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ 2 1 - sinh 2 c 2 ξ , where ξ = x + ly − λt , A 2 = - α la 1 2 , F 1 = - lc 1 2 β , a 0 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α , F 1 = ± α la 1 1 β α , K 1 = ± 1 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 , A 0 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α , k 1 = ± 1 β α , c 4 = β α a 1 2 , A 1 = - l ( - 2 β a 1 λ + 2 λ α a 1 ) 6 β , c 2 > 0, a 1 , c 1 , λ and l are arbitrary constants. Family 7. From (3.9) , then we can obtain the following solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.22) u 7 = λ ( 2 β + α ) 3 β α + b 1 ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 ± 1 β α c 0 + c 1 ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 + c 3 ℘ 3 ( c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 ) ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 , (3.23) η 7 = - - 4 l λ 2 β α + 2 λ 2 l α 2 + 9 β α + 2 l λ 2 β 2 9 β 2 α - lc 3 2 β ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 - α l 1 1 2 ℘ 2 c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 - l ( - 2 β λ b 1 + 2 λ α b 1 + 3 c 1 ) 6 β ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 ± α lb 1 1 β α c 0 + c 1 ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 + c 3 ℘ 3 c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 ℘ 2 c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 ± 1 3 1 β α l λ ( - β + α ) β - 1 c 0 + c 1 ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 + c 3 ℘ 3 c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 ℘ c 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 , where ξ = x + ly − λt , g 2 = - 4 c 1 c 3 , g 3 = - 4 c 0 c 3 , c 0 = β α b 1 2 , c 3 > 0, c 1 , b 1 , λ and l are arbitrary constants. Remark 4 The solutions (3.10) and (3.11) become the solutions (4.16) in [24] , when α = β = 1, λ = e and l = d . The solutions (3.10) and (3.11) become the solutions (4.25) and (4.26) in [23] , when α = β = 1, λ = α ∗ , l = β ∗ , δ ∗ = 0 and c 2 = ( α ∗ 2 ) 2 . Remark 5 The other solutions obtained here, to our knowledge, are all new families of exact solutions of the DLWE. 4 Summary and conclusions Generally speaking, to construct the more general and more formal solutions of nonlinear PDE system, the various extensions and improvement of tanh method have developed and can be classified into two class: One is called the direct method, which represents the solutions of given nonlinear PDE system as the sum of a polynomial in exponential solutions. It requires solving the recurrent coefficient relation or derivative relation for the terms of polynomial for computation closed. For example, tanh-function method [1–3] , generalized hyperbolic-function method [12,13] , Jacobi elliptic function expansion method [25] and extended Jacobi elliptic function expansion algorithm [26] . The second is called the indirect method, which consists of looking for the solutions of given nonlinear PDE system as a polynomial in a variable which satisfies a equation or equations (subequation). For example, Riccati equation [7–11] and Projective Riccati equations [27–29] . Further work about various extensions and improvement of tanh method need us to find the more general ansatz and the more general subequation. Acknowledgement The work is partially supported by the National Key Basic Research Project of China under the Grant No. 2004CB318000. References [1] W. Malfliet Am. J. Phys. 60 1992 650 [2] E.J. Parkes B.R. Duffy Phys. Lett. A 229 1997 217 [3] E.J. Parkes B.R. Duffy Comput. Phys. Commun. 98 1996 288 [4] E.G. Fan Phys. Lett. A 277 2000 212 [5] E.G. Fan Z. Naturforsch. A 56 2001 312 [6] E.G. Fan Comput. Math. Appl. 43 2002 671 [7] E.G. Fan J. Zhang Benny Y.C. Hon Phys. Lett. A 291 2001 376 [8] Z.Y. Yan Phys. Lett. A 292 2001 100 [9] S.A. Elwakil S.K. El-labany M.A. Zahran R. Sabry Phys. Lett. A 299 2002 179 [10] X.D. Zheng Y. Chen Phys. Lett. A 311 2003 145 [11] Y. Chen Y. Zheng Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 14 2003 601 [12] Y.T. Gao B. Tian Comput. Phys. Commun. 133 2001 158 [13] B. Tian Y.T. Gao J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 29 1996 2895 [14] B. Li Y. Chen H.Q. Zhang Appl. Math. Comput. 146 2003 653 [15] B. Li Y. Chen H.Q. Zhang Phys. Lett. A 311 2003 145 [16] E.G. Fan Phys. Lett. A 300 2002 243 [17] K. Chandrasekharan Elliptic Function 1978 Springer Berlin [18] D.V. Patrick Elliptic Function and Elliptic Curves 1973 Cambridge University Press Cambridge [19] Z.X. Wang X.J. Xia Special Functions 1989 World Scientific Singapore [20] M. Boiti Inverse Probl. 3 1987 371 [21] G. Paquin P. Wintermitz Physica D 46 1990 122 [22] S.Y. Lou J. Math. Phys. 33 1992 4300 [23] M.L. Wang Phys. Lett. A 216 1996 67 [24] E.G. Fan Chaos Solitons Fractals 16 2003 819 [25] S.K. Liu Z.T. Fu S.D. Liu Q. Zhao Phys. Lett. A 289 2001 69 [26] Z.Y. Yan Chaos Solitons Fractals 18 2003 299 [27] R. Conte M. Musette J. Phys. A 25 1992 5609 [28] Z.Y. Yan Chaos Solitons Fractals 16 2003 759 [29] Q. Wang Y. Chen B. Li H.Q. Zhang Appl. Math. Comput. 160 2005 77",
        "keywords": [
            "(2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
            "Periodic solution",
            "Soliton solution",
            "Symbolic computation",
            "Weierstrass and Jacobi elliptic functions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "nkdvSL6x": {
        "id": "nkdvSL6x",
        "title": "New families of rational form solitary wave solutions to (2+1)-dimensional Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt system",
        "abstract": "Taking the (2+1)-dimensional Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt system as a simple example, some families of rational form solitary wave solutions, triangular periodic wave solutions, and rational wave solutions are constructed by using the Riccati equation rational expansion method presented by us. The method can also be applied to solve more nonlinear partial differential equation or equations. © International Academic Publishers.",
        "keywords": [
            "(2+1)-dimensional broer-kaup-kupershmidt system",
            "rational form solitary wave solutions",
            "riccati equation rational expansion method",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Hong-Qing",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "B9sryQnU": {
        "id": "B9sryQnU",
        "title": "A new general algebraic method with symbolic computation to construct new doubly-periodic solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "(2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
            "Jacobi elliptic functions",
            "Periodic solution",
            "Soliton solution",
            "Travelling wave solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "pUdLqyFG": {
        "id": "pUdLqyFG",
        "title": "Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method with symbolic computation to construct new doubly-periodic solutions of nonlinear evolution equations",
        "abstract": "A new Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method is presented by means of a new general ansatz and is very powerful, with aid of symbolic computation, to uniformly construct more new exact doubly-periodic solutions in terms of rational form Jacobi elliptic function of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). We choose a (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation to illustrate the method. As a result, we obtain the solutions found by most existing Jacobi elliptic function expansion methods and find other new and more general solutions at the same time. When the modulus of the Jacobi elliptic functions m → or 0, the corresponding solitary wave solutions and trigonometric function (singly periodic) solutions are also found.",
        "keywords": [
            "(2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
            "jacobi elliptic functions",
            "periodic solution",
            "soliton solution",
            "travelling wave solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section A Journal of Physical Sciences",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "0ngJPuyQ": {
        "id": "0ngJPuyQ",
        "title": "Extended Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method and abundant families of Jacobi elliptic function solutions to (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "Our Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method is extended to be a more powerful method, called the extended Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method, by using more general ansatz. The (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation is chosen to illustrate the approach. As a consequence, we can successfully obtain the solutions found by most existing Jacobi elliptic function methods and find other new and more general solutions at the same time. When the modulus m → 1, these doubly periodic solutions degenerate as soliton solutions. The method can be also applied to other nonlinear differential equations. 1 Introduction With the development of soliton theory, there has been a great amount of activities aiming to find methods for exact solution of nonlinear differential equations, such as Bäcklund transformation, Darboux transformation, Cole-Hopf transformation, various tanh methods, various Jacobi elliptic function methods, variable separation approach, Painlevé method, homogeneous balance method, similarity reduction method and so on [1–12] . It is well known that the elliptic functions including Jacobi elliptic functions and Weierstrass elliptic functions, etc. are closely related to nonlinear differential equations [1] . Moreover many nonlinear evolution equations have been shown to possess the elliptic function solutions [6–16] . In [13] , we present the Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method to uniformly construct more new exact doubly-periodic solutions in terms of rational formal elliptic function of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs). The present work is motivated by the desire to extended the Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method, by using 12 Jacobi elliptic functions and their rational combination, to obtain more form and more general exact doubly-periodic solutions of NLEEs. The algorithm and its application are demonstrated later with the (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation. This paper is organized as follows. In Section 2 , we summarize the extended elliptic function rational expansion method. In Section 3 , we apply the extended method to (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation and bring out many solutions. Conclusions will be presented in finally. 2 Summary of the extended Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method In the following we would like to outline the main steps of our general method: Step 1. For a given nonlinear evolution equation system with some physical fields u i ( x , y , t ) in three variables x , y , t , (2.1) F i ( u i , u it , u ix , u iy , u itt , u ixt , u iyt , u ixx , u iyy , u ixy , … ) = 0 , by using the wave transformation (2.2) u i ( x , y , t ) = u i ( ξ ) , ξ = k ( x + ly + λ t ) , where k , l and λ are constants to be determined later. Then the nonlinear evolution Eq. (2.1) is reduced to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE): (2.3) G i ( u i , u i ′ , u i ″ , … ) = 0 . Step 2. We introduce some ansätz in terms of finite Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion in the following forms: 1. sn ξ and cn ξ rational expansion (2.4.1) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij sn j ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 ) j + b ij sn j - 1 ( ξ ) cn ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 ) j , 2. sn ξ and dn ξ rational expansion (2.4.2) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij ns j ( ξ ) ( μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 ) j + b ij ns j - 1 ( ξ ) cs ( ξ ) ( μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 ) j , 3. sc ξ and nc ξ rational expansion (2.4.3) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij sn j ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 ) j + b ij sn j - 1 ( ξ ) dn ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 ) j , 4. sd ξ and nd ξ rational expansion (2.4.4) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij sd j ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 ) j + b ij sd j - 1 ( ξ ) nd ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 ) j , where sn ξ , cn ξ , dn ξ , ns ξ , cs ξ , sd ξ and nd ξ are the Jacobian elliptic sine function, the Jacobian elliptic cosine function, the Jacobian elliptic function of the third kind and other Jacobian functions which is denoted by Glaishers symbols and are generated by these three kinds of functions, namely [14–16] , (2.5.1) ns ξ = 1 sn ξ , nc ξ = 1 cn ξ , nd ξ = 1 dn ξ , sd ξ = sn ξ dn ξ , (2.5.2) sc ξ = sn ξ cn ξ , cs ξ = cn ξ sn ξ , ds ξ = dn ξ sn ξ , which are double periodic and posses the following properties: 1. Properties of triangular function (2.6.1) cn 2 ξ + sn 2 ξ = dn 2 ξ + m 2 sn 2 ξ = 1 , (2.6.2) ns 2 ξ = 1 + cs 2 ξ , ns 2 ξ = m 2 + ds 2 ξ , (2.6.3) sc 2 ξ + 1 = nc 2 ξ , m 2 sd 2 ξ + 1 = nd 2 ξ . 2. Derivatives of the Jacobi elliptic functions (2.7.1) sn ′ ξ = cn ξ dn ξ , cn ′ ξ = - sn ξ dn ξ , dn ′ ξ = - m 2 sn ξ cn ξ , (2.7.2) ns ′ ξ = - ds ξ cs ξ , ds ′ ξ = - cs ξ ns ξ , cs ′ ξ = - ns ξ ds ξ , (2.7.3) sc ′ ξ = nc ξ dc ξ , nc ′ ξ = sc ξ dc ξ , cd ′ ξ = cd ξ nd ξ , nd ′ ξ = m 2 sd ξ cd ξ , where m is a modulus. The Jacobi–Glaisher functions for elliptic function can be found in Refs. [14,15] . Step 3. The parameter m i can be found by balancing the highest order derivative term and the nonlinear terms in (2.1) or (2.3) . Step 4. Respectively substitute Eqs. (2.4) into Eq. (2.3) along with Eqs. (2.6) and (2.7) and then respectively set all coefficients of sn i ( ξ )cn j ( ξ ), ns i ( ξ )cs j ( ξ ), sn i ( ξ )dn j ( ξ ) and sd i ( ξ )nd j ( ξ ) ( i = 1, 2, …; j = 0, 1) to be zero to get an over-determined system of nonlinear algebraic equations with respect to k , μ 1 , μ 2 , a i 0 , a ij and b ij ( i = 1, 2, …; j = 1, 2, …, m i ). Step 5. By use of the Maple soft package “Charsets” by Dongming Wang, which is based on the Wu-elimination method [24] , solving the over-determined algebraic equations, we would end up with the explicit expressions for k , μ 1 , μ 2 , a i 0 , a ij and b ij ( i = 1, 2, …; j = 1, 2, …, m i ). From which k , μ 1 , μ 2 , a i 0 , a ij and b ij ( i = 1, 2, …; j = 1, 2, …, m i ) can be obtained. In this way, we can get double periodic solutions with Jacobi elliptic function. Since (2.8.1) lim m → 1 sn ξ = tanh ξ , lim m → 1 cn ξ = sech ξ , lim m → 1 dn ξ = sech ξ , (2.8.2) lim m → 1 ns ξ = coth ξ , lim m → 1 cs ξ = csch ξ , lim m → 1 ds ξ = csch ξ , (2.8.3) lim m → 0 sn ξ = sin ξ , lim m → 0 cn ξ = cos ξ , lim m → 0 dn ξ = 1 , (2.8.4) lim m → 0 ns ξ = csc ξ , lim m → 0 cs ξ = cot ξ , lim m → 0 ds ξ = csc ξ , u i degenerate respectively as the following form: 1. Solitary wave solutions: (2.9.1) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij tanh j ( ξ ) ( μ 1 tanh ( ξ ) + μ 2 sech ( ξ ) + 1 ) j + b ij tanh j - 1 ( ξ ) sech ( ξ ) ( μ 1 tanh ( ξ ) + μ 2 sech ( ξ ) + 1 ) j , (2.9.2) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij 1 tanh j ( ξ ) μ 1 1 tanh ( ξ ) + μ 2 sech ( ξ ) tanh ( ξ ) + 1 j + b ij sech ( ξ ) tanh ( ξ ) j - 1 1 tanh ( ξ ) μ 1 1 tanh ( ξ ) + μ 2 sech ( ξ ) tanh ( ξ ) + 1 j , (2.9.3) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij tanh j ( ξ ) μ 1 tanh j ( ξ ) + μ 2 sech ( ξ ) + 1 j + b ij tanh j - 1 ( ξ ) sech ( ξ ) μ 1 tanh j ( ξ ) + μ 2 sech ( ξ ) + 1 j , (2.9.4) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij tanh ( ξ ) sech ( ξ ) j μ 1 tanh ( ξ ) sech ( ξ ) + μ 2 1 sech ( ξ ) + 1 j + b ij tanh ( ξ ) sech ( ξ ) j - 1 1 sech ( ξ ) μ 1 tanh ( ξ ) sech ( ξ ) + μ 2 1 sech ( ξ ) + 1 j . 2. Triangular function formal solution: (2.10.1) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij sin j ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sin ( ξ ) + μ 2 cos ( ξ ) + 1 ) j + b ij sin j - 1 ( ξ ) cos ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sin ( ξ ) + μ 2 cos ( ξ ) + 1 ) j , (2.10.2) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij 1 sin j ( ξ ) μ 1 1 sin ( ξ ) + μ 2 cos ( ξ ) sin ( ξ ) + 1 j + b ij cos ( ξ ) sin j ( ξ ) μ 1 1 sin ( ξ ) + μ 2 cos ( ξ ) sin ( ξ ) + 1 j , (2.10.3) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij sin j ( ξ ) μ 1 sin j ( ξ ) + μ 2 + 1 j + b ij sin j - 1 ( ξ ) μ 1 sin j ( ξ ) + μ 2 + 1 j , (2.10.4) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij sin j ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sin ( ξ ) + μ 2 + 1 ) j + b ij sin j - 1 ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sin ( ξ ) + μ 2 + 1 ) j . So the extended Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method is more powerful than the method by Liu et al. [10] , the method by Fan [11] , the method extended by Yan [12] and the Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method by Wang et al. [13] . The solutions which contain solitary wave solutions, singular solitary solutions and triangular function formal solutions can be gotten by the extended method. Remark It is necessary to point out that above four rational expansion combinations only require solving the recurrent coefficient relation or derivative relation for the terms of polynomial for computation closed. Therefore other the Jacobi elliptic functions can be chosen to combinating, for simplicity, we omit them here. 3 Exact solutions of the (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation Let us consider the (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation (DLWE), i.e., (3.1) v t + vv x + w x = 0 , w t + ( wv ) x + 1 3 v xxx = 0 , where w − 1 is the elevation of the water wave, v is the surface velocity of water along x -direction. There is an amount of paper devoted to this equations [17–23] . According to the above method, to seek travelling wave solutions of Eqs. (3.1) , we make the transformation (3.2) w ( x , t ) = σ ( ξ ) , v ( x , t ) = ϕ ( ξ ) , ξ = k ( x + λ t ) , where λ is a constant to be determined later, and thus Eqs. (3.1) becomes (3.3) λ ϕ ′ + ϕ ϕ ′ + σ ′ = 0 , λ σ ′ + ( σ ϕ ) ′ + k 2 3 ϕ ‴ = 0 . By balancing ϕ ‴( ξ ) and ( σ ( ξ ) ϕ ( ξ ))′ in Eq. (3.3) and by balancing σ ′( ξ ) and ϕ ( ξ ) ϕ ′( ξ ) in Eq. (3.3) , we can obtain that m ϕ = 1 and m σ = 2. Now we consider the system (3.3) in the above four cases, i.e. (2.4.1)–(2.4.4) . 3.1 sn ξ and cn ξ rational expansion Now we consider the ansätz (2.4.1) . For Eq. (3.3) , the ansätz (2.4.1) becomes (3.4) ϕ ( ξ ) = a 0 + a 1 sn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 + b 1 cn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 , σ ( ξ ) = A 0 + A 1 sn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 + B 1 cn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 + A 2 sn 2 ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 + B 2 sn ( ξ ) cn ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 cn ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 , where a 0 , a 1 , b 1 , A 0 , A 1 , A 2 , B 1 , B 2 are constants to be determined later. With the aid of Maple , substituting (3.4) along with (2.6) and (2.7) into (3.3) , yields a set of algebraic equations for sn i ( ξ )cn j ( ξ ) ( i = 0, 1, …; j = 0, 1). Setting the coefficients of these terms sn i ( ξ )cn j ( ξ ) to zero yields a set of over-determined algebraic equations with respect to a 0 , a 1 , b 1 , A 0 , A 1 , B 1 , A 2 , B 2 and k . By use of the Maple soft package “Charsets” by Dongming Wang, which is based on the Wu-elimination method [24] , solving the over-determined algebraic equations, we get the following results: Case 1. (3.5) k = ± 3 a 1 2 m , a 0 = - λ , A 0 = a 1 2 ( 1 + m 2 ) 4 m 2 , A 2 = - 1 2 a 1 2 , b 1 = A 1 = B 1 = B 2 = μ 1 = μ 2 = 0 . Case 2. (3.6) B 1 = - 1 3 k 2 μ 2 , A 2 = - 1 3 ( k 2 μ 2 2 - k 2 μ 2 2 m 2 + k 2 m 2 ) , A 0 = 1 3 k 2 m 2 μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 + m 2 , b 1 = ± 1 3 - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 μ 2 2 - 3 m 2 k , a 1 = ± 1 3 3 μ 2 2 - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 k , B 2 = ± k 2 3 μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 + m 2 - μ 2 4 m 2 + μ 2 4 + 2 μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 - m 2 , μ 1 = 0 , A 1 = μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 + m 2 k 2 μ 2 ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 - m 2 + 1 ) 3 - μ 2 4 m 2 + μ 2 4 + 2 μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 - m 2 , a 0 = k μ 2 3 m 2 - k μ 2 3 - k μ 2 m 2 + k μ 2 ± λ - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 μ 2 2 - 3 m 2 - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 μ 2 2 - 3 m 2 . Case 3. (3.7) A 2 = - 1 3 ( k 2 μ 1 4 - k 2 μ 1 2 - k 2 μ 1 2 m 2 + k 2 m 2 ) , A 1 = - 1 3 ( k 2 μ 1 - 2 k 2 μ 1 3 + k 2 μ 1 m 2 ) , a 0 = - - k μ 1 ± λ 3 μ 1 4 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 + k μ 1 3 3 μ 1 4 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 , b 1 = k 3 3 μ 1 2 - 3 m 2 , μ 2 = 0 , a 1 = k 3 3 μ 1 4 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 , B 1 = 1 3 μ 1 2 - m 2 k 2 μ 1 ( - 1 + μ 1 2 ) μ 1 4 - μ 1 2 - μ 1 2 m 2 + m 2 , B 2 = - 1 3 μ 1 4 - μ 1 2 - μ 1 2 m 2 + m 2 k 2 μ 1 2 - m 2 , A 0 = - k 2 ( μ 1 4 - 2 μ 1 2 m 2 + m 2 ) 3 ( μ 1 2 - m 2 ) . Case 4. (3.8) a 1 = ± ( 2 a 0 + 2 λ ) , A 1 = ± 2 2 a 0 λ m 2 + A 0 - A 0 m 2 + λ 2 m 2 + a 0 2 m 2 1 - m 2 , μ 1 = μ 2 = ± 1 , B 1 = ± 2 A 0 - A 0 m 2 + 2 a 0 λ + a 0 2 + λ 2 1 - m 2 , A 2 = - 2 λ 2 - 4 a 0 λ - 2 a 0 2 , k = 3 λ + a 0 3 - 3 m 2 , B 2 = 2 A 0 - A 0 m 2 + 2 a 0 λ + a 0 2 + λ 2 1 - m 2 , b 1 = 0 . From (3.2), (3.4) and Cases 1–4, we obtain the following solutions for Eqs. (3.1) : Family 1 From Eqs. (3.5) , we obtain the following sn ξ and cn ξ rational formal doubly periodic solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.9.1) v 1 = - λ + a 1 sn ± 1 2 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) m , (3.9.2) w 1 = a 1 2 ( 1 + m 2 ) 4 m 2 - 1 2 a 1 2 sn 2 ± 1 2 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) m , where a 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 2 From Eqs. (3.6) , we obtain the following sn ξ and cn ξ rational formal doubly periodic solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.10.1) v 2 = k μ 2 3 m 2 - k μ 2 3 - k μ 2 m 2 + k μ 2 ± λ - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 μ 2 2 - 3 m 2 - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 μ 2 2 - 3 m 2 ± 3 μ 2 2 - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 k sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) ± - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 μ 2 2 - 3 m 2 k cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) , (3.10.2) w 2 = 1 3 k 2 m 2 μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 + m 2 + ( - k 2 μ 2 2 + k 2 μ 2 2 m 2 - k 2 m 2 ) sn 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) 2 - 1 3 k 2 μ 2 cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 1 + μ 2 cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 3 μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 + m 2 k 2 μ 2 ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 - m 2 + 1 ) sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) - μ 2 4 m 2 + μ 2 4 + 2 μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 - m 2 ( 1 + μ 2 cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) ± μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 + m 2 k 2 - μ 2 4 m 2 + μ 2 4 + 2 μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 - m 2 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) 2 , where k , μ 2 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 3 From Eqs. (3.7) , we obtain the following sn ξ and cn ξ rational formal doubly periodic solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.11.1) v 3 = - - k μ 1 ± λ 3 μ 1 4 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 + k μ 1 3 3 μ 1 4 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 ± 3 μ 1 4 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 m 2 k sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) ± 3 μ 1 2 - 3 m 2 k cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) , (3.11.2) w 3 = - k 2 ( μ 1 4 - 2 μ 1 2 m 2 + m 2 ) 3 ( μ 1 2 - m 2 ) - ( k 2 μ 1 - 2 k 2 μ 1 3 + k 2 μ 1 m 2 ) sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) ± 1 3 μ 1 2 - m 2 k 2 μ 1 ( - 1 + μ 1 2 ) cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) μ 1 4 - μ 1 2 - μ 1 2 m 2 + m 2 ( μ 1 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) - ( k 2 μ 1 4 - k 2 μ 1 2 - k 2 μ 1 2 m 2 + k 2 m 2 ) sn 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 ± μ 1 4 - μ 1 2 - μ 1 2 m 2 + m 2 k 2 μ 1 2 - m 2 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) cn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sn ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 , where k , μ 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 4 From Eqs. (3.8) , we obtain the following sn ξ and cn ξ rational formal doubly periodic solutions for the DLWE, as follows: (3.12.1) v 4 = a 0 ± ( 2 λ + 2 a 0 ) sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ± sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ± cn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 + 1 , (3.12.2) w 4 ( x , t ) = A 0 ± 2 ( A 0 m 2 - A 0 + λ 2 m 2 - 2 a 0 λ m 2 - a 0 2 m 2 ) sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ( m 2 - 1 ) ± sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ± cn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 + 1 ± 2 ( 2 a 0 λ a 0 2 - A 0 m 2 + A 0 + λ 2 ) cn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ( m 2 - 1 ) ± sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ± cn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 + 1 - ( 2 λ 2 + 4 a 0 λ + 2 a 0 2 ) sn 2 ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ± sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ± cn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 + 1 2 ± 2 ( 2 a 0 λ + a 0 2 - A 0 m 2 + A 0 + λ 2 ) sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 cn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ( m 2 - 1 ) ± sn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 ± cn ± 3 ( λ + a 0 ) ( x + λ t ) 3 - 3 m 2 + 1 2 , where a 0 , A 0 and λ are arbitrary constants. 3.2 ns ξ and cs ξ rational expansion Now we consider the ansätz (2.4.2) . For Eq. (3.3) , the ansätz (2.4.2) becomes (3.13) ϕ ( ξ ) = a 0 + a 1 ns ( ξ ) μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 + b 1 cs ( ξ ) μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 , σ ( ξ ) = A 0 + A 1 ns ( ξ ) μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 + B 1 cs ( ξ ) μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 + A 2 ns 2 ( ξ ) ( μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 + B 2 ns ( ξ ) cs ( ξ ) ( μ 1 ns ( ξ ) + μ 2 cs ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 , where a 0 , a 1 , b 1 , A 0 , A 1 , A 2 , B 1 , B 2 are constants to be determined later. Following the same steps in Section 3.1 , we can obtain the following ns ξ and cs ξ rational formal doubly periodic solution: Family 5 (3.14.1) v 5 = - λ + b 1 cs ± 1 2 3 b 1 ( x + λ t ) , (3.14.2) w 5 = 1 4 b 1 2 m 2 - 1 2 b 1 2 ns 2 ± 1 2 3 b 1 ( x + λ t ) , where b 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 6 (3.15.1) v 6 = - λ + a 1 ns ± 1 2 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) , (3.15.2) w 6 = 1 4 a 1 2 ( m 2 + 1 ) - 1 2 a 1 2 ns 2 ± 1 2 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) , where a 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 7 (3.16.1) v 7 = - λ + a 1 ns ( ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) ) - a 1 cs ( ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) ) , (3.16.2) w 7 = a 1 2 m 2 - a 1 2 ns 2 ( ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) ) + a 1 2 ns ( ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) ) cs ( ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) ) , where a 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 8 (3.17.1) v 8 = - k μ 2 3 - k μ 2 3 m 2 + k μ 2 - k μ 2 m 2 ± λ - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 + 3 - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 + 3 ± - 3 μ 2 4 m 2 + 3 μ 2 4 + 6 μ 2 2 - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 + 3 k cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) ± - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 + 3 μ 2 2 + 3 k ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) , (3.17.2) w 8 = - 1 3 k 2 m 2 μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 - 1 ± 1 - μ 2 2 m 2 + μ 2 2 k 2 μ 2 ( m 2 - μ 2 2 + μ 2 2 m 2 - 1 ) ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 1 - μ 2 4 m 2 + μ 2 4 + 2 μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 ( 1 + μ 2 cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) - 1 3 k 2 μ 2 m 2 cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 1 + μ 2 cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± ( k 2 μ 2 2 m 2 - k 2 μ 2 2 - k 2 ) ns 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) 2 ± 1 - μ 2 2 m 2 + μ 2 2 + 1 k 2 μ 2 4 - μ 2 4 m 2 + 2 μ 2 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) 2 , where k , μ 2 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 9 (3.18.1) v 9 = k μ 1 3 m 2 ± λ 3 μ 1 4 m 2 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 - k μ 1 m 2 3 μ 1 4 m 2 - 3 μ 1 2 - 3 μ 1 2 m 2 + 3 ± 1 - μ 1 2 m 2 k cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) ± μ 1 4 m 2 - μ 1 2 - μ 1 2 m 2 + 1 k ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) , (3.18.2) w 9 = k 2 m 2 ( μ 1 4 m 2 - 2 μ 1 2 + 1 ) 3 ( 1 - μ 1 2 m 2 ) - ( k 2 μ 1 m 2 - 2 k 2 μ 1 3 m 2 + k 2 μ 1 ) ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) ± 1 3 - μ 1 2 m 2 + 1 k 2 μ 1 m 2 ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) μ 1 4 m 2 - μ 1 2 - μ 1 2 m 2 + 1 ( μ 1 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) - ( k 2 μ 1 4 m 2 - k 2 μ 1 2 - k 2 μ 1 2 m 2 + k 2 ) ns 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ( μ 1 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 ± μ 1 4 m 2 - μ 1 2 - μ 1 2 m 2 + 1 k 2 1 - μ 1 2 m 2 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ( μ 1 ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 , where k , μ 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 10 (3.19.1) v 10 = ± 1 3 3 - 3 m 2 k - λ ± 2 3 3 - 3 m 2 k ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ± 2 3 3 - 3 m 2 k cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 , (3.19.2) w 10 = 1 3 k 2 m 2 - 2 3 ( k 2 - k 2 m 2 ) ns 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ( ± ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 - 2 3 ( k 2 - k 2 m 2 ) ns ( k ( x + λ t ) ) cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ( ± ns ( ( x + λ t ) ) ± cs ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 , where k and λ are arbitrary constants. 3.3 sn ξ and dn ξ rational expansion Now we consider the ansätz (2.4.3) . For Eq. (3.3) , the ansätz (2.4.3) becomes (3.20) ϕ ( ξ ) = a 0 + a 1 sn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 + b 1 dn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 , σ ( ξ ) = A 0 + A 1 sn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 + B 1 dn ( ξ ) μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 + A 2 sn 2 ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 + B 2 sn ( ξ ) dn ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sn ( ξ ) + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 , where a 0 , a 1 , b 1 , A 0 , A 1 , A 2 , B 1 , B 2 are constants to be determined later. Following the same steps in Section 3.1 , we can obtain the following sn ξ and dn ξ rational formal doubly periodic solution: Family 11 (3.21.1) v 11 = - λ + a 1 sn 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) m ± ia 1 dn 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) m m , (3.21.2) w 11 ( ξ ) = a 1 2 - a 1 2 sn 2 ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) m ± ia 1 2 sn ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) m dn ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) m m , where a 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 12 (3.22.1) v 12 = - λ + a 1 sn ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 2 m , (3.22.2) w 12 = a 1 2 ( m 2 + 1 ) 4 m 2 - 1 2 a 1 2 sn 2 ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 2 m , where a 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 13 (3.23.1) v 13 = - λ + b 1 dn ± 1 2 i 3 b 1 ( x + λ t ) , (3.23.2) w 13 = - 1 4 b 1 2 m 2 + 1 2 b 1 2 m 2 sn 2 ± 1 2 i 3 b 1 ( x + λ t ) , where b 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 14 (3.24.1) v 14 = a 0 ± ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 + 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) msn ( ξ ) μ 2 2 - 1 ( m 2 - 1 ) μ 2 ( 1 + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) ) - ( λ + a 0 ) ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 + 1 ) dn ( ξ ) ( m 2 - 1 ) μ 2 ( 1 + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) ) , (3.24.2) w 14 = m 2 ( λ + a 0 ) ( μ 2 2 - 1 ) ( m 2 - 1 ) 2 μ 2 2 ± ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 + 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) 2 msn ( ξ ) μ 2 2 - 1 ( m 2 - 1 ) μ 2 ( 1 + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) ) - ( λ + a 0 ) 2 ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 + 1 ) m 2 dn ( ξ ) ( m 2 - 1 ) 2 μ 2 ( μ 2 2 - 1 ) ( 1 + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) ) ( λ + a 0 ) 2 ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 + 1 ) 2 m 2 sn 2 ( ξ ) ( m 2 - 1 ) 2 μ 2 2 ( μ 2 2 - 1 ) 2 ( 1 + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) ) 2 ± ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 + 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) 2 m 2 sn ( ξ ) dn ( ξ ) μ 2 2 - 1 ( m 2 - 1 ) 2 μ 2 2 ( 1 + μ 2 dn ( ξ ) ) 2 , where ξ = k ( x + λt ), k = ± 3 ( μ 2 2 - 1 ) ( μ 2 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 + 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) ( μ 2 2 - 1 ) ( m 2 - 1 ) μ 2 , μ 2 , λ and a 0 are arbitrary constants. Family 15 (3.25.1) v 15 = a 0 - ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) sn ( ξ ) μ 1 ( 1 + μ 1 sn ( ξ ) ) ± ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) dn ( ξ ) μ 1 2 - m 2 μ 1 ( 1 + μ 1 sn ( ξ ) ) , (3.25.2) w 15 = ( λ + a 0 ) 2 ( m 2 + μ 1 4 - 2 μ 1 2 ) μ 1 2 ( m 2 - μ 1 2 ) + ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) 2 ( m 2 + 1 - 2 μ 1 2 ) sn ( ξ ) μ 1 ( m 2 - μ 1 2 ) ( 1 + μ 1 sn ( ξ ) ) ± ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) 2 dn ( ξ ) μ 1 2 - m 2 μ 1 ( 1 + μ 1 sn ( ξ ) ) - ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) 2 ( λ + a 0 ) 2 sn 2 ( ξ ) μ 1 2 ( 1 + μ 1 sn ( ξ ) ) 2 ± ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) 2 ( λ + a 0 ) 2 sn ( ξ ) dn ( ξ ) μ 1 2 μ 1 2 - m 2 ( 1 + μ 1 sn ( ξ ) ) 2 , where ξ = k ( x + λt ), k = ± 3 ( μ 1 2 - m 2 ) ( μ 1 2 - 1 ) ( λ + a 0 ) ( μ 1 2 - m 2 ) μ 1 , μ 1 , λ and a 0 are arbitrary constants. Family 16 (3.26.1) ν 16 = a 0 - ( 3 + m 2 ) ( λ + a 0 ) sn ( ξ ) 1 ± sn ( ξ ) ± d n ( ξ ) , (3.26.2) w 16 = A 0 - 2 ( 4 a 0 2 + 4 λ 2 + 8 λ a 0 + A 0 m 2 - A 0 ) sn ( ξ ) ( m 2 - 1 ) ( 1 ± sn ( ξ ) ± dn ( ξ ) ) - ( 4 λ m 2 a 0 + 10 λ a 0 + 2 a 0 2 m 2 + 5 a 0 2 + a 0 2 m 4 + 2 λ a 0 m 4 + 5 λ 2 - 2 A 0 + 2 λ 2 m 2 + λ 2 m 4 ) dn ( ξ ) ( m 2 - 1 ) ( 1 ± sn ( ξ ) ± dn ( ξ ) ) - ( - a 0 2 m 4 - 2 λ a 0 m 4 - λ 2 m 4 - A 0 m 2 - 4 λ 2 m 2 - 8 λ m 2 a 0 - 4 a 0 2 m 2 - 7 a 0 2 + A 0 - 7 λ 2 - 14 λ a 0 ) sn 2 ( ξ ) 1 ± sn ( ξ ) ± dn ( ξ ) ) 2 ( 4 λ m 2 a 0 + 10 λ a 0 + 2 a 0 2 m 2 + 5 a 0 2 + a 0 2 m 4 + 2 λ a 0 m 4 + 5 λ 2 + 2 A 0 m 2 - 2 A 0 + 2 λ 2 m 2 + λ 2 m 4 ) sn ( ξ ) dn ( ξ ) ( m 2 - 1 ) ( 1 ± sn ( ξ ) ± dn ( ξ ) ) 2 , where ξ = k ( x + λt ), k = ± 3 ( m 2 - 1 ) ( 3 + m 2 ) λ + a 0 ( m 2 - 1 ) λ and a 0 are arbitrary constants. 3.4 sd ξ and nd ξ rational expansion Now we consider the ansätz (2.4.4) . For Eq. (3.3) , the ansätz (2.4.4) becomes (3.27) ϕ ( ξ ) = a 0 + a 1 sd ( ξ ) μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 + b 1 nd ( ξ ) μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 , σ ( ξ ) = A 0 + A 1 sd ( ξ ) μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 + B 1 nd ( ξ ) μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 + A 2 sd 2 ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 + B 2 sd ( ξ ) nd ( ξ ) ( μ 1 sd ( ξ ) + μ 2 nd ( ξ ) + 1 ) 2 , where a 0 , a 1 , b 1 , A 0 , A 1 , A 2 , B 1 , B 2 are constants to be determined later. Following the same steps in Section 3.1 , we can obtain the following sd ξ and nd ξ rational formal doubly periodic solution: Family 17 (3.28.1) v 17 = - λ + b 1 nd ± 3 2 b 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 , (3.28.2) w 17 = - 1 4 b 1 2 m 2 m 2 - 1 - 1 2 b 1 2 m 2 sd 2 ± 3 2 b 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 , where b 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 18 (3.29.1) v 18 = - λ + a 1 sd ± 3 2 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 m , (3.29.2) w 18 = - 1 4 a 1 2 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) m 2 ( m 2 - 1 ) - 1 2 a 1 2 sd 2 ± 3 2 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 m , where a 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 19 (3.30.1) v 19 = - λ + a 1 sd 3 ± a 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 m - a 1 m nd ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 m , (3.30.2) w 19 = a 1 2 1 - m 2 - a 1 2 sd 2 ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 m + a 1 2 m nd ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 m sd ± 3 a 1 ( x + λ t ) 3 m 2 - 3 m , where a 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 20 (3.31.1) v 20 = μ 1 3 k + k μ 1 m 2 ± λ 3 μ 1 4 + 6 μ 1 2 m 2 - 3 μ 1 2 + 3 m 4 - 3 m 2 3 μ 1 4 + 6 μ 1 2 m 2 - 3 μ 1 2 + 3 m 4 - 3 m 2 ± μ 1 4 + 2 μ 1 2 m 2 - μ 1 2 + m 4 - m 2 k sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) ± μ 1 2 + m 2 - 1 k nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) , (3.31.2) w 20 = k 2 ( m 2 - μ 1 4 + 2 μ 1 2 - 2 μ 1 2 m 2 - m 4 ) 3 ( μ 1 2 + m 2 - 1 ) + ( 2 k 2 μ 1 3 + 2 k 2 μ 1 m 2 - k 2 μ 1 ) sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) ± 1 3 μ 1 2 + m 2 - 1 k 2 μ 1 ( m 2 + μ 1 2 ) nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) μ 1 4 + 2 μ 1 2 m 2 - μ 1 2 + m 4 - 3 m 2 ( μ 1 sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) + ( k 2 m 2 - μ 1 4 k 2 - 2 k 2 μ 1 2 m 2 + k 2 μ 1 2 - k 2 m 4 ) sd 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 ± μ 1 4 + 2 μ 1 2 m 2 - μ 1 2 + m 4 - m 2 k 2 μ 1 2 + m 2 - 1 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( μ 1 sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 , where k , μ 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 21 (3.32.1) v 21 = k μ 2 - k μ 2 3 ± λ - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 + 6 μ 2 2 - 3 μ 2 4 + 3 m 2 - 3 μ 2 2 m 2 - 3 + 6 μ 2 2 - 3 μ 2 4 + 3 m 2 ± m 2 + μ 2 2 - 1 mk sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) ± m 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 - 1 + 2 μ 2 2 - μ 2 4 k nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) , (3.32.2) w 21 = - 1 3 ( m 2 - 1 ) m 2 k 2 m 2 + μ 2 2 - 1 ± 1 3 m 2 + μ 2 2 - 1 mk 2 μ 2 ( μ 2 2 - 1 ) sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) m 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 - 1 + 2 μ 2 2 - μ 2 4 ( 1 + μ 2 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) + 1 3 k 2 μ 2 m 2 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 1 + μ 2 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + ( k 2 m 2 - k 2 m 4 - k 2 μ 2 2 m 2 ) sd 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) 2 ± m 2 + μ 2 2 - 1 mk 2 m 2 - μ 2 2 m 2 - 1 + 2 μ 2 2 - μ 2 4 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( 1 + μ 2 nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ) 2 , where k , μ 2 and λ are arbitrary constants. Family 22 (3.33.1) v 22 = k - km 2 ± λ - 9 + 3 m 4 + 6 m 2 - 9 + 3 m 4 + 6 m 2 ± 1 3 - 9 + 3 m 4 + 6 m 2 k sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 , (3.33.2) w 22 = - 3 A 1 m 2 + 9 A 1 + 8 k 2 6 ( m 2 + 3 ) + A 1 sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 + ( 3 A 1 + k 2 - k 2 m 2 ) nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( ± sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) + ( 2 k 2 - 2 k 2 m 2 - 3 A 1 m 2 - 3 A 1 ) sd 2 ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 6 ( ± sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 - ( 3 A 1 + k 2 - k 2 m 2 ) nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) 3 ( ± sd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) ± nd ( k ( x + λ t ) ) + 1 ) 2 , where k , A 1 and λ are arbitrary constants. Remark From Section 3.1 , we can easily recover all the solutions obtained in [13] , when μ 2 = 0 and k = 1. The other solutions obtained here, to our knowledge, are all new families of rational form Jacobi elliptic function solutions of the DLWE. 4 Summary and conclusions In this paper, we have extended the new Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method. The method is more powerful than the method proposed recently by Liu et al. [10] , Fan [11] , Yan [12] and Wang et al. [13] . The (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation is chosen to illustrate the method such that many families of new Jacobi elliptic function solutions are obtained. When the modulus m → 1, some of these obtained solutions degenerate as solitary wave solutions. The algorithm can be also applied to many nonlinear differential equations in mathematical physics. Further work about various extensions and improvement of Jacobi function method need us to find the more general ansätzes or the more general subequation. Acknowledgment The National Key Basic Research Development Project Program under the grant no. G1998030600 and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation. References [1] M.J. Ablowitz P.A. Clarkson Soliton, nonlinear evolution equations and inverse scatting 1991 Cambridge University Press New York [2] M. Wadati J Phys Soc Jpn 38 1975 673 680 M. Wadati J Phys Soc Jpn 38 1975 681 686 M. Wadati H. Sanuki K. Konno Prog Theor Phys 53 1975 419 K. Konno M. Wadati Prog Theor Phys 53 1975 1652 [3] Y. Chen B. Li H.Q. Zhang Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 17 2003 693 698 Y. Chen Z.Y. Yan H.Q. Zhang Theor Math Phys 132 1 2002 970 975 Y. Chen B. Li H.Q. Zhang Commun Theor Phys (Beijing) 39 2003 135 140 B. Li Y. Chen H.Q. Zhang Phys Lett A 305 2002 377 382 [4] V.A. Matveev M.A. Salle Darboux transformations and solitons 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg [5] S.Y. Lou J.Z. Lu J Phys A 29 1996 4029 S.Y. Lou H.R. Ruan J Phys A 34 2001 305 S.Y. Lou Phys Scr 65 2000 7 X.Y. Tang S.Y. Lou Y. Zhang Phys Rev E 66 2002 046601 [6] E.G. Fan Phys Lett A 277 2000 212 E.G. Fan Phys Lett A 294 2002 26 E.G. Fan Phys Lett A 285 2001 373 E.G. Fan Y.C. Hon Z Naturforsch A 57 2002 692 [7] E.J. Parkes B.R. Duffy Comput Phys Commun 98 1996 288 E.J. Parkes B.R. Duffy Phys Lett A 229 1997 217 [8] Z.Y. Yan Phys Lett A 292 2001 100 106 Z.Y. Yan H.Q. Zhang Appl Math Mech 21 2000 382 [9] M.L. Wang Phys Lett A 216 1996 67 M.L. Wang Y.M. Wang Y.B. Zhou Phys Lett A 303 2002 45 51 [10] S.K. Liu Phys Lett A 290 2001 72 S.Y. Liu Phys Lett A 289 2001 69 [11] E.G. Fan Y.C. Hon Benny Phys Lett A 292 2002 335 E.G. Fan J. Zhang Phys Lett A 305 2002 383 [12] Z.Y. Yan Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 18 2003 299 Z.Y. Yan Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 15 2003 575 Z.Y. Yan Comput Phys Commun 148 2002 30 [13] Q. Wang Y. Chen H.Q. Zhang Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 23 2005 477 [14] K. Chandrasekharan Elliptic function 1978 Springer Berlin [15] D.V. Patrick Elliptic function and elliptic curves 1973 University Press Cambridge [16] Z.X. Wang X.J. Xia Special functions 1989 World Scientific Singapore [17] L.J.F. Broer Appl Sci Res 31 1975 377 [18] D.J. Kaup Prog Theor Phys 54 1975 72 [19] L. Martinez J Math Phys 21 1980 2342 [20] B.A. Kupershmidt Commun Math Phys 99 1985 51 [21] C.L. Chen S.Y. Lou Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 16 2003 27 [22] M.L. Wang Phys Lett A 199 1995 169 [23] X.D. Zheng Y. Chen H.Q. Zheng Phys Lett A 311 2003 145 [24] W. Wu Algorithams and computation berli 1994 Springer Berlin p. 1",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "ox2uRip0": {
        "id": "ox2uRip0",
        "title": "A new general algebraic method with symbolic computation to construct new doubly-periodic solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "For constructing more new exact doubly-periodic solutions in terms of rational form Jacobi elliptic function of nonlinear evolution equations, a new direct and unified algebraic method, named Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method, is presented and implemented in a computer algebraic system. Compared with most of the existing Jacobi elliptic function expansion methods, the proposed method can be expected to obtain new and more general formal solutions. We choose a (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation to illustrate the method.",
        "keywords": [
            "dimensional dispersive long wave",
            "new doubly-periodic solution",
            "rational expansion method",
            "computer algebraic system",
            "existing jacobi elliptic function",
            "unified algebraic method",
            "new general algebraic method",
            "symbolic computation",
            "expansion method",
            "jacobi elliptic function",
            "new exact doubly-periodic solution",
            "rational form jacobi elliptic",
            "wave equation",
            "jacobi elliptic functions",
            "1 dimensional"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China and Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China and MM Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bei ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "MM Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China and Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "r2NbiNXA": {
        "id": "r2NbiNXA",
        "title": "A new Riccati equation rational expansion method and its application to (2 + 1)-dimensional Burgers equation",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we present a new Riccati equation rational expansion method to uniformly construct a series of exact solutions for nonlinear evolution equations. Compared with most existing tanh methods and other sophisticated methods, the proposed method not only recover some known solutions, but also find some new and general solutions. The solutions obtained in this paper include rational triangular periodic wave solutions, rational solitary wave solutions and rational wave solutions. The efficiency of the method can be demonstrated on (2 + 1)-dimensional Burgers equation. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "hQksb7P0": {
        "id": "hQksb7P0",
        "title": "A new elliptic equation rational expansion method and its application to the shallow long wave approximate equations",
        "abstract": "A new elliptic equation rational expansion method is presented by a new general ansatz, which is a direct and unified algebraic method for constructing multiple and more general travelling wave solution for nonlinear partial differential equation and implemented in a computer algebraic system. The proposed method is applied to consider the shallow long wave approximate equation and obtains rich new families of the exact solutions, including rational form solitary wave, rational form triangular periodic, rational form Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "shallow long wave",
            "travelling wave solution",
            "shallow long wave approximate equation",
            "general travelling wave solution",
            "rational form triangular",
            "approximate equation",
            "new general ansatz",
            "rational expansion method",
            "new elliptic equation",
            "nonlinear partial differential equation",
            "rational form",
            "obtains rich new family",
            "elliptic equation rational expansion method",
            "rational form solitary wave solutions",
            "elliptic equation",
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China and Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China and M.M. Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, B ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "M.M. Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China and Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "InzuKWnb": {
        "id": "InzuKWnb",
        "title": "A generalized method and general form solutions to the Whitham–Broer–Kaup equation",
        "abstract": "Based on a more general transformation presented in this paper, a generalized method for finding more types travelling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) is presented and implemented in a computer algebraic system. As an application of the method, Whitham–Broer–Kaup (WBK) equation is studied to illustrate the method. As a result, We cannot only successfully recover the previously known travelling wave solutions found by Fan's method [J. Phys. A 35 (2002) 6853; Comput. Phys. Commun. 53 (2003) 17], but also obtain some new formal solutions. The solutions obtained in this paper include polynomial, exponential, solitary wave, rational, triangular periodic, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "MM Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "MM Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "cKtlsx8s": {
        "id": "cKtlsx8s",
        "title": "An extended Jacobi elliptic function rational expansion method and its application to (2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "With the aid of computerized symbolic computation, a new elliptic function rational expansion method is presented by means of a new general ansatz, in which periodic solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations that can be expressed as a finite Laurent series of some of 12 Jacobi elliptic functions, is more powerful than exiting Jacobi elliptic function methods and is very powerful to uniformly construct more new exact periodic solutions in terms of rational formal Jacobi elliptic function solution of nonlinear partial differential equations. As an application of the method, we choose a (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation to illustrate the method. As a result, we can successfully obtain the solutions found by most existing Jacobi elliptic function methods and find other new and more general solutions at the same time. Of course, more shock wave solutions or solitary wave solutions can be gotten at their limit condition. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "(2 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
            "Jacobi elliptic functions",
            "Periodic solution",
            "Soliton solution",
            "Travelling wave solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "4s8DXrA3": {
        "id": "4s8DXrA3",
        "title": "New exact travelling wave solutions to hirota equation and (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the computerized symbolic Maple, we study two important nonlinear evolution equations, i.e., the Hirota equation and the (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation by use of a direct and unified algebraic method named the general projective Riccati equation method to find more exact solutions to nonlinear differential equations. The method is more powerful than most of the existing tanh method. New and more general form solutions are obtained. The properties of the new formal solitary wave solutions are shown by some figures.",
        "keywords": [
            "(1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
            "hirota equation",
            "projective riccati equation method"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "kz8FD1lg": {
        "id": "kz8FD1lg",
        "title": "Rational form solitary wave solutions and doubly periodic wave solutions to (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "In this work we devise an algebraic method to uniformly construct rational form solitary wave solutions and Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions of physical interest for nonlinear evolution equations. With the aid of symbolic computation, we apply the proposed method to solving the (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation and explicitly construct a series of exact solutions which include the rational form solitary wave solutions and elliptic doubly periodic wave solutions as special cases. © International Academic Publishers.",
        "keywords": [
            "(1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
            "elliptic equation rational expansion method",
            "rational form jacobi and weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions",
            "rational form solitary wave solutions",
            "symbolic computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Hong-Qing",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "8Ab1uZIR": {
        "id": "8Ab1uZIR",
        "title": "A new general algebraic method with symbolic computation to construct new travelling wave solution for the (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "Algebraic method",
            "Rational form solitary wave solutions",
            "Riccati equation rational expansion method",
            "Symbolic computation",
            "Triangular periodic wave solutions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "96MfmWDX": {
        "id": "96MfmWDX",
        "title": "The stochastic soliton-like solutions of stochastic KdV equations",
        "abstract": "By means of a generalized method and symbolic computation, we consider a stochastic KdV equation U t + f ( t ) U ♢ U x + g ( t ) U xxx = W ( t ) ♢ R ♢ ( t , U , U x , U xxx ). We construct new and more general formal solutions. At the same time, we recover all the solutions found by Xie [Phys. Lett. A 310 (2003) 161]. The solutions obtained include the nontravelling wave and coefficient function’s stochastic soliton-like solutions, singular stochastic soliton-like solutions, stochastic triangular functions solutions. 1 Introduction As is well known, the motion of long, unidirectional, weakly nonlinear water waves on a channel can be described by the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. When the surface of the fluid is submitted to a nonconstant pressure, or when the bottom of the layer is not flat, a forcing term has to be added to the equation. This term is given by the gradient of the exterior pressure or of the function whose graph defines the bottom. We are interested in the case when the forcing term is random, which is a very natural approach if it is assumed that the exterior pressure is generated by a turbulent velocity field for instance. We also assume that this random force is of white noise type [1–5] . In 1983, for the first time M. Wadati answers an interesting question, “how does external noise affect the motion of solitons?”. In [1] , the KdV equation under Gaussian noise is studied and it is showed that a soliton under Gaussian noise satisfies a diffusion equation in transformed coordinates; the deformation of the soliton during the propagation is explicitly obtained; the phenomenon is designated as the diffusion of soliton. In 1990, a nonlinear partial differential equation which describes wave propagations in random media is presented by Wadati [2] . The stochastic equation (17) in [2] is useful for study of similar problem in hydrodynamics and plasmas physics. Recently, the stochastic KdV equation arises when modelling the propagation of weakly nonlinear waves in a noisy plasma [2–6] . The remarkable achievement (see [1–6] and references for detail) of the study of stochastic partial differential equation have been obtained, for example, de Bouard and Debussche [6] use function space similar to those introduced by Bourgain to prove well posedness results for the KdV equation in L 2 -function and obtain the global existence of L 2 ( R ) solution when the covariance operator of the noise is Hilbert–Schmidt in L 2 ( R ). Holden et al. [7] gave while noise functional approach to research stochastic partial differential equations in Wick version. More recently, based on the theory in [7] , using Hermite transform and the homogenous balance method, Xie studied Wick-type stochastic KdV equation and obtained stochastic soliton solution of this equation [8] . In this paper, we would like to further extended the method presented by Fan [9–11] and recently improved by Chen et al. [12–14] , to find stochastic soliton-like solutions of a Wick-type stochastic KdV equation as the following form [8] : (1.1) U t + f ( t ) U ♢ U x + g ( t ) U xxx = W ( t ) ♢ R ♢ ( t , U , U x , U xxx ) which is the perturbation of the KdV equation with variable coefficients (1.2) u t + f ( t ) uu x + g ( t ) u xxx = 0 by random force W ( t ) ♢ R ♢ ( R , U , U x , U xxx ), where f ( t ) and g ( t ) are functions of t , W ( t ) is Gaussian white noise, i.e., W ( t ) = B ( t ) ˙ and B ( t ) is a Brownian motion, R ( u , u x , u xxx ) = − αuu x − βu xxx is a functional of u , u x and u xxx for some constants α , β and R ♢ is the Wick version of the functional R . For more detail about the exchange between Wick-type stochastic equation and common partial differential equation, the reader is advised to see the remarkable achievement by Holden et al. [7] and the second section of Ref. [8] by Xie. As a result, we construct new and more general formal solutions for Eq. (1) , which include the nontravelling wave and coefficient function’s stochastic soliton-like solutions, singular stochastic soliton-like solutions, stochastic triangular functions solutions. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Section 2 , we establish a generalized method. In Section 3 , we apply the generalized method to a stochastic KdV equation and obtain some exact analytical solutions for this model. A short summary and discussion are given in final. 2 Summary of the generalized method In the following we would like to outline the main steps of our general method: Step 1. For a given nonlinear partial differential equation (NPDE) system with some physical fields u i ( x , y , t ) ( i = 1, … , n ) in three variables x , y , t , (2.1) F i ( u i , u it , u ix , u iy , u itt , u ixt , u iyt , u ixx , u iyy , u ixy , … ) = 0 . We express the solutions of the NPDE by the new more general ansatz (2.2) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij ϕ j + b ij ϕ j - 1 ∑ ρ = 0 4 h ρ ϕ ρ , where m i is an integer to be determined by balance the highest-order derivative terms with the nonlinear terms in Eq. (2.1) , the new variable ϕ = ϕ ( ξ ) satisfying: (2.3) ϕ ′ = d ϕ d ξ = ∑ ρ = 0 4 rh ρ ϕ ρ , and a i 0 = a i 0 ( x , y , t ), a ij = a ij ( x , y , t ), b ij = b ij ( x , y , t ), ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) and ξ = ξ ( x , y , t ) are all differentiable functions to be determined later. Here h 0 , h 1 , h 2 , h 3 , h 4 are constants. Step 2. Substitute Eq. (2.2) into Eq. (2.1) along with Eq. (2.3) and then set all coefficients of ϕ p ( ∑ ρ = 0 4 h ρ ϕ ρ ) q ( q = 0, 1; p = 0, 1, 2, …) to be zero to get an over-determined partial differential equations with respect to a i 0 , a ij , b ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) and ξ . Step 3. Solving the over-determined partial differential equations by use of Maple , we would end up with the explicit expressions for a i 0 , a ij , b ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) and ξ or the constrains among them. Step 4. By using the results obtained in the above steps, we can derive a series of fundamental-like solutions such as polynomial-like, exponential-like, solitary-like wave, rational-like, triangular-like periodic, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly-like periodic solutions. Because we are interested in solitary-like wave, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly-like periodic solutions and tan-like and cot-like type solutions appearing in pairs with tanh-like and coth-like type solutions respectively, therefore polynomial-like, rational-like, triangular-like periodic solutions are omitted in this paper. By considering the different values of h 0 , h 1 , h 2 , h 3 and h 4 , Eq. (2.3) has many kinds of solitary-like wave, Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly-like periodic solutions which are listed as follows. (i) Solitary-like wave solutions. a. Bell shaped soliton-like solutions. (2.4) ϕ = - h 2 h 4 sech h 2 ξ , h 0 = h 1 = h 3 = 0 , h 2 > 0 , h 4 < 0 , (2.5) ϕ = - h 2 h 3 sech 2 h 2 2 ξ , h 0 = h 1 = h 4 = 0 , h 2 > 0 . b. Kink shaped soliton-like solutions. (2.6) ϕ = - h 2 2 h 4 tanh - h 2 2 ξ , h 0 = h 2 2 4 h 4 , h 1 = h 3 = 0 , h 2 < 0 , h 4 > 0 . c. Soliton-like solutions. (2.7) ϕ = h 2 sech 2 1 2 h 2 ξ 2 h 2 h 4 tanh 1 2 h 2 ξ - h 3 , h 0 = h 1 = 0 , h 2 > 0 . (ii) Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly-like periodic solutions. (2.8) ϕ = - h 2 m 2 h 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) cn h 2 2 m 2 - 1 ξ , h 4 < 0 , h 2 > 0 , h 0 = h 2 2 m 2 ( 1 - m 2 ) h 4 ( 2 m 2 - 1 ) 2 , (2.9) ϕ = - m 2 h 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) dn h 2 2 - m 2 ξ , h 4 < 0 , h 2 > 0 , h 0 = h 2 2 ( 1 - m 2 ) h 4 ( 2 - m 2 ) 2 , (2.10) ϕ = - h 2 m 2 h 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) sn - h 2 m 2 + 1 ξ , h 4 > 0 , h 2 < 0 , h 0 = h 2 2 m 2 h 4 ( m 2 + 1 ) 2 , where m is a modulus. (2.11) ϕ = ℘ h 3 2 ξ , g 2 , g 3 , h 2 = 0 , h 3 > 0 , where g 2 = - 4 h 1 h 3 and g 3 = - 4 h 0 h 3 are called invariants of Weierstrass elliptic function. The Jacobi elliptic functions are doubly periodic and possess properties of triangular functions: sn 2 ξ + cn 2 ξ = 1 , dn 2 ξ = 1 - m 2 sn 2 ξ , ( sn ξ ) ′ = cn ξ dn ξ , ( cn ξ ) ′ = - sn ξ , ( dn ξ ) ′ = - m 2 sn ξ cn ξ . When m → 1, the Jacobi functions degenerate to the hyperbolic functions, i.e. sn ξ → tanh ξ , cn ξ → sech ξ , when m → 0, the Jacobi functions degenerate to the triangular functions, i.e. sn ξ → sin ξ , cn ξ → cos ξ . The more detailed notations for the Weierstrass and Jacobi elliptic functions can be found in Refs. [19,20] . Remark 1 1. Generalization : The method proposed here is more general than the method [9–11] by Fan, the method [12–14] improved by Chen et al. and the method [15] improved by E. Yomba. Firstly, compared with the method [9–11] and the improved method [12–14] the restriction on ξ ( x , y , t ) as merely a linear function x , y , t and the restriction on the coefficients a i 0 , a ij , b ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) as constants are removed. Secondly, compared with the improved method [15] by E. Yomba, the Eq. (2.3) that the new variable ϕ = ϕ ( ξ ) satisfies is more general. More importantly, we add terms b ij ϕ j - 1 ∑ ρ = 0 4 h ρ ϕ ρ in new ansatz ( 2.2 ), so more types of solutions would be expected for some equations. 2. Feasibility : For the generalization of the ansatz, naturally more complicated computation is expected than ever before. Even if the availability of computer symbolic systems like Maple or Mathematica allows us to perform the complicated and tedious algebraic calculation and differentiation on a computer, in general it is very difficult, sometime impossible, to solve the set of over-determined partial differential equations in (step 3). As the calculation goes on, in order to drastically simplify the work or make the work feasible, we often choose special function forms for a i 0 , a ij , b ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) and ξ , on a trial-and-error basis. 3. Further extendable : In fact, We naturally present a more general a ansatz, which reads, (2.12) u i ( ξ ) = a i 0 + ∑ j = 1 m i a ij ϕ j + b ij ϕ - j + f ij ϕ j - 1 ∑ ρ = 0 r h ρ ϕ ρ + k ij ∑ ρ = 0 r h ρ ϕ ρ ϕ j , where a i 0 , a ij , b ij , f ij , k ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) and ξ are differentiable function to be determined later. When a i 0 , a ij , b ij , f ij , k ij ( i = 1, 2, … ; j = 1, 2, … , m i ) are constants and ξ is linear function with respect to x , y and t in the above ansatz, we have studied in Refs. [16–18] . Therefore, for some nonlinear equations, more types of solutions would be expected. 3 The stochastic soliton solutions of stochastic KdV equations In this section, we will give exact solutions of Eq. (1.1) by the generalized method. Taking the Hermite transform of (1.1) , we get the equation (3.1) U t ∼ ( t , x , z ) + θ ( t , z ) U ∼ ( t , x , z ) U ∼ x ( t , x , z ) + τ ( t , z ) U ∼ xxx ( t , x , z ) = 0 , where θ ( t , z ) = [ f ( t ) + α W ∼ ( t , z ) ] , τ ( t , z ) = [ g ( t ) + β W ∼ ( t , z ) ] , the Hermite transformation of W ( t ) is defined by W ∼ ( t , z ) = ∑ k = 1 ∞ η k ( t ) z k when z = ( z 1 , z 2 , … ,) ∈ ( C N ) c is parameter. We first solve Eq. (3.1) . According to the generalized method, we suppose that the solutions of (3.1) are the form (3.2) U ∼ ( t , x , z ) = a 0 + a 1 ϕ ( ξ ) + b 1 h 0 + h 1 ϕ ( ξ ) + h 2 ϕ 2 ( ξ ) + h 3 ϕ 3 ( ξ ) + h 4 ϕ 4 ( ξ ) + a 2 ϕ 2 ( ξ ) + b 2 ϕ ( ξ ) h 0 + h 1 ϕ ( ξ ) + h 2 ϕ 2 ( ξ ) + h 3 ϕ 3 ( ξ ) + h 4 ϕ 4 ( ξ ) , where a 0 = a 0 ( t , z ), a 1 = a 1 ( t , z ), a 2 = a 2 ( t , z ), b 1 = b 1 ( t , z ), b 2 = b 2 ( t , z ), ξ = xp ( t , z ) + q ( t , z ) and ϕ ( ξ ) satisfy (2.3) . Then substituting (3.2) and (2.3) into (3.1) , collecting coefficients of monomials of ϕ ( ξ ), ∑ ρ = 0 4 h ρ ϕ ρ and x of the resulting system’s numerator (Notice that θ ( t , z ), τ ( t , z ), a 0 ( t , z ), a 1 ( t , z ), a 2 ( t , z ), b 1 ( t , z ), b 2 ( t , z ), p ( t , z ), q ( t , z ) are all independent of x ), then setting each coefficients to zero, we obtain the following over-determined PDEs system. (3.3) 8 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 + 60 h 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 1 + 10 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 + 144 h 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 0 + 6 h 3 b 1 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) + 8 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) h 2 + 32 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 2 + 10 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) h 1 + 30 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 2 h 3 + 8 b 2 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) h 2 + 12 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 0 + 4 ∂ ∂ t a 2 ( t , z ) + 84 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 h 3 + 6 h 3 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.4) 12 h 4 b 2 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t p ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.5) 2 ∂ ∂ t p ( t , z ) ( 2 h 0 b 2 ( t , z ) + b 1 ( t , z ) h 1 ) = 0 , (3.6) 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 0 + 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) + 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 a 1 ( t , z ) h 2 + 2 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) ( b 1 ( t , z ) ) 2 h 1 + 12 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 a 2 ( t , z ) h 1 + 4 ∂ ∂ t b 1 ( t , z ) + 4 a 1 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.7) 180 h 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 + 8 h 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) + 12 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) h 2 + 14 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 + 10 h 3 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) + 10 h 3 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) + 80 h 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 2 + 8 h 4 b 1 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) + 130 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 h 3 + 12 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 + 10 h 3 b 2 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) + 30 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 3 2 = 0 , (3.8) 2 ∂ ∂ t p ( t , z ) 4 h 2 b 2 ( t , z ) + 3 h 3 b 1 ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.9) 2 ∂ ∂ t p ( t , z ) ( 2 b 1 ( t , z ) h 2 + 3 h 1 b 2 ( t , z ) ) = 0 , (3.10) 30 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 h 2 + 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) h 2 + 48 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 0 h 4 + 60 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 3 h 0 + 6 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 + 18 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 1 h 3 + 8 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) h 0 + 8 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) h 0 + 4 ∂ ∂ t a 1 ( t , z ) + 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 2 2 + 4 b 1 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) h 2 + 6 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) h 1 + 6 b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.11) 4 a 1 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t p ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.12) 8 p ( t , z ) ( 12 h 4 a 2 ( t , z ) τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 2 + θ ( t , z ) ( a 2 ( t , z ) ) 2 + θ ( t , z ) ( b 1 ( t , z ) ) 2 h 4 ) + 8 p ( t , z ) ( 2 h 3 θ ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) + θ ( t , z ) ( b 2 ( t , z ) ) 2 h 2 ) = 0 , (3.13) 6 p ( t , z ) ( 4 ( p ( t , z ) ) 2 h 4 τ ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) + 10 ( p ( t , z ) ) 2 h 3 τ ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) ) + 6 p ( t , z ) ( θ ( t , z ) ( b 2 ( t , z ) ) 2 h 1 + 2 θ ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) ) + 6 p ( t , z ) ( 2 θ ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 + h 3 θ ( t , z ) ( b 1 ( t , z ) ) 2 ) = 0 , (3.14) 12 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) ( b 2 ( t , z ) ) 2 h 4 = 0 , (3.15) 20 h 4 p ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) ( 12 ( p ( t , z ) ) 2 h 4 τ ( t , z ) + a 2 ( t , z ) θ ( t , z ) ) = 0 , (3.16) 10 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) ( h 3 b 2 ( t , z ) + 2 h 4 b 1 ( t , z ) ) = 0 , (3.17) 8 a 2 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t p ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.18) 4 ∂ ∂ t a 0 ( t , z ) + 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) h 0 + 12 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 3 h 0 + 3 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 2 + 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 0 + 2 b 1 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) h 1 + 2 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) h 1 + 2 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 1 h 2 + 4 b 2 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) h 0 + 16 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 h 0 = 0 , (3.19) 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) ( b 2 ( t , z ) ) 2 h 0 + 8 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 1 + 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) ( a 1 ( t , z ) ) 2 + 8 a 2 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) + 8 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) + 12 h 3 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 a 1 ( t , z ) + 4 ∂ ∂ t b 2 ( t , z ) + 32 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 a 2 ( t , z ) h 2 + 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) ( b 1 ( t , z ) ) 2 h 2 = 0 , (3.20) 2 ∂ ∂ t p ( t , z ) ( 4 h 4 b 1 ( t , z ) + 5 h 3 b 2 ( t , z ) ) = 0 , (3.21) 14 h 3 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) + 16 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 + 12 h 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) + 12 h 4 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 0 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) + 105 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 3 2 + 120 h 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 1 ( t , z ) h 3 + 12 h 4 b 2 ( t , z ) ∂ ∂ t q ( t , z ) + 240 h 4 τ ( t , z ) ( p ( t , z ) ) 3 b 2 ( t , z ) h 2 + 14 h 3 θ ( t , z ) p ( t , z ) a 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) = 0 , (3.22) 2 p ( t , z ) ( 48 p 2 ( t , z ) τ ( t , z ) b 1 ( t , z ) h 4 2 + 168 p 2 ( t , z ) h 4 τ ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) h 3 ) + 2 p ( t , z ) θ ( t , z ) ( 8 h 4 b 1 ( t , z ) a 2 ( t , z ) + a 1 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) + 9 h 3 a 2 ( t , z ) b 2 ( t , z ) ) = 0 , Solving the system of PDEs. (3.3)–(3.22) by Maple , we obtain the following two solutions. (3.23) p = F 1 ( z ) , θ = θ , a 1 = F 2 ( z ) , a 2 = 2 F 2 ( z ) h 4 h 3 , b 2 = 0 , a 0 = F 3 ( z ) q = - 3 F 1 ( z ) ∫ θ ( t , z ) d th 3 F 3 ( z ) - F 1 ( z ) ∫ θ ( t , z ) d th 2 F 2 ( z ) - 3 F 5 ( z ) h 3 3 h 3 , τ = - 1 3 θ ( t , z ) F 2 ( z ) h 3 F 1 2 ( z ) , b 1 = ± 2 h 4 F 2 ( z ) h 3 , where F 1 ( z ), …, F 3 ( z ) and θ ( t , z ) are all arbitrary functions. Thus from (3.2) and (3.23) , we obtain two families of exact solutions of Eq. (3.1) as follows. For simplicity, we omit polynomial-like, rational-like, triangular-like periodic solutions in this paper. Family 1. When h 0 = h 1 = h 4 = 0, h 2 > 0, (3.24) U ∼ 1 ( t , x , z ) = F 3 ( z ) - F 2 ( z ) h 2 sech 2 h 2 2 ξ h 3 , where ξ = xF 1 ( z ) + q ( t , z ), q ( t , z ), θ ( t , z ) and τ ( t , z ) are determined by (3.23) . Family 2. When h 0 = h 1 = 0, h 2 > 0 (3.25) U ∼ 2 ( x , t , z ) = F 3 ( z ) + F 2 ( z ) h 2 sech 2 h 2 2 ξ 2 h 2 h 4 tanh h 2 2 ξ - h 3 + 2 F 2 ( z ) h 4 h 2 2 sech 4 h 2 2 ξ h 3 2 h 2 h 4 tanh h 2 2 ξ - h 3 2 ± 2 h 2 5 2 h 4 h 3 F 2 ( z ) sech 4 h 2 2 ξ tanh h 2 2 ξ 2 h 2 h 4 tanh h 2 2 ξ - h 3 2 + sech 6 h 2 2 ξ h 2 h 4 2 h 2 h 4 tanh h 2 2 ξ - h 3 3 , where ξ = xF 1 ( z ) + q ( t , z ), q ( t , z ), θ ( t , z ) and ϕ ( t , z ) determined by (3.23) . By (3.24) and (3.25) , the definition of W ∼ , Theorem 2.1 in Ref. [7] and exp ♢ { B ( t ) } = exp { B ( t ) - 1 2 t 2 } (see Lemma 2.6.16 in [6] ), we have the following stochastic solitary solutions: Family 1. (3.26) U 1 ( t , x ) = F 3 - 4 F 2 h 2 exp ♢ ( h 2 ( xF 1 + Q ( t ) ) ) ( exp ♢ ( h 2 ( xF 1 + Q ( t ) ) ) + 1 ) ♢ 2 h 3 , where Q ( t ) = - ( 3 F 1 h 3 F 3 - F 1 h 2 F 2 ) ∫ f ( t ) d t + α [ B ( t ) - 1 2 t 2 ] - 3 F 4 h 3 3 h 3 , F 1 , F 2 , F 3 and F 4 are all arbitrary constants. Family 2. (3.27) U 2 ( x , t ) = F 3 - 4 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) F 2 h 2 ( - 2 h 2 h 4 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 2 h 2 h 4 + h 3 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + h 3 ) ♢ ( exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 1 ) + 32 exp ♢ ( 2 h 2 ξ ) h 2 2 h 4 F 2 ( - 2 h 2 h 4 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 2 h 2 h 4 + h 3 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + h 3 ) ♢ 2 ♢ ( exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 1 ) ♢ 2 h 3 ± 32 ( exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) - 1 ) ♢ exp ♢ ( 2 h 2 ξ ) F 2 h 4 h 2 5 2 ( - 2 h 2 h 4 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 2 h 2 h 4 + h 3 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + h 3 ) ♢ 2 ♢ ( exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 1 ) ♢ 3 h 3 ± 128 exp ♢ ( 3 h 2 ξ ) F 2 h 4 h 2 3 ( - 2 h 2 h 4 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 2 h 2 h 4 + h 3 exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + h 3 ) ♢ 3 ♢ ( exp ♢ ( h 2 ξ ) + 1 ) ♢ 3 h 3 , where ξ = xF 1 + Q ( t ), Q ( t ) = - ( 3 F 1 h 3 F 3 - F 1 h 2 F 2 ) ∫ f ( t ) d t + α [ B ( t ) - 1 2 t 2 ] - 3 F 4 h 3 3 h 3 , F 1 , F 2 , F 3 and F 4 are all arbitrary constants. Remark 2 (1) Due to the arbitrariness of F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 and f ( t ), it is not difficult to verify that the solution 3.10,3.11 obtained in [8] can be reproduced by the solution (3.26) obtained by us. But, to our knowledge, the other solutions obtained were not reported before. (2) The more general soliton-like solutions obtained by the generalized method contain the some arbitrary differentiable functions and some arbitrary constants, which may enable one to discuss the behavior of solutions as a function of these arbitrary differentiable functions and some arbitrary constants and this also provide enough freedom to build up solutions that may correspond to a particular physical situation, or initial condition have some desired features, which means a great variation in the solutions. In order to understand the significance of these soliton-like solutions obtained in the paper, by choosing the special functions, we find some very interesting special solutions (3.26) , which including soliton-like solutions, snake-like soliton and Boomerang-like soliton, and choose the solutions (3.26) to be figured. Their interaction scenario also were shown in fellow figures ( Figs. 1–3 ). 4 Summary and discussion In summary, based on the generalized method and symbolic computation, by means of the theory of stochastic partial differential equations in Wick version [7] , we study stochastic KdV equation U t + f ( t ) U ♢ U x + g ( t ) U xxx = W ( t )♢ R ♢ ( t , U , U x , U xxx ). Some new and more general formal solutions for Eq. (1.1) are constructed, which include the nontravelling wave and coefficient function’s stochastic soliton-like solutions, singular stochastic soliton-like solutions, stochastic triangular functions solutions, at the same time, the results in [7] are recovered. By choosing the special functions in the new and more general formal solution obtained, we would find some very interesting special solutions, for instance, from solution (3.26) , soliton-like soliton solutions, snake-like soliton solutions, boomerage-like soliton solutions are fund, and their scenario and their interaction scenario are shown by the figures. Acknowledgments We would express our sincere thanks for Prof. Wadati for his valuable suggestion and kind help. The work was supported by the National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China (no. 19925522). References [1] M. Wadati J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 52 1983 2642 [2] M. Wadati J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 59 1990 4201 [3] M. Wadati Y. Akutsu J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 53 1984 3342 [4] A. de Bouard A. Debussche J. Funct. Anal. 154 1998 215 [5] A. de Bouard A. Debussche Physica D 134 1999 200 [6] A. de Bouard A. Debussche J. Funct. Anal. 169 1999 532 [7] H. Holden B. Øksendal Ubøe T. Zhang Stochastic partial differential equations: a modeling, white noise functional approach Birhkäuser 1996 [8] Y.C. Xie Phys. Lett. A 310 2003 161 [9] E. Fan Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 15 2003 559 566 [10] E. Fan Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 16 2003 819 839 [11] E. Fan Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 19 2004 1141 1146 [12] Y. Chen Q. Wang B. Li Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 22 2004 675 682 [13] Chen Y, Wang Q, J Mod Phys C, in press [14] Chen Y, Wang Q, Commun Theor Phys, in press [15] Yomba. Emmanuel Chaos Solitons & Fractals 20 2003 1135 [16] Y. Chen Y. Zheng Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 14 5 2003 601 611 [17] Y. Chen X.D. Zheng B. Li H.Q. Zhang Appl. Math. Comput. 149 2004 277 298 [18] X.D. Zheng Y. Chen H.Q. Zhang Phys. Lett. A 311 2003 145 157 [19] K. Chandrasekharan Elliptic function 1978 Springer Berlin [20] Du.Val. Patrick Elliptic function and elliptic curves 1973 University Press Cambridge",
        "keywords": [
            "symbolic computation",
            "kdv equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "42BU4cGd": {
        "id": "42BU4cGd",
        "title": "A new general algebraic method with symbolic computation to construct new travelling wave solution for the (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "With the aid of symbolic computation, a new algebraic method, named Riccati equation rational expansion (RERE) method, is devised for constructing multiple travelling wave solutions for nonlinear evolution equations (NEEs). Compared with most existing tanh methods for finding travelling wave solutions, the proposed method not only recover the results by most known algebraic methods, but also provides new and more general solutions. With the aid of symbolic computation, we choose (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation (DLWE) to illustrate our method. As a result, we obtain many types of solutions including rational form solitary wave solutions, triangular periodic wave solutions and rational wave solutions. The properties of the new solitary wave solutions are shown by some figures.",
        "keywords": [
            "new general algebraic method",
            "existing tanh method",
            "algebraic method",
            "rational wave solution",
            "symbolic computation",
            "triangular periodic wave solution",
            "dimensional dispersive long wave",
            "multiple travelling wave solution",
            "solitary wave solution",
            "travelling wave solution",
            "new solitary wave solution",
            "new travelling wave solution",
            "1 dimensional",
            "riccati equation",
            "wave equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China and Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China and M.M. Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, B ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "M.M. Key Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China and Department of Applied Mathematics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics and Computation",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "Lp6ijtFI": {
        "id": "Lp6ijtFI",
        "title": "Exact analytical solutions to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation model",
        "abstract": "A method is developed for constructing a series of exact analytical solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation model (NLSE) with varying dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain or absorption. With the help of symbolic computation, a broad class of analytical solutions of NLSE are obtained. From our results, many previous known results of NLSE obtained by some authors can be recovered by means of some suitable selections of the arbitrary functions and arbitrary constants. Further, the formation, interaction and stability of solitons have been investigated.",
        "keywords": [
            "arbitrary constant",
            "symbolic computation",
            "dinger equation model",
            "arbitrary function",
            "analytical solution",
            "suitable selection",
            "exact analytical solution",
            "nonlinear schr",
            "previous known result",
            "broad class",
            "nonlinear schrodinger equation",
            "analytic solution",
            "soliton"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo University, Ningbo, China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ningbo University, Ningbo, China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISSAC",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "22038BfZ": {
        "id": "22038BfZ",
        "title": "Nonlocal Symmetries and Exact Solutions for PIB Equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qian miao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "I4UtoJUu": {
        "id": "I4UtoJUu",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetries and explicit solutions of the Boussinesq equation",
        "abstract": "The nonlocal symmetry of the Boussinesq equation is obtained from the known Lax pair. The explicit analytic interaction solutions between solitary waves and cnoidal waves are obtained through the localization procedure of nonlocal symmetry. Some other types of solutions, such as rational solutions and error function solutions, are given by using the fourth Painlevé equation with special values of the parameters. For some interesting solutions, the figures are given out to show their properties.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nonlocal symmetry",
            " Lax pair",
            " Prolonged system",
            " Explicit solution",
            " 22E05",
            " 34A05",
            " 34A34"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "junchao chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Annals of Mathematics, Series B",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "2q6Zmmqq": {
        "id": "2q6Zmmqq",
        "title": "A symmetry-preserving difference scheme for high dimensional nonlinear evolution equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yunhu wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "F6IrDVpE": {
        "id": "F6IrDVpE",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetry, optimal systems, and explicit solutions of the mKdV equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qian miao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "nbF6AP2j": {
        "id": "nbF6AP2j",
        "title": "A systemic method to construct the high order nonlocal symmetries",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "M5OQEZap": {
        "id": "M5OQEZap",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetries of the Hirota-Satsuma coupled Korteweg-de Vries system and their applications: Exact interaction solutions and integrable hierarchy",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "interactions",
            "symmetry",
            "solitons",
            "transformations"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "junchao chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Mathematical Physics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "VQ5BZ9gZ": {
        "id": "VQ5BZ9gZ",
        "title": "A Method to Construct the Nonlocal Symmetries of Nonlinear Evolution Equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "isP2kMJM": {
        "id": "isP2kMJM",
        "title": "Rogue wave solutions of AB system",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "rogue wave"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqi li",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "fei huang",
                "org": "Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "NAZrJ4zL": {
        "id": "NAZrJ4zL",
        "title": "Symmetries and conservation laws of one Blaszak—Marciniak four-field lattice equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhongzhou dong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "WMCobHk9": {
        "id": "WMCobHk9",
        "title": "Rogue-wave pair and dark-bright-rogue wave solutions of the coupled Hirota equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "QMtnP9W5": {
        "id": "QMtnP9W5",
        "title": "Higher-order rogue wave solutions of the Kundu–Eckhaus equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "bo yang",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yunqing yang",
                "org": "zhejiang ocean university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica Scripta",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "iI4uKfTu": {
        "id": "iI4uKfTu",
        "title": "Generalized Darboux transformation and higher-order rogue wave solutions of the coupled Hirota equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "3lJ0nTU8": {
        "id": "3lJ0nTU8",
        "title": "High-order rogue wave solutions in coupled Hirota equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "PRX62oa7": {
        "id": "PRX62oa7",
        "title": "Modulation instability and controllable rogue waves with multiple compression points for periodically modulated coupled Hirota equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "SHMms9v2": {
        "id": "SHMms9v2",
        "title": "Higher-Order Localized Waves in Coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bo yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yunqing yang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "Oj1PCSLf": {
        "id": "Oj1PCSLf",
        "title": "Generalized Darboux transformation and localized waves in coupled Hirota equations",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we construct a generalized Darboux transformation to the coupled Hirota equations with high-order nonlinear effects like the third dispersion, self-steepening and inelastic Raman scattering terms. As application, an Nth-order localized wave solution on the plane backgrounds with the same spectral parameter is derived through the direct iterative rule. In particular, some semi-rational, multi-parametric localized wave solutions are obtained: (1) vector generalization of the first- and the second-order rogue wave solutions; (2) interactional solutions between a dark–bright soliton and a rogue wave, two dark–bright solitons and a second-order rogue wave; (3) interactional solutions between a breather and a rogue wave, two breathers and a second-order rogue wave. The results further reveal the striking dynamic structures of localized waves in complex coupled systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "Generalized Darboux transformation",
            "Localized wave",
            "Rogue wave",
            "Breather",
            "Coupled Hirota equations"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqi li",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wave Motion",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "NVohgnHD": {
        "id": "NVohgnHD",
        "title": "Higher-order rogue wave solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction equation via the generalized Darboux transformation",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we utilize generalized Darboux transformation to study higher-order rogue wave solutions of the three-wave resonant interaction equation, which describes the propagation and mixing of waves with different frequencies in weakly nonlinear dispersive media. A general Nth-order rogue wave solution with two characteristic velocities structural parameters and 3N independent parameters under a determined plane-wave background and a specific parameter condition is derived. As an application, we show that four fundamental rogue waves with fundamental, two kinds of line and quadrilateral patterns, or six fundamental rogue waves with fundamental, triangular, two kinds of quadrilateral and circular patterns can emerge in the second-order rogue waves. Moreover, several important wave characteristics including the maximum values, the corresponding coordinate positions of the humps, and the stability problem for some special higher-order rogue wave solutions such as the fundamental and quadrilateral cases are discussed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062,  People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianli Cao",
                "org": "College of Science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062,  People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica Scripta",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "aUg0zUdr": {
        "id": "aUg0zUdr",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetries and negative hierarchies related to bilinear B?cklund transformation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hu xiaorui",
                "org": "zhejiang university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "zA0bNyMN": {
        "id": "zA0bNyMN",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetry and similarity reductions for the Drinfeld-Sokolov-Satsuma-Hirota system.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The nonlocal symmetry of the Drinfeld–Sokolov–Satsuma–Hirota system is obtained from the known Lax pair, and infinitely many nonlocal symmetries are given by introducing the internal parameters. Then the nonlocal symmetry is localized to a prolonged system by introducing suitable auxiliary dependent variables. By applying the classical Lie symmetry method to this prolonged system, two main results are obtained: a new type of finite symmetry transformation is derived, which can generate new solutions from old ones; some exact interaction solutions among solitons and other complicated waves including periodic cnoidal wave and Painleve waves are derived through similarity reductions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lili Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Appl. Math. Lett.",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "TiasByKr": {
        "id": "TiasByKr",
        "title": "Reductions of Darboux transformations for the PT-symmetric nonlocal Davey-Stewartson equations.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In this letter, a study of the reductions of the Darboux transformations (DTs) for the    PT   -symmetric nonlocal Davey–Stewartson (DS) equations is presented. Firstly, a binary DT is constructed in integral form for the    PT   -symmetric nonlocal DS-I equation. Secondly, an elementary DT is constructed in differential form for the    PT   -symmetric nonlocal DS-II equation. Afterwards, a new binary DT in integral form is also found for the nonlocal DS-II equation. Moreover, it is shown that the symmetry properties in the corresponding Lax-pairs of the equations are well preserved through these DTs. Thirdly, based on above DTs, the fundamental rogue waves and rational travelling waves are obtained.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Appl. Math. Lett.",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "vAERgGlr": {
        "id": "vAERgGlr",
        "title": "High-order soliton matrices for Sasa–Satsuma equation via local Riemann–Hilbert problem",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A study of high-order soliton matrices for Sasa–Satsuma equation in the framework of the Riemann–Hilbert problem approach is presented. Through a standard dressing procedure, soliton matrices for simple zeros and elementary high-order zeros in the Riemann–Hilbert problem for Sasa–Satsuma equation are constructed, respectively. It is noted that pairs of zeros are simultaneously tackled in the situation of the high-order zeros, which is different from other NLS-type equation. Furthermore, the generalized Darboux transformation for Sasa–Satsuma equation is also presented. Moreover, collision dynamics along with the asymptotic behavior for the two-solitons are analyzed, and long time asymptotic estimations for the high-order one-soliton are concretely calculated. In this case, two double-humped solitons with nearly equal velocities and amplitudes can be observed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Analysis-real World Applications",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "YCtoPyO7": {
        "id": "YCtoPyO7",
        "title": "The integrability of an extended fifth-order KdV equation with Riccati-type pseudopotential",
        "abstract": "The extended fifth-order KdV equation in fluids is investigated in this paper. Based on the concept of pseudopotential, a direct and unifying Riccati-type pseudopotential approach is employed to achieve Lax pair and singularity manifold equation of this equation. Moreover, this equation is classified into three categories: extended Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Sawada–Kotera (CDGSK) equation, extended Lax equation and extended Kaup–Kuperschmidt (KK) equation. The corresponding singularity manifold equations and auto-Bäcklund transformations of these three equations are also obtained. Furthermore, the infinitely many conservation laws of the extended Lax equation are found using its Lax pair. All conserved densities and fluxes are given with explicit recursion formulas.",
        "keywords": [
            "schwarzian derivative",
            "lax pair"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yunhu wang",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pramana",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "jF8oGu2w": {
        "id": "jF8oGu2w",
        "title": "Bell polynomials approach for two higher-order KdV-type equations in fluids",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The present paper investigates the higher-order Sawada–Kotera-type equation and the higher-order Lax-type equation in fluids. The Bell polynomials approach is employed to directly bilinearize the two equations. For the Lax-type equation, bilinear Backlund transformation, Lax pair, Darboux covariant Lax pair and infinitely many conservation laws are obtained by means of binary Bell polynomials. Moreover, based on its bilinear form,    N   -soliton solutions are also obtained. For the Sawada–Kotera-type equation, with the help of the Riemann theta function and Hirota bilinear method, its one periodic wave solution is obtained. A limiting procedure is presented to analyze in detail the relations between the one periodic wave solution and one soliton solution.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yunhu Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunhu Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Analysis-real World Applications",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "edLaMxCF": {
        "id": "edLaMxCF",
        "title": "Dynamics of high-order solitons in the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations",
        "abstract": "A study of high-order solitons in three nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations is presented. These include the \\(\\mathcal {PT}\\)-symmetric, reverse-time, and reverse-space-time nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations. General high-order solitons in three different equations are derived from the same Riemann–Hilbert solutions of the AKNS hierarchy, except for the difference in the corresponding symmetry relations on the “perturbed” scattering data. Dynamics of general high-order solitons in these equations is further analyzed. It is shown that the high-order fundamental-soliton is moving on several different trajectories in nearly equal velocities, and they can be nonsingular or repeatedly collapsing, depending on the choices of the parameters. It is also shown that the high-order multi-solitons could have more complicated wave structures and behave very differently from high-order fundamental-solitons. More interestingly, via the combinations of different size of block matrix in the Riemann–Hilbert solutions, high-order hybrid-pattern solitons are found, which describe the nonlinear interaction between several types of solitons.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations",
            " High-order soliton",
            " Riemann–Hilbert method"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing,East China Normal University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing,East China Normal University,Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Dynamics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "SOf5MMzP": {
        "id": "SOf5MMzP",
        "title": "Several reverse-time integrable nonlocal nonlinear equations: Rogue-wave solutions.",
        "abstract": "A study of rogue-wave solutions in the reverse-time nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) and nonlocal Davey-Stewartson (DS) equations is presented. By using Darboux transformation (DT) method, several types of rogue-wave solutions are constructed. Dynamics of these rogue-wave solutions are further explored. It is shown that the (1 + 1)-dimensional fundamental rogue-wave solutions in the reverse-time NLS equation can be globally bounded or have finite-time blowing-ups. It is also shown that the (2 + 1)-dimensional line rogue waves in the reverse-time nonlocal DS equations can be bounded for all space and time or develop singularities in critical time. In addition, the multi- and higher-order rogue waves exhibit richer structures, most of which have no counterparts in the corresponding local nonlinear equations.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "o38Ap4l9": {
        "id": "o38Ap4l9",
        "title": "Nonlocal Symmetry, CRE Solvability and Exact Interaction Solutions of the Asymmetric Nizhnik–Novikov–Veselov System",
        "abstract": "Applying the truncated Painleve expansion to the (2+1)-dimensional asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov (ANNV) system, some Backlund transformations (BTs) including auto BT and non-auto BT are obtained. The auto BT leads to a nonlocal symmetry which corresponds to the residual of the truncated Painleve expansion and the related nonlocal symmetry group is presented with the help of the localization procedure. Further, it is shown that the ANNV system has a consistent Riccati expansion (CRE). Stemming from the consistent tan-function expansion (CTE), which is a special form of CRE, some complex interaction solutions between soliton and arbitrary other seed waves of the ANNV system are readily constructed, such as bight-dark soliton solution, dark-dark soliton solution, soliton-cnoidal interaction solutions, solitoff solutions and so on.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaorui Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "OvDZ0hJg": {
        "id": "OvDZ0hJg",
        "title": "Symmetry Reduction and Exact Solutions of a Hyperbolic Monge-Ampère Equation",
        "abstract": "By means of the classical symmetry method,a hyperbolic Monge-Ampère equation is investigated.The symmetry group is studied and its corresponding group invariant solutions are constructed.Based on the associated vector of the obtained symmetry,the authors construct the group-invariant optimal system of the hyperbolic Monge-Ampère equation,from which two interesting classes of solutions to the hyperbolic Monge-Ampère equation are obtained successfully.",
        "keywords": [
            "monge-ampère equation",
            "exact solutions",
            "symmetry reduction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhongzhou dong",
                "org": "School of Mathematics and Information Science,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo,Henan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "dexing kong",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zenggui wang",
                "org": "liaocheng university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "数学年刊B辑(英文版)",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "bLzn4oOt": {
        "id": "bLzn4oOt",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetries related to B\\\"acklund transformation and their applications",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "lax pair"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s y lou",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaorui hu",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physics A",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "HGSjUpKn": {
        "id": "HGSjUpKn",
        "title": "Chaoticons described by nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation",
        "abstract": "A Nature Research Journal",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lanhua Zhong",
                "org": "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiyi Hong",
                "org": "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Hu",
                "org": "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Guo",
                "org": "Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lanhua Zhong",
                "org": "Physical Science and Technology School, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuqi Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific Reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "s20mTs4C": {
        "id": "s20mTs4C",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetry and similarity reductions for a -dimensional Korteweg–de Vries equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the Lax pair, the nonlocal symmetries to -dimensional Korteweg–de Vries equation are investigated, which are also constructed by the truncated Painlevé expansion method. Through introducing some internal spectrum parameters, infinitely many nonlocal symmetries are given. By choosing four suitable auxiliary variables, nonlocal symmetries are localized to a closed prolonged system. Via solving the initial-value problems, the finite symmetry transformations are obtained to generate new solutions. Moreover, rich explicit interaction solutions are presented by similarity reductions. In particular, bright soliton, dark soliton, bell-typed soliton and soliton interacting with elliptic solutions are found. Through computer numerical simulation, the dynamical phenomena of these interaction solutions are displayed in graphical way, which show meaningful structures.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nonlocal symmetry",
            "(2 + 1)-dimensional Korteweg–de Vries equation",
            "Similarity reduction",
            "Interaction solutions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lili Huang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing,East China Normal University,Shanghai,ChinaMOE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software,East China Normal University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing,East China Normal University,Shanghai,ChinaMOE International Joint Lab of Trustworthy Software,East China Normal University,Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Dynamics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "9TuR2PQd": {
        "id": "9TuR2PQd",
        "title": "Nonlocal Symmetry and Interaction Solutions of a Generalized Kadomtsev—Petviashvili Equation*",
        "abstract": "A generalized Kadomtsev—Petviashvili equation is studied by nonlocal symmetry method and consistent Riccati expansion (CRE) method in this paper. Applying the truncated Painleve analysis to the generalized Kadomtsev—Petviashvili equation, some Backlund transformations (BTs) including auto-BT and non-auto-BT are obtained. The auto-BT leads to a nonlocal symmetry which corresponds to the residual of the truncated Painleve expansion. Then the nonlocal symmetry is localized to the corresponding nonlocal group by introducing two new variables. Further, by applying the Lie point symmetry method to the prolonged system, a new type of finite symmetry transformation is derived. In addition, the generalized Kadomtsev—Petviashvili equation is proved consistent Riccati expansion (CRE) solvable. As a result, the soliton-cnoidal wave interaction solutions of the equation are explicitly given, which are difficult to be found by other traditional methods. Moreover, figures are given out to show the properties of the explicit analytic interaction solutions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li-Li Huang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheng-Yi Ma",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "EVXXRofk": {
        "id": "EVXXRofk",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetry and similarity reductions for a (varvec{(2+1)})-dimensional Korteweg–de Vries equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the Lax pair, the nonlocal symmetries to ((2+1))-dimensional Korteweg–de Vries equation are investigated, which are also constructed by the truncated Painleve expansion method. Through introducing some internal spectrum parameters, infinitely many nonlocal symmetries are given. By choosing four suitable auxiliary variables, nonlocal symmetries are localized to a closed prolonged system. Via solving the initial-value problems, the finite symmetry transformations are obtained to generate new solutions. Moreover, rich explicit interaction solutions are presented by similarity reductions. In particular, bright soliton, dark soliton, bell-typed soliton and soliton interacting with elliptic solutions are found. Through computer numerical simulation, the dynamical phenomena of these interaction solutions are displayed in graphical way, which show meaningful structures.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lili Huang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Dynamics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "FKdDtK4N": {
        "id": "FKdDtK4N",
        "title": "Localised Nonlinear Waves in the Three-Component Coupled Hirota Equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "AIWHSCVl": {
        "id": "AIWHSCVl",
        "title": "Darboux transformation of nonisospectral coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equation and its multi-component generalization",
        "abstract": "We extend one component Gross-Pitaevskii equation to two component coupled case with the damping term, linear and parabolic density profiles, then give the Lax pair and infinitely-many conservations laws of this coupled system. The system is nonautonomous, that is, it admits a nonisospectral linear eigenvalue problem. In fact, the Darboux transformation for this kind of inhomogeneous system which is essentially different from the isospectral case, we reconstruct the Darboux transformation for this coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Multi nonautonomous solitons, one breather and the first-order rogue wave are also obtained by the Darboux transformation. When $beta u003e0$, the amplitudes and velocities of solitons decay exponentially as $t$ increases, otherwise, they increase exponentially as $t$ increases. Meanwhile, the real part $Re(xi_j)$u0027s~$(j=1,2,3,dots)$ of new spectral parameters determine the direction of solitionsu0027 propagation and $alpha$ affects the localization of solitons. Choosing $Re(xi_1)=Re(xi_2)$, the two-soliton bound state is obtained. From nonzero background seed solutions, we construct one nonautonomous breather on curved background and find that this breather has some deformations along the direction of $t$ due to the exponential decaying term. Besides, $beta$ determines the degree of this curved background, if we set $betau003e0$, the amplitude of the breather becomes small till being zero as $t$ increases. Through taking appropriate limit about the breather, the first-order rogue wave can be acquired. Finally, we give multi-component generalization of Gross-Pitaevskii equation and its Lax pair with nonisospectral parameter, meanwhile, Darboux transformation about this multi-component generalization is also constructed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "arXiv: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "nBo76Iu1": {
        "id": "nBo76Iu1",
        "title": "Localized waves in three-component coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation*",
        "abstract": "We study the generalized Darboux transformation to the three-component coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation. First- and second-order localized waves are obtained by this technique. In first-order localized wave, we get the interactional solutions between first-order rogue wave and one-dark, one-bright soliton respectively. Meanwhile, the interactional solutions between one-breather and first-order rogue wave are also given. In second-order localized wave, one-dark-one-bright soliton together with second-order rogue wave is presented in the first component, and two-bright soliton together with second-order rogue wave are gained respectively in the other two components. Besides, we observe second-order rogue wave together with one-breather in three components. Moreover, by increasing the absolute values of two free parameters, the nonlinear waves merge with each other distinctly. These results further reveal the interesting dynamic structures of localized waves in the three-component coupled system.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "TLfCBv90": {
        "id": "TLfCBv90",
        "title": "Localized nonlinear waves of the three-component coupled Hirota equation by the generalized Darboux transformation",
        "abstract": "In this paper, We extend the two-component coupled Hirota equation to the three-component one, and reconstruct the Lax pair with $4times4$ matrixes of this three-component coupled system including higher-order effects such as third-order dispersion, self-steepening and delayed nonlinear response. Combining the generalized Darboux transformation and a specific vector solution of this $4times4$ matrix spectral problem, we study higher-order localized nonlinear waves in this three-component coupled system. Then, the semi-rational and multi-parametric solutions of this system are derived in our paper. Owing to these more free parameters in the interactional solutions than those in single- and two-component Hirota equation, this three-component coupled system has more abundant and fascinating localized nonlinear wave solutions structures. Besides, in the first- and second-order localized waves, we get a variety of new and appealing combinations among these three components $q_1, q_2$ and $q_3$. Instead of considering various arrangements of the three potential functions, we consider the same combination as the same type solution. Moreover, the phenomenon that these nonlinear localized waves merge with each other observably, may appears by increasing the absolute values of two free parameters $alpha, beta$. These results further uncover some striking dynamic structures in multi-component coupled system.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "arXiv: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Xq02GN06": {
        "id": "Xq02GN06",
        "title": "Darboux transformation of the coupled nonisospectral Gross–Pitaevskii system and its multi-component generalization",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In this paper, we extend the one-component Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation to the two-component coupled GP system including damping term, linear and parabolic density profiles. The Lax pair with nonisospectral parameter and infinitely-many conservation laws of this coupled GP system are presented. Actually, the Darboux transformation (DT) for this kind of nonautonomous system is essentially different from the autonomous case. Consequently, we construct the DT of the coupled GP equations, besides, nonautonomous multi-solitons, one-breather and the first-order rogue wave are also obtained. Various kinds of one-soliton solution are constructed, which include stationary one-soliton and nonautonomous one-soliton propagating along the negative (positive) direction of  x -axis. The interaction of two solitons and two-soliton bound state are demonstrated respectively. We get the nonautonomous one-breather on a curved background and this background is completely controlled by the parameter  β . Using a limiting process, the nonautonomous first-order rogue wave can be obtained. Furthermore, some dynamic structures of these analytical solutions are discussed in detail. In addition, the multi-component generalization of GP equations are given, then the corresponding Lax pair and DT are also constructed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Xu",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "BEWGzNI3": {
        "id": "BEWGzNI3",
        "title": "Localized waves of the coupled cubic–quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in nonlinear optics*",
        "abstract": "We investigate some novel localized waves on the plane wave background in the coupled cubic–quintic nonlinear Schrodinger (CCQNLS) equations through the generalized Darboux transformation (DT). A special vector solution of the Lax pair of the CCQNLS system is elaborately constructed, based on the vector solution, various types of higherorder localized wave solutions of the CCQNLS system are constructed via the generalized DT. These abundant and novel localized waves constructed in the CCQNLS system include higher-order rogue waves, higher-order rogues interacting with multi-soliton or multi-breather separately. The first- and second-order semi-rational localized waves including several free parameters are mainly discussed: (i) the semi-rational solutions degenerate to the first- and second-order vector rogue wave solutions; (ii) hybrid solutions between a first-order rogue wave and a dark or bright soliton, a second-order rogue wave and two dark or bright solitons; (iii) hybrid solutions between a first-order rogue wave and a breather, a second-order rogue wave and two breathers. Some interesting and appealing dynamic properties of these types of localized waves are demonstrated, for example, these nonlinear waves merge with each other markedly by increasing the absolute value of α. These results further uncover some striking dynamic structures in the CCQNLS system.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Xu",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ji Lin",
                "org": "Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "9pxkvRIm": {
        "id": "9pxkvRIm",
        "title": "Higher-Order Rogue Wave Pairs in the Coupled Cubic-Quintic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wai-Hong Chan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "tPpSUsHo": {
        "id": "tPpSUsHo",
        "title": "Auto-Bäcklund transformation and exact solutions for compound KdV-type and compound KdV–Burgers-type equations with nonlinear terms of any order",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "bäcklund transformation",
            "compound kdv-burgers-type equation",
            "compound kdv-type equation",
            "hb method",
            "mathematica",
            "solitary-wave solution",
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongqing zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physics Letters A",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "sqPkmZ2O": {
        "id": "sqPkmZ2O",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetry constraints and exact interaction solutions of the (2+1) dimensional modified generalized long dispersive wave equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "localization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "junchao chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "EHvg8vrb": {
        "id": "EHvg8vrb",
        "title": "An Integrable Discrete Generalized Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation and Its Reductions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqi li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongmin li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "OQKS0iDa": {
        "id": "OQKS0iDa",
        "title": "Non-local symmetries of the Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV system and their applications",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "junchao chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "xHOjKkyc": {
        "id": "xHOjKkyc",
        "title": "The special class of second integrals of the KdV equation",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The special class of second integrals, distinguished for its infinite dimension, emerges naturally when generalizing the second integrals of ordinary differential equations to partial differential equations. The conserved quantities of the KdV equation are a special class of second integrals. We proved its uniqueness under the assumption on the cofactor operator. The special class is so peculiar that to find it is almost an algorithm. Thus we managed to generalize the special class of the conserved quantities of the KdV equation to a new 2-parameter special class. Among the special classes, the special class of nonlocal second integrals plays an extra role. As an example, the special class that generates the multi-soliton solutions of the KdV equation is presented.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "YuQi Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "M04rbaSp": {
        "id": "M04rbaSp",
        "title": "Symmetry Analysis and Conservation Laws to the (2+1)-Dimensional Coupled Nonlinear Extension of the Reaction-Diffusion Equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junchao chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "P5aRRQcY": {
        "id": "P5aRRQcY",
        "title": "Получение точных решений семейства уравнений “reaction - duffing” с переменными коэффициентами с помощью преобразования Беклунда@@@Exact Solutions for a Family of Variable-Coefficient “Reaction - Duffing” Equations via the Bäcklund Transformation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "женя ян",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenya yan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "гончинь джань",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongqing zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ион чен",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "US8IuqKZ": {
        "id": "US8IuqKZ",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetry and exact solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff equation*",
        "abstract": "In this paper, the truncated Painleve analysis, nonlocal symmetry, Backlund transformation of the (2+1)-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff equation are presented. Then the nonlocal symmetry is localized to the corresponding nonlocal group by the prolonged system. In addition, the (2+1)-dimensional modified Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff is proved consistent Riccati expansion (CRE) solvable. As a result, the soliton–cnoidal wave interaction solutions of the equation are explicitly given, which are difficult to find by other traditional methods. Moreover figures are given out to show the properties of the explicit analytic interaction solutions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li-Li Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "vrNXDIAR": {
        "id": "vrNXDIAR",
        "title": "The Using of Conservation Laws in Symmetry-Preserving Difference Scheme",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangpeng xin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "PgHEu7T6": {
        "id": "PgHEu7T6",
        "title": "Novel exact solutions of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with time—space modulation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junchao chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "cxJ1bdbC": {
        "id": "cxJ1bdbC",
        "title": "A direct procedure on the integrability of nonisospectral and variable-coefficient MKdV equation",
        "abstract": "An elementary and systematic method based on binary Bell polynomials is applied to nonisospectral and variable-coefficient MKdV (vcMKdV) equation. The bilinear representation, bilinear Bäcklund transformation, Lax pair and infinite local conservation laws are obtained step by step, without too much clever guesswork. © X. Hu and Y. Chen.",
        "keywords": [
            "bilinear bäcklund transformation",
            "binary bell polynomials",
            "infinite conservation law",
            "nonisospectral mkdv equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XiaoRui Hu",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "qE9qhotY": {
        "id": "qE9qhotY",
        "title": "One-Dimensional Optimal System and Similarity Reductions of Wu—Zhang Equation*",
        "abstract": "The one-dimensional optimal system for the Lie symmetry group of the (2+1)-dimensional Wu—Zhang equation is constructed by the general and systematic approach. Based on the optimal system, the complete and inequivalent symmetry reduction systems are presented in the form of table. It is noteworthy that a new Painleve integrable equation with constant coefficient is in the table besides the classic Boussinesq equation and the steady case of the Wu-Zhang equation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Na Xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu-Qi Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Chao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "PDlbulLc": {
        "id": "PDlbulLc",
        "title": "EXACT SOLUTIONS FOR A FAMILY OF VARIABLE-COEFFICIENT \"REACTION-DUFFING\" EQUATIONS VIA THE B ¨ ACKLUND TRANSFORMATION",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "exact solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenya yan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongqing zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Theoretical and Mathematical Physics",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "bUJCpUCE": {
        "id": "bUJCpUCE",
        "title": "Bilinear Bäcklund transformation, Lax pair and multi-soliton solution for a vector Ramani equation",
        "abstract": "In this paper, a vector Ramani equation is proposed by using the bilinear approach. With the help of the bilinear exchange formulae, bilinear Backlund transformation and the corresponding Lax pair for the vector Ramani equation are derived. Besides, multi-soliton solution expressed by pfaffian is given and proved by pfaffian techniques.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junchao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bao-Feng Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Modern Physics Letters B",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "pFfVeHDG": {
        "id": "pFfVeHDG",
        "title": "Nonlocal symmetry and exact solutions of the (2+1)- dimensional breaking soliton equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wenguang cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "50HSLQ87": {
        "id": "50HSLQ87",
        "title": "The construction of two-dimensional optimal systems for the invariant solutions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaorui hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqi li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "mzEPTXje": {
        "id": "mzEPTXje",
        "title": "A direct algorithm of one-dimensional optimal system for the group invariant solutions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaorui hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqi li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Mathematical Physics",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "aAbzqtN1": {
        "id": "aAbzqtN1",
        "title": "Bi-Hamiltonian Structure of Multi-Component Yajima-Oikawa Hierarchy",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hongmin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuqi Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "RsuKEv6T": {
        "id": "RsuKEv6T",
        "title": "Lump Solutions and Interaction Phenomenon for (2+1)-Dimensional Sawada–Kotera Equation*",
        "abstract": "In this paper, a class of lump solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation is studied by searching for positive quadratic function solutions to the associated bilinear equation. To guarantee rational localization and analyticity of the lumps, some sufficient and necessary conditions are presented on the parameters involved in the solutions. Then, a completely non-elastic interaction between a lump and a stripe of the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation is obtained, which shows a lump solution is drowned or swallowed by a stripe soliton. Finally, 2-dimensional curves, 3-dimensional plots and density plots with particular choices of the involved parameters are presented to show the dynamic characteristics of the obtained lump and interaction solutions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li-Li Huang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "H0wx0hLs": {
        "id": "H0wx0hLs",
        "title": "GENERAL: Kac-Moody-Virasoro Symmetry Algebra of (2+1)-Dimensional Dispersive Long-Wave Equation with Arbitrary Order Invariant",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "direct method",
            "symmetry group",
            "wave equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huanping zhang",
                "org": "ningbo university"
            },
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": "ningbo university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "y92UOblb": {
        "id": "y92UOblb",
        "title": "GENERAL Pseudopotentials, Lax Pairs and Bäcklund Transformations for Generalized Fifth-Order KdV Equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "lax pair",
            "kdv equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yunqing yang",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "east china normal university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Zm4k22zd": {
        "id": "Zm4k22zd",
        "title": "ONEOptimal: A Maple Package for Generating One-Dimensional Optimal System of Finite Dimensional Lie Algebra",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaorui hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qian miao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "2ZSwU9JJ": {
        "id": "2ZSwU9JJ",
        "title": "Classification of Dark Modified KdV Equation",
        "abstract": "The dark Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) systems are defined and classified by Kupershmidt sixteen years ago. However, there is no other classifications for other kinds of nonlinear systems. In this paper, a complete scalar classification for dark modified KdV (MKdV) systems is obtained by requiring the existence of higher order differential polynomial symmetries. Different to the nine classes of the dark KdV case, there exist twelve independent classes of the dark MKdV equations. Furthermore, for the every class of dark MKdV system, there is a free parameter. Only for a fixed parameter, the dark MKdV can be related to dark KdV via suitable Miura transformation. The recursion operators of two classes of dark MKdV systems are also given.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Na Xiong",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sen-Yue Lou",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sen-Yue Lou",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Ningbo Collabrative Innovation Center of Nonlinear Harzard System of Ocean and Atmosphere, and Faculty of Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "U5oMs8xC": {
        "id": "U5oMs8xC",
        "title": "Bi-Hamiltonian structure of multi-component Novikov equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hongmin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqi li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "lPCqqaKl": {
        "id": "lPCqqaKl",
        "title": "A Truncated Painlevé Expansion and Exact Analytical Solutions for the Nonlinear Schr¨Odinger Equation with Variable Coefficients",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "sCS9h7TW": {
        "id": "sCS9h7TW",
        "title": "Exact Solutions to the Two-Dimensional Spatially Inhomogeneous Cubic-Quintic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with an External Potential",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaofei zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junchao chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "9p8xw7vC": {
        "id": "9p8xw7vC",
        "title": "Constructing two-dimensional optimal system of the group invariant solutions",
        "abstract": "To search for inequivalent group invariant solutions of two-dimensional optimal system, a direct and systematic approach is established, which is based on commutator relations, adjoint matrix, and the invariants. The details of computing all the invariants for two-dimensional algebra are presented, which is shown more complex than that of one-dimensional algebra. The optimality of two-dimensional optimal systems is shown clearly for each step of the algorithm, with no further proof. To leave the algorithm clear, each stage is illustrated with a couple of examples: the heat equation and the Novikov equation. Finally, two-dimensional optimal system of the (2+1)-dimensional Navier-Stokes (NS) equation is found and used to generate intrinsically different reduced ordinary differential equations. Some interesting explicit solutions of the NS equation are provided.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaorui Hu",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuqi Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Mathematical Physics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "3ovHoYO8": {
        "id": "3ovHoYO8",
        "title": "Darboux Transformations and N -soliton Solutions of Two (2+1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Equations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Theoretical Physics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "HRLmAXXr": {
        "id": "HRLmAXXr",
        "title": "A new integrable discrete generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation and its reductions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hongmin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqi li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "daiHXOSD": {
        "id": "daiHXOSD",
        "title": "Exact Complexiton Solutions of the (2+1)-Dimensional Burgers Equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qi wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "VOR5HZid": {
        "id": "VOR5HZid",
        "title": "GENERAL: Binary Darboux Transformation for the Modified Kadomtsev Petviashvili Equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaorui hu",
                "org": "ningbo university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "ningbo university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "cYy7pWq9": {
        "id": "cYy7pWq9",
        "title": "Extended Jacobi elliptic function method and its applications to (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long-wave equation",
        "abstract": "An extended Jacobi elliptic function method is proposed for constructing the exact double periodic solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in a unified way. It is shown that these solutions exactly degenerate to the many types of soliton solutions in a limited condition. The Wu-Zhang equation (which describes the (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave) is investigated by this means and more formal double periodic solutions are obtained. © 2004 Chin. Phys. Soc. and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "wave equation",
            "jacobi elliptic functions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "KbxRZvj6": {
        "id": "KbxRZvj6",
        "title": "Bell Polynomials Approach Applied to (2 + 1)-Dimensional Variable-Coefficient Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon-Kotera-Sawada Equation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wenguang cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Abstract and Applied Analysis",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "Pp85MDez": {
        "id": "Pp85MDez",
        "title": "Analysis of lncRNAs expression in UVB-induced stress responses of melanocytes.",
        "abstract": "Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have close relationships with oxidative stress, nutritional deficiency, DNA damage and other types of cellular stress responses. Previous studies have demonstrated that some non-coding RNAs in melanocytes such as microRNAs can change and contribute to the synthesis of melanin or the development of melanoma after stimulation with UV. However, as an important component of non-coding RNAs, it is unclear what changes occur in lncRNAs during UV-induced stress responses in melanocytes.To explore changes in the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in melanocytes following UVB-induced stress, and to explore if lncRNAs are involved in the synthesis of melanin.Primary melanocytes were irradiated by 20mJ/cm(2) UVB. The MTT method was used to detect cell proliferation. Quantitative real-time PCR was carried out to analyze expression of tyrosinase (TYR) and lncRNAs. Dopa colorimetry was performed to analyze TYR activity. The expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs were confirmed using an Agilent Human lncRNA 4×180K chip. Intracellular ROS levels were detected by flow cytometry. ROS scavenger (NAC) was employed to inhibit the ROS level. TYR mRNA expression and activity were re-analysed after transfecting of lnc-CD1D-2:1 siRNA and lnc-SGCG-5:4 siRNA in UVB-irradiated melanocytes to confirm the roles of the two lncRNAs in the synthesis of melanin. phospho-ERK, phospho-p38, and phospho-JNK expressions were detected by Western Blot.Cell proliferation of the 20mJ/cm(2) UVB-irradiated melanocytes decreased to 91% of that of the control cells. Twenty-four hours after irradiation with 20mJ/cm(2) UVB, TYR mRNA expression and activity of the irradiated cells were significantly increased relative to the control group. Chip detection data showed that after irradiation with 20mJ/cm(2) UVB, the expression of 807 lncRNAs and 69 stress response-related genes had changed by more than two-fold. Expression levels of Lnc-GKN2-1:1, lnc-CD1D-2:1, and lnc-SGCG-5:4 and ROS content were significantly increased after UVB irradiation. NAC reduced UVB-induced ROS generation and inhibited UVB-induced upregulation of lnc-GKN2-1:1 and lnc-CD1D-2:1. Lnc-CD1D-2:1 siRNA significantly suppressed the UVB-induced TYR mRNA expression and tyrosinase activation. Lnc-CD1D-2:1 siRNA inhibited UVB-induced p38 phosphorylation.LncRNAs in melanocytes undergo significant changes following irradiation with 20mJ/cm(2) UVB, suggestting that lncRNAs participate in the UVB-induced stress response. Some lncRNAs expression changes induced by UVB are dependent on ROS generation. ROS-mediated production of lnc-CD1D-2:1 may be involved in the melanogenesis induced by UVB.",
        "keywords": [
            "Melanin",
            "Melanocytes",
            "Melanoma",
            "UVB",
            "lncRNA"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qinghai Zeng",
                "org": "Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Xia",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jintian Tang",
                "org": "Institute of Medical Physics and Engineering, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Cheng",
                "org": "School of Pharmaceutical sciences of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410126, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihua Huang",
                "org": "Central Laboratory, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Xiang",
                "org": "Central Laboratory, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Cao",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianda Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of dermatological science",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "eMq1tjWc": {
        "id": "eMq1tjWc",
        "title": "APPLICATION OF THE WU-RITT DIFFERENTIAL ELIMINATION METHOD TO THE PAINLEVÉ TEST",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongqing zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fuding xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "gG9pLuP1": {
        "id": "gG9pLuP1",
        "title": "An algebraic method for constructing the solitary-wave solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Burgers equation",
        "abstract": "Considering that the subequation approach has been proved to be very useful to solve many systems, we present a more general algebraic method named Riccati equation rational expansion method to construct a series of the rational solitary-wave solutions, rational triangular periodic wave solutions and rational wave solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional Burgers equation. Compared with the most existing tanh methods and other sophisticated methods, the proposed method not only recovers some known solutions, but also finds some new and general solutions. The properties of more general solitary-wave solutions are shown by some figures. © Società Italians di Fisica.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Ningbo University(Ningbo University),Ningbo,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nuovo Cimento della Societa Italiana di Fisica B",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "Cp5cNaQX": {
        "id": "Cp5cNaQX",
        "title": "Multiple Riccati equations rational expansion method and complexiton solutions of the Whitham-Broer-Kaup equation [rapid communication]",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "riccati equation",
            "rational function"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "ningbo university"
            },
            {
                "name": "qi wang",
                "org": "dalian university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physics Letters A",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "3LTEfR17": {
        "id": "3LTEfR17",
        "title": "Generalized extended tanh-function method and its application to (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation",
        "abstract": "Making use of a new generalized ansatzes, we present the generalized extended tanh-function method for constructing the exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs) in a unified way. Applying the generalized method, with the aid of MAPLE, we consider the Wu-Zhang equation (which describes (1 + 1)-dimensional dispersive long wave). As a result, we can successfully obtain the solitary wave solutions that can be found by the extended tanh-function method and the modified extended tanh-function method. More importantly, for the equation, we also obtain other new and more general solutions at the same time. The results include kink-profile solitary wave solutions, bell-profile solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, rational solutions, singular solutions and other new formal solutions. As an illustrative sample, the properties of some soliton solutions for Wu-Zhang equation are shown by some figures. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Extended tanh-function method",
            "Nonlinear partial differential equation",
            "Solitary wave solutions",
            "Symbolic computation",
            "Wu-elimination",
            "Wu-Zhang equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XueDong Zheng",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "tL9jRIlh": {
        "id": "tL9jRIlh",
        "title": "Generalized Riccati equation expansion method and its application to the (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation",
        "abstract": "Based on the computerized symbolic system Maple and a Riccati equation, a new Riccati equation expansion method for constructing nontraveling wave and coefficient functions' soliton-like solutions is presented by a new general ansätz. The proposed method is more powerful than most of the existing tanh methods, the extended tanh-function method, the modified extended tanh-function method, and generalized hyperbolic-function method. By using the method, we not only successfully recovered the previously known formal solutions but could also construct new and more general formal solutions for some nonlinear differential equations. Making use of the method, we study the (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation and obtain rich new families of the exact solutions, including the nontraveling wave and coefficient functions' soliton-like solutions, singular soliton-like solutions, and triangular functions solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "(2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation",
            "Computerized symbolic system",
            "Riccati equation",
            "Soliton-like solutions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Biao Li",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongqing Zhang",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Modern Physics C",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "yWD2LhNE": {
        "id": "yWD2LhNE",
        "title": "Bell Polynomials Approach Applied to (2",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wenguang cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "biao li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Abstract and Applied Analysis",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "dIuvoPF7": {
        "id": "dIuvoPF7",
        "title": "NBD peptides protect against ischemia reperfusion after orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.",
        "abstract": "NBD (NEMO binding domain) peptides could selectively inhibit the inflammation induced NF-κB activity, while sparing the protective functions of basal NF-κB activity. The aim of this study was to determine whether NBD peptides inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) during liver transplant ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), without affecting its basal function.Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were performed orthotropic liver transplantation according to the Kamada technique. Donors were given NBD peptides (8 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) 2 h before surgery (n = 24) and the controls were treated with the same volume of physiologic saline (n = 24). An additional 16 animals in normal condition (did not undergo any surgery) were also divided into two groups and given the same treatment as above to assess the effect of NBD peptides on basal function. We analyzed levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), IKK (IκB kinase) complex phosphorylation, IκBα degradation, NF-κB transcriptional activity, apoptosis, and performed a morphologic study of liver tissues at 3, 6, and 24 h after portal vein reperfusion and in normal condition (n = 8).Pretreatment with NBD peptides significantly improved liver function, attenuating liver parenchymal cell damage, apoptosis by down-regulating TNF-α level, inhibiting IKK complex phosphorylation, IκBα degradation, and NF-κB transcriptional activity, but had no effect in normal condition.NBD peptides attenuated hepatic IRI by preventing NF-κB activation, without affecting basal NF-κB activity.",
        "keywords": [
            "ischemia reperfusion",
            "liver transplantation",
            "nbd peptides",
            "nf-κb"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ming-Xiang Cheng",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Ping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuo-Jin Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Tu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang-An Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of surgical research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "erfzi3zV": {
        "id": "erfzi3zV",
        "title": "Dexamethasone attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury by downregulating glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor ligand in Kupffer cells",
        "abstract": "Aim: Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor ligand (GITRL) plays pro-inflammatory roles in immune response. Thus, our aim was to assess if dexamethasone attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury by affecting GITRL in Kupffer cells (KC). Methods: A BALB/c mouse model of liver injury was established by i.p. injecting with LPS (10mg/kg) co-treated with or without dexamethasone (3mg/kg). Blood and liver samples were obtained for analysis of liver morphology, GITRL expression, hepatocellular function and cytokine levels at 24h after injection. KC were isolated and challenged by LPS (1μg/mL), with or without dexamethasone (10μM) co-treatment, or with GITRL siRNA pre-transfection. The GITRL expression and cytokine levels were assayed at 24h after challenge. Results: Dexamethasone treatment significantly improved the survival rate of endotoxemic mice (P<0.05), whereas serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and γ-interferon levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05, respectively). Concurrently, LPS-induced hepatic tissue injury was attenuated as indicated by morphological analysis; and expression of GITRL in liver tissue and KC was downregulated (P<0.05). Consistent with these in vivo experiments, inhibited expression of GITRL, TNF-α and IL-6 caused by dexamethasone treatment were also observed in LPS-stimulated KC. The GITRL, TNF-α and IL-6 expression was also significantly inhibited by GITRL gene silencing. Conclusion: The TNF-α and IL-6 expression of LPS-stimulated KC was inhibited by GITRL gene silencing. Dexamethasone attenuates LPS-induced liver injury, at least proportionately, by downregulating GITRL in KC. © 2011 The Japan Society of Hepatology.",
        "keywords": [
            "dexamethasone",
            "glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor ligand",
            "kupffer cells",
            "lipopolysaccharide",
            "liver injury"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "SiDong Wei",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinzheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuojia Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JianPing Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "eGItSXvf": {
        "id": "eGItSXvf",
        "title": "Acetyl-3-Aminoethyl Salicylate Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Liver Graft Survival Through an HMGB1/TLR4-Dependent Mechanism.",
        "abstract": "In liver transplant cases, severe hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a strong predictor of adverse liver graft and overall outcomes. During HIRI, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) promotes hepatocellular death and proinflammatory cytokine secretion by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Because salicylates inhibit HMGB1/TLR4 interaction, we hypothesized that salicylates may ameliorate HIRI-induced liver damage by inhibiting HMGB1/TLR4 axis activation. Using a murine model of HIRI, we found that the salicylate acetyl-3-aminoethyl salicylic acid (ac3AESA) reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as well as Suzuki scores and apoptotic cell counts after HIRI. Ac3AESA also down-regulated hepatocellular HMGB1 and TLR4 expression, phosphorylation of inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-1 levels after HIRI. Ac3AESA reduced liver Kupffer cell transcription of proinflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL2, and CXCL8 after HIRI. Ac3AESA also dose-dependently reduced Kupffer cell TNF-α release in vitro. Employing a murine orthotopic liver transplantation model, we found daily ac3AESA administration up to day 10 after transplant improved liver graft survival, suppressed allograft damage, and down-regulated HMGB1/TLR4 signaling. These benefits to survival and allograft health were maintained for cold ischemia times of 12 hours and 18 hours. Notably, TLR4 knockout eliminated all foregoing ac3AESA-induced effects. CONCLUSION: Ac3AESA partially rescues the negative effects of HIRI and prolongs liver graft survival in a TLR4-dependent manner. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "HMGB1",
            "hepatic",
            "ischemia-reperfusion, IR",
            "liver",
            "salicylate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xing Lai",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junhua Gong",
                "org": "Department of Organ Transplantation Center, the First Affilliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiming Wang",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ding Cao",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Menghao Wang",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiming Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Wu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yakun Wu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong Zeng",
                "org": "Department of Organ Transplantation Center, the First Affilliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinzheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "w5S9a6rc": {
        "id": "w5S9a6rc",
        "title": "Blockade of inducible costimulator pathway to prevent acute rejection in rat liver transplantation.",
        "abstract": "The role of inducible costimulator (ICOS) in transplantation immunity remains unclear.A Lewis-to-Brown-Norway (BN) rat liver transplant model was used to explore the effect of ICOS blockade by small interference RNA. Recipient survival rate, number of CD25/ICOS-positive cells, ICOS mRNA and protein levels, and interferon-gamma and tumor-necrosis factor-alpha levels were determined.Recipient survival was significantly prolonged in rats treated with RNA interference. On day 7 after transplantation, there was a diminished frequency of CD25/ICOS-positive cells and an increased frequency of apoptotic T cells. Furthermore, we found that ICOS blockade could inhibit mRNA and protein expression of ICOS, decrease plasma levels of interferon-gamma and tumor-necrosis factor-alpha, suppress cell infiltration into grafts, and promote tolerance in the interference group.Our data demonstrate that RNA interference is a potent tool to down-modulate ICOS expression and protect allografts from acute rejection.",
        "keywords": [
            "acute rejection",
            "rna interference",
            "inducible costimulator",
            "t lymphocyte",
            "live transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haizhong Liu",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuojin Liu",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaoyong Liang",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feiwu Long",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Peng",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lünan Yan",
                "org": "Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Gong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American journal of surgery",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "2qvuSFDr": {
        "id": "2qvuSFDr",
        "title": "Role of Kupffer cells in the induction of tolerance of orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.",
        "abstract": "Because the role of Kupffer cells (KCs) in liver transplantation (LT) tolerance is not well understood, we investigated their role in liver allograft acceptance in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to either an LT group or a transplantation group pretreated with GdCl(3) (Gd group). The rats were postoperatively sacrificed at indicated times for histology and assessment of KC function, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activity, and cytokine production. KCs and T cells (TCs) were isolated from allografts to assess Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) expression. Cytotoxicity of KCs against TCs was monitored by coculturing of (3)H-thymidine TCs with KCs at various effector-to-target ratios. The results were as follows. First, grafts were spontaneously accepted in the LT group with evident apoptosis of TCs; however, inhibition of KCs by pretreatment with GdCl(3) decreased TC apoptosis and shortened the survival of allografts. Second, KCs in the LT group had increased levels of FasL messenger RNA and protein with respect to that in the Gd group. Third, by in vitro cocultivation assays, KCs induced TC apoptosis though elevated expression of FasL, and this process could be blocked by anti-FasL antibody. Fourth, there was a positive correlation between activation of NF-kappaB and FasL expression in KCs and interleukin-4 production in the LT group, and the activation of NF-kappaB was inhibited by pretreatment with GdCl(3). In conclusion, KC-induced depletion of TCs via the Fas/FasL pathway might play a critical role in LT tolerance. However, the tolerance is abrogated by suppression of FasL and IL-4 expression via inhibition of NF-kappaB activity by GdCl(3).",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuojin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaoyong Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofeng Luan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Feiwu Long",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Peng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lünan Yan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Gong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "T5v8zLwA": {
        "id": "T5v8zLwA",
        "title": "Protective effect of glutamine-enriched early enteral nutrition on intestinal mucosal barrier injury after liver transplantation in rats.",
        "abstract": "The effect of glutamine-enriched early enteral nutrition (Gln-EEN) on intestinal mucosal barrier injury after liver transplantation (LT) remains uncertain.The Wistar-to-Wistar rat LT model was used to explore the protective effect of Gln-EEN. Morphologic changes of intestinal mucosa, levels of intestinal malondialdehyde and secretory immunoglobulin (sIgA), plasma endotoxin, D-lactic acid, serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), rates of bacterial translocation, and expression of intestinal nuclear factor-kappaB, TNF-alpha, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were determined.After LT, intestinal mucosa was damaged seriously. At 12, 24, and 48 hours posttransplantation, levels of intestinal sIgA were decreased; levels of malondialdehyde, endotoxin, D-lactic acid, and TNF-alpha, the ratio of bacterial translocation, and the expression of intestinal nuclear factor-kappaB, TNF-alpha, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 all were increased. However, changes in earlier-mentioned parameters in recipients treated with Gln-EEN were attenuated remarkably at 24 to 48 hours.Our data show that Gln-EEN is a potent protectant against intestinal mucosal barrier injury after LT.",
        "keywords": [
            "glutamine",
            "bacterial translocation",
            "mucosal barrier",
            "enteral nutrition",
            "liver transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Zhang",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ji-Fang Zhu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuo-Jin Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Yong Liang",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Sun",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang-Yang Liao",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Ping Gong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American journal of surgery",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "enAAcUS0": {
        "id": "enAAcUS0",
        "title": "Knockdown of interleukin-2 by shRNA-mediated RNA interference prolongs liver allograft survival.",
        "abstract": "Interleukin-2 (IL-2) plays a central role in T-cell activation, expansion, and homeostasis. The failure of IL-2 biosynthesis may play a critical role in tolerance induction. We tested the effect of IL-2 blockade by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on regulating acute rejection in rat liver transplantation. To this end, we successfully designed and selected an effective interference plasmid, pIL-2B. The IL-2 mRNA expression level in the pIL-2B group was one-fifth of that in the no transfection group. Lewis to BN orthotopic liver transplant model was used to explore the effect of knockdown IL-2 by shRNA in vivo. Recipients treated with pIL-2-shRNA survived longer (median survival time of 16 d range 7-21 d) than those with empty vector (11; range 5-13) or saline (9; range 5-13) (P<0.05), and was inferior to those with CsA (24; range 13-36, P<0.05). The IL-2-shRNA attenuated acute rejection with decreased apoptosis of hepatocytes and reduced cytokine production of IL-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the graft. Our results suggest that IL-2 targeting using RNA interference approach may be of potential interest in organ transplantation.",
        "keywords": [
            "short hairpin rna",
            "interleukin-2",
            "acute rejection",
            "rna interference",
            "liver transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yan",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liu-jun Shi",
                "org": "Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuojin Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-yong Liang",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-feng Luan",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei-wu Long",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Peng",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobliliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lü-nan Yan",
                "org": "Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chendu, P.R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-ping Gong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of surgical research",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "OzEY66r5": {
        "id": "OzEY66r5",
        "title": "Correlation between augmenter of liver regeneration and IFN-γ expression in graft after rat orthotopic liver transplantation.",
        "abstract": "Previous data suggested that augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) has immunomodulation function by suppressing liver-resident NK cell activity and reducing IFN-γ expression in human liver diseases. The correlation between ALR and IFN-γ expression in graft after rat orthotopic liver transplantation remains uncertain.A Lewis-to-BN (allograft group) and BN-to-BN (isograft group) rat liver transplantation model was used to investigate the ALR and IFN-γ expression in liver graft. Graft recipients were sacrificed at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 posttransplantation. The histopathologic changes of grafts were observed under light microscope and the intragraft expression of ALR and IFN-γ mRNA and protein was determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. Correlation between ALR and IFN-γ expression in graft was evaluated by Spearman rank correlation analysis.The light microscope inspection revealed severe acute rejection in the allograft group but not in the isograft group at day 7 after liver transplantation. The intragraft ALR showed slight protein expression at day 1 after liver transplantation in both groups and it was significantly increased at days 3, 5, and 7 (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in ALR mRNA expression between the allograft group and isograft group at day 1 (1.09 ± 0.12 and 1.13 ± 0.10, respectively; P > 0.05, n = 3). The ALR mRNA level was slightly reduced at day 3 in both groups compared with that at day 1 (0.81 ± 0.11 and 0.59 ± 0.10, respectively, P > 0.05). However, it was markedly increased at day 5 (2.86 ± 0.37) and day 7 (3.19 ± 0.33) in the isograft group and was 1.57 ± 0.27 and 1.98 ± 0.13 in the allograft group at days 5 and 7, respectively. IFN-γ protein and mRNA expression in the allograft group was increased at day 1 posttransplantation and reached a peak at day 3, and then it had a slight tendency of decline at day 5 and day 7. And they in the isograft group were at a low level at all times. The levels of ALR mRNA showed a negative correlation with levels of IFN-γ mRNA in the allograft group (r = -0.86, P < 0.05, y = -0.241x + 0.586), whereas there is no correlation between ALR and IFN-γ mRNA expression in the isograft group.These data revealed an obviously negative correlation between ALR and IFN-γ levels intragraft, which indicated that ALR may participate in immunoregulation of acute rejection.",
        "keywords": [
            "acute rejection",
            "augmenter of liver regeneration",
            "interferon-γ",
            "liver transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shaoyong Liang",
                "org": "Chongqing Emergency Medical Center(Chongqing Emergency Medical Centre,Chongqing Emergency Medical Center),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feiwu Long",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinzheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingxiang Cheng",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yujun Shi",
                "org": "Sichuan University(Sichuan University),Chengdu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of surgical research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "6cKOTop0": {
        "id": "6cKOTop0",
        "title": "α-ketoglutarate attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury of liver graft in rats.",
        "abstract": "αKG produced by glutaminolysis protects liver graft from IRI by regulating the inflammatory response and modifying the polarization of KCs.",
        "keywords": [
            "Glutaminolysis",
            "Ischemia-reperfusion injury",
            "Kupffer cells",
            "Liver transplantation",
            "α-ketoglutarate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ming-Xiang Cheng",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ding Cao",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin-Zheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Tu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: doctortb@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Ping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: gongjianping11@126.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "0LpIZ67U": {
        "id": "0LpIZ67U",
        "title": "Advantages of promoting interleukin-10 by silence of histone deacetylase 11 in inducing tolerance in orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.",
        "abstract": "The aims of this study were to study the role of histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) in tolerance induction in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats and to assess the advantages of gene therapy over the immunosuppressant FK506.Recipients were assigned to an acute rejection group (AcR; group I), an FK506 intervention group (group II), and a tolerance group (group III). Acute rejection (AcR) was graded by the Banff scheme and we examined postoperative survival. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) and interleukin (IL) 10 in liver tissue were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blots, respectively. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-2, and IL-10 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assays.Group I displayed severe, Group II had less, and Group III had no evidence of AR. The survivals among Group III were longer than those in Group I and Group II. IL-10 expression was promoted by HDAC11-shRNA at 7 days after OLT. Serum IL-2 and TNF-α levels were significantly lower among Group III compared with Groups I and II, whereas IL-10 showed the opposite result.Silence of HDAC11 promotes IL-10 expression and leads to tolerance following OLT in rats. Thus HDAC11 is a promising target for gene therapy to induce tolerance with advantages over immunosuppressive drugs.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "X Lai",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "J Z Li",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Z R Lian",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "B L Niu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Y Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "W Y Liao",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Z J Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "J P Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Transplantation proceedings",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "cOyJwXNh": {
        "id": "cOyJwXNh",
        "title": "Effect of taurine on IRAK4 and NF-kappa B in Kupffer cells from rat liver grafts after ischemia-reperfusion injury.",
        "abstract": "The aim of this study was to explore the protective mechanisms of taurine pretreatment against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury after liver transplantation.A Sprague-Dawley-to-Sprague-Dawley rat liver transplantation model was used in this study. At 0, 60, and 180 minutes after reperfusion, expression of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4) messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in Kupffer cells was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The activity of nuclear factor κB in Kupffer cells was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The serum tumor necrosis factor-α level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum transaminases, liver histology, and animal survival were also investigated.At 60 and 180 minutes after reperfusion, levels of IRAK-4 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein, activities of nuclear factor κB, and levels of serum transaminases and tumor necrosis factor-α were all obviously elevated. However, changes in these parameters in rats treated with taurine were remarkably attenuated at the indicated time points.These data suggest that taurine could protect against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury after liver transplantation, and the protective effects may be through downregulation of IRAK-4 and downstream nuclear factor κB and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in Kupffer cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "taurine",
            "irak-4",
            "nf-κb",
            "liver transplantation",
            "ischemia/reperfusion injury",
            "interleukin-1 receptorassociated kinase-4"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ke Sun",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-yong Liang",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuo-jing Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang-yang Liao",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-bing Ou",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Tu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-ping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American journal of surgery",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "wRJWhkAP": {
        "id": "wRJWhkAP",
        "title": "Immunosuppressive effect of IDO on T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B*.",
        "abstract": "Recently indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has drawn considerable attention as a mechanism of immune regulation. Our study was to observe the role of IDO in immune tolerance of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), so as to provide a novel approach for reestablishment of active immunity.Peripheral venous blood samples were taken from 50 CHB patients and HBV viral load, T lymphocyte subsets as well as the mRNA, protein and activity of IDO were detected. The correlations between HBV viral load, T lymphocyte subsets and IDO were statistically analyzed. Blood samples from 50 healthy people were tested as a control group.In CHB patients, the mRNA, protein and activity of IDO were all significantly more than those in control group (mRNA:[2.11 +/- 0.615] x 10(3) vs. [0.143 +/- 0.026] x 10(3); protein: 0.22 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.02 +/- 0.0017; activity: 26.07 +/- 8.12 vs. 4.98 +/- 1.65; P < 0.05) and IDO mRNA was positively correlated with HBV viral load (r = 0.502, P < 0.001) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (r = 0.65, P < 0.01). Furthermore, IDO mRNA, protein and activity were negatively correlated with CD4(+) T cells (r = -0.622, -0.682, -0.549 respectively, P < 0.05), CD8 (+) T cells (r = -0.487, -367, -294 respectively, P < 0.05) and the ratio of CD4/CD8 (r = -0.426, -0.533, -0.397 respectively, P < 0.05).IDO closely correlates with HBV viral load and is responsible for immunotolerance against HBV. Suppression of IDO could be a novel approach to break tolerance in CHB.",
        "keywords": [
            "hepatitis b virus",
            "immune tolerance",
            "indoleamine-2",
            "3-dioxygenase",
            "immune response",
            "indoleamine 2 3 dioxygenase"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong-Bing Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Si-Dan Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Ping He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-Jie Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Ping Gong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "TlAMJcuw": {
        "id": "TlAMJcuw",
        "title": "Taurine attenuates liver injury by downregulating phosphorylated p38 MAPK of Kupffer cells in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.",
        "abstract": "This study was undertaken to clarify the effects of taurine on liver injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Rats were randomly assigned to three groups: a sham operation (SO), a SAP (established by infusion of 5% taurocholate), and a SAP given taurine (Taur). At 12 and 24 h post-operation, taurine pretreatment significantly attenuated hepatic tissue injury induced by SAP, and concurrently, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and amylase levels were significantly reduced by taurine pretreatment. Compared with the SO group, the total and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) expression and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity of Kupffer cells (KCs) were significantly higher in the SAP group, but taurine pretreatment inhibited the total and phosphorylated p38 MAPK expression and NF-κB activity of KCs in the SAP group. The increase of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-lβ in cultured supernate of the SAP rat-derived KCs was also significantly inhibited by taurine pretreatment. These results suggest that taurine pretreatment ameliorated liver injury in rats with SAP mainly by inhibiting phosphorylated p38 MAPK and NF-κB activity in KCs, which may play an important role in liver injury.",
        "keywords": [
            "taurine",
            "p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase",
            "liver injury",
            "severe acute pancreatitis.",
            "kupffer cells"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sidong Wei",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingyong Huang",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinzheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuojin Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibo You",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 74 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inflammation",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "kXaReGhs": {
        "id": "kXaReGhs",
        "title": "Endotoxin tolerance attenuates liver ischemia/reperfusion injury by down-regulation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 in kupffer cells.",
        "abstract": "The aim of this study was to study the role of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK-4) in the formation of endotoxin tolerance (ET) in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, I/R group, and ET group. Liver morphological changes were observed using optical microscopy with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was quantified to measure liver functional injury. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of IRAK-4 in Kupffer cells (KCs) isolated from recipients were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The activities of NF-κB and the supernatant levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-10 were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Endotoxin preconditioning improved hepatic tissue injury as indicated by morphological analysis, whereas serum ALT levels were significantly decreased at various times (P < .05); concurrently, the expression of IRAK-4 and TNF-α in KCs was down-regulated (P < .05) and the secretion of IL-10 was enhanced (P < .05); NF-κB DNA-binding activity of KCs was also significantly inhibited by endotoxin preconditioning (P < .05).Endotoxin preconditioning attenuated the liver I/R injury caused by transplantation. The expression of IRAK-4 in KCs may play an important role in the formation of ET.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "J Li",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "X Lai",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Y Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "B Niu",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "J Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing University of Medical Sciences(Chongqing University of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Univ. of Medical Sciences,Chongqing Medical University),Chongqing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Transplantation proceedings",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "sVso5WXi": {
        "id": "sVso5WXi",
        "title": "VEGF-C attenuates ischemia reperfusion injury of liver graft in rats.",
        "abstract": "Exogenous VEGF-C protects liver graft from IRI by regulating the inflammatory response and modifying polarization of KCs.",
        "keywords": [
            "Ischemia reperfusion injury",
            "Kupffer cells",
            "Liver transplantation",
            "VEGF-C",
            "VEGFR-3"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ming-Xiang Cheng",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin-Zheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ding Cao",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Ping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Tu",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: 158402084@qq.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Transplant immunology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "eJBhCUaT": {
        "id": "eJBhCUaT",
        "title": "USP21 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis through suppressing EZH2 ubiquitination in bladder carcinoma.",
        "abstract": "Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common malignant tumor of the urinary tract in the world. In this study, we found that ubiquitin-specific protease (USP21) was upregulated in BC and the ectopic expression of USP21 was closely associated with tumor size and metastasis. Moreover, patients with higher levels of USP21 had poorer survival rate. Multiple function analysis such as CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell analysis indicated that USP21 regulated cell proliferation and metastasis in bladder carcinoma cell lines. We also found that USP21 could facilitate epithelial-mesenchymal transition. As EZH2 has been reported to promote cell metastasis in BC, our work identified that USP21 deubiquitinated EZH2 and stabilized it. Our data demonstrated that USP21 might play a crucial role in regulating BC progression and could provide a potential therapeutic strategy for BC.",
        "keywords": [
            "EMT",
            "EZH2",
            "USP21",
            "metastasis",
            "proliferation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Daihui Chen",
                "org": "Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "OncoTargets and therapy",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "SK8Y81fo": {
        "id": "SK8Y81fo",
        "title": "SIRT6 Overexpression Potentiates Apoptosis Evasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via BCL2-Associated X Protein-Dependent Apoptotic Pathway.",
        "abstract": "SIRT6 is an important protumorigenic factor in liver carcinogenesis. Thus, the therapeutic targeting of SIRT6 may offer options for HCC treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 22(13); 3372-82. ©2016 AACR.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Long-Kuan Ran",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhen-Zhen Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Na-Na Tao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ji-Hua Ren",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Tang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wan-Yu Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Long Huang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China. yixin_xinyuan@163.com ahuang1964@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. yixin_xinyuan@163.com ahuang1964@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "pm21GVvJ": {
        "id": "pm21GVvJ",
        "title": "Role of programmed death ligand 1 and Kupffer cell in immune regulation after orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.",
        "abstract": "KCs with high expression of PD-L1 could significantly suppress the proliferation and function of TCs. Silencing the expression of PD-L1 in KCs in vivo could restore the function of TCs.",
        "keywords": [
            "Apoptosis",
            "Immunomodulation",
            "Kupffer cell",
            "Liver transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junhua Gong",
                "org": "Department of Organ Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ding Cao",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinzheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China. Electronic address: jinzhengli.liver@gmail.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong Zeng",
                "org": "Department of Organ Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China. Electronic address: zengzhongcqmu@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International immunopharmacology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "mtbWJH4w": {
        "id": "mtbWJH4w",
        "title": "Robotic Pancreatoduodenectomy Biotissue Curriculum has Validity and Improves Technical Performance for Surgical Oncology Fellows.",
        "abstract": "A pancreatoduodenectomy biotissue curriculum has face and construct validity. The curriculum is feasible and improves errors and technical performance. Time is the most difficult technical parameter to improve. This curriculum is a valid tool for teaching robotic pancreatoduodenectomies with established milestones for reaching optimum performance.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biotissue",
            "Pancreatoduodenectomy",
            "Practice-Based Learning and Improvement",
            "Professionalism",
            "Robotic",
            "Surgical education"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Vernissia Tam",
                "org": "Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mazen Zenati",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."
            },
            {
                "name": "Stephanie Novak",
                "org": "Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, Chongqing Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Amer H Zureikat",
                "org": "Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."
            },
            {
                "name": "Herbert J Zeh",
                "org": "Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."
            },
            {
                "name": "Melissa E Hogg",
                "org": "Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: hoggme@upmc.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of surgical education",
        "year": 0
    },
    "LEXk3J3n": {
        "id": "LEXk3J3n",
        "title": "Distribution of convergent afferents innervating bladder and prostate at dorsal root Ganglia in rats.",
        "abstract": "To investigate the distribution of dichotomizing afferents supplying both the prostate and urinary bladder, and to discern the effects of noxious stimulation of the prostate on urinary bladder function in rats.Dual retrograde fluorescence labeling was used to investigate the neurogenic aspect of urinary bladder function. The dual distribution of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cells was determined by propidium iodide (PI) and propidium bisbenzimide (Bb) staining into the prostate and bladder. To examine mechanical sensitivity of the bladder, conscious filling cystometry was performed before and after completion of Freund adjuvant injection into the prostate.Double-labeled positive cells were found in the lumbosacral DRG, predominantly in L1-L2 and L6-S1, with distribution varyinig from 7.5% to 14%. Most of the double-labeled cells were classified as small and medium in size. Prostatic irritation had no effect on the number of labeled cells. With the use of cystometry, prostatic irritation was found to shorten mean micturition interval (P <.05), decrease mean volume threshold inducing micturition, and increase baseline pressure and threshold pressure (P <.05), but to lower peak micturition pressure compared with that in controls (P <.01).These findings suggest that bladder-prostate convergent DRG neurons may play a role in bladder-prostate cross-sensitization after prostatitis. This study also provided neuronal anatomical evidence for voiding dysfunction associated with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaohou Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia Liu",
                "org": "Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Tang",
                "org": "Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Urology, Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhua Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Urology, Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Urology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "hJyeQl2F": {
        "id": "hJyeQl2F",
        "title": "Augmenter of liver regeneration attenuates acute rejection after rat liver transplantation.",
        "abstract": "ALR could inhibit TC proliferation and function both in vivo and in vitro and attenuate acute rejection after liver transplantation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Augmenter of liver regeneration",
            "Immune regulation",
            "Kupffer cell",
            "Liver transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road 76#, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road 76#, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaoyong Liang",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road 76#, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feiwu Long",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road 76#, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinzheng Li",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road 76#, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Gong",
                "org": "Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Linjiang Road 76#, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: gongjianping11@126.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American journal of surgery",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "SwrRYO3y": {
        "id": "SwrRYO3y",
        "title": "NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 overexpression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma potentiates apoptosis evasion through regulating stabilization of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein.",
        "abstract": "NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an antioxidant enzyme which is associated with poor prognosis in human breast, colon, lung and liver cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pro-tumorigenic function of NQO1 remains unclear. This study investigated the function of NQO1 in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. We found that NQO1 was frequently up-regulated in human liver cancer, and its high expression level was correlated with the tumor stage and low survival rate of HCC patients. Loss-of-function of NQO1 inhibited growth in HCC cells with increased apoptosis in vitro, and suppressed orthotopic tumorigenicity in vivo. Mechanistically, high level of NQO1 in HCC cells enhanced protein stability of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) by increasing its phosphorylation at Ser 87. Reintroduction of wile type XIAP and the phospho-mimic mutants XIAP significantly reversed NQO1 knock-down/out induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. In mouse model with orthotopically implanted hepatocarcinoma, NQO1 suppression and NQO1 inhibitor suppressed tumor growth and induced apoptosis. NQO1 plays an important role in sustaining HCC cell proliferation and may thus act as a potential therapeutic target in HCC treatment.",
        "keywords": [
            "Apoptosis",
            "Hepatocellular Carcinoma",
            "NQO1",
            "X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wan-Yu Li",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong-Zhong Zhou",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Chen",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Medical Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Fei Cai",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Tang",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ji-Hua Ren",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vincent Kam Wai Wong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Betty Yuen Kwan Law",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hepatobliliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sheng-Tao Cheng",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Bo Yu",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao-Yang Cai",
                "org": "Center of Growth, Metabolism, and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Xian Chen",
                "org": "Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ni Tang",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Lu Zhang",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Na-Na Tao",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiu-Xia Yang",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Ren",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin He",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Jiang",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Long Huang",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: ahuang1964@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Chen",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: chenjuan2014@cqmu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer letters",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "Ef1Em7l4": {
        "id": "Ef1Em7l4",
        "title": "Polarization of M1 tumor associated macrophage promoted by the activation of TLR3 signal pathway.",
        "abstract": "The Poly-ICLC can activate the TLR3 downstream signaling pathway to induce a M1 polarization of tumor associated macrophage, thereby inhibiting the tumor growth.",
        "keywords": [
            "M1",
            "Poly-ICLC",
            "TLR3",
            "Tumor-associated macrophage"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Liu",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China. Electronic address: zsfvaca@126.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xia Wang",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tai-Zhong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang-Liang Li",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang-Chun Tan",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Qiang Duan",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Ir4I1SxY": {
        "id": "Ir4I1SxY",
        "title": "Identify and categorize drug-related problems in hospitalized surgical patients in China.",
        "abstract": "Background Data is lacking on types and severities of drug-related problems (DRPs) in hospitalized surgical patients in China. Objective To identify and categorize types and causes of DRPs, and to assess severities of these DRPs. Setting An academic teaching hospital in Chongqing, China. Method We retrospectively reviewed all medication orders for patients in six surgical departments during a six-month period. DRPs were classified using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) classification, and the severity ratings of these DRPs were based on the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCCMERP) classification. Main outcome measure The number, types, causes and severities of the DRPs. Results A total of 291,944 medication orders in 10,643 patients were reviewed, and 3548 DRPs were identified. The average DRP number per patient was 0.3. The most common problem was treatment effectiveness (39.9%) and the major cause of the problems was dose selection (47.0%). Total 80.1% of the DRPs were rated at severity categories B to D (causing no or potential harm), whereas 19.9% were rated as categories E to H (causing actual harm). Conclusion DRPs are common in surgical patients, and prospective pharmacist medication order review services are needed to improve patients' pharmaceutical care.",
        "keywords": [
            "China",
            "Drug-related problems",
            "NCC-MERP classification",
            "PCNE classification",
            "Pharmacist",
            "Pharmacy service"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Can Qu",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Long Meng",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Wang",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Yang",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Wang",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shusen Sun",
                "org": "Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. ssun@wne.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Qiu",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China. qiufeng@outlook.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of clinical pharmacy",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "TM1b4xFZ": {
        "id": "TM1b4xFZ",
        "title": "Liver X Receptors Activation Attenuates Ischemia Reperfusion Injury of Liver Graft in Rats.",
        "abstract": "LXRs activation attenuated hepatic IRI by preventing TLR4-NF-κB signaling.",
        "keywords": [
            "LXRs",
            "NF-κB",
            "TLR4",
            "ischemia reperfusion injury",
            "liver transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ming-Xiang Cheng",
                "org": "a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Huang",
                "org": "a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang He",
                "org": "a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin-Zheng Li",
                "org": "b Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "x8kkV76u": {
        "id": "x8kkV76u",
        "title": "Effects of a 6-month course of tamsulosin for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a multicenter, randomized trial.",
        "abstract": "To evaluate the efficacy and long-term benefits of tamsulosin in the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).A total of 100 men diagnosed with CP/CPPS were randomly allocated to receive either 0.2 mg of tamsulosin daily or placebo for 6 months. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 30 months after initiation of treatment. The primary outcome variable was the change from baseline in the total and domain scores of the NIH-CPSI. Secondary variables used to evaluate efficacy of treatment included the following: peak urinary flow rate, post-voiding residual (PVR) volume and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF).The tamsulosin patients had modest satisfactory improvements compared to the placebo group during treatment. Six months after initiation of treatment, the mean decrement of total NIH-CPSI score in tamsulosin and placebo group were 7.5 ± 1.9 and 4.0 ± 2.3, respectively, P < 0.01. After cessation of therapy, the significant difference waned gradually. Two years after cessation of therapy, the mean decrement of total NIH-CPSI score in two groups were 3.0 ± 1.3 and 1.9 ± 0.9, respectively, P > 0.05. No differences were observed for data of patients classified as class III A or III B and data of peak urinary flow rate, PVR and the IIEF during the study period.Our study shows that a 6-month course of tamsulosin ameliorated symptoms of CP/CPPS during treatment. However, these effects decreased gradually 6 months after cessation of treatment. This suggests that long-term tamsulosin may be indicated, particularly in the responders.",
        "keywords": [
            "responders. keywords prostatitis · alpha-blockers · tamsulosin · eycacy",
            "randomized trial",
            "flow rate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaohou Wu",
                "org": "Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia Liu",
                "org": "Chongqing Reproductive Health Counseling Center, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Tang",
                "org": "Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhao",
                "org": "Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhua Zhang",
                "org": "Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "World journal of urology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "nov1sdum": {
        "id": "nov1sdum",
        "title": "A systematic review of radiofrequency ablation versus percutaneous ethanol injection for small hepatocellular carcinoma up to 3 cm",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "systematic review",
            "randomized controlled trial"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ai shen",
                "org": "chongqing medical university"
            },
            {
                "name": "hua zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chengyong tang",
                "org": "chongqing medical university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "chongqing medical university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yefei wang",
                "org": "chongqing medical university"
            },
            {
                "name": "chao zhang",
                "org": "chongqing medical university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhongjun wu",
                "org": "chongqing medical university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "NoKn3EFU": {
        "id": "NoKn3EFU",
        "title": "Thermomechanical model of heat transfer in bloom casting mold",
        "abstract": "The longitudinal corner surface cracks were occurred at the initial stage of operation of continuous bloom caster at Pangang. Therefore, a thermomechanical model was developed to analyze the heat transfer and the stress distribution of strand in the mold. The heat transfer was analyzed with the steady model and the transient model, respectively. The contact of the mold and strand was taken into account in the mechanical model to treat the air gap formation at the mold corner, and the strain as well as stress of strand were analyzed with thermal elasto-plastic model. The calculated results of the temperature of and stress distribution in the strand cast with two different molds show that the corner configuration has a great effect on heat transfer near the corners. When the corner configuration is optimized from 25 mm × 45° to 12 mm × 45°, the strand temperature becomes lower and the solidified shell-thickness becomes thicker, which will reduce the cracking tendency near the corners.",
        "keywords": [
            "Continuous bloom casting",
            "Finite element method",
            "Heat transfer",
            "Mould",
            "Thermomechanical analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Luo",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHEN Hou-fa",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Kang T'ieh/Iron and Steel (Peking)",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "9Wgr98pQ": {
        "id": "9Wgr98pQ",
        "title": "Improvement on internal quality of heavy rail steel bloom by mold electromagnetic stirring",
        "abstract": "Metallurgical targets of using mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) in bloom continuous casting of heavy rail steel was not fully achieved in the pact. Therefore, experiments for optimizing process parameters of M-EMS for heavy rail steel bloom casting was performed to analyze the influence of the current intensity on the internal quality of bloom, such as center looseness, central segregation and the ratio of equiaxed zone and the a most suitable M-EMS scheme was developed. The production results show that in the bloom the ratio of equiaxed zone was increased from 18.8% to 36.2%, center looseness was ≤ 1.5, while, central segregation and shrinkage cavity were ≤ 1.0. The internal quality and mechanical quality of the rails from blooms meet the requirements of high speed 350 km/h tracks.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bloom continuous casting",
            "Mold electromagnetic stirring",
            "Rail steel"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Su-bo",
                "org": "Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co., Ltd.(Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co. Ltd.,Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co., Ltd.,Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Company, Ltd.,Panzhihua New Vanadium and Steel Co.),Panzhihua,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHU Miao-yong",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Kang T'ieh/Iron and Steel (Peking)",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "42OqtyKf": {
        "id": "42OqtyKf",
        "title": "Controlling Technology on Oxygen Content in Gear Steel Produced by 120t LD-LF-RH-BCC Flow Sheet",
        "abstract": "The key technology for controlling the oxygen content in gear steel is analyzed including SiO_2 content in refining slag,(CaO)/(Al_2O_3),(FeO + MnO),RH,Ar stirring and concasting process.Combined with process conditions at Vanadium Recovery and Steelmaking Plant,Panzhihua New Steel-Vanadium Co Ltd,with the process measures such as controlling converter end[C]≥0.10%,ladle slag thickness 50～80 mm and adding high basicity slag during tapping,LF white slag refining[in slag T.Fe-0.43%,(MnO + FeO)-0.93%,SiO_2-5%,average(CaO) /(Al_2O_3 )-1.9],RH treatment for 20 min,shielded continuous casting,and using suitable argon blowing models in ladle at back platform of converter, during LF refining and calcium treating,the total oxygen content in bloom of gear steel 20CrMoH is≤15×10~(-6),and the average total oxygen content is 11.8×10~(-6).",
        "keywords": [
            "Control of Oxygen Content",
            "Gear Steel 20CrMoH",
            "Bloom",
            "Converter"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Tianming",
                "org": " Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Subo",
                "org": " Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Kewen",
                "org": " Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co,Panzhihua ; Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School,University of Science and Technology,Beijing "
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Xinhua",
                "org": " Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School,University of Science and Technology,Beijing "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeng Jianhua",
                "org": " Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co,Panzhihua "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Special Steel",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "7Bbmdlif": {
        "id": "7Bbmdlif",
        "title": "Key technologies of internal quality control for continuously cast high-speed rail steel bloom",
        "abstract": "The key technologies of internal quality control for continuously cast rail steel bloom at Panzhihua Steel, such as mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS), secondary cooling regime, and dynamic soft reduction at the end of solidification, and their results are introduced. The practice in recent 3 years shows that the above mentioned key technologies are helpful to control rail steel bloom central defects, such as central segregation, center looseness and central crack. The internal quality of continuously cast rail steel bloom was superior, the yield of liquid steel was up to 98.55%, the qualified rate of blooms was 99.97%, the grades of center looseness, central segregation and shrinkage cavity were ≤ 1.0, while central cracking and middle cracking were ≤ 0.5, and central segregation index of carbon was ≤ 1.05 in 2005. The rails produced from continuously cast blooms meet the requirements of high-speed 350 km/h tracks.",
        "keywords": [
            "Continuous casting",
            "EMS",
            "High speed rail"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Su-bo",
                "org": "Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co., Ltd.(Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co. Ltd.,Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co., Ltd.,Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Company, Ltd.,Panzhihua New Vanadium and Steel Co.),Panzhihua,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHU Miao-yong",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Kang T'ieh/Iron and Steel (Peking)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "gBmpn1UQ": {
        "id": "gBmpn1UQ",
        "title": "Control Process on Corner Crack of 200 mm×200 mm Hot Rolled Billet of Steel 34Mn2V for High Pressure Bottle",
        "abstract": "The effect of temperature of liquid steel in tundish during casting,liquid level fluctuation in mold,[Als], sequence heats of tundish and fluctuation of 280 mm×380 mm bloom casting speed on rolled billet comer cracks of steel 34Mn2V for high pressure bottle was analyzed by processes comparison.The process measures have been adopted including decreasing adding Al amount,controlling [Als]0.01%,feeding Ca-Si wire after RH,suitably increasing liquid steel tem- perature during east,controlling liquid steel temperature 1 520～1 530℃in tundish and stopper argon blown rate≤10 L/min during casting,and controlling mold liquid level fluctuation±3 mm.Application results showed that the hot rolled billet comer cracks rate decreased from original 23.57% to 1.21%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Rolled Billet Comer Cracks",
            "Material Index Steel 34Mn2V for High Pressure Bottle",
            "Bloom",
            "Process Control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang ; Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Subo",
                "org": " Vanadium Recovery & Steelmaking Plant,Panzhihua New Steel & Vanadium Co Ltd,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhu Miaoyong",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Special Steel",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "NaKZ21im": {
        "id": "NaKZ21im",
        "title": "Characteristics of Cooling of Nozzles for Secondary Cooling of 360mm×450mm Billet Concaster",
        "abstract": "The characteristics of 9 kinds of flat air-water nozzles for 4 strand 360 mm×450 mm billet concaster at Panzhihua Steel have been tested by using test device for measuring cold performance of nozzles for secondary cooling.The test results showed that with nozzles level h was 115 mm and 140 mm and with jetting angle 115.6° and 115.1°,the effective jetting range d for water nozzle 3/8PZ10.6-120PG respectively was 365 mm and 440 mm.The jetting angle of airwater nozzle HPZ4.8-90PG was 106.7°,as air pressure was 0.15~0.30 MPa and water pressure was 0.30 MPa,the h was 210 mm and d was 515~565 mm.",
        "keywords": [
            "Billet Concasting",
            "Secondary Cooling Nozzle",
            "Measuring",
            "Cold Performance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhang Shuyan",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhu Miaoyong",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang "
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Subo",
                "org": " Vanadium Recovery and Steelmaking Plant,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co,Panzhihua "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Special Steel",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "XfdK60Du": {
        "id": "XfdK60Du",
        "title": "Numerical Simulation of Electromagnetic Stirring Field and Molten Steel Flow Field in Mold of Bloom Continuous Casting",
        "abstract": "In order to simulate the magnetic flux density,electromagnetic stirring force and fluid flow in bloom continuous casting mold,a mathematical model is set up and the software of Visual Cast has been developed.Numerical simulation results show that the rotary magnetic field in mold is uniform and its period is two times electromagnetic force.The flow pattern greatly varies and the circumfluence region as well as the jet impinging depth decreases with the effect of electromagnetic stirring,which will decrease the quantity of non-metallic inclusion in bloom.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bloom continuous casting",
            "Magnetic field",
            "Mold electromagnetic stirring"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang ,Liaoning,China;Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua ,Sichuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changli Zhang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Houfa Shen",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Bai-cheng",
                "org": "Department ofMechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Iron and Steel Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "0exlH74h": {
        "id": "0exlH74h",
        "title": "Production practice on the reduction of surface faint-sliver defects for cold-rolled IF steel",
        "abstract": "The sample of cold-rolled plates, hot-rolled plates and slab were analyzed with the condition of faint-sliver defects appeared in IF steel of Panzhihua Steel, and it was shown that faint-sliver defects in cold-rolled steel sheet were mainly caused by microcrack under the skin of strands, slag entrapment in mold during casting and inclusions in slab during rolling with the analysis on cold-rolled plates, hot-rolled plates and slab in Panzhihua Steel. Faint-sliver defects were controlled effectively with the technical measures, which were decreasing oxidation of ladle slag, controlling the ratio of w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) in slag, extending circulation time of deoxidization and alloying in RH furnace, controlling the casting speed and increasing the viscosity of mold fluxes. Therefore, the ratio of downgrade induced by faint-sliver defects reduced from 10.97% to 1.00%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Faint-sliver defect",
            "Interstitial free (IF) steel",
            "Mold powder",
            "Refining process"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ZENG Jian-hua",
                "org": "Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute(Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Res. Inst.),Panzhihua,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Guo-rong",
                "org": "Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute(Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Res. Inst.),Panzhihua,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute(Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Res. Inst.),Panzhihua,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Su B. Yang",
                "org": "Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd.(Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd.,Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Company Limited),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Cheng Yang",
                "org": "Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd.(Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd.,Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Company Limited),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Ke-wen",
                "org": "Panzhihua Iron and Steel (Group) Co.(Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group Co.,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co.),Panzhihua,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Kang T'ieh/Iron and Steel (Peking)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "QyJicfyq": {
        "id": "QyJicfyq",
        "title": "Numerical Simulation for Electromagnetic Stirring of Mold for 360 mm×450 mm Bloom Concasting",
        "abstract": "According to Maxwell electromagnetic field theory a mathematical model for simulating the mold electro- magnetic rotary stirring for 360 mm×450 mm bloom concasting has been established to analyze the distribution characteris- tics of magnetic flux density and electromagnetic stirring force,and the effect of current strength (300～700 A) and stirring frequency (2.0～3.0 Hz) on flux density and stirring force.Results show that the rotary,magnetic field can generate the e- lectromagnetic force in mold to make molten steel whirling at horizontal section;the relation between magnetic flux intensity of induction and stirring current is linearity,and with lower stirring frequency the effect of frequency on electromagnetic stir- ring intensity is slight.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bloom Concasting",
            "Magnetic Field",
            "Mold Electromagnetic Stirring",
            "Numerical Simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang ; Department of Material Research,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhu Miaoyong",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang "
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren Bingzhi",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Special Steel",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "t5OQzD1Y": {
        "id": "t5OQzD1Y",
        "title": "Development and application of dynamic soft reduction control model in bloom continuous casting machine",
        "abstract": "The development and application of dynamic soft reduction model is the key link which realized the stable and effective application of soft reduction parameters. A bloom dynamic soft reduction control model was studied which combined with Panzhihua steel No.2 bloom continuous casting machine equipment characteristics, and the gap values calculation method for the press rolls of withdrawal and straightening machines during the process of soft reduction were described. The model application results showed that the blooms inner quality had been improved obviously, and the comprehensive percentages of blooms central segregation defects class ≤0.5 and central looseness defects class ≤0.5 respectively increased by 35.46% and 9.81%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bloom continuous casting",
            "Control model",
            "Dynamic soft reduction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Cheng Ji",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHU Miao-yong",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Guo-rong",
                "org": "Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute(Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Res. Inst.),Panzhihua,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Su-bo",
                "org": "Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co., Ltd.(Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co. Ltd.,Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co., Ltd.,Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Company, Ltd.,Panzhihua New Vanadium and Steel Co.),Panzhihua,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Kang T'ieh/Iron and Steel (Peking)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "Zo12hQBW": {
        "id": "Zo12hQBW",
        "title": "Application of Mold Electromagnetic Stirring Technology for 280mm×380mm Concasting Bloom",
        "abstract": "The effect of current(150～500A) of mold electromagnetic stirring(M-EMS) technology on metallurgy quality of 280 mm×380 mm,280 mm×325 mm concasting bloom of heavy rail steel U75V etc grade has been tested and studied.Results showed that with the current increasing from 250 A to 500 A,the percentage of equiaxed zone increased from 18.8% to 36.2%,the total inclusion amount decreased from 8.53 mg/10kg to 4.68 mg/10kg and the percentage of ratting units≤1.0 of defects centre porosity,segregation,shrinkage cavity,centre cracks and midway cracks was up to 98%.As concasting stirring current was 350～400 A for medium carbon steels and concasting stirring current was 250 A for low carbon steels,the percentage of ratting units≤1.0 of casting bloom internal defects was respectively up to 93% and 90%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Metallurgy Quality",
            "Bloom",
            "Concasting",
            "M-EMS"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "1 School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhu Miaoyong",
                "org": "2 Dept of Materials Research,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Special Steel",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "IiacSVTV": {
        "id": "IiacSVTV",
        "title": "Numerical simulation on thermo-mechanical coupling in bloom mold by finite element method",
        "abstract": "A thermo-mechanical finite element model was established to analyze the heat transfer from mold to strand and stress distribution in strand based on the air gap resistance between solidified shell and mold by considering the influence of the mold flux on the thermal resistance among the strand, the flux film and the mold. The calculated strand shell thicknesses agreed well with the measured with a difference within 2 mm. The heat transfer in the mold and stress distribution in the bloom at different casting speeds were obtained by using the model. It was shown that when the casting speed was increased from 0.7 m/min to 0.9 m/min, the strand temperature became higher and the solidified shell thickness became thinner, which increased the cracking risk near the strand corners.",
        "keywords": [
            "Continuous bloom casting",
            "Finite element method",
            "Heat transfer",
            "Mold",
            "Thermo-mechanical deformation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Luo",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHEN Hou-fa",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Kang T'ieh/Iron and Steel (Peking)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "QmZEbXfS": {
        "id": "QmZEbXfS",
        "title": "Effect of Calcium Treatment on the Non-Metallic Inclusions of Pipeline Steel",
        "abstract": "In order to improve the cleanliness of pipeline steel,the behavior of non-metallic inclusions after calcium treatment in pipeline steel produced by the process of BOF-LF-RH-CC in Pangang was quantitative analyzed.The law of types and sources of inclusions in different processes was found.The reasonable amount of calcium for improving the cleanliness of pipeline steel was put forward.The results show that,the calcium silicon line is feed too much,leading to some high melting point inclusions which is not easily removed by floatation in the existing technology condition.At the same time,the redundant of calcium in liquid steel produces the large amount of CaS and CaO inclusions,which causes the pollution of liquid steel.In accordance with Ca/S equal to 2.0,reasonable amount of Si-Ca is 600 m.",
        "keywords": [
            "calcium treatment",
            "modification",
            "feeding calcium",
            "cleanliness",
            "non-metallic inclusion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LUO Lei",
                "org": "School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SUN Yan-hui",
                "org": "School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Panzihua Iron and Steel%%#Group%%# Co.,Panzhihua ,Sichuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Guo-rong",
                "org": "Panzihua Iron and Steel%%#Group%%# Co.,Panzhihua ,Sichuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Iron & Steel",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "ivQUCpBU": {
        "id": "ivQUCpBU",
        "title": "3D numerical simulation of electromagnetic field and flow field in bloom continuous casting mold with electromagnetic stirring",
        "abstract": "A three-dimensional mathematical model to represent electromagnetic field and flow field in bloom continuous casting mold with electromagnetic stirring was established, and solved by the finite element method and finite volume method, respectively. The predicted electromagnetic fields were verified by measured ones. The results show that the electromagnetic force distributes circumferentially at horizontal plane, and the tangential electromagnetic force of strand edge is the biggest at the center horizontal plane of stirrer, in addition, there is a peak value at the exit of mold. Molten steel recirculates at the cross section of the mold, and there are four recirculations forming in longitudinal section of the mold. In the strand, molten steel flowing from submerged entry nozzle collides with the upward recirculation flow, and the immerged depth of the stream reduces, that will be benefit for heat transfer of molten steel in mold. The distributions of electromagnetic field and flow field were affected by the intensity and frequency of exciting current.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bloom continuous casting",
            "Electromagnetic field",
            "Flow field",
            "Mold electromagnetic stirring",
            "Numerical simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bingzhi Ren",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Miaoyong Zhu",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongdan Wang",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Northeastern University China(Northeastern University,Northeastern Univ.),Shenyang,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Jinshu Xuebao/Acta Metallurgica Sinica",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "UOSCkmJF": {
        "id": "UOSCkmJF",
        "title": "Control for Concasting Bloom Quality of High Strength Weathering Steel YQ450NQR1",
        "abstract": "With optimized process measures such as decreasing mold cooling intensity,improving water distribution of mold board and narrow face,prolonging the length of secondary,cooling zones,properly increasing casting specific water flow rate and adjusting of water flow proportion of each secondary cooling zone,the quality of 360 mm×450 mm casting bloom of high strength weathering steel YQ450NQR1 obviously improved,the ratio of surface depression defect decreased from 37.13% to 2.87%,the ratio of center porosity rating≤1.0 increased from 79.71% to 90.70%,the ratio of center segregation rating≤0.5 increased from 1.45% to 44.19%,and the ratio of center crack free increased from 39.13% to 62.79%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Primary Cooling",
            "Bloom Concasting",
            "Secondary Cooling",
            "Weathering Steel",
            "Quality Control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang ; Department of Material Research,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Subo",
                "org": " Vanadium Recovery & Steelmaking Plant,Panzhihua New Steel & Vanadium Co Ltd,Panzhihua "
            },
            {
                "name": "Wu Guorong",
                "org": " Department of Material Research,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Special Steel",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "SLfwhCNE": {
        "id": "SLfwhCNE",
        "title": "Internal Quality Control of Continuously Cast Bloom for Heavy Rail Steel",
        "abstract": "The rail bloom central defects,such as central segregation and center looseness were severe during the initial production of the 6-strand bloom caster at Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group.Therefore,the key technologies for internal quality control of continuously cast bloom,such as dynamic soft reduction,M-EMS,secondary cooling scheme,casting speed and molten steel temperature mode were investigated.The operation shows that the bloom qualified rate achieves 99.97% of total blooms produced from CC,center looseness and central segregation and shrinkage cavity are ≤1.0,while,central crack and intercolumnar crack and corner crack are ≤0.5,and central segregation index of carbon is ≤1.05.Internal quality and mechanical performance of the rails produced from continuously cast blooms have met the requirement of high-speed 350 km/h tracks.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bloom continuous casting",
            "Dynamic soft reduction",
            "M-EMS",
            "Rail steel",
            "Secondary cooling scheme"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Materials and Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang ,Liaoning,China;Department ofMaterial Research,Panzhihua Iron and Steel Research Institute,Panzhihua ,Sichuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Su-bo",
                "org": "VanadiumRecovery and Steelmaking Plant,Panzhihua New Steel and Vanadium Co Ltd,Panzhihua ,Sichuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Iron and Steel Research",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "FWcQotyU": {
        "id": "FWcQotyU",
        "title": "Fishery biology of the jumbo flying squid dosidicus gigas off the exclusive economic zone of chilean waters | Biología pesquera de la pota gigante dosidicus gigas en aguas exteriores a la zona económica exclusiva de chile",
        "abstract": "The jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas is widely distributed in the eastern Pacific Ocean and supports an important fishery. Although many studies have been carried out on the biology of this species, limited biological information is available in the waters outside the Exclusive Economic Zone of Chile (EEZ) (20°S-41°S and 74°30'W-84°W). Three surveys were conducted in this area by the Chinese squid jigging vessels during the period from April 2006 to May 2008. The majority of the catch in the survey was from the two areas defined by 37°30'-41°S and 78°30'-80°W and by 25°-30°S and 76°-77°30'W. The sex ratio (M: F) of the catch was 1: 2.48. The mean mantle length (ML) was 376 mm for males with a range of 257-721 mm and 388.7 mm for females with a range of 236-837 mm. Two distinguished size classes, medium- and large-sized groups, were identified in this study with the medium-sized group (350-450 mm ML) consisting of 89% of the total catch. The sizes at first sexual maturity were 638 mm ML for females and 565 mm ML for males. This study suggests that all the individuals examined were hatched from March 2007 to February 2008, indicating that D. gigas might spawn all year around with a peak spawning time from November 2007 to January 2008. Most of the stomachs analyzed had food remains. The preys included three major groups: Fish (mainly lanternfish), cephalopods and crustaceans, but D. gigas was the dominant species in the stomach contents, showing strong evidence of cannibalism. The information obtained from this study improves our understanding of the fishery biology of D. gigas off Chile.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chile",
            "Dosidicus gigas",
            "Fishery biology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huajie Lu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiguo Qian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "IbjOBnpY": {
        "id": "IbjOBnpY",
        "title": "Identification of ecological structure and species relationships along an oceanographic gradient in the Gulf of Maine using multivariate analysis with bootstrapping",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Adrian Jordaan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David W. Townsend",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Sally Sherman",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "1WFqbnde": {
        "id": "1WFqbnde",
        "title": "Developing a size indicator for fish populations",
        "abstract": "SUMMARY: Monitoring temporal and/or spatial variations in fish size-at-age data can often provide fisheries managers with important information about the status of fish stocks and therefore help them identify necessary changes in management policies. However, due to the multivariate nature of size-at-age data, commonly used single-age-based approaches ignore covariance between sizes of different age groups. Different results may therefore be derived when evaluating temporal vari- ations using different age groups for the comparison. The possibility of atypical errors in size-at-age data due to ageing and measurement errors further complicates the comparison. We propose a two-step approach for developing an indicator for monitoring temporal and/or spatial variation in size-at-age data. A robust approach, minimum volume ellipsoid analysis, is used to identify possible outliers in size-at-age data. Then a weighted principal component analysis is applied to the data with the identified outliers down-weighted. An indicator is defined from the resultant principal components for monitoring tempo - ral/spatial variations in size-at-age data. We illustrate the proposed approach with size-at-age data for cod ( Gadus morhua) in the northwest Atlantic, NAFO subdivision 3Ps. The overall size-at-age indicator identified shows that the pre-1980 year classes tend to have a much higher size-at-age than the post-1980 year classes.",
        "keywords": [
            "principal component analysis",
            "robust",
            "size-at-age",
            "minimum volume ellipsoid analysis",
            "size indicator."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "YONG CHEN",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "XINJUN CHEN",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences and Technology|Shanghai Fisheries University"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIUXIONG XU",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences and Technology|Shanghai Fisheries University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Mz5qb45p": {
        "id": "Mz5qb45p",
        "title": "A simulation study to evaluate impacts of uncertainty on the assessment of American lobster fishery in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "The status of the American lobster (Homarus americanus) in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) has been assessed for the last two decades by comparing an estimated current fishing mortality rate for females ( Fcur) with a deterministi- cally estimated biological reference point, F10%. The most recent assessment determined that GOM had exceeded the F10% for every year calculated, although in this time landings and abundance have doubled. The current policy does not consider uncertainty in the assessment. This study evaluates the impacts of uncertainty in F10% and Fcur on the status assessment of lobster fishery. Using a Monte Carlo simulation approach, we found that the status assessment would be influenced by uncertainties in estimating F10% and Fcur, and by the choice of decision confidence level reflecting the level of risk managers would like to take. A large uncertainty in Fcur and F10% and a high decision confidence level re- duce the likelihood of defining the stock as overfished, and vice versa. Our results suggest that the probability of lob - ster overfishing may be less than previously thought, and that uncertainty in Fcur and F10% should be quantified and considered in determining the status of the GOM lobster stock. Résumé : Au cours des vingt dernières années, la comparaison du taux de mortalité des femelles dû à la pêche (Fcur )à une valeur de référence biologique (F10%) estimée de façon déterministe a permis d'évaluer l'état du stock de homards américains (Homarus americanus) du golfe du Maine (GOM). L'évaluation la plus récente indique que la population GOM a dépassé F10% pour chacune des années considérées, bien que durant cette période les débarquements et l'abondance aient doublé. La politique actuelle de gestion ne tient pas compte de l'incertitude associée à cette évalua- tion. Notre étude examine les effets de l'incertitude reliée à F10% et à Fcur sur l'évaluation de l'état de ce stock de homards. Une simulation de type Monte Carlo indique que l'évaluation pourrait être influencée par les incertitudes dans l'estimation de F10% et de Fcur et par le choix du niveau de confiance des décisions qui reflète le risque que les gestionnaires acceptent d'encourir. Une incertitude importante associée à F10% et à Fcur et un niveau de confiance élevée dans les décisions réduisent la probabilité de définir un stock comme surexploité, et vice versa. Nos résultats laissent croire que la probabilité qu'il y ait une surpêche des homards est moindre qu'on ne le croyait jusqu'à mainte- nant. Il est cependant important de calculer et de prendre en compte l'incertitude associée à F10% et à Fcur dans l'évaluation de l'état du stock de homards GOM. (Traduit par la Rédaction) Chen and Wilson 1403",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Carl Wilson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "f3wTTSD7": {
        "id": "f3wTTSD7",
        "title": "Metabolic and immune responses in Chinese mitten-handed crab (Eriocheir sinensis) juveniles exposed to elevated ambient ammonia.",
        "abstract": "The toxicity of ammonia to Eriocheir sinensis juveniles was determined. The 24 h-, 48 h-, 72 h-, 96 h-LC(50) values of total ammonia (TAN) were 251.68, 217.61, 156.05, and 119.67 mg L(-1), respectively. Following these results, crabs were then exposed for a 2-day period to 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg L(-1) TAN and sampled at 3, 6, 24 and 48 h for changes in metabolic parameters (including haemolymph ammonia concentration, glucose, lactate, urea, triacylglycerol, glutamine, and glutamate levels) and immunity indicators (the total of haemocyte count and superoxide dismutase activity). Results showed a distinct linear relationship between ambient ammonia and haemolymph ammonia and a notable increase in haemolymph ammonia content after ammonia exposure. Compared with the control group, lower concentration of triglycerides and significantly higher glucose, urea, and lactate level in haemolymph were observed when ambient ammonia increased. This suggested a reduced use of carbohydrates through anaerobic metabolism and an increase in the use of lipids to satisfy the metabolic demand. A significant surge of the ammonia metabolic product, glutamate, was observed after 3 h ammonia exposure, and the compensatory response to reduced glutamate was manifested by increased glutamine synthesis. During the same period, total haemocyte count decreased while ambient ammonia increased. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in haemolymph was stimulated by lower ambient ammonia concentration after short time exposure and depressed by higher ammonia concentration. Therefore, haemolymph ammonia accumulation resulted in an increase in energy demand and a depression in immune capacity. The mechanism to detoxification of ammonia may be to transform ammonia to urea and glutamine.",
        "keywords": [
            "immunity response",
            "metabolism response",
            "lethal concentration",
            "ammonia toxicity",
            "eriocheir sinensis",
            "satisfiability",
            "glutamate",
            "control group",
            "anaerobic metabolism",
            "immune response"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Meiling Hong",
                "org": "Department of Biology, Hainan Normal University, Hainan, Haikou, 571158, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liqiao Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjin Sun",
                "org": "Department of Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shunzhang Gu",
                "org": "Department of Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, 218 Libby Hall, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "LkezaQAc": {
        "id": "LkezaQAc",
        "title": "A stock assessment for  in Southwest Atlantic using an environmentally dependent surplus production model",
        "abstract": "The southern Patagonian stock (SPS) of Argentinian shortfin squid, , is an economically important squid fishery in the Southwest Atlantic. Environmental conditions in the region play an important role in regulating the population dynamics of the  population. This study develops an environmentally dependent surplus production (EDSP) model to evaluate the stock abundance of I. argentines during the period of 2000 to 2010. The environmental factors (favorable spawning habitat areas with sea surface temperature of 16–18°C) were assumed to be closely associated with carrying capacity (K) in the EDSP model. Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) values suggest that the estimated EDSP model with environmental factors fits the data better than a Schaefer surplus model without environmental factors under uniform and normal scenarios. The EDSP model estimated a maximum sustainable yield (MSY) from 351 600 t to 685 100 t and a biomass from 1 322 400 t to 1 803 000 t. The fishing mortality coefficient of  from 2000 to 2010 was smaller than the values of F0.1 and . Furthermore, the time series biomass plot of  from 2000 to 2010 shows that the biomass of  and this fishery were in a good state and not presently experiencing overfishing. This study suggests that the environmental conditions of the habitat should be considered within squid stock assessment and management.",
        "keywords": [
            "Illex argentinus",
            "stock assessment",
            "Schaefer surplus production model",
            "environmental factors",
            "Southwest Atlantic"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jintao Wang",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for National Distant-water Fisheries,Shanghai,ChinaSchool of Marine Sciences,University of Maine,Orono,USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,ChinaNational Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,ChinaKey Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources of Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for National Distant-water Fisheries,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin W. Staples",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences,University of Maine,Orono,USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences,University of Maine,Orono,USACollege of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Oceanologica Sinica",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "A7DjIvhv": {
        "id": "A7DjIvhv",
        "title": "Developing and evaluating a size‐structured stock assessment model for the American lobster, Homarus americanus, fishery",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "stock assessment",
            "population dynamic",
            "population biology",
            "simulation",
            "seasonality"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "minoru kanaiwa",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "carl wilson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "JVLl3SBW": {
        "id": "JVLl3SBW",
        "title": "Quality and Quantity of Fisheries Information in Stock Assessment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, 225 Libby Hall, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469"
            },
            {
                "name": "Harshana Rajakaruna",
                "org": "Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 0
    },
    "fCynWUCX": {
        "id": "fCynWUCX",
        "title": "Estimating biological reference points using individual-based per-recruit models for the Gulf of Maine American lobster, Homarus americanus, fishery",
        "abstract": "F 10% and F 0.1 are two fishing mortality-based biological reference points (BRPs) often used in evaluating the status of fisheries. The estimation of F 10% and F 0.1 may be straightforward for many fish species, but difficult for species like American lobster, Homarus americanus , because of its complex life history and management regulations. In this study, we developed seasonal sex-specific size-structured individual-based per-recruit models to estimate the BRPs for the American lobster in the Gulf of Maine. The impact on the BRP estimation of uncertainty in some key parameters was evaluated. This study shows the large difference in the BRP estimations when different stock biomass/abundance measures were used, thus implying the importance of knowing selectivity and potential pitfalls associated with these measures used in lobster stock assessment and management. A mismatch of stock biomass/abundance measures used in estimating BRPs and current fishing mortality might result in misinterpretation of stock status.",
        "keywords": [
            "f 10%",
            "per-recruit model",
            "individual-based model",
            "american lobster",
            "gulf of maine",
            "f 0.1",
            "biological reference point",
            "seasonality",
            "stock assessment",
            "life history"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuying Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 218 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Jay Chang",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 218 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "1wjnGazo": {
        "id": "1wjnGazo",
        "title": "The food web structure and ecosystem properties of a filter-feeding carps dominated deep reservoir ecosystem",
        "abstract": "An Ecopath model was constructed to describe the ecosystem of Lake Qiandaohu, a stock-enhanced large deep Chinese reservoir with silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ) and bighead carp ( Aristichthys nobilis ) dominated in its pelagic community. The food web structure and ecosystem property of the reservoir were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that there were seven trophic levels (TLs) in the system, with the trophic flows primarily occurring through the first four TLs. The food web structure of this ecosystem was characterized with a bulged intermediate trophic level, which was contrary to the wasp-waist food web structure occurred in most natural aquatic ecosystems. The corresponding trophic flow pattern showing by transfer efficiencies (TEs) between TLs indicated that the trophic flows primarily went through from TL I to II with a high TE (of over 50%) and through a flow loop or short cut between detritus and TL II but greatly reduced from TL II to III with a lowest TE of 2.5% due to the bulged biomass at TL II. The trophic flow loop greatly increased the throughput recycled, which, together with high connectance index (CI), system omnivory index (SOI), Finn's cycled index (FCI) and Finn's mean path length (FML), might be beneficial to the maintaining of ecosystem stability. Finally, ecosystem property indices showed that this reservoir had a high value of P p / R and P p / B , indicating this ecosystem of short history was immature, but highly productive. This silver carp and bighead carp dominated deep reservoir ecosystem had both the characteristics of high productivity of an immature ecosystem and the feature of high stability of a mature ecosystem.",
        "keywords": [
            "ecopath model hypophthalmichthys molitrix aristichthys nobilis stocking ecosystem properties trophic level trophic flow throughput lake qiandaohu",
            "trophic level",
            "trophic flow",
            "stocking",
            "aristichthys nobilis",
            "hypophthalmichthys molitrix",
            "ecosystem properties",
            "ecopath model",
            "throughput",
            "lake qiandaohu",
            "stock",
            "food web",
            "ecosystem stability",
            "ecosystem",
            "indexation",
            "reservoir",
            "aquatic ecosystem",
            "lac",
            "depth"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi-Gen Liu",
                "org": "College of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia-Le Li",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources and Aquacultural Ecology (AGRA), The Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Fisheries University, Shanghai 200090, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Qiao Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ecological Modelling",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "Magi1PKk": {
        "id": "Magi1PKk",
        "title": "A simulation study of impacts of at-sea discarding and bycatch on the estimation of biological reference points F0.1 and Fmax",
        "abstract": "F 0.1 and F max , estimated from age- or size-structured yield-per-recruit (YRP) analyses, are perhaps two of the most commonly used biological reference points in fisheries management. They are often used as management target (i.e., F 0.1 ) and threshold/limit ( F max ) under the context of precautionary management. The estimation of F 0.1 and F max can be influenced by parameters defining fish life history and fishing processes. Previous studies had evaluated many parameters that might influence the estimation of F 0.1 and F max . However, few studies had been done to evaluate impacts of at-sea discarding and bycatch on the estimation of F 0.1 and F max . Using data of the female Petrale sole ( Eopsetta jordani ) in the Oregon flatfish fishery as an example, we conducted a simulation study to evaluate how at-sea discarding and bycatch might influence the estimation of F 0.1 and F max . The results showed that failure to incorporating discarding and bycatch, when they existed, had little impacts on the precision estimates for the two biological reference points, but might cause serious over-estimation of F 0.1 and F max . This might consequently lead to overexploitation. The size-structured YPR analysis tended to be more sensitive to the variability in size-based processes such as discarding in the estimation of F 0.1 and F max . This study demonstrates that failure to considering at-sea discarding and bycatch in the estimation of F 0.1 and F max can have serious consequences to fisheries management and that such an impact on the estimation of F 0.1 and F max may be different for age- and size-structured YPR models.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bycatch",
            "yield-per-recruit",
            "at-sea discarding",
            "Yield-per-recruit",
            "bycatch",
            "f0.1",
            "At-sea discarding",
            "F max",
            "F 0.1",
            "fmax"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuxiong Xu",
                "org": "College of Marine Science and Technology, Shanghai Fisheries University, 334 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Science and Technology, Shanghai Fisheries University, 334 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojie Dai",
                "org": "College of Marine Science and Technology, Shanghai Fisheries University, 334 Jungong Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "YLSDLzu6": {
        "id": "YLSDLzu6",
        "title": "Assessing a stock assessment framework for the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus drobachiensisfishery in Maine, USA",
        "abstract": "A Bayesian stock assessment framework with a size-structured population dynamics model used to assess the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis , fishery in Maine, USA was evaluated, using a simulation approach, for its performance in describing sea urchin population dynamics under different recruitment dynamics and data quality. This study suggests that the current stock assessment model performs well in estimating key sea urchin fishery parameters such as exploitable stock biomass, total stock biomass, natural mortality, and fishing mortality under different simulation scenarios, and can capture the dynamics of the Maine sea urchin population. The recruitment dynamics of the sea urchin are likely to vary greatly with large changes occurring in its ecosystem. The finding that the current assessment framework is able to capture different patterns of recruitment dynamics implies that the current assessment framework will remain effective in future stock assessments of the Maine sea urchin fishery. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "strongylocentrotus drobachiensis",
            "maine",
            "green sea urchin",
            "fisheries management",
            "bayesian size-structured stock assessment framework",
            "simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Minoru Kanaiwaa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Margaret Hunter",
                "org": "Department of Marine Resources"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "JUWzuw7L": {
        "id": "JUWzuw7L",
        "title": "Habitat suitability analysis and identification of potential fishing grounds for swordfish, Xiphias gladius, in the South Atlantic Ocean",
        "abstract": "Swordfish, Xiphias gladius, is a highly migratory species of important commercial value and widely distributed in three oceans. Recently, the South Atlantic swordfish captured as by-catch in longline fisheries targeting tunas has contributed greatly to the overall Atlantic swordfish's landing. In this study, we have developed a habitat suitability index HSI model to examine the relationships between their spatio-temporal distribution and environmental factors and to identify potential fishing grounds for the swordfish in the South Atlantic Ocean using the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery data and remote-sensing oceanographic data for 1998–2007. All the environmental factors considered – sea surface temperature SST, mixed layer depth MLD, sea surface height anomaly SSHA, chlorophyll-a concentration CHA and ocean bathymetry BAH – were highly significant with most of the catch-per-unit-effort CPUE variation explained by SST. The most optimum habitat i.e. hotspot was found in the areas with SSTs of 27–28°C, SSHAs of −0.05 to 0.05 m, CHAs of 0.1–0.2 mg m−3 and BAHs of −4000 to −4500 m. The arithmetic mean model with five environmental variables was found to be the most appropriate according to the information theory based on the evaluation of different empirical HSI models in combination with different environmental factors. The bimonthly geographic information system maps of the predicted HSI values were cross-validated by the observed CPUE, suggesting that the model can be used as a tool for reliable prediction of potential fishing grounds. Because the distribution and relative abundance of swordfish are sufficiently heterogeneous in space and time, the output of this study could provide a scientific basis for time–area closures based management of this species.",
        "keywords": [
            "different environmental factor",
            "habitat suitability analysis",
            "xiphias gladius",
            "different empirical hsi model",
            "south atlantic swordfish",
            "environmental factor",
            "south atlantic ocean",
            "hsi value",
            "overall atlantic swordfish",
            "potential fishing ground",
            "environmental variable",
            "arithmetic mean model",
            "information theory",
            "remote sensing",
            "cross validation",
            "geographic information system",
            "sea surface temperature",
            "arithmetic mean",
            "relative abundance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yi-Jay Chang",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Lu Sun",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Su-Zan Yeh",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerard Dinardo",
                "org": "Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Honolulu, HI, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Remote Sensing - Pan Ocean Remote Sensing: Connecting Regional Impacts to Global Environmental Change",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "UKZDiTLr": {
        "id": "UKZDiTLr",
        "title": "Evaluating harvest control rules for bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) fisheries in the Indian Ocean",
        "abstract": "Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) support two of the most important fisheries in the Indian Ocean. However, there is little research evaluating harvest control rules (HCRs) for their management. In this study we evaluated four HCRs, 'knife-edged', 'linear', 'convex', and 'concave', for these two species. These four HCRs defined management rules for how annual fishing mortality should be adjusted based on perceived stock status. Fishing mortality was adjusted linearly, convexly and concavely for the 'linear', 'convex', and 'concave' HCRs, respectively when the current spawning stock biomass (SSB) was between the limit and target SSB-based biological reference points (BRPs). Two age-structured operating models were developed to simulate fisheries managed under these HCRs for a 25-year management period. Implementation and process errors, and uncertainties in key fisheries parameters were considered as sources of uncertainty in this study. All four HCRs were found to be effective in driving both stocks to the status defined by maximum sustainable yield-based BRPs. The 'knife-edged' HCR, which has constant fishing mortality but switches fishing mortality to 0 when stock biomass is below the limit SSB-based BRP, led to relatively poor performance. Our results indicate that a simulation study is needed to evaluate the performance of BRPs and HCRs in managing bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna fisheries in the Indian Ocean. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.",
        "keywords": [
            "bigeye tuna",
            "harvest control rule",
            "indian ocean",
            "yellowfin tuna"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuying Zhang",
                "org": "Florida International University(Florida International University,Florida Int Univ),Miami,United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine(University of Maine),Orono,United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangfeng Zhu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "y41LCACg": {
        "id": "y41LCACg",
        "title": "Evaluating habitat suitability indices derived from CPUE and fishing effort data for Ommatrephes bratramii in the northwestern Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "Neon flying squid ( Ommastrephes bartramii ) plays an important role in the pelagic ecosystem and is an international fishery resource with high commercial value in the North Pacific Ocean. The west stock of winter–spring cohort of this species is an important target for the squid-jigging vessels of Japan, Korea and China (including Taiwan). The squid has a life span of less than 12 months, and its population dynamics is heavily influenced by its environment. Thus, a good understanding of its interactions with the habitats, often quantified with a habitat suitability index (HSI) model, is critical in developing a sustainable fishery. In this study, using the Chinese commercial squid-jigger fishery data and corresponding environmental variables we conducted HSI modeling to evaluate the habitat of the west stock of winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. We compared catch per unit effort (CPUE) and fishing effort data in HSI modeling. This study suggests that the CPUE-based HSI model tends to overestimate the ranges of optimal habitats and under-estimate monthly variations in the spatial distribution of optimal habitats. We conclude that a fishing effort-based HSI model performs better in defining optimal habitats for neon flying squid. According to the fishing-effort-based HSI model, the optimal ranges of the following key habitat variables are defined: from 16.6 to 19.6 °C for SST, from 5.8 to 12 °C for temperature at depths of 35 m, from 3.4 to 4.8 °C for temperature at depth of 317 m, from 33.10 to 33.55 psu for SSS and from −20 cm to −4 cm for SLH. Keywords Ommatrephes bratramii Habitat suitability index Northwestern Pacific Ocean CPUE Fishing effort Optimal habitats 1 Introduction The ecosystem-based fisheries exploitation, assessment and management have been increasingly adopted in the world ( FAO, 2003; Pauly et al., 2002 ). Fish habitat is an essential ingredient for the ecosystem-based fisheries management ( Minns, 1997 ). A good understanding of fish habitats and their interactions with fish population dynamics is thus critical ( Hayes et al., 1996; Naiman and Latterell, 2005 ). In most studies of fish habitat, fisheries-independent data (scientific survey data) are used to describe the distribution and abundance of a species over a defined spatial and temporal scale ( Perry, 1994; Olivier et al., 2003 ). These data are then used to evaluate the habitats of fish in association with ecological variables that are identified to have direct/indirect impacts on the distribution of the species that are usually considered as key variables in evaluating fish habitat. Fisheries-independent data tend to provide representative and precise information of fish population because they are usually collected with a standard gear under a standard sampling protocol on a defined spatial and/or temporal scale ( Stelzenmuller et al., 2005 ). However, they may lack enough spatial and temporal coverage of the area in which fishery resources distribute due to their infrequency and inherent sampling (i.e., sampling in the same way over a long time period) as a result of high costs ( Pedro, 2006 ). An evaluation of fish habitat needs to rely on historical information ( Dettmers et al., 2002 ), which may not be available from fisheries-independent surveys. Commercial fisheries data, especially large-scale fisheries, are readily available ( Hilborn and Walters, 1992 ). Catch and effort data from a commercial fishery had been used to develop habitat suitability models ( Morris and Ball, 2006 ). Although problems, such as quality and representation of data, may exist in commercial fisheries data, fisheries scientists and managers have increasingly used them for habitat studies ( Maurstad, 2002 ). In most habitat studies involving commercial fisheries data, the data are usually grouped in a specific grid or lattice by month, season or year and fish distribution with respect to efforts is assumed to be random on such a spatio-temporal scale ( Morris and Ball, 2006 ). Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of a given spatio-temporal scale is analyzed in relation to environmental variables to evaluate fish habitat. In this case commercial CPUE is implicitly used as a relative abundance index which is assumed to be proportional to stock abundance ( Chen et al., 2008a, b ). Commercial fisheries CPUE is not always a reliable abundance index ( Pedro, 2006 ). Fishermen tend to target areas where they know fish are distributed. This results in non-random distribution of fishing efforts with respect to fish distribution with fishing vessels being concentrated in the areas of high fish abundance but seldom in the areas of low abundance. Catchability is likely to improve over time because of advancement in fishing technology. Thus, CPUE values might be a biased indicator of spatial and temporal variations of fish population ( Hilborn and Walters, 1992 ). Some studies suggested that fishing effort may provide a better indication of fish abundance than CPUE ( Gillis et al., 1993; Rijnsdorp et al., 2000; Swain and Wade, 2003 ). The use of fishing effort as abundance index is, however, much less common than CPUE in fisheries, and few studies were done to compare them in indexing fish population abundance. Habitat suitability index (HSI) models are widely used as a tool in fisheries management, ecological impact assessments and ecological restoration studies ( US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1981; Duel et al., 1996; Gore and Hamilton, 1996; Brooks, 1997; Maddock, 1999 ). The HSI models usually describe the relations between fish abundance and ecological variables, and then estimate the level of habitat suitability. The suitability is depicted as an HSI score ranging from 0 to 1, representing “poor” to “good” habitat quality, respectively ( US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1981 ). Outputs produced from HSI modeling can predict the spatio-temporal variation of fish habitat conditions and can be used in combination with GIS technology to provide maps and information upon which managers can make informed decisions in fisheries management ( Terrel, 1984; Bovee and Zuboy, 1988 ). Neon flying squid ( Ommastrephes bartramii ) is a large oceanic squid distributed in temperate and sub-tropical waters of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans ( Murata, 1990 ). In the North Pacific, this species plays an important role in the pelagic ecosystem and is an international fishery resource with high commercial value ( Seki, 1993 ). Four stocks of neon flying squid are defined in the North Pacific Ocean, i.e., west stock of the winter–spring cohort, central-east stock of the winter–spring cohort, central stock of the fall cohort and east stock of the fall cohort ( Mori, 1997; Nagasawa et al., 1998; Yatsu et al., 1998 ). Since 1993, the west stock of winter–spring cohort is the main target stock for the squid-jigging vessels of Japan, Korea and China (including Taiwan) yielding annual landings from 80 to 120 thousands tones ( Chen et al., 2007 ). There have been more than 300 Chinese squid-jigging vessels exploiting this squid species every year since 1995. The fishing methods are jigging incorporated into attracting lamps, thus there is no bycatch in this fishery and no size restrictions established by any international or regional organizations ( Chen et al., 2008a,b ). Moreover, the main fishing activities during a fishing season from June to November occurred on the feeding ground where the squids are maturing ( Chen et al., 2008a,b ). The sustainable exploitation and management of neon flying squid is beneficial to the ecosystem in the North Pacific Ocean ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ). However, this cannot be achieved without a good understanding of habitats of the squid stock. In this study, using data collected in the Chinese commercial squid-jigger fishery we used both CPUE and fishing effort as abundance indices in developing the HSI models for neon flying squid in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. We then compared the performance of CPUE-based HSI and fishing-effort-based HSI models in identifying optimal habitats for neon flying squid. Using the HSI model identified in the comparative study, we identified optimal habitats and quantified the optimal ranges of environmental variables critical in defining neon flying squid habitats in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. 2 Materials and methods 2.1 Study area The west stock of the winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid is mainly distributed in the region west of 170°E ( Bower and Ichii, 2005 ) in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. However, marine environment of west of 165°E is different from the environment of east of 165°E because of differences in the levels of influences by the branch of Kuroshio ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ), which is the Japanese translation of “Black Tide”. The Kuroshio is a strong western boundary current in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It begins off the east coast of Taiwan and flows northeastward past Japan, where it merges with the easterly drift of the North Pacific Current. Most catch of commercial squid-jigging vessels came from the west of 165°E. So the study area was set in the west of 165°E which is from 145° to 165°E along the longitudinal direction. Moreover, there is a transition zone (TZ) situated between the sub-tropical front and the sub-arctic front, and the neon flying squid is considered to inhabit this zone and not beyond the fronts ( Roden, 1991 ). The TZ determines that the distribution of the squid is centered within a small area (less than 10° in latitude; Chen and Tian, 2005 ). Thus, we limited our study area from 38°N to 45°N along the latitudinal direction based on the distribution of TZ. This study area is the main feeding ground for the west stock of the winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid in summer ( Murata and Nakamura, 1998; Yatsu et al., 1998 ). 2.2 Commercial fisheries data Commercial fisheries data of neon flying squid were collected from July to September during 1998 to 2006 in the study area defined above (Chinese Squid-jigging Technology Group). The data include the dates of fishing, fishing locations (longitude and latitude), number of fishing vessel operated per day, and vessel daily catch. The largest grid of data reporting required by the Chinese Far-sea Fisheries Association is 0.5° × 0.5°. Some vessels recorded and reported their catch daily with fishing locations and timing, and some vessels recorded daily, but only reported the records monthly with the largest spatial grid. Thus, to facilitate the compilation of data reported on different spatial and temporal scales, the fisheries data were grouped in the spatio-temporal scales of 0.5° × 0.5° and month for the analysis in this study. 2.3 Environmental data Previous studies suggested that abundance of neon flying squid was related to marine environmental variables such as sea surface salinity (SSS; Chen and Chiu, 1999; Fan, 2004 ), sea level height (SLH; Fan, 2004 ) and sea surface temperature (SST; Yatsu and Watanabe, 1996; Chen and Tian, 2005 ). Moreover, neon flying squid experience vertical diel movement, inhabiting water depths of 0–40 m during night and 150–350 m during day time ( Murata and Nakamura, 1998; Tanaka, 1999 ). Consequently, SSS, SST, SLH, temperature at the depths of 35 m and 317 m (which reflects temperature of main habitats for the squid in night and day, respectively) were selected as environmental variables. These environmental data were acquired from the IRI/LDEO Climate Data Library ( http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu ). The spatio-temporal scales of these environmental data were 0.5° × 0.5° and month. 2.4 Data processing The monthly CPUE in the fishing grid of 0.5° × 0.5° was calculated as: (1) CPUE = ∑ catch ∑ fishing days where ∑ catch is the sum of catch for all the fishing vessels within a fishing grid, and ∑ fishing days is the sum of all fishing days of all fishing vessels within the fishing grid. Fishing efforts were calculated for each month as the total fishing vessel days within the fishing grid of 0.5° × 0.5°. All environmental data were grouped by the 0.5° × 0.5° of grid for each month, consistent with the spatial and temporal scales used for the fisheries data. Based on previous studies ( Gillis et al., 1993; Swain and Wade, 2003; Maunder and Punt, 2004 ), both CPUE and fishing effort were used as abundance indices in developing HSI models in this study. Consequently, two HSI models were developed: CPUE-based HSI model and fishing-effort-based HSI model. The performance of these two models was evaluated and compared in identifying optimal habitats for the neon flying squid. 2.5 Habitat suitability index model For each habitat variable (environmental factor), we first set up two models to describe the relationships between the habitat variable and CPUE and between the habitat variable and fishing effort. The models were converted into suitability index (SI) which is continuous and has values ranging from 0 to 1.0. For the SI model, the response variable was CPUE or fishing effort, depending on which variable was used as squid abundance index in HSI modeling, and the environmental factor was taken as explanatory variable. Both CPUE and effort were assumed lognormal distributions in all SI models. Spline smooth regression method (S-plus 6.2 was used to implement this analysis) was applied in the SI models. For the CPUE-based HSI model, we designated the area with the highest CPUE as optimal habitat and correspondingly the area with the lowest CPUE as poor habitat. For the fishing-effort-based HSI model, the areas with the highest and lowest fishing efforts were assigned as optimal and poor habitats, respectively. Thus, SI of each environmental variable was calculated as: (2) SI = Y fit − min   Y fit max   Y fit − min   Y fit where Y fit is the predicted value of CPUE or fishing effort, depending on which one is used as abundance index, in the spline smooth regression, min Y fit and max Y fit are, respectively, the minimum and maximum CPUEs or fishing efforts of all predicted CPUEs or fishing efforts. The SI-CPUE and SI effort represent SIs derived, respectively, from using CPUE and effort as abundance indices in data analysis. The range of each environmental variable corresponding to the SI values of larger than 0.6 was assumed to be the optimal range for neon flying squid in the analysis of SI-CPUE and SI-effort data. The SI values of each variable were combined for developing HSI models. Two HSI models were developed, one used CPUE as abundance index and was referred to as the HSI-CPUE model, and the other used fishing effort as abundance index and was referred to as the HSI-effort model. For lack of other information about the relative importance of different environmental variables for large-scale habitats of neon flying squid, we selected an empirical HSI model, geometric mean model (GMM; Chris et al., 2002 ), which gives all variables an equal weight in HSI modeling. The GMM can be written as: (3) HSI = ∏ i = 1 5 S I i 5 where i is environmental variables including SST, temperature at the depth of 35 m, temperature at the depth of 317 m, SSS and SLH ( i = 1, 2,…,5). 2.6 Model validation Fisheries and corresponding environmental data from 1998 to 2004 were applied to construct HSI models (HSI-CPUE and HSI-effort models). Environmental data in both 2005 and 2006 were used to as inputs in the HSI-CPUE and HSI-effort models to estimate the spatial distribution of HSI, respectively. The spatial distribution of HSI values predicted from the models was mapped for different months and different years. The predicted HSI values were then compared with the observed catch data to evaluate the performance of the HSI-CPUE and HSI-effort models. 3 Results 3.1 Suitability index of each environmental variable The statistical analysis of SI for each environmental variable was shown in Table 1 . They were all significant ( p < 0.01) and the correlation coefficients of the spline smooth regression models ranged from 0.58 to 0.97. The fitting of SI-effort model was found better than the fitting of the SI-CPUE model for each environmental variable ( Table 1 ). For a given environmental variable, different optimal ranges were identified for neon flying squid when the SI-CPUE model and SI-effort model were used ( Fig. 1 ). For SST, the SI-CPUE and SI-effort models showed similar trends ( Fig. 1 a), but the optimal range of SST was from 13.6 to 22.8 °C for the SI-CPUE model and from 16.6 to 19.6 °C for the SI-effort model. Estimated optimal ranges of temperature at the depths of 35 m and 317 m were different using the SI-CPUE and SI-effort models ( Fig. 1 b and c). The optimal ranges of temperature at depth of 35 m derived from the SI-CPUE and SI-effort models were from 0.2 to 12 °C and 5.8 to 12 °C, respectively ( Fig. 1 b). For temperature at depth of 317 m, the optimal ranges derived from the SI-CPUE and SI-effort models differed, from 2.8 to 5.2 °C and from 3.4 to 4.8 °C, respectively ( Fig. 1 c). For environmental variable SSS, the SI values also showed differences between the SI-CPUE and SI-effort models ( Fig. 1 d). The optimal ranges of SSS were from 32.70 to 33.75 psu for the SI-CPUE model and from 33.10 to 33.55 psu for the SI-effort model. For SLH, the optimal ranges derived from the SI-CPUE and SI-effort models were from −34 cm to −2 cm and −20 cm to −4 cm, respectively ( Fig. 1 e). 3.2 Comparing HSI-CPUE and HSI-effort models The average HSI of each grid from 1998 to 2004 were calculated by using the GMM based on the SI values of each environmental variable. The HSI values derived from the HSI-CPUE model tend to be larger than those derived from the HSI-effort models ( Fig. 2 ). This implies that suitable habitats for this squid derived from the HSI-CPUE tend to be larger than those derived from the HSI-effort model. This could also be seen from the HSI maps estimated from both the HSI-CPUE and HSI-effort models in both 2005 and 2006 ( Fig. 3 a–d ). The area with HSI values of higher than 0.6 (i.e., optimal area) was much larger for the HSI-CPUE model than for the HSI-effort model. The percentage of landing and average CPUE in each stratum of HSI (with an interval of 0.1) are presented in Table 2 . Over 90% of both catch and fishing effort occurred in the strata with the HSI value larger than 0.6 for the HSI-CPUE model, and the corresponding CPUE was between 1.55 and 2.55 (tons per fishing vessel day). In contrast, the CPUE was between 0 and 1.67 (tons per fishing vessel day) for the strata with the HSI values less than 0.6. From the HSI-effort model, 60.9% of catch and 67.2% of fishing effort occurred in the strata with HSI values higher than 0.6, and the average CPUE was between 2.15 and 2.7 (tons per fishing vessel day). When the HSI value yielded from the HSI-effort model was less than 0.6, the average CPUE was between 1.35 and 2.08 (tons per fishing vessel day). For the stratum with the HSI value less than 0.6, the percentage of the total catch and total fishing effort derived from the HSI-effort model was more than those derived from the HSI-CPUE model. 3.3 Validating habitat suitability models The GIS maps of catch and HSI values estimated from the HSI-CPUE and HSI-effort models were produced using the kriging interpolation (Arcgis 9.0 was used to implement this analysis) for summer (July–September) in both 2005 and 2006 based on the observed environmental data ( Fig. 3 ). An examination of the relationships between catch and HSI values revealed that the majority of catch occurred in areas where both the HSI-CPUE and HSI-effort models yielded high HSI values. According to the HSI-CPUE model, most study area was defined as the optimal area for neon flying squid each month. However, according to the HSI-effort model, the optimal area for this squid was mainly in the area from 41° to 43°N along the latitudinal direction ( Fig. 3 ). 4 Discussion The HSI-CPUE modeling results show that almost 90% of catch was from the area for which the HSI values were over 0.6, while according to the HSI-effort model, 60% of catch was from the area with the HSI values higher than 0.6. The HSI-CPUE model seems to be more optimistic than HSI-effort model in predicting optimal habitats. The maps of seasonal HSI values in both 2005 and 2006 show that almost all the study area was classified as optimal habitats based on the HSI-CPUE model. This might be due to the fact that fishermen opted to fish in the area where they can make higher profits. They tend to move to other places immediately if they are not satisfied with their catch rates at a location or if they believe they can greatly improve their catch rate in another location ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ). Thus, CPUE of a fishing vessel is likely to be maintained above a certain level with which fishermen are able to make a profit ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ). This implies that CPUE may not decrease proportionally with a declining population. In fact many studies have suggested that CPUE may increase or remain constant with the declining populations in some fisheries (e.g., Mackinson et al., 1997; Rose and Kulka, 1999 ). Thus, it is not surprising to see that the HSI-CPUE model yielded more optimistic results about optimal habitats in this study. Commercial fisheries CPUE is usually calculated as a ratio of total catch and total effort in a fishing grid in a defined time period (e.g., monthly). This implicitly assumes that the distribution of fishing effort is random with respect to the distribution of fish within the defined spatial grid if the CPUE is used to index fish abundance ( Pedro, 2006 ). Many oceanic fish species such as neon flying squid in this study tend to move and are not likely to stay steadily in one place within the time scale defined for the CPUE calculation (e.g., month). The fishing vessels are unlikely to fish in the same grid for long (e.g., 1 month). The short fishing time and changes in fish abundance on fishing grounds may result in CPUE overestimating fish abundance in an area with few fishing days. The spatio-temporal distribution of fishing effort usually reflects the level of concentration of fishing vessels and the fact that fishermen are satisfied with their catch rates in a commercial fishery ( Pedro, 2006 ). Fishing vessels are likely to leave when the production is low. Thus, an area with more fishing vessels implies that the production is good, suggesting a high abundance in the area. In this case, fishing effort might be a better abundance index than CPUE ( Gillis et al., 1993; Swain and Wade, 2003 ). This might be true for this study because of time scales (i.e., month) used in the collection of catch and effort data in the squid fishery. However, if we used day as time unit, CPUE might be an appropriate abundance index because the short time unit used would solve the problem about the movement of both squid and fishing effort in this study. However, like many other studies because of various limitations in financial and manpower resources, the fine temporal scale is impossible for data collection, and we have to use month as time unit for collecting commercial fisheries data. For such fisheries, efforts should be considered as a potential abundance index. The SI models, which consider one environmental variable at a time, can yield optimal habitats for neon flying squid in this study. The optimal habitats derived from the SI-effort model were similar to those derived in some previous studies (e.g., Chen, 1997; Chen and Chiu, 1999; Fan, 2004 ) that were based on fisheries-independent survey data. However, the optimal habitats derived from the SI-CPUE were more optimistic than those defined in other studies ( Chen, 1997; Fan, 2004; Chen and Tian, 2005 ). This is consistent with findings in the literature ( Hilborn and Walters, 1992 ) that CPUE may be positively biased as an abundance index, suggesting that the CPUE may not be an ideal abundance index for the habitat analyses of this squid. The SI values were derived from Eq. (2) . With this equation, we designate the area with the highest CPUE or fishing effort (depending on which measure is used as abundance indicator) as optimal habitat and correspondingly the area with the lowest CPUE or fishing effort as poor habitat, and their SI values were 1 (optimal) and 0 (poor), respectively. For instance a temperature of 10 °C at 35 m has an SI of almost 1, means the highest CPUE occurred when the temperature is 10 °C at 35 m, similarly with a salinity of 32.5. A high individual SI does not necessarily mean a high HSI for which was incorporated the five individual SIs and these individual SIs were not in equilibrium. The input of HSI model depends on the results of SI of each environmental variable. The SI models of environmental variables are usually obtained based on their statistical significance in influencing fish abundance, expert opinions and/or empirical knowledge ( Vincenzi et al., 2007 ). Different methods used in processing SI models can result in different results from the HSI modeling ( Chen et al., 2008a,b ). Moreover, different structures of HSI models also add uncertainties. Aside from the GMM model used in this study, other models which integrate the SI into the HSI model include arithmetic mean model ( Hess and Bay, 2000 ), mean model ( Chris et al., 2002 ), minimum model ( Guda et al., 2006 ) and other models for which different weights are assigned for different environmental variables in HSI modeling ( Michael et al., 1987 ). One of the focuses of this study is to compare CPUE and fishing effort of a commercial fishery in evaluating HSI. We did not compare different forms of HSI models in this study. The GMM was used as the HSI model in this study because it is commonly used in modeling HSI ( Chris et al., 2002 ) and we do not have enough information to assign different weights to different environmental variables. The selection of type and number of environmental variables for the inclusion in the HSI modeling is critical in successful identification of optimal habitats. The inclusion of environmental variables that are insignificant in influencing fish spatial distribution and or the inclusion of too many variables may confound the results of HSI modeling. Terrel (1984) suggest that this type of model often works better with less model parameters. In this study, we included five environmental variables that had been found significant in influencing the spatial distribution of the neon flying squid based on previous studies ( Yatsu and Watanabe, 1996; Chen and Chiu, 1999; Fan, 2004; Chen and Tian, 2005; Wang and Chen, 2005 ). However, it is likely that there are other variables that may influence the spatial distribution of the squid but are not included in the HSI model in this study. We analyzed the HSI of neon flying squid in summer. This is the time for which the study area is feeding grounds for this species ( Murata and Nakamura, 1998 ). Because this squid has a short span life (only 1 year) and makes a seasonal migration in a south–north direction ( Yatsu et al., 1997; Bower and Ichii, 2005 ), the spatio-temporal distribution of the abundance of this species would change quickly from time to time in a given site. This implies that variations of spatial distribution of the abundance were larger along the latitudinal direction than along the longitudinal direction and that the monthly abundance was also changed greatly. Moreover, in the North Pacific Ocean, there is a TZ that is situated between sub-tropical front and the sub-arctic front, and the neon flying squid is considered to inhabit this zone and not beyond the fronts ( Roden, 1991 ). The TZ is also subject to the seasonal movement. The distribution variation of neon flying squid along latitudes may result from seasonal changes in TZ ( Roden, 1991 ). Thus, the spatial distribution of the habitats for this squid changed monthly which can be seen in the previous studies ( Fan, 2004; Chen and Tian, 2005 ). From the GIS maps of the optimal habitats (i.e., an area with a high HSI) for the squid from July to September in 2005, the monthly optimal habitats clearly change along the latitudinal direction from July to August based on the HSI-effort model (left part of Fig. 3 e). However, this monthly change is not clear in the HSI maps derived from the HSI-CPUE model because its optimal habitats cover almost all the study area (right part of Fig. 3 e). The HSI-effort model is more appropriate than the HSI-CPUE model in predicting the optimal habitat for the neon flying squid. From this study, we conclude that when commercial fisheries data are used fishing effort-based HSI model performs better than CPUE-based HSI model in defining optimal habitats for the neon flying squid. According to the fishing-effort-based HSI model, the optimal ranges of the following key habitat variables are defined: from 16.6 to 19.6 °C for SST, from 5.8 to 12 °C for temperature at depths of 35 m, from 3.4 to 4.8 °C for temperature at depth of 317 m, from 33.10 to 33.55 psu for SSS and from −20 cm to −4 cm for SLH. Such information can be used in identifying key habitats for the neon flying squid and help fishermen locate optimal fishing grounds. This can reduce search time. The recommendation of using effort as potential abundance index in such an analysis also provides an alternative approach for other fisheries with similar biology and data collection program. Acknowledgments We thank the Chinese squid-jigging technology group for providing fisheries data, and IRI/LDEO Climate Data Library of Columbia University for providing the environmental data. 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Nakamura Seasonal migration and diel vertical migration of the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii , in the North Pacific T. Okutani Contributed Papers to International Symposium on Large Pelagic Squids 1998 Japan Marine Fishery Resources Research Center Tokyo 13 30 Nagasawa et al., 1998 K. Nagasawa J. Mori H. Okamura Parasites as biological tags of stocks of neon flying squid ( Ommastrephes bartramii ) in the North Pacific Ocean T. Okutani Contributed Papers to International Symposium on Large Pelagic Squids 1998 Japan Marine Fishery Resources Research Center Tokyo 49 64 Naiman and Latterell, 2005 R.J. Naiman J.J. Latterell Principles for linking fish habitat to fisheries management and conservation J. Fish. Biol. 67 2005 166 185 Olivier et al., 2003 L.P. Olivier C. Florence M. Stéphanie L. Pascal G. Daniel D. 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Sub arctic–subtropical transition zone of the North Pacific: large-scale aspects and musicale structure. NONA Technical Report. NYMPHS 105, pp. 1–38. Rose and Kulka, 1999 G.A. Rose D.W. Kulka Hyper aggregation of fish and fisheries: how catch-per-unit-effort increased as the northern cod ( Gauds morgue ) declined Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 56 Suppl. 1 1999 118 127 Seki, 1993 M.P. Seki The role of neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii , in the North Pacific pelagic food web Bull. Int. North Pacific Fish. Comm. 53 1993 207 215 Stelzenmuller et al., 2005 V. Stelzenmuller S. Ehrich G.P. Zauke Effect of survey scale and water depth on the assessment of spatial distribution patterns of selected fish in the northern North Sea showing different levels of aggregation Mar. Biol. Res. 1 2005 375 387 Swain and Wade, 2003 D.P. Swain E.J. Wade Spatial distribution of catch and effort in a fishery for snow crab ( Chionoecetes opilio ): tests of predictions of the ideal free distribution Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 60 2003 897 909 Tanaka, 1999 Tanaka, H., 1999. Tracking the neon flying squid by the bioelemetry system, and applying its results to the stock assessment. Heisei 10 nendo ikarui shigen kenkyuu kaigi houkoku (Report of the 1998 Meeting on Squid Resources). Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, Kushiro, pp. 31–39 (in Japanese). Terrel, 1984 Terrel, J.W., 1984. Biological Report 85 (6). In: Proceedings of the Workshop: Fish Habitat Suitability Index Models, US Fish and Wildlife Service. US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1981 US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1981. Standards for the development of habitat suitability index models, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Release No. 1–81. 103 ESM. Vincenzi et al., 2007 S. Vincenzi G. Caramori R. Rossi A.D.L. Giulio A comparative analysis of three habitat suitability models for commercial yield estimation of Tapes philippinarum in a North Adriatic coastal lagoon ( Sacca di Goro , Italy) Mar. Pollut. Bull. 55 2007 579 590 Wang and Chen, 2005 Y.G. Wang X.J. Chen Oceanic Economical Ommastrphidae Squids and Their Fisheries in the World 2005 Ocean Press of China pp. 124–155 (in Chinese) Yatsu and Watanabe, 1996 A. Yatsu T. Watanabe Interannual variability in neon flying squid abundance and oceanographic conditions in the central North Pacific, 1982–1992 Bull. Nat. Res. Inst. Far Sea. Fish 33 1996 123 138 Yatsu et al., 1997 A. Yatsu S. Midorikawa T. Shimada Y. Uozumi Age and growth of the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii , in the North Pacific Ocean Fish. Res. 29 1997 257 270 Yatsu et al., 1998 A. Yatsu H. Tanaka J. Mori Population structure of the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii , in the North Pacific T. Okutani Contributed Papers to International Symposium on Large Pelagic Squids 1998 Japan Marine Fishery Resources Research Center Tokyo 31 48",
        "keywords": [
            "cpue",
            "fishing effort",
            "habitat suitability index",
            "northwestern pacific ocean",
            "ommatrephes bratramii",
            "optimal habitats",
            "life span",
            "population dynamic"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Oceanic Fisheries Resources Exploitation, 334 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuxiong Xu",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Oceanic Fisheries Resources Exploitation, 334 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojie Dai",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Oceanic Fisheries Resources Exploitation, 334 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "iH2M2mqi": {
        "id": "iH2M2mqi",
        "title": "A comparative study of American lobster fishery sea and port sampling programs in Maine: 1998–2000",
        "abstract": "The American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) supports the most valuable commercial fishery in the northeast United States. The fishery is critical to the Maine economy and society. To better manage this fishery, the Maine Department of Marine Resources has established two fishery-dependent sampling programs: sea sampling and port sampling. This, however, raises a question of consistency in describing the lobster fishery using data collected from the two programs. Using data from 1998 to 2000, we evaluated the consistency in size composition and catch per unit of effort (cpue) between the sea and port sampling programs. The strength of the statistical correlations between the two sampling programs varied depending upon the measure of cpue, the year, and whether time or area was the comparison variable. The overall pattern that emerged was a stronger relationship between sea and port sampling data over time from 1998 to 2000, implying the two sampling programs were consistent in describing temporal variations in cpue. However, mean yearly county cpue estimates showed significant differences between the two programs in all 3 years, suggesting an inconsistency in describing spatial variations in cpue between the two programs. Size composition reported by the two programs was very similar with significant differences in only 3 months out of the 21 tested. This study suggests that either program should be sufficient in monitoring temporal trends of the lobster fishery.",
        "keywords": [
            "american lobster",
            "catch per unit effort",
            "size composition",
            "data consistency",
            "sampling program",
            "spatial variation",
            "data collection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kevin Scheirer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 216 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Carl Wilson",
                "org": "Maine Department of Marine Resources, P.O. Box 8, West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "bLcY2hbh": {
        "id": "bLcY2hbh",
        "title": "Incorporating uncertainty into the estimation of the biological reference points F0.1 and Fmax for the Maine green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) fishery",
        "abstract": "The status of the Maine green sea urchin ( Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis ) fishery has not been quantitatively determined, despite its commercial importance and declining stock abundances. The high levels of natural variability in the population, and the uncertainty implicit in all fisheries, make it essential to determine probabilistic estimates of current fishing mortality rate and biological reference points for a reliable stock assessment. We used a Monte Carlo simulation approach to investigate how uncertainties associated with yield per recruit parameter estimation would affect F 0.1 and F max and to identify their impacts on the determination of stock status. We found that higher levels of uncertainty increased variation in F 0.1 and F max estimates, which translated to a decrease in the probability that the fishery was defined as overfished. F 0.1 was considered more appropriate as a target biological reference point, but the probability that the fishery would be defined as overfished varied by confidence level and the magnitude of uncertainty. We suggest that further investigations into other reference points be conducted before final selection and implementation of a management target for the Maine sea urchin fishery.",
        "keywords": [
            "Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis",
            "Uncertainty",
            "Biological reference points",
            "Green sea urchin fishery",
            "Yield per recruit"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Robert Grabowski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 214 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "4lt6mYIP": {
        "id": "4lt6mYIP",
        "title": "An assessment of the west winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "In the Northwest Pacific, the squid jigging fisheries targeted the west winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid ( Ommastrephes bartramii ) from August to November. Total annual catch by the Chinese mainland squid jigging fleet during 2000–2005 ranged from 64,100 to 104,200 t. The unique life history of this squid species makes the use of traditional age- or length-structured models difficult in evaluating the effect of intensive commercial jigging on this stock. We fitted a modified depletion model to the Chinese jigging fisheries data to estimate the squid stock abundance during 2000–2005. Monthly biological data were randomly sampled from the five squid jigging vessels during the fishing seasons. Effects of using different natural mortality rates ( M ) and three different error assumptions were evaluated in fitting the depletion model. Based on sensitivity analyses, the log-normal error model was found to be preferred for the squid assessment. The assessment results indicated that the initial (pre-fishing season) annual population sizes ranged from 199 to 704 million squid with the M value of 0.03–0.10 during 2000–2005. The proportional escapement ( M = 0.03–0.10) for different fishing seasons over the time period of 2000–2005 ranged from 15.3% (in 2000) to 69.9% (in 2001), with an average of 37.18%, which was close to the management target of 40%. Thus, the current fishing mortality of the squid jigging fishery was considered to be sustainable. We inferred its annual maximum allowable catch ranging from 80,000 to 100,000 t. This study suggests that the modified depletion model provides an alternative method for assessing short-lived species such as O. bartramii . Keywords Ommastrephes bartramii Stock assessment Depletion model Northwest Pacific Ocean 1 Introduction The neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii , is an important oceanic squid widely distributed in the North Pacific ( Roper et al., 1984 ), and has been exploited commercially by the Japanese squid jigging boats since 1974 and later by South Korea and Taiwan provinces of China. In 1993, Chinese mainland started to make an exploratory fishing to investigate the resource and fishing ground of O. bartramii in waters of 38°N–42°N and 145°–150°E, and further extended eastwards to 175°W in 1999 ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ). Chinese squid jigging boats often fished in the waters of 170°E–175°W during June and July, and shifted to waters west of 165°E during August to November. The annual catch of squid caught by the Chinese squid jigging vessels ranged from 80,000 to 124,000 t during 2000–2005 ( Chen et al., 2007 ), and the catch from the waters of 150°–165°E comprised of 75% to 84% of the total catch ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ). O. bartramii might be separated into four stocks ( Bower and Ichii, 2005 ). Of the four stocks, the western winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid becomes a traditional fishing target for the Chinese squid jigging fleet in the waters of 150°E–165°E ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ). The squid of this cohort occur from subtropical waters to the Subarctic boundary during the first half of the summer and migrate northward into the Subarctic domain during August–November. They mature gradually in fall and are thought to begin their spawning migration in October and November ( Fig. 1 ; Murata and Nakamura, 1998; Ichii et al., 2006 ). The biology and distribution of O. bartramii have been the subject of several studies over last decades ( Hayase, 1995; Yatsu and Watanabe, 1996; Yatsu and Mori, 2000; Wang and Chen, 2005; Chen and Tian, 2006; Watanabe et al., 2004 ), and the annual biomass of fall cohort is estimated based on catch data from the driftnet fishery ( Ichii et al., 2006 ). Osako and Murata (1983) estimated the annual sustainable catch of the west stock of winter–spring cohort to be 80,000–100,000 t in 1979. However, there is little information on the population dynamics of the winter–spring cohort. There are several general problems associated with estimating the abundance and biomass of cephalopod populations. These include their short life spans, variable growth rates and weak stock–recruitment relationships ( Caddy, 1983; Pierce and Guerra, 1994; Young et al., 2004 ). Previous studies make us believe that depletion methods ( De Lury, 1947 ) are likely to be appropriate for the assessment of Ommastrephidae squid ( Pierce et al., 1996; Agnew et al., 1998; Dunn, 1999; Royer et al., 2002; Ichii et al., 2006 ). Depletion methods were successfully applied in the stock assessments of Loligo gahi and Illex argentinus in the southwest Atlantic ( Beddington et al., 1990; Basson and Beddington, 1993; Agnew et al., 1998 ), Loligo forbesi in the Scottish waters ( Young et al., 2004 ) and loliginid squid in the English channel ( Royer et al., 2002 ). The annual life cycle means that assessments have to be carried out on a real time basis if the assessment results are to be used in the management in the current fishing season. However, retrospective assessment remains useful to provide information on historical stock trends. To assess whether the intense commercial jigging fishery had an adverse effect on the western winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid, we conduct a stock assessment by estimating stock size, fishing mortality, and proportional escapement based on Chinese squid jigging fishery data during August–November from 2000 to 2005. We employed a depletion model to estimate stock size. Three different error model assumptions (normal, log-transform and gamma) were evaluated in a preliminary analysis to determine the optimum combination of error model and parameters. The sustainability of this squid fishery is determined for the current level of fishing effort. 2 Materials and methods 2.1 Data collection and processing 2.1.1 Stock definition Of the four stocks of O. bartramii ( Bower and Ichii, 2005 ), we focused the assessment on the west stock of winter–spring cohort that is mainly distributed in the area of 150°E–165°E. Previous analyses of the fishery data ( Bower and Ichii, 2005; Wang and Chen, 2005; Ichii et al., 2006 ) suggest that the squid migrate from southwest to northeast in the North Pacific during August–November ( Fig. 1 ). This is essentially a closed population, and once squid enter into the area few leave and there is virtually no recruitment during the fishery, although some individuals may migrate into the waters of Russian EEZ. 2.1.2 Total catch and fishing effort Data on daily catch (kg), fishing effort (days fished) and fishing locations were obtained from the Chinese Mainland commercial jigging fleet operating in the waters defined by 150°E–165°E in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean during August and November from 2000 to 2005. The data were compiled in a 10-day period. Catch per unit of effort (CPUE, kg/d) was calculated as metric tonnes of squid caught per fishing day in a 10-day period ( Fig. 2 ). During this period, the catch from Japan and Taiwan of China was less than 10% of the total catch in this area. 2.1.3 Data of squid size In each month, 200–300 individuals of squids are sampled randomly from the five squid fishing vessels, named “Zhouyu 1030”, “Zhouyu 751”, “Ningyu 705”, “Ningyu 706”, “Liaoyu 801” and “Liaoyu 802”, during August and November from 2000 to 2005. Dorsal mantle length (ML, mm) and body weight (BW, g) were measured for these samples in the lab. The mean BW and mean ML for each 10-day period from 2000 to 2005 were estimated, respectively ( Table 1 ). 2.2 Depletion model A depletion method requires a consecutive time series of input data such as (a) total catch; (b) an abundance index like CPUE which should be a good indicator of stock abundance and show a substantial decrease during the time period of fishing experiment; (c) a method for converting catches in weight to catches in numbers; (d) if natural mortality cannot be assumed to be zero, an estimate of natural mortality; (e) immigration and emigration are ignored; (f) if recruitment cannot be assumed to be 0 and continues during the period of the fishery, an index of recruitment is needed. Like most other stock assessment models, depletion models require the input of some parameters, such as natural mortality and recruitment index, which cannot be readily measured or can only be estimated with large uncertainty. In this case, some assumptions, such as negligible natural mortality and recruitment, have to be made or alternatively we can incorporate their uncertainties in the estimation. Abundance index model and population dynamics model are combined to derive the depletion estimators. The abundance index model assumes that CPUE is proportional to population size over a wide range of abundances, and is given by (1) N i t = q t   CPU E i t where q t is the catchability coefficient in year t and N i is the number of fish in the beginning of time i year t . The population dynamics model describes how the number of fish changes over time and can be written as (2) N ( i + 1 ) t = e − M t ( N i t − C i t + λ R i t ) where M t is natural mortality rate in year t , C it the total catch during time i in year t ; λ the recruitment constant of proportionality, and R it is the recruitment index during time i year t ( Holden et al., 1995 ). In this study, λ was set to be zero. Thus no recruitment was assumed after the beginning of the first 10 days of August. Various error models can be assumed in association with Eqs. (1) and (2) for parameter estimation ( Holden et al., 1995 ). Since there was no strong a priori reason for preferring a particular error model, we considered three different error models that had been used in other studies: normal error, log-normal error, and gamma error distribution ( Young et al., 2004 ). Each was tested in a preliminary analysis to determine the optimum error model for model fitting in this study. The model provides estimates of the following parameters: (a) initial population sizes measured as the number of animals ( N 1 ) and numbers for each month ( N t ) in the depletion period; (b) expected catch and CPUE for each month in the depletion period; (c) catchability coefficient; (d) goodness of fit measure ( R 2 ); (e) bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals for N 1 and q ( Holden et al., 1995 ). Information on goodness of fit was obtained from a visual examination of plots of residuals against both the expected value and time. The distribution of residuals was evaluated to determine if they were “good” (even scatter of residuals), “reasonable” (a slight trend) or “poor” (a clear trend). Examples of poor, reasonable and good residual distributions were given in Fig. 3 a–c , respectively. 2.3 Input data and model parameters 2.3.1 Abundance index The Chinese mainland squid jigging vessels are all modified from the same inshore bottom-trawlers and equipped with the main engine power of 120 kW × 2, squid-attracting lamp power of 112 kW, and 16 squid-jigging machines, and are thus almost identical in fishing power ( Chen et al., 2007 ). The fishery is operated at night and there is no bycatch in this fishery. In this case, CPUE tends to be a reliable index of fish stock abundance ( Waluda et al., 1999, 2001 ). 2.3.2 Depletion period In the fishing ground of 150°E–165°E, the fishing season often started in June and ended in November, peaked during August–October ( Wang and Chen, 2005 ). Therefore, the squid fishery was treated as a depletion experiment from August to November, and the squid recruits started at the beginning of August. The time step used for the depletion experiment was 10 days, and thus CPUE i values were grouped for every 10 days each year. The derived CPUE also showed a general decline over the time period of fishing every year ( Fig. 2 ), and the lengths of depletion periods ranged between 4 and 5 months ( Fig. 2 ). 2.3.3 Natural mortality rate Like the natural mortality of many exploited marine organisms, the rate of natural mortality ( M ) for O. bartramii is not precisely known. In view of its uncertainty, the sensitivity of the model to M values ranging from 0.03 to 0.10 (per 10 day) was evaluated ( Ichii et al., 2006 ). Note that M was assumed to be a constant over the time period of fishery. Several combinations of input parameters were explored for a sensitivity analysis to determine the optimum error model and values of M . All the combinations of three error models (i.e., normal, log-normal, and gamma) and M values of 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09 and 0.10 were included in the analysis. The model fittings based on the M of 0.05 with the optimum error model were compared among fishing seasons during 2000–2005. 2.4 Calculation of proportional escapement Proportional escapement is defined as the number of squid alive at the end of the fishing season, measured as the proportion of those that would have been alive had there been no fishing. The proportional escapement was calculated following Brunetti et al. (2000) . First, stock size at time i + 1 in year t is calculated as ( Pope, 1972 ): (3) C i t = q t f i t N i t 1 − e − ( q t f i t + M t ) q t f i t + M t (4) N ( i + 1 ) t = ( N i t   e − M t / 2 − C i t ) e − M t / 2 where f it is the fishing effort (fished day) in the time i year t . The catch is assumed to occur at the middle of each i . The proportional escapement, P it (%), is then calculated as (5) P i t = 100   N ( i + 1 ) t N 0 t   e − M t i where N 0 t is the number of squid at the start of the fishing season in year t (i.e., beginning of the first 10 days of August). The escapement biomass N P i t (tons) can be calculated as (6) N P i t = N i t   e − ( q t f i t + M t ) i W i t 1000000 where W it (g) is the average weight of squid in time i year t . 3 Results 3.1 Selection of error models For the analysis of identifying an optimal error model and M in modeling, we only reported the results for the fishing season in year 2000 with M varying from 0.03 to 0.10 (per 10 days). The R 2 values were consistently highest for the log-normal error model and lowest for the normal error model. Although R 2 values cannot be used to compare the modeling results of different M 's among different error models, comparisons of the results derived from different values of M within the same error model are valid. For a given error model, the R 2 values were almost independent of M ( Fig. 4 ). A trend was more evident in the residual plot for the normal errors than for the other two error models. A comparison of observed and predicted CPUEs for M of 0.05 indicates that the three error models yielded similar results. However, for the latter half of the fishing season, the predictions from the log-normal error model were closer to the observed data ( Fig. 5 ). For all the estimation scenarios, the initial population N 1 estimated for 2000 increased with M . This could be expected because a larger initial population would have been required to support a higher natural mortality. The N 1 estimated for the gamma error model was the least sensitive to the value of M , and N 1 for the normal error model was the most sensitive ( Fig. 6 ). The narrowest 95% confidence intervals were produced by the log-normal error model, with the normal error model producing the widest confidence intervals ( Fig. 6 ). Based on the sensitivity analysis, the log-normal error model was preferred and used for the rest of the analysis. 3.2 Sensitivity analysis of M Using the 2000–2005 Chinese squid landing and abundance index, we estimated values of N 1 for each fishing season which showed a general increase with M ( Table 2 ). There was no consistent pattern in R 2 in relation to the changes in M , although R 2 values only varied by no more than 1% across the range of M values for any fishing season ( Table 2 ). The extreme values of M used in this study (0.03 and 0.10) yielded N 1 estimates differing by factors between 1.747 (2000) and 3.386 (2001). Using M of 0.05, the upper 95% confidence limit exceeded the mean estimate of N 1 by a factor between 1.088 (2004) and 1.831 (2002). The lower 95% confidence limit was below the mean by a factor between 1.065 (2004) and 1.243 (2002). For all fishing seasons from 2000 to 2005, the highest upper 95% confidence limit for N 1 was obtained with M of 0.10, and the lowest lower 95% confidence limit was obtained with M of 0.03 ( Table 2 ). 3.3 Interannual trends in initial and final population estimates and recruitment Using the Chinese squid jigging data for fishing seasons from 2000 to 2005 with the log-normal error model and M of 0.05, the initial and final stock size estimates were derived for each fishing season. In general, both initial and final stock size estimates showed a decline over the fishing period ( Fig. 7 ). The proportions of the stock removed each month during the declining period were estimated. The month-to-month progression of estimated population size over the time period of 2000–2005 is shown in Fig. 7 . As might be expected, population peaks tended to occur in August. The 2000 and 2004 seasons had relatively high abundance. Estimated initial populations showed small interannual changes and only 1.3 times between the minimum value in 2005 and maximum value in 2000 ( Fig. 7 ), but CPUE data showed large interannual changes with more than two times between the minimum and maximum values ( Fig. 2 ). However, overall annual recruitment strength was unknown because the model could not predict recruits prior to the depletion period. 3.4 Estimation of proportional escapement The proportional escapement for different fishing seasons over the time period of 2000–2005 is shown in Fig. 8 . For the same fishing season, the proportional escapement increased with M . For a given natural mortality M , the proportional escapement was lowest in 2000 and highest in 2001. The proportional escapement estimated with M of 0.05 ranged from 19.45% (in 2000) to 38.28% (in 2001) with the mean of 28.90% for the time period of 2000–2005. With M of 0.08, the proportional escapement during 2000–2005 ranged from 27.92% (in 2000) to 54.93% (in 2001), with an average of 42.89%. The escapement biomass N pi for different fishing seasons from 2000 to 2005 is shown in Fig. 9 . For a given fishing season, the escapement biomass decreased with M . For a given M , the escapement biomass was lowest in 2005 and highest in 2001. The number of escaped squid estimated with M of 0.05 ranged from 28.00 million squid (in 2005) to 54.73 million squid (in 2001) with an average of 42.83 million squid for the period 2000–2005 ( Fig. 9 ). When M of 0.08 was used in the estimation, the number of escaped squid ranged from 27.18 million squid (in 2005) to 53.11 million squid (in 2001) individuals, with an average of 41.46 million squid ( Fig. 9 ). 4 Discussion Many factors may affect fishing catchability in the squid jigging fishery, which can be divided into three groups: (1) biological factors (e.g., size, migration/movement, abundance, and fish behavior); (2) environmental conditions (e.g., water temperature, salinity, and current); (3) fishing processes (e.g., size and quantity of jiggers, type and quantity of auto-machine jigging, fishermen's skill and behavior, intensity of fishing light, and type of fishing vessels; Zhou et al., 2000 ). It is difficult to assess the influence of each of these factors on catch rate. In the North Pacific Ocean, however, the number of squid fishing vessels for Chinese mainland dropped from 446 in 2000 to 205 in 2003 since the fuel price went up, and stabled at 210–230 boats in 2004 and 2005. Because most variables described above were not subject to large changes during the period, it is possible that the interannual change of fishing efforts may result in variability in catchability coefficient. For example, if M = 0.03, the lowest catchability coefficient q is 2.786885 (10 −5 ) in 2001, the highest is 6.536563 (10 −5 ) in 2005. The quality of a stock assessment output depends on the quality of the data and reality of assumptions made in modeling ( Chen et al., 2000 ). Since 1995, the Chinese Squid Jigging Technical Group regularly collected the fishery data including fishing date, daily catch, fishing position, fishing vessels and sample size of oceanic squids in the North Pacific. Because of good coverage of scientific observers, these records may be the most reliable fishery data available to the squid assessment ( Wang and Chen, 2005; Chen and Tian, 2006 ). However, the size of squid estimated from samples may have some biases. Squid tend to move in shoals with similar sizes and ages. Thus, any one jigging contains squid that are more uniform in size than is the population as a whole. In the jigging fishery, the size and color of jigger may result in the selection of squid ( Sun and Chen, 1996, 1997 ), and small sizes of squid are less likely to be caught. This potential bias, however, is not likely to affect the quality of the depletion model-based stock assessment. Chen et al. (2007) showed that interannual variation in the timing of peak recruitment occurrence of O. bartramii in the North Pacific could be related to some ocean climate variables (specifically, ENSO). Given interannual variations in growth rates and timing of recruitment, it is suggested that biological data should be collected during every year for which an assessment is carried out. The at-sea sampling adopted in this study, with a target of measuring approximately 200–300 squids per month, is probably a minimum requirement for obtaining reliable data. However, given that the depletion period is around 4 or 5 months, better estimates may be obtained by using shorter and more frequent time periods, e.g. bi-weekly, as opposed to the time period of month currently used in the fishery. Information on the extent of predation on cephalopod is required for a reliable estimation of M and subsequently an accurate assessment of total stock size. Interannual differences in initial population of squid were also apparent for recent years. The initial population ranged from 235.45 to 307.13 millions squid with M of 0.05, and from 306.69 to 418.26 millions with M of 0.08. Murata and Shimazu (1982) reported that the population size of winter–spring cohort was estimated at 139–154 millions in the early September of 1979, which is a little lower than our estimations during the same periods of 2000–2005. As Ommastrephidae squid is an opportunist species, its resources are vulnerable to the impact of the marine environment ( Rodhouse, 2001; Chen et al., 2007 ). The assumption of closed fishing grounds made in this study may be also violated, as some squids may enter into the EEZ of Russia during the northward migration, and the squid jigging fleets from Japan and Taiwan province of China may account for less than 10% of the total squid landings from the study area during 2000–2005, which would lead to the underestimation of initial stock sizes. Thus, the estimate of initial stock size in this study is for the exploitable stock abundance available to the Chinese squid jigging fleets. Natural mortality M is affected by many factors, and the DeLury estimators are sensitive to the value of M . Murata and Shimazu (1982) indicated that M for the winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid may be around 0.07 per 10 days. Ichii et al. (2006) estimated M for the autumn cohort of neon flying squid as 0.089 per 10-day period. A value of M = 0.086 per 10 days has been used to assess I. argentinus stocks ( Beddington et al., 1990 ) based on the interrelationship between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature ( Pauly, 1985 ). A value of M = 0.1 per 10-day period was used for I. illecebrosus ( Hendrickson et al., 1996 ). A value of M = 0.033 per 10 days was empirically derived for Todarodes pacificus ( Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute, 2004 ). In viewing the uncertainty about natural mortality, we conducted the sensitivity analysis of the model to per-10-day m values ranging from 0.03 to 0.10 in this study. In this study, the rate of proportional escapement ranged from 15.3% ( M = 0.03 in 2000) to 69.9% ( M = 0.10 in 2001), with the overall average of 37.18%, which is almost the same as the management target's escapement of 40%. The estimated escapement biomass ranged from 27,337 t ( M = 0.10 in 2005) to 55,223 t ( M = 0.03 in 2001), which may be equivalent to 27.8–68.3% of the annual total catch, with the average of 45.1%. Since some squids may enter into the EEZ of Russia where there is no fishing activity, it is possible that the proportional escapement and escapement biomass may be underestimated. However, the proportional escapement and escapement biomass all shows a decreasing trend year by year from 2001 to 2005, which may suggest a possibility of overexploitation. From 2000 to 2005, the annual catch from the Chinese mainland squid jigging fishery ranged from 64,000 t (in 2002) to 104,000 t (in 2000), the other fishing fleets, Japan and Taiwan provinces of China, had the annual catch of less than 10,000 t and 300–8500 t during the same period, respectively ( Overseas Fisheries Development Council of the Republic of China, 2006 ). Thus, the catch during the years of 2000–2005 ranged from 80,000 to 100,000 t despite of large differences in fishing efforts among years (47,112 fishing days in 2000 versus 20,527 fishing days in 2003). This also infers that its annual maximum allowable catch may range from 80,000 to 100,000 t ( Osako and Murata, 1983; Ichii, 2007 ). The unique life history of O. bartramii poses challenges to the use of traditional age- or length-structured model in assessing their resources. This study suggests that the modified depletion method may provide an alternative approach to assessing the population dynamics of O. bartramii and other species of similar life history. This study shows that error assumptions and M values may have large impacts on the assessment. We suggest that an extensive sensitive analysis, similar to the one we did in this study, is necessary to identify optimal error model and improve our understanding of impacts of M on the assessment. Acknowledgements We thank Chinese distant-water Squid Jigging Technical Group for providing data and information used in this paper. This work was supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-06-0437), Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Project # T1101), and National Science and Technology Program (2006BAD09A05). Constructive and helpful comments from the two anonymous reviewers have greatly improved an early version of the manuscript, of which we are grateful. 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Pierce Surface oceanography of inferred hatching grounds of Illex argentinus (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) and influences on recruitment variability Mar. Biol. 139 2001 671 679 Wang and Chen, 2005 Y.G. Wang X.J. Chen The Resource and Biology of Economic Oceanic Squid in the World 2005 Ocean Press Beijing pp.79–295 Watanabe et al., 2004 H. Watanabe T. Kubodera T. Ichii S. Kawahara Feeding habits of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the transitional region of the central North Pacific Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 266 2004 173 184 Yatsu and Mori, 2000 A. Yatsu J. Mori Early growth of the autumn cohort of neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii , in the North Pacific Ocean Fish. Res. 45 2000 189 194 Yatsu and Watanabe, 1996 A. Yatsu T. Watanabe Interannual variability in neon flying squid abundance and oceanographic conditions in the central North Pacific, 1982–1992 Bull. Nat. Res. Inst. Far Seas Fish. 33 1996 123 138 Young et al., 2004 I.A.G. Young G.J. Pierce H.I. Daly M.B. Santo L.N. Key N. Bailey J.P. Robin A.J. Bishop G. Stowasser M. Nyegaard S.K. Cho M. Rasero J.M.F. Pereira Application of depletion methods to estimate stock size in the squid Loligo forbesi in Scottish waters (UK) Fish. Res. 69 2 2004 211 227 Zhou et al., 2000 Y.Q. Zhou X.J. Chen X.G. Zhang Quantitative statistical methods of fishing capacity J. Shanghai Fish. Univ. 9 2 2000 119 124",
        "keywords": [
            "northwest pacific ocean",
            "depletion model",
            "ommastrephes bartramii",
            "stock assessment",
            "life history",
            "population size",
            "seasonality",
            "biological data"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, 218 Libby Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, 218 Libby Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Exploitation of Shanghai Education Commission, 334 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiguo Qian",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Exploitation of Shanghai Education Commission, 334 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "EbhQAGcZ": {
        "id": "EbhQAGcZ",
        "title": "An analysis of error structure in modeling the stock–recruitment data of gadoid stocks using generalized linear models",
        "abstract": "When modeling the stock-recruitment (S-R) relationship, the Cushing, Ricker, and other S-R models are fit- ted to the observed S-R data by estimating parameters with assumptions made concerning the model error structure. Using a generalized linear model approach, we explored and identified the appropriate model error structure in model- ing S-R data for gadoid stocks. The S-R parameter estimation was found to be influenced by the choice of error distri- butions assumed in the analysis. In modeling S-R data for gadoid stocks, the Beverton-Holt model was found to be more sensitive to the assumption of model error distribution than the Cushing and Ricker models. The lognormal and gamma distributions had higher probability of being acceptable model error distributions. Cluster analyses and sum- mary statistics of error distributions in S-R modeling did not show consistent patterns in the identification of an ac- ceptable model error structure among species, geographic distributions, and sample sizes. A better understanding of the factors and mechanisms resulting in differences in the choice of appropriate model error distributions for different pop- ulations is needed in future research. We recommend that the generalized linear model be used to identify acceptable model error structures in quantifying S-R relationships.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David Schneider",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Joe Wroblewski",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "cNE8WAVE": {
        "id": "cNE8WAVE",
        "title": "Standardizing catch and effort data of the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery in the western and central Pacific Ocean for bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus",
        "abstract": "Catch per unit effort (CPUE) is often used as an index of relative abundance in fisheries stock assessments. However, the trends in nominal CPUE can be influenced by many factors in addition to stock abundance, including the choice of fishing location and target species, and environmental conditions. Consequently, catch and effort data are usually ‘standardized’ to remove the impact of such factors. Standardized CPUE for bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus , caught by the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery in the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) for 1964–2004 were derived using three alternative approaches (GLM, GAM and the delta approach), and sensitivity was explored to whether catch-rates of yellowfin tuna and albacore tuna are included in the analyses. Year, latitude, and the catch-rate of yellowfin explained the most of the deviance (32–49%, depending on model configuration) and were identified consistently among methods, while trends in standardized catch-rate differed spatially. However, the trends in standardized catch-rates by area were found to be relatively insensitive to the approach used for standardization, including whether the catch-rates of yellowfin and albacore were included in the analyses.",
        "keywords": [
            "glm",
            "standardization",
            "bigeye tuna",
            "cpue",
            "delta approach",
            "gam",
            "relative abundance",
            "stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Nan-Jay Su",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Su-Zan Yeh",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Lu Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "André E. Punt",
                "org": "School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "The School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sheng-Ping Wang",
                "org": "Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "QC6J0Qkx": {
        "id": "QC6J0Qkx",
        "title": "Connectivity of lobster (Homarus americanus) populations in the coastal Gulf of Maine: part II. Coupled biophysical dynamics",
        "abstract": "We used a coupled biophysical model to investigate larval transport and connectivity patterns in the Gulf of Maine lobster (Homarus americanus) population. Biological 'particles' were released at over 21 000 locations every 10 days over a 4-month hatching period, and were followed from hatching through late postlarval stage. In addition to circulation and dis- persion, model calculations included spatial patterns of egg production, temporal patterns of hatching, temperature-dependent development, vertical distri- bution and mortality. We ran the model for three larval production seasons using the same hatching patterns and individual-based modeling parameters but different flow patterns in the coastal current sys- tem. Model results gave distribution and abundance patterns of competent postlarvae that closely resem- bled observed, alongshore patterns of lobster settle- ment density. We evaluated the relative contribution of all source regions to the total number of competent postlarvae in a series of medium-size zones along the coastal shelf, many of which are used in lobster management. Connectivity depended on many factors, including patterns of egg production and transport, and the location and size of the receiving zones. Self recruitment ranged from a few percent to >90% of competent postlarvae. Although it was common for postlarvae to come from many, often distant, sources, most of the competent postlarvae in a zone originated within one to two zones in the prevailing 'up-stream' direction, forming shorter connections along the coast than the energetic currents might otherwise suggest. Inshore migrations during summer hatching may contribute to these shorter patterns of connectivity. Transport in the prevailing 'upstream' direction was also indicated.",
        "keywords": [
            "postlarvae",
            "individual-based model",
            "connectivity",
            "hatching",
            "homarus americanus",
            "lobster",
            "advection",
            "coastal current",
            "egg production",
            "larvae",
            "transport",
            "mortality",
            "coupled biophysical model",
            "spatial pattern",
            "seasonality"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LEWIS INCZE",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HUIJIE XUE",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "NICHOLAS WOLFF",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "DANYA XU",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CARL WILSON",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ROBERT STENECK",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "RICHARD WAHLE",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "PETER LAWTON",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "NEAL PETTIGREW",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "YONG CHEN",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Oceanography",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "wXVFvI2y": {
        "id": "wXVFvI2y",
        "title": "Evaluating a seasonal, sex-specific size-structured stock assessment model for the American lobster, <i>Homarus americanus</i>",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Minoru Kanaiwa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Carl Wilson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine and Freshwater Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "eAuJwlfb": {
        "id": "eAuJwlfb",
        "title": "Ecosystem structure and functioning of Lake Taihu (China) and the impacts of fishing",
        "abstract": "Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake in China and has provided local communities with valuable fisheries for centuries. However, we have only a limited knowledge of its ecosystem. In this study, a trophic model was constructed for the Lake Taihu ecosystem. This model was used to evaluate and analyze the food web structure and other properties of this ecosystem using data covering the period from 1991 to 1995. Using the model, we evaluated the impacts on local fisheries of various management scenarios comprising two basic management regimes: (1) setting fishing mortality for the top predator (large culters, Erythroculter mongolicus and Erythroculter ilishaeformis ) to 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2, and (2) adjusting overall fishing effort to 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.25 times the current level. For both scenarios, fishery profit and cost were evaluated to provide an understanding of how components of the ecosystem interact. We identified possible causes of fishery overexploitation in the lake ecosystem and described the necessity of developing ecosystem-based management. The results showed that Lake Taihu had six theoretical trophic levels (TLs), with the trophic flows primarily occurring through the first five TLs. System properties such as transfer efficiency, Finn's index, Finn's mean length, connectance index, system omnivory index, primary production/respiration ratio, and net primary production all indicated that Lake Taihu was an immature, fairly simple ecosystem in which a relatively low fraction of total primary production was utilized. At the same time, the ecosystem was also experiencing high fishing pressure. Yet despite this, the low ascendency index (25.9%) and high system overhead ratio (74.1%) indicated that the system was highly developed and relatively stable, a condition that might result from the high degree of recycling in the system. Among the harvesting strategies considered, a strategy of either decreasing the fishing mortality of the top predator (large culters) to 0.3 or, alternatively, reducing the overall effort on the system by a factor of 0.75 appeared to be most effective at increasing the efficiency of the fisheries.",
        "keywords": [
            "lake taihu",
            "management strategy",
            "fisheries",
            "ecosystem property",
            "ecopath with ecosim",
            "profitability",
            "ecosystems",
            "fishing",
            "trophic level",
            "primary production",
            "net primary production",
            "indexation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yunkai-Li",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Song",
                "org": "College of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Derek Olson",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Na Yu",
                "org": "College of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liqiao-Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "jnp86boa": {
        "id": "jnp86boa",
        "title": "Modelling the impacts of environmental variation on the habitat suitability of swordfish, Xiphias gladius, in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yijay chang",
                "org": "national taiwan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "chilu sun",
                "org": "national taiwan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "suzan yeh",
                "org": "national taiwan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "gerard dinardo",
                "org": "national marine fisheries service"
            },
            {
                "name": "nanjay su",
                "org": "national taiwan university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "LWKRgov8": {
        "id": "LWKRgov8",
        "title": "Trace elements in the statoliths of jumbo flying squid off the Exclusive Economic Zones of Chile and Peru",
        "abstract": "Ontogenetic variation in 4 trace element (88Sr, 137Ba, 24Mg, 23Na) concentrations and their ratios to Ca were measured in statoliths of the jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas off the Exclusive Economic Zone of Chilean and Peruvian waters using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The element compositions of statoliths showed no significant differences between females and males. All of the elements in different growth zones showed significant variations, except for Mg. Sr:Ca and Mg:Ca were good indicators for distinguishing squid from autumn and winter spawning seasons. Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca distribution patterns in statoliths confirmed that paralarvae and juvenile squid inhabit surface waters, while subadult squid migrate into deeper waters. An increasing Sr:Ca ratio of subadult squid could be explained by declining temperature gradients from northern to southern sampling locations, although no significant Sr:Ca differences were observed (p > 0.05). Mg:Ca ratios decreased progressively from the nucleus to the peripheral zone, which might be correlated with statolith growth rates. Na:Ca ratios slightly declined from paralarvae to the subadult phase. Quantitative relationships between statolith trace elements and environmental conditions under different growth stages are needed to improve our understanding of life history of D. gigas. © Inter-Research 2011.",
        "keywords": [
            "barium",
            "chile",
            "dosidicus gigas",
            "life history",
            "magnesium",
            "peru",
            "sodium",
            "strontium",
            "surface water",
            "exclusive economic zone",
            "temperature gradient",
            "water use",
            "inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry",
            "seasonality",
            "trace element"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ministry of Education China(Ministry of Education),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huajie Lu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiguo Qian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine Ecology Progress Series",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "0e6lEXZb": {
        "id": "0e6lEXZb",
        "title": "Fishery biology of the jumbo flying squid <i>Dosidicus gigas</i> off the Exclusive Economic Zone of Chilean waters",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "exclusive economic zone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huajie Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiguo Qian",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "666lh6lT": {
        "id": "666lh6lT",
        "title": "Age, growth and population structure of jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, off the Costa Rica Dome",
        "abstract": "Based on the samples collected in Chinese scientific surveys off the Costa Rica Dome from July to August in 2009, statolith microstructure of the jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, was analysed for studying their age, growth and population structure. Three typical growth zones (postnuclear, dark and peripheral zones), abnormal increments (checks) and aberrant microstructure (additional centre and additional rings) were found in the statoliths examined. Squid sizes ranged from 205 to 429Â mm dorsal mantle length (ML) with ages no more than 10 months for females and 8 months for males. Back-calculated hatching dates were from November 2008 to April 2009. Growth in ML was best described by a linear function for both the sexes, while growth in body weight was best quantified by an exponential function for females and a power curve for males. The maximum absolute daily growth rates and instantaneous growth rate in ML were reached during 181-210 and 151-180 days for females and males, respectively. The Costa Rica Dome and its adjacent waters were considered as a potential spawning ground because of presence of not only high proportion of mature squid but also rhynchoteuthion paralarvae, and high primary productivity from the strong upwelling. This study suggests that D. gigas have complicated intra-specific population structure and large spatial variability in the key life history parameters. Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2012.",
        "keywords": [
            "age and growth",
            "Costa Rica Dome",
            "Keywords Dosidicus gigas",
            "population structure",
            "statoliths microstructure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhua Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ministry of Education China(Ministry of Education),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "KjvKso00": {
        "id": "KjvKso00",
        "title": "Reproductive biology of female blue shark Prionace glauca in the southeastern Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "An understanding of reproductive biology is important in evaluating the potential impacts of fisheries on shark population dynamics. Reproductive biology of the female blue shark (Prionace glauca) was evaluated using data collected in the Chinese Longline Fishery Scientific Observer Programme in the southeastern Pacific Ocean during July-November 2003 (Trip 1) and February-December 2006 (Trip 2). The fork length of gravid females varied from 170 to 246 cm (mean = 201 cm) in Trip 1 and from 168 to 220 cm (mean = 188 cm) in Trip 2. Gravid size was significantly different among months. The relationship between the proportion of gravid females and female size could be quantified by a logarithmic model. Litter size varied from 13 to 68 (mean 35) and was weakly correlated with maternal size. The sex ratio of captured blue sharks was significantly different from 1:1, while the sex ratio of pups was not significantly different from 1:1. Pup size (combined sexes) ranged from 12 to 39 cm FL, with mean of 27 cm. No significant differences were detected in length distribution and median length between female and male pups. This study suggests that there are large spatial and temporal variations in key reproductive parameters of the blue shark, which should be considered in the assessment and management. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.",
        "keywords": [
            "biology",
            "gravid",
            "pacific ocean",
            "prionace glauca",
            "reproductive",
            "sex ratio",
            "fork length",
            "population dynamic",
            "reproductive biology",
            "data collection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiangfeng Zhu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojie Dai",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuxiong Xu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental Biology of Fishes",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Mqi8iHI7": {
        "id": "Mqi8iHI7",
        "title": "An adaptive sampling method based on optimized sampling design for fishery-independent surveys with comparisons with conventional designs",
        "abstract": "The adaptive cluster sampling method is widely applied in terrestrial systems; however, it is not suitable for fisheries surveys\n because of the high cost of unlimited sampling in practice. An adaptive approach is often used in fisheries surveys to allocate\n sampling effort, usually following a stratified random design. Development of an adaptive sampling method based on optimized\n sampling design (this design has been suggested by previous study for fishery-independent surveys) has been not yet carried\n out. An adaptive sampling method based on optimized sampling design using the criterion of minimization of the mean of the\n shortest distance (MMSD) in the first phase was constructed in this study and compared with five other sampling designs: simple\n random, stratified random, adaptive based on stratified sampling, systematic, and optimum design based on the MMSD criterion.\n This design performed neither the best nor the worst among the six sampling designs considered in this study, but its advantages\n were obvious when the sampling effort saved using this design was considered in the comparison. This method tends to be more\n flexible and find fish aggregations more precisely. It is based on a more objective sampling design in the first phase compared\n with other adaptive sampling designs based on stratified sampling designs. We suggest that this design be considered in developing\n fishery-independent survey programs.",
        "keywords": [
            "adaptive sampling design � fishery-independent surveyoptimized sampling design � sampling design comparison"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong LiuYong",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Estuarine Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiahua Cheng",
                "org": "Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries Certificated by the Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianjian Lu",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Estuarine Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Science",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "fWl0o4RP": {
        "id": "fWl0o4RP",
        "title": "Evaluation of management procedures for a length-frequency data-limited fishery.",
        "abstract": "Management procedures (MPs) based on data-limited methods (DLMs) recently developed to give management advices for data-limited stocks worldwide are scarce or yet to be implemented on freshwater species. In this study, case studies (CSs) were developed using length-frequency data (LFD) of common carp species harvested from Dianshan Lake to estimate life-history parameters from existing methods. These CSs were later used to examine their influences when tested with various MPs under scenarios when operating models (OMs) were subjected to observation and estimation uncertainties. The results after management strategy evaluation (MSE) was run for various defined OMs showed that three MPs emerged best for providing managing advice. For high yield to be maintained during short-term periods, MinlenLopt1 suggested the smallest length at full retention (sLFR) to be 42.11 cm; while Slotlim and matlenlim2 suggested that to maintain biomass and stable spawning biomass (SBMSY) and also avoid overfishing from occurring in this fishery, sLFR should be 56.1 cm. Values given by these MPs allowed the removal of species that spawned at least once. Also, life-history parameters derived from CS4 presented the best results, being more reliable in presenting better inputs for effective management of the said fishery.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cyprinus carpio",
            "Data-limited methods",
            "Length-frequency data",
            "Management procedure",
            "Management strategy evaluation",
            "Stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Richard Kindong",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangfeng Zhu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Wu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Libing Dai",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojie Dai",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. xjdai@shou.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng Xia",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental science and pollution research international",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "TiNp16v0": {
        "id": "TiNp16v0",
        "title": "Species composition and diversity of pelagic fishes based on a longline fishery catch in the North Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "Evaluation of spatial-temporal variability of species composition and diversity in oceanic ecosystems is not easy because\n it is usually difficult to obtain sufficient data quantifying such variability. In this study, we examined pelagic species\n diversity indicators, species richness, Shannon-Wiener index of diversity and Hurlbert’s species evenness, for fish assemblages\n from two areas (north and south) in the North Pacific Ocean (2°–12°N, 178°E–165°W) during May–July 2008. The assemblages were\n based on data collected by an onboard scientific observer during a commercial longline fishing trip. The species richness\n and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of fish assemblages in the northern area were slightly higher than those in the southern\n area, although these differences were not significant (t test, P>0.05). Non-parametric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarities indicated that there were significant differences\n in fish assemblages between the two areas (P<0.01).",
        "keywords": [
            "longline",
            "diversity",
            "species composition",
            "North Pacific Ocean",
            "pelagic fish"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiangfeng Zhu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojie Dai",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "00QWoFlv": {
        "id": "00QWoFlv",
        "title": "Modeling and evaluating ecosystem in 1980s and 1990s for American lobster (Homarus americanus) in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "The Gulf of Maine (GOM) ecosystem has been observed to experience large changes over the last several decades, switching from a groundfish dominated system to a system dominated by crustacean species such as the American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) and crabs. The objective of this study is to develop a lobster ecosystem model and to evaluate the changes in the GOM ecosystem for the American lobster between 1980s and 1990s. A mass-balance ecosystem model was developed separately for the two time periods (1980s and 1990s) using Ecopath. The model includes 24 functional groups consisting of lobster, its key predator and prey species, and other ecologically important groups in the ecosystem such as zooplankton, phytoplankton, and detritus. Using the models developed we conducted a comparative analysis of trophic interactions and community structures of the GOM ecosystem for lobster in 1980s and 1990s. The balanced model suggests that the biomasses of shelled mollusk, crab, juvenile lobster, adult lobster, and Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus ) were doubled, tripled or even more than tripled, but the groundfish biomass decreased substantially from 1980s to 1990s. The study shows that the trophic structures of the lobster ecosystem in the 1980s are different from those in the 1990s with a decrease in top predator biomass and an increase in the biomass of lower trophic level organisms. The ecosystem in 1990s was found to be more mature than in 1980s. This study suggests a regime switch in the GOM from high trophic groundfish dominated system to low trophic crustacean species dominated system during 1980s–1990s.",
        "keywords": [
            "ecopath homarus americanus gulf of maine ecosystem modeling regime shift",
            "regime shift",
            "ecosystem modeling",
            "ecopath",
            "gulf of maine",
            "homarus americanus",
            "trophic level",
            "mass balance",
            "comparative analysis",
            "community structure",
            "ecosystem model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuying Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ecological Modelling",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "8H4nkUDP": {
        "id": "8H4nkUDP",
        "title": "Modelling the growth of crustacean species",
        "abstract": "Crustaceans play an important role in marine ecosystem and worldwide fisheries. Accurate and quantitative description of growth\n is crucial in modelling the demographics and fisheries stock assessment. The stepwise growth as a result of the moulting process\n and the lack of permanent calcified structures make the traditional approaches developed for finfish inappropriate for crustaceans.\n This study reviews the data collection, quantitative methods and various sources of uncertainty for modelling the growth of\n crustacean. The methods were reviewed based on their data requirement and mathematical/statistical complexity ranging from\n simple growth rate, continuous growth curve to stepwise growth curve and size transition matrix. A comparative example of\n different growth models was illustrated with four selected crustaceans: American lobster (Homarus americanus, Nephropidae), Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister, Cancridae), blue crab (Callinectes sapidus, Portunidae) and pronghorn spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus, Palinuridae). Model selection and multi-model inference based on the information theory was discussed for modelling the\n growth components of moutling increment and intermoult period. Various drivers in determination of the growth pattern of crustaceans\n were evaluated, including life history strategy and environmental stress. The incorporation of environmental factors into\n the development of growth models and the recent progress in age-determination were highlighted. We discussed possible research\n needs for better quantification of crustaceans growth.",
        "keywords": [
            "crustaceansage and growth � moultgrowth modelenvironmental factor � uncertainty"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yi-Jay ChangChi-Lu",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Lu Sun",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Su-Zan Yeh",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "kcw1xdFZ": {
        "id": "kcw1xdFZ",
        "title": "Robust principal component analysis and outlier detection with ecological data",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "multivariate analysis",
            "outliers",
            "principal component analysis",
            "outlier detection",
            "robust statistics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Donald A. Jackson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, U.S.A."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmetrics",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "5kHeQAAs": {
        "id": "5kHeQAAs",
        "title": "Ovarian development in Argentinean shortfin squid <Emphasis Type=\"Italic\">Illex argentinus</Emphasis>: group-synchrony for corroboration of intermittent spawning strategy",
        "abstract": "Modern living cephalopod species have evolved a wide phenotypic diversity and flexibility of reproductive strategies, which is closely linked to the pattern of oogenesis and oocytes ovulation of species. Although it has been suggested that Argentinean shortfin squid Illex argentinus lay eggs intermittently, there is still little evidence for the mode of oocyte production and development. In this study, the ovarian development of I. argentinus was investigated by using histological analysis of ovaries, and six distinct histological stages of ovarian development were found among the ovaries. For each histological stage of the ovary, the frequency distribution of both number and occupied areas by each oogenesis stage was unimodal, and that gradually progressed along with ovarian development. The oocyte size distribution in ovaries before reaching vitellogenic stage was unimodal, bimodal in vitellogenic ovaries, and polymodal in ripe and partially spent ovaries. This evidence indicates that I. argentinus undergoes group-synchronous ovarian development, with a single dominant oocyte stock being produced to develop in several batches for a multiple-batch group-synchronous ovulation and confirms the intermittent spawning strategy of this species.",
        "keywords": [
            "Illex argentinus",
            " Oocyte development",
            " Spawning",
            " Reproduction",
            " Southwest Atlantic"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dongming Lin",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoping Zhu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jizhou Yan",
                "org": "College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hydrobiologia",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "BX4FnAKM": {
        "id": "BX4FnAKM",
        "title": "Linkages among physical and biological properties in tidepools on the Maine Coast",
        "abstract": "Tidepools experience significant gradients in ecologically relevant physical variables along the transition from ocean to\n terrestrial habitat (vertical axis) and from open coast to inner bays (horizontal axis). Associations amongst physical and\n biological variables, divided into algal, invertebrate and vertebrate (fish) groups, were examined in a tidepool survey dataset.\n Physical variables and the three biological groups were submitted separately to a principal component analysis (PCA). PCA\n scores were evaluated with Pearson correlation coefficients across the sampling units (tidepools) to identify significant\n correlations. Initially little structure in the data and no correlation amongst variables was present. At the onset of summer,\n correlations were confined amongst physical variables and algal and invertebrate components, followed in the late summer with\n correlations between invertebrate and fish components. By the fall, correlations were confined to fish and algal/invertebrate\n components. Species relationships followed a seasonal cycle with a succession from little to no structure, the forming of\n low trophic level relationships in the early summer to high trophic level relationships in late summer-fall, and deconstruction\n of structure with the onset of fall-winter storms and ice scour. The seasonal pattern, and well established vertical gradient,\n has nested within it species composition changes along a horizontal wave energy gradient. The horizontal gradient results\n in a shift from species which are physiologically adapted to extreme salinities and temperatures to those which are physically\n adapted to high wave-energy environments.",
        "keywords": [
            "Ecological multivariate statistics",
            "Principal Component Analysis",
            "Tidepool fish",
            "Intertidal",
            "Ecosystem structure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Adrian Jordaan",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, 04469 ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jeffrey Crocker",
                "org": "University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental Biology of Fishes",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "fljzqx3s": {
        "id": "fljzqx3s",
        "title": "Modeling a habitat suitability index for the eastern fall cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii in the central North Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "The eastern fall cohort of the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, has been commercially exploited by the Chinese squid jigging fleet in the central North Pacific Ocean since the late 1990s. To understand and identify their optimal habitat, we have developed a habitat suitability index (HSI) model using two potential important environmental variables - sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) - and fishery data from the main fishing ground (165°-180°E) during June and July of 1999-2003. A geometric mean model (GMM), minimum model (MM) and arithmetic weighted model (AWM) with different weights were compared and the best HSI model was selected using Akaike's information criterion (AIC). The performance of the developed HSI model was evaluated using fishery data for 2004. This study suggests that the highest catch per unit effort (CPUE) and fishing effort are closely related to SST and SSHA. The best SST- and SSHA-based suitability index (SI) regression models were SI SST-based = 0.7SI effort-SST + 0.3 SI CPUE-SST, and SI SSHA-based = 0.5SI effort-SSHA + 0.5SI CPUE-SSHA, respectively, showing that fishing effort is more important than CPUE in the estimation of SI. The best HSI model was the AWM, defined as HSI=0.3SI SST-based+ 0.7SI SSHA-based, indicating that SSHA is more important than SST in estimating the HSI of squid. In 2004, monthly HSI values greater than 0.6 coincided with the distribution of productive fishing ground and high CPUE in June and July, suggesting that the models perform well. The proposed model provides an important tool in our efforts to develop forecasting capacity of squid spatial dynamics. © 2011 Chinese Society for Oceanology and Limnology, Science Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.",
        "keywords": [
            "central North Pacific Ocean",
            "CPUE",
            "eastern fall cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii",
            "fishing effort",
            "habitat suitability index",
            "model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Ak8BoTXF": {
        "id": "Ak8BoTXF",
        "title": "A review of the development of Chinese distant-water squid jigging fisheries",
        "abstract": "China has developed a major fishing fleet for oceanic squid since 1989, currently having more than 400 squid jigging boats with an annual catch of 250–300 thousand metric tonnes and accounting for about one-sixth of the global oceanic squid production. The main fishing target species include Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwestern Pacific, Illex argentinus in the southwestern Atlantic, Dosidicus gigas in the southeastern Pacific, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the northwestern Indian, and Todarodes pacificus in the Sea of Japan. The ommastrephidae squid is an opportunist species and vulnerable to environmental fluctuations, making its abundance difficult to assess, forecast and manage. This calls for sharing of scientific information worldwide for better understanding and management of squid fisheries. This study reviews biology, fisheries and resource status of important commercial oceanic squid for the Chinese squid jigging fisheries with a focus on recent literatures published in China.",
        "keywords": [
            "illex argentinus",
            "sthenoteuthis oualaniensis",
            "squid jigging fisheries",
            "dosidicus gigas",
            "ommastrephes bartramii",
            "todarodes pacificus",
            "china"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "College of Marine Science and Technology, Jungong Road 334, Shanghai Fisheries University, P.O. Box 67, Shanghai 200090, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, 218 Libby Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "nSAwhqc4": {
        "id": "nSAwhqc4",
        "title": "Analysis of sex-specific spawning biomass per recruit of the sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) in the waters off eastern Taiwan",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Chuan Chiang",
                "org": "Eastern Marine Biology Research Center of Fisheries Research Institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Science|University of Maine|Libby Hall"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Lu Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Cheng Su",
                "org": "Fisheries Research Institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sheng-Ping Wang",
                "org": "Department of Environmental|Biology and Fisheries Science|National Taiwan Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Don-Chung Liu",
                "org": "Fisheries Research Institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "Su-Zan Yeh",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography|National Taiwan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Yie Chen",
                "org": "Eastern Marine Biology Research Center of Fisheries Research Institute"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 0
    },
    "7pkhpvLB": {
        "id": "7pkhpvLB",
        "title": "Short communication Incorporating uncertainty into the estimation of the biological reference points F0.1 and Fmax for the Maine green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis ) fishery",
        "abstract": "The status of the Maine green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis ) fishery has not been quantitatively determined, despite its commercial importance and declining stock abundances. The high levels of natural variability in the population, and the uncertainty implicit in all fisheries, make it essential to determine probabilistic estimates of current fishing mortality rate and biological reference points for a reliable stock assessment. We used a Monte Carlo simulation approach to investigate how uncertainties associated with yield per recruit parameter estimation would affect F0.1 and Fmax and to identify their impacts on the determination of stock status. We found that higher levels of uncertainty increased variation in F0.1 and Fmax estimates, which translated to a decrease in the probability that the fishery was defined as overfished. F0.1 was considered more appropriate as a target biological reference point, but the probability that the fishery would be defined as overfished varied by confidence level and the magnitude of uncertainty. We suggest that further investigations into other reference points be conducted before final selection and implementation of a management target for the Maine sea urchin fishery. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "strongylocentrotus droebachiensis",
            "biological reference points",
            "green sea urchin fishery",
            "yield per recruit",
            "uncertainty"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Robert Grabowski",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 0
    },
    "o90SxRZu": {
        "id": "o90SxRZu",
        "title": "Modelling the impacts of environmental variation on the habitat suitability of swordfish, Xiphias gladius, in the equatorial",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yijay chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chilu sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "suzan yeh",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gerard dinardo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nanjay su",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "TksSW8hu": {
        "id": "TksSW8hu",
        "title": "Evaluating port monitoring program: A case study of the northern shrimp fishery in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "Like many fisheries in the world, the northern shrimp, Pandalus borealis , fishery in the Gulf of Maine is monitored with both fishery-dependent and independent sampling programs. A periodic review of sampling programs is essential to assess if they effectively and efficiently monitor spatial and temporal variations of key fisheries statistics, which provide the information critical to achieve management objectives. In this study we evaluated whether the northern shrimp port sampling program was representative of the commercial catch and effort. The combined federal and state vessel trip reports for 2007 and 2008 were considered to be complete in quantifying temporal and spatial variability, which allowed us to develop a simulation study for examining whether the port sampling program could be streamlined by reducing the number of samples collected each year. We found that the port sampling program in 2007 and 2008 represented the trap fishery but not the trawl fishery catch and effort in the Maine fishery. We recommend maintaining the level of sampling intensity for trap gear and increasing the sampling effort for trawl gear. The ports and weeks that significantly impacted key fishery statistics were identified. We found that selections of weeks and ports sampled were critical to the accuracy of the data. We suggest that both temporal and spatial factors be considered in optimizing sampling program design to capture variation of the catch and effort in this fishery. The evaluation methods developed in this study could be used in other fisheries to evaluate the efficiency of their sampling programs.",
        "keywords": [
            "monitoring program evaluation",
            "pandalus borealis",
            "fishery-dependent",
            "northern shrimp",
            "port monitoring",
            "program design",
            "spatial variability",
            "program evaluation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Cinamon Moffett",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Margaret Hunter",
                "org": "Maine Department of Marine Resources, West Boothbay Harbor, ME, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "tilQHQh5": {
        "id": "tilQHQh5",
        "title": "A simulation study of impacts of error structure on modeling stock–recruitment data using generalized linear models",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David Schneider",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Joe Wroblewski",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "1LAJsGlt": {
        "id": "1LAJsGlt",
        "title": "Impacts of aquatic environment protection oriented fishery on the structure of food web in Lake Qiandaohu",
        "abstract": "A study was conducted in 2000 to evaluate impacts of an aquatic environment protection oriented (AEPO) fishery on the structure of food web in Lake Qiandaohu. The AEPO fishery was based on the stocking of silver and bighead carps and the removal of predatory fish and was designed to improve our understanding of ecosystem dynamics to prevent the recurrence of cyanobacterial bloom occurring in 1998 and 1999 and to improve water quality in the Lake Qiandaohu. We constructed Ecopath models of the lake ecosystem for 1999 and 2000, respectively, to compare and analyze quantitatively the changes of the food web structure before and after the implementation of AEPO fishery in the lake. The results showed that AEPO fishery resulted in a reduction of ice fish and common carp biomass and an increase of Culters (esp., Culter mongolicus), Xenocypris and Sinibrama biomass, etc., reducing the niche overlap of both preys and predators in the ecosystem. In addition, The AEPO fishery enhanced the bottom-up effects of bighead carp and silver carp on predatory fish such as Elopichthys and Culters, reduced the suppressing effects of Elopichthys on Culters, of Culters on shrimp, ice fish and common carp, and of ice fish on zooplankton, and enhanced the inhibitory impacts of bighead carp on ice fish, Sinibrama and common carp. These effects of AEPO fishery, making the food web structure optimal such as increasing detritivorous fish like Xenocypris, can result in the enhancement of nutrient recycling and reutilization, eventually leading to the enhancement of purification capability of the lake ecosystem.",
        "keywords": [
            "Aquatic environment protection oriented (AEPO) fishery",
            "Ecopath",
            "Ecosystem",
            "Lake Qiandaohu",
            "Structure of food web"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qigen Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yubo Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liqiao Chen",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine(University of Maine),Orono,United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "GuoDong Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Makang Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangxi He",
                "org": "Hangzhou Qiandaohu Exploitation Co. ltd(Hangzhou Qiandaohu Exploitation Co. ltd),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Laisheng Chen",
                "org": "Hangzhou Qiandaohu Exploitation Co. ltd(Hangzhou Qiandaohu Exploitation Co. ltd),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ronghua Hong",
                "org": "Hangzhou Qiandaohu Exploitation Co. ltd(Hangzhou Qiandaohu Exploitation Co. ltd),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Shengtai Xuebao/ Acta Ecologica Sinica",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "8chUm0KG": {
        "id": "8chUm0KG",
        "title": "Impacts of data quantity on fisheries stock assessment",
        "abstract": "Understanding population dynamics of fish stocks is essential in developing optimal fisheries management strategies. This is often obtained through fitting mathematical models to information/data collected from the fisheries to estimate vital fisheries parameters and their uncertainties. The quantity of fisheries information, often positively related to economic and social values of fisheries, is one of the most important factors influencing the quality of fisheries parameter estimation. We classify the data quantity into two categories: diversity of the information, defined as the number of sources from which the information about a fisheries variable is collected, and number of observations made for a given fisheries variable. Using an abalone fishery as an example, we demonstrate the importance of data quantity in stock assessment and management. Deficiency in data quantity tends to yield biased assessment of the status of fisheries stock and increase the uncertainty in stock assessment, subsequently complicating the identification of an optimal management strategy. This study suggests that there is a need to determine the relative importance of different types of fisheries data for stock assessment in allocating sampling effort to ensure that the most critical information is collected. ",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries data quantity",
            "uncertainty.",
            "fisheries management",
            "stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liqiao Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biology|East China Normal University"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. I. Stergiou",
                "org": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki|Department of Zoology|Laboratory of Ichthyology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "qJfrrUVd": {
        "id": "qJfrrUVd",
        "title": "Impacts of spatial scales of fisheries and environmental data on catch per unit effort standardisation",
        "abstract": "Spatial scale is an important factor that needs to be considered in data collection and analysis in ecological studies. Studies focusing on the quantitative evaluation of impacts of spatial scales are, however, limited in fisheries. Using the Chinese squid-jigging fishery in the north-western Pacific Ocean as an example, we evaluated impacts of spatial scale used in grouping fisheries and environmental data on the standardisation of fisheries catch per unit effort (CPUE). We developed 18 scenarios of different spatial scales with a combination of three latitudinal levels (0.5 ◦ ,1 ◦ and 2 ◦ ) and six longitudinal levels (0.5 ◦ ,1 ◦ ,2 ◦ ,3 ◦ ,4 ◦ and 5 ◦ ) to aggregate the data. We then applied generalised additive models to analyse the 18 scenarios of data for the CPUE standardisation, and quantified differences among the scenarios. This study shows that longitudinal and latitudinal spatial scale and size of the spatial area for data aggregation can greatly influence the standardisation of CPUE. We recommend that similar studies be undertaken whenever possible to evaluate the roles of spatial scales and to identify the optimal spatial scale for data aggregations in the standardisation of CPUE and fisheries stock assessment.",
        "keywords": [
            "additional keywords: cpue standardisation",
            "generalised additive models",
            "ommastrephes bartramii.",
            "north-western pacific ocean",
            "environmental variables",
            "stocks",
            "latitude",
            "fisheries",
            "quantitative analysis",
            "standardization",
            "data collection",
            "fish",
            "stream",
            "crustacea",
            "spatial scale",
            "phylogeography",
            "stock assessment",
            "ecology",
            "toxicology",
            "biology",
            "genetics",
            "coral",
            "algae",
            "oceanography",
            "physiology",
            "biogeochemistry",
            "plankton",
            "estuary",
            "data aggregation",
            "invertebrate",
            "standardisation",
            "educational",
            "hydrology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources|Key Laboratory of Shanghai|Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources|Key Laboratory of Shanghai|Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources|Key Laboratory of Shanghai|Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuxiong Xu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources|Key Laboratory of Shanghai|Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojie Dai",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources|Key Laboratory of Shanghai|Shanghai Ocean University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine and Freshwater Research",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "5uEQRe0w": {
        "id": "5uEQRe0w",
        "title": "Comparative analysis of depth distribution for seventeen large pelagic fish species captured in a longline fishery in the central-eastern Pacific Ocean | Análisis comparativo de la distribución en profundidad de diecisiete especies de grandes pelágicos, capturados en una pesquería de palangre en el océano Pacífico centro-oriental",
        "abstract": "The objective of this study was to estimate depth distribution of pelagic species captured in a longline fishery and to evaluate the difference in depth distribution among species. We estimated depth distribution for 17 frequently captured species based on a Chinese longline fishing trip targeting bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the central-eastern Pacific Ocean in February-November 2006. The depth distributions of 13 bycatch species were significantly different from that of bigeye tuna. Although most of the bycatch species were found to be distributed in water depths shallower than bigeye tuna (i.e. increasing hook depths can decrease catch rates of these species), the rates of catch rates declined with increasing hook depths may be different. The depth distributions were found to be not significantly different between genders for 7 species. There was no significant correlation between fish sizes and capture depths. The information derived from this study can play an important role in reducing bycatch in pelagic tuna longline fisheries in the central-eastern Pacific Ocean.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bycatch",
            "Longline",
            "Pacific Ocean",
            "Pelagic fish",
            "Tuna",
            "Vertical distribution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiangfeng Zhu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuxiong Xu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojie Dai",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ministry of Education China(Ministry of Education),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "7vq8QIFp": {
        "id": "7vq8QIFp",
        "title": "A Complex Adaptive Systems Investigation of the Social-Ecological Dynamics of Three Fisheries.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cas",
            "classifier"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peter S. Hayes",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "James A. Wilson",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Clare Bates Congdon",
                "org": "university of southern maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liying Yan",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jack Hill",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "James Acheson",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Caitlin Cleaver",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Anne Hayden",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Teresa Johnson",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael Kersula",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Graham Morehead",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert Steneck",
                "org": "university of maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "AAAI Fall Symposium: Complex Adaptive Systems",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "3wMXqtaF": {
        "id": "3wMXqtaF",
        "title": "Species identification of ommastrephes bartramii, dosidicus gigas, sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and illex argentinus (Ommastrephidae) using beak morphological variables",
        "abstract": "Four oceanic squid species, Ommastrephes bartramii, Dosidicus gigas, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and Illex argentinus, not only support important commercial fisheries, but also play a vital role in their marine ecosystems. It is therefore important to identify them in the analyses of their predators' stomach contents as this can yield critical information on the trophic dynamics of ecosystems. Hard beaks of the four species frequently found in their predators' stomachs can be used to identify them. In this study, to remove the effect of size differences among individuals, measurements of upper and lower beaks were standardized with an allometric model. A discriminant analysis was carried out to compare morphological differences among the four species and between the sexes for each species. The upper rostral width and upper rostral length showed the greatest interspecific variation in the beak morphological variables of the four Ommastrephidae. The linear discriminant functions of beak morphological variables were developed for the four Ommastraphidae, which resulted in a rate of correct species classification of over 97%. Sexual dimorphism was also found in the beak morphology of O. bartramii and I. argentinus. This study suggests that morphological variables can be used to reliably classify Ommastrephidae at genus level, which can help identify the specie in the stomachs of cephalopod predators. This helps to improve the understanding of the role cephalopods play in their marine ecosystems.",
        "keywords": [
            "beak morphological variable",
            "dosidicus gigas",
            "illex argentinus",
            "ommastrephes bartramii",
            "species classification",
            "sthenoteuthis oualaniensis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huajie Lu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siliang Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ma Jin",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "UfkKci6F": {
        "id": "UfkKci6F",
        "title": "An application of generalized linear models in production model and sequential population analysis",
        "abstract": "In fitting production models and age-structured models to an index of the relative abundance of a fish population, errors are usually assumed to follow a log-normal or normal distribution, without any diagnostic analyses. A generalized linear model can readily deal with many types of error structures. In this paper, a generalized linear model is coupled with a production model and a sequential population model to assess the stock of the Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) 2J3KL. This study suggests that the parameter estimates in these models can be greatly influenced by the assumption about the error structures in the estimation and that log-normal and gamma distributions are appropriate for the production model in assessing the Atlantic cod 2J3KL stock, whereas gamma distribution is appropriate for the sequential population model. We recommend that generalized linear models should be used to identify the appropriate error structure in modeling fish population dynamics.",
        "keywords": [
            "sequential population model",
            "production model",
            "gadus morhua",
            "model error structure",
            "generalized linear model",
            "relative abundance",
            "normal distribution",
            "gamma distribution",
            "age structure",
            "general linear model",
            "model error",
            "parameter estimation",
            "population dynamic",
            "population model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "wlXjGv2r": {
        "id": "wlXjGv2r",
        "title": "Calibrating virtual population analysis for fisheries stock assessment",
        "abstract": "Virtual population analysis (VPA) is often used for assessing freshwater and marine fisheries resources. One important component in VPA is to calibrate abundance estimates with a time series of abundance indices. One of the commonly used calibration processes usually includes simultaneous estimation of cohort sizes across all ages and years. This reduces the flexibility of the model in accounting for age- and year-effects, in particular in the presence of an age-specific curvilinear relationship between abundance index and stock abundance. In this study, we compared this simultaneous method tuning approach with a stepwise approach which calibrates abundance age by age in tuning VPA. The simulation study suggests that the stepwise procedure tends to perform better with no obvious retrospective errors in the estimated stock biomass compared with the simultaneous method which tends to have large positive retrospective errors. In applying the stepwise procedure and simultaneous method to a cod fishery data set, we found large differences in the stock sizes estimated for the most recent year using these two methods, with the current stock size estimated using the stepwise method being substantially smaller than that estimated with the simultaneous method. Considering the likelihood of the presence of curvilinear relationship between abundance index and stock abundance, we conclude that the stepwise method yields more reliable results, and is less risk-prone in using VPA for fisheries stock assessment. Résumé - Calibrer l'analyse de population virtuelle pour évaluer les stocks de pêche. L'analyse de population virtuelle (VPA) est souvent utilisée pour estimer les ressources halieutiques des eaux continentales ou marines. Une phase importante en VPA est la calibration des estimations de l'abondance des cohortes en utilisant une ou des séries temporelles d'indices d'abondance. Une des méthodes couramment utilisée consiste à estimer simultanément l'abon- dance des cohortes sur l'ensemble des âges et des années. On diminue la flexibilité du modèle en prenant en compte ainsi des effets âge - année, en particulier lorsqu'il existe des relations non linéaires propres à chaque âge entre les in- dices d'abondance et l'abondance dans le stock. Dans cette étude, nous comparons cette méthode globale de calibration à une approche pas à pas qui consiste à calibrer l'abondance des cohortes âge après âge. L'étude de simulation montre que la procédure pas à pas tend à mieux opérer, sans erreur rétrospective évidente dans l'estimation de la biomasse du stock, comparée à la méthode globale qui génère rétrospectivement de fortes erreurs positives. En appliquant ces deux méthodes à un jeu de données issues d'une pêcherie de morue, nous avons mis en évidence de grandes différences dans les estimations du stock pour les années les plus récentes, la taille du stock finalement estimée en utilisant la méthode pas à pas, étant beaucoup plus petite que celle par la méthode globale. En considérant la probabilité de l'existence d'une relation non linéaire entre les indices d'abondance et l'abondance dans le stock, nous concluons que la méthode, pas à pas, donne des résultats plus fiables, et est d'un usage moins risqué quand la VPA est utilisée pour évaluer les stocks exploités par la pêche.",
        "keywords": [
            "virtual population analysis vpa / calibration / stepwise procedure / retrospective problem / stock assessment",
            "and simulation",
            "calibration",
            "time series",
            "virtual population analysis",
            "stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences|University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Jiao",
                "org": "Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences|Virginia Tech"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Lu Sun",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography|National Taiwan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Shanghai|Shanghai Fisheries University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquatic Living Resources",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "eAtro9DQ": {
        "id": "eAtro9DQ",
        "title": "Connectivity of lobster (Homarus americanus) populations in the coastal Gulf of Maine: part II. Coupled biophysical dynamics: Connectivity of lobster populations: part II",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LEWIS INCZE",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HUIJIE XUE",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "NICHOLAS WOLFF",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "DANYA XU",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CARL WILSON",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ROBERT STENECK",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "RICHARD WAHLE",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "PETER LAWTON",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "NEAL PETTIGREW",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "YONG CHEN",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Oceanography",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "NuXt0gh7": {
        "id": "NuXt0gh7",
        "title": "Assessing a stock assessment framework for the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis fishery in Maine, USA",
        "abstract": "A Bayesian stock assessment framework with a size-structured population dynamics model used to assess the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis , fishery in Maine, USA was evaluated, using a simulation approach, for its performance in describing sea urchin population dynamics under different recruitment dynamics and data quality. This study suggests that the current stock assessment model performs well in estimating key sea urchin fishery parameters such as exploitable stock biomass, total stock biomass, natural mortality, and fishing mortality under different simulation scenarios, and can capture the dynamics of the Maine sea urchin population. The recruitment dynamics of the sea urchin are likely to vary greatly with large changes occurring in its ecosystem. The finding that the current assessment framework is able to capture different patterns of recruitment dynamics implies that the current assessment framework will remain effective in future stock assessments of the Maine sea urchin fishery.",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries management",
            "green sea urchin",
            "simulation",
            "strongylocentrotus drobachiensis",
            "maine",
            "bayesian size-structured stock assessment framework",
            "fishery management",
            "data quality",
            "population dynamic",
            "stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Minoru Kanaiwa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "218 Libby Hall, School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Margaret Hunter",
                "org": "Maine Department of Marine Resources, West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "fKHOQ9pe": {
        "id": "fKHOQ9pe",
        "title": "A modeling approach to identify optimal habitat and suitable fishing grounds for neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "We developed a habitat suitability index (HSI) model to understand and identify the optimal habitat and potential fishing grounds for neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. Remote sensing data, including sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea surface height, and chlorophyll-a concentrations, as well as fishery data from Chinese mainland squid fleets in the main fishing ground (150-165°E longitude) from August to October, from 1999 to 2004, were used. The HSI model was validated by using fishery data from 2005. The arithmetic mean modeling with three of the environmental variables-sea surface temperature, sea surface height anomaly, and chlorophyll-a concentrations-was defined as the most parsimonious HSI model. In 2005, monthly HSI values >0.6 coincided with productive fishing grounds and high fishing effort from August to October. This result implies that the model can reliably predict potential fishing grounds for O. bartramii. Because spatially explicit fisheries and environmental data are becoming readily available, it is feasible to develop a dynamic, near real-time habitat model for improving the process of identifying potential fishing areas for and optimal habitats of neon flying squid.",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries",
            "biology",
            "ecology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fishery Bulletin",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "CSzkxX1l": {
        "id": "CSzkxX1l",
        "title": "Developing robust frequentist and Bayesian fish stock assessment methods",
        "abstract": "Errors in ¢tting models to data are usually assumed to followa normal (or log normal) distribution in ¢sheries. This assumption is usually used in formulating likelihood functions often required in frequentist and Bayesian stock assessment modelling. Fish- eries data are commonly subject to atypical errors, resulting in outliers in stock assess- ment modelling. Because most stock assessment models are nonlinear and contain multiple variables, it is di⁄cult, if not impossible, to identify outliers by plotting ¢sheries data alone. Commonly used normal distribution-based frequentist and Bayesian stock assessment methods are sensitive to outliers, resulting in biased estimates of model parameters that are vital in de¢ning the dynamics of ¢sh stocks and evaluating alterna- tive strategies for ¢sheries management. Because of the high likelihood of having out- liers in ¢sheries data, frequentist or Bayesian methods robust to outliers are more desirable in ¢sheries stock assessment. This study reviews three approaches that can be used to develop robust frequentist or Bayesian stock assessment methods. Using simulated ¢sheries as examples, we demonstrate how these approaches can be used to develop the frequentist and Bayesian stock assessment approaches that are robust to outliers in ¢sheries data and compare the robust approaches with the commonly used normal distribution-based approach. The proposed robust approaches provide alterna- tive ways to developing frequentist or Bayesian stock assessment methods.",
        "keywords": [
            "¢sheries",
            "robust frequentist method",
            "robust bayesian method",
            "stock assessment",
            "outlier",
            "likelihood function",
            "fisheries",
            "bayesian method",
            "log normal distribution",
            "normal distribution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA; ,Department of Biology, Memorial University of"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Liqiao Chen",
                "org": "Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada; ,Department of Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fish and Fisheries",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "riYzCp8x": {
        "id": "riYzCp8x",
        "title": "Evaluating a seasonal, sex-specific size-structured stock assessment model for the American lobster, Homarus americanus",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries",
            "biology",
            "hydrology",
            "crustacea",
            "toxicology",
            "plankton",
            "biogeochemistry",
            "ecology",
            "estuary",
            "fish",
            "oceanography",
            "coral",
            "performance",
            "population dynamics",
            "stock",
            "physiology",
            "sex",
            "simulation",
            "educational",
            "invertebrate",
            "genetics",
            "algae",
            "phylogeography",
            "seasonality",
            "seasonal variation",
            "stream",
            "stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "minoru kanaiwa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "carl wilson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine and Freshwater Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ApvJyqgv": {
        "id": "ApvJyqgv",
        "title": "Age, growth and population structure of jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, based on statolith microstructure off the Exclusive Economic Zone of Chilean waters",
        "abstract": "The jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, support an important squid fishery off the Exclusive Economic Zone of Chilean waters. However, we only have limited information about their biology. In this study, age, growth and population structure of D. gigas were studied using statoliths from 533 specimens (386 females and 147 males) randomly sampled in the Chinese squid jigging surveys from 2007 to 2008 off the Exclusive Economic Zone of Chile. Mantle lengths (MLs) of the sample ranged from 206 to 702mm, and their ages were estimated from 150 to 307 days for females and from 127 to 302 days for males. At least two spawning groups were identified, the main spawning peak tended to occur between August and November (austral spring group), and the secondary peak appeared during March to June (austral autumn group). The ML-age relationship was best modelled by a linear function for the austral spring group and a power function for the austral autumn group, and the body weight (BW)-age relationship was best described by an exponential function for both the groups. Instantaneous relative growth rates and absolute growth rates for ML and BW did not differ significantly between the two groups. The growth rate of D. gigas tended to be high at young stages, and then decreased after the sub-adult stage (>180 days old). This study suggests large spatial and temporal variability in key life history parameters of D. gigas, calling for the collection of more data with fine spatial and temporal scales to further improve our understanding of the fishery biology of D. gigas. © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2010.",
        "keywords": [
            "age and growth",
            "dosidicus gigas",
            "off exclusive economic zone of chilean waters",
            "population structure",
            "statolith",
            "body weight",
            "exponential function",
            "power function",
            "microstructures",
            "exclusive economic zone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huajie Lu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ministry of Education China(Ministry of Education),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "1nw3hYHi": {
        "id": "1nw3hYHi",
        "title": "Effect of the kuroshio on the spatial distribution of the red flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "As a dominant current in the northwest Pacific Ocean, the Kuroshio influences the population dynamics and species distributions in this region. Using catch per fishing day (CPU E, t/d) of the red flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii (LeSueur, 1821) from the Chinese mainland squid jigging fleets on the feeding ground (150°E-165°E, 38°N-46°N) from August to October of 1998-2007, we calculated the monthly latitudinal center of gravity of CPU E (LATG j) and analyzed the relationship between the strength and position of the Kuroshio and the spatial distribution of O. bartramii. The LATG j for this species differed significantly from month to month. Regression modeling of the LATG vs Kuroshio transport also revealed a significant influence of Kuroshio strength on the north-south movement of O. bartramii. We suggest that the varying strength of the Kuroshio leads to changes in environmental conditions at 150°E-155°E, 40°N-43°N. The environmental variable most significantly correlated with LATG j was sea surface temperature, suggesting that the distribution of O. bartramii is controlled by optimal thermal habitat. We conclude that the spatial distribution of O. bartramii on their feeding grounds from August to October can be forecast using the path and transport of the Kuroshio. © 2012 Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine(University of Maine),Orono,United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bulletin of Marine Science",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "FllArENp": {
        "id": "FllArENp",
        "title": "Assessing the green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis) stock in Maine, USA",
        "abstract": "The green sea urchin ( Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis ) fishery is of great importance to Maine’s economy. The fishery took off in the late 1980s as a result of expanding export markets, but has experienced substantial decline in landings since 1992 because of large decreases in urchin stock abundance. Fishery-independent surveys have not been conducted, and no formal stock assessment has been done prior to this study. Using the data collected from the fishery and urchin life history parameters derived from scientific studies, we conducted a formal stock assessment for the urchin stock. A stochastic observation-error length-structured model is used to describe the dynamics of the sea urchin population. A robust Bayesian approach is used for estimating fishery parameters because of concerns of possible outliers in fisheries data and mis-specification of priors. This study shows that the current stock is only 10% of the virgin stock biomass and that the exploitation rate is close to 40% suggesting that a large reduction in exploitation rate is necessary.",
        "keywords": [
            "strongylocentrotus drobachiensis",
            "maine",
            "stock assessment",
            "robust bayesian approach",
            "data collection",
            "bayesian approach"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Margaret Hunter",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "LXfKkGHQ": {
        "id": "LXfKkGHQ",
        "title": "An application of the composite risk assessment method in assessing fisheries stock status",
        "abstract": "The status of a fishery stock is often determined by comparing an indicator reference point (e.g., current fishing mortality) with a management reference point (e.g., F 0.1 ). Both references are likely subject to large uncertainty. Thus, it is necessary to incorporate such uncertainties in determining the status of fisheries. The composite risk assessment method, which is commonly used in civil engineering, can be used to quantify uncertainty associated with both indicator and management references in evaluating the status of a fishery. Ignoring either part of the uncertainty may result in overexploitation in fisheries management. We applied this method to the Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) fishery of eastern Newfoundland and Labrador. The results suggest that the uncertainties in both indicator and management reference points can influence the evaluation of the fishery stock status. Uncertainty can come from different sources and is difficult to quantify. We suggest conducting a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the relative importance of uncertainties resulting from different sources. Such an analysis will enable one to identify key factors influencing the assessment of stock status and management.",
        "keywords": [
            "composite risk assessment",
            "sensitivity analysis",
            "management reference point",
            "indicator reference point",
            "risk assessment",
            "fishery management"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Joe Wroblewski",
                "org": "Ocean Science Center, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Nfdl, Canada A1B 3X9"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "Be584bwt": {
        "id": "Be584bwt",
        "title": "Preliminary Study of Trap Bycatch in the Gulf of Maine's Northern Shrimp Fishery",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "seasonality",
            "spatial scale",
            "environmental impact",
            "economic value"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "cinamon moffett",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "margaret hunter",
                "org": "university of maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "North American Journal of Fisheries Management",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "367WI66d": {
        "id": "367WI66d",
        "title": "Generalized linear Bayesian models for standardizing CPUE: An application to a squid-jigging fishery in the northwest pacific ocean | Modelos lineales generalizados bayesianos para la estandardización de CPUE: Aplicación a la pesquería de calamar mediante jigging en el Pacífico noroccidental",
        "abstract": "Generalized linear Bayesian (GLBM) non-hierarchical and hierarchical models were developed for standardization of catch per unit effort (CPUE). The GLBM containing the covariates of month, latitude, sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS) and sea level height (SLH) had the best fit for the Chinese squid-jigging fishery of Ommastrephes bartramii in the northwest Pacific Ocean based on deviance information criteria. This best-fitting model tends to be more ecologically sound than other CPUE standardization models, such as generalized linear models and generalized additive models. GLBM was also used to deal with the problems of estimating stock abundance index (i.e. standardized CPUE) resulting from increased spatial heterogeneity of spatial dynamics of fishing efforts in the squid fishery by predicting the standardized CPUE for unfished areas. The standardized CPUE based on data including predicted CPUE of unfished areas was lower than the derived CPUE based on data with observed CPUE alone, in particular during the fishing peak of August to October. This study indicates that it is more appropriate to use the standardized CPUE derived from data including both predicted CPUE of unfished areas and observed CPUE of fished area as a stock abundance index. We suggest that the proposed method be used in CPUE standardization to account for impacts of large spatial heterogeneity of fishing efforts in fisheries.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chinese squid-jigging fishery",
            "CPUE standardization",
            "Generalized linear Bayesian models",
            "Northwest pacific ocean",
            "Ommastrephes bartramii"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ministry of Education China(Ministry of Education),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Ma",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siliang Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University(Shanghai Ocean University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "5ll0avu5": {
        "id": "5ll0avu5",
        "title": "Stock assessment and harvest control rule evaluation for american lobster in the gulf of maine",
        "abstract": "The American lobster (Homarus americanus) supports one of the most valuable commercial fisheries in the United States. Controversy exists in biological reference point (BRP) used in assessing the lobster stock status over the last two decades, and harvest control rule (HCR) is not fully established and evaluated. In this study, using data for the Gulf of Maine from 1982–2007 I developed a seasonal sex-specific size-dependent operating model to evaluate the performance of different HRCs. For each control rule evaluated, different combinations of biomass-based BRPs, fishing mortality-based BRPs and catch-based BRPs had been considered, as well as the management duration (5 and 25 years), recruitment dynamics, and variability in natural mortality. I developed a seasonal sex-specific individual-based per-recruit model to mimic the American lobster life history and fishery in the Gulf of Maine (GOM); Egg-per-recruit, stock spawning biomass-per-recruit, and yield-per-recruit analyses were conducted for estimating F10% and F0.1. I also quantified the relationship between the parental stock and subsequent recruitment; evaluated different time intervals between the spawning stock and recruitment in stock-recruitment modeling; and developed the maximum sustainable yield related biological reference points for the GOM American lobster fishery. In addition, a user-friendly version of stock assessment model was developed to facilitate the easy use of the assessment models by biologists and managers who may not be familiar with modeling and computer programming. This involves interdisciplinary research in the fields of fishery population dynamics, fishery management, statistics and computer programming. It shows that the HCRs with a suitable combination of BRPs can be effective in driving the fishery from the undesired status to an optimal status. The study also suggests that it is important to know the selectivities and pitfalls associated with different stock abundance measures used in the lobster fishery assessment and management. A large uncertainty exists in stock-recruitment relationship for the GOM stock. The study provides a list of HCR and BRPs that can be used as a management target and threshold for the GOM American lobster fishery and develops a series of stock assessment and management tools for the assessment and management of American lobster fishery in the northeast USA.",
        "keywords": [
            "computer programming",
            "american lobster",
            "fishery population dynamic",
            "GOM stock",
            "fishery management",
            "lobster fishery assessment",
            "lobster stock status",
            "American lobster fishery",
            "GOM American lobster fishery",
            "harvest control rule evaluation",
            "biological reference point",
            "stock assessment",
            "different stock abundance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "The University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuying Zhang",
                "org": "The University of Maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Stock assessment and harvest control rule evaluation for american lobster in the gulf of maine",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "TouvWbRM": {
        "id": "TouvWbRM",
        "title": "Determination of squid age using upper beak rostrum sections: technique improvement and comparison with the statolith",
        "abstract": "Analysis of growth increments in beak rostrum sagittal sections (RSSs) has been increasingly used for estimating octopus age. In this study, we develop an effective method to process and read the RSS of four oceanic ommastrephid squid species (Dosidicus gigas, Ommastrephes bartramii, Illex argentinus and Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis) and validate the daily deposition of the increments by comparing to corresponding statolith-determined ages. The proposed method of processing yielded readable rates ranging from 42.9 % in I. argentinus to 71.7 % in D. gigas for samples from I. argentinus to D. gigas. The high precision of the increment readings with low independent counting coefficient of variation indicates that the processing and counting methods used are reliable. This study suggests that the RSS of the upper beak is an appropriate tool for estimating the age of D. gigas, O. bartramii and perhaps S. oualaniensis, although erosion of the rostral region may result in an underestimation of squid ages.",
        "keywords": [
            "Section Plane",
            " Growth Increment",
            " Increment Width",
            " Squid Species",
            " Daily Deposition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "b l liu",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "xin jun chen",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "guan yu hu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine Biology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "W5UtFlyM": {
        "id": "W5UtFlyM",
        "title": "Comparative analysis of depth distribution for seventeen large pelagic fish species captured in a longline fishery in the central-eastern Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "bycatch",
            "pelagic fish"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jiangfeng zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liuxiong xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojie dai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "dY1JdqMH": {
        "id": "dY1JdqMH",
        "title": "Spatio-temporal distribution of skipjack in relation to oceanographic conditions in the west-central Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "The skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, is an economically important oceanic species widely distributed in the west-central Pacific Ocean WCPO. The spatio-temporal distribution of Katsuwonus pelamis with respect to oceanographic and climatic variables during 1995–2010 in the west-central Pacific was examined in this study using purse seine fishery data from South Pacific Fisheries Commission SPC. ‘Gravitational centre’ of two temporal scales i.e. monthly and yearly of catch per unit effort CPUE was calculated to represent the variability of local stock abundance on fishing grounds. Significant inter-annual and seasonal variabilities were observed. Monthly longitudinal ‘centres of gravity’ were correlated with sea surface temperature anomaly SSTA in Niño 3.4 region and monthly latitudinal ‘centres of gravity’ reflect a ‘South–North’ migration pattern of Katsuwonus pelamis. The distribution–habitat associations were quantitatively evaluated including SST between 28–30°C, sea surface height SSHin the range 90–100 cm, gradient SST between 0.1 and 0.7°C 10 km−1,and chlorophyll-achl-a between 0.1 and 0.6 mg m−3 by an empirical cumulative distribution function ECDF. Four clusters of yearly ‘gravitational centres’ were classified using the k-means method, which could be defined as warmpool fishing ground WFG and cold-tongue fishing ground CFG according to their oceanographic habitat. The integrated environmental distribution map combined with the developed model R2 = 0.28, p Katsuwonus pelamis. This study improves our understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of skipjack tuna, which is critical for sustainable management of this important fisheries resources.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jintao Wang",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Remote Sensing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "ynB556F3": {
        "id": "ynB556F3",
        "title": "The skipjack tuna fishery in the west-central Pacific Ocean: applying neural networks to detect habitat preferences",
        "abstract": "Spatial models for habitat selection were developed using neural networks. The model specifications were elucidated from model construction, training, validating, testing, and interpretation, and applied to skipjack tuna in the west-central Pacific Ocean. The model was created using commercial data from the Oceanic Fisheries Programme of the South Pacific Fisheries Commission and oceanic environmental data include sea surface temperature, horizontal gradient of sea surface temperature calculated from sea surface temperature, sea surface height, and chlorophyll-a. Local abundance indices for skipjack tuna were compiled using catch per unit effort, catch or effort. The optimal neural network models for each abundance index were selected by mean square errors and average relative variances. The predictive ability for optimal neural network models was evaluated by the R 2 value using a cross-validation approach. The accuracy and stability of the optimal models, the contribution of independent variables, and the distribution of spatial sensitivity analyses were shown to vary with the abundance index chosen as the response variable. Chlorophyll-a was the most significant oceanographic factor in habitat selection. These results improve our understanding of how best to apply neural networks for modeling habitat selection by skipjack tuna.",
        "keywords": [
            "Neural network",
            " Skipjack tuna",
            " West-central Pacific Ocean",
            " Fishing ground",
            " Oceanographic habitat"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jintao Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jintao Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin Staples",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "XN0TMmN0": {
        "id": "XN0TMmN0",
        "title": "Inter-individual variation in trophic history of Dosidicus gigas, as indicated by stable isotopes in eye lenses",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengyao Huan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Na Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingyuan Lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquaculture and Fisheries",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "xwmbFfGg": {
        "id": "xwmbFfGg",
        "title": "Spatial difference in elemental signatures within early ontogenetic statolith for identifying Jumbo flying squid natal origins",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "population"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "b l liu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "xin jun chen",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Oceanography",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "PVuMJyyA": {
        "id": "PVuMJyyA",
        "title": "Periodic increments in the jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) beak: a potential tool for determining age and investigating regional difference in growth rates",
        "abstract": "Age determination of the jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) has been successfully carried out over its geographic range based on the use of the rings present in the statoliths. In this study, we propose an additional method to identify ages of D. gigas off the Ecuadorian and Chilean Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) waters by using upper beak rostrum sagittal section (RSS) analysis. Our results show periodic growth increments and occasional checks located in the RSS surface. Growth increments meet at the internal rostral axis in the shape of chevron, and the marks in the hood are more discernable and clearer than in the crest. As has been suggested for octopi, checks are thought to represent temperature oscillation and reproductive events. Growth increments are laid down in the RSS daily, and numbers were similar to the numbers of increments used to determine age in statoliths. There was a significant regional difference in age but not in increment width when mantle length effects were considered, where squid off the warm Ecuadorian EEZ waters had a shorter lifespan and higher somatic growth in mantle length than those in the temperate Chilean EEZ waters.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bi Lin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Jun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guan Yu Hu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Yu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Tao Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Yuan Lin",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hydrobiologia",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "6M4i5hJF": {
        "id": "6M4i5hJF",
        "title": "Evaluation of stock variation and sexual dimorphism of beak shape of neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii , based on geometric morphometrics",
        "abstract": "Variability in the shape of hard structures such as mandibles (beaks) due to stock variation or sexual dimorphism is common in cephalopods, and could prove useful in the discrimination of stocks or sexes. In this study, geometric morphometrics of upper and lower beak’s shape are used to analyze the variation between sexes and stocks in Ommastrephes bartramii of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. This species is targeted by the Chinese jigging fleet during the fishing period May–October 2013. Variation in the beak’s pigmentation stage was also investigated. According to our analyses, upper and lower beak shapes of O. bartramii differed significantly between eastern and western stocks of O. bartramii (MANCOVA, P u003c 0.01), and different allometric growths were also detected. The degree of pigmentation by pigmentation stage, changed in upper beaks between the two stocks and in lower beaks with beak size. In the western stock, only lower beak shape and pigmentation stages of upper beak shape showed significant differences between sexes, while the degree of pigmentation stage changed with different beak sizes in the lower beak. Squid stocks could be effectively identified based on the results of a principal component analysis of beak shape, but sexes could not be identified with this technique. We hypothesize that reason for these differences may be caused by the variation of feeding habits between stocks but the sharing of a similar habitat by both sexes.",
        "keywords": [
            "Beak shape",
            " Ommastrephid",
            " Geometric morphometrics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Su",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Katherine Thompson",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hydrobiologia",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "UImnDL6o": {
        "id": "UImnDL6o",
        "title": "Sexual asynchrony in the development of beak pigmentation for the neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the North Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "The squid beak is a hard structure that displays high variability in both shape and coloring and can contain valuable ecological information. The beak pigmentation process reflects changes in growth and diet. In this study, we proposed species–specific beak pigmentation stages (PS) to supplement a previous classification scheme, which quantifies beak growth based on pigmentation variability. We analyzed sexual differences for Ommastrephes bartramii in the North Pacific Ocean. Distribution of beak PS increased with mantle length (ML). Body and beak measurements and beak weight were significantly different between PSs for both sexes. The relationship between ML and beak measurements differed significantly between the sexes. The observed differences might result from variable growth in different habitats as a result of sex-segregated migration in the North Pacific Ocean. The process of beak pigmentation may reflect variability in growth associated with different feeding regimes. The sexual asynchrony of pigmentation can also give us a supplemental way to discriminate different sexes using beak morphometric.",
        "keywords": [
            "Beak",
            " Pigmentation",
            " Ommastrephes bartramii",
            " Sexual asynchrony",
            " North Pacific ocean"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yue Jin",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhua Li",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Science",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "8i9QdXKP": {
        "id": "8i9QdXKP",
        "title": "Preliminary analysis of beak stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) stock variation of neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, in the North Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Stable isotopes ( 13 C and  15 N) have been confirmed as a useful tool for understanding trophic position and related dietary variation in squid. In this study, we performed isotopic analysis on  Ommastrephes bartramii  beaks to examine differences between the eastern and western stocks in the North Pacific Ocean. Isotopic values of the upper beak (UB) and the lower beak (LB) were also compared. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to select variables that explain stock variation. Isotopic signatures ( δ  13 C and  δ  15 N) were significantly different between the two stocks whereas there was no difference in C/N ratios. All isotopic values were significantly different between the UB and LB. Trophic niche width was distinct between two stocks with little overlap. The  δ  13 C signature increased with latitude and mantle length (ML) with greater variability in the eastern stock. None of the variables could explain the variation in  δ  13 C values for the western stock. The  δ  15 N signature increased rapidly with ML in the eastern stock, whereas  δ  15 N gradually increased with latitude and ML in the western stock. The isotopic variations can be successfully explained by different migration patterns and feeding behaviors of the two stocks. The  δ  13 C and  δ  15 N values of the UB were lower than those of the LB, possibly due to variable chitin/protein ratios at different developmental stages. Future studies should account for a greater sample size and the functionality of the UB.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Katherine Thompson",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yue Jin",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "4xPN60Zl": {
        "id": "4xPN60Zl",
        "title": "Age, growth and population structure of jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, off the Costa Rica Dome",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "siquan tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhou fang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gang li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bilin liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "rzODjizc": {
        "id": "rzODjizc",
        "title": "Effects of economics and demographics on global fisheries sustainability.",
        "abstract": "A good understanding of social factors that lead to marine ecological change is important to developing sustainable global fisheries. We used balanced panel models and conducted cross-national time-series analyses (1970-2010) of 122 nations to examine how economic prosperity and population growth affected the sustainability of marine ecosystems. We used catches in economic exclusive zone (EEZ); mean trophic level of fishery landings (MTL); primary production required to sustain catches (expressed as percentage of local primary production [%PPR]); and an index of ecosystem overfishing (i.e., the loss in secondary production index [L index]) as indicators of ecological change in marine ecosystems. The EEZ catch, %PPR, and L index declined gradually after gross domestic product (GDP) per capita reached $15,000, $14,000, and $19,000, respectively, and MTL increased steadily once GDP per capita exceeded $20,000. These relationships suggest that economic growth and biodiversity conservation are compatible goals. However, increasing human populations would degrade marine ecosystems. Specifically, a doubling of human population caused an increase in the %PPR of 17.1% and in the L index of 0.0254 and a decline in the MTL of 0.176. A 1% increase in human population resulted in a 0.744% increase in EEZ catch. These results highlight the importance of considering social and economic factors in developing sustainable fisheries management policy.",
        "keywords": [
            "balanced panel model",
            "curva ambiental de Kuznet",
            "ecological indicators",
            "environmental Kuznet's curve",
            "human population",
            "indicadores económicos",
            "marine fisheries",
            "modelo de panel balanceado",
            "pesquerías marinas",
            "población humana"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ding",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-Water Fisheries, Shanghai, 201306, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yali Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Finance and Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, 200433, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, U.S.A."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "w5jDbLD3": {
        "id": "w5jDbLD3",
        "title": "Vulnerability to impacts of climate change on marine fisheries and food security",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Assessment of fisheries vulnerability to climate change is an important step for enhancing the understanding and decision-making to reduce such vulnerability. This study aimed to provide an analysis of country level vulnerability focusing on food security implications of climatic disturbances on marine fisheries. The comparative magnitude and distribution of potential food security impacts of climatic disturbances on marine fisheries were assessed for 109 countries by scoring and ranking countries against a set of vulnerability criteria including metrics of national exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, highlighting the contribution of marine fisheries to national food and nutrition security. Results showed that developing countries in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Latin America appeared to be most vulnerable, and the key sources of vulnerability differed considerably among the countries. For countries most vulnerable to climate-induced effects on marine fisheries, more than two-thirds of them depended on domestic marine fisheries as a main source of fish supply. Developing appropriate adaptation policies and management plans to reduce the impacts of changing climate is of great importance to sustain food security in these highly vulnerable and heavy marine fisheries-dependent countries.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ding",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ray Hilborn",
                "org": "School of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine Policy",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "CCMDzv8F": {
        "id": "CCMDzv8F",
        "title": "Age, maturation, and population structure of the Humboldt squid Dosidicus gigas off the Peruvian Exclusive Economic Zones",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "mingxia yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhou fang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "siquan tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bilin liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "WM5ZXqGw": {
        "id": "WM5ZXqGw",
        "title": "Beak growth pattern of purpleback flying squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the eastern tropical Pacific equatorial waters",
        "abstract": "Cephalopod beaks maintain a stable morphology, implying that they can be used to explore ecological influences on squid life history. Understanding the beak growth pattern can help us to improve knowledge of the trophic characteristics of squids and to estimate squid biomass. Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis is widely distributed in eastern tropical Pacific equatorial waters and has been caught commercially by Chinese squid jigging fleets since 2011. In this study, we randomly took 220 samples of S. oualaniensis with mantle lengths (ML) of between 119 and 351 mm and body weights (BW) of between 45 and 1975 g and measured six beak morphological variables for each sampled squid. The relationships between ML and all of the beak variables were power functions, except for upper lateral wall length (ULWL), upper crest length, and lower lateral wall length, which showed linear relationships with ML. The relationships between BW and the six beak variables were best fitted with power functions, and these functions can be used to estimate squid biomass from beak variable values. All of the beak morphological variables varied according to the maturity stage of the squid. Results of a post hoc comparison suggested that the values of beak morphological variables for immature squids (maturity stages I and II) showed significant differences from the corresponding values for mature squids (maturity stages III–V). These differences may result from changes in diet that occur during maturation, which affect the relevant mandibular muscle strength. The most common pigmentation stages (PS) encountered were II–V. The relationships of PS to ULWL and lower wing length were best described by exponential functions. Beak morphology and pigmentation of S. oualaniensis tended to change markedly with ontogenetic stage. It is easy to separate mature and immature squids based on their PS. This study provides important biological information on S. oualaniensis.",
        "keywords": [
            "pigmentation",
            "morphology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhou fang",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "luoliang xu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "bilin liu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua li",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Science",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "YMnC0tKM": {
        "id": "YMnC0tKM",
        "title": "Climate-driven latitudinal shift in fishing ground of jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas in the Southeast Pacific Ocean off Peru",
        "abstract": "The jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas is a pelagic squid species extensively distributed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean with climate-related geographical variability. An analysis was carried out to evaluate impacts of climatic and oceanographic variability on spatial distribution of D. gigas in the Southeast Pacific Ocean off Peru. Logbook data of the 2006–2013 Chinese squid-jigging fishery were used to determine latitudinal gravity centres LATG of fishing ground of D. gigas in relation to sea surface temperature SST, chlorophyll-a chl-a concentration and sea surface height SSH, coupled with the SST anomaly SSTA in the Niño 1 + 2 region. Results indicated that the SSTA in the Niño 1 + 2 region played crucial influences on SST, chl-a and SSH on the fishing ground of D. gigas. The LATG of D. gigas exhibited seasonal and interannual variability with closely associations with SST, chl-a, and SSH. Significantly positive relationships were found between monthly LATG and the average latitude of the most favourable contour lines of SST, chl-a, and SSH for D. gigas, with time lags at 0, 7, and 0 month, respectively. The spatial pattern of LATG largely responded to climate-induced oceanographic variability on the squid fishing ground: the Niño 1 + 2 SSTA became warm, the most favourable SST and SSH contour lines for D. gigas would move southward, resulting in a southward movement of the LATG; however, the Niño 1 + 2 SSTA shifted into cold episodes, the most favourable SST and SSH contour lines for D. gigas would shift northward, leading to a northward shift of the LATG. Our findings suggested that the SSTA in the Niño 1 + 2 region coupled with the most favourable contour lines of SST and SSH were the major drivers regulating the latitudinal movement of fishing ground of D. gigas in the Southeast Pacific Ocean off Peruvian waters.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Yu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Yi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Remote Sensing",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "jcBwK64F": {
        "id": "jcBwK64F",
        "title": "Environmental influences on commercial oceanic ommastrephid squids: a stock assessment perspective",
        "abstract": "Ommastrephid squids are short-lived ecological opportunists and their recruitment is largely driven by the surrounding environment. While recent studies suggest that recruitment variability in several squid species can be partially explained by environmental variability derived from synoptic oceanographic data, assessment of ommastrephid stocks using environmental variability is rare. In thisstudy, we modified asurplus production model to incorporate environmental variability into the assessment of threeommastrephid squids ( Ommastrephes bartramii  in the northwest Pacific,  Illex argentinus  in the southwest Atlantic and  Dosidicus gigas  in the southwest Pacific). We assumed that the key environmental variables—suitable sea surface temperature on spawning grounds during the spawning seasons and feeding grounds during the feeding seasons—have effects on the carrying capacity and the instantaneous population growth rate, respectively, in the surplus production model. For each squid stock, the assessment model with environmental variability had the highest fitting accuracy and the lowest mean squared error and coefficient of variation, and the management reference points based on the optimal model were more precautionary. This study advances our understanding of the interactions between the environment and ommastrephid squid population dynamics and can therefore improve the management of these commercially valuable stocks with a short life cycle.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jintao Wang",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University - School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine - Collaborative Innovation Centre for Distant-water Fisheries"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "2Lnr7xey": {
        "id": "2Lnr7xey",
        "title": "Age, growth, and population structure of the red flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) in the North Pacific Ocean, determined from beak microstructure",
        "abstract": "1 College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean University 999 Hucheng Ring Road Shanghai 201306, China 2 National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai Ocean University 999 Hucheng Ring Road Shanghai 201306, China 3 Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of Education Shanghai Ocean University 999 Hucheng Ring Road Shanghai 201306, China",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhua Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Katherine Thompson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Feifei Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fishery Bulletin",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "wLMFz0Mx": {
        "id": "wLMFz0Mx",
        "title": "Spatial variations in beak structure to identify potentially geographic populations of Dosidicus gigas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "morphology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "bilin liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhou fang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "5vPqXplo": {
        "id": "5vPqXplo",
        "title": "Age, growth and maturation of Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean by statolith analysis",
        "abstract": "The age, growth and maturation of the purpleback flying squid, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, were determined by statolith analysis using data from April–June 2013 surveys in the equatorial eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (ETPO). Three distinct growth zones with different width increments (postnuclear, dark and peripheral zones), checks and aberrant microstructures were found in the statoliths. The longevity of the species was a maximum of 0.5 years. Hatching dates were from November to March, with a peak between January and February. The high percentage of mature females (69.5%) suggested that there was at least another peak after April–June, and the study area might be a potential spawning ground for the species. Size and age at first maturity were 192-mm mantle length (ML) and 114 days for females, whereas males began to mature at 137mm ML and 87 days.",
        "keywords": [
            "fish",
            "phylogeography",
            "biogeochemistry",
            "ecology",
            "oceanography",
            "algae",
            "estuary",
            "coral",
            "biology",
            "genetics",
            "fisheries",
            "toxicology",
            "plankton",
            "hydrology",
            "stream",
            "invertebrate",
            "crustacea",
            "educational",
            "physiology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "b l liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin jun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian hua li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine and Freshwater Research",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ed8nRekW": {
        "id": "ed8nRekW",
        "title": "Age, growth and population structure of jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas off the Peruvian Exclusive Economic Zone based on beak microstructure",
        "abstract": "The beak is a hard structure of cephalopods with relatively constant shape, which records a lot of biological and ecological information. Based on samples collected by Chinese squid jigging vessels off the Peruvian Exclusive Economic Zone from July to October 2013, we explored the feasibility of age estimation and growth pattern with the upper beak of Dosidicus gigas. The internal rostral axis and longitudinal increments could be clearly identified on the upper beak rostrum sagittal sections of this species. Checks and abnormal structure were observed in some beaks. Ages estimated were from 123 to 298 days for females and from 106 to 274 days for males. Back-calculated hatching dates were from December 2012 to May 2013. All of the samples were from the austral summer/autumn spawning cohort. Hatching peak occurred between January and March. Growth in mantle length (ML) and body weight were best described by exponential functions and there were no significant differences between females and males. The maximum absolute daily growth rate and instantaneous growth rate of ML were 2.12 mm/day and 0.59/day, respectively. This study suggests that the upper beak could be used for estimating age, growth and population structure of D. gigas.",
        "keywords": [
            "Age",
            " Beak microstructure",
            " Dosidicus gigas",
            " Growth",
            " Population structure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guanyu Hu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilin Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Yang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Science",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "CMRYLzba": {
        "id": "CMRYLzba",
        "title": "Exploration of statolith shape variation in jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, based on wavelet analysis and machine learning methods for stock classification",
        "abstract": "The statolith in cephalopods has a stable morphology and contains important ecological information. Influenced by genetic structures and environmental variability, statolith shapes often vary among different stocks and are ideal indices for stock discrimination. In the present study, wavelet analysis was used to explore the statolith shape variations in Dosidicus gigas (Du0027Orbigny, 1835 in 1834–1847) among four geographic stocks obtained by Chinese jigging fleets in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (ETP). In addition, machine learning methods were compared with traditional classification methods to improve the stock classification results of D. gigas. According to our analyses, statolith shapes of D. gigas differed significantly among the four stocks. Wavelet coefficients extracted from the statolith images by computer software were used to reconstruct the mean statolith shape for every stock. The rostrum and wing of the statolith are two main components determining the variances among stocks. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates clearly separated Costa Rican from other stocks. Machine learning methods performed better than the traditional method of statolith shape classification. The results of our study supported the geographical separation of D. gigas stocks (Costa Rican and equatorial stock in the northern hemisphere, and Peruvian and Chilean stock in the southern hemisphere) reported in previous studies. Wavelet analysis is an appropriate method for stock classification and machine learning methods can effectively improve the classification accuracy and is a promising method for determining the stock structure.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhou Fang",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Su",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin Staples",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bulletin of Marine Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "HObQqIjh": {
        "id": "HObQqIjh",
        "title": "Impacts of climatic and marine environmental variations on the spatial distribution of Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "Ommastrephes bartramii is an ecologically dependent species and has great commercial values among the Asia-Pacific countries. This squid widely inhabits the North Pacific, one of the most dynamic marine environments in the world, subjecting to multi-scale climatic events such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Commercial fishery data from the Chinese squid-jigging fleets during 1995–2011 are used to evaluate the influences of climatic and oceanic environmental variations on the spatial distribution of O. bartramii. Significant interannual and seasonal variability are observed in the longitudinal and latitudinal gravity centers (LONG and LATG) of fishing ground of O. bartramii. The LATG mainly occurred in the waters with the suitable ranges of environmental variables estimated by the generalized additive model. The apparent north-south spatial shift in the annual LATG appeares to be associated with the PDO phenomenon and is closely related to the sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH) on the fishing ground, whereas the mixed layer depth (MLD) might contribute limited impacts to the distribution pattern of O. bartramii. The warm PDO regimes tend to yield cold SST and low SSH, resulting in a southward shift of LATG, while the cold PDO phases provid warm SST and elevated SSH, resulting in a northward shift of LATG. A regression model is developed to help understand and predict the fishing ground distributions of O. bartramii and improve the fishery management.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Yu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Yi",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoping Gao",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Oceanologica Sinica",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "9981EHL5": {
        "id": "9981EHL5",
        "title": "Evaluating effectiveness of biological reference points for bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) fisheries in the Indian Ocean",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Biological reference point (BRP) is one of the essential components in the management strategy evaluation that is used to determine the status of fishery stock and set management regulations. However, as BRPs can be derived from different models and many different BRPs are available, the effectiveness and consistency of different BRPs should be evaluated before being applied to fisheries management. In this study, we used a computation-intensive approach to identify optimal BRPs. We systematically evaluated 1500 combinations of alternative BRPs in managing the bigeye tuna ( Thunnus obesus ) and yellowfin tuna ( Thunnus albacares ) fisheries in the Indian Ocean. The effectiveness and consistency of these BRPs were evaluated using four performance measures related to fisheries landing performance and biomass conservation. Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate various uncertainties. The results suggest that the proposed computation-intensive approach can be effective in identifying optimal BRPs with respect to a set of defined performance measures. We found that the current maximum sustainable yield (MSY)-based BRP combinations are effective target BRPs to manage the bigeye and yellowfin tuna fisheries with the “linear” harvest control rule (HCR). However, using the “knife-edge” HCR, better BRPs could be found for both the bigeye and yellowfin tuna fisheries management with improved fisheries and conservation performance. The framework developed in this study can be used to identify suitable BRPs based on a set of defined performance measures for other fisheries.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuying Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuying Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "International Center for Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "International Center for Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangfeng Zhu",
                "org": "International Center for Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "International Center for Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "International Center for Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquaculture and Fisheries",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "s4i1nxa7": {
        "id": "s4i1nxa7",
        "title": "Spatio-temporal variability in trophic ecology of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) in the southeastern Pacific: Insights from isotopic signatures in beaks",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Jumbo squid ( Dosidicus gigas ) plays an important role in marine ecosystems throughout the eastern Pacific, but the knowledge of its feeding and migration patterns is limited. In this study, we measured stable isotopic values (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) from the edge of lower beak lateral wall to investigate spatio-temporal and trophic ecology of jumbo squid in the southeastern Pacific. The effects of latitude, mantle length and distance to the shelf break (DSB) on isotopic values in normal years (2013 and 2014) and an El Nino year (2015) were evaluated with a generalized additive model. Differences in response curves between the normal and El Nino years revealed a shift of migratory strategy. Compared with normal years, the predicted range of the horizontal migration of jumbo squid became smaller in the El Nino year. The analysis characterized significant differences in the isotopic niche between years and areas. The isotopic niche in the El Nino year was narrower than those in normal years. Our results suggest that the migration and foraging ecology of jumbo squid are substantially influenced by mesoscale oceanic oscillations. The spatio-temporal variability of trophic patterns indicates that substantial migration and foraging plasticity facilitate jumbo squid with a high capability to adapt to environmental volatility.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guanyu Hu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guanyu Hu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert Boenish",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert Boenish",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxia Gao",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bai Li",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "André E. Punt",
                "org": "School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ILONxTIs": {
        "id": "ILONxTIs",
        "title": "Implications of uncertainty in the spawner–recruitment relationship for fisheries management: An illustration using bigeye tuna ( Thunnus obesus ) in the eastern Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries management",
            "stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jiangfeng zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojie dai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shelton j harley",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "simon d hoyle",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mark n maunder",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "alexandre airesdasilva",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "tJwhsrfU": {
        "id": "tJwhsrfU",
        "title": "Evaluating alternative management strategies for bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus , in the Indian Ocean",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "monte carlo simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuhe tong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "0m6IfVWZ": {
        "id": "0m6IfVWZ",
        "title": "Minor fault diagnosis based on fractional-order model of permanent magnet synchronous motor.",
        "abstract": "Permanent magnet synchronous motor with its high torque density, high efficiency and high reliability, has become the mainstream of the drive system for electric vehicles, elevators, etc. The existing method of fault diagnosis based on the motor model has not considered the fractional characteristics of motor. it is difficult to effectively diagnose minor faults of the current. With the permanent magnet synchronous motor as object, based on fractional mathematical model and unscented kalman filter, establish the minor fault diagnosis method for current. Experiments show that the integer order model is difficult to detect the minor fault, while the fractional model can achieve fault diagnosis.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Yu",
                "org": "School of Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Lin Wen",
                "org": "School of Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IECON",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "aXTlyHk7": {
        "id": "aXTlyHk7",
        "title": "Modelling the effects of climate variability on habitat suitability of jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas , in the Southeast Pacific Ocean off Peru",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Yu",
                "org": "1College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Yi",
                "org": "1College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "1College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "5School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "paP3kcNI": {
        "id": "paP3kcNI",
        "title": "Sex‐specific reproductive investment of summer spawners of Illex argentinus in the southwest Atlantic",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dongming lin",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhou fang",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Invertebrate Biology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "2uJ29hYh": {
        "id": "2uJ29hYh",
        "title": "Influence of oceanic climate variability on stock level of western winter–spring cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "The western winter–spring cohort of Ommastrephes bartramii exhibited dynamic stock level associated with concurrent shifts in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation PDO during 2002–2011. To explore the potential mechanism on regional oceanic conditions related to the large-scale PDO phenomenon affecting O. bartramii stocks, we examined variations in the environmental condition on the spawning ground for recruitment, spatial distribution of fishing effort, and habitat hotspots on the fishing ground during different PDO phases. The PDO was found to be highly correlated with the biophysical environmental conditions on the spawning and fishing grounds of O. bartramii. The suitable spawning zone SSZ considered as an indicator of incubation condition was not sufficient to explain the recruitment variability. However, the changing chlorophyll a Chl-a concentration induced variations in feeding condition for squid paralarvae and juveniles, primarily influencing the O. bartramii recruitment. Comparing to the cold PDO phase, high frequency of fishing effort occupied the regions with lower sea surface temperature SST and relatively enhanced Chl-a concentration during the warm PDO phase. The location of fishing efforts tended to be intensive and shifted westward and northward in the cold PDO phase. Moreover, the warm PDO yielded prominently enlarged squid habitat hotspots. This study suggests that stock level of western winter–spring cohort of O. bartramii can be explained by the local environmental conditions including the food availability on the spawning ground, SST, and Chl-a concentration on the fishing ground affecting squid spatial distributions, which could be reflected by the PDO climate variability in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Yu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant–water Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant–water Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Yi",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant–water Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant–water Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Remote Sensing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "CIRBQ0Oy": {
        "id": "CIRBQ0Oy",
        "title": "The effect of sea surface temperature increase on the potential habitat of Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "In the Northwest Pacific Ocean, the squid jigging fisheries from China, Japan and other countries and regions have targeted the west winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid (Ommastrephes bartramii) from August to November since the 1970s. This squid is a short-lived ecological opportunist with a life-span of about one year, and its population is labile and recruitment variability is driven by the environment or climate change. This variability provides a challenge for ones to forecast the key habitats affected by climate change. The catch data of O. bartramii from Chinese squid jigging fishery and the satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) data are used in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from August to November of 1998 to 2004, the SST preferences of O. bartramii corresponding to high values of catch per fishing day (CPUE) are determined and monthly potential habitats are predicted using a histogram analysis of the SST data. The possible changes in the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean are estimated under four climate change scenarios based on the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, i.e., 0.5, 1, 2 and 4°C increases in the SST because of the climate change. The results reveal an obvious poleward shift of the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Xu",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ding",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Oceanologica Sinica",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "JZ50sS9p": {
        "id": "JZ50sS9p",
        "title": "The energy accumulation of somatic tissue and reproductive organs in post-recruit female Illex argentinus and the relationship with sea surface oceanography",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The need to optimize limited energy between reproductive and somatic growth is a vital process for marine animals under variable oceanic environments, especially the cephalopod species with their short monocyclic lifecycle and environment-sensitive growth. In this study, the process of energy accumulated in somatic tissues and reproductive organs of post-recruit female  Illex argentinus , an important world fishery cephalopod species, was investigated and its relation to sea surface oceanography was explored using generalized additive models (GAMs). During the course of sexual maturation, the somatic tissues and nidamental glands have a constant value of energy density, while the energy density of both ovary and oviducal complex increases significantly with maturity. Somatic tissues attain maximum energy at the physiologically maturing stage, decreasing slightly, but not significantly, thereafter. In contrast, the reproductive organs accumulate energy throughout sexual maturation. Additionally, the post-recruit female  I. argentinus  accumulates greater energy in somatic tissues and reproductive organs at lower surface temperature, higher chlorophyll- a  concentration, a particular sea-surface height, and later month during the post-recruitment period. This evidence indicates that the reproductive effort is a continuum, and the interactions of sea surface oceanography might result in a higher level of energy accumulation in this species, which should assist future research of reproductive effort aimed at the strategy of spawning and subsequent recruitment processes of this species.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dongming Lin",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Rd 999, Shanghai, 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Rd 999, Shanghai, 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanran Wei",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Rd 999, Shanghai, 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "AJLrqVDp": {
        "id": "AJLrqVDp",
        "title": "Stock assessment for the western winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid ( Ommastrephes bartramii ) using environmentally dependent surplus production models",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jintao Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "ETrkkyaU": {
        "id": "ETrkkyaU",
        "title": "Detection of potential fishing zones for neon flying squid based on remote-sensing data in the Northwest Pacific Ocean using an artificial neural network",
        "abstract": "Ommastrephes bartramii is a short-lived species of squid and reacts rapidly to changes in the regional environmental conditions of the fishing ground. Understanding the preferred range of key environmental variables and predicting potential resource distributions are critical to conserve and manage its resources. Commercial fishery data for the western winter–spring cohort of O. bartramii from Chinese squid-jigging vessels during 2003–2013 were used to evaluate a suitable range of three key environmental variables, sea surface temperature SST, sea surface height SSH, and chlorophyll-a chl-a concentration, and to explore potential fishing zones PFZs using an artificial neural network. The neural interpretation diagram and independent variable relevance analysis indicate that month, latitude, and SST had significant influences on the PFZ distribution of O. bartramii, yielding 21.78%, 23.91%, and 26.04% of contribution rates, respectively. Based on the sensitivity analyses, a high abundance of O. bartramii mainly occurred in the waters between 150°–165° E and 37°–42° N during July to August. Suitable ranges of environmental variables for O. bartramii were 11–18°C for SST, −10 to 60 cm for SSH, and 0.1–1.7 mg/m3 for chl-a concentration, respectively. The back-propagation network model was well developed and could be used to predict the PFZ with 80% accuracy. The actual fishing grounds coincided with the predicted PFZ, suggesting that the established model of PFZ is effective in forecasting the potential habitat of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jintao wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lin lei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Remote Sensing",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "wgNib3f5": {
        "id": "wgNib3f5",
        "title": "Spatio-temporal distributions and habitat hotspots of the winter–spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in relation to oceanographic conditions in the Northwest Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wei yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qian yi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "7IRZj64l": {
        "id": "7IRZj64l",
        "title": "Evaluating the impact of spatio-temporal scale on CPUE standardization",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chan han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "siquan tian",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "a7yGLpjx": {
        "id": "a7yGLpjx",
        "title": "Generalized linear Bayesian models for standardizing CPUE: an application to a squid-jigging fishery in the northwest Pacific Ocean",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jie cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bilin liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jin ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "siliang li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Fvpdl6wX": {
        "id": "Fvpdl6wX",
        "title": "Fisheries Management in a Changing Climate: Lessons From the 2012 Ocean Heat Wave in the Northwest Atlantic",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "sigrid lehuta",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "janet nye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jenny sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "andrew c thomas",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "katherine e mills",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "andrew j pershing",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c e brown",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fusung chiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "daniel s holland",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard a wahle",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Oceanography",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "Iqyzh83o": {
        "id": "Iqyzh83o",
        "title": "Multiplex microsatellite PCR sets for parentage assignment of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jianjun fu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yubang shen",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoyan xu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "da li",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jiale li",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquaculture International",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "zkf5JXXE": {
        "id": "zkf5JXXE",
        "title": "Spatio-temporal index standardization improves the stock assessment of northern shrimp in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "Estimated trends in relative stock abundance are a primary input to fish stock assessments. Accurate and precise estimates are essential for successful conservation and management. Scientifically designed data collection ensures that estimates of relative abundance are unbiased. However, the statistical efficiency of a design-based estimator may be low under certain circumstances. We apply a recently developed spatiotemporal model that incorporates habitat variables to estimate a model-based abundance index for northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in the Gulf of Maine. We contrast this spatiotemporal index with a classical design-based index and evaluate the impacts of differences between the two abundance indices on the stock assessment. We show that using the spatiotemporal index in the assessment model greatly alters the estimates of recruitment and spawning stock biomass and the determination of stock status. Also, incorporating the spatiotemporal index leads to less retrospective bias and outperforms ...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "James T. Thorson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "R. Anne Richards",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Ua8OcXF5": {
        "id": "Ua8OcXF5",
        "title": "An application of robust Bayesian methods in fisheries stock assessment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "margaret hunter",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "28ucCoIU": {
        "id": "28ucCoIU",
        "title": "Modeling co-occurring species: a simulation study on the effects of spatial scale for setting management targets",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dawn t dougherty",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ray hilborn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "andre e punt",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ian j stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "QkPs1pJQ": {
        "id": "QkPs1pJQ",
        "title": "Estimating exploitable stock biomass for the Maine green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) fishery using a spatial statistics approach",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "ecology",
            "fisheries",
            "biology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "robert grabowski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "thomas windholz",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fishery Bulletin",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "rfv01IoV": {
        "id": "rfv01IoV",
        "title": "Estimation of growth within Stock Synthesis models: Management implications when using length-composition data",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "growth",
            "fisheries management",
            "stock assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jiangfeng zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mark n maunder",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "alexandre airesdasilva",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "LjY2wTsQ": {
        "id": "LjY2wTsQ",
        "title": "An analysis of error structure in modeling the stockrecruitment data of gadoid stocks using generalized linear models",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "sample size",
            "model error",
            "general linear model",
            "gamma distribution",
            "parameter estimation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yan jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "david m schneider",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j s wroblewski",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "SUEbVZN6": {
        "id": "SUEbVZN6",
        "title": "CNH: Collaborative Research: Direct and Indirect Coupling of Fisheries Through Economic, Regulatory, Environmental, and Ecological Linkages",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries management",
            "biological oceanography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "andrew j pershing",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jeffrey a runge",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "3mzbAwTq": {
        "id": "3mzbAwTq",
        "title": "The influence of spatially variable and connected recruitment on complex stock dynamics and its ecological and management implications",
        "abstract": "To evaluate the influence of spatially variable and connected recruitments at spawning component scale on complex stock dynamics, a typical agent-based complex stock was modeled based on the Atlantic cod stock in the Gulf of Maine. We simulated three scenarios with different degrees of connectivity (i.e., individual exchange) between the spatially variable recruitments of 36 spawning components within four subpopulations under the stock. Subsequently, the temporal trends were compared for different scenarios in age-1 recruitment, spawning stock biomass (SSB) and local depletion proportion of the overall complex stock and the individual subpopulations. Results show that increased recruitment connectivity from 0.1 – 0.2 to 0.6 – 0.8 between various components tends to increase the productivity and stability of a complex stock at local and global scales and reduce the proportion of depleted components due to overfishing. Moreover, depletions of less productive components may occur without a substantial reduc...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "James A. Wilson",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Timothy M. Waring",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisa A. Kerr",
                "org": "Gulf of Maine Research Institute, 350 Commercial Street, Portland, ME 04101, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiujuan Shan",
                "org": "Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "fKaNMBAw": {
        "id": "fKaNMBAw",
        "title": "Improving assessment of Pandalus stocks using a seasonal, size-structured assessment model with environmental variables: Part I: Model description and application",
        "abstract": "Pandalus species display the following features that make it difficult to apply traditional age-based stock assessment models: (i) difficulty of determining age in the absence of hard parts retained through the molt; (ii) sex change in which individuals mature first as males and then transform to females; and (iii) potentially strong influence of environmental conditions on recruitment population dynamics. In this context, we propose a seasonal, size-structured assessment model dedicated to stock assessment of hermaphroditic Pandalidae. The modeling framework incorporates a submodel for changes of length at sex transformation and functions to incorporate environmental effects on recruitment dynamics. The model can be directly fitted to length-structured data, overcoming the length to age conversion problem. The model has a seasonal time step that allows it to account for seasonal variations in biological processes and fishing patterns. The model provides stock assessment outputs, such as fishing mortality...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "R. Anne Richards",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "s7hhCLkb": {
        "id": "s7hhCLkb",
        "title": "Impacts of population and fishery spatial structures on fishery stock assessment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "matthew cieri",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "terrance quinn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenjiang guan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "gGKpfhTC": {
        "id": "gGKpfhTC",
        "title": "Multivariate dissemination of species relationships for use in marine spatial planning",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "adrian jordaan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "michael g frisk",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lewis s incze",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nicholas h wolff",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lindsay hamlin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "terrance quinn",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "IRZMPpdU": {
        "id": "IRZMPpdU",
        "title": "Can back-calculated lengths based on otoliths measurements provide reliable estimates of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) growth in the Gulf of Maine (U.S.A.)?",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Atlantic halibut ( Hippoglossus hippoglossus , Linnaeus, 1758) are a data-poor stock within the waters of the United States. This study evaluated the use of otolith measurements to back-calculate lengths of Atlantic halibut at previous ages. Back-calculations have proven useful for estimating length at age and growth rates of other species. To the best knowledge of the authors, this study is the first to document the use of this method for Atlantic halibut. Otolith back-calculations rely on a few key assumptions, such as proportionality of fish length and otolith length, which are not always met. This study shows that back-calculations using the Fraser-Lee method can provide reasonable estimates of Atlantic halibut length at previous ages, especially when samples from young halibut are included to improve estimates of the intercept of the linear regressions. Based on back-calculated estimates, female and male halibut in the Gulf of Maine showed different growth rates after age five. There was no evidence of changes in growth rates over an approximately 15 year time period. Halibut caught in the Gulf of Maine and on the neighboring Scotian Shelf showed some differences in growth rates; however, the results did not support strong conclusions about differences between the two regions as the direction of the differences was not consistent between the sexes and previous tagging studies have shown extensive movement between the two areas. The finding of reasonably accurate back-calculated lengths at previous ages is important for this data-poor species, as back-calculations increase the amount of information that can be obtained from otoliths.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Julia Beaty",
                "org": "Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, Dover, DE 19904, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquaculture and Fisheries",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "EnTbzM3y": {
        "id": "EnTbzM3y",
        "title": "Corrigendum to “Modeling spatiotemporal variability of the bioclimate envelope of Homarus americanus in the coastal waters of Maine and New Hampshire” [Fish. Res. 177 (2016) 137–152]",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "41iykpod": {
        "id": "41iykpod",
        "title": "Modeling the dynamics of ecosystem for the American lobster in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "The objective of this study is to evaluate impacts of different management scenarios for American lobster () and Atlantic cod () fisheries on the dynamics of ecosystem for the lobster in the Gulf of Maine (GOM). The GOM lobster supports one of the most economically valuable commercial fisheries in the northeastern United States. The GOM ecosystem has experienced a great change over the last two decades, switching from a groundfish-dominated ecosystem to a lobster-dominated ecosystem. An evaluation of the GOM ecosystem dynamics can help identify possible causes of such a change and improve our understanding of interactions between lobster and other species in the same ecosystem. In this study, we developed a 24-group Ecosim model to quantify the ecosystem dynamics in the GOM from 1985 to 2007. We developed a Monte Carlo simulation approach to incorporate uncertainties for 15 most sensitive vulnerabilities. We found that the GOM ecosystem dynamics could be generally well simulated using the Ecosim model compiled in this study. A high fishing mortality in cod could result in high lobster stock biomass, suggesting that higher fishing pressure on cod in the 1980s might contribute to the high lobster biomass in recent years. A higher fishing mortality for lobster would have led to a lower lobster biomass. The change in the fishing mortality of cod and lobster would also affect the biomass dynamics of other functional groups, indicating that the Atlantic cod and American lobster fisheries played an important role in the change of the GOM ecosystem in the last two decades.",
        "keywords": [
            "American lobster",
            "Atlantic cod",
            "Ecosim",
            "Fishing impact",
            "Gulf of Maine",
            "Vulnerability"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuying zhang",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "yunkai li",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquatic Ecology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "YNgP6ljr": {
        "id": "YNgP6ljr",
        "title": "Using an individual-based model to simulate the Gulf of Maine American lobster (Homarus americanus) fishery and evaluate the robustness of current management regulations",
        "abstract": "Individual-based models (IBMs) can capture complex processes with a flexible probabilistic approach, which makes them useful for studying organisms with complex life history and fishery processes such as the American lobster (Homarus americanus). This research aims to modify and parameterize an individual-based lobster simulator (IBLS) to simulate the American lobster fishery in the Gulf of Maine. To simulate the fishery, the IBLS was tuned to match the seasonal catch and size composition from the 2015 American lobster stock assessment by adjusting the values of coefficients for select parameters. With appropriate coefficients for the initial abundance, recruitment, and seasonal encounter probability levels, the tuned IBLS accurately simulated the historical landings. Given the uncertainty in future American lobster recruitment, the tuned IBLS was then used to evaluate the effectiveness of current management regulations under different levels of recruitment.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Mackenzie Dale Mazur",
                "org": "University of Maine School of Marine Sciences, 70182, Orono, Maine, United States, ;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bai Li",
                "org": "University of Maine College of Natural Sciences Forestry and Agriculture, 123746, School of Marine Sciences, 217 Libby Hall, Orono, Maine, United States, 04469, ;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Miss Jui-Han Chang",
                "org": "University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, Maine, United States, 04469-5741, , ;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "SzNW4TY5": {
        "id": "SzNW4TY5",
        "title": "Estimating spatial non-stationary environmental effects on the distribution of species: a case study from American lobster in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bai Li",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mackenzie Mazur",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Richard A. Wahle",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "xA6Paoyw": {
        "id": "xA6Paoyw",
        "title": "A simulation-based evaluation of sea sampling design for American lobster in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Fishery-dependent monitoring programs provide valuable information for the assessment and management of fishery stocks. The quality of the data and subsequent stock assessment are largely influenced by sampling design and sample size. The Lobster Sea Sampling Program in the Gulf of Maine yields critical information for the assessment of American lobster ( Homarus americanus ). To facilitate the use of an on-boat tablet-based data entry system, which will replace the current voice recording system, the sampling program requires development of a subsampling procedure to account for a decrease in the data recording speed after the new data entry system is implemented. We evaluated the performance of four potential subsampling strategies, including possible combinations of simple random vs. systematic subsampling with fixed subsample size vs. subsample size in proportion to reference data. Proportional subsampling showed lower relative estimation error and relative bias compared to subsampling with fixed subsample size. Within the two proportional subsampling strategies, systematic subsampling showed similar precision and accuracy compared to random subsampling, but systematic subsampling is more feasible to be conducted onboard. We concluded that the systematic subsampling of 50% of reference data could reduce current sampling effort but still capture the temporal trend of reference data. The simulation approach developed in this study can also be applied to optimize other fisheries-dependent monitoring programs.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bai Li",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kathleen Reardon",
                "org": "Maine Department of Marine Resources, West Boothbay Harbor, ME, 04575, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Carl Wilson",
                "org": "Maine Department of Marine Resources, West Boothbay Harbor, ME, 04575, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ZUgRiIRk": {
        "id": "ZUgRiIRk",
        "title": "Effectiveness of Harvest Control Rules in Managing American Lobster Fishery in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuying zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "North American Journal of Fisheries Management",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "yVjmt6jR": {
        "id": "yVjmt6jR",
        "title": "Roles of spatial scale in quantifying stock-recruitment relationships for American lobsters in the inshore Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "m j chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "william halteman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "carl wilson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "gUntktkI": {
        "id": "gUntktkI",
        "title": "Spatiotemporal dynamics of effective fishing effort in the American lobster (Homarus americanus) fishery along the coast of Maine, USA",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Utilization and interpretation of fishery-dependent data such as fishing effort, although important in quantifying the dynamics of a fishery, tend to be challenging due to non-random sampling and the complexity of quantifying a species’ interaction with complex effects of environmental factors. We developed a framework for estimating effective fishing effort from fishery-dependent sampling data for the coastal Maine American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) fishery, where a lack of high resolution effort data does not permit sufficient understanding of fishery dynamics. This framework incorporates environmental covariates in a bootstrapped two-stage generalized additive model to standardize lobster catch per unit effort (CPUE) from 2006 to 2013. Estimated confidence intervals (CIs) of sub-regional standardized CPUE were combined with congruent resolution landings data to estimate CIs of effective effort. Both effort and landings varied seasonally, with the peak of effective effort consistently preceding the peak of landings. Coast-wide from 2006 to 2013, effective effort increased modestly (4.6%) while landings increased dramatically (69.6%), suggesting assessment of spatiotemporal fishery dynamics may provide important insights for future management. Characteristic northeast-southwest differences in catch and effort suggest spatial non-stationarity of biological, temporal, and geographic processes in the Maine coastal American lobster fishery. The approach developed in this study has utility in situations in which a fishery may be data-limited, or with a surplus of fishery-dependent data.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Robert Boenish",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, 219 Libby Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "wytnC6ZI": {
        "id": "wytnC6ZI",
        "title": "Density-independent and density-dependent factors affecting spatio-temporal dynamics of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) distribution in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjiang Ye",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong Wan",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert Boenish",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "OUsSn55M": {
        "id": "OUsSn55M",
        "title": "Habitat suitability modeling based on a spatiotemporal model: an example for cusk in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "Habitat use and distribution is a critical aspect in the management and conservation of a species, particularly for those in decline. Habitat suitability indices (HSI) are a common method of habitat mapping dependent on empirical data that can easily lead to misunderstanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of marine species experiencing population decline and density-dependent catchability within surveys. This is especially true when only a single monitoring program with limited spatio-temporal coverage is used. A delta-GLMM was used to combine trawl and longline surveys to predict density estimates for Cusk (Brosme brosme) in un-sampled locations for use in HSIs. Catchability was estimated for longline and trawl gear without having an estimate of area fished for the longline survey. HSIs performed better using model-based density estimates from multiple surveys compared to sample-based abundance indices from a single survey. The increased spatial resolution can better inform the HSIs by providing informatio...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jocelyn Runnebaum",
                "org": "University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Loretta O’Brien",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "VthJMhyF": {
        "id": "VthJMhyF",
        "title": "A model-based approach to incorporate environmental variability into assessment of a commercial fishery: a case study with the American lobster fishery in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kisei R Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 18 West Mall Rd, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 18 West Mall Rd, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Burton V Shank",
                "org": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Samuel B Truesdell",
                "org": "Gulf of Maine Research Institute, 350 Commercial Street, Portland, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mackenzie D Mazur",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 18 West Mall Rd, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Luoliang Xu",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 18 West Mall Rd, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 18 West Mall Rd, Orono, ME, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "hySaAzsF": {
        "id": "hySaAzsF",
        "title": "Developing and evaluating harvest control rules with different biological reference points for the American lobster (Homarus americanus) fishery in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuying zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "carl wilson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "u2IfuXJL": {
        "id": "u2IfuXJL",
        "title": "Evaluation of coded microwire tag retention in juvenile American lobster, Homarus americanus",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries management",
            "mark recapture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "marissa d mcmahan",
                "org": "gulf of maine research institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "diane f cowan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "graham d sherwood",
                "org": "gulf of maine research institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "jonathan h grabowski",
                "org": "northeastern university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Crustacean Biology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "edKses5P": {
        "id": "edKses5P",
        "title": "Early Life History and a Modeling Framework for Lobster (Homarus americanus) Populations in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "Beginning in the late 1980s, lobster (Homarus americanus) landings for the state of Maine and the Bay of Fundy increased to levels more than three times their previous 20-year means. Reduced predation may have permitted the expansion of lobsters into previously inhospitable territory, but we argue that in this region the spatial patterns of recruitment and the abundance of lobsters are substantially driven by events governing the earliest life history stages, including the abundance and distribution of planktonic stages and their initial settlement as Young-of-Year (YOY) lobsters. Settlement densities appear to be strongly driven by abundance of the pelagic postlarvae. Postlarvae and YOY show large-scale spatial patterns commensurate with coastal circulation, but also multi-year trends in abundance and abrupt shifts in abundance and spatial patterns that signal strong environmental forcing. The extent of the coastal shelf that defines the initial settlement grounds for lobsters is important to future population modeling. We address one part of this definition by examining patterns of settlement with depth, and discuss a modeling framework for the full life history of lobsters in the Gulf of Maine.",
        "keywords": [
            "population model",
            "life history",
            "spatial pattern"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "lewis s incze",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard a wahle",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "N. Wolff",
                "org": "lsi corporation"
            },
            {
                "name": "charles l wilson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "robert s steneck",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "E. Annis",
                "org": "chesapeake biological laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "peter lawton",
                "org": "university of st andrews"
            },
            {
                "name": "huijie xue",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Crustacean Biology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "eBux9Rgo": {
        "id": "eBux9Rgo",
        "title": "Evaluation of Effectiveness of Fixed-Station Sampling for Monitoring American Lobster Settlement",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "bai li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "juihan chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "carl wilson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "North American Journal of Fisheries Management",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "MXBZj6To": {
        "id": "MXBZj6To",
        "title": "IAn evaluation of an inshore bottom trawl survey design for American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) using computer simulations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jie cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "juihan chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinjun chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "QRGRSDP7": {
        "id": "QRGRSDP7",
        "title": "Evaluating spatio‐temporal variability in the habitat quality of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "University of Maine School of Marine Sciences Orono ME U.S.A"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine School of Marine Sciences Orono ME U.S.A"
            },
            {
                "name": "James A. Wilson",
                "org": "University of Maine School of Marine Sciences Orono ME U.S.A"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Oceanography",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "trtLFhoA": {
        "id": "trtLFhoA",
        "title": "Mesoscale climatic impacts on the distribution of Homarus americanus in the US inshore Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "American lobster (Homarus americanus) supports one of the most valuable fisheries in the United States. Spatial distributions of H. americanus are hypothesized to be influenced by climate-driven environmental factors, but such effects have not been quantified. We developed a Tweedie generalized additive model (GAM) to quantify environmental effects on season-, sex-, and size-specific distributions of H. americanus in the inshore Gulf of Maine. Tweedie GAMs were coupled with regional circulation model output to predict spatiotemporal changes in distribution of H. americanus due to mesoscale climate variability. GAM results indicated that bottom temperature and salinity impacts on H. americanus distribution were more pronounced during spring. The coupled climate–niche model predicted significantly higher H. americanus abundance under a warm climatology scenario. This study provides a predictive climate–niche modelling framework that may be useful for planning fishery investments and anticipating management ...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jui-Han Chang",
                "org": "Northeast Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Larry D. Jacobson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "aNF9ieZM": {
        "id": "aNF9ieZM",
        "title": "Quasi‐Stationary Atlantic Cod Bycatch Estimation in the Maine American Lobster Homarus americanus Trap Fishery",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Robert Boenish",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences University of Maine Libby Hall 219 Orono Maine 04469 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences University of Maine Libby Hall 219 Orono Maine 04469 USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "North American Journal of Fisheries Management",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "AHjw7PSJ": {
        "id": "AHjw7PSJ",
        "title": "Impacts of seasonal stock mixing on the assessment of Atlantic cod in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jie cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "samuel b truesdell",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "gaDzvHoF": {
        "id": "gaDzvHoF",
        "title": "Spatiotemporal Variability of Suitable Habitat for American Lobster (Homarus americanus) in Long Island Sound",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "habitat"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kisei tanaka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Vtshmhnd": {
        "id": "Vtshmhnd",
        "title": "Spatiotemporal variability in the phenology of the initial intra-annual molt of American lobster (Homarus americanus Milne Edwards, 1837) and its relationship with bottom temperatures in a changing Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kevin W. Staples",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David W. Townsend",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damian C. Brady",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Oceanography",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "rO8GUsb4": {
        "id": "rO8GUsb4",
        "title": "A statistical model for monitoring shell disease in inshore lobster fisheries: A case study in Long Island Sound.",
        "abstract": "The expansion of shell disease is an emerging threat to the inshore lobster fisheries in the northeastern United States. The development of models to improve the efficiency and precision of existing monitoring programs is advocated as an important step in mitigating its harmful effects. The objective of this study is to construct a statistical model that could enhance the existing monitoring effort through (1) identification of potential disease-associated abiotic and biotic factors, and (2) estimation of spatial variation in disease prevalence in the lobster fishery. A delta-generalized additive modeling (GAM) approach was applied using bottom trawl survey data collected from 2001-2013 in Long Island Sound, a tidal estuary between New York and Connecticut states. Spatial distribution of shell disease prevalence was found to be strongly influenced by the interactive effects of latitude and longitude, possibly indicative of a geographic origin of shell disease. Bottom temperature, bottom salinity, and depth were also important factors affecting the spatial variability in shell disease prevalence. The delta-GAM projected high disease prevalence in non-surveyed locations. Additionally, a potential spatial discrepancy was found between modeled disease hotspots and survey-based gravity centers of disease prevalence. This study provides a modeling framework to enhance research, monitoring and management of emerging and continuing marine disease threats.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kisei R Tanaka",
                "org": "Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America."
            },
            {
                "name": "Samuel L Belknap",
                "org": "Department of Anthropology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jared J Homola",
                "org": "School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States of America."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PloS one",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "rJbkzLlS": {
        "id": "rJbkzLlS",
        "title": "A spatiotemporal Evaluation of Atlantic Sea Scallop Placopecten magellanicus Habitat in the Gulf of Maine Using a Bioclimate Envelope Model",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Michael P. Torre",
                "org": "University of Maine School of Marine Sciences Orono Maine 04469 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "University of Maine School of Marine Sciences Orono Maine 04469 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine School of Marine Sciences Orono Maine 04469 USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "aFhd86SY": {
        "id": "aFhd86SY",
        "title": "Modeling spatiotemporal variability of the bioclimate envelope of Homarus americanus in the coastal waters of Maine and New Hampshire",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A bioclimate envelope model was developed to evaluate the potential impacts of climate variability on American lobster ( Homarus americanus ). Bioclimate envelopes were defined by season-, sex-, and stage- specific Habitat Suitability Indices (HSI) based on (1) bottom temperature, (2) bottom salinity, and (3) depth. The species’ association to each of these three environmental attributes was expressed using Suitability Indices (SIs) calibrated by standardized lobster abundance derived from 14 years of fishery independent survey. A regional ocean model (Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model) was integrated with the HSI to hindcast spatiotemporal variability of bioclimate envelopes for American lobster in coastal waters of Maine and New Hampshire from 1978 to 2013. The model predictions indicated higher habitat suitability in inshore waters for both adult and juvenile lobsters. A statistically significant increasing trend in habitat suitability was observed for both sexes and stages (juvenile and adult) during the spring (April–June), while no significant trend in habitat suitability was observed in the fall (September–November). This study provides a modeling framework to reconstruct climatically suitable lobster ranges that can be used to formulate climate-based hypotheses for future studies of this species.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "IyVMPtzC": {
        "id": "IyVMPtzC",
        "title": "The influence of complex structure on the spatial dynamics of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the Gulf of Maine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin Staples",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bai Li",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Manuel Hidalgo",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "PxDe3Z5L": {
        "id": "PxDe3Z5L",
        "title": "Impacts of fish aggregation devices on size structures of skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xuefang wang",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "liuxiong xu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "guoping zhu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "siquan tian",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jiangfeng zhu",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquatic Ecology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "Tqkl5iCs": {
        "id": "Tqkl5iCs",
        "title": "Evaluation of effects of shellfish aquaculture and capture fishery on a semi-closed bay ecosystem",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Coastal waters in the world are suffering from multiple anthropogenic disturbances, including capture fisheries and aquaculture. Ignoring possible interactions between multiple disturbances may cause serious consequences in our understanding of ecosystem dynamics. This study simulates individual and combined effects of fishing activities and shellfish cultivation on a semi-closed bay ecosystem using Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE). The changes of biomass and ecosystem structure were examined for three scenarios of having fishing alone, shellfish cultivation alone and both fishing and aquaculture. We found considerable impacts of shellfish aquaculture but minor impacts from fishing, suggesting shellfish aquaculture had dominated impacts on the study ecosystem. In addition, the effects of fishing and shellfish aquaculture were not additive on species biomass, rather showing a combined effect with synergy. Given the same loss in fisheries yield, controlling fishing and shellfish aquaculture simultaneously was more efficient for increasing nekton biomass compared to the control of either activity. We highlight the necessity for integrating management of multiple human stressors for an ecosystem-based management.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dongyan Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dongyan Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "4DpY1FJd": {
        "id": "4DpY1FJd",
        "title": "Use of random forests and support vector machines to improve annual egg production estimation",
        "abstract": "The delta-generalized additive model (Delta_GAM) is commonly used for analyzing zero-inflated continuous data, and has been widely applied in egg production methods (EPMs). It consists of two GAMs: one with a binomial distribution to estimate the probability of non-zero values, and the other with a log-normal distribution (Delta_LN model) or a gamma distribution (Delta_LG model) to model the continuous non-zero values. However, the rather restrictive distribution assumptions are not fulfilled for egg production data. In this study, we modified the Delta_GAMs using two machine learning techniques: random forest (Delta_RF) and support vector machines (Delta_SVM). We applied the tenfold cross-validation procedure to compare the performance of these four models using root mean square error (RMSE) and the EPM survey data of small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis, mullet Liza haematocheilus and gizzard shad Konosirus punctatus from Haizhou Bay, China. Both the Delta_RF and Delta_SVM models showed superior performance to that of the Delta_LN and Delta_LG models. Predicted spatial and temporal distributions varied among the models, although predictive performance varied little. The annual egg production was predicted and estimated with large uncertainty. We propose that machine learning techniques such as RFs and SVMs be used to model zero-inflated continuous data from EPM surveys, which tend to provide a more reliable estimation of annual egg production (AEP).",
        "keywords": [
            "Egg production method",
            " Zero-inflated data",
            " Delta model",
            " Random forests",
            " Support vector machines"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong Wan",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjiang Ye",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Liu",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiqian Jiang",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "7pYeIqTp": {
        "id": "7pYeIqTp",
        "title": "Evaluating impacts of intensive shellfish aquaculture on a semi-closed marine ecosystem",
        "abstract": "Shellfish aquaculture production in the world, especially in China, has expanded rapidly in recent years. However, understanding of potential impacts of shellfish aquaculture on the trophic structure of ecosystem remains limited. Using an Ecopath with Ecosim model, we compared various shellfish aquaculture intensity scenarios to evaluate impacts of shellfish aquaculture on a semi-closed marine ecosystem, located in Jiaozhou Bay, China. This study showed that the Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem could be strongly impacted by the shellfish aquaculture as illustrated by the ecosystem indices such as total system throughout (TST), Finn’s cycle index (FCI), and System omnivory index (SOI). The existence of shellfish aquaculture program led to shifts of major energy sources of Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem from detritus to phytoplankton. Contribution of phytoplankton to the ecosystem energy flow could drop from 75% to 46% if the current shellfish aquaculture program was removed. Intensive shellfish aquaculture could also improve the transfer efficiency of the ecosystem and simplify the food web. In addition, consumption of phytoplankton by cultured shellfish consisted of 90% of total phytoplankton consumption in this ecosystem, indicating that cultured shellfish could exert strong top-down control on phytoplankton in the Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem. Our results demonstrated that intensive cultured shellfish program shifted Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem from a natural-organism-dominated food web into an aquaculture dominated food web. Given these caveats, cultured shellfish is not only economically efficient, but also ecologically efficient. This study suggests that it is informative and necessary to conduct holistic and integrated ecosystem analyses to improve our understanding of potential impacts of shellfish aquaculture on the ecosystem dynamics.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dongyan Han",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dongyan Han",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong Wan",
                "org": "National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ecological Modelling",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "1JckmEgb": {
        "id": "1JckmEgb",
        "title": "Assessing the sensitivity of Data-Limited Methods (DLMs) to the estimation of life-history parameters from length-frequency data",
        "abstract": "Data-limited methods (DLMs) in stock assessment may provide potential critical information for data-limited stock management. However, the sensitivity of those methods to life-history parameters is largely unknown, resulting in extra uncertainty and consequent risks. In the present study, we designed six parallel workflows (WFs) to incorporate classic and state-of-the-art methods of estimating life-history parame-ters and examined their influences on the assessment of small yellow croaker (Larim-ichthys polyactis) in Haizhou Bay, China. The sensitivity was evaluated with three objectives: 1) the evaluation of stock status with the Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) following different assumptions; 2) the length-based Harvest Control Rules (HCRs) derived from three Management Procedures (MPs); and 3) the management perfor-mance of these HCRs with simulation of Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE). The results showed considerable sensitivity regarding the three objectives to the esti-mations with different WFs,...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ming Sun",
                "org": "Ocean University of China, College of Fisheries, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "Ocean University of China, College of Fisheries, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences, 218 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": "Ocean University of China, College of Fisheries, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "Ocean University of China, College of Fisheries, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "Ocean University of China, College of Fisheries, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003 China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "GsC93d7B": {
        "id": "GsC93d7B",
        "title": "An evaluation of implementing long-term MSY in ecosystem-based fisheries management: Incorporating trophic interaction, bycatch and uncertainty",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "uncertainty",
            "bycatch",
            "ecological indicator"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chongliang zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping ren",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "0dEk7TU5": {
        "id": "0dEk7TU5",
        "title": "Reconstructing cephalopod migration with statolith elemental signatures: a case study using Dosidicus gigas",
        "abstract": "Cephalopods exhibit a variety of movement patterns during their lifespan, from the passive drifting of eggs and paralarvae to the active long-distance migrations of adults between feeding and spawning grounds. However, it is difficult to observe directly the movements of cephalopods at these different stages of development. An alternative approach is the use of elemental signatures recorded in statoliths to gain valuable insight into cephalopod movement. Dosidicus gigas is an economically important squid that undertakes large-scale migrations over its lifespan to satisfy its habitat requirements at different life history stages. In this study we used D. gigas as an example to illustrate a new approach to reconstructing cephalopod migration patterns using the relationship between sea surface temperature and elemental signature analyses of statoliths. We found that statolith elemental signatures are a useful natural tag to ascertain D. gigas migration routes from juvenile to adult stages. This approach is not applicable to embryonic and paralarval stages during which movement is more likely passive and determined by ocean currents. The conclusions which can be drawn from this study improve our knowledge of the distribution and migration of juvenile and adult cephalopods. Supplementary trophic analyses using stable isotopes would further benefit the reconstruction of cephalopod migration pathways.",
        "keywords": [
            "Elemental signatures",
            " Statoliths",
            " Migration",
            " Cephalopods",
            " Environmental factors",
            " Dosidicus gigas"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bi Lin Liu",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Lingang New City, Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Samuel B. Truesdell",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Jun Chen",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Lingang New City, Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "Shanghai Ocean University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Science",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "S8KMEvgg": {
        "id": "S8KMEvgg",
        "title": "Opportunity for marine fisheries reform in China",
        "abstract": "China’s 13th Five-Year Plan, launched in March 2016, provides a sound policy platform for the protection of marine ecosystems and the restoration of capture fisheries within China’s exclusive economic zone. What distinguishes China among many other countries striving for marine fisheries reform is its size—accounting for almost one-fifth of global catch volume—and the unique cultural context of its economic and resource management. In this paper, we trace the history of Chinese government priorities, policies, and outcomes related to marine fisheries since the 1978 Economic Reform, and examine how the current leadership’s agenda for “ecological civilization” could successfully transform marine resource management in the coming years. We show how China, like many other countries, has experienced a decline in the average trophic level of its capture fisheries during the past few decades, and how its policy design, implementation, and enforcement have influenced the status of its wild fish stocks. To reverse the trend in declining fish stocks, the government is introducing a series of new programs for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, with greater traceability and accountability in marine resource management and area controls on coastal development. As impressive as these new plans are on paper, we conclude that serious institutional reforms will be needed to achieve a true paradigm shift in marine fisheries management in China. In particular, we recommend new institutions for science-based fisheries management, secure fishing access, policy consistency across provinces, educational programs for fisheries managers, and increasing public access to scientific data.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ling Cao",
                "org": "Institute of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;;Center on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuanglin Dong",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Arthur Hanson",
                "org": "International Institute for Sustainable Development, Winnipeg, MB R3B 0T4, Canada;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Huang",
                "org": "College of Ocean Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570000, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Duncan Leadbitter",
                "org": "Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia;"
            },
            {
                "name": "David C. Little",
                "org": "Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ellen K. Pikitch",
                "org": "School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11790;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongsong Qiu",
                "org": "South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Guangzhou 510300, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yvonne Sadovy de Mitcheson",
                "org": "School of Biological Sciences, Swire Institute of Marine Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ussif Rashid Sumaila",
                "org": "Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meryl Williams",
                "org": "AsiaPacific–FishWatch, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guifang Xue",
                "org": "KoGuan Law School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yimin Ye",
                "org": "Fish and Aquaculture Department, United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 00153 Rome, Italy;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenbo Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingqi Zhou",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Zhuang",
                "org": "East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Shanghai 200090, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rosamond L. Naylor",
                "org": "Center on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "j0Oh9icS": {
        "id": "j0Oh9icS",
        "title": "Climate vulnerability and resilience in the most valuable North American fishery.",
        "abstract": "Managing natural resources in an era of increasing climate impacts requires accounting for the synergistic effects of climate, ecosystem changes, and harvesting on resource productivity. Coincident with recent exceptional warming of the northwest Atlantic Ocean and removal of large predatory fish, the American lobster has become the most valuable fishery resource in North America. Using a model that links ocean temperature, predator density, and fishing to population productivity, we show that harvester-driven conservation efforts to protect large lobsters prepared the Gulf of Maine lobster fishery to capitalize on favorable ecosystem conditions, resulting in the record-breaking landings recently observed in the region. In contrast, in the warmer southern New England region, the absence of similar conservation efforts precipitated warming-induced recruitment failure that led to the collapse of the fishery. Population projections under expected warming suggest that the American lobster fishery is vulnerable to future temperature increases, but continued efforts to preserve the stock's reproductive potential can dampen the negative impacts of warming. This study demonstrates that, even though global climate change is severely impacting marine ecosystems, widely adopted, proactive conservation measures can increase the resilience of commercial fisheries to climate change.",
        "keywords": [
            "American lobster",
            "climate impacts",
            "harvest strategies",
            "population dynamics",
            "resilience"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Arnault Le Bris",
                "org": "Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101; arnault.lebris@mi.mun.ca."
            },
            {
                "name": "Katherine E Mills",
                "org": "Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101."
            },
            {
                "name": "Richard A Wahle",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael A Alexander",
                "org": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305."
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrew J Allyn",
                "org": "Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101."
            },
            {
                "name": "Justin G Schuetz",
                "org": "Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101."
            },
            {
                "name": "James D Scott",
                "org": "Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309."
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrew J Pershing",
                "org": "Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ko5idoPB": {
        "id": "ko5idoPB",
        "title": "Influence of sampling frequency on detectability of fish community and fish species in a fishery-independent survey",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Understanding the dynamics and regulation of a particular ecological process requires monitoring of the process at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. Information collected at an inappropriate spatio-temporal scale may be insufficient for capturing spatio-temporal dynamics of fish populations and community. In this study, a Monte Carlo method was developed to evaluate the detectability performances of different sampling frequencies, sampling timings and sampling intensities on fish community indices and fish species. Species richness indices tended to decrease with an increased sampling frequency, while species diversity indices had small changes in response to changes in sampling frequency. The diversity index was more likely to be influenced by the choice of sampling timing compared to the richness index. The total number of species, especially seasonal and rare species present in the simulated sampling, increased with sampling frequency. Although sampling frequency is more important than sampling intensity, sampling intensity is also important for the detectability of fish species. This study showed that sampling frequency and intensity could greatly influence the estimation of fish community. Choices of sampling timing, sampling frequency and intensity may result in different estimates of fish species compositions and community structure. It is very necessary to consider the importance of sufficient sampling frequency and intensity in a survey program.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing Zhao",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shouyu Zhang",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xijie Zhou",
                "org": "College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquaculture and Fisheries",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "BfiPgmeT": {
        "id": "BfiPgmeT",
        "title": "Evaluating the relationship between spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of larval fish assemblages in a coastal marine ecosystem (Haizhou Bay, China)",
        "abstract": "In coastal marine ecosystems, spatial patterns of larval fish assemblages (LFAs) tend to exhibit geographic stability because of relatively stable spawning site selection and predictable oceanographic phenomena such as eddies. To evaluate the relationship between spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of LFAs, we conducted a high spatiotemporal resolution ichthyoplankton survey from April to July in 2013 in the shallow waters (u003c20 m) of Haizhou Bay, China. Our analysis indicated three distinct assemblages, which were stable geographically but exhibited a gradual and directional change of species composition and abundance over our study period. Sea surface temperature was the most important environmental co-variate for determining temporal variability of LFAs, likely owing to temperature effects of species composition and spawning period selection of adult fish, along with known temperature-dependent survival rates of larval fish. Study of LFA spatiotemporal dynamics is essential for improved understanding of adult fish spawning behavior, and has potential to inform design and implementation of conservation and management measures (e.g. marine protected areas) in coastal systems.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "Ocean University of China College of Fisheries Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "Ocean University of China College of Fisheries Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjiang Ye",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong Wan",
                "org": "Ocean University of China College of Fisheries Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjun Tian",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Liu",
                "org": "Xinjiang Fisheries Research Institute Urumqi China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haisheng Hu",
                "org": "Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute Nantong China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert Boenish",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine Ecology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "lUiII2eJ": {
        "id": "lUiII2eJ",
        "title": "Evaluating Sampling Designs for Demersal Fish Communities",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shouyu Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sustainability",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "SBgynqGl": {
        "id": "SBgynqGl",
        "title": "Gillnet data enhance performance of rockfishes habitat suitability index model derived from bottom-trawl survey data: A case study with Sebasticus marmoratus",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Bottom-trawl surveys are widely used to generate data for developing habitat suitability models for rockfish species. However, bottom trawl selectivity varies with substrate type and can lead to biased and unreliable model outputs. Bottom-set gillnets provide more efficient and reliable data in untrawlable substrates, and fine-tuning bottom-trawl survey indices with supplementary gillnet survey data could enhance performance of rockfish habitat models. We applied this approach with bottom trawl and gillnet data for  Sebasticus marmoratus  in Ma’an Archipelago, China. Abundance indices and environmental data collected by the gillnet surveys were used to tune the bottom trawl survey data for empirical habitat suitability modeling of  S. marmoratus . Under cross-validation, the habitat model based on tuned trawl data generated ecologically reliable suitability indices (SIs) and improved habitat suitability prediction for  Sebasticus marmoratus  compared to the habitat model developed using untuned trawl data. The data-tuning method developed in this study can be used to enhance the performance of habitat models of other demersal species whose habitats are not adequately sampled by bottom-trawl surveys.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Zeng",
                "org": "College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu Zeng",
                "org": "College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Wang",
                "org": "College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shouyu Zhang",
                "org": "College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ohwSus2T": {
        "id": "ohwSus2T",
        "title": "Using a new framework of two-phase generalized additive models to incorporate prey abundance in spatial distribution models of juvenile slender lizardfish in Haizhou Bay, China",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTThe predictive skill of species distribution models depends on the quality and quantity of input information. In addition to the physical environmental variables, prey availability is also one of the main drivers regulating spatial distribution of marine species. However, prey distribution data have rarely been considered in habitat models due to the lack of information on non-commercial prey species. This may lead to an incomplete view of species distributions and biased model predictions. In this study, we developed a new framework of two-phase generalized additive models (GAMs) based on the Tweedie distribution to incorporate the predicted prey abundance as covariates in habitat models, and applied this framework to juvenile slender lizardfish Saurida elongata in Haizhou Bay, China. This study demonstrated that the predictive skill of habitat models could be greatly improved through incorporating prey abundance as explanatory variables. The importance of prey distribution data in the habitat mo...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaming Yu",
                "org": "College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiqing Yu",
                "org": "College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": "Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong Wan",
                "org": "Ocean University of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine Biology Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "cjlHjnsB": {
        "id": "cjlHjnsB",
        "title": "The efficacy of fisheries closure in rebuilding depleted stocks: Lessons from size-spectrum modeling",
        "abstract": "Fishery closure has increasingly been used for rebuilding depleted fish stocks; however, trophic interactions have rarely been included in studying stock rebuilding in fisheries management. This study used a size-spectrum modeling approach to explicitly capture the effects of trophic interactions in the evaluation of simulated fishery closure. We generalize model parameters to evaluate the influence of community complexity, life-history characteristics and fishing regimes. A target fish stock of large body size showed the potential to recover after being depleted; however, the timescale for recovery ranged from 10 to more than 100 years. Increased number of species could smooth community dynamics and prolong the duration for recovery. The fish species characterized by large body sizes or preference of small-sized prey tended to recover slowly. Bycatch rate had substantial influence on community structure and stocks recovery rate. We showed that an external modification of community size-structure could largely promote stock rebuilding. We conclude that community complexity, life-history characteristics and fishing regimes should be explicitly taken into account in the implementation of fisheries closure.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ecological Modelling",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "gHr0Luci": {
        "id": "gHr0Luci",
        "title": "An individual-based probabilistic model for simulating fisheries population dynamics",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The purpose of stock assessment is to support managers to provide intelligent decisions regarding removal from fish populations. Errors in assessment models may have devastating impacts on the population fitness and negative impacts on the economy of the resource users. Thus, accuracte estimations of population size, growth rates are critical for success. Evaluating and testing the behavior and performance of stock assessment models and assessing the consequences of model mis-specification and the impact of management strategies requires an operating model that accurately describe the dynamics of the target species, and can resolve spatial and seasonal changes. In addition, the most thorough evaluations of assessment models use an operating model that takes a different form than the assessment model. This paper presents an individual-based probabilistic model used to simulate the complex dynamics of populations and their associated fisheries. Various components of population dynamics are expressed as random Bernoulli trials in the model and detailed life and fishery histories of each individual are tracked over their life span. The simulation model is designed to be flexible so it can be used for different species and fisheries. It can simulate mixing among multiple stocks and link stock-recruit relationships to environmental factors. Furthermore, the model allows for flexibility in sub-models (e.g., growth and recruitment) and model assumptions (e.g., age- or size-dependent selectivity). This model enables the user to conduct various simulation studies, including testing the performance of assessment models under different assumptions, assessing the impacts of model mis-specification and evaluating management strategies.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Cao",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenjiang Guan",
                "org": "International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Samuel B. Truesdell",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siquan Tian",
                "org": "International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquaculture and Fisheries",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "r5PDbJ9T": {
        "id": "r5PDbJ9T",
        "title": "An individual-based model for simulating the ecosystem dynamics of Jiaozhou Bay, China",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The Object-oriented Simulator of Marine ecoSystem Exploitation (OSMOSE) is one of the end-to-end models developed for ecosystem dynamic simulation and management strategy evaluation (MSE) in support of ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM). However, the implementation of such integrated models has been limited due to lack of data, and their performance in advising fisheries management has been rarely evaluated. We developed an end-to-end model (OSMOSE-JZB) representing organisms of high and low trophic levels in the Jiaozhou Bay, a temperate bay in China with limited available data. We evaluated the performance of the model for simulating the ecosystem dynamics by comparing the model-predicted species biomass, size structure, trophic level, and mortality with relevant data derived from scientific surveys and literature. In general, the model-predicted species biomass and size ranges were consistent with observations. However, the size structure of the two dominant fish species showed some discrepancies between the model simulations and observations. The predicted mean trophic levels from OSMOSE-JZB were closer to the values derived from an Ecopath model of the same region, compared to the values derived from empirical isotope analysis. The modelu0027s output suggested that predation mortality appeared to be the main source of mortality for younger individuals compared to starvation and fishing mortality. This study suggests that the OSMOSE-JZB performs well under a data-poor situation and can be considered as a baseline ecosystem model for developing EBFM.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lei Xing",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunne-Jai Shin",
                "org": "Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, UMR MARBEC 248, Place Eugène Bataillon, Bâtiment 24 RDC, CC 093, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunne-Jai Shin",
                "org": "Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, UMR MARBEC 248, Place Eugène Bataillon, Bâtiment 24 RDC, CC 093, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Philippe Verley",
                "org": "Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, UMR AMAP 123, TA A51/PS2, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 05, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiqing Yu",
                "org": "College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ecological Modelling",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "zcRAcWM5": {
        "id": "zcRAcWM5",
        "title": "Evaluating effects of rescaling and weighting data on habitat suitability modeling",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Abundance index (AI), used to establish the suitability index (SI), provides critical information in habitat suitability index (HSI) modeling. The distributions of AIs derived from fisheries-independent surveys tend to be right skewed because of heterogenous distributions of fishes. The existence of large AI values and failure to consider it might result in underestimation of HSI values for most sampling areas. We compared the performance of HSI models based on original AIs (without any transformation) versus rescaled AIs (i.e., log-transformed AIs) using American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) along the coast of Gulf of Maine as an example. Impacts of weighting environmental variables on HSI modeling based on boosted regression tree (BRT) were also evaluated. Both cross-validation and predicted habitat suitability maps suggested that the weighted HSI model based on log-scaled AI data tended to yield a more reliable prediction of optimal habitats for American lobster. The unweighted HSI model based on the original AI data, however, tended to underestimate optimal habitats and overestimate suboptimal habitats. We recommend using log-transformed AIs and determining the weights of different environmental variables based on the BRT method in HSI modeling, especially when AI data are highly skewed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisha Guan",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "guPIAb6X": {
        "id": "guPIAb6X",
        "title": "Evaluating the sensitivity of ecological indicators with a perspective of temporal scales",
        "abstract": "This simulation study tests the sensitivity of 12 candidate ecological indicators (EIs) that characterise fish abundance, body size and trophodynamics with respect to temporal scales. Size-spectrum models that explicitly account for trophic interactions are used to simulate community dynamics under different levels of fishing pressure, including a specific model of the fish community in Haizhou Bay, China, and trait-based models of generalised fishery systems. The sensitivity of EIs is characterised by (1) responsiveness, which refers to the dynamics of EI values with respect to the magnitude of changes in fishing effort, and (2) detectability, which measures the relative changes of EI with respect to reference baselines. The response of EIs is substantially non-linear over time. Most EIs are responsive to the reduction of fishing effort and have low detectability under high fishing pressure. Both characteristics of sensitivity tend to increase in the early years and level off in 2 decades, suggesting transient behaviours in EI dynamics. The results suggested the essential non-linear dynamics of EIs resulting from underlying trophic interactions and the potential misinterpretation of the temporal EIs dynamics. We highlight the necessity of considering temporal scales and fishing characteristics in applying EIs in fishery management.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong Wan",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine and Freshwater Research",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "la013Zmy": {
        "id": "la013Zmy",
        "title": "Evaluation of alternative stratifications for a stratified random fishery-independent survey",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Stratified random sampling (StRS) can lead to improved precision and accuracy in estimating key fisheries population parameters, particularly when the spatial distributions of target fish populations have high heterogeneity among different strata and homogeneities within a stratum in the survey area. As the spatial distributions of many fish populations might shift in response to environmental changes and fishing activities, survey designs developed based on previous fish distribution patterns may need to be re-examined. A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the performances and consistency of 12 stratification designs for achieving multiple survey objectives, including the abundance indices of fish species and species diversity indices, for a fishery-independent survey in the coastal waters. Relative estimation error (REE), relative bias (RB) and coefficient of variation (CV) were used to measure the precision and accuracy of mean estimates values for the 12 stratification schemes. The performances of different stratification designs were likely to differ for various survey objectives. As for a multispecies survey, though the current stratification design (design 10) did not always have the lowest REE and absolute RB values, it had the most stable performances for all indices over 3 years. It indicated that the current survey design was still the optimal design according to these measurements. Thus, even though the distribution of fish populations and community composition changed over seasons and years, the current stratification design was robust and could still capture key characteristics of target fish populations and community composition.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing Wang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "JuaTUIpO": {
        "id": "JuaTUIpO",
        "title": "Reproductive biology of the spiny lobster, Panulirus Penicillatus, in the southeastern coastal waters off Taiwan",
        "abstract": "The reproductive biology of spiny lobster, Panulirus penicillatus, was studied based on 2,068 lobsters, ranging from 34.28 to 131.60 mm carapace length (CL), sampled in Taitung coastal waters\n from September 2003 to December 2004. The overall sex ratio approximated 1:1 (χ2 = 0.02, P > 0.05), but the monthly sex ratios in 2004 showed significant differences and males were predominant in sizes larger than\n 80 mm CL. Reproductive activity, assessed using histology, a gonadosomatic index and percentage of ovigerous females, indicated\n that the mature females could be found in every month and that the major spawning occurred from May to September. The presence\n of re-developing/re-ripe ovaries by month and size-specific spawning time suggest that larger mature females (>60 mm CL) spawn\n at least three times a year while smaller new mature females spawn at least once a year. For females, the estimated sizes\n at 50% physiological and functional maturity were (mean ± SE) 56.46 ± 0.56 mm CL and 66.63 ± 1.07 mm CL. The estimated sizes\n at functional maturity were between 72 and 74 mm CL for males. The number of eggs per spawning event (brood size, BS) was\n related to CL by the equation Y\n BS = 2.4 × 10-3CL4.18 (r\n 2 = 0.902, n = 12). Female lobsters with CL ranging from 60 to 80 mm made the greatest contributions to egg production because of their\n high brood size and active reproductive activity. A minimum legal size should be established for the fishery to protect egg\n production potential of lobster population in the southeastern coastal waters off Taiwan.",
        "keywords": [
            "reproductive biology",
            "sex ratio"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yi-Jay Chang",
                "org": "national taiwan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Lu Sun",
                "org": "national taiwan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "Su-Zan Yeh",
                "org": "national taiwan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Chuan Chiang",
                "org": "council of agriculture"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine Biology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "v59AFFKB": {
        "id": "v59AFFKB",
        "title": "A comparison between two GAM models in quantifying relationships of environmental variables with fish richness and diversity indices",
        "abstract": "Various regression methods can be used to quantify the relationships between fish populations and their environment. Strong correlations often existing between environmental variables, however, can cause multicollinearity, resulting in overfitting in modeling. This study compares the performance of a regular generalized additive model (GAM) with raw environmental variables as explanatory variables (regular GAM) and a GAM based on principal component analysis (PCA-based GAM) in modeling the relationship between fish richness and diversity indices and environmental variables. The PCA-based GAM tended to perform better than the regular GAM in cross-validation tests, showing a higher prediction precision. The variables identified being significant in modeling differed between the two models, and differences between the two models were also found in the scope and range of predicted richness and diversity indices for demersal fish community. This implies that choices between these two statistical modeling approaches can lead to different ecological interpretations of the relationships between fish communities and their habitats. This study suggests that the PCA-based GAM is a better approach than the original GAM in quantifying the relationship between fish richness and diversity indices and environmental variables if the environmental variables are highly correlated.",
        "keywords": [
            "Generalized additive model",
            "Principle component analysis",
            "Fish richness and diversity indices",
            "Habitat",
            "Ma’an Archipelago"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jing zhao",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jie cao",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "siquan tian",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of maine"
            },
            {
                "name": "shouyu zhang",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenhua wang",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xijie zhou",
                "org": "shanghai ocean university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquatic Ecology",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "HY3tAIWi": {
        "id": "HY3tAIWi",
        "title": "Evaluating fishing effects on the stability of fish communities using a size-spectrum model",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Effects of fishing on the stability of fish populations have been examined in numerous studies; however, species interactions and their changes with life history stages may complicate such effects at the community level, which has not been well understood. We simulated trophic interactions within fish communities using a size-spectrum model and examined the effects of fishing on community stability for a variety of scenarios. We focused on two characteristics of community stability, the level of fluctuations in community status and recovery rates after perturbation, measured by spawning stock biomass (SSB) and two size-based indicators, mean body size (MW) and slope of the size spectrum (Slope). Increasing variability of fishing pressure was found to lead to linear increases in the variation of community status, whereas the impact was limited on integrated indicators such as MW, Slope and total SSB. The interaction of fishing pressure with given levels of recruitment variability amplified the fluctuations in SSB, but reduced those in MW and Slope. For a variety of random perturbations, all scenarios showed similar recovery trajectories, in which MW and Slope showed a steep decrease and slow recovery. Fishing pressure had substantial influences on the recovery of SSB and MW, but less effects on Slope, except for the non-fishing scenarios. The recovery time of SSB was highly variable among species and decreased with the increasing fishing pressure in general. The indirect effect of fishing on stability could be largely attributed to the changes in feeding conditions. Our stability evaluations have several implications for fisheries management, suggesting the potential and challenge for the recovery of depleted fisheries stocks in the absence of environmental changes.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 216, Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 216, Libby Hall, Orono, ME, 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 216, Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 216, Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, 216, Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "L67IdyJr": {
        "id": "L67IdyJr",
        "title": "Sampling effects on the effectiveness of ecological indicators in detecting fishery-induced community changes",
        "abstract": "Effective ecological indicators (EI) should reflect changes to ecosystem status in a timely manner to guide fisheries management; however, the robustness of EIs in the face of sampling uncertainty is not well understood and sampling errors may result in delayed or even unhelpful actions for management. In this study, we use a size-spectrum model to evaluate the effectiveness of EIs in detecting fishery-induced ecosystem changes given various levels of sampling uncertainty. We demonstrate that there is a time-lag that exists between changes in fishing pressure and EI response. The selectivity of survey gears can strongly determine the level of EI responses within certain size ranges. EIs may lose statistical power once sampling errors exceed a certain level, implying that several decades of monitoring data may be needed to be sure of detecting even a large change. Multivariate methods can strengthen the statistical powers of EIs, but only when the level of sampling noises is low. This study suggests the ne...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Room 2216 Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, 216 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Room 2216 Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Room 2216 Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Room 2216 Fisheries Hall, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "IwYagd8d": {
        "id": "IwYagd8d",
        "title": "Comparing the prediction of joint species distribution models with respect to characteristics of sampling data",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean Univ. of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, Univ. of Maine Orono ME USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean Univ. of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean Univ. of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean Univ. of China Qingdao China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ecography",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "RALkpuGs": {
        "id": "RALkpuGs",
        "title": "Assessing uncertainty of a multispecies size-spectrum model resulting from process and observation errors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chongliang zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping ren",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Kqokug4O": {
        "id": "Kqokug4O",
        "title": "An assessment of European bream Abramis brama (Linnaeus, 1758) fishery in the downstream of the Irtysh River in China",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huiping Ding",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR & CAS, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huiping Ding",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR & CAS, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huiping Ding",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR & CAS, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiming Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR & CAS, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiming Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR & CAS, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Congxin Xie",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chengjie Liu",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR & CAS, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daoming Huang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, MWR & CAS, Wuhan, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengguang Li",
                "org": "College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Guo",
                "org": "Institute of Fisheries Research of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Freshwater Ecology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ijydHkF4": {
        "id": "ijydHkF4",
        "title": "Assessing the quality of bottom water temperatures from the Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) in the Northwest Atlantic Shelf region",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) is an advanced coastal circulation model widely utilized for its ability to simulate spatially and temporally evolving three-dimensional geophysical conditions of complex and dynamic coastal regions. While a body of literature evaluates model skill in surface fields, independent studies validating model skill in bottom fields over large spatial and temporal scales are scarce because these fields cannot be remotely sensed. In this study, an evaluation of FVCOM skill in modeling bottom water temperature was conducted by comparison to hourly  in situ  observed bottom temperatures recorded by the Environmental Monitors on Lobster Traps (eMOLT), a program that attached thermistors to commercial lobster traps from 2001 to 2013. Over 2 × 10 6  pairs of FVCOM-eMOLT records were evaluated by a series of statistical measures to quantify accuracy and precision of the modeled data across the Northwest Atlantic Shelf region. The overall comparison between modeled and observed data indicates reliable skill of FVCOM (r 2  = 0.72; root mean squared error = 2.28 °C). Seasonally, the average absolute errors show higher model skill in spring, fall and winter than summer. We speculate that this is due to the increased difficulty of modeling high frequency variability in the exact position of the thermocline and frontal zones. The spatial patterns of the residuals suggest that there is improved similarity between modeled and observed data at higher latitudes. We speculate that this is due to increased tidal mixing at higher latitudes in our study area that reduces stratification in winter, allowing improved model accuracy. Modeled bottom water temperatures around Cape Cod, the continental shelf edges, and at one location at the entrance to Penobscot Bay were characterized by relatively high errors. Constraints for future uses of FVCOM bottom water temperature are provided based on the uncertainties in temporal-spatial patterns. This study is novel as it is the first skill assessment of a regional ocean circulation model in bottom fields at high spatial and temporal scales in the Northwest Atlantic Shelf region.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bai Li",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kisei Tanaka",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Damian C. Brady",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrew C. Thomas",
                "org": "School of Marine Science, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Marine Systems",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "4wQ8BCXc": {
        "id": "4wQ8BCXc",
        "title": "Developing a marine protected area network with multiple objectives in China",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yunzhou Li",
                "org": "College of FisheriesOcean University of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongliang Zhang",
                "org": "College of FisheriesOcean University of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Xue",
                "org": "College of FisheriesOcean University of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Binduo Xu",
                "org": "College of FisheriesOcean University of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Sun",
                "org": "College of FisheriesOcean University of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "College of FisheriesOcean University of China Qingdao China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Marine SciencesUniversity of Maine Orono ME"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aquatic Conservation-marine and Freshwater Ecosystems",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "7bad3SlR": {
        "id": "7bad3SlR",
        "title": "Quantitative and Transformation Product Analysis of Major Active Physalins from Physalis Alkekengi Var. Franchetii (Chinese Lantern) Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Time-of-flight Mass: Uplc-Ms/Ms Determination Of Physalins In Chinese Lantern",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "lianjun luan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yunliang zheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongjiang wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Phytochemical Analysis",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "9PevaTBu": {
        "id": "9PevaTBu",
        "title": "Optimization of stratification scheme for a fishery-independent survey with multiple objectives",
        "abstract": "Fishery-independent surveys are often used for collecting high quality biological and ecological data to support fisheries management. A careful optimization of fishery-independent survey design is necessary to improve the precision of survey estimates with cost-effective sampling efforts. We developed a simulation approach to evaluate and optimize the stratification scheme for a fishery-independent survey with multiple goals including estimation of abundance indices of individual species and species diversity indices. We compared the performances of the sampling designs with different stratification schemes for different goals over different months. Gains in precision of survey estimates from the stratification schemes were acquired compared to simple random sampling design for most indices. The stratification scheme with five strata performed the best. This study showed that the loss of precision of survey estimates due to the reduction of sampling efforts could be compensated by improved stratification schemes, which would reduce the cost and negative impacts of survey trawling on those species with low abundance in the fishery-independent survey. This study also suggests that optimization of a survey design differed with different survey objectives. A post-survey analysis can improve the stratification scheme of fishery-independent survey designs.",
        "keywords": [
            "fishery-independent survey",
            "optimization",
            "stratified random sampling",
            "stratification scheme",
            "computer simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "binduo xu",
                "org": "college of fisheries"
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping ren",
                "org": "college of fisheries"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "college of fisheries"
            },
            {
                "name": "ying xue",
                "org": "college of fisheries"
            },
            {
                "name": "chongliang zhang",
                "org": "college of fisheries"
            },
            {
                "name": "rong wan",
                "org": "college of fisheries"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Oceanologica Sinica",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "MLY9W2Vy": {
        "id": "MLY9W2Vy",
        "title": "Maturation of White Sucker, Catostomus commersoni, Populations in Ontario",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "harold h harvey",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "YzwLFYAf": {
        "id": "YzwLFYAf",
        "title": "Adjusting for bias due to variability of estimated recruitments in fishery assessment models",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard d methot",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ian g taylor",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "VKqkcAs7": {
        "id": "VKqkcAs7",
        "title": "Voluntary participation in regional fisheries management council meetings.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries",
            "fishery management",
            "stakeholders"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "danielle brzezinski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "john m wilson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ecology and Society",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "jDozjyRP": {
        "id": "jDozjyRP",
        "title": "An empirical study on estimators for linear regression analyses in fisheries and ecology",
        "abstract": "Linear regression analysis is often used in fisheries and ecological studies. Parameters in a linear model are estimated by fitting the model to observed fisheries data with assumptions made concerning model error structure. The commonly used estimation method in fisheries and ecology is ordinary least squares (LS) which is based on the Gauss–Markov assumption on the model error. Data observed in fisheries studies are often contaminated by various errors. Outliers frequently arise when fitting models to the data. The model error structure is difficult to define with confidence in fisheries and ecological studies. It is thus necessary to evaluate the robustness of an estimator to assumptions on the model error structure. In this study, we evaluate five estimators, least squares (LS), geometric means (GM), least median of squares (LMS), LMS-based reweighted least squares (RLS), and LMS-based reweighted geometric means (RGM), in fitting linear models with assumptions of different model error structures. We show that the selection of a suitable estimator for a regression analysis depends upon the error structures of the dependent and independent variables. However, overall the LMS-based RGM method tends to be more robust than other estimators to the assumed error structures. We suggest a three-step procedure in analyzing fisheries and ecological data using linear regression analysis: identify outliers by a LMS analysis, evaluate the identified outliers based on background information about the study, and then apply the LMS-based GM where appropriate. The method used in step 3 can be changed if the error structures of observed data are known.",
        "keywords": [
            "least squares",
            "least median of squares",
            "outliers",
            "robust estimator",
            "geometric means",
            "error structure",
            "linear regression analysis",
            "empirical study",
            "geometric mean",
            "least squares method",
            "ecology",
            "ordinary least square",
            "parameter estimation",
            "linear regression",
            "least square",
            "model error",
            "linear model",
            "regression analysis",
            "fishery",
            "data analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Donald A Jackson",
                "org": "Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5S 1A1"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fisheries Research",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "d4hFwGRn": {
        "id": "d4hFwGRn",
        "title": "CNH: Fine-Scale Dynamics of Human Adaptation in Coupled Natural and Social Systems: An Integrated Computational Approach Applied to Three Fisheries",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "james a wilson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "james m acheson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "robert s steneck",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "teresa r johnson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "StG6xUTY": {
        "id": "StG6xUTY",
        "title": "A fisheries risk-assessment framework to evaluate trade-offs among management options in the presence of time-varying productivity",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "brett m zuehlke",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "randall m peterman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jeremy s collie",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "4i9MSxqz": {
        "id": "4i9MSxqz",
        "title": "Conditional effects of aquatic insects of small tributaries on mainstream assemblages: position within drainage network matters",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "silvia vendruscolo milesi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a melo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "KdreDrSH": {
        "id": "KdreDrSH",
        "title": "Quality of fisheries data and uncertainty in stock assessment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "stock assessment",
            "data quality",
            "uncertainty"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Marina",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "rHy1oINg": {
        "id": "rHy1oINg",
        "title": "Effects of unequal capture probability on stock assessment abundance and mortality estimates: an example using the US Atlantic sea scallop fishery",
        "abstract": "Most stock assessment models assume that the probability of capture for all individuals of the same size or age in the stock area is equal. However, this assumption is rarely, if ever, satisfied. We used spatially referenced simulations, based on the US Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) fishery, to generate catch, survey index, fishing effort, and size structure data that we input into a (nonspatial) catch-at-size stock assessment model to estimate abundance and mortality rates. We show that spatial patterns in fishing mortality degrade model performance for sessile stocks. Fishing mortality tended to be overestimated and abundance underestimated because trends in fishing mortality were exaggerated and the model misestimated the numbers of larger individuals due to spatial fishing patterns. These results are particularly relevant to sedentary species such as scallops, but are applicable wherever strong spatial patterns exist in fishing mortality.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Samuel B. Truesdell",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Deborah R. Hart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "gqwHpbFy": {
        "id": "gqwHpbFy",
        "title": "Ecology and spatial pattern of cyanobacterial community island patches in the Atacama Desert, Chile: RARE CYANOBACTERIAL PATCHES IN ATACAMA",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kimberley A. Warren-Rhodes",
                "org": "NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jennifer L. Dungan",
                "org": "NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "J. L. Piatek",
                "org": "Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Stubbs",
                "org": "Robotics Institute; Carnegie Mellon University; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Benito Gómez-Silva",
                "org": "Departmento de Biomédico and Instituto del Desierto; Universidad de Antofagasta; Antofagasta Chile"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Christopher P. McKay",
                "org": "NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Geophysical Research",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "eoEu3AGM": {
        "id": "eoEu3AGM",
        "title": "Investigating spatial variation and temperature effects on maturity of female winter flounder ( Pseudopleuronectes americanus ) using generalized additive models",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard s mcbride",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mark j wuenschel",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "megan v winton",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "X1xfJc2h": {
        "id": "X1xfJc2h",
        "title": "The growing value of age: exploring economic gains from age-specific harvesting in the Northeast Arctic cod fishery",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "florian k diekert",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "GXlrUByL": {
        "id": "GXlrUByL",
        "title": "Spatial and temporal variation in size at maturity for female American lobster in Nova Scotia",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "samuel alan stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fiona l watson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r miller",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "Nxmgu2Wl": {
        "id": "Nxmgu2Wl",
        "title": "Catchability of snow crab ( Chionoecetes opilio ) by the eastern Bering Sea bottom trawl survey estimated using a catch comparison experiment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "scott goodman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "david a somerton",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kenneth l weinberg",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "eI4cw4O4": {
        "id": "eI4cw4O4",
        "title": "Use of a marine reserve to determine the direct and indirect effects of fishing on growth in a New Zealand fishery for the spiny lobster Jasus edwardsii",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a b macdiarmid",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "paul a breen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "debbie j freeman",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "TqY5Krkd": {
        "id": "TqY5Krkd",
        "title": "Effects of spatial heterogeneity in growth and fishing effort on yield-per-recruit models: an application to the US Atlantic sea scallop fishery",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "samuel b truesdell",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d r hart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ices Journal of Marine Science",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "55XYahnd": {
        "id": "55XYahnd",
        "title": "Spatial Dynamics in Fisheries Stock Assessment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fisheries management",
            "fisheries",
            "fish stocks"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "0TMa1Cu5": {
        "id": "0TMa1Cu5",
        "title": "Confidence intervals for trawlable abundance from stratified-random bottom trawl surveys",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "n g cadigan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "x3VGI2gb": {
        "id": "x3VGI2gb",
        "title": "An age-structured state-space stock–recruit model for Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "steven j fleischman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "matthew j catalano",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "robert a clark",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d bernard",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "NAvAa8P2": {
        "id": "NAvAa8P2",
        "title": "Production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate by Arthrobacter sp. A302 using fed-batch fermentation with pH-shift control.",
        "abstract": "The production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by Arthrobacter sp. A302 was studied in a 5 L stirred tank fermentor under a range of pH values (6.5–8.0) and glucose feeding rates. In batch\n fermentation under a controlled pH, the optimum pH for cell growth was 7.5 with dry cell density (X) of 11.43 g L, and the\n optimum pH for cAMP accumulation was 7.0 with cAMP concentration of 7.41 g L. In order to achieve the high X and cAMP yield\n simultaneously, a pH-shift control strategy was proposed based on kinetic analysis of specific cell growth rate (μ) and specific\n cAMP formation rate (q\n \n s\n ). In this method, pH was controlled to 7.0 for the first 30 h of fermentation, and then subsequently shifted to 7.5 and maintained\n until the end of the process. Application of this approach significantly enhanced the cAMP concentration. Thereafter, cAMP\n production was further improved by combining the above-mentioned pH-control system and fed-batch process with glucose at a\n constant feeding rate of 1.0 g L−1 h−1. Under optimum conditions, the final cAMP production was 10.87 g L, which is 110.0, 46.7, and 27.7% higher than that of the\n pH-uncontrolled, pH-controlled, and pH-shift controlled methods, respectively.",
        "keywords": [
            "glucose feeding",
            "arthrobacter sp. a302",
            "fed-batch culture",
            "camp",
            "ph-shift control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiaming Cao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huajing Ren",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jindan Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "World journal of microbiology & biotechnology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "SDRsR8wW": {
        "id": "SDRsR8wW",
        "title": "Surface functionalization of graphene oxide by amino acids for Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase adsorption.",
        "abstract": "Graphene oxide (GO) with oxygen containing functional groups can be selectively modified by small biomolecules to achieve heterogeneous surface properties. To achieve a hyper-enzymatic activity, the surface functionality of GO should be tailored to the orientation adsorption of the Thermomyces lanuginosus (TL) lipase, and the active center can be covered by a relatively hydrophobic helical lid for protection. In this work, amino acids were used to interact with GO through reduction reaction, hydrophobic forces, electrostatic forces, or hydrogen bonding to alter the surface hydrophobicity and charge density. Characterization of the structure and surface properties confirmed that the GO samples decorated with phenylalanine (Phe) and glutamic acid (Glu) exhibited superior hydrophobicity than other modifications, whereas tryptophan (Trp) and cysteine (Cys) provided weaker reduction effects on GO. Moreover, the zeta potential of the samples modified by amino acids of lysine (Lys) and arginine (Arg) is higher than other modified samples. The adsorption amount of lipase on Glu-GO reached 172 mg/g and the relative enzymatic activity reached up to 200%. The thermodynamic data and the Freundlich isotherm model fitting showed that the lipase adsorption process on modified samples was spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increase.",
        "keywords": [
            "Amino acids",
            "Freundlich isotherm model",
            "Graphene oxide",
            "Lipase adsorption",
            "Surface modification"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenfeng Zhou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China. Electronic address: weizhuang@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Ge",
                "org": "Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland 4300, Australia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenfu Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China. Electronic address: yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of colloid and interface science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "BIK8FLdJ": {
        "id": "BIK8FLdJ",
        "title": "Solubility of disodium cytidine 5'-monophosphate in different binary mixtures from 288.15 K to 313.15 K",
        "abstract": "The solubility of disodium cytidine 5′-monophosphate (5′-CMPNa2) in methanol + water and ethanol + water binary mixtures was measured experimentally at the temperatures ranging from 288.15 to 313.15 K. The results showed that the solubility of 5′-CMPNa2 increased with the increasing of temperature and the mole fraction of water in different binary mixtures. The (CNIBS)/Redlich-Kister model and the semi-empirical Apelblat model were applied for the prediction of the experimental data. Both models could give satisfactory simulation results. In addition, the thermodynamic properties of the dissolution process such as Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy were calculated using the van't Hoff equation and the Gibbs equation. The results indicated that the dissolution process was endothermic. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.",
        "keywords": [
            "Binary solvent mixtures",
            "Disodium cytidine 5′-monophosphate",
            "Solid-liquid equilibrium",
            "Solubility",
            "Solution thermodynamics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jin Yu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tianle Ma",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology(National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "An Li",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology(National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Thermochimica Acta",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "LN3uGMtd": {
        "id": "LN3uGMtd",
        "title": "Enhanced butanol production by modulation of electron flow in Clostridium acetobutylicum B3 immobilized by surface adsorption.",
        "abstract": "The objective of this study was to improve butanol yield and productivity by redox modulation and immobilization of Clostridium acetobutylicum B3 cells. Stoichiometric network analysis revealed that NAD(P)H that had escaped from the fermentation as H2 limited the butanol yield and led to the accumulation of oxidation byproducts, e.g., acetone. Methyl viologen was used as an electron carrier to divert the electron flow away from H2 production and to reinforce the NAD(P)H supply. Butanol yield was increased by 37.8% with severely diminished acetone production. Immobilization of the cells by adsorption onto a fibrous matrix improved their butanol tolerance and production rate. An average of 15.6 g/L butanol was achieved within 12 h with a solvent productivity of 1.88 g/L/h in repeated batch fermentation. To our knowledge, this is the highest solvent productivity with a relatively high butanol titer produced by a Clostridium strain in batch fermentation.",
        "keywords": [
            "clostridium acetobutylicum",
            "butanol tolerance",
            "metabolic flux",
            "nad(p)h",
            "immobilization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "An Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengying Ding",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhou",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying He",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqing Lin",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "g0Rttrjy": {
        "id": "g0Rttrjy",
        "title": "Enhanced adenosine triphosphate production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae using an efficient energy regeneration system",
        "abstract": "The process of ATP biosynthesis from adenosine catalyzed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied using an efficient energy regeneration system. A fractional factorial design (29-5) was used to evaluate the effects of different components in the medium. Magnesium chloride, toluene, and acetaldehyde were found to significantly influence ATP production. The concentrations of the three factors were then optimized using central composition design and response surface analysis. Based on the second-order polynomial model obtained from the experiments, the optimal parameters were obtained as follows: adenosine 20 g/L; glucose 67 g/L; S. cerevisiae cells 250 g/L; magnesium chloride 4.37 g/L; potassium dihydrogen phosphate 67 g/L; toluene 1.40 mL/L; acetaldehyde 2.67 mL/L; pH 7.0; and temperature 37.0 °C. Under the condition, the yield and concentration of ATP reached 97.5% and 37 g/L, respectively. The yield was nearly 10% higher than the level before optimization and the concentration increased two-fold. In addition, the utilization efficiency of energy after optimization increased nearly 6%. © 2010 Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers, Seoul, Korea.",
        "keywords": [
            "adenosine triphosphate",
            "optimization",
            "response surface methodology",
            "saccharomyces cerevisiae",
            "utilization efficiency of energy",
            "response surface",
            "potassium",
            "second order",
            "fractional factorial design",
            "central composite design",
            "magnesium"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuelan Yao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiapeng Tang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "dhNOsNPB": {
        "id": "dhNOsNPB",
        "title": "Nitric oxide increases biofilm formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by activating the transcriptional factor Mac1p and thereby regulating the transmembrane protein Ctr1.",
        "abstract": "BackgroundBiofilms with immobilized cells encased in extracellular polymeric substance are beneficial for industrial fermentation. Their formation is regulated by various factors, including nitric oxide (NO), which is recognized as a quorum-sensing and signal molecule. The mechanisms by which NO regulates bacterial biofilms have been studied extensively and deeply, but were rarely studied in fungi. In this study, we observed the effects of low concentrations of NO on biofilm formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Transcriptional and proteomic analyses were applied to study the mechanism of this regulation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biofilm",
            "CTR1",
            "MAC1",
            "Nitric oxide",
            "Saccharomyces cerevisiae"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Leyun Yang",
                "org": "2State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Zheng",
                "org": "2State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "2State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinchi Shi",
                "org": "3College of Life Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuojun Ying",
                "org": "4University of California, San Diego, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "2State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology for biofuels",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "EAlmVEYO": {
        "id": "EAlmVEYO",
        "title": "Immobilization of a polyphosphate kinase 2 by coordinative self-assembly of his-tagged units with metal-organic frameworks and its application in ATP regeneration from AMP.",
        "abstract": "Self-assembly of the functional units onto the surface of nanoparticles is a powerful approach to generate functional nanosystems. In this work, we first expressed a recombinant class III polyphosphate kinase 2 (ArPPK2) with his-tag. It is able to synthesize ATP from AMP by a single enzyme, simplifying two-step reaction of ATP regeneration from AMP. Then we chose the Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (MOF)s as carriers to produce the enzyme-MOF biocomposite, based on the interaction between the his-tags and coordinatively unsaturated metal sites present on the external surface of MOFs by a self-assembly process. It was found that ArPPK2@MIL-101-NH@FeO-COOH exhibited better reusability than other candidates during cycle analysis, preserving 70.1% of initial activity after reusing thirteen times, and also retained high storage stability. The optimum pH of the enzyme-MOF biocomposite was increased from 8.0 to 9.0 and the optimum temperature was increased from 30℃ to 45℃. Compared to free ArPPK2, the enzyme-MOF biocomposite showed increased thermal and pH stability. In addition, we successfully constructed an ATP regeneration system from AMP using the enzyme-MOF biocomposite, coupled with amide bond formation catalyzed by the adenylation domain of tyrocidine synthetase A (TycA-A). The immobilized ArPPK2 will provide a promising route for ATP regeneration from AMP in industrial processes. And the generation of the enzyme-MOF biocomposite by the self-assembly approach can be extended to efficiently immobilize other recombinant his-tagged enzymes.",
        "keywords": [
            "ATP regeneration",
            "Enzyme immobilization",
            "His-tagged",
            "Metal-organic frameworks",
            "Polyphosphate kinase 2"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Menglin Ding",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinzeng Sun",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China. Electronic address: zhucj@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, PR China. Electronic address: chenyong1982@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "MbI3LAUo": {
        "id": "MbI3LAUo",
        "title": "Computational simulations of breakthrough curves in cAMP adsorption processes in ion-exchange bed under hydrodynamic flow",
        "abstract": "Computational and theoretical modeling has become an important tool for the characterization, development and validation of packed beds. Relevant breakthrough curves would provide much valuable information on designing a fixed bed adsorption process in field applications. In this study, the hydrodynamic properties involved in the Navier-Stokes flow equation, such as velocity, pressure and permeability, in a packed bed were investigated. A two dimensional (2D) model based on the convection/diffusion approach theory and the Nernst-Planck model was adopted to describe the breakthrough curves of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) adsorption onto a porous resin adsorbent, SD-13, from an aqueous solution. The relevant ordinary partial equations were solved in COMSOL Multiphysics Software friendly and efficiently. Column experiments were performed at different conditions to verify the model, and the results indicated that the model describes well the breakthrough curves. The behaviors of exchanged counter-ion (Cl-) in cAMP adsorption experiments were also predicted well. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.",
        "keywords": [
            "Adsorption",
            "COMSOL",
            "Convection",
            "Diffusion",
            "Navier-Stokes",
            "Radial heterogeneity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenbin Qian",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Yang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqing Lin",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Engineering Journal",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "4RliaGls": {
        "id": "4RliaGls",
        "title": "Kinetic models of ribonucleic acid fermentation and continuous culture by <i>Candida tropicalis</i> no.121",
        "abstract": "During ribonucleic acid fermentation, the fermentative processes were researched at pH controlled at 4.0 and under natural\n conditions. Unstructured models in a 50-L airlift fermentor were established for batch RNA production at pH 4.0 using the\n Verhulst equation for microbial growth, the Luedeking–Piret equation for product formation and a Luedeking–Piret-like equation\n for substrate uptake. Parameters of the kinetic models were determined using origin 7.5. Based on the models estimated above,\n another batch fermentation experiment was conducted in a 300-L airlift fermentor, which demonstrated that the models could\n be useful for RNA production on an industrial scale. Additionally, continuous fermentation based on kinetic models was proposed\n to make full use of substrates and reduce the cost of waste water treatment. As a result, although the DCW and RNA concentration\n were 11.5 and 1.68 g L−1, which were lower than that of batch fermentation, the sugar utilization increased by 14.3%, while the waste water decreased\n by more than 90%.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huajing Ren",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 0
    },
    "i40ntEhX": {
        "id": "i40ntEhX",
        "title": "Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584 responding to dissolved oxygen for cAMP production.",
        "abstract": "Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584 is able to produce high yields of extracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which plays a vital role in the field of treatment of disease and animal food, during aerobic fermentation. However, the molecular basis of cAMP production in Arthrobacter species is rarely explored. Here, for the first time, we report the comparative transcriptomic and proteomic study of Arthrobacter cells to elucidate the higher productivity of cAMP under high oxygen supply. We finally obtained 14.1% and 19.3% of the Arthrobacter genome genes which were up-regulated and down-regulated notably, respectively, with high oxygen supply, and identified 54 differently expressed proteins. Our results revealed that high oxygen supply had two major effects on metabolism: inhibition of glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and amino acid metabolism (histidine, branched-chain amino acids and glutamate metabolism); enhancement of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and purine metabolism. We also found that regulation of adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase was not significant under high oxygen supply, suggesting efficient cAMP export might be important in cAMP production. These findings may contribute to further understanding of capacities of Arthrobacter species and would be highly useful in genetic regulation for desirable production.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No.30, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junzhi Wang",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No.30, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No.30, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, No.30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No.30, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No.30, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No.30, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China. yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "0GalDAsq": {
        "id": "0GalDAsq",
        "title": "Modeling of breakthrough curves of single and quaternary mixtures of ethanol, glucose, glycerol and acetic acid adsorption onto a microporous hyper-cross-linked resin.",
        "abstract": "The adsorption of quaternary mixtures of ethanol/glycerol/glucose/acetic acid onto a microporous hyper-cross-linked resin HD-01 was studied in fixed beds. A mass transport model based on film solid linear driving force and the competitive Langmuir isotherm equation for the equilibrium relationship was used to develop theoretical fixed bed breakthrough curves. It was observed that the outlet concentration of glucose and glycerol exceeded the inlet concentration (c/c0>1), which is an evidence of competitive adsorption. This phenomenon can be explained by the displacement of glucose and glycerol by ethanol molecules, owing to more intensive interactions with the resin surface. The model proposed was validated using experimental data and can be capable of foresee reasonably the breakthrough curve of specific component under different operating conditions. The results show that HD-01 is a promising adsorbent for recovery of ethanol from the fermentation broth due to its large capacity, high selectivity, and rapid adsorption rate.",
        "keywords": [
            "Multi-component",
            "competitive adsorption",
            "multi-component",
            "Competitive adsorption",
            "Microporous resin",
            "ethanol",
            "Ethanol",
            "microporous resin",
            "Modeling",
            "modeling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanan Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengxia Zou",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kechun Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "bg1t5Dq3": {
        "id": "bg1t5Dq3",
        "title": "A mild and highly efficient laccase-mediator system for aerobic oxidation of alcohols",
        "abstract": "With the aid of the highly active nitroxyl radical AZADO (2-azaadamantane N-oxyl), a simple method for the aerobic catalytic oxidation of alcohols is presented. The oxidations could typically proceed under practical ambient conditions (room temperature, air atmosphere, no moisture effect, metal-free, etc.) with a broad generality of the alcohol substrates, and especially for the oxidation of complex and highly functionalized alcohols. An ionic mechanism is proposed for the present system. ? 2014 The Royal Society of Chemistry.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiwei Ding",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Green Chemistry",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "2Q4EqUMt": {
        "id": "2Q4EqUMt",
        "title": "Determination of optimal conditions for ribonucleic acid production by Candida tropicalis no. 121",
        "abstract": "The experiments were based on multivariate statistical concepts, and response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the fermentation medium for the production of ribonucleic acid (RNA) by Candida tropicalis no. 121. The process involved the individual adjustment and optimization of various medium components at shake flask level. The two-level Plackett-Burman (PB) design was used to screen the medium components, which significantly influenced RNA production. Among seven variables, the concentrations of molasses, ZnSO4, and H3PO4 were found to be the important factors that significantly affected RNA production (confidence levels above 95%). These factors were further optimized using a central composite design (CCD) and RSM. The optimum values for the critical components were as follows: molasses 47. 21 g/L: ZnSO4 0. 048 g/L; H3PO4 1. 19 g/L. Under optimal conditions, RNA production was 2. 56 g/L, which was in excellent agreement with the predicted value (2. 561 g/L), and led to a 2. 1-fold increase compare with that using the original medium in RNA production. © 2011 Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers, Seoul, Korea.",
        "keywords": [
            "candida tropicalis no. 121",
            "ferment production",
            "response surface method",
            "ribonucleic acid",
            "statistical optimization",
            "confidence level",
            "response surface methodology",
            "multivariate statistics",
            "central composite design"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huajing Ren",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaming Cao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "3Jp65kZ3": {
        "id": "3Jp65kZ3",
        "title": "Production of butanol from glucose and xylose with immobilized cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum",
        "abstract": "Pretreated cotton towels were used as carriers to immobilize Clostridium acetobutylicum CGMCC 5234 cells for butanol or ABE production from glucose and xylose. Results showed that cell immobilization was a promising method to increase butanol concentration, yield and productivity regardless of the sugar sources compared with cell suspension. In this study, a high butanol concentration of 10.02 g/L with a yield of 0.20 g/g was obtained from 60 g/L xylose with 9.9 g/L residual xylose using immobilized cells compared with 8.48 g/L butanol and a yield of 0.141 g/g with 20.2 g/L residual xylose from 60 g/L xylose using suspended cells. In mixed-sugar fermentation (30 g/L glucose plus 30 g/L xylose), the immobilized cultures produced 11.1 g/L butanol with a yield of 0.190 g/g, which were 28.3% higher than with suspended cells (8.65 g/L) during which 30 g/L glucose was utilized completely using both immobilized and suspended cells while 3.46 and 13.1 g/L xylose maintained untilized for immobilized and suspended cells, respectively. Based on the results, we speculated that immobilized cells showed enhanced tolerance to butanol toxicity and the cultures preferred glucose to xylose during ABE fermentation. Moreover, the cultures showed obvious difference when grown between high initial concentrations of glucose and those of xylose. Repeated-batch fermentations from glucose with immobilized cells showed better long-term stability than from xylose. At last, the morphologies of free and immobilized cells adsorbed on pretreated cotton towels during the growth cycle were examined by SEM. © 2013 The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.",
        "keywords": [
            "butanol",
            "clostridium acetobutylicum",
            "cotton towel",
            "immobilization",
            "kinetics",
            "morphology",
            "xylose"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhou",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "An Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Songbo Xu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingguo Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "lzOEkiOi": {
        "id": "lzOEkiOi",
        "title": "Ethanol production by repeated batch and continuous fermentations by Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized in a fibrous bed bioreactor.",
        "abstract": "In this work, a fibrous bed bioreactor with high specific surface area and good adsorption efficacy for S. cerevisiae cells was used as the immobilization matrix in the production of ethanol. In batch fermentation, an optimal ethanol concentration of 91.36 g/l and productivity of 4.57 g l(-1) h(-1) were obtained at an initial sugar concentration of 200 g/l. The ethanol productivity achieved by the immobilized cells was 41.93% higher than that obtained from free cells. Ethanol production in a 22-cycle repeated batch fermentation demonstrated the enhanced stability of the immobilized yeast cells. Under continuous fermentation in packed-bed reactors, a maximum ethanol concentration of 108.14 g/l and a productivity of 14.71 g l(-1) h(-1) were attained at 35 degrees C, and a dilution rate of 0.136 h(-1) with 250 g/l glucose.",
        "keywords": [
            "ethanol fermentation",
            "fibrous bed bioreactor",
            "immobilization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingguo Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhou",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiwei Yao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "An Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of microbiology and biotechnology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "ulOTl30G": {
        "id": "ulOTl30G",
        "title": "Cloning, expression, and characterization of an adenylate cyclase from Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584.",
        "abstract": "The cya gene encoding adenylate cyclase was cloned from Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584 by thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR for the first time. It exhibited an open reading frame containing 1,125 bp and encoding 374 amino acids. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that this enzyme was a class III adenylate cyclase. Expression of the cya gene was carried out in Escherichia coli Rosetta, and purification was performed via Ni2+-NTA agarose gel column. SDS-PAGE indicated that the molecular mass of the recombinant adenylate cyclase was 45 kDa. The V max and K m were determined to be 5.06 μmol/min/mg and 7.56 mM, respectively. The optimum pH and temperature were 8.0 and 35 °C. Several divalent metal ions were found to activate the enzyme to different extents, and the maximal specific activity reached 3.04 μmol/min/mg when 50 mM Mg2+ was added. This was the first report of the cloning of an adenylate cyclase gene from Arthrobacter sp.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclic adenosine monophosphate",
            "adenylate cyclase",
            "expression",
            "arthrobacter",
            "characterization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying He",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied microbiology and biotechnology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "SF0D8Rht": {
        "id": "SF0D8Rht",
        "title": "Gene cloning, expression, and characterization of a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584.",
        "abstract": "Based on thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction, the arpde gene encoding a cyclic nucleotide-specific phosphodiesterase was cloned from Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584 for the first time. The 930-bp region encoded a 309-amino-acid protein with a molecular weight of 33.6 kDa. The recombinant ArPDE was able to hydrolyze 3',5'-cAMP, 3',5'-cGMP, and 2',3'-cAMP. The K m values of ArPDE for 3',5'-cAMP and 3',5'-cGMP were 6.82 and 12.82 mM, respectively. ArPDE was thermostable and displayed optimal activity at 45 °C and pH 7.5. The enzyme did not require any metal cofactors, although its activity was stimulated by 2 mM Co(2+) and inhibited by Zn(2+). Nucleotides, reducing agents, and sulfhydryl reagents had different inhibitory effects on the activity of ArPDE. NaF, the actual compound used to improve the industrial yield of cAMP, exhibited 62 % inhibitions at concentrations of 10 mM.",
        "keywords": [
            "naf",
            "expression",
            "arthrobacter",
            "characterization",
            "arpde",
            "camp"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhifang Zheng",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengzhu Zhu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying He",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Guo",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied biochemistry and biotechnology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "qWVqFrck": {
        "id": "qWVqFrck",
        "title": "Competitive adsorption of vanillin and syringaldehyde on a macro-mesopore polymeric resin: modeling.",
        "abstract": "Vanillin and syringaldehyde are widely used as flavoring and fragrance agents in the food products. The potential of a macro-mesoporous adsorption resin was assessed for separation of these binary mixtures. This work focuses on modeling of the competitive adsorption behaviors and exploration of the adsorption mechanism. The characterization results showed the resin had a large BET surface area and specific pore structure with hydrophobic properties. By analysis of the physicochemical properties of the solutes and the resin, the separation mechanism was mainly contributed by hydrophobic effect. Subsequently, the competitive Langmuir isotherm model was used to fit the competitive adsorption isotherms. The pore diffusion coefficient was obtained by macropore diffusion model. Afterwards, a mathematical model was established to predict the breakthrough curves of the binary mixture at various operating conditions. The data and model presented are valuable for design and simulation of the continuous chromatographic separation process.",
        "keywords": [
            "Competitive adsorption",
            "Macro-mesopore resin",
            "Modeling",
            "Syringaldehyde",
            "Vanillin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hanfei Cao",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingchun Ji",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Gao",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xioachun Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, China. yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China. wujinglan@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioprocess and biosystems engineering",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "P3RSJJFd": {
        "id": "P3RSJJFd",
        "title": "Modeling the cAMP desorption process from an anion exchange chromatography column",
        "abstract": "Computational modeling is a useful approach for the characterization, development, and validation of desorption chromatography. Batch and dynamic desorption experimental results are helpful for the selection of an appropriate desorbent and the design of a desorption processes. In this study, we used an aqueous HCl solution ranging from 0.030mol/L to 0.060mol/L to desorb cAMP (adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate) from a presaturated anion exchange resin (D-13). Good results were obtained in terms of the desorption rate and cAMP recovery. Subsequently, general rate model (GRM) that incorporated counter-ion flux was used to describe the desorption kinetics of the batch experiments. The superficial rate constant, K d, of the cAMP/HCl reaction on activated ion exchange sites inside the resin was estimated as 0.130L/(mol/s) using the least squares fitting method, which was then applied for predicting the dynamic desorption processes. The pore diffusion coefficients for Cl - and cAMP were estimated as 1.57×10 -9 and 5.71×10 -10m 2/s, respectively. We verified the applicability of this GRM model to a column desorption process by experimentally investigating the effects of the HCl concentration, flow rate, and column aspect ratio on column desorption. The experimental results could be predicted successfully using the GRM model. The validated GRM may provide an important basis for future scale-up of the cAMP desorption process. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "camp",
            "desorption",
            "ion exchange",
            "kinetics",
            "mass transfer",
            "simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenbin Qian",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Yang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqing Lin",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Engineering Science",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "0YasXDVM": {
        "id": "0YasXDVM",
        "title": "Preparation, properties and application of pH/thermo-sensitive PNIPA/CS semi-IPN hydrogel beads",
        "abstract": "Several novel semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel beads (PNIPA/CS) composed of the temperature sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamid) and the pH-sensitive chitosan (CS) were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization. It was found that the introduction of CS doesn’t change the low critical solution temperature (LCST) of the hydrogels, i.e., the prepared PNIPA/CSs maintain the same LCST as that of the PNIPA hydrogel, all of them are around 33℃. The hydrogel beads prepared are sensitive to both temperature and pH value evidently. The influences of the temperature, pH value and component of the hydrogels on the swelling behavior of the prepared hydrogel beads were studied. The results show that the content of CS affects the swelling ratio of PNIPA/CSs obviously, and the swelling ratio reaches its maximum when pH is 3. The experiments also show that the hydrogel beads prepared have reversible swelling character in response to the temperature. Besides, the experiments of using the prepared hydrogel beads to adsorb and then release the lactic acid were conducted, and it was found that when the mass ratio of PNIPA to CS is 10, the maximum adsorption is 168.29 mg·(g dry gel)-1, and the release ratio is 31.74%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chitosan",
            "Hydrogel beads",
            "Lactic acid absorbing and releasing",
            "PH-sensitive",
            "Poly(N-isopropylacrylamid)",
            "Temperature sensitive"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Xiao-chun",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "TANG Jia-peng",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YING Han-jie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Gao Xiao Hua Xue Gong Cheng Xue Bao/Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "TiVryk20": {
        "id": "TiVryk20",
        "title": "A novel immobilization method for nuclease P 1 on macroporous absorbent resin with glutaraldehyde cross-linking and determination of its properties",
        "abstract": "Microbial nuclease P 1 from Penicllium citrinum was immobilized on macroporous absorbent resins: strong polar poly (styrene-co-DVB) resin (SPPSD), polymethacrylic ester resin and poly (styrene-co-DVB)-Br resin. The results showed that SPPSD was the best carrier. Three methods of glutaraldehyde cross-linking were used and simultaneous immobilization and cross-linking (CIS) was demonstrated to be the best method. The functional properties of immobilized nuclease P 1 were studied and compared to those of the free enzyme. The highest enzyme activities of free and immobilized nuclease P 1 were obtained in 0.2 M acetate buffer at pH 4.5 and a temperature of 70 °C. An increase in K m (from 3.165 to 18.125 mg mL -1) and a decrease in V max (from 1667.18 to 443.95 U min -1 mL -1) were recorded after immobilization. SPPSD-glutaraldehyde-nuclease P 1 exhibited better thermal stability than the free enzyme. The apparent activation energy (E a) of the free and immobilized nuclease P 1 was 137.04 kJ mol -1 and 98.43 kJ mol -1, respectively, implying that the catalytic efficiency of the immobilized enzyme was restricted by mass-transfer rather than kinetic limit. © 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "glutaraldehyde cross-linking",
            "immobilization",
            "macroporous absorbent resin",
            "nuclease p 1"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Process Biochemistry",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "y1NkKYKq": {
        "id": "y1NkKYKq",
        "title": "Metabolic flux analysis of Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584 for cAMP production based on 13C tracer experiments and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.",
        "abstract": "Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584 are able to produce cAMP from glucose by the purine synthesis pathway via de novo or salvage biosynthesis. In order to gain an improved understanding of its metabolism, (13)C-labeling experiment and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were employed to determine the metabolic network structure and estimate the intracellular fluxes. GC-MS analysis helps to reflect the activity of the intracellular pathways and reactions. The metabolic network mainly contains glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the inactive glyoxylate shunt. Hypoxanthine as a precursor of cAMP and sodium fluoride as an inhibitor of glycolysis were found to increase the cAMP production, as well as the flux through the PP pathway. The effects of adding hypoxanthine and sodium fluoride are discussed based on the enzyme assays and metabolic flux analysis. In conclusion, our results provide quantitative insights into how cells manipulate the metabolic network under different culture conditions and this may be of value in metabolic regulation for desirable production.",
        "keywords": [
            "arthrobacter sp. cgmcc 3584",
            "gas chromatography-mass spectrometry",
            "Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584",
            "metabolic flux analysis",
            "(13)C tracer experiments",
            "Metabolic flux analysis",
            "Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry",
            "13c tracer experiments"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiwei Yao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lixia Liu",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yang",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of biotechnology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "NNJu6RKV": {
        "id": "NNJu6RKV",
        "title": "Construction and expression of a polycistronic plasmid encoding N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase and N-acetylneuraminic acid lyase simultaneously for production of N-acetylneuraminic acid.",
        "abstract": "Synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) from N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and pyruvate was carried out by constructing and expressing a polycistronic plasmid encoding an N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (AGE) gene and an N-acetylneuraminic acid lyase (Nal) gene simultaneously. Nal from Escherichia coli K12 and AGEs from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (snAGE) and Anabaena sp. CH1 (anAGE) were used. And four polycistronic plasmids were constructed in which the positions of AGE gene differed with respect to Nal gene. Among these plasmids, pET-28a-Nal-anAGE with anAGE gene located next to Nal gene caused the production of the highest amount of Neu5Ac, generating 61.3g/L in 60h by whole-cell catalysis without the addition of ATP as AGE activator. And pET-28a-Nal-anAGE lowered anAGE's expression level, allowing it to fold properly. Thus, an inclusion-body-free E. coli strain capable of producing Neu5Ac by whole-cell catalysis with high yield and low cost was constructed in the present study.",
        "keywords": [
            "n-acetylneuraminic acid",
            "n-acetylneuraminic acid lyase",
            "inclusion bodies",
            "biocatalysis",
            "n-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wujin Sun",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenyan Ji",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Tong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Cheng",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying He",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "6mx62jR3": {
        "id": "6mx62jR3",
        "title": "Production of cytidine 5′-diphosphorylcholine with high utilization of ATP by whole cells of Saccharomycescerevisiae",
        "abstract": "Cytidine 5′-diphosphorylcholine (CDP-choline) was produced using a high efficiency ATP regeneration system and the Kennedy pathway in whole cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae As 2.398. Out of eight variables, KH 2 PO 4 , glycerol and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 were considered to be the most significant factors by response surface methodology including a Plackett–Burman design, path of steepest accent and central composite design. The optimum levels of the three variables were 20.13 g/L KH 2 PO 4 , 12.35 g/L glycerol and 0.49 g/L (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , respectively. Energy utilization efficiency increased from 10.59% to 16.72% and choline chloride conversion yields increased from 12.35% to 42.78%. A high efficiency ATP regeneration system improves CDP-choline production. Keywords Cytidine 5′-diphosphorylcholine ATP regeneration Choline chloride Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1 Introduction Cytidine 5′-diphosphorylcholine (CDP-choline) is an essential intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of structural phospholipids in cell membranes. CDP-choline supplementation can increase dopamine receptor densities ( Giménez et al., 1991 ), elevate adrenocorticotropin independent of corticotropin-releasing hormone levels and amplify the release of other hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis hormones such as luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, serum growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone in response to hypothalamic releasing factors ( Cavun and Savci, 2004 ). Therefore, it is a psychostimulant and nootropic. It may be indicated in the treatment of cerebral vascular disease, head trauma and cognitive disorders of different etiology ( Secades and Lorenzo, 2006; Minnerup and Schabitz, 2009 ). For CDP-choline production, the choline donors include phosphorylcholine and choline chloride. When choline chloride was used as a choline donor for CDP-choline production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , CDP-choline concentration, cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP) conversion yield, choline chloride conversion yield and utilization efficiency of energy were 8.87 g/L, 87%, 8.7% and 6.53%, respectively ( Watanabe et al., 1981 ). Using Corynebacterium ammoniagenes KY13505 and recombinant Escherichia coli MM294/pCKG55, CDP-choline was produced from orotic acid and choline chloride. CDP-choline concentration, orotic acid conversion yield and choline chloride conversion yield were 11 g/L, 45.74% and 35.85%, respectively ( Fujio et al., 2004 ). When phosphorylcholine was added as a choline donor for CDP-choline production in S. cerevisiae , CDP-choline concentration, CMP and phosphorylcholine conversion yield and utilization efficiency of energy were 8.16 g/L, 80%, 32% and 6%, respectively ( Watanabe et al., 1981 ). Baer (1947) reported the synthesis of phosphorylcholine utilizing diphenylphosphoryl chloride as phosphorylating agent. Although products were obtained with excellent yields and a high degree of purity, production suffered from the disadvantage that it requires considerable amounts of toxic organic solvents, such as pyridine. Therefore, it is necessary to replace phosphorylcholine by choline chloride for CDP-choline production. The choline chloride conversion yield was lower than the phosphorylcholine conversion yield ( Watanabe et al., 1981 ), because the conversion of CMP to cytidine 5′-triphosphate (CTP) and choline chloride to phosphorylcholine demanded a high energy charge as a driving force. The phosphorylation of CMP and choline chloride competed with each other. Ample evidence supports a role for choline kinase as being rate-limiting and regulatory in some circumstances ( Kent, 2005 ). The phosphorylation of choline chloride was more difficult than that of CMP. In our previous work, CTP was accumulated as 14.3 g/L after 3 h of reaction ( Tang et al., 2009 ), but the synthesis rate of CDP-choline decreased slowly gradually. This was because the presence of CTP may allosterically inhibit choline phosphorylation ( Kimura and Okuda, 1976 ). Furthermore, in this case, choline kinase was not phosphorylated or was dephosphorylated, and its activity was too low to catalyze the phosphorylation of choline, which led to the low choline conversion yield. Alkaline phosphatase treatment of choline kinase resulted in a 60% decrease in choline kinase activity ( Kim and Carman, 1999 ). In contrast, phosphorylation of choline kinase with protein kinase A and protein kinase C resulted in a 1.9-fold ( Kim and Carman, 1999 ) and 1.6-fold ( Choi et al., 2005 ) stimulation in choline kinase activity, respectively. Furthermore, choline kinase was inhibited by ADP and activated by ATP ( Kim et al., 1998 ). Therefore, an important factor to activate phosphorylcholine formation could be a high ratio of ATP/ADP or phosphorylated and activated choline kinase that may directly promote synthesis of phosphorylcholine. In general, the glycolytic flux was shown to be inhibited by high energy charge ( Atkinson, 1968 ). At the same time, ATP could flow into other metabolic pathways. In addition, the results of metabolic flux analysis revealed that NADH could not be oxidized via the electron transfer chain under anaerobic conditions, but could be oxidized via glycerol production, which expended a large number of ATP molecules ( Kidd et al., 1999; Li et al., 2002 ). Therefore, one of requirements for the high CDP-choline production was the improvement of ATP supply. Based on these findings, the addition of ammonium ions ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) and phosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ) may reverse the inhibitory effect of ATP on phosphofructokinase (PFK) activity and stimulate glycolysis ( Hofmann and Kopperschläger, 1982 ). Because the membrane could be destroyed by the extracellular osmolarity, intracellular acetaldehyde was depleted by diffusion ( Stanley et al., 1997 ). Acetaldehyde addition was used to inhibit the High-Osmolarity-Glycerol pathway which needed NADH to reduce dihydroxyacetone phosphate by snatching NADH ( Posas and Saito, 1997 ). The metabolic flux through the glycolytic pathway into the glycerol decreased as did the inefficient use of ATP in biosynthesis of glycerol. Through these methods, a higher-energy level in the system could facilitate the phosphorylation reaction of CMP and choline, which will improve the CDP-choline yield and energy utilization efficiency. Since CDP-choline production involves multiple pathways, they may interact with each other ( Fig. 1 ). Response surface methodology (RSM) can use quantitative data from appropriate experiments to design experiments, build models, evaluate the effects of factors, and analyze the optimum conditions for the factors for desirable responses. This methodology has been successfully utilized to optimize the composition of fermentation medium for various kinds of chemical production ( Mundra et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2009 ), yeast production ( Li et al., 2009 ), enzymes production ( Deepak et al., 2008; Singh et al., 2008 ), and drugs production ( Ceylan et al., 2008; Chen et al., 2009; Gao et al., 2009 ). We decided to use a response surface approach including a Plackett–Burman design, path of steepest accent and central composite design for the statistical optimization of medium constituents. 2 Methods 2.1 Media and culture conditions S. cerevisiae As 2.398 (2 n , diploid strain), which is a spontaneous mutant from S. cerevisiae 1002 (China Center of Industrial Culture Collection), was used in this study. The growth medium contained (w/w): 5% glucose·H 2 O, 0.5% peptone, 0.2% yeast extract, 0.2% NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , 0.1% MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 0.2% KH 2 PO 4 at an initial pH of 5.8. The cultivation was carried out at 24 °C for 72 h, the cells were harvested aseptically by vacuum filtration at 4 °C, and washed twice with demineralized water. The wet cells were frozen and stored at −20 °C before they were used as catalysts. 2.2 Reaction conditions Reactions were carried out in a closed environment in a 7.5-L bioreactor (Bioflo 110, New Brunswick Scientific, USA) containing 5 L reaction mixture at 30 °C. After addition of the yeast wet cells, the reaction mixture was agitated at 200 rpm. The initial pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to 7.0 with 5 mol/L NaOH. d -glucose·H 2 O (20 g/L) was added after 4 h. After 24 h, the reaction mixture were sampled and analyzed. All experiments were carried out in triplicate. All values for metabolite concentrations are the mean values of at least three independent extraction procedures. 2.3 Analyses The concentrations of CDP-choline, CMP, and CTP in the reaction were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (Agilent 1100, USA) analysis, using a Sepax HP-C18 column (Sepax Technologies, Inc., Changzhou, China) and a UV detector (Agilent G1314B VWD, USA, 280 nm). The mobile phase was 0.6% (v/v) phosphoric acid (the mixture was adjusted with triethylamine to pH 6.6) and the flow rate was 1.0 mL per min. The procedure was performed at 25 °C. The glucose concentration was measured with a glucose oxidase electrode (Institute of Biology, Shandong Academy of Sciences SBA-40C). Ethanol and glycerol were analyzed by gas chromatography (SP-6890, LuNanRuiHong, Shangdong, China) in a column packed with diphenyl-polysiloxane copolymer (Agilent; HP-5, USA) and detected using a flame ionization detector. The injector temperature was 200 °C, and the temperature of the column was 190 °C. The detector temperature was 280 °C, and the carrier gas was nitrogen. CTP: phosphorylcholine cytidyltransferase (CCT) activity was assayed by the method of Jiapeng et al. ( Tang et al., 2009 ). 2.4 Utilization efficiency of energy (UEE) Utilization efficiency of energy is defined as Eq. (1): (1) UEE = n ATP / P n ATP / E where n ATP/P , the ATP demand quantity for the formation of products; n ATP/E , the ATP regeneration amount from energy source during the metabolic pathway. In this case, glucose was an energy source, and one glucose molecule can regenerate two ATP molecules via glycolysis under anaerobic conditions. The biosynthesis of one CDP-choline from CMP and choline chloride demands three ATP molecules. Therefore, Eq. (1) was considered as Eq. (2): (2) UEE = 3 n CDP-choline 2 n glucose 2.5 Experimental design 2.5.1 Plackett–Burman design Plackett–Burman experimental design ( Plackett and Burman, 1946 ) was first carried out, which was based on the first-order model Eq. (3): (3) Y = β 0 + ∑ β i x i This was used to screen the important variables that influenced CDP-choline production by S. cerevisiae . Based on the results of an earlier study ( Tang et al., 2009 ), eight variables (concentrations of CMP and choline chloride (the molar ratio of CMP to choline chloride, 1:2), glucose·H 2 O, KH 2 PO 4 , MgSO 4 , acetaldehyde, yeast, glycerol and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) were denoted as numerical factors and investigated at two widely spaced intervals designated as −1 (low level) and +1 (high level) ( Table 1 ). Eight variables were screened in 12 experimental runs. The experimental design is shown in Table 2 . The P -value (significance level) of each concentration effect was determined using the Student’s t -test: (4) t ( xi ) = E ( xi ) S.E. where E (xi) was the effect of variable (A–H). The standard error (S.E.) of the concentration effect was the square root of the variance. The variables with significance levels greater than 95% were considered to significantly influence CDP-choline production. 2.5.2 Steepest ascent-tool-path The direction of steepest ascent is the direction in which Y increases more rapidly. The most efficient direction in which to move the experiment is along the line perpendicular to the contours. One usually takes as the path of steepest ascent the line through the center of the region of interest and normal to the fitted surface ( Box et al., 1978 ). Thus, the steps along the path are proportional to the regression coefficients β i . The path of steepest ascent started from the optimal point of the first design. To move away from the first design center along the path of steepest ascent, we moved 0.12, −0.20, −1.0 in the direction of KH 2 PO 4 , glycerol and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , respectively ( Table 3 ). These new units were determined according to the concentration range of unity level from first design and the estimated coefficient ratio from the first-order model Eq. (3). 2.5.3 Central composite design In order to maximize the response yield of CDP-choline, the independent variables X 1 (phosphate source concentration: KH 2 PO 4 ), X 2 (protectant concentration: glycerol), and X 3 (glycolysis stimulator concentration: (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) were simultaneously varied according to a central composite design (CCD) scheme ( Table 4 ). A total of 16 experiments were thus performed ( Table 4 ). The central point of CCD was replicated twice (experiment Nos. 15, 16, 17 and 18) ( Table 4 ). Results from CCD were used for calculating, where Y is the selected response (dependent variable), X 1 … X i are the independent variables being optimized ( X 1 = phosphate source concentration: KH 2 PO 4 , X 2 = protectant concentration: glycerol and X 3 = glycolysis stimulator concentration: (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) and b i , b ii and b ij are the linear, quadratic and cross-coefficients, respectively. (5) Y = b 0 + ∑ b i x i + ∑ ∑ b ij x ij + ∑ b ii x ii 2 The above equation was calculated to estimate the effect of each independent variable ( X 1 … X i ) on response yield of CDP-choline (dependent variables). This calculation was aimed at predicting the best combination of independent variables for optimization of the reaction conditions. Accordingly, the best combination of X 1 (KH 2 PO 4 ), X 2 (glycerol) and X 3 ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) to maximize the yield of CDP-choline was obtained by using the above second-order polynomial Eq. (5). 2.6 Data analysis Data were analyzed using “Statistica” software (Version 6.0.437.0, Statsoft Inc., Tulsa, USA) that includes ANOVA (analysis of variance) to carry out analysis of variance and determination of interactions between variables and responses. 3 Results 3.1 Screening of important reaction components using a Plackett–Burman design Plackett–Burman experiments ( Table 2 ) showed a wide variation in measured CDP-choline yields. This variation reflected the importance of optimization to attain higher CDP-choline yields. The main effects of the factors on CDP-choline yield are presented in Table 5 . When the sign of the concentration effect of the tested variable is positive, the influence of the variable upon CDP-choline yield is greater at a high concentration, and when negative, the influence of the variable is greater at a low concentration. Analyzed by Statistica software, a first-order model was fitted to the data obtained from the experiments. The effects of the eight factors were calculated. The following model was obtained for the coded variables. 3.2 First-order model equation (6) Y = 103.014 + 0.0183 A - 0.299 B + 2.243 C - 0.071 D + 0.178 E - 0.024 F - 3.864 G - 19.838 H This fit of the model was checked by t -test. For CDP-choline production, the effect of variables C (KH 2 PO 4 ), G (glycerol), and H ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) are 17.943, −19.322 and −19.838, respectively ( Table 5 ). These variables had confidence levels above 95% and were considered to influence CDP-choline production by S. cerevisiae As 2.398 significantly. 3.3 Path of steepest ascent Based on the first-order model equation obtained and the three important effect factors (KH 2 PO 4 , glycerol and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ), the path of steepest ascent was determined to find the correct direction of the changing variables increasing or decreasing the concentration according to the sign of the main effects to improve CDP-choline production. The path of steepest ascent started from the center of the Plackett–Burman design and moved along the path in which the concentration of KH 2 PO 4 increased, while glycerol and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 decreased. The design and results of the path of steepest ascent experiments are shown in Table 3 . It was shown that the highest response was 84% when the reaction medium contained: KH 2 PO 4 20.12 g/L, glycerol 12.30 g/L and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 0.50 g/L. This suggested that this point was near the region of maximum yield response. 3.4 Central composite design and response surface analysis The level of CDP-choline yield after application of the CCD scheme is shown in Table 4 . An average value of the central point of CCD was 88.20%. According to the second-order polynomial Eq. (5), the data reported in Table 6 were converted into the second-order polynomial equation, shown below: (7) Yield = - 229321 + 19127 X 1 + 5661 X 2 + 8423 X 3 - 469 X 12 - 220 X 22 - 1618 X 32 - 9 X 1 X 2 - 282 X 1 X 3 - 95 X 2 X 3 where X 1 , KH 2 PO 4 ; X 2 , glycerol; and X 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . The statistical significance of Eq. (7) was checked by F -test, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for response surface quadratic model is summarized in Table 6 . It is evident from Table 6 that the model is highly significant, as is evident from the model F value and a very low probability value ( P model, F < 0.00019). The P -values were used as a tool to check the significance of each coefficient, which also indicated the interaction strength between each independent variable. The smaller the P -values, the bigger the significance of the corresponding coefficient ( Liu et al., 2003 ). Table 6 shows that, the regression coefficients of all the quadratic coefficients and linear term ( X 2 ) were significant ( P < 0.05). The goodness of the model can be checked by the determination coefficient R 2 and the multiple correlation coefficient R . The value of adjusted R 2 (0.9610) for Eq. (7) suggests that the total variation of 96% for CDP-choline yields is attributed to the independent variables and only about 4% of the total variation cannot be explained by the model. The closer the values of R to 1, the better the correlation between the experimental and predicted values. Here, the value of R (0.9908) indicates good agreement between the experimental and predicted value of CDP-choline yields. As a result, response surface diagrams for yield of CDP-choline were plotted as a function of the variables X 1 (KH 2 PO 4 ), X 2 (glycerol) and X 3 ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) ( Figs. 2–4 ). The best combination of variables X 1 (KH 2 PO 4 ), X 2 (glycerol) and X 3 ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) for maximizing the response were found ( X 1 = 20.13 g/L, X 2 = 12.35 g/L and X 3 = 0.49 g/L, respectively). 3.5 Validation of the model In order to confirm the optimization results, the yield of CDP-choline was studied using predicted reaction components. The result from three replications (i.e., 87.12%, 88.11% and 87.58%) was consistent with the predicted value and the model was proven to be adequate. Fig. 5 shows the profile of glucose concentration, glycerol concentration, CDP-choline concentration, ethanol concentration, choline chloride conversion yield and energy utilization efficiency of the reaction in the 7.5-L bioreactor before and after optimization. Under the optimal conditions, CMP conversion yield and CDP-choline concentration reached 85.55% and 13.50 g/L, respectively. The energy utilization efficiency and choline conversion yield reached 15.72% and 42.78%, respectively. The final medium composition optimized with response surface methodology was (g/L): CMP, 10; choline chloride, 8.64; glucose·H 2 O, 30; KH 2 PO 4 , 20.13; MgSO 4 , 13; acetaldehyde, 7; wet yeast cells, 250; glycerol, 12.35; (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 0.49. 4 Discussion The statistical experimental results may suggest that the importance of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 in modulating CDP-choline production could probably be explained in terms of the activation/inhibition of specific enzymes involved in this biochemical pathway. Ammonium ion not only strengthened the glycolytic pathway ( Papagianni et al., 2005 ), but also coordinated the reaction rate between the glycolytic pathway and the Kennedy pathway ( Tang et al., 2009 ). Intracellular acetaldehyde can leave the cell resulting in slower regeneration of NAD + and slower the rate of glycolysis. The stimulatory effect of exogenous acetaldehyde may therefore lie in its ability to replenish the intracellular acetaldehyde pool and restore the cellular redox balance ( Stanley et al., 1997 ). Therefore, ammonium ions and acetaldehyde increased the glycolytic flux. As shown in Fig. 1 , the improvement of glycolytic flux enhanced ATP regeneration. An increase of ATP supply could activate the activity of choline kinase to strengthen the phosphorylation of choline ( Kim et al., 1998 ). The phosphorylation of choline matched that of CMP to promote CDP-choline production and energy utilization efficiency. In contrast, the ability to optimize CDP-choline yield as a response to KH 2 PO 4 (from 20 to 20.13 g/L), could be justified by its well-documented role as a phosphate source for ATP regeneration and CDP-choline synthesis. It has been shown that one CDP-choline molecule needed three inorganic phosphates, and the supply of inorganic phosphate directly influenced the yield of CDP-choline ( Watanabe et al., 1981 ). Furthermore, phosphate can activate phosphofructokinase and accelerate the glycolytic flux ( Hofmann and Kopperschläger, 1982 ); however, inorganic phosphate greatly inhibited the activity of CCT ( Weinhold et al., 1986; Weinhold and Feldman, 1992 ). As shown in Fig. 6 , CCT activity decreased with increasing concentrations of phosphate salts. Accordingly, the CDP-choline yield was highly sensitive to the concentration of inorganic phosphate. Considering to the positive ( Hofmann and Kopperschläger, 1982 ) and negative effects ( Weinhold et al., 1986; Weinhold and Feldman, 1992 ) of phosphate, the optimal concentration of KH 2 PO 4 was 20.13 g/L. Of the three primary factors influencing CDP-choline yield, glycerol was the most significant ( Table 6 ). The Kennedy research group described CCT as lipid-activated and this enzymatic step is rate-limiting and regulatory in CDP-choline biosynthesis ( Fiscus and Schneider, 1966; Sleight and Kent, 1980; Vance et al., 1980 ). Therefore, the plasma membrane, which CCT was bound to, was damaged by the high osmolarity ( Stefan et al., 2007 ); however, excess glycerol increases the viscosity of the reaction system and decreases the mass transfer efficiency ( Arvia et al., 1966 ), which leads to the low CDP-choline yield. An appropriate amount of glycerol in the reaction mixture could balance the extra- and intracellular osmotic pressure ( Ben-Amotz and Avron, 1973; Ohshiro and Yagi, 1996 ), protect the spatial configuration of the membrane and CCT, and maintain the activity of the enzyme ( Tang et al., 2009 ). The efficient CDP-choline production depended on the system which quickly supplied enough ATP. If the rate of ATP regeneration system could match that of the phosphorylated compounds production system, a high efficiency ATP regeneration system directly would enhance the product yield and the productivity. The addition of small molecule effectors (ammonium ion, glycerol and acetaldehyde) improved the efficiency of ATP regeneration and enhanced the activity of CDP-choline production system. Thus, high-utilization efficiency of energy and a high choline conversion yield could be achieved. 5 Conclusions A high-utilization ATP regeneration system in whole cells of S. cerevisiae was successfully employed to improve the production of cytidine 5′-diphosphorylcholine. The increase of the EMP flux, the acceleration of NAD + regeneration and key enzymes protection in the native state together increased energy utilization efficiency and choline chloride conversion yields. Therefore, the methods which could be used to match the rate of ATP regeneration system with ATP utilization system, can be applied in an attempt to the field of the biosynthesis of high-energy phosphorylated compounds and their derivatives in a whole-cell catalyst reaction, as well as oligosaccharide, cell-free protein and glutathione, which need to use high-energy phosphorylated compounds as energy donors. Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China ( 2007CB707803 ), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China ( 2006AA02Z236 ) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province ( BK2007527 ). References Arvia et al., 1966 A.J. Arvia J.C. Bazán J.S.W. Carrozza Electrochemical study of the diffusion of cupric ion in aqueous and aqueous-glycerol solutions containing sulphuric acid Electrochim. Acta 11 1966 881 889 Atkinson, 1968 D.E. Atkinson The energy charge of the adenylate pool as a regulatory parameter Interaction with feedback modifiers Biochemistry 7 1968 4030 4034 Baer, 1947 E. Baer Phosphorylcholine J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 69 1947 1253 1254 Ben-Amotz and Avron, 1973 A. Ben-Amotz M. Avron The role of glycerol in the osmotic regulation of the halophilic alga Dunaliella parva Plant Physiol. 51 1973 875 878 Box et al., 1978 G.E.P. Box W.G. Hunter J.S. Hunter Statistics for Experimenters: An Introduction to Design Data Analysis and Model Building 1978 New York Wiley Cavun and Savci, 2004 S. Cavun V. Savci CDP-choline increases plasma ACTH and potentiates the stimulated release of GH, TSH and LH: the cholinergic involvement Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 18 2004 513 523 Ceylan et al., 2008 H. Ceylan S. Kubilay N. Aktas N. Sahiner An approach for prediction of optimum reaction conditions for laccase-catalyzed bio-transformation of 1-naphthol by response surface methodology (RSM) Bioresour. Technol. 99 2008 2025 2031 Chen et al., 2009 X.C. Chen J.X. Bai J.M. Cao Z.J. Li J. Xiong L. Zhang Medium optimization for the production of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate by Microbacterium sp. No. 205 using response surface methodology Bioresour. Technol 100 2009 919 924 Choi et al., 2005 M.G. Choi V. Kurnov M.C. Kersting A. Sreenivas G.M. Carman Phosphorylation of the yeast choline kinase by protein kinase C. Identification of Ser25 and Ser30 as major sites of phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem. 280 2005 26105 26112 Deepak et al., 2008 V. Deepak K. Kalishwaralal S. Ramkumarpandian S.V. Babu S.R. Senthilkumar G. Sangiliyandi Optimization of media composition for nattokinase production by Bacillus subtilis using response surface methodology Bioresour. Technol. 99 2008 8170 8174 Fiscus and Schneider, 1966 W.G. Fiscus W.C. Schneider The role of phospholipids in stimulating phosphorylcholine cytidyltransferase activity J. Biol. Chem. 241 1966 3324 3330 Fujio et al., 2004 T. Fujio A. Maruyama H. Mori Development of CDP choline production process with genetic engineering and attempts to apply genomic engineering for bioprocesses Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi 78 2004 487 490 Gao et al., 2009 H. Gao M. Liu J.T. Liu H.Q. Dai X.L. Zhou X.Y. Liu Medium optimization for the production of avermectin B1a by Streptomyces avermitilis 14–12A using response surface methodology Bioresour. Technol. 100 2009 4012 4016 Giménez et al., 1991 R. Giménez J. Raïch J. Aguilar Changes in brain striatum dopamine and acetylcholine receptors induced by chronic CDP-choline treatment of aging mice Br. J. Pharmacol. 104 1991 575 578 Hofmann and Kopperschläger, 1982 E. Hofmann G. Kopperschläger Phosphofructokinase from yeast Methods Enzymol. 90 1982 49 60 Kent, 2005 C. Kent Regulatory enzymes of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis: a personal perspective Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1733 2005 53 66 Kidd et al., 1999 R.D. Kidd P. Sears D.H. Huang K. Witte C.H. Wong G.K. Farber Breaking the low barrier hydrogen bond in a serine protease Protein Sci. 8 1999 410 417 Kim and Carman, 1999 K.H. Kim G.M. Carman Phosphorylation and regulation of choline kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by protein kinase A J. Biol. Chem. 274 1999 9531 9538 Kim et al., 1998 K.H. Kim D.R. Voelker M.T. Flocco G.M. Carman Expression, purification, and characterization of choline kinase, product of the CKI gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae J. Biol. Chem. 273 1998 6844 6852 Kimura and Okuda, 1976 A. Kimura M. Okuda Disappearance of phosphorylation activity of nucleotides from the mitochondria-rich cells of an yeast, Hansenula jadinii ; a modified Pasteur effect Agric. Biol. Chem. 40 1976 1373 1380 Li et al., 2009 X. Li J. OuYang Y. Xu M. Chen X.Y. Song Q. Yong Optimization of culture conditions for production of yeast biomass using bamboo wastewater by response surface methodology Bioresour. Technol. 100 2009 3613 3617 Li et al., 2002 Y. Li J. Hugenholtz J. Chen S.Y. Lun Enhancement of pyruvate production by Torulopsis glabrata using a two-stage oxygen supply control strategy Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 60 2002 101 106 Liu et al., 2003 J.Z. Liu L.P. Weng Q.L. Zhang H. Xu L.N. Ji Optimization of glucose oxidase production by Aspergillus niger in a benchtop bioreactor using response surface methodology World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 19 2003 317 323 Minnerup and Schabitz, 2009 J. Minnerup W.R. Schabitz Multifunctional actions of approved and candidate stroke drugs Neurotherapeutics 6 2009 43 52 Mundra et al., 2007 P. Mundra K. Desai S.S. Lee Application of response surface methodology to cell immobilization for the production of palatinose Bioresour. Technol. 98 2007 2892 2896 Ohshiro and Yagi, 1996 K. Ohshiro T. Yagi Regulation of intracellular osmotic pressure and some factors that influence the promotion of glycerol synthesis in a respiration-deficient mutant of the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii during salt stress J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 42 1996 201 212 Papagianni et al., 2005 M. Papagianni F. Wayman M. Mattey Fate and role of ammonium ions during fermentation of citric acid by Aspergillus niger Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71 2005 7178 7186 Plackett and Burman, 1946 R.L. Plackett J.P. Burman The Design of Optimum Multifactorial Experiments Biometrika 33 1946 305 325 Posas and Saito, 1997 F. Posas H. Saito Osmotic activation of the HOG MAPK pathway via Ste11p MAPKKK: scaffold role of Pbs2p MAPKK Science 276 1997 1702 1705 Secades and Lorenzo, 2006 J.J. Secades J.L. Lorenzo Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2006 update Meth. Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 28 2006 1 56 Singh et al., 2008 A. Singh A. Majumder A. Goyal Artificial intelligence based optimization of exocellular glucansucrase production from Leuconostoc dextranicum NRRL B-1146 Bioresour. Technol. 99 2008 8201 8206 Sleight and Kent, 1980 R. Sleight C. Kent Regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in cultured chick embryonic muscle treated with phospholipase C J. Biol. Chem. 255 1980 10644 10650 Stanley et al., 1997 G.A. Stanley T.J. Hobley N.B. Pamment Effect of acetaldehyde on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zymomonas mobilis subjected to environmental shocks Biotechnol. Bioeng. 53 1997 71 78 Stefan et al., 2007 H. Stefan K. Marcus N. Bodil Yeast osmoregulation Methods Enzymol. 428 2007 29 45 Tang et al., 2009 J.P. Tang Y.L. Yao H.J. Ying J. Xiong L. Zhang Z.J. Li Effect of NH 4 + and glycerol on cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bioresour. Technol. 100 2009 4848 4853 Vance et al., 1980 D.E. Vance E.M. Trip H.B. Paddon Poliovirus increases phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in HeLa cells by stimulation of the rate-limiting reaction catalyzed by CTP: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase J. Biol. Chem. 255 1980 1064 1069 Watanabe et al., 1981 S. Watanabe N. Kitajima S. Shirota I. Takeda Effects of several factors on CDP-choline production by yeast J. Ferment. Technol. 59 1981 197 201 Weinhold and Feldman, 1992 P.A. Weinhold D.A. Feldman Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase Methods Enzymol. 209 1992 248 258 Weinhold et al., 1986 P.A. Weinhold M.E. Rounsifer D.A. Feldman The purification and characterization of CTP: phosphorylcholine cytidylyltransferase from rat liver J. Biol. Chem. 261 1986 5104 5110 Zhang et al., 2009 C.H. Zhang Y.J. Ma F.X. Yang W. Liu Y.D. Zhang Optimization of medium composition for butyric acid production by Clostridium thermobutyricum using response surface methodology Bioresour. Technol. 100 2009 4284 4288",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiapeng Tang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuelan Yao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource Technology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "4pQD3Rsh": {
        "id": "4pQD3Rsh",
        "title": "The research of RNA accumulation in Candida tropicalis based on cofactor engineering.",
        "abstract": "Redox cofactors play an important role in biosynthetic reactions, catabolic reactions and transfer of energy for the cell. Therefore, studying the relationship between cofactor perturbation and metabolism is a useful approach to improve the yield of target product. To study RNA accumulation and metabolism when intracellular cofactor balance was impaired, the water-forming NADH oxidase (NoxE) from Lactococcus lactis and membrane-bound transhydrogenase (PntAB) from Escherichia coli were expressed in C. tropicalis no. 121, respectively. Expression of the noxE remarkablely decreased the intracellular NADH/NAD+ ratio, but NADPH/NADP+ ratio did not differ significantly. The PntAB increased the intracellular NADH pool, while the NADPH/NADP+ ratio decreased. The cofactors perturbation caused a large redistribution of metabolic fluxes. The biomass and RNA content decreased 11.0% and 10.6% in pAUR-noxE strain, respectively; while the RNA content increased 5.5% and the biomass was no signification difference in pAUR-pntAB strain. Expression of noxE and pntAB led to the decreases and increases in the ATP concentration and yield of RNA, respectively, which also indicated that ATP plays an important role in the RNA biosynthesis.",
        "keywords": [
            "\n          Candida tropicalis\n        ",
            "Cofactor engineering",
            "Metabolism",
            "NADH oxidase",
            "RNA",
            "Transhydrogenase"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "Henan Health Food Engineering and Technology Research Center, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, Henan P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Liu",
                "org": "Henan Health Food Engineering and Technology Research Center, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, Henan P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianzhe Wang",
                "org": "Henan Health Food Engineering and Technology Research Center, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, Henan P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Hong",
                "org": "Henan Health Food Engineering and Technology Research Center, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, Henan P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211009, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "FEMS yeast research",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "N3HQjUaa": {
        "id": "N3HQjUaa",
        "title": "Production of cyclic adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate by whole cell catalysis using recombinant Escherichia coli overexpressing adenylate cyclase",
        "abstract": "Adenylate cyclase (EC 4. 6. 1. 1) catalyzes the formation of cyclic adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) from adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP). Recombinant Escherichia coli overexpressing adenylate cyclase was used to synthesize cAMP by whole cell catalysis. Some key parameters were examined during the catalytic process, while pH and Mg2+ were found to influence cAMP production significantly. Optimum conditions were pH 8. 52 and 30 °C with 77. 2 mM Mg2+ in 100 mM Tris-HCl buffer, including 0. 25% Triton-X 100 as detergent and 30 mM pyruvate sodium as enzyme activator for 6 h. 14. 93 g/L of cAMP was produced with a conversion rate of 91. 5%. The current work provided a potential way for the industrial production of cAMP. © 2013 Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers, Seoul, Korea.",
        "keywords": [
            "adenylate cyclase",
            "bioconversion",
            "camp",
            "whole cell catalysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying He",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "jNpXf6tw": {
        "id": "jNpXf6tw",
        "title": "Enhancement of adenosine production by Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 4484 through metabolic flux analysis and simplified feeding strategies.",
        "abstract": "The objective of this research was to understand how the initial glucose concentration influences adenosine (AR) production and metabolic flux shift on the cultivation of Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 4484. Experiments confirmed that initial glucose concentration affects cell growth, AR production and metabolites, significantly. The flux distribution at the key nodes of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), pyruvate (PYR) and acetyl coenzyme-A (AcCoA) could be affected by changing the glucose concentration. Based on kinetic analysis of specific rates, the low-glucose concentration was better for both cell growth and AR production during the first 12 h. However, the high-glucose concentration was more favorable for AR formation after 18 h. Furthermore, different simplified feeding strategies were designed to achieve higher AR accumulation. The final AR concentration of 15.60 g L(-1) was achieved when an optimized constant-feeding strategy was used, which was 21.02 % higher than batch fermentation. This was the first time to investigate the regulation of the glucose metabolism of AR-producing B. subtilis.",
        "keywords": [
            "kinetic studies",
            "bacillus subtilis",
            "metabolic flux analysis",
            "adenosine",
            "fed-batch",
            "Adenosine",
            "Bacillus subtilis",
            "Fed-batch",
            "Kinetic studies",
            "Metabolic flux analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunwei Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Cheng",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinchi Shi",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuya Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioprocess and biosystems engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "DFCNZiYC": {
        "id": "DFCNZiYC",
        "title": "Co-localization of glucose oxidase and catalase enabled by a self-assembly approach: Matching between molecular dimensions and hierarchical pore sizes.",
        "abstract": "To achieve efficient one-step production of gluconic acid, cascade reactions of glucose oxidase (GOD) and catalase (CAT) have been advocated in the biocatalysis system. In this work, the methodology of co-immobilization of GOD and CAT was investigated in details for obtaining improved enzyme loading and activity. The maximum adsorption capability of GOD and CAT was 24.18 and 14.33 mg·g, respectively. The matching between dimensions of enzymes and hierarchical pore sizes of carriers are critical to the success of immobilization process. The simultaneous self-assembly on glutaraldehyde cross-linked mesoporous carriers exhibited favorable properties in comparison with sequential immobilization of GOD and CAT. The conversion of glucose under adequate air by co-localized GOD&CAT sustained the activity more than 90% after repeated utilization in the production of sodium gluconate and gluconic acid, suggesting that the co-immobilized GOD&CAT could be a promising catalyst for gluconate and gluconic acid production in some chemical and food industries.",
        "keywords": [
            "Adsorption capacity",
            "Gluconic acid",
            "Multi-enzyme immobilization",
            "Pore structure",
            "Self-assembly approach"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia. Electronic address: weizhuang@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinsha Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojing Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Ge",
                "org": "Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland 4300, Australia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenfu Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengpeng Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Food chemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "nAbrUtLy": {
        "id": "nAbrUtLy",
        "title": "Adaptation of glycolysis and growth to acetate in Sporolactobacillus sp. Y2-8.",
        "abstract": "Exogenous addition of a low concentration of acetate (2 g/L sodium acetate) effectively decreased acetic acid excretion and lowered the ATP content in Sporolactobacillus sp. Y2-8 without any growth defect although the acetate could not be utilized at an initial glucose concentration of 150 g/L. This induced an enhanced glycolytic flux with increased specific activities of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase, probably to compensate for the lowered efficiency of ATP production. However, with increasing concentrations (5 g/L sodium acetate), acetate was utilized first before being produced again, causing a growth lag at the transition. Glucose consumption was also reduced at high acetate concentrations, resulting in decreased D-lactic acid production. These results demonstrate that acetate plays a significant role in regulating glycolysis and growth of Sporolactobacillus.",
        "keywords": [
            "glycolytic flux",
            "atp content",
            "acetate accumulation",
            "d-lactic acid",
            "sporolactobacillus"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "An Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhou",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanan Hu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingfang He",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied biochemistry and biotechnology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "3dZqnFLs": {
        "id": "3dZqnFLs",
        "title": "Experimental determination of metastable zone width, induction period, and primary nucleation kinetics of cytidine 5′-monophosphate disodium salt in an ethanol-aqueous mixture",
        "abstract": "A systematic investigation was carried out to determine the metastable zone width (MSZW) and induction period values of cytidine 5′-monophosphate disodium salt (5′-CMPNa2) in an ethanol + water mixture solution. Experimental determination of the MSZW was performed using a laser method. The two factors solution temperature and agitation were evaluated in this study to measure the MSZW. It was observed that the MSZWs decreased when the agitation levels increased and were little affected by solution temperature. The induction period was combined with the classical theory of nucleation. The various critical nucleation parameters, such as the interfacial tension (γ), the radius of critical nucleus (r*), the critical free energy of nucleus (ΔG*) and the molecular number of critical nucleus (i*) were evaluated in the controlled nucleation condition. The critical nucleation parameters varied with increased temperature, and the nucleation rate increased with increased supersaturation. © 2013 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jin Yu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "An Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "R2nqR31q": {
        "id": "R2nqR31q",
        "title": "Experimental and modeling studies on the sorption breakthrough behaviors of butanol from aqueous solution in a fixed-bed of KA-I resin",
        "abstract": "Removal of biobutanol from acetone-butanolethanol (ABE) fermentation broth can be achieved by fixed-bed sorption by means of KA-I resin, and the relevant breakthrough curves would provide much valuable information to help design a continuous fixed-bed sorption process in field application. In the present study, the effects of several important design parameters, i.e., initial butanol concentration (C f: 3.0 ∼ 30.0 g/L), inlet flow rate (Q f: 0.5 ∼ 5.5 mL/min) and adsorbent bed height (Z: 4.2 ∼ 18.0 cm), on the adsorption breakthrough curves of KA-I resin in a fixed-bed column were investigated. It was found that the amount of adsorbed butanol at breakthrough point was increased with an increase in the value of C f and Z; and with decrease in the value of Q f. However, the maximum sorption capacities of butanol at saturated point were basically unchanged. Three well-established fixed-bed adsorption models, namely Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Adams-Bohart, were applied to predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of fixed-bed column, which are the basis for the process design at a real scale. Good agreement between the theoretical breakthrough curves and the experimental result were observed using Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. © 2013 The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.",
        "keywords": [
            "acetone-butanol-ethanol (abe)",
            "breakthrough curve",
            "fixed-bed column",
            "models",
            "resin",
            "sorption"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqing Lin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Renjie Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingshi Wen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiansheng Fan",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaohong Jin",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenbin Qian",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "pWN6Rka4": {
        "id": "pWN6Rka4",
        "title": "Biobutanol production in a Clostridium acetobutylicum biofilm reactor integrated with simultaneous product recovery by adsorption.",
        "abstract": "Clostridium acetobutylicum can propagate on fibrous matrices and form biofilms that have improved butanol tolerance and a high fermentation rate and can be repeatedly used. Previously, a novel macroporous resin, KA-I, was synthesized in our laboratory and was demonstrated to be a good adsorbent with high selectivity and capacity for butanol recovery from a model solution. Based on these results, we aimed to develop a process integrating a biofilm reactor with simultaneous product recovery using the KA-I resin to maximize the production efficiency of biobutanol.KA-I showed great affinity for butanol and butyrate and could selectively enhance acetoin production at the expense of acetone during the fermentation. The biofilm reactor exhibited high productivity with considerably low broth turbidity during repeated batch fermentations. By maintaining the butanol level above 6.5 g/L in the biofilm reactor, butyrate adsorption by the KA-I resin was effectively reduced. Co-adsorption of acetone by the resin improved the fermentation performance. By redox modulation with methyl viologen (MV), the butanol-acetone ratio and the total product yield increased. An equivalent solvent titer of 96.5 to 130.7 g/L was achieved with a productivity of 1.0 to 1.5 g · L-1 · h-1. The solvent concentration and productivity increased by 4 to 6-fold and 3 to 5-fold, respectively, compared to traditional batch fermentation using planktonic culture.Compared to the conventional process, the integrated process dramatically improved the productivity and reduced the energy consumption as well as water usage in biobutanol production. While genetic engineering focuses on strain improvement to enhance butanol production, process development can fully exploit the productivity of a strain and maximize the production efficiency.",
        "keywords": [
            "biofilm reactor",
            "simultaneous product recovery",
            "clostridium acetobutylicum",
            "adsorption",
            "acetoin",
            "redox modulation",
            "turbidity",
            "adsorbents",
            "fermentation",
            "biofuels",
            "bioenergy",
            "renewable resources",
            "biomedical research",
            "bioinformatics",
            "biotechnology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Ying Ding",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Lan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Guo",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Heng-Fei Ren",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing-Bing Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huan-Qing Niu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Cao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Qing Lin",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Jing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Jun He",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Han-Jie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology for biofuels",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "IvQGRuqg": {
        "id": "IvQGRuqg",
        "title": "Clostridium acetobutylicum grows vegetatively in a biofilm rich in heteropolysaccharides and cytoplasmic proteins",
        "abstract": "BackgroundBiofilms are cell communities wherein cells are embedded in a self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The biofilm of Clostridium acetobutylicum confers the cells superior phenotypes and has been extensively exploited to produce a variety of liquid biofuels and bulk chemicals. However, little has been known about the physiology of C. acetobutylicum in biofilm as well as the composition and biosynthesis of the EPS. Thus, this study is focused on revealing the cell physiology and EPS composition of C. acetobutylicum biofilm.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengjiao Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology for Biofuels",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "1xAb78FG": {
        "id": "1xAb78FG",
        "title": "Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Clostridium acetobutylicum biofilm and planktonic cells.",
        "abstract": "Biofilm-based immobilization of solventogenic Clostridia has been extensively exploited to overcome traditional bottlenecks in biobutanol production like solvent toxicity and low productivities. However, the molecular basis of solventogenic Clostridia biofilm is rarely explored. Here, for the first time, we report DNA array-based study of Clostridium acetobutylicum biofilm cells to elucidate the transcriptional modulation. Results showed that 16.2% of the C. acetobutylicum genome genes within the biofilm cells were differentially expressed, with most genes being up-regulated. The most dramatic changes occurred with amino acid biosynthesis, with sulfur uptake and cysteine biosynthesis being the most up-regulated and histidine biosynthesis being the most down-regulated in the biofilm cells. It was demonstrated that C. acetobutylicum biofilm cells increased metabolic activities probably by up-regulating iron and sulfur uptake and Fe-S cluster biosynthesis genes as well as glycolysis genes. Furthermore, genes involved in sporulation, granulose formation, extracellular polymer degradation, pentose catabolisms, and various other processes were also notably regulated, indicating that the biofilm mode of growth rendered the cells a distinct phenotype. This study provides valuable insights into the transcriptional regulation in C. acetobutylicum biofilm cells and should be highly useful for understanding and developing the biofilm-based processes.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biofilm",
            "Clostridium acetobutylicum",
            "Microarray",
            "Transcriptomic analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiahui Xu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyan Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoning Shen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Guo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of biotechnology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "h4nyY3q3": {
        "id": "h4nyY3q3",
        "title": "Experimental measurement and modelling of solubility of inosine-5′-monophosphate disodium in pure and mixed solvents",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "fengxia zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingwei zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qiyan liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chenjie zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ting guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "cxqmDIJz": {
        "id": "cxqmDIJz",
        "title": "Continuous citric acid production in repeated-fed batch fermentation by Aspergillus niger immobilized on a new porous foam.",
        "abstract": "The efficiency of current methods for industrial production of citric acid is limited. To achieve continuous citric acid production with enhanced yield and reduced cost, immobilized fermentation was employed in an Aspergillus niger 831 repeated fed-batch fermentation system. We developed a new type of material (PAF201), which was used as a carrier for the novel adsorption immobilization system. Hydrophobicity, pore size and concentration of carriers were researched in A. niger immobilization. The efficiency of the A. niger immobilization process was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Then eight-cycle repeated fed-batch cultures for citric acid production were carried out over 600 h, which showed stable production with maximum citric acid concentrations and productivity levels of 162.7 g/L and 2.26 g L h, respectively. Compared with some other literatures about citric acid yield, PAF201 immobilization system is 11.3% higher than previous results. These results indicated that use of the new adsorption immobilization system could greatly improve citric acid productivity in repeated fed-batch fermentation. Moreover, these results could provide a guideline for A.niger or other filamentous fungi immobilization in industry.",
        "keywords": [
            "Aspergillus niger",
            "Biofilm",
            "Citric acid",
            "Immobilized fermentation",
            "PAF201"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bin Yu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenjun Sun",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xun Xi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Zhao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zichun Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuojun Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China. Electronic address: chenyong1982@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China. Electronic address: yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of biotechnology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "6hoCMJF2": {
        "id": "6hoCMJF2",
        "title": "Application of electrodialysis to extract 5′-ribonucleotides from hydrolysate: efficient decolorization and membrane fouling",
        "abstract": "In order to simplify the process of extracting 5′-ribonucleotides from hydrolysate in industry in an environmentally friendly manner, electrodialysis was introduced as an alternative route. The feasibility of electrodialysis for the separation of 5′-ribonucleotides from hydrolysate was investigated using a series of membranes under different conditions. The results of the lab-scale experiments indicate that ChemJoy membranes are most suitable for the separation of 5′-ribonucleotides. At a current density of 13.2 A m−2 or constant voltage of 30 V in batch operation, the yield of 5′-ribonucleotides reaches 97.2% and 95.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the decolorization ratio of 91.6% indicates that most pigments are blocked by the membranes and the current efficiency reaches 70% for guanosine 5′-monophosphate (GMP) production. Remarkably, the 5′-ribonucleotides are 1.3-times more concentrated. Finally, membrane fouling was investigated via SEM and ATR-FTIR, and the TingRun, ChemJoy and Astom cationic membranes showed the same membrane fouling resistance. However, among the anionic membranes, ChemJoy showed the best fouling resistance. The total energy cost of the pilot-scale operation was estimated to be 155.44 $ per t 5′-ribonucleotides. This process integrates preliminary purification, decolorization and concentration, providing a simple, cost-effective and green way to produce 5′-ribonucleotides.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Han Kuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "u663TRnx": {
        "id": "u663TRnx",
        "title": "Mathematical modeling of the competitive sorption dynamics of acetone–butanol–ethanol on KA-I resin in a fixed-bed column",
        "abstract": "The recovery and purification of biobutanol based on the adsorption method were performed in dynamic conditions. Computational and theoretical modeling is an important tool in the characterization, development, and validation of fixed-bed columns. Relevant breakthrough curves provide valuable information for designing fixed-bed adsorption processes for field applications. In the present study, a general rate model (GRM), implementing convection/diffusion approach theory and a competitive isotherm model, was used to predict the competitive sorption dynamics of acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) on a KA-I resin in a fixed-bed column under different operating conditions, i.e., inlet feed flow rate, initial adsorbate concentration, and bed height. The model simulation was quantified by the absolute average deviation (AAD). The calculated AAD values, ranging from 0.05 to 0.1, indicated that the GRM gives a general prediction for experimental data. The axial dispersion, external mass transfer, and pore diffusion coefficients were calculated by a series of empirical correlations. Biot number was used to identify the rate controlling step for the adsorption process of ABE on the resin. And the pore diffusion coefficient was found to be major governing factor for adsorption of ABE. The data and modeling presented are valuable for designing the continuous chromatographic separation process and simulation of ABE.",
        "keywords": [
            "Competitive adsorption",
            "Breakthrough curve",
            "Acetone–butanol–ethanol",
            "General rate model",
            "Rate controlling step"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pengfei jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingwei zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "pengpeng yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chenjie zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ting guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Adsorption",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "MhxLYIqz": {
        "id": "MhxLYIqz",
        "title": "Nano-biocatalysts of Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO composites with high recyclability via a de Novo Approach.",
        "abstract": "In order to improve the stability and recyclability of enzymes immobilized on metal organic framewoks (MOFs), graphene oxide (GO) with surface oxygen-rich functional groups was selected to form ZIF-8/GO nanocomposites with the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) for Cytochrome c (Cyt c) immobilization. It was found that functional groups on GO surface were involved in the growth of ZIF-8 without affecting the crystal structure, but their particle sizes reduced to about 200 nm. The storage stability and resistance toward to organic solvents of Cyt c were obviously improved after immobilization on the ZIF-8/GO nanocomposite. On one hand, compared to Cyt c@ZIF-8 and Cyt c@GO with 30% and 60% protein leakage, the Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO displayed little protein leakage after 60 h of storage. On the other hand, the Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO retained a residual activity of approximately 100% after being stored in ethanol and acetone for 2 h, while the free enzyme, Cyt c@ZIF-8 and Cyt c@GO retained only about 10%, 50% and 40%, respectively. In addition, the Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO nanocomposites can be utilized up to 4 cycles with virtually no loss of activity, and may be further applied on HO biosensing systems. The synergistic effect between MOFs and GO in ZIF-8/GO nanocomposites provides infinite possibilities as immobilized enzyme carriers.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qianqian Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanke Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Byron Villacorta Hernandez",
                "org": "School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengpeng Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhonghua Zhu",
                "org": "School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "5SmaG5k2": {
        "id": "5SmaG5k2",
        "title": "Model-based design of an intermittent simulated moving bed process for recovering lactic acid from ternary mixture.",
        "abstract": "An intermittent simulated moving bed (3F-ISMB) operation scheme, the extension of the 3W-ISMB to the non-linear adsorption region, has been introduced for separation of glucose, lactic acid and acetic acid ternary-mixture. This work focuses on exploring the feasibility of the proposed process theoretically and experimentally. Firstly, the real 3F-ISMB model coupled with the transport dispersive model (TDM) and the Modified-Langmuir isotherm was established to build up the separation parameter plane. Subsequently, three operating conditions were selected from the plane to run the 3F-ISMB unit. The experimental results were used to verify the model. Afterwards, the influences of the various flow rates on the separation performances were investigated systematically by means of the validated 3F-ISMB model. The intermittent-retained component lactic acid was finally obtained with the purity of 98.5%, recovery of 95.5% and the average concentration of 38 g/L. The proposed 3F-ISMB process can efficiently separate the mixture with low selectivity into three fractions.",
        "keywords": [
            "3F-ISMB",
            "Lactic acid",
            "Modeling",
            "Modified-Langmuir isotherm",
            "Ternary mixture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Mingkai Song",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Linlin Cui",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Han Kuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengpeng Yang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: wujinglan@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of chromatography. A",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mi2qOdRC": {
        "id": "mi2qOdRC",
        "title": "Efficient nanobiocatalytic systems of nuclease P1 immobilized on PEG-NH2 modified graphene oxide: effects of interface property heterogeneity.",
        "abstract": "The use of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets for functional enzyme support has attracted intensive interest owing to their unique planar structure and intriguing physical and chemical properties. However, the detailed effects of the interface properties of GO and its functionalized derivatives on active biomolecules are not well understood. We immobilize nuclease P1, a common industrial nucleic acid production enzyme, on pristine and amino poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-NH2) modified GO nanosheets with interface property heterogeneity using two approaches, physical adsorption and chemical crosslinking. It is demonstrated that nuclease P1 could be stable immobilized on the surface of pristine GO by physical adsorption and on the edge of modified GO nanosheets by chemical crosslinking. The resultant loading capacity of nuclease P1 on pristine GO is as high as 6.45mg/mg as a consequence of strong electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the enzyme and carrier. However, it is determined that the acid resistance, thermal stability, reusability and degradation efficiency of the immobilized enzyme on PEG-NH2-modified GO are obviously improved compared to those of the enzyme immobilized on pristine GO. The enhanced catalytic behavior demonstrates that GO and its derivatives have great potential in efficient biocatalytic systems. ",
        "keywords": [
            "Enzyme immobilization",
            "Graphene oxide",
            "Interface",
            "Modification",
            "Nuclease P(1)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Linjiao He",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiahua Zhu",
                "org": "Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Whitby Hall 411A, Akron, OH, 44325-3906, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Zheng",
                "org": "Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 699, Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing 210042, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojing Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yihui Dong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China. Electronic address: yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "qPPlvy1y": {
        "id": "qPPlvy1y",
        "title": "Facile synthesis of amino-functionalized mesoporous TiO2 microparticles for adenosine deaminase immobilization",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Fabrication of biocompatible micro- and nanoparticles is attractive because of their potential for application as enzyme immobilization tools. Mesoporous TiO 2  microparticles with high crystallinity, high hydroxyl density, and large pore size (20 nm) were prepared by solid-state calcination and a soft chemistry method. The large pores of the microparticles were efficient in adenosine deaminase (ADA) encapsulation. The hydroxyl-coated microparticles could optimize amino-silane modification and be efficiently utilized as ADA-immobilization carriers. However, the adsorbed enzymes were easily leached when cycled. Sequential application of the coupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and cross-linker glutaraldehyde (GLU) enabled effective ADA coupling. After eight batch cycles, the immobilized ADA retained 80% of its initial activity, much higher than that by direct enzyme adsorption (30%). GLU prevented enzyme desorption and loss of activity. We thus improved ADA loading efficiency, recycling, and stability. TiO 2  microparticles could be suitable ADA immobilization candidates for detection and industrial inosinic acid production.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuehui Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Linjiao He",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong An",
                "org": "Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaohua Lu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microporous and Mesoporous Materials",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Ft9fHTen": {
        "id": "Ft9fHTen",
        "title": "Efficient preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from cellulose in a biphasic system over hafnyl phosphates",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A series of hafnyl phosphates HfO(PO 4 ) x  (x = 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) were prepared by coprecipitation of HfCl 4  with KH 2 PO 4 , which were explored for efficient production of HMF from cellulose in NaCl-H 2 O/THF biphasic system. An excellent HMF yield of 69.8% was achieved over HfO(PO 4 ) 2.0  at 190 °C for 240 min. Levulinic acid was barely produced during the reaction since the strength of HfO(PO 4 ) 2.0  is not enough to rehydrate HMF, and humins deposition was almost eliminated due to its poorer HMF adsorption (9.3 mg/g). The results showed that the role of the phosphate group in the catalyst could be in deactivation of unselective Lewis acid sites. Furthermore, high yields of HMF from other carbohydrates such as fructose (94.8%), glucose (90.5%), cellobiose (79.3%), sucrose (86.6%), starch (75.3%), inulin (80.4%), as well as wheat straw (18.6%) could be achieved using HfO(PO 4 ) 2.0  as a catalyst. During catalyst recyclable test, the catalytic performance of HfO(PO 4 ) 2.0  is well maintained after five catalytic cycles. Characterization analysis of fresh and recycled HfO(PO 4 ) 2.0  with SEM, XRD, and FT-IR indicated the catalyst has good stability and robustness.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi Cao",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongxiang Fan",
                "org": "College of Continuing Education, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Li",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Shen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Catalysis B-environmental",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "1FrRkBG0": {
        "id": "1FrRkBG0",
        "title": "Bamboo pyrolysis using TG–FTIR and a lab-scale reactor: Analysis of pyrolysis behavior, product properties, and carbon and energy yields",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "pyrolysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dengyu chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongru zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qian li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fuel",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ett2bI5U": {
        "id": "ett2bI5U",
        "title": "Towards acetone-uncoupled biofuels production in solventogenic Clostridium through reducing power conservation.",
        "abstract": "Microbial production of butanol by solventogenic Clostridium has long been complicated with the formation of acetone as an unwanted product, which causes poor product yields and creates a most important problem concerning substrate transformation. Intensive attempts concentrate on carbon conversion pathways to eliminate acetone, but have actually achieved little so far. Here, we believe microbial product distribution can largely depend on how the cell plays its energetic cofactors in central metabolism, and demonstrate that by introducing a synthetic 2,3-butanediol synthesis pathway in Clostridium acetobutylicum as an NADH-compensating module to readjust the reducing power at a systems level, the production of acetone can be selectively and efficiently eliminated (<0.3 g/L). H evolution was reduced by 78%, and the total alcohol yield was strikingly increased by 19% to 0.44 g/g glucose, much higher than those yet reported for butanol fermentation. These findings highlight that it is the loss of reducing power rather than typically manipulated solventogenesis genes that dominates acetone formation. Further study revealed that the NADH-module triggered apparent regulation of pathways involved in electron transfer and reducing power conservation. The study also suggested the key to conservation of intracellular reducing power might essentially lie in the intermediate processes in central metabolism that are related to redox partners, butyrate or C branches, and possibly NADH and NADPH specificity. This study represents the first effective redox-based configuration of C. acetobutylicum and provides valuable understandings for redox engineering of native Clostridium species towards advanced production of biofuels and alcohols.",
        "keywords": [
            "2",
            "3-butanediol",
            "Clostridium acetobutylicum",
            "NADH",
            "atom economy",
            "biobutanol",
            "redox cofactor"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengjiao Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Biomedical Nanotechnology Center, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China. Electronic address: yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Metabolic engineering",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "FlbW6ZCp": {
        "id": "FlbW6ZCp",
        "title": "Recovery of lactic acid from the pretreated fermentation broth based on a novel hyper-cross-linked meso-micropore resin: Modeling.",
        "abstract": "An innovative benign process for recovery lactic acid from its fermentation broth is proposed using a novel hyper-cross-linked meso-micropore resin and water as eluent. This work focuses on modeling the competitive adsorption behaviors of glucose, lactic acid and acetic acid ternary mixture and explosion of the adsorption mechanism. The characterization results showed the resin had a large BET surface area and specific pore structure with hydrophobic properties. By analysis of the physicochemical properties of the solutes and the resin, the mechanism of the separation is proposed as hydrophobic effect and size-exclusion. Subsequently three chromatographic models were applied to predict the competitive breakthrough curves of the ternary mixture under different operating conditions. The pore diffusion was the major limiting factor for the adsorption process, which was consistent with the BET results. The novel HD-06 resin can be a good potential adsorbent for the future SMB continuous separation process.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chromatographic models",
            "Competitive adsorption",
            "Hyper-cross-linked meso-micropore resin",
            "Lactic acid",
            "Ternary mixture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Mingkai Song",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengfei Jiao",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Taotao Qin",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kangkang Jiang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: wujinglan@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "GZ1OZOqV": {
        "id": "GZ1OZOqV",
        "title": "Bio-butanol sorption performance on novel porous-carbon adsorbents from corncob prepared via hydrothermal carbonization and post-pyrolysis method.",
        "abstract": "A series of porous-carbon adsorbents termed as HDPC (hydrochar-derived pyrolysis char) were prepared from corncob and used for the 1-butanol recovery from aqueous solution. The influences of pyrolysis temperature on properties of the adsorbents were systematically investigated. The results showed that hydrophobicity, surface area, and pore volume of HDPC samples increased with an increase in pyrolysis temperature. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanism of 1-butanol on the adsorbents was explored based on correlation of the samples properties with adsorption parameters extracted from the 1-butanol adsorption isotherms (K  and Q  ). Overall, the 1-butanol adsorption capacity increased with a decrease in polarity and an increase in aromaticity, surface area and pore volume of HDPC samples. However, at different pyrolysis temperature, the factors causing the increase of 1-butanol adsorption on the adsorbents are variable. The kinetic experiments revealed that the pores played a vital role in the 1-butonal adsorption process. The intraparticle diffusion model was used to predict the adsorption kinetic process. The simulation results showed that intraparticle diffusion was the main rate-controlling step in the 1-butanol adsorption process.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Mengjun Han",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kangkang Jiang",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengfei Jiao",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingchun Ji",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing, China. yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Jiang su National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing, China. wujinglan@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "gh2o2JN0": {
        "id": "gh2o2JN0",
        "title": "Recovery of Acetoin from the Ethanol–Acetoin–Acetic Acid Ternary Mixture Based on Adsorption Methodology Using a Hyper-Cross-Linked Resin",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xu ke",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lili wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "renjie li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xudong zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "pengfei jiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "230236IL": {
        "id": "230236IL",
        "title": "Efficient decolorization of citric acid fermentation broth using carbon materials prepared from phosphoric acid activation of hydrothermally treated corncob",
        "abstract": "Conventional activated carbon used in decolorization of citric acid fermentation broth has the disadvantage of high citric acid loss. In this study, a novel biomass-based carbon material, namely HBCM, was prepared via H3PO4 activation of hydrothermally treated corncob. The material was fully characterized by SEM, BET, TG, FTIR, XPS and pHpzc. The results showed that the materialu0027s SBET was as high as 1720 m2 g−1 and several weak-acid functional groups existed on its surface, which contributed to efficient decolorization with low citric acid loss. By adjusting the solution pH value to around 7, nearly no citric acid was lost. Furthermore, the adsorption behavior of pigments on HBCM was systematically investigated under optimized pH. The results indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. Intra-particle diffusion was the rate-limiting step. By comparing FTIR data before and after adsorption, it was found that oxygen-containing functional groups on the HBCM surface participated in pigment adsorption. Overall, the tailor-made HBCM performed excellently with a 99% decolorization ratio and nearly no citric acid loss under optimum operating conditions. It could be a potential adsorbent in the removal of pigments from citric acid fermentation broth.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Taotao Qin",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kangkang Jiang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Xin Mofan Road 5,Nanjing 210009,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "bfn0iiwJ": {
        "id": "bfn0iiwJ",
        "title": "Concanavalin A induced orientation immobilization of Nuclease P1: The effect of lectin agglutination",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Orientation immobilization of enzymes has attracted intensive interest owing to the retainable specific activity and stability. Specially, glycoprotein immobilized onto Concanavalin A (Con A) modified carriers induces the orientation of the enzyme. However, the effects of the interface properties of carriers and enzymes are still not well understood yet. In this study, we synthesized the activated porous poly (styrene- divinylbenzene) resin carriers with 30 nm pore sizes and 72 m 2  g −1  specific surface areas and decorated with Con A. The resultant loading capacity of NP  1   on Con A modified carriers was as high as 4.02 mg g −1  wet support as a result of strong affinity between the enzyme and Con A decorated on carriers. It was found that the acid resistance, thermal stability, reusability and degradation efficiency of the immobilized enzyme on Con A modified porous carriers were significantly improved. The reduction of  K m   from 18.40 ± 0.55 mg mL −1  to 17.19 ± 0.51 mg mL −1  illustrated the improved substrate affinity of HA-GA-ConA-NP 1 . Moreover, Con A-affinity NP 1  exhibited the best operational stability that only 7% of its initial activity was lost even after 9 batches repeated reaction. This work demonstrates that surface property manipulation of porous carriers and its derivatives has great potential in efficient biocatalytic systems.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jinsha Huang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ce Wei",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liwen Mu",
                "org": "Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiahua Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yudan Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Process Biochemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "badGrKna": {
        "id": "badGrKna",
        "title": "<Emphasis Type=\"Italic\">Clostridium acetobutylicum</Emphasis> grows vegetatively in a biofilm rich in heteropolysaccharides and cytoplasmic proteins",
        "abstract": "Biofilms are cell communities wherein cells are embedded in a self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The biofilm of Clostridium acetobutylicum confers the cells superior phenotypes and has been extensively exploited to produce a variety of liquid biofuels and bulk chemicals. However, little has been known about the physiology of C. acetobutylicum in biofilm as well as the composition and biosynthesis of the EPS. Thus, this study is focused on revealing the cell physiology and EPS composition of C. acetobutylicum biofilm.",
        "keywords": [
            "Clostridium acetobutylicum",
            " Biofilm",
            " Polysaccharide",
            " Moonlighting protein",
            " Sporulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengjiao Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology for Biofuels",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "EPSzZC4r": {
        "id": "EPSzZC4r",
        "title": "Combined ion exchange and adsorption equilibria of 5′-ribonucleotides on the strong acid cation exchange resin NH-1: Combined ion exchange and adsorption equilibria of 5′-ribonucleotides",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengfei Jiao",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingying Wang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "PLJyyjmZ": {
        "id": "PLJyyjmZ",
        "title": "Improving biocatalytic microenvironment with biocompatible ε-poly-l-lysine for one step gluconic acid production in low pH enzymatic systems",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Surface amine modification could not only improve the microenvironment near the active sites of enzyme, but also enhance the multi-point chemical crosslinking between the enzyme and carrier. The linear structured polymer of  e-poly - l - lysine  (EPL) is an ideal donor of amino with much more exposed on the surface for enzyme attachment. Analysis of the result of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and circular dichroism (CD) demonstrated the favorable electrostatic interactions and negligible impact on the conformation of enzymes, Glucose Oxidase and Catalase (GOxu0026CAT). Titration and dissociation curve together with Zeta-potential characterization revealed that enzymes (EPL@GOxu0026CAT) under the protection of EPL had more stable structure and better activity and stability in acidic reaction environment. Meanwhile, the activity recovery of immobilized EPL@GOxu0026CAT increased to 1.56 times higher than that of GOxu0026CAT, and the acid resistance was improved by 1.44 times with the optimum pH shifting to acidic by 0.50 unit. The substrate affinity was raised with the decrease of  K m   from 5.98 to 4.35 mg mL −1 . Thus, the gluconic acid production in low pH system could be increased by pH-engineering of the enzyme microenvironment via conjugation with positively charged polyelectrolyte.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jinsha Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Ge",
                "org": "Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, 4300, Australia"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Wang",
                "org": "Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, No. 79 Chating East Street, Nanjing, 210017, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenfu Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Process Biochemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "VDsOUj9m": {
        "id": "VDsOUj9m",
        "title": "Stability and repeatability improvement of horseradish peroxidase by immobilization on amino-functionalized bacterial cellulose",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biodegradable material with many excellent properties for enzyme immobilization. However, hydroxyl groups of low reactivity in glucose units cannot directly react with the amines of enzymatic proteins. In this work, amino-functionalized bacterial cellulose was firstly used as carrier to immobilize horseradish peroxidase (HRP) via glutaraldehyde coupling. SEM, FT-IR, XPS, BET, and TGA were used to characterize the properties of modified BC and showed that it is more suitable for enzyme immobilization. The optimum pH range for immobilized HRP (pH 5.5–8.5) was wider than that of free enzyme (pH 6–8), and the immobilized HRP exhibited good adaptability to environmental alkalinity. The relative activity of immobilized HRP at 25–40 °C was greater than 90%, significantly surpassing that of free HRP. Furthermore, the obtained kinetic constant values showed that modified BC had decreased affinity for the substrate. Additionally, modified BC-immobilized HRP was reused efficiently for 10 cycles with greater than 70% of its original activity retained. Under optimal conditions, coupling ratio and specific activity could reach 86.7% and 41.7 Ug -1  min -1 , respectively. These results show that the immobilization of HRP on amino-functionalized BC enhanced its appropriateness for a future use in various biotechnological and environmental applications.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bin Yu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Cheng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ChenJie Zhu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Process Biochemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Fdkfg0lP": {
        "id": "Fdkfg0lP",
        "title": "Production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels with acetoin and platform molecules derived from lignocellulose",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chenjie zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "linfeng wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kai guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "pingkai ouyang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Green Chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Dqew558i": {
        "id": "Dqew558i",
        "title": "Determination of Metastable Zone Widths and the Primary Nucleation and Growth Mechanisms for the Crystallization of Disodium Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate from a Water–Ethanol System",
        "abstract": "Metastable zone widths (MSZWs) and induction times (tind’s) were measured by turbidity techniques during the antisolvent crystallization of disodium guanosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-GMPNa2). Measured MSZWs can be affected by numerous process parameters, including temperature, the agitation rate, and the antisolvent addition rate. An exponential equation was used to correlate the supersolubility and solubility data for different conditions, and to afford predictions of the MSZW values. Values of tind at different temperatures and mole fractions of water were assessed to determine the primary nucleation and growth mechanisms of 5′-GMPNa2 crystals in the water–ethanol system. The measured tind’s were then correlated using mononuclear and polynuclear mechanistic models. The fitting results identified the primary nucleation mechanism for 5′-GMPNa2 as polynuclear, which relates tind and the supersaturation for various growth mechanisms. The growth mechanism of 5′-GMPNa2 was found to be diffusion-controlled at all...",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pengpeng yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingwei zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fengxia zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qiyan liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "WIlCBpG2": {
        "id": "WIlCBpG2",
        "title": "Affinity induced immobilization of adenylate cyclase from the crude cell lysate for ATP conversion.",
        "abstract": "The development of an orientation immobilization technique via affinity between polyhistidine tags and metal ions aims at maintaining biocatalytic activity of the enzymes. In this work, to tackle the issue of the immobilization of adenylate cyclase (AC), a simple and effective approach of synthesizing iminodiacetic acid (IDA)-Ni particles was applied for simultaneously purifying and immobilizing his-tagged AC. We chose agarose particles as carriers, and then decorated them with IDA, leading to the formation of a coordination combination of Ni. The porous carriers with a large pore size of 50 nm and a specific surface area of 45.8 m/g exhibited favorable enzymatic activity and loading capacity. The optimal pH of the immobilized enzyme increased from 8.0 to 9.0 and the optimal temperature increased from 30 °C to 35 °C, compared to the free AC. Moreover, the immobilized AC retained a residual activity of approximately 80% after storing it at 25 °C for 48 h, whereas only 40% of the activity was left in the free AC at the same conditions. Maximum yield of cyclic adenosine-3', 5'- monophosphate (cAMP) reached up to the summit of the reaction. The immobilized AC by affinity adsorption will provide a promising route for the industrial production of cAMP.",
        "keywords": [
            "Adenylate cyclase",
            "Cyclic adenosine-3′",
            "5′-monophosphate",
            "Enzyme immobilization",
            "His-tagged",
            "Iminodiacetic acid",
            "Nickel ions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qianqian Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia. Electronic address: weizhuang@njtech.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Ge",
                "org": "Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland 4300, Australia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Byron Villacorta Hernandez",
                "org": "School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Wang",
                "org": "Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, No. 79 Chating East Street, Nanjing 210017, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "R1wbAqmU": {
        "id": "R1wbAqmU",
        "title": "RNA accumulation in Candida tropicalis based on cofactor engineering",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bingbing Li",
                "org": "School of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 367036, Henan, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Liu",
                "org": "School of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 367036, Henan, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianzhe Wang",
                "org": "School of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 367036, Henan, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Hong",
                "org": "School of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 367036, Henan, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fems Yeast Research",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "qyV34a83": {
        "id": "qyV34a83",
        "title": "Surface functionalization of graphene oxide by disodium guanosine 5′-monophosphate and its excellent performance for lipase immobilization",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "WeiWei Gu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qianqian Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiahua Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenfu Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "iRS23jSl": {
        "id": "iRS23jSl",
        "title": "Genetic Engineering of Bacteria that can Produce Urate Oxidase",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bo yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "l juan he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gan chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r fa huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "y sheng jiang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "JApoC7dA": {
        "id": "JApoC7dA",
        "title": "Influences of geometrical topography and surface chemistry on the stable immobilization of adenosine deaminase on mesoporous TiO 2",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "surface chemistry",
            "adenosine deaminase"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wei zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuehui zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiahua zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "rong an",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bingbing li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liwen mu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingwei zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaohua lu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Engineering Science",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "QHGhfggl": {
        "id": "QHGhfggl",
        "title": "Dehydration of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in a biphasic system using EDTA as a temperature-responsive catalyst",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The widely available reagent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was used as a temperature-responsive catalyst to produce 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from fructose. Using this catalyst, a remarkable HMF yield of 89 ± 3% was achieved in a water-MIBK biphasic system containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 2-butanol. The pH of the reaction system based on EDTA as a catalyst was shown to be temperature-responsive. Moreover, the EDTA catalyst could be recycled simply by cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature due to its temperature-dependent solubility in water. A slight decrease in the yield of HMF (from 89 ± 3 to 81 ± 2%) was observed after EDTA repeated use for five cycles, and a yield of 88 ± 2% was achieved again after purification of the recycled EDTA via recrystallization with NaOH/HCl. The FTIR spectrum of recycled EDTA was almost the same as that of fresh catalyst, and TG analysis showed the decomposition temperature of EDTA is about 260 °C. Furthermore, a leaching test revealed that only 4.3 ± 0.2% of the initial EDTA was lost after five-time reuse.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi Cao",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Li",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Shen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenglun Tang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Catalysis A-general",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "cZBRRVQf": {
        "id": "cZBRRVQf",
        "title": "Effect of Torrefaction Temperature on Biomass Pyrolysis Using TGA and Py-GC/MS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "biomass",
            "torrefaction",
            "pyrolysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dengyu chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongru zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ae1ph2Gr": {
        "id": "ae1ph2Gr",
        "title": "Clostridium acetobutylicum grows vegetatively in a biofilm rich in heteropolysaccharides and cytoplasmic proteins.",
        "abstract": "This study evidenced that vegetative  cells rather than commonly assumed spore-forming cells were essentially the solvent-forming cells. The abundant non-classically secreted moonlighting proteins might be important for the biofilm formation. This study provides the first physiological and molecular insights into  biofilm which should be valuable for understanding and development of the biofilm-based processes.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biofilm",
            "Clostridium acetobutylicum",
            "Moonlighting protein",
            "Polysaccharide",
            "Sporulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "2Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211800 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengjiao Yang",
                "org": "1State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211800 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "2Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211800 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "2Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211800 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "2Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211800 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "2Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211800 China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "2Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advance Material (SICAM), No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211800 China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology for biofuels",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "voyMOG5S": {
        "id": "voyMOG5S",
        "title": "Extracellular polymer substances and the heterogeneity of Clostridium acetobutylicum biofilm induced tolerance to acetic acid and butanol",
        "abstract": "The mechanisms associated with how cells in biofilms exhibit enhanced tolerance to adverse environmental stress have attracted much recent attention. In this study, we investigated the tolerance mechanisms through observation of biofilm morphology combined with detection of fermentation activity, and discovered an improved way to culture biofilms for application in acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. We found that a mature biofilm exhibited enhanced tolerance to acetic acid and butanol during ABE fermentation. A mature biofilm consists of a complex, heterogeneity three-dimensional structure, with a coated extracellular polymer substance (EPS). Therefore, when exposed to a harsh environment, cells in different regions of the biofilm displayed different levels of performance, resulting in cells with higher tolerance levels capable of survival, continued growth. The EPS acted as a barrier, limiting the transfer of harmful substances, and diluting their concentration in order to protect biofilm cells. During repeated-batch fermentations, the continuous fermentation formed biofilms, and the butanol concentration, productivity, and yield were 22.08%, 26.37%, and 61.08% higher, respectively, relative to suspended fermentation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road,Nanjing 210009,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Yang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road,Nanjing 211816,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road,Nanjing 211816,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road,Nanjing 211816,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road,Nanjing 211816,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road,Nanjing 210009,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5, Xinmofan Road,Nanjing 210009,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "YhqGi4tx": {
        "id": "YhqGi4tx",
        "title": "Immobilization of Clostridium acetobutylicum onto natural textiles and its fermentation properties",
        "abstract": "SummaryImmobilized fermentation has several advantages over traditional suspended fermentation, including simple and continuous operation, improved fermentation performance and reduced cost. Carrier is the most adjustable element among three elements of immobilized fermentation, including carrier, bacteria and environment. In this study, we characterized carrier roughness and surface properties of four types of natural fibres, including linen, cotton, bamboo fibre and silk, to assess their effects on cell immobilization, fermentation performance and stability. Linen with higher specific surface area and roughness could adsorb more bacteria during immobilized fermentation, thereby improving fermentation performance; thus, linen was selected as a suitable carrier and was applied for acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. To further improve fermentation performance, we also found that microbes of Clostridium acetobutylicum were negatively charged surfaces during fermentation. Therefore, we then modified linen with polyetherimide (PEI) and steric acid (SA) to increase surface positive charge and improve surface property. During ABE fermentation, the adhesion between modified linen and bacteria was increased, adsorption was increased about twofold compared with that of unmodified linen, and butanol productivity was increased 8.16% and 6.80% with PEI- and SA-modified linen as carriers respectively.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhuang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; No. 5, Xinmofan Road Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojing Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology; Nanjing Tech University; No. 30, Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Yang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology; Nanjing Tech University; No. 30, Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology; Nanjing Tech University; No. 30, Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology; Nanjing Tech University; No. 30, Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; No. 5, Xinmofan Road Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology; Nanjing Tech University; No. 30, Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; No. 5, Xinmofan Road Nanjing 210009 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microbial Biotechnology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "m7RaIzVP": {
        "id": "m7RaIzVP",
        "title": "Production of cytidine 5'-diphosphorylcholine with high utilization of ATP by whole cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.",
        "abstract": "Cytidine 5'-diphosphorylcholine (CDP-choline) was produced using a high efficiency ATP regeneration system and the Kennedy pathway in whole cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae As 2.398. Out of eight variables, KH(2)PO(4), glycerol and (NH(4))(2)SO(4) were considered to be the most significant factors by response surface methodology including a Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest accent and central composite design. The optimum levels of the three variables were 20.13g/L KH(2)PO(4), 12.35g/L glycerol and 0.49g/L (NH(4))(2)SO(4), respectively. Energy utilization efficiency increased from 10.59% to 16.72% and choline chloride conversion yields increased from 12.35% to 42.78%. A high efficiency ATP regeneration system improves CDP-choline production.",
        "keywords": [
            "atp regeneration",
            "choline chloride",
            "cytidine 5'-diphosphorylcholine",
            "saccharomyces cerevisiae"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiapeng Tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuelan Yao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "aChQ93IY": {
        "id": "aChQ93IY",
        "title": "Long-Term Production of Fuel Ethanol by Immobilized Yeast in Repeated-Batch Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Cassava",
        "abstract": "In this study, a fibrous matrix with chemical modification was used as a support material for the immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1308. Cassava hydrolysate without filteration was used for ethanol fermentation. An average utilization rate of starch of 83.5% was obtained by the immobilized cells during the first seven repeated simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. The utilization rate of starch of the immobilized cells was 2.1% higher than that of free cells with an inoculation quantity of 15% (v/v) under the same fermentation conditions. In addition, the effects of enzyme feeding strategies on immobilized yeast fermentation were investigated. The highest utilization rate of starch of 85.9% was obtained at 35 °C with the optimal enzyme feeding strategy. Fermentation performed successfully for about 6 months with 87 batches suggests that ethanol production from cassava using immobilized yeast in a fibrous-bed bioreactor is feasible and may meet the demands of industrial production.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "peng zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qingguo liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy & Fuels",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "TfhgTAgU": {
        "id": "TfhgTAgU",
        "title": "Reversible, selective immobilization of nuclease P 1 from a crude enzyme solution on a weak base anion resin activated by polyethylenimine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "adsorption"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "bingbing li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhi cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huanqing niu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ying he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Molecular Catalysis B-enzymatic",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "RayGDNct": {
        "id": "RayGDNct",
        "title": "METHOD FOR DESORBING AND REGENERATING BUTANOL-ADSORBING HYDROPHOBIC MACROPOROUS POLYMER ADSORBENT",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "应汉杰",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqing lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "林晓清",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiansheng fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "樊建声",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "吴菁岚",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "陈勇",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "陈晓春",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "谢婧婧",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "熊健",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianxin bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "柏建新",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "DSoA83MC": {
        "id": "DSoA83MC",
        "title": "CLOSTRIDIUM ACETOBUTYLICUM AND APPLICATION THEREOF",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "an li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqing lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianxin bai",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "VIvYcFp1": {
        "id": "VIvYcFp1",
        "title": "Fully Automated Continuous Meso-flow Synthesis of 5′-Nucleotides and Deoxynucleotides",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kai guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chenjie zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chenglun tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhi cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei he",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Process Research & Development",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "Y0xnYGYZ": {
        "id": "Y0xnYGYZ",
        "title": "Experimental Determination of Metastable Zone Width, Induction Period, and Primary Nucleation Kinetics of Cytidine 5′-Monophosphate Disodium Salt in an Ethanol–Aqueous Mixture",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "an li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jin yu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "fME64W2s": {
        "id": "fME64W2s",
        "title": "METHOD FOR MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF CYCLIC ADENOSINE 3', 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianxin bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "he song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "c0cvt0ZV": {
        "id": "c0cvt0ZV",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Highly Efficient Laccase‐Mediator System for Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chenjie zhu",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhi zhang",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            },
            {
                "name": "weiwei ding",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": "nanjing university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "EVXOV46z": {
        "id": "EVXOV46z",
        "title": "Effect of ribose, xylose, aspartic acid, glutamine and nicotinic acid on ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate synthesis by recombinant Escherichia coli.",
        "abstract": "Most reductases which belong to the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily require NAD (P) H for activity. Addition of this cofactor was still necessary for the production of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate by Escherichia coli even when a cofactor regeneration system was constructed by co-expressing carbonyl reductase from Pichia stipitis (PsCRI) and glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus megaterium (BmGDH). In an attempt to reduce dependence on the expensive cofactor, compounds directly or indirectly involved in NADP synthesis were added to the medium. Only glutamine and xylose enhanced the content of intracellular NADP (H) and the concentration of product. The concentration and yield of (S)-CHBE reached 730 mM and 48.7%, with 30 g/L of glutamine and 40 g/L of xylose, a 2.6-fold increase over the control without the addition of the two compounds.",
        "keywords": [
            "co-expression",
            "coenzyme regeneration",
            "ethyl (s)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate",
            "precursor"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yueyuan Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuzhe Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Xie",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "tCWYcUPD": {
        "id": "tCWYcUPD",
        "title": "Solubility of disodium cytidine 5′-monophosphate in different binary mixtures from 288.15K to 313.15K",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "solubility"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jin yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tianle ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "an li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Thermochimica Acta",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "aiMoiEMq": {
        "id": "aiMoiEMq",
        "title": "METHOD FOR SEPARATING BUTANOL",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqing lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianxin bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenbin qian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "KBtZhAr3": {
        "id": "KBtZhAr3",
        "title": "Separation of d-lactic acid from aqueous solutions based on the adsorption technology",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "adsorbent"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanan hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingwei zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenbin qian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqing lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianxin bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "FFkIJCRR": {
        "id": "FFkIJCRR",
        "title": "3Fa04 Production of the bio-butanol based on the continuous in situ fermentation and adsorption (ISFA) technology(Biomolecular Engineering [co-organized by Young Asian Biochemical Engineers' Community(YABEC)])",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "w u jinglan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "0oGRDX1R": {
        "id": "0oGRDX1R",
        "title": "CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS OF CYCLIC ADENOSINE 3',5'-MONOPHOSPHATE",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenbin qian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaochun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianxin bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqing lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinglan wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "YgJ8zu5A": {
        "id": "YgJ8zu5A",
        "title": "Screening of promoters from Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584 using a green fluorescent protein reporter system.",
        "abstract": "Available molecular and genetic tools for the genetic manipulation of Arthrobacter species are limited until now. In gene engineering, a continuous set of promoters with various strengths are of importance for fine-tuning gene expression in metabolic optimization and control analysis. Here, for the first time, we constructed a promoter trap system using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as a reporter, for screening and characterizing functional Arthrobacter promoters. Twenty-three Arthrobacter transformants of various GFP fluorescence strengths were isolated and characterized through the analysis of DNA sequences. Among the 23 putative promoters, 2 were selected for deletion analysis of promoter elements. As a result, the deletion of the upstream of the putative promoter P8 and P13 caused a 43.8% decrease and a 29.1% increase in the fluorescence signals, respectively. Finally, we obtained the strongest promoter P13-3 which was 4.4 times more potent than the promoter of 6-hydroxyl-D-nicotine oxidase gene which was previously reported in Arthrobacter nicotinovorans, and the obtained promoter was used to improve the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in Arthrobacter sp. CGMCC 3584. The screening strategy together with obtained promoters in this study would contribute to the future engineering of Arthrobacter species.",
        "keywords": [
            "Arthrobacter",
            "Deletion analysis",
            "Green fluorescent protein",
            "Promoter screening"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Yang",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Zhuang",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaochun Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinglan Wu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenjie Zhu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 210009, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 210009, China. yinghanjie@njtech.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "World journal of microbiology & biotechnology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "pJBztf61": {
        "id": "pJBztf61",
        "title": "Construction and co-expression of a polycistronic plasmid encoding carbonyl reductase and glucose dehydrogenase for production of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate.",
        "abstract": "Biocatalysis of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) to ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate [(S)-CHBE] was carried out using Escherichia coli co-expressing a carbonyl reductase gene from Pichia stipitis and a glucose dehydrogenase gene from Bacillus megaterium. An efficient polycistronic plasmid with a high-level of enzyme co-expression was constructed by changing the order of the genes, altering the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) regions, and aligned spacing (AS) between the SD sequence and the translation initiation codon. The optimal SD sequence was 5-TAAGGAGG-3, and the optimal AS distance was eight nucleotides. Asymmetric reduction of COBE to (S)-CHBE with more than 99% enantiomeric excess was demonstrated by transformants, using a water/ethyl caprylate system. The recombinant cells produced 1260 mM product in the organic phase, and the total turnover number, defined as moles (S)-CHBE formed per mole NADP(+), was 12,600, which was more than 10-fold higher than in aqueous systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "construction",
            "biocatalysis",
            "aligned spacing",
            "shine–dalgarno regions",
            "co-expression"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou Cao",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Yan",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Cao",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yueyuan Zhang",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ximu Li",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Xu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "HeHWmCgA": {
        "id": "HeHWmCgA",
        "title": "The mechanisms of citrate on regulating the distribution of carbon flux in the biosynthesis of uridine 5′-monophosphate by <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>",
        "abstract": "A whole cell biocatalytic process for uridine 5′-monophosphate (UMP) production from orotic acid by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was developed. The concentration of UMP was increased by 23% when 1 g l−1 sodium citrate was fed into the broth. Effects of citrate addition on UMP production were investigated. Glucose-6-phosphate\n pool was elevated by onefold, while FBP and pyruvate were decreased by 42% and 40%, respectively. Organic acid pools such\n as acetate and succinate were averagely decreased by 30% and 49%. The results demonstrated that manipulation of citrate levels\n could be used as a novel tool to regulate the metabolic fluxes distribution among glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and\n TCA cycle.",
        "keywords": [
            "citrate.carbon flux.saccharomyces cerevisiae.uridine5'-monophosphate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuya Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjiang Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanjing 210009 People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "jQtMbemv": {
        "id": "jQtMbemv",
        "title": "A novel carbonyl reductase from Pichia stipitis for the production of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate.",
        "abstract": "An NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase (PsCR) gene from Pichia stipitis was cloned. It contains an open reading frame of 849 bp encoding 283 amino acids whose sequence had less than 60% identity to known reductases that produce ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoates (S-CHBE). When expressed in Escherichia coli, the recombinant PsCR exhibited an activity of 27 U/mg using ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) as a substrate. Reduction of COBE to (S)-CHBE by transformants in an aqueous mono-phase system for 18 h, gave a molar yield of 94% and an optical purity of the (S)-isomer of more than 99% enantiomeric excess.",
        "keywords": [
            "carbonyl reductase",
            "ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate",
            "pichia stipitis",
            "ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate",
            "biocatalysis",
            "amino acid",
            "open reading frame",
            "escherichia coli",
            "enantiomeric excess"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Yan",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Xu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou Cao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjiang Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuya Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology letters",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "6PerPY3C": {
        "id": "6PerPY3C",
        "title": "Continuous ultrafiltration membrane reactor coupled with nanofiltration for the enzymatic synthesis and purification of galactosyl-oligosaccharides",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanofiltration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hengfei ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junjie fei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinchi shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ting zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nan zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hanjie ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Separation and Purification Technology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "40vMJmWV": {
        "id": "40vMJmWV",
        "title": "Efficient multi-enzyme-catalyzed CDP-choline production driven by an ATP donor module.",
        "abstract": "Cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) has been applied for treating acute craniocerebral injury and allowing recovery of consciousness after brain surgery. In this study, an acetate kinase (ACK)/acetyl phosphate system was used to supply ATP and combined with Escherichia coli-overexpressed CMP kinase (CMK), NDP kinase (NDK), choline phosphate cytidylyltransferase (CCT), and choline kinase (CKI) to produce CDP-choline from CMP and choline chloride. Within 1 h, 49 mM CDP-choline was produced, for a molar yield of 89.9 and 68.4 % based on CMP and choline chloride, respectively; the utilization efficiency of energy (UEE) was 79.5 %. Acetyl phosphate, sodium acetate, and CTP inhibited the reaction when the concentration exceeded 18.5, 600, and 30 mM, respectively. This inhibition could be overcome by controlling the rate of acetyl phosphate, CMP addition or using KOH instead of NaOH to regulate the pH in fed-batch transformation. After 24 h, the maximum titer was 124.1 ± 2.7 mM, the productivity was 5.1 ± 0.1 mM l h, the molar yield to CMP and choline chloride were 83.8 and 63.7 %, respectively, and the UEE was 58.2 %. This high yield and productivity of CDP-choline through biocatalysis suggest future application at the industrial scale.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biocatalysis",
            "CDP-choline acetate kinase/acetyl phosphate",
            "Choline phosphate cytidylyltransferase",
            "Corynebacterium ammoniagenes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yingmiao Liu",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junzhi Wang",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chongmao Xu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjie Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong Liu",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqing Niu",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Jiang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sheng Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. syang@sibs.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied microbiology and biotechnology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "aoPu6ROH": {
        "id": "aoPu6ROH",
        "title": "Biosynthesis of (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate ethyl using Escherichia coli co-expressing a novel NADH-dependent carbonyl reductase and a glucose dehydrogenase.",
        "abstract": "A novel NADH-dependent carbonyl reductase (PsCR II) gene with an open reading frame of 855bp encoding 285 amino acids was cloned from Pichia stipitis. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of PsCR II revealed less than 55% identity to known reductases that produce (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoates ethyl [(S)-CHBE]. When NADH was provided as an electron donor, Escherichia coli with pET-22b-PsCRII exhibited an activity of 15U/mg protein using 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate ethyl (COBE) as a substrate. This activity was the highest ever reported for reductases, with the exception of PsCR I, which in our previous analysis required NADPH for catalysis. Biocatalysis of COBE to (S)-CHBE was investigated using E. coli with a polycistronic plasmid pET-BP II co-expressing PsCR II and a glucose dehydrogenase in a water/butyl acetate system for 24h. The transformants gave a molar yield of 91%, and an optical purity of the (S)-isomer of higher than 99% enantiomeric excess.",
        "keywords": [
            "carbonyl reductase",
            "4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate ethyl",
            "pichia stipitis",
            "biocatalysis",
            "(s)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate ethyl"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lan Mi",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Yan",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qinting He",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Li",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Xu",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "88Kw9LNB": {
        "id": "88Kw9LNB",
        "title": "High-level production of heterologous proteins using untreated cane molasses and corn steep liquor in Escherichia coli medium.",
        "abstract": "To develop an economical industrial medium, untreated cane molasses (UCM) was tested as a carbon source for fermentation culturing\n of Escherichia coli. To test the industrial application of this medium, we chose a strain co-expressing a carbonyl reductase (PsCR) and a glucose\n dehydrogenase (BmGDH). Although corn steep liquor (CSL) could be used as an inexpensive nitrogen source to replace peptone,\n yeast extract could not be replaced in E. coli media. In a volume of 40 ml per 1-l flask, a cell concentration of optical density (OD600) 15.1 and enzyme activities of 6.51 U/ml PsCR and 3.32 U/ml BmGDH were obtained in an optimized medium containing 25.66 g/l\n yeast extract, 3.88 g/l UCM, and 7.1% (v/v) CSL. When 3.88 g/l UCM was added to the medium at 6 h in a fed-batch process, the E. coli concentration increased to OD600 of 24, and expression of both PsCR and BmGDH were twofold higher than that of a batch process. Recombinant cells from batch\n or fed-batch cultures were assayed for recombinant enzyme activity by testing the reduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate\n to ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate (CHBE). Compared to cells from batch cultures, fed-batch cultured cells showed higher recombinant\n enzyme expression, producing 560 mM CHBE in the organic phase with a molar yield of 92% and an optical purity of the (S)-isomer of >99% enantiomeric excess.",
        "keywords": [
            "corn steep liquor",
            "untreated cane molasses",
            "ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate",
            "escherichia coli rosetta",
            "fed-batch",
            "ethyl (s)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate",
            "database",
            "chemical engineering",
            "chemistry",
            "nitrogen",
            "enantiomeric excess",
            "chemical",
            "enzyme",
            "optical density",
            "material",
            "enzyme activity",
            "yeast extract",
            "batch process",
            "escherichia coli"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ximu Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Yan",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Xu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yueyuan Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied microbiology and biotechnology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "A2Vi3I3U": {
        "id": "A2Vi3I3U",
        "title": "A novel carbonyl reductase from \n <i>Pichia stipitis</i>\n for the production of ethyl (\n <i>S</i>\n )-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate",
        "abstract": "An NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase (PsCR) gene from Pichia stipitis was cloned. It contains an open reading frame of 849 bp encoding 283 amino acids whose sequence had less than 60% identity\n to known reductases that produce ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoates (S-CHBE). When expressed in Escherichia coli, the recombinant PsCR exhibited an activity of 27 U/mg using ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) as a substrate. Reduction\n of COBE to (S)-CHBE by transformants in an aqueous mono-phase system for 18 h, gave a molar yield of 94% and an optical purity of the (S)-isomer of more than 99% enantiomeric excess.",
        "keywords": [
            "biocatalysiscarbonyl reductase � ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate � ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoatepichia stipitis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Yan",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Xu",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou Cao",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjiang Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuya Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Nanjing 210009 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology Letters",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "FKmA6E35": {
        "id": "FKmA6E35",
        "title": "A new member of the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases superfamily: purification, characterization and substrate specificity of a recombinant carbonyl reductase from Pichia stipitis.",
        "abstract": "A novel short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases superfamily (SDRs) reductase (PsCR) from Pichia stipitis that produced ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate with greater than 99% enantiomeric excess, was purified to homogeneity using fractional ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by DEAE-Sepharose chromatography. The enzyme purified from recombinant Escherichia coli had a molecular mass of about 35 kDa on SDS-PAGE and only required NADPH as an electron donor. The K(m) value of PsCR for ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate was 4.9 mg/mL and the corresponding V(max) was 337 micromol/mg protein/min. The catalytic efficiency value was the highest ever reported for reductases from yeasts. Moreover, PsCR exhibited a medium-range substrate spectrum toward various keto and aldehyde compounds, i.e., ethyl-3-oxobutanoate with a chlorine substitution at the 2 or 4-position, or alpha,beta-diketones. In addition, the activity of the enzyme was strongly inhibited by SDS and beta-mercaptoethanol, but not by ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid.",
        "keywords": [
            "carbonyl reductase",
            "pichia stipitis",
            "short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases",
            "substrate specificity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Yan",
                "org": "College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong Yao",
                "org": "College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Xu",
                "org": "College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou Cao",
                "org": "College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengjiang Li",
                "org": "College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuya Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 210009, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, Nanjing 211816, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "iFSTdS3F": {
        "id": "iFSTdS3F",
        "title": "The mechanisms of citrate on regulating the distribution of carbon flux in the biosynthesis of uridine 5'-monophosphate by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.",
        "abstract": "A whole cell biocatalytic process for uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP) production from orotic acid by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was developed. The concentration of UMP was increased by 23% when 1 g l(-1) sodium citrate was fed into the broth. Effects of citrate addition on UMP production were investigated. Glucose-6-phosphate pool was elevated by onefold, while FBP and pyruvate were decreased by 42% and 40%, respectively. Organic acid pools such as acetate and succinate were averagely decreased by 30% and 49%. The results demonstrated that manipulation of citrate levels could be used as a novel tool to regulate the metabolic fluxes distribution among glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and TCA cycle.",
        "keywords": [
            "carbon flux",
            "citrate",
            "saccharomyces cerevisiae",
            "uridine 5′-monophosphate",
            "pentose phosphate pathway"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuya Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xiong",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjiang Li",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianxin Bai",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Zhang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ye",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingkai Ouyang",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjie Ying",
                "org": "Nanjing University of Technology(Nanjing University of Technology),Nanjing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied microbiology and biotechnology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ieKLlKs9": {
        "id": "ieKLlKs9",
        "title": "First principle studies on the geometry and electronic structures of the SnO2(110) surface",
        "abstract": "The geometry and electronic structures of the SnO2(110) surface have been investigated by using the first-principle method. Compared to an ideal surface, the five-fold and six-fold Sn atoms at the top layer shift inwards and outwards, respectively. For the surface oxygen atoms, the in-plane oxygen atoms move outwards, while the displacement of bridged oxygen can be neglectable. When the thickness of slab is smaller than 3 nm, the oscillations of surface energy and the displacements of surface atoms as a function of the number of layers are observed. The results of band structure calculations show that the energy bands mainly originated from the 2py/2pz orbitals of the bridged oxygen appear in the bottom of the band gap of bulk. Furthermore, the influences of the surface relaxation on the electronic properties of SnO2(110) surface are also discussed. © Editorial office of Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica.",
        "keywords": [
            "Band structures",
            "Density functional theory",
            "Surface relaxation",
            "Surface state",
            "Tin dioxide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Lin",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongfan Zhang",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Physico - Chimica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "KqIhs33Y": {
        "id": "KqIhs33Y",
        "title": "A reasonable criterion of nitrogen-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes with pyridine-like configurations",
        "abstract": "Bond curvature KD as a universal criterion is used to identify structures and reactivities of N2-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes. Calculations of adjacent N2-dopings show that, as K D is large, a pyridine-like structure is formed and the formation energies Ef linearly decrease with increasing KD, whereas as KD is small, the doping N-N bond cannot be broken. A boundary of KD between generating broken and unbroken N-N bond structures is about 1.6 nm- 1. For the (n,0) tubes, the Ef of products with the pyridine-like configurations have an odd-even oscillation rule with n values, and display a decreasing trend with increasing KD. As the largest value Klargest among all KD in a given tube is small, two N atoms are inclined to disperse in the tube and its product has a perfect sp2 hexagonal network configuration. The approximate border value of Klargest for the adjacent and disperse substitutions is 2.3 nm- 1. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "adjacent substitutions",
            "bond curvature",
            "disperse substitutions",
            "electronic structures",
            "nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guixiao Jia",
                "org": "Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology(Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology),Baotou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoguang Li",
                "org": "Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology(Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology),Baotou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiwen Song",
                "org": "Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology(Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology),Baotou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Surface Science",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "tCeR8R73": {
        "id": "tCeR8R73",
        "title": "Structure-based computational study of the hydrolysis of New Delhi metallo-β-lactmase-1.",
        "abstract": "New Delhi metallo-β-lactmase-1 (NDM-1) is an enzyme that confers antibiotic resistance to bacteria and is thus a serious threat to human health. Almost all clinically available β-lactam antibiotics can be hydrolyzed by NDM-1. To determine the mechanism behind the wide substrate diversity and strong catalytic ability of NDM-1, we explored the molecular interactions between NDM-1 and different β-lactam antibiotics using computational methods. Molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energy calculations were performed on enzyme-substrate (ES) complex models of NDM-1-Meropenem, NDM-1-Nitrocefin, and NDM-1-Ampicillin constructed by molecular docking. Our computational results suggest that mutant residues Ile35 and Lys216, and active site loop L1 residues 65-73 in NDM-1 play crucial roles in substrate recognition and binding. The results of our study provide new insights into the mechanism behind the enhanced substrate binding and wider substrate spectrum of NDM-1 compared with its homologous enzymes CcrA and IMP-1. These insights may be useful in the discovery and design of specific and potent inhibitors against NDM-1.",
        "keywords": [
            "metallo-β-lactamase",
            "molecular dynamics simulations",
            "molecular mechanics/poisson-boltzmann surface area",
            "new delhi metallo-β-lactmase-1"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kongkai Zhu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junyan Lu",
                "org": "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ye",
                "org": "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jin",
                "org": "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangqian Kong",
                "org": "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongjie Liang",
                "org": "Soochow University(Soochow University,Suzhou University),Suzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kunqian Yu",
                "org": "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hualiang Jiang",
                "org": "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Luo",
                "org": "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biochemical and biophysical research communications",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "l4mwFIHw": {
        "id": "l4mwFIHw",
        "title": "A DFT study of O2 adsorption on periodic GaN (0 0 0 1) and (0 0 0 over(1, ̄)) surfaces",
        "abstract": "The adsorption of molecular oxygen on GaN (0 0 0 1) and (0 0 0 over(1, ̄)) surfaces has been explored by employing density functional theory. Our calculations indicate that O2 prefers to be dissociated on these surfaces in parallel orientation, and the dissociated O atoms are combined in fcc site (on both surfaces) or in hcp site (only on GaN (0 0 0 over(1, ̄)) surface). The lengths of the formed Ga{single bond}O bonds at the two polar surfaces agree with that in ideal Ga2O3 bulk, and these reactions are greatly exothermic. From the potential curve, no obvious energy barrier is found during the process of O2 dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunli Hu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongfan Zhang",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolin Hu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Naixia X. Lu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Physics Letters",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Zm1Z4prf": {
        "id": "Zm1Z4prf",
        "title": "First-principles calculations of ethanethiol adsorption and decomposition on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface",
        "abstract": "The adsorption and decomposition of ethanethiol on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface have been investigated with first-principles calculations. The DFT calculations reveal that ethanethiol adsorbs dissociatively on the clean GaN (0 0 0 1) surface to form ethanethiolate and hydrogen species. An up limit coverage of 0.33 for ethanethiolate monolayer on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface is obtained and the position of the sulfur atom and the tilt angle of the thiolate chain are found to be very sensitive to the surface coverage. Furthermore, the reactivity of ethanethiol adsorption and further thermal decomposition reactions on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface is discussed by calculating the possible reaction pathways and ethene is found to be the major product. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "adsorption",
            "dft",
            "ethanethiol",
            "gan (0 0 0 1) surface",
            "packing structure",
            "thermal decomposition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunli Hu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongfan Zhang",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ZtYH8b45": {
        "id": "ZtYH8b45",
        "title": "AN EFFICIENT CRITERION FOR THE FORMATION ENERGIES AND REACTIVITIES OF DEFECTS IN CNTs AND BNNTs",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JUNQIAN LI",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "YONG CHEN",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "LINGANG CHEN",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Theoretical & Computational Chemistry",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "YgwU8qdf": {
        "id": "YgwU8qdf",
        "title": "Bond-curvature effect of sidewall [2+1] cycloadditions of single-walled carbon nanotubes: A new criterion to the adduct structures",
        "abstract": "A unique property, bond curvature K, is proposed as a universal criterion for structures and reactivities of sidewall [2+1] cycloadditions of SWCNTs. B3LYP/6-31G* calculations for cycloadditions on various types of SWCNTs show that the binding energies of the open structures and the changes in C-C bond lengths of the 3MR structures increase linearly with K. When K is large, the open structure is formed, whereas when K is small, the formation of the configuration with a three-membered ring (3MR) is favorable. A boundary of K for producing different structures is about 1.5 nm-1 for the tubes with moderate radii. The cycloaddition of CCl2 on any C-C bond of zigzag tubes with smaller K values will lead to adducts with 3MR structures, which clarifies the contradiction between the experimental phenomenon and previous theoretical predictions. © 2006 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guixiao Jia",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongfan Zhang",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry of Materials",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "df0aMLFq": {
        "id": "df0aMLFq",
        "title": "Prediction of Chemical Anisotropy on Sidewall of Boron Nitride Nanotubes: A New Application of Directional Curvature Theory",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Li Hu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry C",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ESUDIpAi": {
        "id": "ESUDIpAi",
        "title": "The catassembled generation of naphthalene diimide coordination networks with lone pair-π interactions",
        "abstract": "Catassembly is a new concept in molecular assembly that is analogous to catalysis in chemical synthesis. However, for most molecular-assembled processes, the catassembler contributions are rather inconspicuous due to the low activation barriers. As a result, few systems dealing with the catassembly are available until now. In this paper, we report that naphthalene diimide coordination networks are formed under the catassembly of lone-pair-bearing catassemblers (e.g., N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one). During such molecular assembly, a stable transition state between the electron-deficient naphthalene diimide tectons and catassemblers via the less common lone pair-π interactions was observed, which is supposed to play the key role in the enhancement of coordination abilities of organic tectons and thus formation of the final coordination networks.",
        "keywords": [
            "catassembly",
            " coordination network",
            " naphthalene diimide",
            " lone pair-π interaction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Jun Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang-Rong Fan",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mei-Jin Lin",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science China Chemistry",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "lrgmv7qf": {
        "id": "lrgmv7qf",
        "title": "First-principles calculations of N2O adsorption and decomposition on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface",
        "abstract": "The adsorption and decomposition of N2O on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface has been explored employing density functional theory. Our calculations indicate the parallel adsorbed N2O prefers to be dissociated on the surface, and the dissociated O atom is combined at fcc site, the N-N piece is adsorbed on top site of the surface or desorbed from the surface. From the potential curve of the reaction process of N2O dissociation on the surface, an energy barrier of 0.11 eV is derived, which is smaller than that of many widely studied adsorbents for N2O decomposition. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunli Hu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongfan Zhang",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Physics Letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "KtkXUj2Z": {
        "id": "KtkXUj2Z",
        "title": "A DFT study of O2 adsorption on periodic GaN (0001) and (0001¯) surfaces",
        "abstract": "We use DFT-GGA method to optimize O 2 adsorption on GaN surfaces. The figure describes the final state of O 2 adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface in parallel orientation. Whichever initial site O 2 is in, O O bond is broken, two free oxygen atoms move to two adjacent fcc sites, respectively. Abstract The adsorption of molecular oxygen on GaN (0 0 0 1) and ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surfaces has been explored by employing density functional theory. Our calculations indicate that O 2 prefers to be dissociated on these surfaces in parallel orientation, and the dissociated O atoms are combined in fcc site (on both surfaces) or in hcp site (only on GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface). The lengths of the formed Ga O bonds at the two polar surfaces agree with that in ideal Ga 2 O 3 bulk, and these reactions are greatly exothermic. From the potential curve, no obvious energy barrier is found during the process of O 2 dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. 1 Introduction The wide-band gap GaN are currently exciting great interest due to its potential application in optoelectronics and in high-speed and high-power devices [1–3] . The oxidation of the surfaces that is relevant to the surface passivation prior to device fabrication is still an important issue. Experimentally, the adsorption of oxygen on the wurtzite GaN surfaces has been studied extensively [4–8] . A detailed study of oxygen chemisorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface has been carried out by Bermudez [4] . There are two different opinions on the composition of oxide formed on the GaN surfaces, Prabhakaran et al. [6] believed that the oxide are predominantly in the Ga 2 O 3 form, while a combined HREEL and LEED study [8] indicated that the oxide may be GaO 2 in 300 K. Theoretically, several studies have been reported [9–11] . By employing DFT-LDA approach, Zywietz et al. [10] has studied the atomic oxygen adsorption on GaN surfaces. Lu et al. [11] have calculated O 2 adsorption only on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface using a rough cluster model. However, a deep knowledge about molecular oxygen adsorption on the different GaN surfaces is still in the lack. Here we employ density functional theory to study molecular oxygen adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) and ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surfaces and its reaction process with (0 0 0 1) surface using a slab model that overcomes the shortcomings of cluster model for periodic systems. 2 Computation method and models Geometry optimizations are performed employing density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and the first principles pseudo-potential approach. Perdew-Wang91 is chosen as exchange and correlation function, and the spin-polarization effect is considered. The Ga 3d electrons are treated as valence electrons and with a plane-wave cutoff of 30 Ry. For GaN (0 0 0 1) surface, a N-adatom (H3) 2 × 2 was found to be the most energetically favorable except for pseudo 1 × 1 reconstruction, while Ga-terminated surface is not stable [12–15] . However, it will be shown later that the Ga-terminated bare surface is a good starting-point for the O 2 adsorption (see Fig. 1 a). For ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface, the only feasible candidate is the 1 × 1 Ga-adlayer model in which each Ga atom is positioned in an atop site [14,15] (see Fig. 1 b). The surfaces are modeled by (2 × 2) supercell geometries with at least eight layers of GaN and a 0.9 nm vacuum region, the bottom side of the slabs are passivated by hydrogen (the H N bond-length is fixed as the standard bond-length of 1.02 Å in ammonia molecule, and the Ga H bond-length is 1.58 Å). Among these layers, the bottom three layers are fixed, others relaxed. 3 Results and discussion 3.1 Structures of GaN (0 0 0 1) and ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surfaces Firstly, we examine the surface relaxations of GaN (0 0 0 1) and ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surfaces. The structure parameters d ad , d 12 , and d 23 characterizing the relaxations of surfaces are introduced in Fig. 1 , and the calculated parameters of structure relaxations for GaN (0 0 0 1) and ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surfaces are given in Table 1 . At the clean Ga-terminated (0 0 0 1) surface, the topmost GaN bilayer moves outward by 0.10 Å with respect to its ideal bulk position. At the clean GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface, a considerable surface relaxation of topmost bilayers (including d 12 and d 23 ) is found. In the case of Ga-covered GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface, strong Ga N bonds are established when the Ga adatoms are adsorbed on top positions, d ad agrees with d 23 in GaN bulk, meanwhile, the resulting interlayer distances d 12 , d 23 are very close to the respective distances in bulk. In general, our results are consistent with those of Ref. [16] . 3.2 O 2 adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface In our calculations for O 2 adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface, we choose eight typical adsorption models including sites of top, hcp, fcc, bridge, etc.: five for parallel orientation labeled as p1, p2, p3, p4, and p5 (see Fig. 2 a), and three for vertical orientation marked as v1, v2, and v3 (see Fig. 2 b). The coverage of oxygen atom is 0.5 ML on the surface. The results of O 2 adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface are shown in Table 2 . All parallel models are found to have similar energies and structure parameters. When O 2 is adsorbed on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface in parallel orientation, whichever initial site it is in, O O bond is broken, two free oxygen atoms move to two adjacent fcc sites, respectively (see Fig. 3 a). It is clear that the most favorable site for O atom adsorption on the polarity surface is fcc, that agrees with many previous studies [9,10] . The dissociated O atoms bond to surface Ga atoms, the bond-length of Ga O ranges from 1.97 to 2.08 Å, which is consistent with the Ga O bond-length (1.8–2.1 Å) in Ga 2 O 3 bulk [9] . The dissociated adsorption of oxygen on the surface induces a large relaxation of the surface Ga atoms, Ga1 and Ga2 are shifted upward by 0.16 Å vertically, and Ga3 and Ga4 are shifted downward by 0.17 Å (Ga1, Ga2, Ga3, Ga4 are introduced in Fig. 3 a). Contrast to dissociated adsorption in parallel style, O 2 adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) in vertical style belongs to weak chemisorption, and the surface structures of the substrates are changed slightly. Among all the adsorption models in vertical style, v2 gives the highest adsorption energy. In this model, the O O bond is elongated by 0.16 Å, the O atom near the surface bonds to three Ga atoms in the first layer with the Ga O bond-length ranging from 2.19 to 2.22 Å, which is close to the Ga O bond-length in Ga 2 O 3 bulk [9] . 3.3 O 2 adsorption on GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface For O 2 adsorption on GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface, we consider eleven adsorption models: six for parallel orientation marked as p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, and p6 (see Fig. 2 c), and five for vertical orientation labeled as v1, v2, v3, v4, and v5 (see Fig. 2 d). The coverage of oxygen atom is 0.5 ML on the surface. The results of O 2 adsorption on GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface are shown in Table 3 . Just as on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface, there are two types of adsorption for O 2 adsorption on GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) , one is simple chemsorption, the other is dissociated adsorption which gives much higher adsorption energy. O 2 is dissociated in all models of parallel direction and one of vertical direction (v5). In these cases, the dissociated O atoms are adsorbed either in two adjacent fcc sites or in two adjacent hcp sites on the surface (see Fig. 3 b and c) and the hcp site leads to a little higher adsorption energies than the fcc site. Whichever site O is adsorbed in, it bonds to adlayer Ga atoms, the Ga O bond-length is 1.95–2.03 Å, which is consistent with the Ga O bond-length (1.8–2.1 Å) in Ga 2 O 3 bulk [9] . For the cases of O 2 not dissociated, we find that there are significant and irregular atomic relaxations in the substrate, O O bond is stretched to 1.39–1.53 Å, which get a rough agreement with O O bond-length of 1.48 Å in peroxide. Meanwhile, O bond to the adlayer Ga atoms with the Ga O bond-length of 1.87–2.15 Å, which is still similar to the Ga O bond-length in Ga 2 O 3 bulk [9] . In addition, it is necessary to emphasize that for p3 model in parallel orientation, we obtain two completely different structures and energies, one belongs to simple chemisorption, the other dissociated adsorption. 3.4 Electronic structures of GaN surfaces and their O 2 adsorption systems In order to get a further knowledge of why these surfaces are so active to O 2 , the electronic structures of GaN surfaces and their adsorbed systems are studied. For the adsorbed systems, the dissociated adsorption structures of Fig. 3 a, b are considered. In Fig. 3 a, each adsorbed O atom bonds to three surface Ga atoms on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. Among the three Ga atoms, two of them are five-coordinated, and one is four-coordinated. Each five-coordinated Ga can give 3/5e to one of adsorbed O, and each four-coordinated Ga can give 3/4e, then the total electrons one O can get from Ga atoms are 1.95e. So it is believed that the valence orbital of O is nearly full. Table 4 shows the charge transfer before and after O 2 chemisorption. It is clear that surface Ga atoms lose electrons and adsorbed O gain electrons for both surfaces. Specially, the adsorbed O atoms on ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface gain more electrons than (0 0 0 1) surface. It is because that the Ga atoms are low coordinated (two or three-coordinated) in the adsorbed system of ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface, and can give more electrons than the Ga atoms on (0 0 0 1) surface. Fig. 4 shows the effect of chemisorbed oxygen on electronic structures of GaN surfaces. For clean GaN (0 0 0 1) surface (see Fig. 4 a), there is a dispersive surface state in the vicinity of E F , which makes the surface exhibit a metallic-like character. The main composition of the surface state is s and p z orbitals of surface Ga atoms, namely, the dangling-bonds cause the surface state. After O 2 adsorption on it (see Fig. 4 b), the surface state disappears, that agrees with the experimental [17] and theoretical [10] data. As discussed above, the valence orbital of O is nearly full, so it is shown that only a little of the state is above E F in Fig. 4 b. For ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface and its adsorbed system (see Fig. 4 c and d), the main composition of the largely dispersive surface state in the vicinity of E F is s, p x , and p y of surface Ga atoms. The change in the vicinity of E F before and after oxygen adsorption is not obvious for ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface, we think it is because that there are three dangling-bonds per Ga atom at the Ga-adlayer surface, 0.5 ML adsorbed O could not saturate the dangling-bonds of the surface. Hence, it may be predicted that increasing coverage of oxygen would saturate the dangling-bonds, thereby make the surface state disappear. However, it needs further research. 3.5 The potential curve of O 2 dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface In order to gain a deeper insight into the reaction process of O 2 dissociated adsorption on GaN surfaces, we take the dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface as an example, to study the reaction process in detail. Because all final optimized structures in parallel style are found to have nearly the same energy and structure parameters, we adopt a random initial structure—p5 to study the reaction of O 2 on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. First we put O 2 in a vertical height of 3.4 Å above the surface that can be regarded as infinitely distant. When optimizing every point, we give a vertical distance between the two O atoms and the surface, and other freedoms are not restricted. From the potential curve in Fig. 5 , it can be seen that there is not an obvious energy barrier for O 2 dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) in parallel style. We choose six indicative points including initial state, final state, and other four points (labeled as a–d in Fig. 5 ) to describe the reaction process. Before reaching state b, the total energy decreases rapidly. In state a, the O O bond-length is extended to 1.51 Å that is close to O O bond-length of 1.48 Å in peroxide, and two O atoms begin to bond to surface Ga atoms with the Ga O bond-length of 2.03–2.09 Å. State c is a little higher in energy than state b, there may be a minute potential barrier near this point. However, when O O is pushed to state d, which is 0.01 Å lower than state c vertically, the energy fall sharply by about 2.7 eV, meanwhile, the O O bond is suddenly broken, and O atoms are adsorbed in the adjacent fcc sites. State d is close to the final state both in energy and in configuration. After reaching the final state, the energy increases rapidly because the repulsion between adsorbed O atoms and the surface contributes to the increase of total energy. 4 Conclusion We have systematically calculated the adsorption of molecular oxygen on GaN (0 0 0 1) and ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surfaces employing DFT-GGA approach. Our calculations indicate that the two surfaces are very active to oxygen due to many dangling-bonds on them. O 2 prefers to be dissociated in parallel orientation, and the dissociated O atoms are combined in fcc site (on both surfaces) or in hcp site (only on GaN ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface). The lengths of the formed Ga O bonds agree with that in ideal Ga 2 O 3 bulk, that confirms the formation of Ga 2 O 3 at the two polar surfaces. Analysis of electronic structures shows that 0.5 ML chemisorbed O make the surface state of (0 0 0 1) surface disappear, but have not obvious effect on that of ( 0 0 0 1 ¯ ) surface. By calculating the reaction process of O 2 dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface in detail, we find that there is not an obvious energy barrier for this greatly exothermic reaction. Acknowledgements The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 29973006 and 20303002). References [1] H. Morkoc S. Strite G.B. Gao M.E. Lin B. Sverdlov M. Burns J. Appl. Phys. 76 1994 1363 [2] N.M. Johnson A.V. Nurmikko S.P. DenBaars Phys. Today 53 2000 31 [3] S.C. Jain M. Willander J. Narayan R. Van Overstraeten J. Appl. Phys. 87 2000 965 [4] V.M. Bermudez J. Appl. Phys. 80 1996 1190 [5] O. Janzen Ch. Hahn W. Monch Eur. Phys. J. B 9 1999 315 [6] K. Prabhakaran T.G. Andersson K. Nozawa Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 1996 3212 [7] S.D. Wolter B.P. Luther D.L. Waltemyer C. Onneby S.E. Mohney R.J. Molnar Appl. Phys. Lett. 70 1997 2156 [8] T. Tsuruoka M. Kawasaki S. Ushioda R. Franchy Y. Naoi T. Sugahara S. Sakai Y. Shintani Surf. Sci. 427–428 1999 257 [9] J. Elsner R. Gutierrez B. Hourahine R. Jones M. Haugk Th. Frauenheim Solid State Commun. 108 1998 953 [10] T.K. Zywietz J. Neugebauer M. Scheffler Appl. Phys. Lett. 74 1999 1695 [11] N.X. Lu J.Q. Li Y.J. Xu J. Mol. Struc. (TheoChem) 668 2004 51 [12] A.R. Smith R.M. Feenstra D.W. Greve M.S. Shin M. Skowronski J. Neugebauer J. Northrup J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 16 1998 2242 [13] A.R. Smith R.M. Feenstra D.W. Greve M.S. Shin M. Skowronski J. Neugebauer J.E. Northrup Surf. Sci. 423 1999 70 [14] A.R. Smith R.M. Feenstra D.G. Greve J. Neugebauer J.E. Northrup Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 1997 3934 [15] R.M. Feenstra J.E. Northrup Jorg Neugebauer MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res. 7 2002 3 [16] F.H. Wang K. Peter P. Johannes Phys. Rev. B 64 2001 035305 [17] C.I. Wu A. Kahn J. Appl. Phys. 86 1999",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Li Hu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong-Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Lin Hu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nai-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Physics Letters",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Vypffe5h": {
        "id": "Vypffe5h",
        "title": "Electrophilic reaction mechanism for alkyl monolayer formation initiated at isolated dangling bonds of the H-GaN (0001) surface: A periodic density functional theory study",
        "abstract": "The addition reactions of a few different terminal alkenes to the H-terminated GaN (0001) surface, which is initiated at a Ga dangling bond, have been studied using periodic density functional theory calculations. Detailed information on the reaction pathways of 5-amino-1-pentene with the H-GaN (0001) surface is provided, which indicates that the reaction consists of two steps: an initial adsorption of the terminal C=C to the surface Ga dangling bond, forming a metastable intermediate, and the subsequent abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the neighboring Ga-H site, generating a new Ga dangling bond. On the basis of the analysis of the spin and charge populations, in particular, the mechanism underlying the reactions of alkenes with the H-GaN (0001) surface is suggested to be an electrophilic addition reaction that is different from the radical addition mechanism for the similar reaction on Si surfaces. The variation trend of the barrier height of these reactions for different terminal alkenes can be predicted by VB correlation theory and correlated with the trend of the relative electron-withdrawing or -donating capacity of the β-carbon substituents. It is found that alkene with a moderate electron-donating substituent would be favorable for the electrophilic reaction on the H-GaN (0001) surface. © 2008 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Li Hu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Feng Wang",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry C",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "z6CiuKJn": {
        "id": "z6CiuKJn",
        "title": "Orbital Interaction of Epoxidation on the Same Curvature Bonds of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes",
        "abstract": "The epoxidation of different bonds with the same bond curvature in one nano-tube including armchair,zigzag and chiral tubes was studied. The calculated results showed that for the adducts with opened C–O–C configuration,the magnitude of the binding energies was related with their corresponding bonding characteristics in HOMO,and the larger binding energies were attributed to stronger orbital interaction between one O atom and the nanotube; whereas for the adducts with 3MR structures,the binding energies were related with the changes of C–C bond length and independent of the frontier orbital interaction before and after epoxidation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bond curvature",
            "Carbon nanotube",
            "Epoxidation",
            "Orbital interaction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guixiao Jia",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingang Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "E1560Hrk": {
        "id": "E1560Hrk",
        "title": "A quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics study on the hydrolysis mechanism of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1.",
        "abstract": "New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) has emerged as a major global threat to human health for its rapid rate of dissemination and ability to make pathogenic microbes resistant to almost all known β-lactam antibiotics. In addition, effective NDM-1 inhibitors have not been identified to date. In spite of the plethora of structural and kinetic data available, the accurate molecular characteristics of and details on the enzymatic reaction of NDM-1 hydrolyzing β-lactam antibiotics remain incompletely understood. In this study, a combined computational approach including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations was performed to characterize the catalytic mechanism of meropenem catalyzed by NDM-1. The quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics results indicate that the ionized D124 is beneficial to the cleavage of the C-N bond within the β-lactam ring. Meanwhile, it is energetically favorable to form an intermediate if no water molecule coordinates to Zn2. Moreover, according to the molecular dynamics results, the conserved residue K211 plays a pivotal role in substrate binding and catalysis, which is quite consistent with previous mutagenesis data. Our study provides detailed insights into the catalytic mechanism of NDM-1 hydrolyzing meropenem β-lactam antibiotics and offers clues for the discovery of new antibiotics against NDM-1 positive strains in clinical studies.",
        "keywords": [
            "QM/MM",
            "NDM-1",
            "MD",
            "Catalytic mechanism",
            "β-Lactam antibiotics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kongkai Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Junyan Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongjie Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangqian Kong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Heji Geng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingyue Zheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hualiang Jiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Luo",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of computer-aided molecular design",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "NbGi8SLw": {
        "id": "NbGi8SLw",
        "title": "First-principles Calculations of H20 Adsorption Reaction on the GaN(OOOl) Surface",
        "abstract": "The adsorption and decomposition of H20 on GaN(OOOl) surface have been explored employing density functional theory (DFT). Two distinct adsorption features of H2O on GaN(0001) corresponding to molecular adsorption and H-OH dissociative adsorption are revealed by our calculations. The activities of the surface reactions of H20 on GaN(OOOl) surface are investigated. For the stepwise processes of H20 decomposition into H2 in gas phase and adsorbed O atom (H20(g) H 20(chem)->-OH(chem) + H(chem)-> 2H(chem) + 0(chem)-> H 2(g) + O(chem)), the first and second steps are facile and can even occur at room temperature; while the last two have high barriers and thus are difficult to proceed, especially the fourth step is endothermic. In short, H20 adsorption and decomposition into H2 in gas phase and adsorbed O atom on GaN(OOOl) surface are exothermic by-43.98 kcal/mol.",
        "keywords": [
            "Adsorption",
            "DFT",
            "GaN(OOOl) surface",
            "H20",
            "Reaction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunli Hu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Jiegou Huaxue",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "ujSSCakX": {
        "id": "ujSSCakX",
        "title": "A DFT study of alkenes and alkynes Reacting with H-GaN (0001) surface",
        "abstract": "The addition reactions of alkenes and alkynes to the H-terminated GaN (0001) surface with a Ga dangling-bond have been studied employing periodic density functional theory (PDFT) calculations. Detailed information on the reaction pathways of these alkenes and alkynes with H-GaN (0001) surface is provided, which indicates that the reactions contain two steps separated by the metastable intermediates: elementary addition reaction and H-abstraction process. From the energy curves, the reactions are clearly viable in the cases of ethene, styrene and phenylacetylene; while for ethyne, the H-abstraction barrier is higher than the desorption barrier of the intermediate, so the adsorbed C 2H 2 in intermediate is more likely to be desorbed back into the gas phase than to form a stable adsorbed species. Furthermore, it is obvious that for either alkenes or alkynes, the systems substituted by phenyl have more stable intermediates because φ conjugation could improve their stabilities.",
        "keywords": [
            "Alkenes",
            "Alkynes",
            "DFT",
            "H-gan (0001) surface",
            "Reaction pathway"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunli Hu",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqian Li",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongfan Zhang",
                "org": "Fuzhou University(Fuzhou University),Fuzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Jiegou Huaxue",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "sUWtLsjr": {
        "id": "sUWtLsjr",
        "title": "Adsorption and decomposition of FCN on Si (100)-(2×1) surface: A density functional theory study",
        "abstract": "The adsorption and decomposition of FCN on Si (100)-(2×1) surface have been studied by using density functional theory with the cluster model. Si 9 H 12 dimer cluster is used to simulate the Si (100) surface. The present calculations show that FCN can be adsorbed without a barrier on the surface with linear (L1) or parallel (S1) model. L1 can further isomerize to S1 with a barrier of 13.2 kcal mol −1 . Unlike HNC, ClNC, INC and FCN absorbed on Si (100) with a linear structure, FNC is absorbed on the Si (100) surface with a bend structure. Both FCN and FNC end-on adsorbates are dissociated readily to F and CN species. Keywords Density functional theory Adsorption Decomposition FCN FNC Si (100) surface",
        "keywords": [
            "adsorption",
            "decomposition",
            "density functional theory",
            "fcn",
            "fnc",
            "si (100) surface",
            "density function theory"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jian Ming Hu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Fan Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Qian Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "BXt1mNcE": {
        "id": "BXt1mNcE",
        "title": "Theoretical study of O2 adsorption and reactivity on single-walled boron nitride nanotubes",
        "abstract": "We use DFT–GGA method to study O 2 adsorption and decomposition on perfect and defective (10, 0) BNNTs. The figure describes the dissociation processes of O 2 on the perfect and nitrogen vacancy tubes. Abstract The adsorption and reactivity of O 2 on perfect and defective (10, 0) boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are investigated employing the density-functional theory. Our results indicate that O 2 prefers to physically adsorb on perfect BNNT. The assumed dissociation of O 2 on the perfect BNNT is endothermic and difficult to realize with an energy barrier of 3.25 eV. The point defects such as vacancies and Stone-wales defect on the wall of BN nanotubes reduce the oxidation resistance of the tubes. Especially, O 2 is dissociated on nitrogen vacancy tube with a barrier of 0.84 eV. The electronic properties analysis indicates that chemisorbed O 2 can reduce the energy-gap of BN tubes. 1 Introduction In recent years, much research interest was focused on boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) [1–4] , an analogue compare to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in many respects. The investigations aiming to probe certain properties of BNNTs for potential application are becoming more and more important [5–8] . Some experimental studies reported that the BNNTs with well-crystallized structures maybe more chemical stable to oxygen than CNTs [9,10] . The high oxidation resistance in BNNTs, combined with its relative uniformity of electronic properties, may be the key advantage for the nanomaterial applications. However, BNNTs are not defect free absolutely and some common defects such as vacancies and Stone-wales defect were experimentally identified [11,12] . A more recent experimental research showed that the structural defects are critical to the oxidation resistance of BNNTs [13] . Therefore, the oxygen resistance related to BNNTs should be understood in terms of the tubes with and without defects. And a systematical theoretical work for the important subject is desired. Here, we study the adsorption and dissociation of O 2 on the perfect and defective (10, 0) BNNTs based on density-functional theory (DFT) and nudged elastic band (NEB) method. We also provide the effects of O 2 adsorption on the electronic properties of BNNTs. 2 Models and computational method Our simulations are performed using the local-orbital density-functional method implemented by DMol3 code [14] . All-electron calculations are used together with the double numerical plus (DNP) polarization basis set [15] and the Perdew–Wang scheme generalized gradient approximation [16] . The spin of the ground state of molecular oxygen and BN tubes (perfect and defects) are considered: the initial spin of O 2 + perfect/Stone-wales defect tubes and O 2 + single-vacancy defect tubes is set as 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, spin-unrestricted DFT is used to obtain all the results in this work. To reduce the calculation consumption, we use a hexagonal supercell of the size of 20 × 20 × 13.03 Å for BN nanotubes, with the length of c equal to triple the periodicity of BNNTs. The distance between two tubes is larger than 12 Å, which is enough to minimize the effect from adjacent tubes on the oxygen adsorption. Checking calculations show that the length of c is large enough for perfect and vacancy defects BN tubes, but not enough for Stone-wales (SW) defect BN tube. So, a larger supercell of the size of 20 × 20 × 21.713 Å, with the length of c equal to fivefold the periodicity of the tube is used for Stone-wales defect tubes. The Brillouin zone is sampled by 1 × 1 × 3 special k point using the Monkhorst–Pack scheme [17] . The adsorption energies are determined according to the expression E ads = E tube + adsorbate - ( E tube + E adsorbate ) . Here, E tube , E adsorbate and E tube+adsorbate is the energy of the optimized tubes, adsorbate and tube–adsorbate system, respectively. The minimum-energy paths are calculated in nudged elastic band (NEB) method [18] . 3 Results and discussion 3.1 Adsorption of O 2 on the perfect and defective (10, 0) BNNTs 3.1.1 Adsorption of O 2 on the perfect tube In our calculations for O 2 adsorption on the perfect tube, five possible initial configurations have been considered: including O 2 being parallel to the tube surface on the bridge and hollow sites (Z, A and H) and being perpendicular to the tube surface on the top-sites of B and N. The structural parameters and adsorption energies for all of these adsorption configurations are listed in Table 1 . The large O 2 -tube equilibrium distance (>3.0 Å) with the small adsorption energies illuminate that the interaction of O 2 with perfect BNNTs are very weak and belong to physisorption. The calculated adsorption energies of O 2 on the perfect BNNTs are obviously lower than those on CNTs [19] , being consisted with the experiment result of that BNNTs may be more chemical stable to oxygen than CNTs [8] . In addition, calculation results show that the triplet state is the ground state of these physisorbed O 2 , which agrees with a recent study of O 2 on the perfect (5, 5) BNNT [20] . 3.1.2 Adsorption of O 2 on the defective tubes Then we investigate the adsorption of O 2 on the defective BN tubes. We have studied three deferent defects in the (10, 0) BNNTs as part of our study, including single nitrogen atom vacancy (V N ), single boron atom vacancy (V B ) and Stone-wales (SW) defects. The optimized structures of these defective tubes ( Fig. 1 b–d) repeat the results of previous theoretical works [21,22] . For O 2 adsorption on vacancy tubes, two adsorption sites are examined: above atom B 1 and bond B 2 –B 3 on V N and above atom N 1 and bond N 2 –N 3 on V B , respectively. It is interesting that the V N and V B defects exhibit greatly different activities to O 2 . On V N defect tube, O 2 is dissociated at both sites, with one O atom bonding with B 1 and B 3 atoms and the other O atom bonding to B 2 atom ( Fig. 2 b). The bond-length of B–O bonds range from 1.32 to 1.39 Å, which is similar to the average O–B bond-length of 1.37 Å in triangular BO 3 groups [23] . The greatly high binding energy of 8.63 eV indicates that the BN nanotubes with V N defect are very active to O 2 . The Mulliken population analysis shows that the total charge transfer from the tube to O atoms is 0.71e. The electron configuration of O 2 is KK ( σ 2s ) 2 ( σ 2 s ∗ ) 2 ( σ 2p z ) 2 (π 2p x ) 2 (π 2p y ) 2 ( π 2 p x ∗ ) 1 ( π 2 p y ∗ ) 1 , and the transferred electron is filled in the half-filled anti-bonding orbital of O 2 , hence weaken the O–O bond and lead to O 2 dissociation. However, BN nanotubes with V B defect are still chemical inert with O 2 . O 2 is still physically adsorbed on them, though the adsorption energies of them are slightly higher than those on the perfect tubes. For O 2 adsorption on SW defect BNNT, five sites in parallel mode are considered, including B 1 –B 3 , N 2 –N 4 , B 1 –N 2 , B 1 –N 5 , N 2 –B 6 bonds. Among these models, O 2 adsorption on B 1 –B 3 gives the highest binding energy. In this case, the singlet state is the ground state for the chemisorbed O 2 . As shown in Fig. 2 d, O 2 chemisorbs on the tube with the B 1 –B 3 bond broken and the two involved B atoms bond with the same atom of O′ ( d BO ′ = 1.44 Å ) . The angle of B 1 –O′–B 3 , B 1 –O′–O and B 3 –O′–O is about 105°, 112°and 113°, respectively. It is clear that O′ atom adopts sp 3 hybridization: two unpaired-electrons form σ bonds with two B atoms and one electron-pair forms a covalent coordinate bond with the far O atom, resulting in spin pairing for the chemisorbed O 2 . The strong chemical interaction elongates the distance of O–O from 1.22 Å to 1.42 Å. In addition, the Mulliken population analysis shows that O 2 obtains 0.41e from the tube, most of which is allocated on the far O atom. While on other adsorption sites, O 2 only physically adsorbs with very low binding energies and maintains the triplet state. 3.2 The dissociation process of O 2 on the perfect and defective (10, 0) BNNTs In order to further compare the oxidation resistance of perfect and defective BNNTs, we extend our calculations to examine the minimum-energy paths (MEPs) of O 2 dissociation on the perfect and V N defect tubes in detail. 3.2.1 The dissociation process of O 2 on the perfect tube To study the dissociation process of O 2 on the perfect BNNT, we need to know the preferred adsorption structures for the two dissociated O atoms co-adsorption. Firstly, the energies of single O atom adsorption on different sites (B, N, A, Z and H) of the perfect BNNT are calculated and summarized in Table 2 . Our results indicate that single O atom can be chemisorbed on Z, A and B sites ( Fig. 3 a–c), but the adsorption energies of O atom adsorption on bridge-sites are much higher than that of on top-site. When we exploring two O atoms co-adsorption on the perfect BNNT, the possible adsorption sites in a BN hexagon are considered: including the sites of Z + Z′, Z + Z″, A + Z, A + A′, B + Z′, B + A and B + B′ as marked in Fig. 1 a. The adsorption energies of them are also listed in Table 2 . We can see that the case of Z + Z′ has the highest binding energy among them. In this structure ( Fig. 3 d), the B–N bonds of Z and Z′ are broken ( D B–N = 2.21 Å) and the distance of two O atoms is 2.69 Å. This geometry will be regarded as the final dissociation state (FS) of O 2 dissociation on perfect BNNT in later MEP calculation. As discussed in Section 3.1.1 , the comparatively stable geometry of O 2 physisorption on the perfect BNNT is at H site ( Fig. 2 a). So we put an O 2 in a vertical height of 4 Å above the tube on H site, which can be regarded as infinitely distant, and choose it as the initial state (IS). The MEP result of the dissociation process is shown in Fig. 4 a. There are two intermediate states (PS and MS) and two transition states (TS 1 and TS 2 ) before O 2 dissociation during the process. The physisorption state (PS) has similar binding energy and structure to Fig. 2 a. In MS, the distance of O 2 and tube is reduced to 1.77 Å, and the energy is a little lower than PS. It may be the chemisorption state of O 2 before it dissociation on the perfect tube. There is a barrier of 0.87 eV between PS and MS. From MS to FS, a higher barrier of 3.25 eV must be overcome. This indicates that the dissociation process of O 2 on perfect BNNT is very difficult in kinetics. Moreover, the positive energy (+0.21 eV) of FS means that the process is endothermal and difficult to realize in thermodynamics. These results confirm the experimental observation that BNNTs with perfect cylindrical structures have strong resistance to oxidation [11] . 3.2.2 The dissociation process of O 2 on the V N defect tube In our calculation of the dissociation process of O 2 on V N defect BNNT, the parallel structure of O 2 in a height of 4 Å above the defect-site is chosen as the initial state (IS), and the structure of Fig. 2 b is chosen as the final state (FS). The calculated dissociation process is shown in Fig. 4 b. There are a chemisorption state (CS) and a transition state (TS) before O 2 dissociation on the V N tube. In CS, one O atom bonds to B1 atom in defect-site with the B–O bond-length being 1.43 Å. There is a barrier of 0.84 eV from CS to FS, which is 2.41 eV less than that on perfect tube. From the potential curve in Fig. 5 b, it can be seen that the dissociation of O 2 on the V N defect BNNT is highly exothermic and easily realized. So, it is clear that the presence of V N defect reduces the oxidation resistance of BNNTs remarkably, which also accords with the experimental results [13] . 3.3 Electronic properties analysis Finally, we study the influence on the electronic properties of BNNTs by O 2 adsorption. The total and projected densities of states (TDOS and PDOS) of these clean tubes (perfect and defects) and of the O 2 chemisorbed V N and SW tubes are shown in Fig. 5 a–f. The calculated band-gap of the clean perfect (10, 0) BNNT is about 4.10 eV, which is very close to other DFT simulated 4.03 eV for the same tube [22] . With the forming of boron vacancy, two defect states are introduced into its gap region: the state caused by the N 2 –N 3 bond lies below E F and the other caused by the dangling-bond of N 1 atom locating at the position of 0.84 eV. It results in a narrow band-gap of about 0.84 eV for V B tube, consisting with the value of 0.78 eV in the previous calculations [24] . Like V B tube, V N defect also introduced two defect states in the vicinity of E F . The band-gap of the V N tube is about 0.95 eV. For the SW defect tube, no new state appears in the gap region. But its band-gap is still reduced to 3.65 eV. It is clear that the presence of defects reduces the energy-gap of BNNTs. When O 2 physically adsorbs on the perfect and defect BNNTs, the interaction of them being very weak, the electronic properties of these tubes are not changed obviously. However the chemisorbed O 2 on V N and SW tubes alter the electronic structures of the tubes dramaticaly. For O 2 dissociation on V N tube, two dissociated O atoms saturated the dangling-bonds of the B atoms in defect-site, make the defect states vanish. Meanwhile, the O atom bonding to single B atom causes a new impurity state at 0.20 eV, which leads to a smaller gap than the clean V N tube ( Fig. 5 e). For O 2 chemisorption on SW defect tube, a big peak introduced by the dangling-bond of the far side O atom appears at E F and the gap of the tube becomes 2.73 eV ( Fig. 5 d). In a word, the adsorption of O 2 further reduces the band-gap of BNNTs, thus improves the electrical conductance of the tubes. 4 Conclusions We have systematically calculated the adsorption and reactivity of O 2 on perfect and defective (10, 0) BNNTs employing DFT–GGA approach. Our results indicate that the interaction of O 2 with perfect tube belongs to weak physisorption. The assumed dissociation of O 2 on perfect BNNT is endothermic and very difficult to realize with an energy barrier of 3.25 eV by a MEP calculation. The point defects in BNNTs enhance the reactivity of tube to O 2 . Especially, on the nitrogen vacancy tube, O 2 is dissociated with a greatly high binding energy of 8.63 eV and a small activation-energy of 0.84 eV. The results confirm the experimental facts that the BNNTs with perfect cylindrical structures have strong resistance to oxidation and the structural defects are critical to the oxidation resistance of BNNTs. The electronic properties analysis indicates that the forming of defects and the adsorption of O 2 further reduce the energy-gap of BNNTs, thus improves the electrical conductance of the tubes. Acknowledgements The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 29973006 and 20303002). References [1] X. Blase A. Rubio S.G. Louie M.L. Cohen Europhys. Lett. 28 1994 335 [2] N.G. Chopra R.J. Luyken K. Cherry V.H. Crespi M.L. Cohen S.G. Louie A. Zettl Science 69 1995 966 [3] A. Loiseau F. Williaime N. Demoncy G. Hug H. Pascard Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 1996 4737 [4] W. Han Y. Bando K. Kurashima T. Sato Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 1998 3085 [5] O.R. Lourie C.R. Jones B.M. Bartlett P.C. Gibbons R.S. Ruoff W.E. Buhro Chem. Mater. 12 2000 1808 [6] D. Srivastava M. Menon K. Cho Phys. Rev. B 63 2001 195413 [7] C.C. Tang Y. Bando X.X. Ding S.R. Qi D. Golberg J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 2002 14550 [8] X.J. Wu J.L. Yang J.G. Hou Q.S. Zhu J. Chem. Phys. 124 2006 054706 [9] C.C. Tang Y. Bando Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 2003 659 [10] R. Ma D. Golberg Y. Bando T. Sasaki Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 362 2004 2161 [11] Y. Miyamoto A. Rubio S. Berber M. Yoon D. Tomanek Phys. Rev. B 59 2004 121413 [12] A. Zobelli C.P. Ewels A. Gloter G. Seifer O. Stephan S. Csillag C. Colliex Nano Lett. 6 2006 1955 [13] Y. Chen J. Zou S. Campbell G. Caer Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 2004 2430 [14] B.J. Delley Chem. Phys. 113 2003 7756 DMol3 is available from Accelrys [15] B.J. Delley Chem. Phys. 92 1990 508 [16] J.P. Perdew Y. Wang Phys. Rev. B 45 1992 13244 [17] H.J. Monkhorst J.D. Pack Phys. Rev. B 13 1976 5188 [18] G. Henkelman H. Josson J. Chem. Phys. 113 2000 9978 [19] A. Ricca C.W. Bauschlicher Phys. Rev. B 68 2003 035433 [20] J. Zhang K.P. Loh J.W. Zheng M.B. Sullivan P. Wu Phys. Rev. B 75 2007 245301 [21] S.H. Jhi Y.K. Kwon Phys. Rev. B 69 2004 245407 [22] T.M. Schmidt R.J. Baierle P. Piquini A. Fazzio Phys. Rev. B 67 2003 113407 [23] C.A. Coulson T.W. Dingle Acta Cryst. B24 1968 153 [24] S.K. Hong J. Phys. Chem. B 110 10 2006 4621",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Li Hu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gui-Xiao Jia",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong-Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Physics Letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "EuWIwfsV": {
        "id": "EuWIwfsV",
        "title": "First-principles calculations of N2O adsorption and decomposition on GaN (0001) surface",
        "abstract": "We use DFT-GGA method to study N 2 O adsorption and decomposition on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. The figure describes the structure of N 2 O decomposition on the surface. Abstract The adsorption and decomposition of N 2 O on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface has been explored employing density functional theory. Our calculations indicate the parallel adsorbed N 2 O prefers to be dissociated on the surface, and the dissociated O atom is combined at fcc site, the N–N piece is adsorbed on top site of the surface or desorbed from the surface. From the potential curve of the reaction process of N 2 O dissociation on the surface, an energy barrier of 0.11 eV is derived, which is smaller than that of many widely studied adsorbents for N 2 O decomposition. 1 Introduction The wide-bandgap GaN has attracted great interest due to its potential applications in optoelectronics and in high-speed and high-power devices [1,2] . The oxidation of GaN surfaces that is relevant to the surface passivation prior to device fabrication is still an important issue. Previous studies about the oxidation process of GaN surfaces have been performed with O 2 as the oxidant [3,4] . N 2 O is also frequently used as an oxidant, because it easily releases an oxygen atom on surfaces. Experimental studies have shown that N 2 O presents good passivation effect for many semiconductor surfaces, such as Si [5,6] and GaAs [7,8] . So, it is expected to be an oxidation agent for GaN surfaces. However, no relevant experimental and theoretical studies have been reported. In this work, we have computed N 2 O adsorption on various sites of GaN (0 0 0 1) surface by density functional theory (DFT) and the reaction process of N 2 O decomposition on the surface by nudged elastic band (NEB) method. Moreover, we also have analyzed the effects of N 2 O decomposition on the electronic properties of the surface. 2 Computation method and models Geometry optimizations are performed employing density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and the first principles pseudo-potential approach [9–11] . Perdew–Wang91 is chosen as exchange and correlation function and the spin-polarization effect is considered. The Ga 3d electrons are treated as valence electrons and with a plane-wave cutoff of 30 Ry. A 3 × 3 × 1 Monkhorst–Pack mesh is used to sample the Brillouin zone [12] . The calculations are performed with the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP) code. GaN (0 0 0 1) surface is modeled by (3 × 2) supercell with three double layers of slab and a 10 Å vacuum region, the bottom side of the slab is passivated by hydrogen (the H–N bond-length is fixed as the standard bond-length of 1.02 Å in ammonia molecule). Among these layers, the bottom three layers are fixed, others relaxed. 3 Results and discussion 3.1 Adsorption of N 2 O on GaN (0 0 0 1) Surface Gas phase N 2 O is linear, the calculated N–N and N–O distances, 1.14 and 1.20 Å, respectively, are in good agreement with the experimentally measured values (1.1273 and 1.1851 Å) [13] and the theoretical calculation using various methods [14] . In our studies of N 2 O adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface, ten typical adsorption models are calculated: four for parallel style ( Fig. 1 a) and six for vertical style, including adsorption by N-end and O-end ( Fig. 1 b). The optimized results of N 2 O adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface are shown in Table 1 . It is obvious that the parallel models are energetically preferred over the vertical models. Except in the top model, N 2 O is dissociated in most of parallel models that give the highest adsorption energies. For these dissociated cases, N 2 O is decomposed into adsorbed-O and N–N piece. The O atom is binding in fcc site with the bond-lengths of the formed Ga–O bonds being 2.03–2.04 Å. The structure is very close to that of O 2 dissociation adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface in our previous theoretical study [3] . In the hcp and bridge cases ( Fig. 2 a), the N–N piece bonds to one of surface Ga atom via one N atom, with the Ga–N bond-length being 2.25–2.28 Å. While in the fcc case ( Fig. 2 b), the distance between N–N and the surface is 3.99 Å, meaning that the formed N 2 is desorbed from the surface. For the top model ( Fig. 2 c), N 2 O is not dissociated, two N atoms are placed in top positions with the Ga–N bond-length being 2.00 Å. The variation of the hybridization of N atoms leads to a great variation of the structure of N 2 O: the N–N and N–O bonds are greatly weakened and elongated (L N–N = 1.29 Å, L O–N = 1.27 Å), the molecule is not linear any longer (∠ O–N–N = 123°). For the vertical models, N 2 O adsorption by N-end is more stable than by O-end. This is in agreement with the general behavior found for some widely studied adsorbents such as Rh (1 1 1) surface [15] . It is interesting that the fcc model by N-end has the similar adsorption energy and structure parameters to the top model in parallel style. In this model ( Fig. 2 d), the terminal N is located in the bridge site and bonds to two Ga atoms with Ga–N bond-length 2.02 Å. For other two cases of N-end ( Fig. 2 e), N 2 O is adsorbed on the top site via the terminal N in a straight configuration. They belong to weak chemsorption. The adsorption by O-end is very weak and is considered as physisorption ( Fig. 2 f). 3.2 Electronic properties analysis In order to get a deep insight of N 2 O dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface, the electronic properties of clean surface and dissociated adsorption system are studied. For the latter, the N 2 -desorbed structure of Fig. 2 b is considered. Fig. 3 shows the total and projected DOS of GaN (0 0 0 1) surface before and after N 2 O dissociated adsorption. For clean GaN (0 0 0 1) surface ( Fig. 3 a), there is a dispersive surface state in the vicinity of E F that makes the surface exhibit a metallic-like character. The main composition of the surface state is s and p z orbitals of surface Ga atoms, namely, the dangling bonds cause the surface state. After N 2 O dissociated adsorption on the surface, the total density of states in the vicinity of E F is weakened ( Fig. 3 b). In Fig. 2 b, the surface atoms binding to O are marked as Ga2, Ga3 and Ga6, and the rest are labeled as Ga4, Ga5 and Ga7. The projected DOS of the dissociated adsorption system indicates that the p z surface state of Ga2, Ga3 and Ga6 disappears, while that of Ga4, Ga5 and Ga7 is still in situ. It may be predicted that increasing coverage of O would saturate the dangling-bonds of Ga4, Ga5 and Ga7, thereby make the surface state disappear. The p z surface state of Ga2, Ga3 and Ga6 is shifted down and up in energy: at the position of about −4 eV, the state binds with P x and P y of O, namely, bonding state; while the state higher than E F is anti-bonding state. Additionally, the P x and P y state of surface Ga atoms remains nearly unaffected, indicating its non-bonding character. In the structure of Fig. 2 b, the adsorbed O bonds to three surface Ga atoms on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. In principle, each four-coordinated Ga atom can give 3/4e to O, and the total electrons the adsorbed O can get from Ga atoms are 2.25e, so it is believed that the valence orbital of O is full. It is obvious that the valence orbital of O is located at the position of −3 eV in Fig. 3 b. Table 2 shows the Mulliken charge of the involved atoms before and after N 2 O dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. It is clear that Ga2, Ga3 and Ga6 lose electrons and the adsorbed O as well as desorbed N–N gains electrons. In a word, N 2 O behaves as an electron scavenger on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface. 3.3 Reactivity of N 2 O dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface In order to better understand the reaction process of N 2 O dissociation adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface of Fig. 2 b, we use the popular nudged elastic band (NEB) method to study the reaction process in detail. A structure of N 2 O in a vertical height of 3.5 Å above the surface is chosen as the initial state-Reactant. Product is the N 2 -desorbed structure of Fig. 2 b. The results of the reaction process are shown in Table 3 , Figs. 4 and 5 . There is one physisorption state (PS), one transition state (TS) and one dissociated state (DS) whose energy is lower than Product in the reaction process. We also choose additional two indicative points (labeled as a, b) to describe the reaction process. Before reaching PS, energy decreases slowly with a decreasing of D O-sur and the structure of molecule does not suffer any change. From PS to state a, a very low energy barrier of 0.11 eV is derived. It is smaller than that of many widely studied adsorbents for N 2 O decomposition, such as Si (1 0 0) (0.12 eV) [16] , Rh (1 1 1) (0.34 eV) [15] , defective TiO 2 (1 1 0) (0.30 eV) [17] , Pt (1 1 1) (0.32 eV) and Pt (2 1 1) (0.44 eV) [18] . The very low energy barrier in the reaction process make it clear that N 2 O is also a good oxidation agent for GaN (0 0 0 1) surface as O 2 whose dissociation process on the surface has not obvious barrier [3] . TS is similar to Reactant in structure geometry except the tilt angle of the molecule to the surface. However, the energy falls sharply by 3.84 eV from state a to b, meanwhile, the O–N bond is suddenly broken, O atom is adsorbed in the fcc site and N–N bond-length becomes 1.10 Å. After reaching state b, D O-sur and N–N bond-length remain nearly constant, while D O–N follows an increasing trend. DS is similar to Product in configuration, but is lower than Product in energy due to its closer distance between N 2 and the surface. 4 Conclusion We have systematically calculated the adsorption of N 2 O on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface employing DFT-GGA approach. The results indicate that the parallel adsorbed N 2 O prefers to be dissociated on the surface, and the dissociated O atom is combined at fcc site, the N–N piece is adsorbed on top site of the surface or desorbed from the surface. For the vertical models, N 2 O is not dissociated, N-end adsorption is more stable than O-end. Electronic properties analysis for clean (0 0 0 1) surface and N 2 O dissociated system shows that N 2 O behaves as an electron scavenger on the surface. By calculating the reaction process of N 2 O dissociated adsorption on GaN (0 0 0 1) surface in detail, an energy barrier of 0.11 eV is derived for this greatly exothermic reaction, which is smaller than that of many widely studied adsorbents for N 2 O decomposition. Acknowledgement The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 29973006 and 20303002). References [1] N.M. Johnson A.V. Nurmikko S.P. DenBaars Phys. Today 53 2000 31 [2] S.C. Jain M. Willander J. Narayan R. Van Overstraeten J. Appl. Phys. 87 2000 965 [3] Chun-Li Hu Jun-Qian Li Yong-Fan Zhang Xiao-Lin Hu Nai-Xia Lu Yong Chen Chem. Phys. Lett. 424 2006 273 [4] O. Janzen Ch. Hahn W. Monch Eur. Phys. J. B 9 1999 315 [5] Hiroyuki Kato Kyoichi Sawabe Yoshiyasu Matsumoto Surf. Sci. 351 1996 43 [6] T. Kubo T. Ema A. Atli T. Aruga N. Takagi M. Nishijima Surf. Sci. 382 1997 214 [7] K.A. Bertness T.T. Chiang C.E. McCants P.H. Mahowald A.K. Wahi T. Kendelewicz I. Lindau W.E. Spicer Surf. Sci. 185 1987 544 [8] J.M. Seo Y.Z. Li Steven G. Anderson D.J.W. Aastuen U.S. Ayyala G.H. Kroll J.H. Weaver Phys. Rev. B 42 1990 9080 [9] M.C. Payne M.P. Teter D.C. Allan T.A. Arias J.D. Joannopoulos Rev. Mod. Phys. 64 1992 1045 [10] J.P. Perdew P. Ziesche H. Eschrig Electronic Structure in Solids ‘91 1991 Akademie Verlag Berlin [11] J.P. Perdew J.A. Chevary S.H. Vosko K.A. Jackson M.R. Pederson D.J. Singh C. Fiolhais Phys. Rev. B 46 1992 6671 [12] H.J. Monkhorst J.D. Pack Phys. Rev. B 13 1976 5188 [13] J.L. Teffo A.J. Chendin Mol. Spectrosc. 138 1989 134 [14] Feng Wang Richard D. Harcourt J. Phys. Chem. A 104 2000 1304 [15] Jean-Francüois Paul Javier Perez-Ramirez Francisco Ample Josep M. Ricart J. Phys. Chem. B 108 2004 17921 [16] Kenji Imamura Hiroaki Tokiwa Chem. Phys. Lett. 436 2007 263 [17] J. Oviedo J.F. Sanz J. Phys. Chem. B 109 2005 16223 [18] R. Burch S.T. Daniells J.P. Breen P. Hu J. Catal. 224 2004 252",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Li Hu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Qian Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong-Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Physics Letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "BruvV14l": {
        "id": "BruvV14l",
        "title": "Advances in studies on multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology in traditional Chinese medicine",
        "abstract": "Multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology, integrating solvent extraction, repercolation with dynamic and countercurrent extraction, is a novel extraction technology for the traditional Chinese medicine. This solvent-saving, energy-saving and high-extraction-efficiency technology can at the most drive active compounds to diffuse from the herbal materials into the solvent stage by stage by creating concentration differences between the herbal materials and the solvents. This paper reviewed the basic principle, the influence factors and the research progress and trends of the equipments and the application of the multi-stage countercurrent extraction.",
        "keywords": [
            "Extraction technology",
            "Multi-stage countercurrent extraction",
            "Traditional Chinese medicine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Peng Xie",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Song Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Cai",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Bin Qu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Yu Cheng",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "eucctzd0": {
        "id": "eucctzd0",
        "title": "GC-MS of volatile components of Schisandra chinensis obtained by supercritical fluid and conventional extraction.",
        "abstract": "In this paper, the volatile compounds of Schisandra chinensis obtained by different extraction techniques including supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), steam distillation (SD), Soxhlet extraction (SE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were investigated for the first time. The sample preparation procedure for GC-MS analysis of the volatile compounds was optimized and then 37, 45, 27 and 37 compounds were identified in the samples obtained by SFE, SD, SE and UAE methods, respectively. As the therapeutic effect of the traditional Chinese medicine is usually based on multifarious essential components or the combination of them instead of only one component, the volatile compounds were compared in groups with the extracts by SE, SD and UAE. This would be more reasonable to evaluate the effects of an alternative technique to extracting multifarious essential components. Among the identified components in the SFE extract, 32 compounds were the same as that by three conventional methods, accounting for 90.5% of the volatile compounds identified. However, as the volatile compounds were classed into groups, it was easy to see that the Schisandra chinensis oil extracted by SFE was made up largely of aromatics and sesquiterpenoids (52.1 and 27.6%, respectively), with less amounts of monoterpenoids and other compounds, distinguishing SFE from the conventional extractions.",
        "keywords": [
            "schisandra chinensis",
            "supercritical fluid extraction",
            "gc-ms",
            "volatile component",
            "traditional chinese medicine",
            "supercritical fluid",
            "gc ms"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yangsheng Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanting Song",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of separation science",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "sbFKnEgK": {
        "id": "sbFKnEgK",
        "title": "The ion-exchange kinetics of SAM + /H + system with JK110 resin",
        "abstract": "S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is an important small molecule with many medical interests. The ion-exchange kinetics of SAM+/H+ system with JK110 resin has been studied in this work. The results showed that intra-particle diffusion was the rate limiting\n step in the ion-exchange process. A suitable model of particle diffusion has been proposed to describe the effects of pH,\n temperature and SAM concentration in the solution on the ion-exchange rate. By simulating experimental data with model equation,\n some parameters such as diffusion constant B, internal diffusion coefficient Di and activation energy Ea are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "kinetics",
            "rate limiting",
            "diffusion coefficient",
            "ion exchange",
            "diffusion model",
            "activation energy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhinan xu",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenhe shen",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jianping lin",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "peilin cen",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "nMVUo88Q": {
        "id": "nMVUo88Q",
        "title": "Mathematical modeling for thin layer vacuum belt drying of Panax notoginseng extract",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "effective moisture diffusivity",
            "mathematical model",
            "panax notoginseng extract",
            "vacuum belt drying",
            "mathematical models",
            "drying"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhifang Qiu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyu Cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Qu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy Conversion and Management",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "OcmdD6W6": {
        "id": "OcmdD6W6",
        "title": "Characterization of physalins and fingerprint analysis for the quality evaluation of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii by ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.",
        "abstract": "Physalins are important bioactive compounds from genus Physalis. They often occur as isomers, which makes the structural elucidation difficult. In the present study, the fragmentation behavior and UV characteristics of seven physalins from genus Physalis were firstly investigated using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) and diode array detection (DAD). Combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and DAD, the established approach to the structural identification of physalins by ESI-MS/MS was then applied to the analysis of Physalis alkekengi L. According to the UPLC retention behavior, the diagnostic UV spectra and the molecular structural information provided by MS/MS spectra, about 19 fingerprint peaks were identified, including 14 physalins and 5 other compounds. Finally, the established fingerprint method was applied to the analysis of 31 P. alkekengi L. samples collected from different locations, which reflected their similar chemical constituent properties. The proposed method provides a scientific and technical platform to the herbal industry for quality control and safety assurance of herbal preparations that contain this class of physalins.",
        "keywords": [
            "fingerprint",
            "esi-ms/ms",
            "quality control",
            "physalins",
            "physalis alkekengi l.",
            "uplc"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yunliang Zheng",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianjun Luan",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "Xgl1ogwv": {
        "id": "Xgl1ogwv",
        "title": "Fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of ostrich fat extracted by supercritical fluid extraction",
        "abstract": "The objective of this study was to determine the fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of ostrich fat obtained by supercritical fluid extraction. The fatty acid composition was analysed by GC-MS and the result revealed that ostrich fat contained 9-octadecenoic acid (40.7±0.3%), hexadecanoic acid (32.5±0.3%), octadecanoic acid (7.43±0.05%), 9, 12-octadecadience acid (7.38±0.02%) and 9-hexadecenoic acid (7.13±0.15%) as the major components. Furthermore, seven physicochemical indexes were assessed according to Chinese Pharmacopeia (2005) and relevant regulations as follows: relative density (0.92±0.02%), melting point (34.7±0.4°C), acid value (0.84±0.02mg KOH/g), peroxide value (0.10±0.01g/100g), saponification value (226±3mg KOH/g), ester value (225±3mg KOH/g) and iodine value (74.6±0.8g I/100g). It can be inferred from the basic information that ostrich fat is a promising raw material for the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Practical applications: With the increasing attention being paid to ostrich fat, it is necessary to elucidate the fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of this natural product. This basic information not only reveals the essential characteristics of ostrich fat, but also provides the data support for the quality evaluation and efficacy research. © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.",
        "keywords": [
            "Composition",
            "Fatty acid",
            "Ostrich fat",
            "Physicochemical properties",
            "SFE"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Ul8SXt8f": {
        "id": "Ul8SXt8f",
        "title": "Research on technological process of two-pot countercurrent extraction of hydroxysafflor yellow A",
        "abstract": "Objective: To study the optimum technical conditions of extracting Hydroxysafflor yellow A ( HSYA) from Carthmus tinctorius by multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology. Method: The effects of extraction time of each stage, extraction temperature, ethanol concentration and solid-liquid ratio (g • mL-1 ) on extraction yield of HSYA were studied by orthogonal test design and the comparison of other extraction methods were presented. Result: Extraction time and solid-liquid ratio had significant influence on the extraction yield, and the optimum parameters were as follows: Extraction time of each stage was 120 min, solid-liquid ratio was 1:10 (g • mL-1), ethanol concentration was 30% , and extracted at room temperature. Under the optimum conditions, the extraction yield of HSYA was 1.56% and the purity of the extract was 6.06%. Compared with the traditional extraction method and the ultrasonic extraction method of the pharmacopoeia, the extraction yield was increased by 6.12% and 9.09% , the purity of extract was increased by 42.9% and 27.0% , respectively. Conclusion: The multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology has many advantages such as simple operation, less solvent consumption, higher extraction yield and purity of extract and it has wide industrial application prospect.",
        "keywords": [
            "Carthmus tinctorius",
            "Hydroxysafllor yellow A",
            "Multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology",
            "Traditional method",
            "Ultrasonic extraction method"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yerui Li",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueying Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ChangHai Sun",
                "org": "Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.(Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical. Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenjie Yan",
                "org": "Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.(Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical. Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "XkJwBjhz": {
        "id": "XkJwBjhz",
        "title": "Monitoring of antisolvent crystallization of sodium scutellarein by combined FBRM-PVM-NIR.",
        "abstract": "Antisolvent crystallization can be used as an alternative to cooling or evaporation for the separation and purification of solid product in the pharmaceutical industry. To improve the process understanding of antisolvent crystallization, the use of in-line tools is vital. In this study, the process analytical technology (PAT) tools including focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM), particle video microscope (PVM), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were utilized to monitor antisolvent crystallization of sodium scutellarein. FBRM was used to monitor chord count and chord length distribution of sodium scutellarein particles in the crystallizer, and PVM, as an in-line video camera, provided pictures imaging particle shape and dimension. In addition, a quantitative model of PLS was established by in-line NIRS to detect the concentration of sodium scutellarein in the solvent and good calibration statistics were obtained (r(2) = 0.976) with the residual predictive deviation value of 11.3. The discussion over sensitivities, strengths, and weaknesses of the PAT tools may be helpful in selection of suitable PAT techniques. These in-line techniques eliminate the need for sample preparation and offer a time-saving approach to understand and monitor antisolvent crystallization process.",
        "keywords": [
            "particle video microscope",
            "focused beam reflectance measurement",
            "near-infrared spectroscopy",
            "processing",
            "sodium scutellarein",
            "image analysis",
            "process analytical technology",
            "particle sizing",
            "partial least squares",
            "crystallization",
            "near infrared spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Di Sun",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pharmaceutical sciences",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Kc88J0Vk": {
        "id": "Kc88J0Vk",
        "title": "Pilot-Scale Multi-Stage Countercurrent Extraction of Scutellarein from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "erigeron breviscapus",
            "herbal medicine",
            "multi-stage countercurrent extraction",
            "pilot scale",
            "scutellarein",
            "traditional chinese medicine",
            "design method",
            "orthogonal array",
            "operant conditioning"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhipeng Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Separation Science and Technology",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "TBtTHWYH": {
        "id": "TBtTHWYH",
        "title": "Determination of teicoplanin A2's partition coefficient in different liquid-liquid extraction systems",
        "abstract": "Teicoplanin is one of the macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics, which is active against Gram-positive bacteria, and has attracted a lot of attention in the field of chiral separation recently. In this work, the partition coefficients and extraction ratio of teicoplanin in three different solvent systems were studied: conventional extraction, reactive extraction and reverse micelle extraction. With conventional solvent extraction, n-butanol demonstrated high partition coefficient for teicoplanin, but low extraction ratio because of its high solubility in water. Reactive extraction of teicoplanin showed the highest partition coefficient with almost 100% recovery in organic phase when tri-n-octylmethyl ammonium chloride (TOMAC) was used as extractant and pH value was above 5.0. A reverse micelle system, consisted of isooctane +10 mmol·L -1 TOMAC +1% n-octanol, also offered high separation factor for teicoplanin. The results are beneficial for the design of teicoplanin separation and purification process.",
        "keywords": [
            "Conventional extraction",
            "Partition coefficients",
            "Reverse micelle extraction",
            "Teicoplanin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Mat Hanapi",
                "org": "Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(Universiti Teknologi Malaysia),Skudai,Malaysia"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhinan Xu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZhiHua Jin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peilin Cen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "GjtTL23d": {
        "id": "GjtTL23d",
        "title": "An ultra-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of three physalins in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii (Chinese lantern) in rats.",
        "abstract": "An ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the quantification of three major ingredients in Chinese lantern preparations (CLP) in rat plasma. Following extraction by ethyl acetate, the analytes were separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP C(18) column using a gradient mobile phase system of acetonitrile-water. Electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem interface was employed prior to mass spectrometric detection. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 5.0-500.0 ng/ml for physalin D, 2.3-230.0 ng/ml for physalin G and 0.71-71.0 ng/ml for 4,7-didehydroneophysalin B. The average extraction recoveries, examined at four concentration levels, carried from 57.1% to 76.9%, and the accuracies ranged from 94.0% to 113.3% with precision (RSD) <15%. The validated method was successfully applied to the determination of the three physalins in rat plasma after intragastric administration of CLP suspension.",
        "keywords": [
            "pharmacokinetic",
            "uplc-ms/ms",
            "physalins",
            "quantitative analysis",
            "physalis alkekengi"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yunliang Zheng",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianjun Luan",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "9a4CF1PH": {
        "id": "9a4CF1PH",
        "title": "In-line monitoring of extraction process of scutellarein from Erigeron breviscapus (vant.) Hand-Mazz based on qualitative and quantitative uses of near-infrared spectroscopy.",
        "abstract": "The application of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for in-line monitoring of extraction process of scutellarein from Erigeron breviscapus (vant.) Hand-Mazz was investigated. For NIR measurements, two fiber optic probes designed to transmit NIR radiation through a 2 mm pathlength flow cell were utilized to collect spectra in real-time. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used as a reference method to determine scutellarein in extract solution. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) calibration model of Savitzky-Golay smoothing NIR spectra in the 5450-10,000 cm(-1) region gave satisfactory predictive results for scutellarein. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of calibration and cross validation were 0.9967 and 0.9811, respectively, and the root mean square error of calibration and cross validation were 0.044 and 0.105, respectively. Furthermore, both the moving block standard deviation (MBSD) method and conformity test were used to identify the end point of extraction process, providing real-time data and instant feedback about the extraction course. The results obtained in this study indicated that the NIR spectroscopy technique provides an efficient and environmentally friendly approach for fast determination of scutellarein and end point control of extraction process.",
        "keywords": [
            "plsr",
            "near infrared spectroscopy",
            "scutellarein",
            "erigeron breviscapus",
            "mbsd",
            "extraction",
            "partial least square regression",
            "fiber optic",
            "standard deviation",
            "near infrared",
            "real time data",
            "cross validation",
            "real time",
            "nir spectroscopy",
            "high performance liquid chromatography",
            "conformance testing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Jin",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiying Ding",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianjun Luan",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "3RpdSaji": {
        "id": "3RpdSaji",
        "title": "Rapid and quantitative determination of multiple quality indicators (indole alkaloids, etc.) in concentration process of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor extract using fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of near infrared spectroscopy in rapid and quantitative determination of multiple quality indicators in concentration process of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor extract. METHODS: NIR transmission spectra of concentrated solutions were collected in rectangular quartz cuvette with different optical pathlengths (2 and 5 mm). Calibration models of density, water content and indole alkaloids were developed by partial least squares regression (PLSR). The established models were applied to predict the unknown samples to test the performance of the models. RESULTS: The correlation coefficients of the density, water content and indole alka. The residual predictive deviations (RPD) were all above 3, and the relative standard errors of predictions(RSEP) were less than 10%, indicating the satisfactory model performance and predictive ability. Moreover, better calibration results were obtained with an optical path length of 2 mm for density and water content, and 5 mm for indole alkaloids. The results revealed that the optical path length has influence on the NIR analysis results, and the appropriate path length for the NIR analysis should be determined by comparison analysis. CONCLUSION: NIR spectroscopy technique provides a novel efficient and environmental friendly approach for the fast simultaneous determination of three key quality indicators (density, water content and indole alkaloids) in the concentration process of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor extract. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor",
            "Concentration process",
            "Density",
            "Indole alkaloids",
            "Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)",
            "Water content"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ye Jin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Yong-jiang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xue-song",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "M5CiH2i0": {
        "id": "M5CiH2i0",
        "title": "Kinetic modeling for chromatographic separation of cytosine monophosphate and uracil monophosphate",
        "abstract": "Kinetic modeling for preparative chromatography is a topic of present interest in the fine chemicals and pharmaceutical industries.\n In this study, chromatographic separation of the two nucleotides CMP and UMP was simulated by the equilibrium-dispersive (ED)\n model, and the adsorption isotherms in the ED model were determined by the inverse method. Prediction performance of the model\n was validated under three different kinds of conditions and the importance of selecting isotherms was discussed in detail.\n Excellent agreement was achieved with the experimental band profiles and the prediction of the ED model. The ED model with\n bi-Langmuir isotherm was especially suitable for simulating chromatographic separation of CMP and UMP. The error of prediction\n by the ED model with bi-Langmuir isotherm was about 9.4 times smaller than that with Langmuir isotherm.",
        "keywords": [
            "Adsorption isotherms",
            "Chromatographic separation",
            "CMP and UMP",
            "Equilibrium-dispersive model",
            "Kinetic modeling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dai Weixing",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liu Xuesong",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Yiyu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qu Haibin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "UC2vgjuI": {
        "id": "UC2vgjuI",
        "title": "Solubility of Baicalin in Methanol, Ethanol, and Ethyl Acetate from (298.2 to 328.2) K",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xue-Song Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang-Shen Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian-Sheng Qiu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Long-Hu Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "q3VZZdpe": {
        "id": "q3VZZdpe",
        "title": "Ion-exchange properties of mildiomycin on HZ110™ resin",
        "abstract": "Mildiomycin (MIL) is a novel nucleoside agro-antibiotic which shows a specific and strong inhibitory activity against fungi,\n especially, powdery mildews. Because of its low action dosage, excellent environmental compatibility and remarkably low toxicity\n to human and animals, MIL is regarded as a kind of green biological pesticides. In this paper, the recovery and purification\n of MIL from fermentation broth were investigated by ion-exchange separation technique. The ion-exchange properties of MIL\n on HZ110™ resin, including ion-exchange equilibrium and dynamics in column process, were discussed. Results showed that the\n equilibrium exchange capacity of MIL was 26.5 mg per gram of wet resin at optimal pH value of pH 7.0. Ion-exchange isotherms\n of MIL can be well correlated with Freundlich equation. The ion-exchange capacity increased with raising the temperature.\n In the dynamic column process, breakthrough capacity was 29.3 mg per gram of wet resin. According to the ratio of desorption\n and eluent concentration of MIL, 2% ammonia aqueous solution was chosen as the eluent. And the total recovery ratio of MIL\n in ion-exchange process was up to 94.5%, and the enriched factor was about 8.",
        "keywords": [
            "dynamic column process",
            "freundlich equation",
            "ion-exchange",
            "mildiomycin",
            "aqueous solution",
            "ion exchange capacity",
            "ion exchange"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, Department of Chinese Medicine Science & Engineering Hangzhou 310027 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Qu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, Department of Chinese Medicine Science & Engineering Hangzhou 310027 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhinan Xu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, Department of Chinese Medicine Science & Engineering Hangzhou 310027 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyu Cheng",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, Department of Chinese Medicine Science & Engineering Hangzhou 310027 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "mJNJqkiR": {
        "id": "mJNJqkiR",
        "title": "Study on process parameters in multi-stage countercurrent extraction by multi-index optimization method",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To establish the optimization method of process parameters in multi-stage countercurrent extraction by the multiindex optimization and regression omalysis. METHODS: The extraction yields of notoginsenoside R 1, ginsenoside Rg1, panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) and extractives were considered as the optimization index. Orthogonal design method was used to optimize the process parameters, including contents of alcohol, solvent volume, extraction time and temperature. The models were established according to the index and the parameters by regression analysis, and the optimal process parameters were obtained by variance analysis. Also the multi-stage countercurrent extraction was compared with other extraction methods. RESULTS: The optimal process conditions of multi-stage countercurrent extraction of notoginseng consisted of 70% alcohol, the solvent/sample ratio of 8 mL·g-1, 30 min and 50 °C. Compared with the other processes, the multi-stage countercurrent extraction was processed at lower temperature, with 50%-70% less solvent consumption, and more herb was extracted in unit time. CONCLUSION: The multi-index optimization method of multi-stage countercurrent extraction is established and successfully applied in the extraction of saponins from notoginseng.",
        "keywords": [
            "Multi-index optimization",
            "Multi-stage countercurrent extraction (MCCE)",
            "Orthogonal test",
            "Panax notoginseng saponins",
            "Regression analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Cai",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xue-song",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QU Hai-bin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHENG Yi-yu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "AxyETPpp": {
        "id": "AxyETPpp",
        "title": "A novel and efficient method combining SFE and liquid–liquid extraction for separation of coumarins from Angelica dahurica",
        "abstract": "Nowadays supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as an alternative is popular in food and pharmaceutical industries but its large scale application is often restricted economically by the confliction between recovery efficiency and selectivity. In this article, a simple but novel and efficient combined method was investigated for separating coumarins from Angelica dahurica . The experimental results showed that combining SFE and liquid–liquid extraction could improve both extraction selectivity and separation efficiency, enriching easily coumarins from 0.144% in the herb to as much as 41.68% in the concentrate.",
        "keywords": [
            "sfe",
            "lle",
            "coumarins",
            "supercritical fluid extraction",
            "angelica dahurica"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Long-Hu Wang",
                "org": "Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Hong Mei",
                "org": "Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Wang",
                "org": "Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Song Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Separation and Purification Technology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "b1gfmJmV": {
        "id": "b1gfmJmV",
        "title": "Characterization of fatty oil of Zizyphi spinosi semen obtained by supercritical fluid extraction",
        "abstract": "Zizyphi spinosi semen (ZSS) has been widely used for treatment of insomnia in oriental countries. The aim of this study is to characterize the\n fatty oil of ZSS obtained by supercritical fluid extraction in terms of chemical composition and physicochemical properties.\n The chemical composition, including fatty acids and unsaponifiable constituents, was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer\n (GC–MS). The results revealed that 9-octadecenoic acid (43.38 ± 0.03%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (40.58 ± 0.03%) were\n the main fatty acids, and β-sitosterol (37.39 ± 0.02%) and squalene (30.79 ± 0.01%) were the key unsaponifiables. Furthermore,\n four indexes were assayed according to Chinese Pharmacopeia (2005) to reflect the physicochemical properties of ZSS oil, their\n values being determined as follows: acid value (10.3 ± 0.1 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (0.05 ± 0.01 g/100 g), saponification\n value (194.4 ± 0.5 mg KOH/g) and iodine value (109.7 ± 0.8 g I/100 g). The basic information obtained provides data support\n for quality evaluation and efficacy research of ZSS oil, and suggests its prospects for development in pharmaceutical and\n food industries.",
        "keywords": [
            "chemical composition",
            "fatty oil",
            "gc-ms",
            "physicochemical properties",
            "supercritical fluid extraction",
            "zizyphi spinosi semen",
            "fatty acid",
            "mass spectrometer",
            "food industry",
            "indexation",
            "iodine value"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng WangXuesong",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "JAOCS, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "2JLS0iut": {
        "id": "2JLS0iut",
        "title": "Study on fast quality control in extracting process of Paeonia lactiflora using near infrared spectroscopy",
        "abstract": "Objective: To set up a novel method for fast analysis of active components in water extracting process of Paeonia lactiflora with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Method: HPLC was used as the reference method to determine the content of Paeoniflorin and a multivariate calibration model based on PLS algorithm was developed to analyze the correlation between the spectra and the corresponding values determined by the reference method. Result: The correlation coefficient of the calibration model was 0.9962, and the predicted coefficient was 0.9895. The RMSEC and RMSEP were 0.109 g·L-1 and 0.138 g·L-1, respectively, and the RSEP was 5.6%. Conclusion: The method mentioned above is proved to be convenient, rapid and nondestructive, accurate and reliable, and is applicable for fast analysis and monitoring of active components in extraction process of traditional Chinese medicine.",
        "keywords": [
            "Near infrared transmitted spectroscopy",
            "Paeonia lactiflora",
            "PLS",
            "Quality control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xueying Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yerui Li",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ChangHai Sun",
                "org": "Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.(Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Tianjin Biochemical Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "OGzgQgkA": {
        "id": "OGzgQgkA",
        "title": "Optimization for vacuum belt drying process of Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza extract",
        "abstract": "Objective: To select the optimum conditions of the vacuum belt drying process of Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza (RSM) extract. Methods: The process was studied by using orthogonal test design and grading method for multi-index on the parameters of the water content of dried product and drying rate of RSM extract, the average quantity of vapour during unit time span, as the index. Results: The optimum process determined by the grading method was listed as follows: Water content of the extract before drying was 40%, the feeding speed was 1.5 mL/s, the belt speed was 5 cm/min. Conclusion: This technology can increase the average quantity of vapour during unit time span and the drying product has high quality with lower water content and desirable drying rate.",
        "keywords": [
            "Grading method for multip-index",
            "Orthogonal test",
            "Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM)",
            "Vacuum belt drying"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Zeng",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xue-song",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QU Hai-bin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHENG Yi-yu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "AO5YaKjY": {
        "id": "AO5YaKjY",
        "title": "Microwave vacuum drying properties and kinetics model of radix paeoniae rubra extract",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To understand the drying properties of Radix Paeoniae Rubra extract with microwave vacuum drying technique and to establish a suitable kinetics model to describe its drying characteristics. METHODS: The effects of various processing conditions, such as microwave power and sample load, on the changes of the moisture content, temperature and the dehydrating rate of Radix Paeoniae Rubra extract were analyzed. The drying curve was drawn. The mathematic model of microwave vacuum drying was established. RESULTS: The drying process could be roughly divided into accelerate period, constant rate period and falling rate period. The drying process of Radix Paeoniae Rubra extract could be accurately described by the Page model, the predicted values of the model were nearly consistent with the observed values. CONCLUSION: The moisture contents and dehydrating rate during the drying procedure can be exactly estimated by the model.",
        "keywords": [
            "Drying properties",
            "Kinetic model",
            "Microwave vacuum drying",
            "Radix Paeoniae Rubra extract"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Ye-rui",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xue-song",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Long-hu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Yong-jiang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "NS7qGbqQ": {
        "id": "NS7qGbqQ",
        "title": "In-line monitoring of blending process of Zhongsheng pill powder using miniature near-infrared analyzer",
        "abstract": "Objective: To establish a simple and rapid method based on diffuse reflectance NIR spectra to in-line monitor the blending process of Zhongsheng pill powder. Method: Zhongsheng pill powder consisted of Zhongsheng spray powder, artificial cowbezoar powder and bile arisaema powder. By means of a revolutionary miniature near-infrared analyzer mounted onto the blender, the powder homogeneity was determined in real time with noninterference. The moving block standard deviation (MBSD) method was used to identify the end point of blending process, providing real-time data and instant feedback about the blending course. Evaluation of blend uniformity was carried out by stratified in-process sampling, and the content of baicalin in samples was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Result: The results calculated through MBSD method were generally coincided with HPLC analysis. Blend homogeneity was assumed to be reached when the standard deviations between spectra approached 0.002, and RSD values of baicalin content in samples from six positions were lower than 5%. Moreover, stratified in-process sampling has significant influence on blending process when the powder loading volume was small. Conclusion; Based on this study, NIR spectroscopy can be possibly extended to be applied in blending process of Zhongsheng pill powder, ensuring a remarkable saving of time and manpower employed and creating a reliable and efficient process measurement technology.",
        "keywords": [
            "Blending",
            "In-line monitoring",
            "MBSD",
            "Near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy",
            "Powder of Zhongsheng pill"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ye Jin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Yang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Muzhou Chen",
                "org": "Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Company Limited(Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Company Limited,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmacy Co. Ltd.,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmacy Co. Ltd),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaofeng Long",
                "org": "Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Company Limited(Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Company Limited,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmacy Co. Ltd.,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmacy Co. Ltd),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "NzD4aVXC": {
        "id": "NzD4aVXC",
        "title": "Film coating thickness of Compound Danshen Dropping Pills by NIRS fast detecting",
        "abstract": "Objective: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and chemometrics were used to develop a nondestructive method for fast detection of Compound Danshen Dropping Pills' film coating thickness in pharmaceutical process. Methods: Film coating thickness of Compound Danshen Dropping Pills was scanned by NIRS instrument, the pretreatment methods and wavenumber selection of NIRS were discussed in detail. Partial least squares regress (PLSR) was utilized to build the quantitive calibration model. Results: The film coating average thickness of samples for detecting was predicted through this model. Correlation coefficients (R), root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) obtained by PLSR model were 0.974, 0.228, and 0.338, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method has the advantages of quickness, nondestructiveness and precision, which could be applied to the on-line monitor of Chinese materia medica pills' film coating process.",
        "keywords": [
            "Compound Danshen Dropoing Pills",
            "Film coating thickness",
            "Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)",
            "Partial least squares regress (PLSR)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo K. Ke",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xue-song",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen Li",
                "org": "Tasly Group, China(Tianjin Tasly Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Qu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHENG Yi-yu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "hTQdWjtr": {
        "id": "hTQdWjtr",
        "title": "A Novel HPLC Method to Analyze Imperatorin and Isoimperatorin of Angelica dahurica Oils Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "angelica dahurica",
            "coumarins",
            "hplc analysis",
            "supercritical fluid extraction",
            "limit of quantification",
            "limit of detection",
            "flow rate",
            "chemical composition",
            "temperature",
            "hplc",
            "analytical methods",
            "extraction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yinchi Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yifen Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuqing Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "stp51u91": {
        "id": "stp51u91",
        "title": "Kinetic model for herb extraction process based on cylindrical configuration",
        "abstract": "As few kinetic models for herb extraction process were studied and most of present models based on spherical configuration, a model based on cylindrical configuration was proposed. It used the Fick's second law of diffusion with the hypothesis that the effective components diffusion was radial and inner diffusion was the main. The parameters in the model were obtained by the experimental data of extracting Danshensu from the Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. The simulation on the industrial extraction process of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge was investigated. The calculational data accorded well with the experimental data and the predicted error was about 10%. The kinetic model was feasible to describe the industrial process and the forecast result was well.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cylindrical configuration",
            "Extraction",
            "Herb",
            "Kinetic model",
            "Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Cai",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QU Hai-bin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHENG Yi-yu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao (Gongxue Ban)/Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "k4Bwph7p": {
        "id": "k4Bwph7p",
        "title": "Quality evaluation of Panax notoginseng extract dried by different drying methods",
        "abstract": "Quality control still remains a big issue, affecting herbs, formulations, and even the practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine. A promising solution to the problem is to take advantage of innovative process techniques including alternative drying methods within the pharmaceutical processing. Nowadays, vacuum belt drying (VBD) has gained more and more importance in food and pharmaceutical processing. In this work, Panax notoginseng extract was made into powder by the gentle VBD as well as by classical spray drying (SD), freeze drying (FD), and vacuum drying (VD). Certain chemical and physical properties of the dried powders such as moisture content, drying time, porosity, density, saponins content, pH value and hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity were evaluated. The results showed the qualities of dried products were influenced to different extent by drying methods certainly. Vacuum belt drying was suggested to dry P. notoginseng extract for its high quality assurance of hygroscopic products and suitable for sticky or high viscous products.",
        "keywords": [
            "sd",
            "moisture content",
            "bulk density",
            "td",
            "fd",
            "traditional chinese medicine",
            "vacuum belt drying",
            "freeze drying",
            "vbd",
            "true density",
            "spray drying",
            "panax notoginseng",
            "vd",
            "vacuum drying",
            "bd",
            "tcm",
            "mc",
            "quality assurance",
            "innovation process",
            "quality control",
            "physical properties"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhifang Qiu",
                "org": "Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Department of Chinese Medicine Sciences and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Food and Bioproducts Processing",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "91F0z8Kq": {
        "id": "91F0z8Kq",
        "title": "Development and validation of a HPLC method for the determination of five bioactive compounds in the \"xuebijing\" injection",
        "abstract": "A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with ultraviolet (UV) detector was developed for simultaneously determining five bioactive components (i.e., hydroxysafflor yellow A: HSYA; paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, and danshensu) in \"Xuebijing\" (XBJ) injection, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A Zorbox SB C18 column was used with 0.2% phosphoric acid (V/V)-acetonitrile as the mobile phase under the condition of gradient elution. The five components were analyzed by using a timed wavelength measure according to their maximum absorption wavelength. The intraday and interday precisions of the five investigated compounds were less than 1.17% and the average recoveries ranged from 97.3% to 103.2%. There were good linear correlations between the concentrations of the five components and their chromatographic peak areas (R2≥0.9998), the proposed method was successfully applied to determine the five components in different batches of XBJ injection products, the results indicated that the proposed method is simple, stable, and accurate and could be readily utilized as a quality control method for manufacturing process of XBJ injection. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.",
        "keywords": [
            "quantitative analysis",
            "rp-hplc",
            "tcm",
            "timed wavelength measure",
            "xuebijing injection",
            "quality control",
            "traditional chinese medicine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yerui Li",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueying Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ChangHai Sun",
                "org": "Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.(Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical. Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenjie Yan",
                "org": "Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.(Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,Tianjin Chasesun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical. Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd,Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Analytical Letters",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "v4NXYO49": {
        "id": "v4NXYO49",
        "title": "Solubility of imperatorin in ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, n-hexane, and petroleum ether from (278.2 to 318.2) K",
        "abstract": "The solubility of imperatorin in ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, n-hexane, and petroleum ether was measured at temperatures ranging from (278.2 to 318.2) K at atmospheric pressure. The solubility of imperatorin in the above solvents decreased in the order ethyl acetate > methanol > ethanol > n-hexane and petroleum ether. The solubility data were well correlated with a modified Apelblat equation. © 2011 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Hong Mei",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LiYan Yu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "oI9sNxJ7": {
        "id": "oI9sNxJ7",
        "title": "Adsorption and desorption behaviors of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in a fixed-bed ion-exchange column",
        "abstract": "S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is one of most versatile molecules in nature and has wide medical applications. The ion-exchange\n separation process of SAM of the extract of yeast cells has many advantages over selective precipitation by picrolonic acid.\n Experiments of the dynamic column process of SAM on JK110 resin were carried out in a fixed-bed ion-exchange column. The effects\n of different operation parameters on the adsorption and desorption behaviors of SAM were investigated. The results show that\n the ion-exchange adsorption of SAM is successfully implemented at 2BV/h, 10 g/L, pH 5.0; the adsorbed SAM in the ion-exchanged\n bed is efficiently desorbed by 0.2 N H2SO4 solution at the flow rate of 2BV/h. According to material balance, the recovery yield of SAM for this ion-exchange process\n is 90.1%. Finally, this ion-exchange process was successfully scaled up to separate SAM at high yield and purity.",
        "keywords": [
            "fixed-bed ion-exchange",
            "jk110 resin",
            "s-adenosyl-l-methionine",
            "separation",
            "flow rate",
            "ion exchange"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhinan Xu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Institute of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering 310027 Hangzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, Department of Chinese Medicine Science and Engineering 310027 Hangzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenhe Shen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Institute of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering 310027 Hangzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peilin Cen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University Institute of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering 310027 Hangzhou China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "dnS0tZkc": {
        "id": "dnS0tZkc",
        "title": "Quantitative and transformation product analysis of major active physalins from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii (Chinese lantern) using ultraperformance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry.",
        "abstract": "Chinese lantern is the calyx or calyx-with-fruit of the plant Physalis alkekengi .var. franchetii (Solanaceae), and is potential material for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Physalins are the most active and representative secondary metabolites of Chinese lantern. A separation and quantification method based on UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was developed for the quantitative analysis of five active physalins. The transformation products were also detected and identified for the first time.To establish a LC-MS/MS method to quantify five physalins in Chinese lantern for the purpose of quality control, and to identify the transformation products of 4,7-didehydrophysalin B.The separation was carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP C₁₈-column with water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase under gradient conditions. ESI-MS/MS was used as the detector to quantify the five physalins. The transformation products of 4,7-didehydroneophysalin B were detected by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS and identified through comparing their HRMS and MS² ion fragmentations with corresponding references.All the compounds showed good linearity (R²  > 0.998). The recoveries, measured at three concentration levels, varied from 98.8 to 101.4% with RSDs < 4.5%. The total contents of the five physalins in Chinese lantern varied significantly. Three transformation products of 4,7-didehydroneophysalin B were detected and tentatively identified.The present study developed a highly effective analytical method for the quality control of Chinese lantern, and it could provide comprehensive information for quality evaluation and new drug development of Chinese lantern.",
        "keywords": [
            "uplc-ms/ms",
            "physalins",
            "quantitative analysis",
            "transform",
            "physalis alkekengi"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yunliang Zheng",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Ren",
                "org": "Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianjun Luan",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Phytochemical analysis : PCA",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "UMGza2js": {
        "id": "UMGza2js",
        "title": "Penetration effect of ostrich oil as a promising vehicle on transdermal delivery of sinomenine.",
        "abstract": "The present study investigated the feasibility of ostrich oil utilizing as a promising vehicle for improved skin permeation of sinomenine with reference to vaseline matrix containing different content of chemical enhancers. The fatty acid composition of ostrich oil was analyzed by GC-MS. Penetration enhancing potential of ostrich oil on permeation of sinomenine across rat abdominal skin in vitro was studied using an automatic diffusion cell apparatus. The content of sinomenine percutaneous absorbed was determined by HPLC. Various parameters viz. steady-state skin flux (J(ss)), permeability coefficient (kP), cumulative amount of sinomenine (Q) and enhancement ratios (ER) were calculated from the permeation data. Fick's law of diffusion and Scheuplein kinetic were used to evaluate the transdermal absorbent enhancement of ostrich oil to sinomenine. Ostrich oil showed significant penetration effect on sinomenine compared with vaseline matrix containing different content of chemical enhancers, the density sequence as follow: 2% Azone > ostrich oil > 1% Azone plus 1% propylene glycol > 1% Azone > 3% Azone > 1% propylene glycol. The percutaneous endosmic rate constant (J(ss)) and permeability coefficient (k(P)) of sinomenine in ostrich oil through rat skin were 10.01 μg/cm²/h and 0.087, respectively. Ostrich oil produced stronger enhancement (ER = 24.31) with greater cumulative amount of drug permeated (255.53 μg/cm²) up to 24 h and caused no skin irritation. The drug release of sinomenine was coincided with Fick's equation. In summary, ostrich oil containing fatty acids is proposed as a promising adjuvant for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals for improved permeation of drug.",
        "keywords": [
            "penetration vehicle",
            "ostrich oil",
            "sinomenine",
            "transdermal",
            "fatty acid"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Teng Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longhu Wang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of oleo science",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "13pbWkRI": {
        "id": "13pbWkRI",
        "title": "Solubility of Artemisinin in Ethanol + Water from (278.2 to 343.2) K",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Long-Hu Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Ting Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Yu Cheng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "a0WGQ3n3": {
        "id": "a0WGQ3n3",
        "title": "NIR spectroscopy as a process analytical technology (PAT) tool for on-line and real-time monitoring of an extraction process",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "extraction",
            "partial least squares regression",
            "near infrared spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yongjiang wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ye jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yerui li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "di sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuesong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Vibrational Spectroscopy",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "tgu8Lj8F": {
        "id": "tgu8Lj8F",
        "title": "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as an Analytical Process Technology for the On-Line Quantification of Water Precipitation Processes during Danhong Injection",
        "abstract": "This paper used near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the on-line quantitative monitoring of water precipitation during Danhong injection. For these NIR measurements, two fiber optic probes designed to transmit NIR radiation through a 2 mm flow cell were used to collect spectra in real-time. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was developed as the preferred chemometrics quantitative analysis of the critical intermediate qualities: the danshensu (DSS, (R)-3, 4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid), protocatechuic aldehyde (PA), rosmarinic acid (RA), and salvianolic acid B (SAB) concentrations. Optimized PLSR models were successfully built and used for on-line detecting of the concentrations of DSS, PA, RA, and SAB of water precipitation during Danhong injection. Besides, the information of DSS, PA, RA, and SAB concentrations would be instantly fed back to site technical personnel for control and adjustment timely. The verification experiments determined that the predicted values agreed with the actual homologic value. ",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xuesong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunyan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shu geng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ye jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lianjun luan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongjiang wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of analytical chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "in0b2JYX": {
        "id": "in0b2JYX",
        "title": "Application of Particle Swarm Optimization Based Least Square Support Vector Machine in Quantitative Analysis of Extraction Solution of Safflower Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy: Application of Particle Swarm Optimization Based Least Square Support Vector Machine in Quantitative Analysis of Extraction Solution of Safflower Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ye jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kai yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "w u yongjiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuesong liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "2LTrLvdO": {
        "id": "2LTrLvdO",
        "title": "An approach combining real-time release testing with near-infrared spectroscopy to improve quality control efficiency of Rhizoma paridis.",
        "abstract": "Raw material examination is a critical process in the industrial production of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM); high accuracy and minimal time consumption are both required. In this study, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was applied to improve the quality control efficiency of Rhizoma paridis. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was first used to develop quantitative calibration models, and the discriminant analysis model was established to qualitatively discriminate the qualified samples from the unqualified samples. These two established NIR models were applied for real-time release testing (RTRT) of R. paridis. R. paridis saponins (RPS)≥0.6% and moisture ≤12% were used as the quantitative releasing criteria of RTRT according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Qualified samples classified by the discriminant analysis model were deemed to meet the qualitative releasing criterion of RTRT. Using the established quantitative model, 24 samples were allowed to be released to the subsequent production processes with 100% accuracy. For the qualitative RTRT analysis, three samples were misclassified as the unqualified class and were released unsuccessfully, the accuracy of the qualitative RTRT was 90%. Therefore, the quantitative RTRT was more feasible for actual manufacturing processes. Based on this study, a rapid and effective quantitative NIR spectroscopic method was proposed for the RTRT of R. paridis. The combination of RTRT and NIR spectroscopy could be a potential tool to improve the quality control efficiency of R. paridis.",
        "keywords": [
            "Near-infrared spectroscopy",
            "Quality control efficiency",
            "Real-time release testing",
            "Rhizoma paridis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yerui Li",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bowen Liu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shu Geng",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sungchan Kim",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Jin",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianjun Luan",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "qBSVNOzn": {
        "id": "qBSVNOzn",
        "title": "Application of near Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling Partial Least Squares for on-line Monitoring of the Concentration Process of Wangbi Tablets",
        "abstract": "As a rapid and accurate technique, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been widely used in process monitoring to improve efficiency and ensure quality consistency. In the present work, the application of NIR spectroscopy for on-line quantitative monitoring of the concentration process of Wangbi tablets was investigated. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models based on the full-range spectra or the key wavelengths selected by the competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) method were established. The accuracy of the CARS-PLSR method was greater than that of full-spectrum PLSR for three quality parameters (soluble solid contents, paeoniflorin and icariin). For the prediction set samples using the CARS-PLSR models the coefficients of determination (r2) and root mean square error [RMSEP (%)] were 0.97 and 1.29 for soluble solid contents, 0.93 and 0.014 for paeoniflorin and 0.85 and 0.009 for icariin, respectively. Overall the results indicated that NIR spectroscopy coupled with CARS-PLSR calibrat...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yue Yang",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Jin",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "iKgkef9g": {
        "id": "iKgkef9g",
        "title": "Rapid measurement of epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, and moisture in Herba Epimedii using near infrared spectroscopy.",
        "abstract": "In this work, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used in combination with chemometrics to determine the epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, and moisture contents of Herba Epimedii. The variable selection method genetic algorithm (GA) and regression tool support vector machine (SVM) were used to improve the model performance. Four different calibration models, namely Full-PLS, GA-PLS, Full-SVM, and GA-SVM, were established, and their performances in terms of prediction accuracy and model robustness were systemically studied and compared. In conclusion, the performances of the models based on the efficient variables selected through GA were better than those based on full spectra, and the nonlinear models were superior over the linear models. In addition, the GA-SVM model demonstrated the optimal performance in predicting five quality parameters (viz. epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, and moisture). For GA-SVM, the determination coefficient (R), root-mean-square error (RMSEP), and residual predictive deviation (RPD) for the prediction set were 0.9015, 0.0268%, and 2.20 for epimedin A; 0.9089, 0.0656%, and 3.08 for epimedin B; 0.9056, 0.1787%, and 3.18 for epimedin C; 0.8192, 0.0657%, and 2.26 for icariin; and 0.9367, 0.2062%, and 4.12 for moisture, correspondingly. Results indicated that NIR spectroscopy coupled with GA-SVM calibration can be used as a reliable alternative strategy to measure the epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, and moisture contents of Herba Epimedii because this technique is fast, economic, and nondestructive compared with traditional chemical methods.",
        "keywords": [
            "Genetic algorithm (GA)",
            "Herba Epimedii",
            "Near infrared spectroscopy",
            "Rapid measurement",
            "Support vector machine (SVM) regression"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yue Yang",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weili Li",
                "org": "SPH Liaoning Herbapex Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd., Benxi 117200, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Jin",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiyu Zheng",
                "org": "SPH Liaoning Herbapex Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd., Benxi 117200, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wentao Zhang",
                "org": "SPH Liaoning Herbapex Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd., Benxi 117200, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: chenyongzju@126.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "0gb92mxY": {
        "id": "0gb92mxY",
        "title": "On-line monitoring of extraction process of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae using near infrared spectroscopy combined with synergy interval PLS and genetic algorithm.",
        "abstract": "There is a growing need for the effective on-line process monitoring during the manufacture of traditional Chinese medicine to ensure quality consistency. In this study, the potential of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique to monitor the extraction process of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae was investigated. A new algorithm of synergy interval PLS with genetic algorithm (Si-GA-PLS) was proposed for modeling. Four different PLS models, namely Full-PLS, Si-PLS, GA-PLS, and Si-GA-PLS, were established, and their performances in predicting two quality parameters (viz. total acid and soluble solid contents) were compared. In conclusion, Si-GA-PLS model got the best results due to the combination of superiority of Si-PLS and GA. For Si-GA-PLS, the determination coefficient (R) and root-mean-square error for the prediction set (RMSEP) were 0.9561 and 147.6544μg/ml for total acid, 0.9062 and 0.1078% for soluble solid contents, correspondingly. The overall results demonstrated that the NIR spectroscopy technique combined with Si-GA-PLS calibration is a reliable and non-destructive alternative method for on-line monitoring of the extraction process of TCM on the production scale.",
        "keywords": [
            "Extraction",
            "Genetic algorithm (GA)",
            "Near infrared spectroscopy",
            "On-line monitoring",
            "Si-GA-PLS",
            "Synergy interval PLS (Si-PLS)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yue Yang",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Wang",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuan Bi",
                "org": "Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Xiao",
                "org": "Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address: chenyong1@zju.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "gflkeuYz": {
        "id": "gflkeuYz",
        "title": "Characterization of Toad Skin for Traditional Chinese Medicine by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTExtraction is a widely used manufacturing protocol for medicinal materials. Near-infrared spectroscopy was implemented to simultaneously and nondestructively monitor toad skin extraction and to determine the ideal end point. A fiber optic probe was coupled to the extraction setup to collect real-time spectra. Four mathematical algorithms, including spectra dissimilarity, moving block standard deviation, mean square, and principal component analysis, were investigated to find a suitable method to determine the end point of extraction. The moving block standard deviation was the most effective method to evaluate the end point. Multivariate models based on partial least square regression were established to monitor changes. Four quantitative models for the indole alkaloid concentration and total solids in two extraction processes provided favorable statistics, and the determination coefficients of the calibration models exceeded 0.95. For indole alkaloids and total solids in the first and second extr...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lingyan Tao",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bowen Liu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Jin",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Di Sun",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuesong Liu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiang Wu",
                "org": "College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Analytical Letters",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "UDht058H": {
        "id": "UDht058H",
        "title": "Acoustic wavelet and its applications to seismic data decomposition",
        "abstract": "Acoustic wavelet is one type of physical wavelets constructed based on the acoustic wave-equation. Unless scattering and absorption occur, the propagation of such wavelets is straight-forward; while for mathematical wavelets, even propagation in homogeneous media becomes considerably complicated. As solutions of wave equation, acoustic wavelets are mostly suitable for the decomposition and analysis of complicated acoustic or seismic wave fields. Wu et al. Introduced acoustic wavelets into seismic data analysis and opened a new area for the application of physical wavelets to the study of seismic signals. In this paper, bases on Kaiser's acoustic wavelets theory, two kinds of construction methods of acoustic wavelet are given through introducing complex time function and imaginary time coordinate of point source, respectively. The acoustic wavelet transform (AWT) in time-space domain is applied both to the synthetic seismograms of point source and to the seismic data produced by the complicated SEG-EAEG salt model. The obtained result further indicate the effectiveness of acoustic wavelet applications to the decompositions of seismic data.",
        "keywords": [
            "acoustic wavelet",
            "acoustic wavelet transform (awt)",
            "seismic data decomposition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ling Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rushan Wu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weijun Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Geophysica Sinica",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "XbgB6cXv": {
        "id": "XbgB6cXv",
        "title": "Rescaled range (\n <i>R/S</i>\n ) analysis on seismic activity parameters",
        "abstract": "The rescaled range (R/S) analysis, proposed by Hurst, is a new statistical method. Being different from traditional statistical method, R/S analysis can provide the information of maximum fluctuation (range) of statistical parameters. At present paper, several\n modern instrumental earthquake catalogues in different spatial scale, temporal scale, and with different seismic activity\n background are studied, and R/S method is used to analyze the variation of range of seismic parameters such as earthquake frequency, and earthquake time\n interval. For different seismic parameters, the ratio of range to standard deviation — R/S is a power law function of the length of time, and the exponent H of power law is always greater than 0.5. As we know, H=0.5 is the characteristics of all ideal random processes. Our results indicate that earthquake series is not an ideal Poisson\n process, on the contrary, the earthquake as a phenomenon bears dual characteristics of randomicity and regularity, and the\n greater H departs from 0.5, the more regularity the time series will show, and vice versa. With time scale changing, one can give the conservative estimate of the fluctuation, which might occur in a relatively long\n time scale, only by using the limited and known time records.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Juan Li",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "e66klehB": {
        "id": "e66klehB",
        "title": "Construction and application of local scattering matrix based on wavefield extrapolation in the Gabor-Daubechies beamlet domain",
        "abstract": "Based on the localization properties of wavefield decomposition and propagation in the Gabor-Daubechies beamlet (G-D beamlet) domain, a new method for construction of local scattering matrix is proposed in this study. Local scattering matrices from different acquisition systems for simple layered models are constructed and analyzed. The results indicate that the real scattering (or reflection) features of the local structure can be well approximated by the local scattering matrices if reasonable acquisition configurations are employed for data collection. The angle-dependent reflection coefficients for various velocity contrast cases, the space location and the dip angle of the interfaces are also estimated through detailed investigation on the local scattering matrices, which further demonstrates the great potential application of local scattering matrices to fine structure studies.",
        "keywords": [
            "Angle-domain imaging",
            "Beamlet domain prestack migration",
            "Local scattering matrix",
            "Seismic exploration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ling Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rushan Wu",
                "org": "University of California, Santa Cruz(University of California),Santa Cruz,United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Geophysica Sinica",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "wkr3IPID": {
        "id": "wkr3IPID",
        "title": "Earthquake damage and loss estimation with Geographic Information System",
        "abstract": "The present paper first includes a brief discussion of GIS technology. Next, the various steps in a regional earthquake damage\n and loss analysis are discussed, with emphasis on their implementation in the GIS environment. Lastly, a software of WorldRisk\n which was completed recently are presented to illustrate GIS-based global earthquake damage and loss estimation.",
        "keywords": [
            "gis earthquake damage loss estimation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge-Ping Li",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi-Fu Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min-Feng Li",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 1998
    },
    "98zaSej9": {
        "id": "98zaSej9",
        "title": "Estimation of earthquake losses by using macroeconomic approach",
        "abstract": "Most earthquake loss studies use an inventory approach by which the predicted damages in various categories of structures\n and facilities in a concerned region are estimated and added together to obtain the total estimated. Such an approach requires\n a detailed inventory database of the structures and facilities in the region, which is not always readily available in many\n regions of the world. Therefore, an alternative means of estimating earthquake losses is used based on several macroeconomic\n indices such as the gross domestic product (GDP) and population. Based on the published earthquake loss data during 1980–1995,\n the relations between GDP and earthquake losses have been formulated empirically for several intensity ranges. The world’s\n land surface was divided into unit cells with 0.5° × 0.5° in size, the GDP of each cell was apportioned based on its population\n and the GDP and population of the region to which it belongs. The predicted seismic loss of the cell was then estimated from\n the seismic hazard probability function, its GDP and the empirical relation between GDP and seismic loss. Accordingly, a global\n seismic loss map is compiled. Employing readily available social economic data as the basis for the vulnerability analysis,\n the method enables us to obtain seismic loss estimates for regions without a detailed inventory of exposed structures or the\n required collateral geological information. Seismic loss estimates can also be upgraded easily with social economic data collection\n for the fast developing areas of the world.",
        "keywords": [
            "gdp",
            "earthquake loss estimate",
            "macroeconomic approach.",
            "gross domestic product",
            "seismic hazard",
            "vulnerability analysis",
            "data collection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Minfeng Li",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 1999
    },
    "4eQmt5ov": {
        "id": "4eQmt5ov",
        "title": "A new fractal approach to the clustering of earthquakes: physical fractal",
        "abstract": "Traditional fractal analysis methods of earthquake temporal clustering treat earthquake events as mathematical points (without mass) in time (Smalley et al. 1987). The results obtained by these methods mainly reflect the seismic behavior of numerous small earthquakes. A sieve method of physical fractal analysis has been developed in the present article in which a series of magnitude sieves are used to study the fractal behavior of earthquakes with different magnitudes. Fractal analyses of earthquake clustering are conducted for three regions: northern China, mainland of China, and southern California. We find that all the earthquake subsets of each region show nearly the same fractal dimension, D = 0.3 for northern China and the mainland of China and D = 0.4 for southern California. The scaling ranges in which the corresponding earthquake subsets under consideration exhibit fractal features vary from subset to subset. The method has the potential application to characterizing the fractal behavior of earthquake clustering for different regions.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaojun Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rushan Wu",
                "org": "University of California, Santa Cruz(University of California),Santa Cruz,United States"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America",
        "year": 1998
    },
    "EoQgLlkY": {
        "id": "EoQgLlkY",
        "title": "1/f(β) temporal fluctuation: Detecting scale-invariance properties of seismic activity in North China",
        "abstract": "Advanced statistical methodologies have been applied to determine the temporal scaling-invariance laws in seismic activity observed in North China during the period 1980-1998. A counting statistics method is used to highlight the self-similar property of earthquake distribution in time domain, and the temporal 1/f(β) fluctuation of the earthquake sequences is detected. The seismicity in North China is characterized by a time clustering effect and shows a β value that is a typical fingerprint of self-similar property. The investigations were carried out over different magnitude thresholds. To compare the behavior of seismicity fluctuations, the rescaled range analysis is also applied to explore the temporal fractal property of the same seismic sequence, and long-term persistence are detected. Both exponent β and H can be used as the key parameters describing the features of the dynamic earthquake evolution system. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "1/f(β) fluctuation",
            "counting statistics methodology",
            "fractal",
            "rescaled range analysis",
            "scale-invariance",
            "scale invariance",
            "time domain"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Juan Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongliang Mi",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "Rj4oLam7": {
        "id": "Rj4oLam7",
        "title": "1/fβ temporal fluctuation: detecting scale–invariance properties of seismic activity in North China",
        "abstract": "Advanced statistical methodologies have been applied to determine the temporal scaling–invariance laws in seismic activity observed in North China during the period 1980–1998. A counting statistics method is used to highlight the self-similar property of earthquake distribution in time domain, and the temporal 1/ f β fluctuation of the earthquake sequences is detected. The seismicity in North China is characterized by a time clustering effect and shows a β value that is a typical fingerprint of self-similar property. The investigations were carried out over different magnitude thresholds. To compare the behavior of seismicity fluctuations, the rescaled range analysis is also applied to explore the temporal fractal property of the same seismic sequence, and long-term persistence are detected. Both exponent β and H can be used as the key parameters describing the features of the dynamic earthquake evolution system.",
        "keywords": [
            "Rescaled range analysis",
            "Fractal",
            "Counting statistics methodology",
            "1/ f β fluctuation",
            "Scale–invariance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Juan Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau, Fuxing Avenue No. 63, PO Box 166, Beijing 100036, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongliang Mi",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau, Fuxing Avenue No. 63, PO Box 166, Beijing 100036, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chaos, Solitons and Fractals",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "XEw5FjcE": {
        "id": "XEw5FjcE",
        "title": "A simplified approach to the global seismic hazard assessment",
        "abstract": "Some earthquakes in recent years (such as Tangshan earthquake (1976, China), North Ridge earthquake (1994, USA), Kobe earthquake\n (1995, Japan)) did not occur in known faults; moreover, the detailed data of geology, earthquake, crust deformation, etc.\n needed by the fault model are very difficult to obtain in many regions of the world. A simplified method of global seismic\n hazard analysis is developed, based on an area source model and by using seismicity data, and the global seismic hazard map\n is compiled. To evaluate the effectiveness and credibility of the new method, comparison study of this map with the existing\n national maps has been performed, which implies that it is considerably valuable to apply this method to practical use.",
        "keywords": [
            "seismic hazard assessment",
            "area source model",
            "global seismic hazard map.",
            "fault model",
            "seismic hazard"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Minfeng Li",
                "org": "China Seismological Bureau Center for Analysis and Prediction 100036 Beijing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 1999
    },
    "luXa8sNF": {
        "id": "luXa8sNF",
        "title": "Seismic features of vibration induced by train",
        "abstract": "Based on schematically formulation of the vibrations induced by moving trains, this paper analyses the waveforms along the\n Datong-Qinhuangdao railroad in Northern China recorded in the suburban Huairou district of Beijing on March 8, 2003. It is\n illustrated that vibrations induced by train, except traditional recognized noises and interference effects, could be used\n as a seismic source to detect crustal structures with its advantage of abundant frequency spectrum, repeatability and no additional\n harm to the environment. It will bring lights to the traditional exploration seismology with the further studies of signal\n processing and interpretation methods, and related models and new observing systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "frequency spectrum",
            "relational model",
            "signal processing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi-fu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology and Geophysics 100029 Beijing China 100029 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-tao Peng",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geology and Geophysics 100029 Beijing China 100029 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Tang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics 100081 Beijing China 100081 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fu-yun Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Research Center of Exploration Geophysics 450002 Zhengzhou China 450002 Zhengzhou China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "EfQyrlXW": {
        "id": "EfQyrlXW",
        "title": "Vibration induced by trains: A new seismic source and relative test",
        "abstract": "Vibrations induced by train moving on railway tracks could arouse elastic waves in the shallow crust, which radiate on the ground surface in a long distance around the train lines. We recorded some of the ground waves along the Datong-Qinling railroad in Northern China, with two sets of broad-band and one set of short-period seismometers. 38 shock events on 9 sites were clearly recorded at a distance of 0-2.15km to the railroad. Observations show that the vibrations induced by a running train would cause significant ground trembling in a distance of 2-3km, and the flat frequency of the seismometers covers 0.05 to 20Hz. The broad frequency range and repeatability of the trembling indicates that the vibration could be used as a seismic source to detect shallow structures in the crust. It is expected that a new kind of exploration source with related new observing systems, new data processing methods and new crustal models will bring lights to the traditional exploration seismology.",
        "keywords": [
            "Exploration seismology",
            "Seismic sources",
            "Shallow crustal structures",
            "Vibration induced by trains"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WenTao Peng",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Tang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Geophysica Sinica",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "LiHHhFOw": {
        "id": "LiHHhFOw",
        "title": "An experimental study on the excitation of large volume airguns in a small volume body of water",
        "abstract": "A large volume airgun array is effective in generating seismic waves, which is extensively used in large volume bodies of water such as oceans, lakes and reservoirs. So far, the application of large volume airguns is subject to the distribution of large volume bodies of water. This paper reports an attempt to utilize large volume airguns in a small body of water as a seismic source for seismotectonic studies. We carried out a field experiment in Mapaoquan pond, Fangshan district, Beijing, during the period 25-30 May 2009. Bolt LL1500 airguns, each with volumes of 2000 in3, the largest commercial airguns available today, were used in this experiment. We tested the excitation of the airgun array with one or two guns. The airgun array was placed 7-11 m below the water's surface. The near- and far-field seismic motions induced by the airgun source were recorded by a 100 km long seismic profile composed of 16 portable seismometers and a 100 m long strong motion seismograph profile, respectively. The following conclusions can be drawn from this experiment. First, it is feasible to excite large volume airguns in a small volume body of water. Second, seismic signals from a single shot of one airgun can be recognized at the offset up to 15 km. Taking advantage of high source repeatability, we stacked records from 128 shots to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio, and direct P-waves can be easily identified at the offset ∼50 km in stacked records. Third, no detectable damage to fish or near-field constructions was caused by the airgun shots. Those results suggest that large volume airguns excited in small bodies of water can be used as a routinely operated seismic source for mid-scale (tens of kilometres) subsurface explorations and monitoring under various running conditions. © 2010 Nanjing Geophysical Research Institute Printed in the UK.",
        "keywords": [
            "active monitoring",
            "large volume airgun",
            "small volume water body",
            "field experiment",
            "near field",
            "signal to noise ratio",
            "seismic waves"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Baoshan Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Yang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SongYong Yuan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shijun Guo",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongkui Ge",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Xu",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Geophysics and Engineering",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "2ezIHdyC": {
        "id": "2ezIHdyC",
        "title": "Did the reservoir impoundment trigger the Wenchuan earthquake?",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics Beijing 100081 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "1EIYByXD": {
        "id": "1EIYByXD",
        "title": "Using an airgun array in a land reservoir as the seismic source for seismotectonic studies in northern China: experiments and preliminary results",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lanbo Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongkui Ge",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Baojun Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Qiu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Geophysical Prospecting",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "AmZmz5eg": {
        "id": "AmZmz5eg",
        "title": "Calculating B value of aquifer from volume strain and water level response to seismic waves at changping seismic station",
        "abstract": "Based on linear poroelastic theory of ideal poroelastic media, we apply the mathematic expression between pore pressure and volume strain for well-aquifer system to analyzing the observed data of water level and volume strain changes aroused by Sumatra M s8. 7 (determined by China Seismic Networks Center) seismic waves at Changping, Beijing, station on December 26, 2004 from both time and frequency domain. The response coefficients of water level fluctuation to volume strain are also calculated when seismic waves were passing through confined aquifer. A method for estimating Skempton constant B is put forward, which provide an approach for understanding of the characteristics of aquifer.",
        "keywords": [
            "Poroelastic theory",
            "Skempton constant",
            "Volume strain",
            "Water level"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Rui Yan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center(China Earthquake Networks Center),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fuwang Gao",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center(China Earthquake Networks Center),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "FuQiong Huang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center(China Earthquake Networks Center),,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "nWFPTTP1": {
        "id": "nWFPTTP1",
        "title": "Study on large volume airgun source characteristics and seismic phase analysis",
        "abstract": "A field experiment using large volume airgun source was conducted in an onshore reservoir. The characteristics of the waveform and its propogation has been studied. The result shows that large airgun source excited in reservoir environment is rich in low frequencies (< 10 Hz), and is effective to produce waves with long-offset and deep crustal penetration. The airgun signal was detected all along the line of the largest offset equal to 185km, seismic phases Pg, Pc, P2, PmP and Pn have been picked successfully, based on which 1-D forward modeling of deep crustal structure has been conducted and the low-velocity layer of crust-mantle transition zone has been discussed. Further more, airgun source has good repeatability and is effective to produce S wave, it has been proved to be an effective artificial source on land to provide wide-angle and long-offset recording to study deep crustal structure.",
        "keywords": [
            "Deep crustal structure",
            "Large airgun source",
            "Phase analysis",
            "Reservoir"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JianMin Lin",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoshan Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongkui Ge",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Tang",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiankang Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Q1gQk3Xy": {
        "id": "Q1gQk3Xy",
        "title": "Continuous subsurface velocity measurement with coda wave interferometry",
        "abstract": "A 1-month field experiment was conducted near Kunming in Yunnan Province, China, to continuously monitor subsurface velocity variations along different baselines. The experiment site is located 10 km west to the seismically very active Xiaojiang fault zone. An electric hammer was used as a source to generate highly repeatable seismic waves, which were recorded by 5 short-period seismometers deployed at ∼10 m to 1.2 km away from the source. Velocity variation was estimated by using coda wave interferometry technique. The technique measures changes in differential time between the coda and the first arrival, which is in principal insensitive to timing errors. We obtained a fractional velocity perturbation (δv/v) of 10−3 to 10−2 with a precision of 10−4. The measured velocity variation is consistent among different components and stations and appears to well correlate with deep water level. The velocity variation is featured by a long-term linear trend and well-developed daily cycles. The latter is interpreted as the velocity response to the barometric pressure. A multivariate linear regression analysis of the data indicates that the velocity change exhibits a negative correlation with barometric pressure, with a stress sensitivity of 10−6/Pa at the experimental site.",
        "keywords": [
            "coda wave interferometry",
            "temporal variation",
            "stress state",
            "field experiment",
            "physical properties",
            "seismic waves",
            "multivariate linear regression"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Baoshan Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fenglin Niu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Geophysical Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "r7LsPXNp": {
        "id": "r7LsPXNp",
        "title": "2-D P-wave velocity structure in the mideast segment of Zhangjiakou-Bohai tectonic zone: Anxin-Xianghe-Kuancheng DSS profile",
        "abstract": "In order to get the 3-D fine velocity structure in the Capital-circle area of China, 6 explosions, ranging from 1800 to 2500\n kg, were conducted and recorded by an array of 240 seismographs. A reflection/refraction survey was carried out along the\n profile extending from Anxin county, Hebei Province northeastward to Yanshan Mountains, crossing the Zhangjiakou-Bohai tectonic\n zone. The 2-D velocity structure of P wave was imaging along the profile. The results show that abnormality exists in the\n deep structure of the Zhangjiakou-Bohai tectonic zone: The basement is significantly depressed, the interfaces and Moho are\n uplifted, and a strong velocity gradient layer is existed above the Moho that may be dislocated by deep fault. The crust of\n Huabei basin is thin and low velocity body exists in the crust. The Yanshan Mountains’ crust is thick, the layers in the crust\n are quite clear and the velocity in the layer is homogeneous. Huabei basin differs from Yanshan Mountains in structure.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fu-yun Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Geophysical Exploration Center 450002 Zhengzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-kang Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Geophysical Exploration Center 450002 Zhengzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi-fu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin-ren Zhao",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Geophysical Exploration Center 450002 Zhengzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-shi Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Geophysical Exploration Center 450002 Zhengzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bao-feng Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Geophysical Exploration Center 450002 Zhengzhou China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "1t6DHYep": {
        "id": "1t6DHYep",
        "title": "A field experiment study of improving the seismic detectability with coded source",
        "abstract": "The deep earth structure is the basis of earthquake prediction and geodynamics. Detecting with natural seismic source, i.e., earthquakes, can reach large depth but with lower resolution. Traditional active exploration can attain to high resolution but at shallow depths, as the charge of explosion is limited by environmental factors. It is desired to develop a new technique to detect the deep structure using a low-energy seismic source. In this paper, we present a new approach to detect the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) seismic signal using the coding theory that is well used in radar detecting. A field experiment was carried out. We encode the seismic pulses in time domain randomly as an equivalent excitation and detect the signal by cross-correlating source signal with a seismic record at distance. The experiment shows that this approach can largely improve the detectability of seismic signal, can give high-precision seismic time delay and have great noise resistivity. Further theoretical analysis and more experiments are needed for the advancement of coding seismology.",
        "keywords": [
            "Coded seismic source",
            "Cross-Correlation",
            "Detectability",
            "Field experiment",
            "SNR"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-Kui",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIN Jian-Min",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-Shan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SONG Li-Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LUO Gui-Chun",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "7k3H14KX": {
        "id": "7k3H14KX",
        "title": "Moho depth and sedimentary thickness in Capital region",
        "abstract": "Receiver functions are calculated with teleseismic P waveforms recorded by broad-band and short period stations of the Capital Digital Seismic Network, then the thickness and Poisson ratio of crust are investigated with the H-Kappa method. The inversion results demonstrate that the crust thickens gradually from SE to NW with an average thickness of 34 km. The crustal Poisson ratios which are indicative of different tectonic regions, have a good correlation with the active faults. The regions with high Poisson ratios fall into the cross zone of active faults with cracked rocks. Because the velocity of the basement is much higher than that of sedimentary layer, the radial direct P wave propagating through the sedimentary layer becomes very weak as compared to the converted multiple phase in the sedimentary layer. At typical periods the first arriving energy consists of the direct P and the secondary conversion phases, and produces apparent delay of peaks. The quantitative relationship between the delay times of first arriving energy relative to direct P wave and the thickness of sediments was established by forward calculation, which enables to quickly estimate the sediment thickness by the delay times of the first arrival pulse.",
        "keywords": [
            "Capital region",
            "Moho depth",
            "Receiver function",
            "Sedimentary layer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Luo",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHONG Jia-Jun",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NI Si-Dao",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-Fu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "cLm9tI7P": {
        "id": "cLm9tI7P",
        "title": "The <i>M</i>5.0 Suining-Tongnan (China) earthquake of 31 January 2010: A destructive earthquake occurring in sedimentary cover",
        "abstract": "Usually, only crystalline basement is strong enough to store the massive strain energy that can be released in a damaging\n earthquake. By contrast, sedimentary cover is weak, because of its relatively high porosity and fluids. Therefore, it generally\n cannot accumulate enough energy for strong earthquakes. On January 31, 2010, a M5.0 earthquake occurred near the border of Suining and Tongnan in China. It excited strong short-period Rayleigh waves Rg,\n indicative of its shallow focal depth. The focal depth is constrained to less than 4 km, most probably in the range of 1–3\n km, by modeling amplitude dependence on the frequency and waveforms of teleseismic depth phases (pP, sP). Because the local\n Mesozoic sedimentary cover is about 6 km thick, this earthquake should have occurred in the sedimentary cover. Though some\n shallow earthquakes with magnitudes up to M4 occur in Paleozoic sediments, this earthquake is the first M5 event studied in Mesozoic sedimentary cover. This event provides a rare opportunity to study seismogenic processes of damaging\n earthquakes in sedimentary basins.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Luo",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, 100036 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SiDao Ni",
                "org": "Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430077 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XiangFang Zeng",
                "org": "Menghcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science of China, Hefei, 230026 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Xie",
                "org": "Menghcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science of China, Hefei, 230026 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Menghcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science of China, Hefei, 230026 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Long",
                "org": "Menghcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science of China, Hefei, 230026 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "osm2lwll": {
        "id": "osm2lwll",
        "title": "Study on the regional deviation of the macroscopic epicenters from relevant epicenters by rapid determination in Chinese mainland",
        "abstract": "The primary results have been obtained by the analyses on the deviation of macroscopic epicenters from relevant microscopic\n epicenters determined rapidly after the 139 earthquake events occurred during 1989–2004. Further study has proved the normal\n distributions exist in both the east and west parts of Chinese mainland partitioned along meridian 105E. The empirical two-dimensional\n normal distribution functions for the deviations are presented in the paper. The results are of significance in reducing uncertainty\n of losses assessment immediately after a destroyed earthquake.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chinese mainland",
            "Macroscopic epicenter",
            "Microscopic epicenter",
            "Regional two-dimensional normal distribution",
            "Uncertainty"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ji-fu Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics Beijing 100081 China Beijing 100081 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-qing Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science Beijing 100036 China Beijing 100036 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics Beijing 100081 China Beijing 100081 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fu-qiong Huang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Network Center Beijing 100036 China Beijing 100036 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "nq4nGhxW": {
        "id": "nq4nGhxW",
        "title": "Characters of large volume air-gun source excitation",
        "abstract": "Large volume air-gun excited in a reservoir has been demonstrated successfully as an effective and feasible seismic source. In order to improve its efficiency further, the excitation characters of a 2000 in3 air-gun were studied in a field experiment in a reservoir. Based on the records from near-field hydrophones and far-field seismographs, the dependence of the signature on the gun parameters including gun depth and firing pressure was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) pressure pulses were little affected by gun depth, its dominant frequency changed little with gun depth; (2) the dominant frequency of bubble pulses changed from 5Hz to 7Hz when the gun depth changed from 5m to 11m; (3) the energy of pressure pulses increased with firing pressure, but the dominant frequency of bubble pulses decreased. Low frequency signal fit for subsurface exploration in large scale is mainly created by the bubble oscillation, because of its complexity, a succinct Mathematical and Physical model was applied to explain the process.",
        "keywords": [
            "Excitation condition",
            "Large volume air-gun",
            "Reservoir",
            "Wavelet characters"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JianMin Lin",
                "org": "Zhejiang Ocean University(Zhejiang Ocean University),Zhoushan City,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoshan Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongkui Ge",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Xu",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "VkRKNjgA": {
        "id": "VkRKNjgA",
        "title": "The correlation of deformation behavior with precipitation and groundwater of the Babaoshan fault in Beijing",
        "abstract": "We discuss the influence of precipitation and groundwater on the deformation behavior of the Babaoshan fault of Beijing by using long-term observation data from Dahuichang station during 1970-2003. The results show that (1) the pore pressure on fault zone as well as the fault deformation behavior exhibit periodically variation as precipitation changed steadily and periodically; (2) the periodicity of the pore pressure of fault zones disappeared and the manner of fault deformation behavior changes when precipitation was small and/or was in aberrance. This implies that rainfall plays a key role in fault deformation behavior through changing the pore pressure of fault zones. Combining the existing results about the Babaoshan fault, it is concluded that precipitation and groundwater may adjust the stress/strain field by controlling the deformation behavior of the fault, which can provide direct observation evidence for the interaction of fluid and solid in shallow crust of the earth.",
        "keywords": [
            "Babaoshan fault",
            "Fault deformation behavior",
            "Groundwater",
            "Precipitation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "FuQiong Huang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ChangQing Bai",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Yan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center(China Earthquake Networks Center),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MingBo Yang",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Congxin Lan",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodong Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center(China Earthquake Networks Center),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zaisen Jiang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "24Nte7Pt": {
        "id": "24Nte7Pt",
        "title": "A new way to generate seismic waves for continental crustal exploration",
        "abstract": "An airgun experiment was conducted in a reservoir, with the total volume of the airgun array being 6000 cubic inch. The energy\n released by one excitation was estimated to be 6.68�106 J, which corresponded to a 3.4 kg TNT explosion. A 180 km long profile composed of 100 portable short period seismometers\n was deployed as a receiver system of the airgun signals. Two remarkable results can be drawn from the experiment: (1) the\n airgun explosion is harmless to the dam and the fish, and this kind of airguns can be regarded as a green and environmental\n protection seismic source on land; (2) seismic wave generated by this airgun source can be recorded by permanent stations\n with offset larger than 200 km. And the wave amplitudes recorded by nearby and remote stations are equivalent to the wave\n generated by 800 kg dynamite explosion. The airguns can be used as a light to illuminate the continental crustal structure\n of an area of about 100000 km2.",
        "keywords": [
            "reservoir experiment",
            "green and environmental protection seismic source",
            "airgun",
            "seismic waves",
            "environmental protection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiankang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "qiu",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuelin",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "ge",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "hongkui",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "liu",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "baojin",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "wang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "baoshan",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "bPJkl0rC": {
        "id": "bPJkl0rC",
        "title": "Wenchuan earthquake: Way of thinking is changed",
        "abstract": "On 12 May, 2008, at 14:28:04 local time, an M s 8.0 earthquake struck the Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, in southwest China (Figure 1). This quake left about 70,000 people dead, 18,000 missing and over 370,000 injured. In the 75 days after the main shock, 20,000 aftershocks were recorded, which included 241 with M s≥4.0, 205 with 4.0≤M s≤4.9, 30 with 5.0≤M s≤5.9, and 6 with M s≥6.0. The largest aftershock took place 13 days after the main shock, in Qingchuan County, 110 km northeast of the epicenter of the quake (Chen, 2008). The losses from the quake-triggered geological disasters accounted for over a third of the total quake losses, which is extremely rare in the history of earthquake disasters. Secondary disasters, such as landslides, rockslides, landfalls, debris flows, etc., were widely distributed. Large numbers of buildings collapsed, including ones with steel reinforcing in the area of the epicenter. Infrastructure was badly damaged. In many areas, communications, and power and water supplies were cut off. The earthquake left over 35 large quake-dammed lakes, which threatened further disasters in the catchment areas. The 5.12 quake broke several records in the history of modern China. It was the most devastating quake and had the widest range of destruction. In addition, it involved the greatest rescue efforts. It affected the lives of about 28 million people in an area of over 130,000 km 2, caused severe damage to about a million urban and four million rural buildings, and left some 10 million people homeless. Preliminary estimates show that the total economic losses topped 10 trillion RMB, which is equivalent to the 2007 GDP of Sichuan Province and 1.6 times higher than that caused by the Hanshin Earthquake in Japan in 1995. The 5.12 quake reminded scientists of the urgency of continuous research to improve earthquake prediction and damage prevention. This article provides geological and geophysical information intended to help scientists to better understand the impacts of this quake and to predict such events in the future.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "National Earthquake Infrastructure Service(National Earthquake Infrastructure Service),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Li",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center(China Earthquake Networks Center),,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Episodes",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "rQUo081e": {
        "id": "rQUo081e",
        "title": "Resolving near surface S velocity structure in natural earthquake frequency band: A case study in Beijing region",
        "abstract": "Near surface S velocity of sedimentary layers is crucial for strong motion simulation and seismic hazard assessment. S velocity of the top hundreds' meters is particularly significant for earthquake engineering. While S velocity can be measured by well-logging or shallow seismic survey, it is deduced from the data with frequency band much higher than the band of seismic signals from earthquakes, or the depth profile is too shallow. We present an effective method for resolving near surface velocity structure by modeling borehole seismograms. By analyzing seismograms from hundreds of earthquakes in Beijing region, we have identified direct S and surface-reflected S waves by using generalized ray theory, and determined S velocity structure for the depth of 100-500 m by modeling the interval between the two S waves. The average S velocity is found to be lower than 300 m/s at top 100 m, but increases to about 800 m/s at the depth of 500 m, With an average gradient of 0.8 (m/s)/m. Therefore borehole seismograms are valuable data for studying shallow S-wave velocity structure of sedimentary basins and can provide basic parameters for strong motion simulation in the basins.",
        "keywords": [
            "Borehole seismometer",
            "S velocity structure",
            "Sedimentary layer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weisen Shen",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Luo",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sidao Ni",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiajun Chong",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "maKvgFSM": {
        "id": "maKvgFSM",
        "title": "Grain crush and its evolution in granular material: A two-dimensional distinct element model approach",
        "abstract": "A crush criterion and a simplified post-crush process for spherical grains are introduced into the traditional distinct element model (DEM). The crush criterion is based on Hertzian contact, and it indicates a negative relation between critical force F cr and radius R via F cr ∞ R -3/2. Effects of grain crush on deformation pattern and statistical features of crush evolution for samples under uniaxial strain load are intensively investigated. Influences of maximum crush times and particle size distribution (PSD) are also discussed. It is found that: (1) Grain crush will blur the localization of deformation. (2) Crush is prone to occur in larger grains, due to force concentration and lower critical force F cr for larger grains. (3) Grain crush only temporarily reduces contact force, which results in the most rapid increase of the number of grains with maximum crush time.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wang Bao-Shan",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shi Xing-Jue",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hong-Kui",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wong Teng-Fong",
                "org": "Stony Brook University State University of New York(State University of New York,State University of New York at Stony Brook,Stony Brook University),Stony Brook,United States"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "zaNo6mKO": {
        "id": "zaNo6mKO",
        "title": "Effects of fault movement and material properties on deformation and stress fields of Tibetan Plateau",
        "abstract": "We compare the factors which affect the movement of Tibetan Plateau by building three types of finite element models: an elastic\n materials (M-EC), a continuous model composed by non-linear materials (M-PC), and an elastic model with discontinuous fault\n movements (M-ET). Both in M-ET and M-EC, the materials in Qiangtang and Lhasa block are elastic, and in M-ET, discontinuous\n movement of faults is considered for evaluating the effects of strike-slip faults. In model M-PC Druker-Prager plastic materials\n are used in Qiangtang and Lhasa block. Comparisons of the numerical simulation and the GPS observations show following characteristics:\n (1) Under present tectonic environment, short-term deformation of Tibetan Plateau can be simulated well by elastic models;\n (2) Discontinuous fault activities increase the lateral extrusion of the eastern part of Tibetan Plateau, reduce the stress\n field level in Qiangtang, Tarim and Qaidam blocks and strengthen the E-W extensional force in the east and the west parts\n of Qiangtang block; (3) Properties of plastic materials reduce the total stress field and the E-W extensional force, thus,\n the normal fault earthquakes in southern Tibet is mainly owed to the effect of active fault movement. Based on the numerical\n simulations we speculate that faults movement may play a more important role on the kinematic pattern of Tibetan Plateau than\n bulk properties.",
        "keywords": [
            "deformation clc number: p315.72 + 5 document code :a",
            "discontinuous fault",
            "deformation",
            "material properties",
            "stress field",
            "numerical simulation",
            "active fault",
            "finite element model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "zheng",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiong",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "bin",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "shan",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Science",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "myruLYYO": {
        "id": "myruLYYO",
        "title": "Relation of deformation behavior with precipitation and groundwater of the Babaoshan fault in Beijing",
        "abstract": "We discuss the influence of precipitation and groundwater on the deformation behavior of the Babaoshan fault of Beijing by\n using long-term observation data from Dahuichang station during 1970–2003. The results show that a) the pore pressure on fault\n zone as well as the fault deformation behavior exhibited periodically variation as precipitation changed steadily and periodically;\n b) the periodicity of the pore pressure of fault zones disappeared and the manner of fault deformation behavior changed when\n precipitation was small and/or was in aberrance. This implies that rainfall plays a key role in fault deformation behavior\n through changing the pore pressure of fault zones. Combining the existing results about the Babaoshan fault, it is concluded\n that precipitation and groundwater may adjust the stress/strain field by controlling the deformation behavior of the fault,\n which can provide direct observation evidence for the interaction of fluid and solid in shallow crust of the Earth.",
        "keywords": [
            "groundwater",
            "babaoshan fault",
            "precipitation",
            "fault deformation behavior",
            "Babaoshan fault",
            "fault deformation behavior clc number: p315.72÷3 document code: a"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fu-qiong Huang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics 100081 Beijing China 100081 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang-qing Bai",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality Fengtai Observatory Station 100080 Beijing China 100080 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Yan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration China Earthquake Network Center 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming-bo Yang",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality 100080 Beijing China 100080 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cong-xin Lan",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality 100080 Beijing China 100080 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-dong Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration China Earthquake Network Center 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zai-sen Jiang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science 100036 Beijing China 100036 Beijing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "SDfDlhnx": {
        "id": "SDfDlhnx",
        "title": "Calculating Skempton constant of aquifer from volume strain and water level response to seismic waves at Changping seismic station",
        "abstract": "Based on linear poroelastic theory of ideal poroelastic media, we apply the mathematic expression between pore pressure and\n volume strain for well-aquifer system to analyzing the observed data of water level and volume strain changes aroused by Sumatra\n M\n S8.7 (determined by China Seismic Networks Center) seismic waves at Changping, Beijing, station on December 26, 2004 from both\n time and frequency domain. The response coefficients of water level fluctuation to volume strain are also calculated when\n seismic waves were passing through confined aquifer. A method for estimating Skempton constant B is put forward, which provide an approach for understanding of the characteristics of aquifer.",
        "keywords": [
            "poroelastic theory",
            "water level",
            "volume strain",
            "Skempton constant"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Rui Yan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics Beijing 100081 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fu-wang Gao",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fu-qiong Huang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ikLtAxYt": {
        "id": "ikLtAxYt",
        "title": "Study on the regional deviation of the macro-scopic epicenters from relevant epicenters by rapid determination in Chinese mainland",
        "abstract": "The primary results have been obtained by the analyses on the deviation of macroscopic epicenters from relevant microscopic epicenters determined rapidly after the 139 earthquake events occurred during 1989-2004. Further study has proved the normal distributions exist in both the east and west parts of Chinese mainland divided along meridian 105°E. The empirical two-dimensional normal distribution functions for the deviations are presented in the paper. The results are of significance in reducing uncertainty of losses assessment immediately after a destroyed earthquake.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chinese mainland",
            "Macroscopic epicenter",
            "Microscopic epicenter",
            "Normal distribution",
            "Uncertainty"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JiFu Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqing Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "FuQiong Huang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Networks Center(China Earthquake Networks Center),,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Dy9DUzIn": {
        "id": "Dy9DUzIn",
        "title": "A discrete element model for the development of compaction localization in granular rock",
        "abstract": "A discrete element model was developed to simulate the micromechanics of compaction localization in a granular rock. The rock was modeled as a bonded assembly of circular disks, and seven different distributions of radius were considered. To simulate grain crushing and pore collapse, an intragranular damage mechanism was introduced that allows for the shrinkage of a disk if one of its normal contact stresses attains a critical value. The model captures key attributes of failure mode and damage evolution associated with the brittle-ductile transition in porous sandstones. Our simulations indicate that the development of discrete compaction bands is promoted in a relatively homogeneous granular aggregate, while diffuse band growth and distributed cataclastic flow are preferred modes of compaction in a more heterogeneous system. To interpret the former result an Eshelby inclusion model was proposed to estimate analytically the local stress perturbations due to pore collapse in a homogeneous aggregate.",
        "keywords": [
            "granular rock",
            "discrete element model",
            "fracture evolution",
            "compaction localization",
            "physical properties",
            "structural geology",
            "contact stress",
            "critical value",
            "microstructures"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Baoshan Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Teng-fong Wong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Geophysical Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Us3VIbof": {
        "id": "Us3VIbof",
        "title": "A shallow aftershock sequence in the north-eastern end of the Wenchuan earthquake aftershock zone",
        "abstract": "Previous studies show that mature faults are filled with fault gouge in the shallow part and thus cannot accumulate enough strain energy for earthquakes. Therefore most earthquakes are deeper than 5 km, except those events occurring on new faults or in intact rocks. From field observation, Wenchuan earthquake is found to rupture the free surface about 200 km, but the rupture may extend underground much further from teleseismic body waves inversion and aftershocks distribution. In the northeastern end of the rupture zone, deep rupture may induce stress increase near the free surface, and trigger shallow earthquakes. An Ms 5.7 aftershock occurred at Qingchuan, northeast end of Wenchuan earthquake fault on July 24, 2008, featuring thrust mechanism with a 3 km source centroid depth. The shallow focal depth is confirmed with the sPL phase recorded at station L0205. As Rayleigh wave is well only developed for source depth less than 1/5 of epicentral distance, the observed large amplitude of Rg at a distance of 15 km implied depth of 3 km or less. Dozens of aftershocks’ sPL waveforms are also analyzed to confirm the source depths less than 3 km. On the other hand, no surface ruptures are found by geological survey or InSAR studies. It is strongly suggested that these aftershock sequences initiate fresh rupture in intact rocks triggered by stress increase from the deep co-seismic rupture of the Wenchuan mainshock.",
        "keywords": [
            "wenchuan earthquake",
            "focal depth",
            "wave modeling",
            "shallow earthquake"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Luo",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China School of Earth and Space Sciences Hefei 230026 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SiDao Ni",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China School of Earth and Space Sciences Hefei 230026 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XiangFang Zeng",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China School of Earth and Space Sciences Hefei 230026 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zheng",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Wuhan 430077 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QiFu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science Beijing 100036 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Earthquake Science Beijing 100036 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "中国科学:地球科学(英文版)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "FaH1sKcZ": {
        "id": "FaH1sKcZ",
        "title": "The study on zonal uncertainty of the earthquake epicenters obtained from rapid determination of earthquake location in main land China",
        "abstract": "China is one of countries suffering from most serious earthquake disaster. During the study of earthquake losses, we find the problems which exist in the current earthquake damage and losses assessment practice based on the parameters obtained from rapid determination of earthquake location, A group of 175 rapid seismic location data and relevant macroscopic epicenter ones since 1989 in main land China which distributed in East and West of China are collected and the statistical parameters of probability distribution of the deviation of rapid seismic location from the macroscopic epicenter are obtained, which obeys the two-dimensional normal distribution. © 2005 IEEE.",
        "keywords": [
            "earthquake",
            "macroscopic epicenter",
            "main land china",
            "microscopic epicenter",
            "uncertainty",
            "statistical distributions",
            "geophysics",
            "microscopy",
            "gaussian distribution",
            "random variables",
            "data processing",
            "probability density function",
            "probability distribution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JiFu Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqing Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "X. C. Yang",
                "org": "Jiangxi Earthquake Administration(Jiangxi Earthquake Administration),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongliang Mi",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "Ip1xWdho": {
        "id": "Ip1xWdho",
        "title": "Magnitude estimation for early warning applications using the initial part of P waves: A case study on the 2008 Wenchuan sequence",
        "abstract": "A period parameter τc and an amplitude parameter Pd determined from the very beginning of P wave are important for earthquake early warning (EEW), yet their dependence on source mechanism, focal depth and epicentral distance has not been fully studied. After the devastating Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, hundreds of M4-6 earthquakes occurred with diverse focal mechanisms and depth range of 2–20 km. We calculate τc and Pd of these aftershocks and examine their dependence on magnitude, τc, distance, and depth. We find that τc correlates well with magnitude, but joint regression including distance and depth does not significantly improve the correlation. The effect of focal mechanism on the τc -magnitude correlation is not obvious. When P wave is nodal, τc measurement becomes inaccurate. Also, τc is systematically greater for slow earthquakes, leading to a possible false alarm. Thus, more studies are required to discriminate slow earthquakes for robust early warning.",
        "keywords": [
            "pd",
            "focal mechanism",
            "τc",
            "wenchuan earthquake",
            "slow earthquake",
            "early warning"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weitao Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Sidao Ni",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hiroo Kanamori",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Geophysical Research Letters",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "WFgaHzzj": {
        "id": "WFgaHzzj",
        "title": "Application status and developmental trend of WebGIS",
        "abstract": "Since the concept of WebGIS appeared, its theory and application have been researched in our country. But it is still under the experimentation until now, so it cannot be called the real \"WebGIS\". So it is necessary to summarize the research results for these years. This paper sums up the main characteristics of WebGIS on the basis of collecting and studying a great deal of published scientific thesises, research reports, degree thesises and applications. The paper also sums up the key problems and realizing technology of WebGIS, and its application status in agriculture, forestry, weather, water conservancy, earthquake, ocean, land and resource, environment protection, railroad and traffic, electric power, city construction and programming are emphasized. Finally the paper discusses the development trend of WebGIS. The conclusion is that WebGIS can be used more widely as an opening application platform.",
        "keywords": [
            "Application status",
            "Development trend",
            "Geographic information system",
            "Realizing technology",
            "WebGIS"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JiFu Liu",
                "org": "Seismological Bur. of Jiangxi Prov.(Seismological Bur. of Jiangxi Prov.,Seismological Bureau of Jiangxi Prov,Jiangxi Seismological Bureau,Seismological Bureau of Jiangxi),,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Huang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "mhcQJM2Z": {
        "id": "mhcQJM2Z",
        "title": "The crust structures and tectonics of Ürumqi depression revealed by deep seismic reflection profile in the northern margin of Tianshan mountains",
        "abstract": "It is known from the active tectonic research results that the northern margin of Tianshan mountains is characterized with typical intra-continental active tectonics, which has thrust faults and anticlines with multiple parallel mountains. In order to investigate the fine crustal structures and the main fault geometries as well as the deep-shallow tectonic relations in Ürümqi depression, a deep seismic reflection profile of 78 km long, running in nearly SN direction, was completed in 2004. This profile is located in the transition zone between Tianshan mountains and Junggar Basin of the western Ürümqi. The results show that the crust beneath the investigated area is divided into upper and lower crusts by a strong reflective zone with about 9 ∼ 10.5 s TWT. The thicknesses of the upper and lower crusts are about 26 ∼ 28 km, 23 ∼ 25 km, respectively. There are rich reflective layers and clear tectonic patterns above 5s TWT while presenting obviously different tectonic features along the profile. In the southern region of Xishan, the stacked deep seismic reflection section has a series of thrust anticlines extending in the EW direction and arranging in the SN as well as a group of faults thrusting from south to north. All of those are influenced by the deep detachment zone. In the Xishan and Wangjiagou area, it shows a set of steeply north-dipping reflective layers and a group of faults slipping along the layers. The northern part of the profile shows the images of typical sediment basin and its deepest depth is about 10 ∼ 12 km. Between 6 and 9 s TWT, the stacked deep seismic reflection section shows disordered reflections with comparatively short continuing time and weak energy. These indicate that this part of the crust is evidently possessed with \"reflection transparence\". The Moho transition zone occurs at 14 ∼ 17 s TWT, and the zone thickness is about 9 ∼ 10 km. In the studied area, the Moho discontinuity gradually deepens from north to south. Its depth is about 50 ∼ 52 km at the northern segment of the profile and is about 54 ∼ 55 km near north Tianshan. In the neighbourhood of Xishan at the middle profile, the reflections from the boundary between upper and lower crusts as well as Moho transition zone become misty while the shallow stratums show signs of uplift and fold, which may have something to do with the extrusions between Junggar basin and Tianshan mountains.",
        "keywords": [
            "crustal structure",
            "deep and shallow tectonic features",
            "deep seismic reflection profile",
            "ürumqi depression"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Bao-Jin",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shen",
                "org": "Seismological Bureau Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Seismological Bureau Xinjiang Uygur),Urumqi,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Xian-Kang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "FANG Sheng-Ming",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SONG He-Ping",
                "org": "Seismological Bureau Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Seismological Bureau Xinjiang Uygur),Urumqi,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "FENG Shao-Ying",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Cheng-Bin",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "R0BP7Hum": {
        "id": "R0BP7Hum",
        "title": "Imaging the rupture of the 2010 M8. 8 Chile earthquake with a broadband seismic array",
        "abstract": "The major earthquake occurred off the coast of the Maule region of Chile on February 27, 2010 was rated 8.8 on the moment magnitude scale. The rupture front of the earthquake was imaged by back projecting teleseismic P-wave energy recorded by United States National Seismic Network. It is found that this earthquake had an asymmetrical bilateral rupture with a dominant direction from south to north. The rupture continued for at least 150 s and extended about 80km in the south and 200 km in the north direction along Chilean coastal fine.",
        "keywords": [
            "2010 M8. 8 Chile earthquake",
            "Back-projection method",
            "Radiated energy",
            "Rupture process"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ning Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NIU Feng-Lin",
                "org": "Rice University(Rice University),Houston,United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-Fu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "PJNUKeYn": {
        "id": "PJNUKeYn",
        "title": "The application of large volume airgun sources to the onshore-offshore seismic surveys: implication of the experimental results in northern South China Sea",
        "abstract": "Onshore-offshore seismic experiments were carried out for the first time in northern South China Sea using large volume airgun\n sources at sea and seismic stations on land. The experimental results indicate that seismic signals from the new airgun array\n of R/V Shiyan 2 can be detected as far as 255 km. The signal effective area reaches nearly 50000 km2, which covers Hong Kong and Pearl River Delta. Compared with the old airgun array, the signal amplitude, propagation distance\n and effective area of the new airgun array have been increased notably, which demonstrates that the upgrade of the airgun\n source was successful. Comparisons with previous experimental results in other regions show that the shooting effect of the\n new airgun array is similar to those best airgun sources in the world. Especially, it is a new breakthrough in using the permanent\n seismic stations onshore to record long distance airgun signals offshore, which has great significance to the realization\n of the “seismic radar” concept and the 3D seismic surveys of crustal structure in coastal areas.",
        "keywords": [
            "northern south china sea",
            "crustal structure",
            "airgun source",
            "onshore-offshore seismic survey",
            "seismic station"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qiu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuelin",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "rixiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "huilong",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "shi",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaobin",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "ye",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "chunming",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhao",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "minghui",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "xia",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "shaohong",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "RQbT2BCi": {
        "id": "RQbT2BCi",
        "title": "The finite difference time domain simulation on Anxin-Kuancheng deep seismic sounding profile",
        "abstract": "Using the method of finite difference time domain to simulate the seismic wave can obtain much more information of the wave field. It is very effective to investigate the seismic wave field on complex geological background. In this paper, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) was briefly introduced. For the Anxin-Kuancheng deep seismic sounding profile conducted on April 2002, the two-dimensional full wave numerical simulation was performed with FDTD method, as well as the perfectly matched layer as the absorbing boundary condition. Discussing and comparing the FDTD simulation synthetic seismograms with the recorded sections and the synthetic results given by ray tracing method, the effectiveness of the finite difference time domain method for the simulation of the seismic wave propagation has been proved.",
        "keywords": [
            "2-D simulation",
            "Absorbing boundary condition",
            "Finite difference time domain",
            "Seismic wave propagation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fei Peng",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lanbo Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "QhbJpY1t": {
        "id": "QhbJpY1t",
        "title": "Research on crustal structure and active fault in the Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake (M8.0) Zone based on single-fold deep seismic reflection and shallow seismic reflection profiling",
        "abstract": "The crustal structure and deep-shallow tectonic features of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake (M8.0,1679)Zone are explored by using a single-fold deep seismic reflection profile and a shallow seismic reflection profile. The results show that the crust beneath the investigated area is divided into upper and lower crust by a strong reflective zone at about 6∼7 s TWT. The thickness of the upper and lower crust is about 18∼21 km and 13∼15 km, respectively. The seismic reflection profile reveals that the deep fault in crust coincides well with the active fault in the shallow subsurface. Among all the faults, the deep fault has a larger dip angle, and it cuts the lower crust and crust-mantle transitional zone. This deep fault extends upwards into the upper crust, and joins the crustal deep structure to the shallow active fault. The complex faults and crustal structures in deep and shallow are the tectonic background for Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake, which controlled the earthquake activity in the area.",
        "keywords": [
            "Crustal structure",
            "Deep-shallow tectonic feature",
            "Fault activity",
            "First arrival wave tomographic imaging",
            "Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake Zone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Bao-Jin",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Xian-Kang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "FENG Shao-Ying",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JI Ji-Fa",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YUAN Hong-Ke",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Zuo",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "LMZ5LqFn": {
        "id": "LMZ5LqFn",
        "title": "Study on weak signal detection of small shot in regional scale deep exploration",
        "abstract": "In recent years more and more active sources are used to explore underground structures in regional scale deep seismic exploration. In order to study the possibility of remote detection using small shot, we study the shooting mode and corresponding data-processing methods using field experiment. The field experiments used a big shot and 16 small shots. The results of the study showed that: (1) Using dozens of kilograms of explosives the signal can be detected at distances up to 200 km; (2)Active source has a certain degree of repeatability among different shots; (3)This paper presents the following shooting mode and signal detection method based on the similarity of different shots: In light of the similarity between the signals of big shot and small shot, this paper presents a cross-correlation method using signal from big shot signal with high SNR and small shot signal to detect weak small shot signal, the method can effectively detect the small shot signal and pick up the start time of phase, this method can help us make full use of past seismic exploration data records. Considering the similarity between the excited signals, shooting repeatedly can be an effective way, we use the linear stack and N-th root weighted stack method, the method can effectively improve the clarity of the signal.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cross-correlation",
            "Shooting mode",
            "Small shot",
            "Stack",
            "Weak signal detection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Tang",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-Shan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-Kui",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "CurCKe98": {
        "id": "CurCKe98",
        "title": "Rupture of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake inferred from direct P-wave imaging",
        "abstract": "The Sumatra-Andaman earthquake on December 26, 2004 is the first well recorded gigantic earthquake (moment magnitude M w 9.3) by modern broadband seismic and Global Positioning System networks. The rich seismic and geodetic recordings have documented unprecedented details about the earthquake rupture, coseismic and postseismic deformations. This is a report of detailed images of the rupture process using the first-arriving compressional waves recorded by the China National Digital Seismic Network (CNDSN). An improved imaging condition was employed to account for the sparse distribution of the CNDSN stations. The resulting images are consistent with the major rupture features reported by previous seismic and geodetic studies. It is found that the earthquake rupture initiated at offshore of northwestern Sumatra and propagated in the north northwest direction at a speed of 2.7 ± 0.2 km/s. The rupture continued for at least 420 s and extended about 1200-1300 km along the Andaman trough with two bursts of seismic energy. © 2007 Science in China Press.",
        "keywords": [
            "CNDSN",
            "Direct imaging",
            "Earthquake rupture",
            "Sumatra-Andaman earthquake"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ning Liu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fenglin Niu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "holUIB9P": {
        "id": "holUIB9P",
        "title": "The crustal shallow structures and buried active faults revealed by seismic reflection profiles in northwestern area of Beijing plain",
        "abstract": "The results obtained from geological and geophysical studies suggested that there are multiple buried active faults and Quaternary buried basin in Beijing plain. In order to investigate crustal shallow structures, geometry of buried faults, fault activity and the relationship of deep-shallow tectonics in Beijing area, an mid-deep seismic reflection profile with 60-fold and multiple shallow reflection profiles crossing the buried faults was completed in northwestern region of Beijing plain in 2006. The results show that the depth of crystalline basement is about 3-6 km along the profile. The seismic reflection section shows a set of strong reflected phases with good lateral continuity above the crystalline basement, which should be the sedimentary rock systems of Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic era. Beneath the crystalline basement, there is a series of weak reflected events with poor continuity possibly representing the crystallized rock system with comparatively strong metamorphism or other non-layered rock systems. The faults revealed by mid-deep and shallow seismic reflection profile present consistent upper-lower relationship and have been significantly active since Quaternary, which play an important role in controlling the rift valley-horst like basin and ridge tectonics as well as the thicknesses of Cenozoic stratum in this region. The study results not only may further improve the understanding of the neotectonics activity in Beijing area, but also the used exploration method and technology could be used as references for surveying deep-shallow structures in other areas.",
        "keywords": [
            "Active fault",
            "Beijing plain",
            "Crustal structures and tectonics",
            "Crystalline basement",
            "Seismic reflection profiling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Bao-Jin",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Hu",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Xian-Kang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "FENG Shao-Ying",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Xiao-Ping",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shen E. Yu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Qi Mneg",
                "org": "Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality(Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHI Jin-Hu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "KOU Kun-Peng",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "4IJu2rac": {
        "id": "4IJu2rac",
        "title": "Seismic signal detection and first arrival pickup based on mutual information",
        "abstract": "In this paper the fundamental theory of information science-Information Theory is introduced to the analysis and processing of seismic signals. Based on mutual information, a novel seismic signals detection and first arrival pickup method is proposed with the principle and detail algorithm. The computation results on real seismic data show that mutual information in the sliding observation window can indicate the existence of the seismic signals to be detected. Through the pickup of the rising-break or the peak point of mutual information, the arrival time can also be effectively estimated. Especially, the presented method can be used in the processing of the non-classical seismic signals such as continuous stochastic signals and random impulse sequences. When analyzing these kinds of signals, the signal noise ratio is usually very low and seismic waves will change apparently with the transmit distance. So it is difficult to analyze these signals by classical detection methods, but the proposed method can provide some useful results in these situations.",
        "keywords": [
            "First break",
            "Information theory",
            "Mutual information",
            "Seismic signal detection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Li",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "DAI Xu-Chu",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-Kui",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-Shan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIN Jian-Min",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "8jgGnYom": {
        "id": "8jgGnYom",
        "title": "Characteristics of response spectra for long-periods of main-shock recordings of the Chi-Chi earthquake",
        "abstract": "Current practice uses predictive models to extrapolate long-period response spectra based on far-field recordings in moderate\n and weak earthquakes. However, the spectra are not long enough and the data are often not reliable, which means that the seismic\n design code cannot accurately define seismic design requirements for long-period structures. The near-field recordings in\n the main-shock of the Chi-Chi earthquake have a large signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which makes them suitable for studying\n the long-period acceleration response spectrum up to 20 sec. The acceleration response spectra from 246 stations within 120\n km of the causative fault are statistically analyzed in this paper. The influence of distance and site conditions on long-period\n response spectrum is discussed, and the shapes of the amplification spectra are compared with the standard spectra specified\n in the seismic design code of China. Finally, suggestions for future revisions to the code are proposed.",
        "keywords": [
            "long-period",
            "main-shock recordings",
            "Chi-Chi earthquake",
            "signal-to-noise ratio",
            "acceleration response spectrum",
            "amplification spectrum"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics Beijing 100081 China Beijing 100081 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanxiang Yu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration Institute of Geophysics Beijing 100081 China Beijing 100081 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "pen73QMU": {
        "id": "pen73QMU",
        "title": "Doublet and Its Potential Application in Active Exploration",
        "abstract": "The development of doublet study is obtained. Doublets arise when two events display nearly identical seismograms at a common station,implying that events have similar focal mechanism and locations. Previous authors have identified and studied the signals from natural earthquake doublets. In allusion to the drawbacks of the low incidence rate and regional distribution of natural doublets and passive observation etc.,the repeatability of artificial source is studied through field experiment. Further more, based on the known location and free excitation of the artificial source, accurate active doublet is put forward to construct. Its possible potential applications are also discussed. It makes great sense to improving the reliability and feasibility of doublet method and also lays a foundation for further large scale seismic exploration through active doublet method.",
        "keywords": [
            "Doublet Repeatability Active doublet"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lin Jianmin",
                "org": "School of Earth and Space Sciences, USTC, Hefei , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Baoshan",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics, CEA, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics, CEA, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Qifu",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, CEA, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics, CEA, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "vnDW10q1": {
        "id": "vnDW10q1",
        "title": "SEISMIC ARRAY IN NORTH CHINA",
        "abstract": "In order to understand the geodynamics and mechanism of earthquake in North China, a large scientific project was proposed,which focuses the deep crust structure, temporal variation of physical medium properties of North China around Bohai Sea using a seismic array. This seismic array consists of hundreds of on-shore mobile wideband seismographs. In this project, a new active seismic survey technique named coding seismology will be introduced and several air-guns are used as the main seismic sources in Bohai bay.",
        "keywords": [
            "seismic array",
            "geodynamics",
            "scientific project",
            "North China",
            "active seismic survey"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "1)1)Institute of Geophysics, CEA, Beijing 2)Allied Geophysical Lab, University of Houston, Houston, TX77204-4231, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhou Huawei",
                "org": "1)1)Institute of Geophysics, CEA, Beijing 2)Allied Geophysical Lab, University of Houston, Houston, TX77204-4231, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": "1)1)Institute of Geophysics, CEA, Beijing 2)Allied Geophysical Lab, University of Houston, Houston, TX77204-4231, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Crustal Deformation and Earthquake",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "rhCXuSr2": {
        "id": "rhCXuSr2",
        "title": "Using Active Source to Monitor Velocity Variation in Shallow Sediment Caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake",
        "abstract": "Seismic velocity near the fault zone is sensitive to the stress state within that area.After the Wenchuan earthquake,in order to monitor the velocity variation near fault zone,we conducted a field experiment in the north edge of Longmenshan fault,which lasted three weeks since July 6.In the experiment,an electric hammer was used as a repeatable seismic source and the seismic signals were recorded by eight short period seismometers composed of Guralp 40T sensor and Reftek 130B digitizer.The digitizers were timing continuously with GPS to reduce timing error.We calculate the travel time variation by the combination of absolute time and cross correlation time-delay measurement.The fractal velocity variations were obtained from travel time measurement.Two prominent drops up to～2% were found,which were much more than the possible variation caused by barometric pressure change.We notice two moderate aftershocks with magnitude 4.9 and 4.7 occurring within 10km from the experiment field,when the two surface velocity drops showed up.We speculate the surface velocity drops may be caused by the coseismic effects of these two earthquakes.The theoretical calculation of the stress drop agrees with our measurement.",
        "keywords": [
            "Wenchuan earthquake Velocity variation Active source High precise measurement Coseismic effects"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wang Weitao",
                "org": " University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei ,China; Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Baoshan",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuan Songyong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Wei",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Yijin",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "v1SFvJ5s": {
        "id": "v1SFvJ5s",
        "title": "Process in precise measurement of seismic velocity variation by correlated detection",
        "abstract": "To monitor interior stress's variation which is variety by time is an effective approach of seismic physical forecast.This paper reviewed the results concerning the precise measurement of seismic velocity variation and application, discussed the principle and application of the correlated detection.Making use of active seismic source,recording seismic signal by survey disposal,and combining the seismology with communication science,using correlated detection can get rid of disturb and uncertainty factor.The approach can resolve the problem about precise measurement of seismic velocity,and offer method for seismic physical forecast.Our group carried out a field experiment to attain seismic signal by active source,and we received seismic wave by instruments on the same ray.This field experiment lasted on 30 days to detect the velocity variation of p wave,the precision of the velocity variation achieved to 1.00E-05.",
        "keywords": [
            "correlated detection",
            "interior stress",
            "velocity variation",
            "Seismic physical forecast"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LUO Gui-chun",
                "org": "1.Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-kui",
                "org": "2.Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-shan",
                "org": "2.Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HU Ping",
                "org": "1.Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "2.Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "OEvRoit0": {
        "id": "OEvRoit0",
        "title": "National geophysics infrastructure:significance and the task",
        "abstract": "It's briefly introduced the importance of national infrastructure in geophysical progress.Presently,it's urgent to construct \"National Geophysics Infrastructure\".The three primary tasks are discussed: fundamental geophysial exploration,fundamental geophysial detection and fundamental geophysics data sharing.National Geophysics Infrastructure can provide high-tech service for related scientific research framework.",
        "keywords": [
            "national geophysics infrastructure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "YU Sheng",
                "org": "Earth Division,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHU Ri-xiang",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHI Yao-lin",
                "org": "College of Earth Science,Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QIAO Sen",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Zhong-liang",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China;College of Earth Science,Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "nH027ryc": {
        "id": "nH027ryc",
        "title": "ShakeMap and application in ground-motion rapid estimation",
        "abstract": "ShakeMap is a collection of programs,largely written in PERL programming language.These programs are run sequentially to produce-ground motion maps as well as Web pages and pager/email notifications.In addition to PERL,maps are made using the GMT,and parametric and earthquake-specific data and mapping parameters are stored and queried via MySQL database.ShakeMap is designed to rapidly produce shaking and intensity maps for use by emergency response organizations,local,county,State and Government agencies,public and private companies and organizations,the media,and the general public.We will discuss how ShakeMap works and its possible potential applications by giving an example of Chifeng earthquake with MS5.9.Its limitation is also discussed.",
        "keywords": [
            "ShakeMap Ground-motion Intensity Map Google Earth"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Jun",
                "org": " University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei ,China; Earthquake Administration of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Su Feng",
                "org": " Colorado School of Mines,CO 80401,USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mi Hongliang",
                "org": " China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "8EksnaPk": {
        "id": "8EksnaPk",
        "title": "Estimating seismic attenuation using cross-correlation function",
        "abstract": "Different from the traditional method of estimating seismic attenuation based on the waveform of single event,we regarded a series of events as an equivalent one,and obtained seismic attenuation on the basis of cross-correlation function between source and signal recorded at distance.We performed a field experiment by the end of 2004,and based on the data of this experiment,we studied the amplitude degression and corresponding seismic attenuation factor of both single event waveform and cross-correlation function.It is found that,same as single event waveform,cross-correlation function could be used to assess the seismic attenuation.The results show:(1) Q of in-situ medium is about 40;(2) Amplitude degressions with distance of single event waveform and cross-correlation functions are much similar.",
        "keywords": [
            "Q value",
            "Cross-correlation function",
            "Seismic attenuation",
            "Spectral ratio"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XU Ping",
                "org": " Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-Shan",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Wei",
                "org": " Department of Earth Science of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIN Jian-Min",
                "org": " School of Earth and Space Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "eNcOd1p5": {
        "id": "eNcOd1p5",
        "title": "Study of Experiment and Simulation of Large Volume Air-gun in Deep Structures Exploration",
        "abstract": "Air-gun source has important applications as a new,environmentally friendly,green active source in the regional scale deep exploration.In the past,air-gun source was used mainly in small-scale high-resolution shallow oil exploration,lack of adequate research in deep exploration.In order to study the selection of work parameters and field conditions of air-gun source in deep exploration,this paper does the following work:① Analyze the characteristics of air-gun source using air-gun experiment.② Simulate air-gun signal and air-gun-array signal based on the theory of free bubble oscillation,analyze the influence of the bubble oscillation,study the wavelet energy and spectrum characteristics needed in deep exploration.③ On the basis of the theoretical simulation we study the influence of work parameter such as air-gun capacity,work stress and depth to air-gun signal.We analyze the influence of air-gun-array inspired moment and spacing of different air-gun to air-gun-array signal.④ Study energy reflection and transmission coefficient for different underwater interface.This is very useful for choosing a suitable field conditions.",
        "keywords": [
            "Air-gun Wavelet simulation Bubble effect Work parameter Field condition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tang Jie",
                "org": "School of Earth and Space Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Baoshan",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "kFbEsnM9": {
        "id": "kFbEsnM9",
        "title": "STUDY ON THE REGIONAL DEVIATION OF THE MACRO-SCOPIC EPICENTERS FROM RELEVANT EPICENTERS BY RAPID DETERMINATION IN CHINESE MAINLAND",
        "abstract": "The primary results have been obtained by the analyses on the deviation of macroscopic epicenters from relevant microscopic epicenters determined rapidly after the 139 earthquake events occurred during 1989—2004. Further study has proved the normal distributions exist in both the east and west parts of Chinese mainland divided along meridian 105°E. The empirical two-dimensional normal distribution functions for the deviations are presented in the paper. The results are of significance in reducing uncertainty of losses assessment immediately after a destroyed earthquake.",
        "keywords": [
            "macroscopic epicenter",
            "normal distribution",
            "Chinese mainland",
            "microscopic epicenter",
            "uncertainty"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liu Jifu",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China [KG*7]"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Xiaoqing",
                "org": " Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China [KG*7]"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huang Fuqiong",
                "org": " China Earthquake Netuork Center, Beijing , China [KG*3]"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "aeYrL4ez": {
        "id": "aeYrL4ez",
        "title": "Fired Models of Air Gun Source",
        "abstract": "Airgun is an important active seismic source. Because of the presence of theory about air gun array, the designed technique of air gun array become mature, so it is widely applied in petrolic exploration and geophysics. It is need for various combinations and fired models in order to adapt different fields. At present, there are two fired models of air gun source: strengthen the primary pulse and the bubble pulse. The fired time, space of guns, frequency, resolution of model one are different from model two. This comparison can supply the evidence for exploration.",
        "keywords": [
            "Airgun seismic source Airgun array Fired models Primary pulse Bubble pulse"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Luo Guichun",
                "org": " Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Baoshan",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hu Ping",
                "org": " Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mu Hongwang",
                "org": " Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "rqrR2TCe": {
        "id": "rqrR2TCe",
        "title": "A study on S wave and Poisson's ratio models in southern Yanshan uplift using seismic data generated by airguns in a water reservoir",
        "abstract": "The Poisson's ratio,an important parameter to understand the interior of the earth,can be determined uniquely from the ratio of P to S seismic wave velocity.But traditional seismic sources used in deep seismic sounding such as dynamite can not generate high energy S waves.We analysis the seismic data generated by airgun experiments taken in Shangguan water reservoir in 2006,find that,airguns in a water reservoir can generate high energy S waves,and the S waves are converted waves at the water-solid interface from P waves generated by the airgun source.The one-dimensional Poisson's ratio model of southern Yanshan uplift were got from S and P wave velocity models,which were derived by comparison of calculated synthetic seismograms with the recorded seismic data generated by airguns in Shangguan water reservoir.Our research indicate that: 1) The crustal thickness of the study area is 33 km.2) Poisson's ratio of the crust in the study area is lower than the average of the global.Poisson's ratio in the upper crust(0~14 km),middle crust(14~28 km),lower crust(28~33 km) and upper mantle(about 33 km) is 0.25,0.25,0.27,0.27,indicate that the composition of the upper and middle crust is felsic rocks,the composition of the lower crust and the upper mantle are mafic and intermediate rocks.3) The low velocity zones mainly caused by fluid both exist in the upper and lower crust in the study area.",
        "keywords": [
            "active seismic source",
            "Poisson's ratio",
            "Yanshan uplift",
            "S wave velocity model",
            "airgun"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Meng",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-shan",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Wei-tao",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Wei",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SONG Li-li",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIN Jian-min",
                "org": "Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-kui",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "SBYuECWz": {
        "id": "SBYuECWz",
        "title": "Application of Wavelet Decomposition to Remove Barometric and Tidal Response in Borehole Water Level",
        "abstract": "Wavelet decomposition is used to analyse barometric fluctuation and earth tidal response in borehole water level changes. We apply wavelet analysis method to decompose barometric fluctuation and earth tidal response into several temporal series in different frequency ranges. Barometric and tidal coefficient in different frequency ranges is computed with least-square method to remove barometric and tidal response. Comparing this with general linear regress analysis method, we find wavelet analysis method can efficiently remove barometric and earth tidal response in borehole water level. Wavelet analysis method is based on wave and shaking theory. It not only considers the frequency characteristics of the observed data but also the temporal characteristic, and it can get barometric and tidal coefficient in different frequency range. This method has definite physical meaning.",
        "keywords": [
            "Earth-tide coefficients",
            "Wavelet decomposition Least-Square method Earth-tide coefficient and Barometric coefficient",
            "Barometric coefficients",
            "Wavelet decomposition",
            "Least squares method"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Rui",
                "org": " Institute of Earthquake Science, Beijing , China; China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huang Fuqiong",
                "org": " China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "Rx9t03Rn": {
        "id": "Rx9t03Rn",
        "title": "Characters of large volume air-gun source excitation",
        "abstract": "Large volume air-gun excited in a reservoir has been demonstrated successfully as an effective and feasible seismic source.In order to improve its efficiency further, the excitation characters of a 2000 in~3 air-gun were studied in a field experiment in a reservoir.Based on the records from near-field hydrophones and far-field seismographs, the dependence of the signature on the gun parameters including gun depth and firing pressure was analyzed.The results showed that;(1) pressure pulses were little affected by gun depth, its dominant frequency changed little with gun depth;(2) the dominant frequency of bubble pulses changed from 5Hz to 7Hz when the gun depth changed from 5m to 11m;(3) the energy of pressure pulses increased with firing pressure, but the dominant frequency of bubble pulses decreased.Low frequency signal fit for subsurface exploration in large scale is mainly created by the bubble oscillation, because of its complexity, a succinct Mathematical and Physical model was applied to explain the process.",
        "keywords": [
            "Wavelet characters",
            "Reservoir",
            "Large volume air-gun",
            "Excitation condition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIN Jian-Min",
                "org": " Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-Shan",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-Kui",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Ping",
                "org": " Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "AcE9YUIR": {
        "id": "AcE9YUIR",
        "title": "Study on large volume airgun source characteristics and seismic phase analysis",
        "abstract": "A field experiment using large volume airgun source was conducted in an onshore reservoir. The characteristics of the waveform and its propogation has been studied. The result shows that large airgun source excited in reservoir environment is rich in low frequencies (<10 Hz), and is effective to produce waves with long-offset and deep crustal penetration. The airgun signal was detected all along the line of the largest offset equal to 185km, seismic phases Pg, Pc, P2, PmP and Pn have been picked successfully, based on which 1-D forward modeling of deep crustal structure has been conducted and the low-velocity layer of crust-mantle transition zone has been discussed. Further more, airgun source has good repeatability and is effective to produce S wave, it has been proved to be an effective artificial source on land to provide wide-angle and long-offset recording to study deep crustal structure.",
        "keywords": [
            "Reservoir",
            "Phase analysis",
            "Large airgun source",
            "Deep crustal structure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIN Jian-Min",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-Shan",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-Kui",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "TANG Jie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Xian-Kang",
                "org": " Research Center of Exploration Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Zhengzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "kunr3UJY": {
        "id": "kunr3UJY",
        "title": "Study on Volume Strain Version from Water Level Change of Well-aquifer System",
        "abstract": "Based on the linear poroelastic and hydrogeology theory, mathematical express between water level change and aquifer volume strain is given. Combined with earth tidal theory,the authors analyzed the response characteristics from well-aquifer water level change to earth tide of volume strain and gave out the method of volume strain reversion from water level change. Compared the results of version with real observed data, the authors found that there is a good accordance. This suggests that the method of volume strain version from water level change is proper. It will offer a reference for understanding about hydrogeology characteristics, volume strain and searching for precursor anomalies.",
        "keywords": [
            "Well-aquifer system Water lever tide Volume strain Reversion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Rui",
                "org": " China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing , China; Institute of Earthquake Science, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gao Fuwang",
                "org": " Institute of Earthquake Science, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "JQiVj0dj": {
        "id": "JQiVj0dj",
        "title": "Proposed of Transmitted Seismic Stations",
        "abstract": "There are many seismographic stations in the world,that receive seismic waves generated by earthquakes.We proposed the establishment of a new type of seismic station,which continuously transmits seismic waves with artificial source.By use of seismic wave generated by the transmitted stations we can obtain the image of deep Earth.The key problem of the transmitted station is to find the suitable artificial seismic source: powerful,green and clear sources.With the development of air-gun technique and information theory,it is possible now to obtain the image of a 100 000 km2 in spatial coverage and 40 km in depth(deep to Moho) by use of the transmitted seismic stations.",
        "keywords": [
            "Air-gun in land.",
            "Image of deep Earth",
            "100 000 km2",
            "Transmitted station"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-shan",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-kui",
                "org": "Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Ping",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics Administration,CAS,Beijing ,China;Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Wei",
                "org": "Deportment of Geoscience,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advances in Earth Science",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "I8tcYaD8": {
        "id": "I8tcYaD8",
        "title": "GPS measurements and tectonics activity simulation of present-day crustal deformation in China's capital region",
        "abstract": "An accurate crustal deformation field is derived from repeat surveys of 280 GPS stations during 1992-2004 in China's capital region. It shows that the horizontal rate relative to stable Euro-Asia plate ranges from 4 mm/a in the north to 9 mm/a in the south. Boundary element method (BEM) and displacement discontinuity method (DDM) are used to establish a 3D faults construction of the capital region. The faults slip is calculated and the displacement of GPS sites is simulated in a linear-elastic, homogeneous and isotropic half-space. Consequently, the quasi-static displacement, strain and stress fields of main active fault surfaces and profiles in earth's surface, 15 km and 25 km underground in capital region are computed. The results indicate that the difference of GPS measurements and simulations is 0. 68 mm and 0.77 mm along NS and EW, respectively. The tectonics activities of main faults are weaker during 1992-2004. The profile strain is proportional to the depth underground.",
        "keywords": [
            "Boundary element method",
            "Capital region",
            "Displacement discontinuity method",
            "GPS",
            "Tectonics activity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Qiao",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaomin Yang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wuhan Daxue Xuebao (Xinxi Kexue Ban)/ Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "5bWqNddC": {
        "id": "5bWqNddC",
        "title": "Study on the regional deviation of the mac-roscopic epicenters from relevant epicenters by rapid determination in Chinese mainland",
        "abstract": "The primary results have been obtained by the analyses on the deviation of macroscopic epicenters from relevant microscopic epicenters determined rapidly after the 139 earthquake events occurred during 1989~2004. Further study has proved the normal distributions exist in both the east and west parts of Chinese mainland partitioned along meridian 105°E. The empirical two-dimensional normal distribution functions for the deviations are pre-sented in the paper. The results are of significance in reducing uncertainty of losses assessment immediately after a destroyed earthquake.",
        "keywords": [
            "macroscopic epicenter",
            "Chinese mainland",
            "regional two-dimensional normal distribution",
            "microscopic epicenter",
            "uncertainty"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Ji-fu",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-qing",
                "org": " Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUANG Fu-qiong",
                "org": " China Earthquake Network Center, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "地震学报(英文版)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "55o7U1zL": {
        "id": "55o7U1zL",
        "title": "Site conditions and amplification based on topographic slope",
        "abstract": "Site correction map derived from the slope of the topography is often well correlatedwith other independently-derived,regional-scale site-condition maps,but the latter maps vary inquality and continuity,and subsequently,also in their ability to match observed V3S0 measurementscontained therein(Wald et al,2007).This method has good application in the USA,as well asin Taiwan,Italy,and Australia.This paper elaborates on the theory and the method of generatingshear-wave velocity maps and site correction amplification based on topographic slope,and studiesthe application in the 2008 Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake.",
        "keywords": [
            "Topographic slope Shear-wave velocity Ground motion Site correction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Jun",
                "org": " University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei ,China; Earthquake Administration of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Jianxiong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administrator,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "UkHLIg2N": {
        "id": "UkHLIg2N",
        "title": "GEO-BM:Significance and Possibility",
        "abstract": "Earthquakes can be regarded as the lamp that sheds lights on the structure and internal processes of the Earth.To utilize the earthquake,we are faced with some problems as poorly determined location and origin time as well as the clustered distribution of seismic zones.Using active sources we can detect the structure and its evolution for a specified region,this process is quite similar with the brightness mode used in medi- cal diagnosis,so we call it GEO-BM.The paper discusses its significance and possibility.And based on data analysis of recent active source-seismic experiments,we regard the Airgun source as an ideal source for the performance of GEO-BM.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wu Zhongliang",
                "org": ",Associate Professor:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": ",Associate Professor:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": ",Associate Professor:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ouyang biao",
                "org": ",Associate Professor:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Baoshan",
                "org": ",Associate Professor:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "wPsrYcBS": {
        "id": "wPsrYcBS",
        "title": "Using information of airgun to contract the low velocity zone in crustal in North China",
        "abstract": "The low velocity zone is a mechanical weak band in the crust,which plays an important role in breeding of earthquakes.Artifical detection and nature earthquake tomography both show that low velocity layers exist in different depths in North China.We analyzed the high-resolution data detected by large volume airgun source in North China in order to put further constraint on the properties of the low velocity layers there.We found the following main characteristics in airgun data:firstly,apparent velocity of the direct P-wave's is approximately 6km/s,which could be traced upto nearly 70km;secondly,the PmP phase which reflected from Moho begin to appear as strong phases from 50km;thirdly,the PmP phase at 150km is 2s lag of the Pg phase.All these features show that the low velocity layer exist in the crust in this area.We use synthetic seismograms to forward modeling waveform to fit the observed data.The results showed that synthetic seismograms can not only explain the travel time of various seismic phases,but also obtain the amplitude ratio of PmP and Pg.The results of our modeling include:① the average thickness of crust in this area is 33km;② there exists a low velocity layer in both the upper and lower crust in this region.By comparing the heat and magnetotelluric data,we conclude that the low velocity layers in the upper and lower crusts were caused by fluid and thermal effect respectively.",
        "keywords": [
            "Airgun source Theoretical seismogram Waveform fitting Low velocity zone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Jianxiong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Baoshan",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Jianmin",
                "org": " Institute of Marine Science,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake Research in China",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "58g4xULZ": {
        "id": "58g4xULZ",
        "title": "Earthquake-generated tsunamsi: their physics, monitoring and warning",
        "abstract": "An earthquake-generated tsunami results from the interaction between the solid layer (lithosphere or crust) and the liquid layer (ocean) near the surface of the Earth. This article introduces the physics of such an interaction, discussing the size, energy, and propagation of earthquake\\|generated tsunamis. It is pointed out that one of the most important countermeasures for the prevention and mitigation of tsunami disasters is to establish a tsunami early warning system. The present problem that there are too many false alarms should be solved based on the understanding of the inter-layer interaction near the Earth′s surface.",
        "keywords": [
            "disaster",
            "earthquake generated tsunami",
            "earthquake"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " (Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing  , China)"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "C5qdQ3dH": {
        "id": "C5qdQ3dH",
        "title": "Progress in earth's deep structures exploration by air gun source",
        "abstract": "This paper reviews the history of air gun source,analyzes the work principles,fire parameters,capability indexes,and introduces the latest development of air gun.Because of advantages,air gun has become one of new active earthquake sources that is rising,environmental,green,so it is widely applied in geophysics.There are some successful cases,such as LARSE and SIGHT project,and the onshore-offshore seismic prospect in NE South China Sea,all of these plans made use of air gun.The discussion about the chamber volumes,frequency,optimum depth,aimed on the application of air gun in geophysics.",
        "keywords": [
            "air gun array",
            "optimum depth",
            "air gun source",
            "fire frequency"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LUO Gui-chun",
                "org": " Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-shan",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Hong-kui",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "H8ZEmdLT": {
        "id": "H8ZEmdLT",
        "title": "Search for deep slab segments under Alaska",
        "abstract": "The evolution of the northeastern Pacific Basin is very complicated, featured by many ancient plates, microplates, ridge subduction and a series of slab windows. In this work, we collected 15,804 teleseismic arrival times from original seismograms of 889 distant earthquakes to determine a three-dimensional P-wave velocity structure down to 700 km depth beneath Alaska using a local and teleseismic joint inversion method. Our results show that the Pacific slab imaged as high-velocity (high-V) anomalies is subducting down to 300–400 km depth and it becomes deeper westwards under south-central and western Alaska. While in eastern Alaska, the Pacific slab is visible down to only about 90 km depth. Beneath western Alaska, high-V anomalies at 400–600 km depths are revealed, which represent the extinct Kula plate, and a gap between the subducted Pacific slab and the Kula slab is considered to represent the ancient Kula–Pacific spreading center. In southeastern Alaska, a large low-velocity (low-V) anomaly is found, which may reflect the upwelling mantle in the Pacific–Juan de Fuca slab window near the subducted edge of the Pacific plate. Our results support the existence of the Pacific–Juan de Fuca slab window suggested by the previous studies. Keywords Seismic tomography Subduction zone Kula plate Ridge subduction Slab window 1 Introduction The present study area, the Alaska region, is located north of the northeastern Pacific Basin. The Pacific plate subducts northwestwards beneath south-central Alaska at a rate of about 54 mm/year ( Brocher et al., 1994 ). This motion is accommodated by orthogonal underthrusting along the Aleutian megathrust system to the west and the Pamplona fault zone, and by dextral oblique strike slip along the Fairweather–Queen Charlotte transform fault system to the east ( Atwater, 1970; Plafker et al., 1978, 1994 ) ( Fig. 1 ). So far several studies have been made to determine the 3D seismic structure of the crust and upper mantle under Alaska (e.g., Kissling and Lahr, 1991; Zhao et al., 1995; Eberhart-Phillips et al., 2006 ), which revealed high-V anomalies corresponding to the subducting Pacific slab and low-V anomalies in the mantle wedge under the active arc volcanoes. However, these studies are limited to 140–190 km depths because only local and regional earthquakes were used, so the deep structure of the subducting slab could not be determined. Searcy (1996) used teleseismic data and showed that the high-V slab extends not deeper than 250 km depth. But her study area is mainly focused on the south-central Alaska. During the last decade global tomography studies have profoundly improved our understanding of the deep Earth structure, which have revealed many consumed plates that sank gradually in the mantle. For example, the Mesozoic (about 80 Ma ago) Kula and Farallon slabs are well imaged in the lower mantle in both P-wave and S-wave tomographic models ( Grand et al., 1997; Bijwaard et al., 1998; Bunge and Grand, 2000; Zhao, 2004 ). However, the global tomographic studies do not have sufficient resolution to discern the detailed geometry of the subducted slab under Alaska. Recently, Ren et al. (2007) made a tomographic study on the lower mantle beneath the Americas and interpreted their results based on the plate history reconstruction. However, they only used the data with turning rays in the lower mantle, which are appropriate to identify fragments of subducted lithospheric plates in the lower mantle. For determining the upper mantle structure, teleseismic tomography is a better choice. The studies made so far have not provided good constraints on the deep slab structure beneath Alaska. In this study, we have collected a great number of teleseismic arrival times from original seismograms and determined the 3D P-wave velocity structure down to 700 km depth by conducting a joint tomographic inversion of regional and teleseismic data. Our results show many new features in the upper mantle structure beneath Alaska. 2 Plate evolution of northern Pacific Basin Studies of marine magnetic lineations and fracture zones revealed the existence of three major oceanic plates in the northern Pacific Basin: the Kula, the Farallon, and the Pacific plates ( Atwater, 1970 ). In particular, the Great Magnetic Bight ( Elvers et al., 1967 ) currently located in the Gulf of Alaska, is the most compelling evidence for these three plates. This bight is a series of Y-shaped magnetic lineations and is inferred to have formed by the Pacific–Kula–Farallon triple junction. Many studies of paleomagnetic or paleogeographic reconstructions investigated the evolution of these three plates and their relations to the North America plate (e.g., Engebretson et al., 1985 , based on the fixed hotspots; Stock and Molnar, 1988 , based on global plate-circuit). Here we briefly summarize their evolutions in late Cretaceous and the Cenozoic era in the northern Pacific Basin for providing a basis for the following discussion of our tomographic results. In early Cretaceous, there were three oceanic plates active in the northern Pacific Basin, including the Farallon, the Pacific, and the Izanagi plates ( Woods and Davies, 1982 ) ( Fig. 2 d ). Whereas, at ∼85 Ma the Kula plate broke from the ancestral Farallon plate ( Woods and Davies, 1982 ) and moved rapidly northward with allochthonous terranes across the northern Pacific Basin ( Debiche et al., 1987 ) ( Fig. 2 c). The Kula plate has often been considered as the driver of northward terrane motions ( Engebretson et al., 1985 ). During 74–43 Ma the Pacific plate moved rapidly northwestward, parallel to the Emperor Chain ( Fig. 2 b). At 43 Ma, the Pacific–Kula spreading center was assumed to have died and the old Kula plate became part of the Pacific plate and moved with the latter together ( Fig. 2 a). The cessation of Kula–Pacific spreading coincides with a major change in Pacific-plate rotation at 43 Ma ( Engebretson et al., 1985; Lonsdale, 1988 ), which is recorded by the elbow in the Emperor-Hawaiian hotspot chain. From 43 Ma to the present, the Pacific plate moved rapidly and approximately parallel to the coastline of southeastern Alaska. Then at ∼20 Ma the abandoned Pacific-Kula ridge arrived at the Aleutian trench ( Sdrolias and Müller, 2006 ). Based on onshore geologic record, however, Haeussler et al. (2003) suggested that an additional oceanic plate, called “the Resurrection plate”, was located east of the Kula plate and north of the Farallon plate in the Pacific Basin and was completely subducted by 50 Ma, synchronous with two slab windows associated with trench–ridge–trench (TRT) triple junctions in Paleocene–Eocene time. The existence of the Resurrection plate can satisfactorily explain the presence of coeval near-trench magmatism of two areas separated by >4000 km. Subduction of the Resurrection plate initiated the Fairweather–Queen Charlotte transform fault system ( Haeussler et al., 2003 ). Recently, to best account for the forearc magmatic record of western North America, Madsen et al. (2006) constructed a new tectonic model from 53 Ma to present. In their model, they added a second “additional” plate into the Pacific Basin besides the Resurrection plate, and named it “the Eshamy plate”. Thus this region is very complicated with many plates, microplates, triple junctions, ridge subducion and a series of slab windows. 3 Data and methods To determine the deep velocity structure in the study area, 15,804 first P arrivals from 889 teleseismic events were picked manually from original seismograms by the first author. All the waveform data were downloaded from the IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) web site. These data were recorded by 78 permanent and portable stations during different periods from June 1999 to September 2006 ( Fig. 1 ). About 3/4 of the data were recorded by the stations that belong to AK (Alaska Regional Seismic Network) and XE (the portable BEAAR IRIS/PASSCAL network). Fig. 3 shows the geographic locations of the 889 teleseismic events we selected. Among them, 669 events occurred before 2005 were relocated by Dr. Engdahl with the location procedure of Engdahl et al. (1998) . These events have epicentral distances of 30–90° and magnitudes larger than M 5.5. Only the events recorded by more than seven stations were selected. We can see that the selected events have a nearly complete azimuthal coverage. More ray paths come from the southwest. The distribution of the teleseismic rays used in this study is shown in Fig. 4 . Relative travel-time residuals from the teleseismic events were adopted in the tomographic inversion, which were formed for each event by subtracting the event's mean residual from the raw residuals ( Zhao and Hasegawa, 1994; Zhao et al., 1994 ). Theoretical arrival times were calculated by using the iasp91 Earth model ( Kennett and Engdahl, 1991 ). The advantage of using relative residuals is that the effects of errors in the hypocenter parameters and the velocity heterogeneities outside the study area can be reduced significantly. Taking advantage of the well-correlated teleseismic waveform characteristics between stations, we can easily pick the same peaks or troughs in the waveforms around the onsets and thus can substantially minimize the reading errors. The picking accuracy is estimated to be 0.1 s for most of the teleseismic data. Most of the relative travel time residuals are between −2 and +2 s. Teleseismic tomography cannot determine the 3D crustal structure well because the teleseismic rays arrive at stations nearly vertically and so the rays do not crisscross near the surface (see Fig. 4 ). In addition, neglecting crustal contribution in teleseismic tomography may erroneously map crustal anomalies into the upper mantle ( Waldhauser et al., 2002 ). There are two ways to resolve these problems. One is to add local and regional seismic rays which propagate mainly horizontally and crisscross well with the vertical teleseismic rays in the shallow area, so both the shallow and deep structures can be determined ( Zhao et al., 1994 ). The other way is to correct the observed teleseismic residuals for the effects of the heterogeneous shallow structure using a local a priori 3D crustal model (e.g., Lippitsch et al., 2003; Lei and Zhao, 2005 ). In Alaska, Zhao et al. (1995) obtained a 3D P-wave velocity structure down to 190 km depth. In this study, we added more data and used a total of 438,146 P-wave arrivals from 10,900 local and regional earthquakes recorded by the AEIC (Alaska Earthquake Information Center) seismic network in Alaska to improve the constraint for the shallow structure. However, when the second strategy is adopted, the images obtained will vary significantly depending on whether grid mesh layers are set up in the crust or not. In fact, the effect of the crustal structure only accounts for about 25% of the observed travel time residuals, suggesting that the estimated 3D crustal structure is not good enough to explain the residuals generated by the heterogeneous shallow structure, and most residuals are erroneously brought into the deep structure. Therefore, we still used a joint inversion approach to determine the deep velocity structure by using the data from local, regional and teleseismic events simultaneously ( Zhao et al., 1994 ). In this approach, a 3D grid was set up in the study area. The velocity perturbations from the 1D iasp91 Earth model ( Kennett and Engdahl, 1991 ) at the grid nodes were taken as unknown parameters. The velocity perturbation at any point in the model was calculated by interpolating the velocity perturbations at the eight grid nodes surrounding that point. A 3D ray tracing technique was used to compute travel times and ray paths ( Zhao et al., 1992 ). Since the present study area is very close to the North Pole, in this study we used an irregular grid parameterization to express the velocity model instead of the conventional regular grid parameterization in previous tomographic studies. In this model the number of grid nodes increases from north to south so that the spacing between grid nodes is approximately the same in the longitude direction (see Fig. 5 ). The large and sparse system of observation equations that relate the observed data to the unknown velocity parameters was resolved by using a conjugate-gradient algorithm ( Paige and Saunders, 1982 ) with damping and smoothing regulations ( Zhao, 2001, 2004 ). We made detailed analyses of the trade-off between data variance reduction and model norm and selected the final 3D velocity model based on the result of the trade-off analyses. The station elevations were also taken into account in the 3D ray tracing and inversion. 4 Analysis and results According to the distributions of events and stations used in this study, the region in the longitude range of 170–135°W, latitude range of 50–72°N ( Fig. 5 ), and depth range of 0–700 km is taken as the model space. Horizontal mesh layers are set about every 25 km in the shallow 200 km depth and every 50 km below 200 km depth. 4.1 Relative travel time residuals Distribution of average relative residuals at each of the stations can help to obtain a primary understanding of the lateral heterogeneity under the study region (e.g., Zhao and Hasegawa, 1994; Zhao et al., 2006 ). In Fig. 6 , large early arrivals at stations in southwestern Alaska are coincident with the areas where the geometry of the subducting Pacific slab is understood relatively well, and the down-going slab with some dip angle and width has a larger effect on the teleseismic residuals than the low-V mantle wedge overlying the slab. Large to moderate delayed arrivals are visible in northern and southeastern Alaska, suggesting that relatively slow anomalies or weak slab effect are dominant in the plate boundary between the Pacific plate and the North America plate east of the Alaska Gulf. In the inset map of Fig. 6 , which shows the teleseismic residuals at the stations belonging to the BEAAR (Broadband experiment across the Alaska range) network, the arrivals at southern stations appear earlier than those at most of the northern stations, which reflect the high-V anomalies associated with the subducting Pacific slab in the south and low-V anomalies in the mantle wedge under the northern stations as imaged by the earlier geophysical studies ( Zhao et al., 1995; Ferris et al., 2003; Eberhart-Phillips et al., 2006 ). We also made further analyses following the approach of Zhao and Hasegawa (1994) to investigate the lateral heterogeneity by dividing the events into source quadrants according to the azimuth of the hypocenters from the network. We calculated the mean relative residuals for four quadrants: NE (0, 90); SE (90, 180); SW (180, 270); NW (270, 360). The distributions of the mean residuals at the stations for the four source quadrants are shown in Fig. 7 . The main patterns in the four quadrants are very similar to those averaged for all the events ( Fig. 6 ), but small differences in each quadrant can reveal more detailed information. In comparison with the relative residuals for the events from the NW quadrant ( Fig. 7 a), those from the SE quadrant ( Fig. 7 d) display more delays at the stations in Alaska Peninsula. This is because the rays from the NW direction to the stations in Alaska Peninsula travel longer within the subducting Pacific slab than the rays from the SE direction which pass more perpendicularly across the subducting slab. Similarly, in central Alaska, the northward subduction of the Pacific slab causes the relative residuals at the southern stations from the NW and NE quadrants earlier than those from the SW and SE quadrants. At the northern stations, the rays from south direction pass across part of the subducting slab, resulting in the rays to the stations faster than those from north direction which mainly pass across the low-V mantle wedge. 4.2 Resolution analysis Resolution tests of the resulting 3D model are very important before discussing the results of the tomographic inversion. The checkerboard resolution test ( Humphreys and Clayton, 1988; Zhao et al., 1992 ) is used to investigate the reliability of the inversion. Our test results show that the resolution scale in most parts of our model is in the range of 0.5–1°. In the shallow part the resolution is about 0.25° owing to the abundant data. A grid separation of 0.5° is found to be proper and is adopted in the final grid setting for this joint inversion. To further confirm the reliability of some specific anomalies, synthetic resolution tests and restoring resolution tests (RRT, Zhao et al., 1992 ) were also performed. In these tests synthetic data are first calculated from the synthetic models or input models using the event and station set from the true data. Then the synthetic data are inverted by using the same parameters as applied to the real data set to get the output models. By comparing the input and output models, the model resolution or some concerned anomalies in the model can be judged. The difference between the two tests is that the input model of the synthetic test is a specific model, while that in a RRT is generally the inverted 3D model obtained by the real data set. Some examples of the synthetic resolution test and the RRT are shown in Fig. 8 a, b, d and e , respectively. Random errors in a normal distribution with a standard deviation of 0.1 s are added to arrival times calculated for the synthetic models. We also draw the distribution of hit counts (number of rays passing through each grid node) for every layers (see Fig. 8 c and f) and every cross sections (see Fig. 9 c and f ) for further judgments of our results. The distribution of hit counts in cross sections is calculated by interpolation, the same as the P-wave image in cross sections. 5 Discussion Our final model is shown in Fig. 10 with the P-wave velocity perturbations in horizontal planes. Earthquakes occurred within 20 km depth range from the slices are shown in each layer. The velocity perturbation is calculated from the average of the inverted velocity values in each layer. Several vertical cross sections across different areas are shown in Fig. 11 . Earthquakes within a 20 km width from the cross sections are shown to depict the seismic portion of the subducting Pacific slab. 5.1 The Pacific slab In the plan views, the most prominent feature in the images is the high-V anomalies associated with the subducting Pacific slab under the western and central Alaska ( Fig. 10 ). According to the coherent geometry at different layers, the Pacific slab is assumed to be subducted down to 300–400 km depth and becomes deeper westwards, which is in accord with the depth variation of the seismically defined slab ( Gudmundsson and Sambridge, 1998 ) ( Fig. 12 ). Similar results can be found in other tomographic studies. Frederiksen et al. (2001) suggested that the Pacific slab subducts down to 150–350 km depth beneath central Alaska. Searcy (1996) found that the high-V slab extends not deeper than 250 km under central Alaska. To the west of the study area, earlier tomographic studies for the upper mantle structure beneath parts of the Aleutian islands have been conducted by Engdahl and Gubbins (1987) and Abers (1994) . Engdahl and Gubbins (1987) suggested that the subducted slab beneath the central Aleutian Islands extends well below the deepest seismicity to reach a depth of about 400 km, the same as our results beneath western Alaska. Fig. 11 a and b shows vertical cross sections for the subducting Pacific slab. Note that the width of the slab is improperly thick due to the relatively few teleseismic data and the large grid spacings adopted for inversion. Actually, many of global seismic tomography studies yield more blurred images. Thus in the present paper we are only interested in the existence of the slabs. In addition, in the vertical cross sections the width of the high-V anomaly in the shallow part is very thin (e.g., see Fig. 11 b) partly because denser grid nodes are placed there considering the abundant local rays passing through the crust and shallow mantle. Particularly in the cross section through south-central Alaska ( Fig. 11 c), most of the earthquakes occurred in a thick low-V zone at the top of the subducting high-V slab. This obvious thick low-V zone has also been confirmed by many other studies (e.g., Ferris et al., 2003; Rondenay et al., 2004; Eberhart-Phillips et al., 2006 ) and is assumed to be the oceanic crust plus an overlying serpentinized wedge mantle and the coupled Yakutat terrane ( Fig. 1 ). 5.2 Fossil Kula–Pacific spreading ridge Our results show that beneath western Alaska some high-V anomalies exist in the range of 400–600 km depth ( Fig. 10 ). Restoring resolution tests ( Fig. 8 d and e) show that the high-V feature is reliable ( Figs. 8, 9 ). Paleogeographic studies show that the Kula plate was captured by the Pacific plate by 43 Ma after the cease of the Kula–Pacific spreading ridge and subsequent motion of the Kula plate was the same as that of the Pacific plate ( Engebretson et al., 1985; Lonsdale, 1988 ). Strictly speaking, however, both of the dead Kula plate and the original Pacific plate are all called the Pacific plate after 43 Ma, which means that the Pacific slab should extend to a great depth. However, despite the spreading center is dead, the two plates defining the former ridge may continue to separate as they subduct ( Uyeda and Miyashiro, 1974 ), allowing upward flow of asthenosphere to fill up the gap. From this viewpoint, we consider that the high-V anomalies below 400 km depth in western Alaska ( Fig. 10 ) mostly likely indicate the presence of the remnant Kula plate and most of it has detached and foundered into the mantle progressively. Fig. 11 b shows a cross-section across the western region with enough ray paths, which clearly shows that the Pacific slab is subducting down to a depth of 400–450 km, and another prominent high-V anomaly exists under it and there is a gap between them. For further testing the reliability of the image, we firstly drew hit count cross section through the same region. Fig. 9 c shows that the significant gap is close to the region with no or few ray paths indicated by light colors. If a continuous slab is across a region with no ray paths, an artificial gap might be imaged and induce wrong interpretation. Thus we introduced a slab at the same location as the real slab and gap with a velocity 2% higher than its surroundings and a width of ∼100 km for a synthetic test as shown in Fig. 9 a. The reconstructed image as shown in Fig. 9 b indicates that the synthetic slab is recovered correctly and the gap is a reliable feature. Note that in the test only the teleseismic data were used because we are interested in the deep part, so the shallow slab feature cannot be obtained because of the poor ray path crisscrossing. Beneath the Bering Sea a similar image of a horizontal slab that spreads widely beneath the presently subducting Aleutian slab was obtained by Gorbatov et al. (2000) . They assumed that the horizontal slab widely spreading beneath the Bering Sea is the remnant Kula slab, and the significant gap between the horizontal slab and the down-dipping Aleutian slab is the slab window created by subduction of the ridge between the Kula and Pacific plates ( Gorbatov et al., 2000 ). A slab window is a slab-free region beneath the convergent margin of an overriding plate and is a consequence of a spreading center interacting with a subduction zone ( Dickinson and Snyder, 1979; Thorkelson, 1996 ). The gap in this vertical cross section ( Fig. 11 b) may also be a slab widow associated with the fossil Kula–Pacific spreading ridge. The age of the subducted oceanic lithosphere at the eastern Aleutian trench presently ranges from 60 to 35 Ma. The crust being subducted was formed by E–W Kula–Pacific spreading in the west ( Lonsdale, 1988 ) and N–S Pacific-Farallon spreading in the east ( Engebretson et al., 1985 ). As noted above, the Kula plate lost its separate identity at 43 Ma by fusing with the Pacific plate while most of the Kula–Pacific boundary was still far from the trench. If the extinct spreading ridge arrived at the central Aleutians later at approximately 20 Ma and the eastern sections of the Aleutian trench after 15 Ma ( Sdrolias and Müller, 2006 ), the length of the subducted extinct Kula–Pacific ridge can be determined by using some plate motion models. Firstly, we adopted the motions of oceanic plates relative to North America plate at selected sites by Engebretson et al. (1985) . In the direction parallel to the strike of the profile in Fig. 11 b, 450–700 km oceanic lithosphere has been subducted following the extinct ridge in sites of the Eastern Aleutian Arc and the Kodiak Island. Then we used the results of Sdrolias and Müller (2006) , who suggested that the abandoned spreading center advanced 550–750 km from the region close to the Kodiak Island along the profile. The length of the high-V anomaly above the gap in Fig. 11 b is about 750–800 km, just falling into the calculated range. Thus we speculate that the distinct gap between the two high-V anomalies marks the location of the ancient Kula–Pacific spreading ridge, and the high-V anomalies under western Alaska in the range of 400–600 km depth represent the extinct Kula plate. 5.3 Eastern edge of the Pacific plate Under eastern Alaska, there is no high-V anomaly associated with the subducting Pacific slab, accompanied with no clear dipping seismic plane ( Fig. 10 ). To confirm the reliability of the results, we introduced a slab into the model in the synthetic resolution test based on the tomographic study in Alaska by Zhao et al. (1995) (see Fig. 6 in Zhao et al., 1995 ). The initial slab thickness is 50 km, and the initial slab velocity is 2% higher than that of normal mantle and 200 km shift downwards as a whole. Fig. 8 a and b presents the input model and the output model at 400 km depth, where the central and eastern Alaska lies in the best-resolved section of our model and the sampling of ray paths is good ( Fig. 8 c). Although the width of the synthetic slab is small, the slab can be recovered. That is, if a slab exists, it can be imaged in our results. In the cross sections across eastern Alaska in Fig. 11 (d–f) our results give more prominent images, indicating that the high-V slab does not extend deeper than 90 km depth and the seismicity is located solely within the high-V anomaly and ends abruptly at the strong gradient in P-wave velocity. To understand the seismic structure in this region, the evolution of the ancient plates should be considered. The region has experienced continuous tectonic activity since the Cretaceous. The Kula plate moved rapidly to the north up to the Middle Eocene ( Atwater, 1989; Engebretson et al., 1985 ). Then the capture of the Kula plate by the Pacific plate made this boundary low angle, highly oblique subduction and strike-slip deformation. Much of the late Cenozoic motion between the Pacific and North American plates has been taken up along the Fairweather–Queen Charlotte fault system ( Carlson et al., 1988 ). However, the depth and configuration of the slab are poorly constrained in the previous studies, due to the decline in the Wadati–Benioff zone seismicity east of 145°W ( Stephens et al., 1984; Page et al., 1989 ). In addition, the collision of the Yakutat block ( Plafker, 1987 ) made the slab geometry in this region more complicated. Some plate motion models predict that there is a discrepancy of up to 20° along the Queen Charlotte Margin between the strike of the Queen Charlotte fault and the direction of relative motion between the Pacific and North American plates. Smith et al. (2003) concluded that most of the convergence is accommodated by underthrusting of the Pacific plate beneath the Queen Charlotte Islands. They suggested that an underthrust plate model with at least 80 km of underthrusting is favored that accommodates convergence through deformation, which is very similar to our results. Our images are also supported by the quantitative geometric plate-tectonic model of Madsen et al. (2006) . In Fig. 12 their present-day tectonic model is superimposed into the northwestern North America map. They suggested that a small amount of Pacific plate has subducted below the Queen Charlotte transform fault to the west and the subducted Explorer plate or the subducted Juan de Fuca plate to the south defines a large slab window extending below northern British Columbia and Yukon (the Pacific–Juan de Fuca slab window, a region half-enclosed by white dashed lines in Fig. 12 ). Thus the regions where the high-V slab “disappeared” may indicate the boundary of the slab window. 5.4 The upwelling low-V anomaly The most prominent image with a low-V upwelling feature in terms of the slab window is shown in a cross section across southeastern Alaska ( Fig. 11 f). In southeastern Alaska, a low-V area is featured in many of the horizontal velocity maps ( Fig. 10 ). Relative travel-time residual analyses also show large to moderate delayed arrivals in this area ( Fig. 6 ). For confirming this upwelling feature, a synthetic test and hit counts cross section are shown in Fig. 9 d, e and f, respectively. Although there are not many ray paths in this area ( Fig. 9 f), the introduced low-V anomaly is recovered well. This feature is also visible in other tomographic velocity models. The same feature that low velocities beneath the North American Cordillera can also be found in some global tomographic models (e.g., Grand, 1994; Bijwaard et al., 1998 ). In a regional tomographic study, Frederiksen et al. (1998) found a large low-V anomaly elongating northwest–southeast beneath the southern Yukon and northernmost British Columbia, dipping toward southwest, and reaching a depth of 450–500 km, which are also revealed in our results. Their preferred explanation for the low-V feature is a thermal anomaly resulting from the advective (forced) upflow produced by the opening of the B.C.-Yukon slab window ( Thorkelson and Taylor, 1989 ) beneath the northern Cordillera, not from the convective upflow that usually reflects the presence of a mantle plume. They also gave an alternative explanation that the low-V zone is dense downward-percolating partial melt generated by sub-orogenic heating, since basic partial melts may be denser than peridotite below 200 km depth (e.g., Stolper et al., 1981 ). This feature was also documented by an independent study based on surface wave data by Frederiksen et al. (2001) who found a strong low-V anomaly underlying the western portion of the Canadian Cordillera. They interpreted the low-V anomaly to be a warm mantle beneath the orogenic belt and its southern portion is likely influenced by the presence of partial melt, resulting from the emplacement of hot, young upper mantle during the Cordilleran orogenesis. The tectonic model made by Madsen et al. (2006) is useful to interpret this feature (see Fig. 12 ). The upwelling low-V anomaly near the ground surface is just located in the region associated with the slab window in Fig. 12 . Thus it is most likely the upwelling mantle in the Pacific–Juan de Fuca slab window near the subducted edge of the Pacific plate. 5.5 Other features It is interesting to note that in cross section D ( Fig. 11 d), a pronouncing high-V anomaly is located northeast of the subducting Pacific slab and is apart from it. The high-V anomaly is close to the flange of the subducted Pacific crust ( Fig. 12 ). It may be formed and foundered into the mantle as a segment of the Pacific crust because the crust was thermally eroded or torn away from the trench ( Madsen et al., 2006 ). In the deep horizontal layers in Fig. 10 there are many sporadic high-V anomalies, particularly in the vertical cross sections as shown in Fig. 11 e and g. It is difficult to explain them according to their geometries. However, the ancient Kula plate and the Resurrection and the Eshamy microplates, which were active during different eras ( Engebretson et al., 1985; Haeussler et al., 2003; Madsen et al., 2006 ), may be all responsible for these anomalies. The rapid subduction of the ancient Kula plate and many slab windows in this region would have completely disrupted any deep-rooted anomalies and some patches were left. Keeping these factors in mind, we interpret the high-V anomalies in deep layers ( Fig. 10 ) to reflect the presence of segments left by the ancient plates. Ren et al. (2007) discussed the fate of the subducted slabs in the lower mantle with comparison to episodes of the plate tectonic history. 6 Concluding remarks A 3D P-wave velocity structure down to a depth of 700 km beneath Alaska was obtained by using a local and teleseismic joint inversion method. Since Alaska is very close to the polar region, an irregular grid parameterization was used to express the velocity model, which keeps the spacing between grid nodes approximately the same in the longitude direction. Analyses of the distribution of average relative residuals at each of the stations show that the angle between the incident teleseismic rays and the dip of the subducting slab can affect the variation of the teleseismic residuals. In addition, large to moderate delayed arrivals are found in northern and southeastern Alaska, suggesting relative low-V crust or weak subduction in the boundary between the Pacific plate and the North America plate east of Gulf of Alaska. Our results show that the Pacific slab has subducted down to 300–400 km depth and it becomes deeper westwards under south-central and western Alaska. While in eastern Alaska, the Pacific slab does not extend deeper than 90 km depth. Beneath western Alaska, the Kula plate in the range of 400–600 km depth may be the extinct Kula plate, and a gap between the subducted Pacific slab and the Kula plate is assumed to be the location of the ancient Kula–Pacific spreading center. In southeastern Alaska, a large low-V area is found which may reflect the upwelling mantle in the Pacific–Juan de Fuca slab window near the subducted edge of the Pacific plate. Our main results can be well interpreted by a recent tectonic model, indicating that high-resolution seismic tomography can be an important tool for paleogeographers. Acknowledgments This work was partially supported by a research grant (Kiban-A 17204037) to D. Zhao from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The data used in this study were supplied by the AEIC seismic network in Alaska jointly run by the Geophysical Institute of UAF and the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank the editor, Prof. Keke Zhang, and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful review comments, which improved the manuscript. References Abers, 1994 G.A. Abers Three-dimensional inversion of regional P and S arrival times in the East Aleutians and sources of subduction zone gravity highs J. Geophys. Res. 99 1994 4395 4412 Atwater, 1970 T. Atwater Implications of plate tectonics for the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of western North America Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 81 1970 3513 3536 Atwater, 1989 Atwater, T., 1989. Plate tectonic history of the northeast Pacific and western North America. In: Winterer, E.L., Hussong, D.M., Decker, R.W. (Eds.), The Geology of North America, vol. N. The Eastern Pacific Ocean and Hawaii. Geol. Soc. Am., 21–70. Bijwaard et al., 1998 H. Bijwaard W. Spakman E. 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Marshall Cenozoic to Recent plate configurations in the Pacific Basin: ridge subduction and slab window magmatism in western North America Geosphere 2 1 2006 11 34 10.1130/GES00020.1 Page et al., 1989 R.A. Page C.D. Stephens J.C. Lahr Seismicity of the Wrangell and Aleutian Wadati–Benioff zones and the North American plate along the trans-Alaska crustal transect, Chugach mountains and Copper River Basin, southern Alaska J. Geophys. Res. 94 1989 16059 16082 Paige and Saunders, 1982 C. Paige M. Saunders LSQR: an algorithm for sparse linear equations and sparse least squares ACM Trans. Math. Softw. 8 1982 43 71 Plafker et al., 1978 G. Plafker T. Hudson T.R. Bruns R. Meyer Late quaternary offset along the Fairweather fault and crustal plate interactions in southern Alaska Can. J. Earth Sci. 15 5 1978 805 816 Plafker, 1987 Plafker, G., 1987. Regional geology and petroleum potential of the northern Gulf of Alaska continental margin. In: Scholl, D.W., Grantz, A., Vedder, J.G. (Eds.), Geology and Resource Potential of the Continental Margin of Western North America and Adjacent Ocean Basins—Beaufort Sea to Baja California. Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Houston, TX. Earth Sci. Ser. 6, 229–268. Plafker et al., 1994 G. Plafker J.C. Moore G.R. Winkler Geology of the southern Alaska margin G. Plafker H.C. Berg The Geology of Alaska. The Geology of North America vol. G-1 1994 Geological Society of America Boulder, CO 389 450 Ren et al., 2007 Y. Ren E. Stutzmann R.D. van der Hilst J. Besse Understanding seismic heterogeneities in the lower mantle beneath the Americas from seismic tomography and plate tectonic history J. Geophys. Res. 112 2007 B01302 10.1029/2005JB004154 Rondenay et al., 2004 S. Rondenay G.A. Abers A. Ferris A new, high-resolution seismic profile of the central-Alaskan subduction zone Eos Trans. AGU 85 17 2004 Jt. Assem. Suppl., Abstract U54A-05 Sdrolias and Müller, 2006 M. Sdrolias R.D. Müller Controls on back-arc basin formation Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 7 2006 Q04016 10.1029/2005GC001090 Searcy, 1996 Searcy, C.K., 1996. Crustal and upper mantle velocity structure in Alaska. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Alaska Fairbanks, 145 pp. Smith et al., 2003 A.J. Smith R.D. Hyndman J.F. Cassidy K. Wang Structure, seismicity, and thermal regime of the Queen Charlotte Transform Margin J. Geophys. Res. 108 B11 2003 2539 10.1029/2002JB002247 Stephens et al., 1984 C.D. Stephens K.A. Fogleman J.C. Lahr R.A. Page Wrangell Benioff zone, southern Alaska Geology 12 1984 373 376 Stock and Molnar, 1988 J. Stock P. Molnar Uncertainties and implications of the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary positions of North America relative to the Farallon, Kula, and Pacific plates Tectonics 7 1988 1339 1384 Stolper et al., 1981 E. Stolper D. Walker B. Hager J.F. Hays Melt segregation from partially molten source regions: the importance of melt density and source region size J. Geophys. Res. 86 1981 6261 6271 Thorkelson and Taylor, 1989 D.J. Thorkelson R.P. Taylor Cordilleran slab windows Geology 17 1989 833 836 Thorkelson, 1996 D.J. Thorkelson Subduction of diverging plates and the principles of slab window formation Tectonophysics 255 1996 47 63 Uyeda and Miyashiro, 1974 S. Uyeda A. Miyashiro Plate tectonics and the Japanese Islands: a synthesis Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 85 1974 1159 1170 Waldhauser et al., 2002 F. Waldhauser R. Lippitsch E. Kissling J. Ansorge High-resolution teleseismic tomography of upper-mantle structure using an a priori three-dimensional crustal model Geophys. J. Int. 150 2002 403 414 Woods and Davies, 1982 M.T. Woods G.F. Davies Late Cretaceous genesis of the Kula plate Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 58 1982 161 166 Zhao, 2001 D. Zhao Seismic structure and origin of hotspots and mantle plumes Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 192 2001 251 265 Zhao, 2004 D. Zhao Global tomographic images of mantle plumes and subducting slabs: insight into deep Earth dynamics Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 146 2004 3 34 Zhao et al., 1995 D. Zhao D. Christensen H. Pulpan Tomographic imaging of the Alaska subduction zone J. Geophys. Res. 100 1995 6487 6504 Zhao and Hasegawa, 1994 D. Zhao A. Hasegawa Teleseismic evidence for lateral heterogeneities in the northeastern Japan arc Tectonophysics 237 1994 189 199 Zhao et al., 1992 D. Zhao A. Hasegawa S. Horiuchi Tomographic imaging of P and S wave velocity structure beneath northeastern Japan J. Geophys. Res. 97 1992 19909 19928 Zhao et al., 1994 D. Zhao A. Hasegawa H. Kanamori Deep structure of Japan subduction zone as derived from local, regional, and teleseismic events J. Geophys. Res. 99 1994 22313 22329 Zhao et al., 2006 D. Zhao J. Lei T. Inoue A. Yamada S. Gao Deep structure and origin of the Baikal rift zone Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 243 2006 681 691",
        "keywords": [
            "kula plate",
            "ridge subduction",
            "seismic tomography",
            "slab window",
            "subduction zone",
            "three dimensional"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Cheng Qi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dapeng Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "u6BNRHjN": {
        "id": "u6BNRHjN",
        "title": "Relocated seismicity in Big Beijing area and its tectonic implication",
        "abstract": "The earthquakes occurred in the studied area from 1980 to 2004 were relocated by the double-difference location method.The relocated seismicity is clearly associated with regional tectonics,and is also in agreement with the existence of deep faults imaged by wide-angle and deep seismic reflection profiling.The vast majority of the earthquakes are located in the upper and middle crust,which implies the two potential seismotectonic mechanisms with deep dynamics and local tectonic blocks motion and deformation.The moderate and strong earthquakes tend to occur in the brittle upper crust and ductile-brittle transition in the lower crust.The seismic activities also demonstrate the pattern of seismic gaps and some potential traces of the steep-inclined buried faults in the Big Beijing area.",
        "keywords": [
            "deep fault",
            "brittle-ductile transition zone",
            "Big Beijing area",
            "seismotectonics",
            "the double difference algorithm"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Le",
                "org": "1.Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-fu",
                "org": "2.Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "2.Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "jzYIKzjy": {
        "id": "jzYIKzjy",
        "title": "On the Cause of Tsunamis Formation and  Warning Systems",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "disaster",
            "warning system",
            "earthquake",
            "tsunami"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Member of CAS; Deputy Director of  Committee of Science & Technology, China Seismic Bureau; Director of Committee of Earthquake Prediction & Hazards of IASPEI;  China Earthquake Administration, Beijing "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nature Magazine",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "YX7xWbfI": {
        "id": "YX7xWbfI",
        "title": "New insight into the crust and upper mantle structure under Alaska",
        "abstract": "To better understand the seismic structure of the subducting Pacific plate under Alaska, we determined the three-dimensional P-wave velocity structure to a depth of approximately 200 km beneath Alaska using 438,146 P-wave arrival times from 10,900 earthquakes. In this study an irregular grid parameterization was adopted to express the velocity structure under Alaska. The number of grid nodes increases from north to south in the study area so that the spacing between grid nodes is approximately the same in the longitude direction. Our results suggest that the subducting Pacific slab under Alaska can be divided into three different parts based on its geometry and velocity structure. The western part has features similar to those in other subduction zones. In the central part a thick low-velocity zone is imaged at the top of the subducting Pacific slab beneath north of the Kenai Peninsula, which is believed to be most likely the oceanic crust plus an overlying serpentinized zone and the coupled Yakutat terrane subducted with the Pacific slab. In the eastern part, significant high-velocity anomalies are visible to 60–90 km depth, suggesting that the Pacific slab has only subducted down to that depth. Keywords Seismic tomography Subduction zone Alaska Yakutat terrane Arc volcanism",
        "keywords": [
            "alaska",
            "arc volcanism",
            "seismic tomography",
            "subduction zone",
            "yakutat terrane",
            "upper mantle",
            "three dimensional",
            "low velocity zone",
            "oceanic crust"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Cheng Qi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dapeng Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalia A. Ruppert",
                "org": "Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Polar Science",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "w0p2nAfj": {
        "id": "w0p2nAfj",
        "title": "Weak explosion signal detection by the Beijing metropolitan digital Seismic Network",
        "abstract": "It is meaningful to use the Beijing metropolitan digital Seismic Network (BSN) of China to study deep crustal structure by recording artificial earthquakes. However, the energy released by artificial sources is small and they generally generate short-period seismic signals. In order to study the weak signal detectability of the Seismic Network between 1 and 20 Hz, this paper carries out the following work; (1) The analysis of background noise of BSN shows that the noise level at seismic stations on bedrock is about 13 dB lower than that at stations located on sedimentary layer. The difference of noise level is equivalent to variations of detectable earthquake magnitude 10. The noise between night and day time varies by about 5 dB. There is a trend of noise level increasing year-by-year. The noise level in 2006 is 4 dB higher than that in 2001. (2) A borehole explosion experiment with 25 kg chemical charges was conducted with its energy equal to an ML0. 69 natural earthquake. The seismic phases Pg, Pm and Pc generated by explosion can be identified at 18 seismic stations. At a permanent seismic station 218 km away, the seismic phase Pm can be detected with the peak-to-peak amplitude being about 1.6 nanometers. (3) An underground nuclear explosion carried out by North Korea in 2006 is a good opportunity to examine the weak signal detectability of the BSN. The records filtered with 1∼5 Hz shows that the P or Lg waves generated by the nuclear explosion can clearly be recorded by 18 seismic stations located on bedrock. The average amplitude of P waves is 16 nanometers. The magnitude calculated is mb4. 3, the same as that given by NEIC. The result also shows the noise level of station is one of the most important factors for signal detectability.",
        "keywords": [
            "Beijing metropolitan digital Seismic Network",
            "Explosion",
            "Noise",
            "Nuclear test",
            "Weak signal detection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-Fu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xúelin Qiu",
                "org": "South China Seas Institute of Oceanography Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "Z4ezmm91": {
        "id": "Z4ezmm91",
        "title": "APPLICATION OF PHASE INFORMATION TO SIGNAL DETECTION OF ARTIFICIAL SEISMIC SOURCE",
        "abstract": "In recent years more and more artificial sources are used to explore underground structures in the regional scale deep exploration.Usually,signals from artificial seismic source have low SNR(signal to noise ratio).Artificial source has a certain degree of repeatability among different shots.On the basis of this character,we use phase cross-correlation and phase weighted stack which can effectively improve the clarity of the signal to detect weak signal.The study shows that by use of dozens of kilograms of explosives the signal can be detected from the distance of 200 km.",
        "keywords": [
            "artificial seismic source",
            "phase weighted stack",
            "waveform cross-correlation",
            "phase cross-correlation",
            "SNR(signal noise ratio)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tang Jie",
                "org": "College of Geo-Resources and Information,China University of Petroleum,Dongying "
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Hongkui",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA,Beijing "
            },
            {
                "name": "Wang Baoshan",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA,Beijing "
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA,Beijing "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "wJrsA1ts": {
        "id": "wJrsA1ts",
        "title": "Tsunami disaster in China",
        "abstract": "Tsunami disaster and its risk in China are analyzed from its physical property and occurring conditions.The probability of tsunami taking place in the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea and East China Sea is small,and tsunami of Pacific Ocean has slight influence upon East coast of China.But tsunami generated southward could influence southeast coast of China widely.The potential sources of tsunami are large earthquakes in western Philippine,volcanic eruptions in Sunda Strait of Indonesia and large submarine landslides in the South China Sea.Although the possibility of tsunami impact on the coast of China are small,the magnitude of m=2 of tsunami with wave height of 5 meters would threaten the coastal areas that contribute to 25% GDP of the whole China mainland.In the view of hazard,it is possible to have small tsunami accompanied with large disaster.",
        "keywords": [
            "disaster",
            "tsunami magnitude",
            "tsunami"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-fu",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Wei",
                "org": "Department of Earth Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Natural Disasters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "LW7E7e25": {
        "id": "LW7E7e25",
        "title": "Seismic imaging of southwest Japan using P and PmP data: Implications for arc magmatism and seismotectonics",
        "abstract": "To better understand the relationship between crustal heterogeneity and seismotectonics and arc magmatism, we determined a detailed P-wave velocity structure of the crust under a north–south belt area in Southwest Japan by using the first arriving P-waves and the reflected P-waves from the Moho discontinuity (PmP) from 60 crustal earthquakes recorded by 29 seismic stations. Our results revealed significant low-velocity anomalies beneath the fault zone of the Median Tectonic Line and the Daisen volcano, which suggest that Daisen is potentially an active volcano. In the lower crust, we detected low-velocity anomalies overlying the subducting Philippine Sea plate, which may indicate the existence of fluids released by the slab dehydration. The 1955 southern Tokusima earthquake (M 6.4) occurred between low and high high-velocity zones. The 2000 western Tottori earthquake (M 7.3) and other nearby strong earthquakes occurred around the Daisen volcano, which may be related to the upwelling magma and fluids.",
        "keywords": [
            "moho discontinuity",
            "crustal structure",
            "seismic tomography",
            "reflected waves"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Anhui Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dapeng Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Michiharu Ikeda",
                "org": "Department of Civil Engineering, Shikoku Research Institute, Takamatsu 761-0192, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Gondwana Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "DGX7sYgp": {
        "id": "DGX7sYgp",
        "title": "Shear wave generated by airguns in a reservoir and its splitting",
        "abstract": "Shear wave splitting is a possible method for earthquake stress-forecasting. We applied shear wave splitting analysis to a seismic dataset generated by airguns in a reservoir. We found that the seismic data contains shear waves (Sg and SmS). The shear waves are converted at the water-solid interface from P-waves generated by the airgun source, and the energy of the converted shear wave is equivalent to the energy released by a ML 1.6 earthquake. We analyzed the data recorded by a seismic line deployed over the Yanshan uplift. The results show that the predominant polarizations of the fast shear wave are in the directions of NWW and NEE, which are affected by the characteristics of the local fault system. Using an airgun as a repeatable seismic source and recording the data at a fixed point, the variation of shear wave splitting parameters can indicate the variation of local stress-strain fields, and hence provides a method for earthquake stress-forecasting.",
        "keywords": [
            "Airgun",
            "Artificial source",
            "Earthquake stress-forecasting",
            "Shear wave splitting"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "DAI Heng-chang",
                "org": "British Geological Survey(British Geological Survey),Nottingham,United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Xiang-yang",
                "org": "British Geological Survey(British Geological Survey),Nottingham,United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-fu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Han-lin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Seismology and Geology",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "xWPYLwZs": {
        "id": "xWPYLwZs",
        "title": "Estimating seismic attenuation using cross-correlation function",
        "abstract": "Diffrent from the traditional method of estimating seismic attenuation based on the waveform of single event, we regarded a series of events as an equivalent one, and obtained seismic attenuation on the basis of cross-correlation function between source and signal recorded at distance. We performed a field experiment by the end of 2004, and based on the data of this experiment, we studied the amplitude degression and corresponding seismic attenuation factor of both single event waveform and cross-correlation function. It is found that, same as single event waveform, cross-correlation function could be used to assess the seismic attenuation. The results show: (1) Q of in-situ medium is about 40; (2) Amplitude degressions with distance of single event waveform and cross-correlation functions are much similar.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cross-correlation function",
            "Q value",
            "Seismic attenuation",
            "Spectral ratio"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Xu",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoshan Wang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhang",
                "org": "Zhejiang University(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JianMin Lin",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "W2uZRNHp": {
        "id": "W2uZRNHp",
        "title": "Seismic Radar",
        "abstract": "It is the frontal research of Earth Science that green artificial source which generates seismic waves propagating underground is used to construct seismic radar.Such method can be used to investigate the structure of the interior of the Earth in large scale.On the early stage of seismology,only seismic waves of natural earthquakes are used to detect the physical properties of the Earth's interior because an earthquake may release huge amount of energy.The energy released by an earthquake can be equivalent to tens of thousands tons of explosive.The ratio of the seismic signal detected thousands of kilometers away over background noise is greater than 1.However,due to of the limited occurring frequency of natural earthquakes and the uncertainty of hypocenter location,the resolution of its investigation is restricted.Thereafter,seismic exploration survey using artificial sources develops quickly,and the surveying resolution is greatly improved.Because the energy of artificial sources is comparably small,the generated signals can only be detected in very limited scale.Nowadays,study on using small source to get distant information in large scale plays an important role in developing seismic radar.This is a new field of intercrossing integration between seismology and information science.The technique of encoding and decoding artificial seismic waves may be derived from the developing process of electromagnetic radar in the past half a century.It is sure that seismic radar will greatly promote the development of seismology and its observation.",
        "keywords": [
            "coded and decode technique",
            "seismic radar",
            "control source"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 10036,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Wei",
                "org": "Zhejiang University,Hangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Han-lin",
                "org": "Zhejiang University,Hangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QI Cheng",
                "org": "Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-fu",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 10036,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "V45f9sUA": {
        "id": "V45f9sUA",
        "title": "3-D P and S wave velocity structure and its relationship to seismic and volcanic activity in Southwest Japan",
        "abstract": "We used 23,895 P and 21,969 S wave high-quality arrival times from 836 local earthquakes during 2002 to 2004 recorded by the dense High-sensitivity Seismic Network(Hi-net) on the Japan islands.Detailed three-dimensional seismic velocity(Vp and Vs) structures of the crust under Southwest Japan are determined with a horizontal resolution of about 33 km and a depth resolution of 4~15km.We also estimated the Poisson's ratio(σ) structure by using the inverted Vp and Vs data.Our results revealed a significant low-velocity anomaly beneath the Daisen volcano,which suggests that Daisen is potentially an active volcano.The subducting Philippine Sea plate is clearly imaged beneath Southwest Japan.Low-velocity and high-Poisson's ratio anomalies are visible above the Philippine Sea slab,which may indicate the existence of fluids released by the slab dehydration.In addition,we discuss the important role of fluids played in the generating and triggering processes of large crustal earthquakes.",
        "keywords": [
            "tomography",
            "poisson's ratio",
            "crustal 3-D structure",
            "southwest Japan"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "SUN An-hui",
                "org": "Department of Geophysics;Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China;Department of Geophysics,Tohoku University,Sendai 980-8578,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Da-peng",
                "org": "Department of Geophysics;Department of Geophysics,Tohoku University,Sendai 980-8578,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-fu",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "9PSbhUCG": {
        "id": "9PSbhUCG",
        "title": "3-D P and S wave velocity structures and their relationship to strong earthquakes in the Chinese capital region",
        "abstract": "We used 33487 P and 31822 S wave arrival times from 2866 events recorded by the North China seismic telemetry network and the Capital Circle digital seismic telemetry network from 1993 to 2005. The crustal three-dimensional P and S wave velocity structures in the Capital Circle area (38.5°N ∼ 41°N, 114°E ∼ 120°E) are obtained with a horizontal resolution of 25 to 50 km. The Poisson's ratio distribution is also achieved. Our results show that there is significant inhomogeneity in the P and S velocity structures in the Capital Circle area. Shallow velocity anomalies distributions are consistent with main surface geological tectonic features. We found that strong earthquakes in the seismic zone are apt to occur between low velocity and high velocity zones as well as in low Poisson's ratio zones. Under these hypocenters, low velocity and high Poisson's ratio anomalies exist. By comparison with the results of other regions, the relation between earthquake triggering and fluids is discussed. We think that the effect of fluids plays an important role in the earthquake generation and triggering processes.",
        "keywords": [
            "Crustal 3-D structure",
            "Poisson's ratio",
            "The Capital Circle area",
            "Tomography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Cheng Qi",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Da-Peng",
                "org": "Ehime University(Ehime University),Matsuyama,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-Fu",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Bao-Shan",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "SMxXcLLI": {
        "id": "SMxXcLLI",
        "title": "The finite difference time domain simulation on Anxin Kuancheng deep seismic sounding profile",
        "abstract": "Using the method of finite difference time domain to simulate the seismic wave can obtain much more information of the wave field.It is very effective to investigate the seismic wave field on complex geological background.In this paper,the finite difference time domain(FDTD) was briefly introduced.For the Anxin-Kuancheng deep seismic sounding profile conducted on April 2002,the two-dimensional full wave numerical simulation was performed with FDTD method,as well as the perfectly matched layer as the absorbing boundary condition.Discussing and comparing the FDTD simulation synthetic seismograms with the recorded sections and the synthetic results given by ray tracing method,the effectiveness of the finite difference time domain method for the simulation of the seismic wave propagation has been proved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Finite difference time domain",
            "Seismic wave propagation",
            "Absorbing boundary condition",
            "2-D simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "PENG Fei",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-fu",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Lan-bo",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA,Beijing ,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Connecticut,Storrs,CT 06269,USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science,CEA,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Earthquake",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "1DVdFQ6Q": {
        "id": "1DVdFQ6Q",
        "title": "Tsunami disaster in China",
        "abstract": "Tsunami disaster and its risk in China are analyzed from its physical property and occurring conditions. The probability of tsunami taking place in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea is small, and tsunami of Pacific Ocean has slight influence upon East coast of China. But tsunami generated southward could influence southeast coast of China widely. The potential sources of tsunami are large earthquakes in western Philippine, volcanic eruptions in Sunda Strait of Indonesia and large submarine landslides in the South China Sea. Although the possibility of tsunami impact on the coast of China are small, the magnitude of m = 2 of tsunami with wave height of 5 meters would threaten the coastal areas that contribute to 25% GDP of the whole China mainland. In the view of hazard, it is possible to have small tsunami accompanied with large disaster.",
        "keywords": [
            "Disaster",
            "Tsunami",
            "Tsunami magnitude"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhang",
                "org": "China Earthquake Administration(^ China Earthquake Administration),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Natural Disasters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "XFgp3omJ": {
        "id": "XFgp3omJ",
        "title": "Co-seismic changes of well water level and volume strain meter in capital area and its vicinity, due to the Nov.14, 2001 M s8.1 Kunlun Mountain earthquake, China",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The Kunlunshan Mountain  M s8.1 earthquake, occurred in Nov.14, 2001, is the first event with magnitude more than 8 in the China earthquake monitoring history, specifically at the beginning of digital techniques in precursor monitoring networks. Any investigation of recorded data on this earthquake is very important for testing the operation of the digital monitoring networks and understanding the preparation, occurrence, and adjustment of stress/strain of strong continental earthquakes. In this paper we investigated the co-seismic response changes of well water level of groundwater and volume strain meter of bore hole in digital earthquake monitoring network of Capital area and its vicinity, due to the Nov.14, 2001  M s8.1 Kunlun Mountain earthquake. The responding time, shapes or manners, amplitudes, and lasting time of well water level and strain-meters to seismic wave are studied in comparison. Then we discussed the possibility that the response changes of groundwater to strong distant earthquakes can be understood as one kind of observing evidence of stress/strain changes induced by distant earthquake.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "fuqiong huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ping ji",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kexin ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fuwang gao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lingkong zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "2LvXEuQF": {
        "id": "2LvXEuQF",
        "title": "Crustal structure and extensional deformation of thinned lithosphere in Northern China",
        "abstract": "We herein present an interpretation of a 320 km-long wide-angle seismic profile between Anxin and Kuancheng, which was obtained in 2002. The profile runs from the North China Plain (NCP), where the lithosphere is just 70 km thick; to the Yanshan Mountain Folded Belt (YMFB), where the lithosphere is180 km thick. Our model shows a crustal thickness that varies from 31 km under the NCP to 36 km under the YMFB. The observed thinning of the crust in the NCP is about 14%, which compares with an average extension of 24–41% at basin-scale and 25% at lithosphere-scale. This finding suggests that the extensional deformation of the lithosphere in the North China block depends on depth. The thin, high-velocity crust–mantle transition zone has most likely originated after a delamination of the bottom of the crust and a concomitant intrusion of materials from the mantle. The lower velocity of the lower crust may be attributed to the destruction of the lithosphere, which permitted the lateral flow of melting materials above the Moho from the NCP to the YMFB. The differences found between the crust and the lithospheric mantle help to dispel any of the remaining uncertainty in the extensional factors, and they may be attributed to detachment of middle crust and an intrusion of magma that originated in either lithosphere or asthenosphere. We infer that the detachment of the middle crust, lower-crustal flow and magma intrusion probably lead to the underestimation of the crustal-scale extensional factor, and may represent the crustal response to the thinning of the lithosphere. Research Highlights ► Crust thins from 36 km under the Yanshan Mountain Folded Belt (with 180-km-thick lithosphere) to 31km under North China Plain (with 70km thick lithosphere) in North China. ► The thin, high-velocity crust–mantle transition zone has most likely originated after a delamination of the bottom of the crust and a concomitant intrusion of materials from the mantle. ► The lower velocity of the lower crust may be attributed to the destruction of the lithosphere, which permitted the lateral flow of melting materials above the Moho from the North China Plain to the Yanshan Mountain Folded Belt. ► The extensional deformation of the lithosphere in the North China block depends on depth (the extensional factor is about 14% at crust-scale, 24–41% at basin-scale and 25% at lithosphere-scale in the North China Plain). ► The detachment of the middle crust, lower-crustal flow and magma intrusion probably lead to the depth-dependent extension, and may represent the crustal response to the thinning of the lithosphere. Keywords North China Plain Yanshan Mountain Folded Belt Crustal structure Lithosphere thinning Extensional factor 1 Introduction The North China block is one of the oldest continental nuclei in the world ( Jahn and Nyquist, 1976 ), and consists of two Archean blocks, namely the western and the eastern, which have reported crustal ages of 3.8 Ga ( Liu, 1992 ), separated by a Proterozoic orogenic belt of 1.8 Ga ( Zhao et al., 2000 ). The thickness of the lithosphere beneath the Precambrian shield is generally considered to be 185 km, with mechanical and thermal boundary layer thicknesses of about 165 and 36 km, respectively ( White and McKenzie, 1988; McKenzie and Nimmo, 1997 ). Ever since the Cenozoic, the North China Craton has been fragmented by intensive intracontinental rifting and extensional tectonics, which have resulted in the formation of two extensional domains, namely the western domain, characterised by graben systems around the Ordos basin, and the eastern domain, represented by the North China Plain (NCP; Zhang et al., 2003 ). The rifting and extensional tectonics have worked to induce thinning of the lithosphere in the eastern domain, while thicker lithosphere has been preserved in the older western domain. It has been estimated from geochemical data that the lithosphere is as much as 200 km thick in the western block, but only 80 km thick in the eastern block ( Fan et al., 2000 ). Apart from the thickness, also the lateral heterogeneity ( Ma, 1987 ) and the composition ( Zhang et al., 2003 ) of the lithosphere differ between the two blocks. Gravity data inversion ( Ma, 1987; Yuan, 1996 ) indicates that the lithosphere is around 100 km thick in the western domain, but shows large variations in thickness of 60–100 km in the eastern domain ( Fig. 1 ). It has been suggested that the original cratonic lithosphere is well preserved in the western domain, and that pronounced thinning of the lithosphere occurred in the eastern domain ( Zhai et al., 2007 ). Seismic data acquired from passive seismogenic sources show that the thickness of the lithosphere varies considerably in the eastern domain ( Ma, 1987; Yuan, 1996; Li and Mooney, 1998; Deng et al., 2004; Huang and Zhao, 2004 ). For example, surface wave modelling has shown that the thickness is almost 80 km at the southwestern end (38.5°N) of the Anxin–Kuancheng wide-angle seismic profile ( Fig. 1 ), and approximately 180 km at the northeastern end (41.5°N) of the profile in the eastern block of the North China Craton ( Griffin et al., 1998; Lebedev and Nolet, 2003; Deng et al., 2004; Huang and Zhao, 2004; Kusky et al., 2007 ). However, it should be noted that the thickness of the crust along the Anxin–Kuancheng profile barely changes, even though the topography drops from an average surface elevation of 1 km above sea level in the northeastern region to less than 500 m in the southwestern region ( Li and Mooney, 1998; Li et al., 2004; Zheng et al., 2006 ). By taking the top of the high-conductivity layer as the bottom of the lithosphere ( Wei et al., 2006 ), the magnetotelluric data suggest that the thickness of the lithosphere along the Anxin–Kuancheng profile changes very little, from 60 km under the southwest end to almost 55 km under the northeast end, which contradicts previous findings. Later on, we will assume that the high-conductivity zone represents a huge intrusion that originates from the asthenosphere. Using geophysical data, Ma (1987) identified a northeast–southwest gravity lineament ( Fig. 1 ) between the Taihangshan uplift (THSU) and the North China Plain (NCP) that divides the North China Craton into different tectonic domains ( Fig. 1 ). The region to the west of this gravity lineament is characterised by large negative Bouguer anomalies and a lithospheric thickness of 150–220 km. The region to the east of the lineament is characterised by weak negative/positive gravity anomalies, a high heat flow, and a lithospheric thickness of 60–120 km. These Bouguer gravity anomalies show a rapid increase from − 100 to − 40 and − 20 mGal, over a narrow band in the west–east direction. Mesozoic magmatism occurs mainly to the east of the gravity lineament. It is characterised by voluminous felsic to-intermediate intrusion (predominantly monzonitic) and associated mafic bodies, together with widespread volcanic counterparts. To the west, the magmatism and basin development are less pronounced ( Ma, 1987; Ai and Zheng, 2003; Ai et al., 2003, 2008; Chen et al., 2008 ). Spatial (and temporal) variations in lithospheric thickness can provide significant constraints on the evolution of the lithosphere. The seismic survey line that follows the Anxin–Kuancheng transect ( Fig. 1 ) crosses the study area, and offers one of the best opportunities for investigating the seismic velocity structure of the crust and the evolution of the lithosphere in Northern China. In this paper, we present our interpretation of the velocities in the Anxin–Kuancheng seismic profile. Below, we discuss the structural response to lithospheric thinning at different scales, namely those of the basin, crust and deep lithosphere. We also describe the related coupling–decoupling deformation as the key geodynamic mechanism in the NCP. 2 Tectonic setting The Anxin–Kuancheng profile is situated to the east of the gravity lineament and crosses two tectonic subunits in a SW–NE direction, namely the NCP to the southwest and the Yanshan Mountain Folded Belt (YMFB) to the northeast ( Fig. 2 ). Within the NCP, various Cenozoic basins of different thicknesses lie along the profile from SW to NE, namely the Jizhong depression, the Baoding depression, the Niutuozhen uplift, the Guan depression, and the Beijing–Tianjing depression ( Li, 1981; Ye et al., 1985, 1987; Liu, 1988 ). The North China basins endured NW–SE shear-compression during the Early Cenozoic, forming incipient faults ( Li, 1981; Ye et al., 1985, 1987; Liu, 1988 ). A number of active faults exist in the North China basin ( Fig. 2 ); all the tectonic structures are oriented in the NE–SW direction. Since the Mid-Cenozoic, the region has experienced extension, crustal rise and faulting, and widespread extension of the upper and middle crust took place during right-lateral extensional shearing. The delamination of the lithosphere occurred during the Late Tertiary, and resulted in a thinner lithosphere and the present tectonic setting of the NCP. The NCP is surrounded by large-scale normal faults that cross the interior of the block and stretch in a NE direction. To the north of the Baodi–Tongbai fault ( Fig. 2 ), the YMFB formed in the Archean Eon, and was reactivated during the Phanerozoic Eon and hosts a series of intermountain depressions, and were later folded by the Mesozoic orogeny (called as Yanshanian movement in earth science community of China). 3 Data acquisition The P-wave seismic data used in our study were acquired from a 320 km-long wide-angle reflection–refraction profile obtained during April and May 2002. The Geophysical Exploration Center, China Earthquake Administration carried out the fieldwork. The profile had its azimuth at approximately N30°E, and ran between Anxin and Kuancheng, Heibei Province. Shots were fired at the four sites: Anxin, Anci, Sanhe and Zunhua, with an average shot spacing of 80–100 km ( Fig. 2 ). For each shot, 4–8 holes were drilled to a depth of about 20 m and loaded with 1200–2200 kg of explosive charge. A total of 100 portable three-component digital meters/geophones were used to acquire seismic data along a long-offset profile. The station spacing was 3 km. The three-minute-long seismic signals were initially sampled at a rate of 200 sps, and then band-pass filtered within the 1–10 Hz frequency band for P-waves. Figs. 3a, 4a, 5a, and 6a show the traces of the crustal P-phases using a reduction velocity of 6.0 km/s. The refractions above the crystalline basement of the crust (the Pg-phase) and the reflections from the Moho (the PmP- or simply Pm-phase) can be easily correlated in the following section we focus our attention mainly on the Pg and Pm arrivals. Our preliminary assessment of the records shows that the most conspicuous characteristics of the wide-angle seismic dataset seem to be: (a) very strong Pm reflections from the crust–mantle boundary; (b) clear differences between the intra-crustal reflections, labelled P2, P3 and P4, when these originate from progressively deeper interfaces, from different shot points ( Figs. 3a, 4a, 5a, and 6a ). Relatively well-developed intra-crustal reflections are apparent from the shots at Anxin and Anci, with poorly developed reflections are observed from the shots at Sanhe and Zunhua. The first Pg arrivals may generally be observed at offsets up to 90 km, although shorter distances are recorded in the southern branch of the Sanhe shot ( Fig. 5 a). From this shot, Pg arrivals with weak energy can be inter-correlated at offsets up to 90 km to the south, as can the ones with strong energy up to 110 km to the north. The Pg travel times are delayed in the southern branch of the Sanhe shot, but they vary greatly in the northern branch, for which the time-offset curve is a horizontal straight line. These characteristics demonstrate that the apparent P-wave velocity is less than 6.0 km/s to south, being as low as 4.2 km/s or even lower, but that it is generally higher, nearly 6.0 km/s, to the north of Sanhe. Since the Pg travel times are concave upward in the southern transect of the Anxin shot ( Fig. 3 a) and on both sides of the Anci shot ( Fig. 4 a), the thickness of the sedimentary layers appears to be thicker to the south of Sanhe than to the north of it. This finding indicates a strong lateral variation in the thickness of the uppermost layers. The Pm-phase reflected from the Moho is clear in all records, and may generally be inter-correlated at offsets greater than 70–80 km ( Figs. 3a, 4a, 5a, and 6a ), although only up to 60 km following the northern branch of the Zunhua shot ( Fig. 6 a). The reduced travel time curves show the influence of the shallow thick sedimentary layers, but the lateral velocity variations in the crust are more difficult to see. Reflection events (labelled as P2 in Figs. 3a, 4a, 5a, and 6a ) from a crustal interface delineate the upper crust. Other reflection events from deeper interfaces above the crust–mantle discontinuity (labelled as P3 and P4) delineate the middle crust. These events are all marked on the record sections for clarity. The subcrustal Pn-phase refracted from the uppermost part of the upper mantle may also be recognised at offsets greater than 150 km, although their amplitudes are rather weak. An example is shown from the northern branch of the Anci shot ( Fig. 3 a). 4 Data inversion and reliability tests The P-wave velocity model between Anxin and Kuancheng was obtained using a finite-difference approach to calculate the travel times ( Vidale, 1988; Ammon and Vidale, 1993 ) and a depth-to-layer interface inversion from the reflected phases ( Hole and Zelt, 1996 ). The first step in the procedure (a) is the modelling of the upper crust (~ 0–15 km depth) using only velocities and an inversion of selected Pg data. The second step (b) is the determination of the middle- and lower-crustal velocities by inversion of the Pn travel times. The third step (c) is the depth-to-layer interface inversion from the Pm-phase and the intra-crustal reflections P2, P3 and P4 ( Hole and Zelt, 1996 ), in combination with interactive forward ray-tracing ( Luetgert, 1988 ), while preserving the middle- and lower-crustal velocities as previously determined from the Pn travel times. After constraining the upper- and middle-crustal velocities, we interactively derived the depth and morphology of the Moho, and simultaneously refined the lower-crustal velocities obtained from the Pm-phase. The implementation of the procedure therefore requires the use of both an interactive ray-tracing method ( Luetgert, 1988 ) and a finite-difference depth-to-layer interface inversion scheme ( Hole and Zelt, 1996 ) to model the P2, P3, P4, Pm, and Pn arrivals and the Moho depth. 4.1 Synthetics Synthetic seismograms for the four shots fired at Anxin, Anci, Sanhe, and Zunhua were computed from the final velocity model (shown later in Fig. 10 ) using the 2D travel time inversion codes ( Zelt and Smith, 1992 ). These are all shown in Figs. 3b, 4b, 5b, and 6b , and it may be seen that the results reproduce the observed data rather well. The goodness of the fit between the travel times selected and those calculated for all shot gathers may be seen in the upper panels of Fig. 3 . 4.2 Ray coverage The reliability of the final velocity model initially depends on the spacing of the shot points, the number of installed receivers, the density of the seismic rays, and the type and quality of the arrivals identified. It may be assumed that the model is constrained well by all these factors. Nevertheless, the partial illumination of the crust by ray coverage along the wide-angle seismic profile is shown in Figs. 3c, 4c, 5c, and 6c . The complete illumination of the crust by refractions above the crystalline basement and intra-crustal reflections along the transect are shown in Fig. 7 b . Most of the crust is sufficiently covered by seismic rays, except the zones to the extreme north and south of the profile. Those portions that are not covered by seismic rays, or that are insensitive to changes in the crustal parameters, are not taken into account in our interpretation. Fig. 7 a shows the comparison between the selected and calculated P-wave travel times obtained by forward computation from our final crustal velocity model (shown later in Fig. 10 ). 4.3 Checkerboard test Smearing effects, due to an insufficiency of seismic rays, may be present and may even affect the spatial resolution. In order to assess the influence of these effects, we have used a conventional checkerboard test, in which the inversion of synthetic data from an input model was carried out using a regular pattern of alternating velocity perturbations and laterally varying depths, so that the similarity between the output inversion model and the input model was then taken as an estimate of the spatial resolution ( Zelt and Barton, 1998 ). Because the seismic velocities contain errors that are often somewhat smaller than those that affect the depths of the layers, we have assumed that the velocities are accurate to within 3%, whereas the boundaries, including the Moho depth, are accurate to within 10% ( Mooney and Braile, 1989 ). Keeping in mind these limits, we show ( Fig. 8 a ) a theoretical configuration, similar to a checkerboard, obtained using trial P-velocity perturbations of ± 0.2 km/s and trial depths of ± 0.5 km, assigned to nodes distributed uniformly over the whole of the structure in question. These velocity and depth perturbations are all consistent with the model concerned. For a given spacing of shot points and station array, both the travel times and the layer depths were computed from this input model by forward modelling, being subsequently inverted to give the output model shown in Fig. 8 b. The comparison between the input and recovered models ( Fig. 8 ) allows an assessment of the directions in which smearing takes place. It is shown that both the lithology (the high and low velocity anomalies) and the geometry (the boundaries) are sufficiently well resolved in almost everywhere in the crust described herein, only the zones to the extreme north and south of the profile are less-well-resolved, as may be expected. 5 Crustal model along the Anxin–Kuancheng transect An overall view of the results may be seen in Fig. 9 , in which the P-wave velocity model along the Anxin–Kuancheng profile in Northern China is shown. At first glance, both the sedimentary cover and the upper crust have laterally variable thicknesses throughout the profile. The sedimentary lid is extremely thick beneath Anci, with a maximum thickness of ~ 6 km. In contrast, a very thin layer (only 1 km) is found in the northeastern segment of the profile between Zunjua and Sanhe. To the south of Sanhe, the P-wave velocity of the shallow layers varies between 2.80 and 4.28 km/s, without ever exceeding 4.38 km/s. North of Sanhe the velocity reaches 4.4 km/s in the thin sedimentary cover that overlies the northern part. Two layers make up the upper crust. The upper one (average velocity ~ 6.2 km/s) has a laterally varying thickness between 4 km under Anci and 11.5 km under Sanhe. The lower one (average velocity ~ 6.3 km/s) has an almost constant thickness of some 5 km, which increases gradually north of Zunhua. The bottom of the upper crust is at a depth of some 16 km and bulges upward below Sanhe. The middle and lower crust are two undulating layers that each shows a more or less constant thickness between 7 km (southern half of the profile) and 9 km (northern half). The middle crust is almost homogeneous (having a P-velocity of around 6.45 km/s), while the lower crust shows a strong vertical velocity gradient with velocities between 6.5 and 7.10 km/s. The average thickness of the crust is about 33 km. The crust–mantle discontinuity (the Moho) has an undulating shape, with shallow depths of 31 km beneath Anci. To the north of this place, the Moho depth increases gradually up to 36 km under Zunhua in the southern flank of the YMFB ( Fig. 9 ). The apparent P-velocity beneath the crust–mantle discontinuity is 8.0 km/s, which is consistent with the observed Pn travel times. However, the mantle velocity shown by the Pn-phase that follows the northern branches of the profile at Anci and Sanhe is rather less, at approximately 7.8 km/s. While Sanhe marks a turning point in the thickness of the sediment, the major change in crustal structure takes place at the Baodi–Tongbai fault between Anci and Sanhe (F5 in Fig. 2 ), which is likely to be the natural boundary between the NCP and the YMFB. 6 Discussion 6.1 Comparison with previous studies Northern China has been the subject of a number of detailed studies, using active and passive source seismic soundings, gravity measurements, and MT geophysical prospecting, all with the aim of reducing the risks due to seismic activity in rapidly developing, heavily populated areas, particularly after the Xingtai (Ms 6.8, 8th March 1966), Haicheng (Ms 7.3, 4th February 1975) and Tangshan (Ms 7.8, 28 July 1976) earthquakes. With regard to the area investigated in our own study, several deep seismic soundings (DSS) were performed (1960–1990) that provided useful P-wave velocity data for the crust within the constraints of shot spacing (> 80 km) and trace gap (about 5 km). Interpretations of these long-offset seismic profiles have almost all been published in Chinese books or journals ( Yuan, 1996 ). Li and Mooney (1998) , and later Li et al. (2006) , compiled 1D crustal velocity columns and mapped the Moho. The results of the present study supplement these compilations, whose main findings may be summarised as follows: the Moho depth was fixed between 33 and 35 km, the P-wave velocity was 5.9–6.2 km/s for the upper crust, 6.2–6.4 km/s for the middle crust, and 6.7–7.2 km/s for the lower crust ( CBS, 1986 ). The results presented herein are therefore consistent with these results; in particular, the crustal thickness of 31–36 km is consistent with the thickness of 33–35 km reported by Yuan (1996) , and with the thickness of 32–34 km quoted by Li and Mooney (1998) and Li et al. (2006) following their mapping of the Moho depth. 6.2 Extensional deformation in the NCP 6.2.1 Basin-scale extensional factor A variety of methods, such as balanced section restoration, comparisons of basin and crustal thicknesses, estimates based on calculations of tectonic subsidence after analysis of back-stripping, and calculation of the B factor ( Li, 1981; Hellinger et al., 1985; Ye et al., 1985; Jackson and White, 1989 ), have all been used to determine the degree of extensional deformation in the North China basins. Even though there have been a number of multi-stage extensional events in Northern China, the major extensional episodes occurred during the Cenozoic ( Liu et al., 2001 ). Some authors have reported a great deal of spatial variation, with values of 1.15–1.40 in Northern China ( Liu et al. 1990; Tian and Han, 1990 ) and 1.11–1.35 in Liaodong–Liaohe ( Qi et al., 1995 ), and percentages of 19% to the south and 29% to the north ( Liu et al., 2001 ). In the present study, the sharp variation in sediment thickness in the profile is consistent with a basin-scale extensional factor of 24–41% ( Fig. 10 ) obtained using the balanced section technique ( Tian and Han, 1990 ). 6.2.2 Crustal-scale extensional factor We now compare the sediment load at the basins with the thickness of the crust. According to the crustal P-wave velocity model ( Fig. 9 ), the Moho depth ranges from 31 km in the southwestern part of the profile (Anci) to 36 km in the northeastern part (Zunhua), and over the same profile the basin thickness changes from 5 km to about 1 km or less. The thickness of the consolidated crust therefore varies within the range 26–35 km, so that the location that has the maximum basin thickness also has a 26 km thick consolidated crust, in contrast with a ‘normal’ thickness of 35 km. By assuming a crustal thinning of some 5 km, the average extensional factor at the crustal-scale may be therefore estimated using the ratio 5/35 = 1/7 or ~ 14%, which is significantly less than the lower limit of 24% of the extensional factor at the basin-scale ( Fig. 10 ). 6.2.3 Lithosphere-scale extensional factor We now estimate the extensional factor in the lithosphere by comparing its present thickness under the northeastern and southwestern branches of the profile with the thicknesses of the surrounding areas. From the map of lithospheric thickness calculated from surface wave tomography by Ma (1987) and Yuan (1996) , a thickness of 60–80 km may be seen under the southwestern half of the profile, which increases to 100–180 km under the northeastern half, thereby indicating a remarkable thinning of the lithosphere of at least 40 km in the SW direction ( Fig. 1 ). Three parts of the lithosphere may be distinguished: (i) the southwestern part, with the thinnest lithosphere of 70–80 km; (ii) the central part, which is separated from the SW part by the Baodi–Tongbai fault (F5 in Fig. 2 ), in which the thickness of the lithosphere varies between 80 and 100 km; and (iii) the northeastern transect in which the lithosphere has a more conventional thickness that varies from 100 to 180 km. A continuous line beneath the schematic representation of the crust ( Fig. 10 ) depicts the variable bottom of the lithosphere. Given that the thickness of the consolidated crust varies between 26 and 35 km (i.e. 9 km as previously mentioned), the relative extensional factor at the lithospheric scale may be fixed at around 9/40 ≈ 1/4, i.e. ~ 25%, which is a full 10% larger than the extensional factor of 14% at the crustal-scale. 6.3 Depth-dependent extensional deformation in the NCP It is clear that the lower crust is characterised by a moderate magnitude deformation, in contrast with the marked deformation that affects the uppermost part of the crust. This finding is supported by the observed crustal thinning, which is proportional to the degree of extension in the upper crust ( Fig. 9 ), and the absence of reflectivity from the lower crust, which is commonly attributed to large-scale ductile deformation ( Thybo et al., 2000 ). Such a characteristic suggests that the extensional deformation beneath the NCP is not uniform, but depends on depth. The above estimates suggest that notwithstanding the uncertainty surrounding the deformation, the extensional factor for the sedimentary cover increases somewhat with respect to the underlying crust and also to the deep lithosphere. The crustal thinning of 14% calculated from the P-wave velocity model between the NCP and the YMFB is 10–27% lower than the average thinning of 24–41% at the basin-scale, and about 10% lower than the deformation of 25% of the deep lithosphere, thereby suggesting a depth-dependent extensional deformation in the column of lithosphere in the NCP. A similar depth-dependence and spatially (and temporally) varying extension may be observed in continental rift zones and passive rifted margins as well ( Thybo et al., 2000, 2006; Zhang et al., 2010a,b ), and may in general be a key characteristic of continental lithospheric extension. Explaining the magnitude of regional subsidence in terms of the attendant brittle deformation requires the occurrence of ductile deformation of the lower crust and/or mantle ( van Wijk and Driscoll, 2005 ). In Northern China, the difference between the basin-scale and crustal-scale extensional factors probably stems from moderate-to-low-angle normal faulting in the upper crust and in particular from layer detachment in the middle crust, which increases the extension above the detachment ( Wernicke, 1981; Lister et al., 1986; Culshaw et al., 2006 ). It may be inferred that the contribution to the extension from the detachment of the middle crust is of the order of ~ 14%. The hypothesis of layer detachment in the middle crust is supported by wide-angle or near-vertical seismic profiles obtained in Northern China ( Wang et al., 1997 ). Furthermore, the focal depth of any earthquakes is usually less than 20 km, which supports the existence of a brittle upper crust and a ductile middle-to-lower crust in Northern China ( Yuan, 1996 ). The bottom of the crust cannot be seen as a simple crust–mantle discontinuity surface, but rather presents as a narrow transition zone with a strong vertical velocity gradient. This gradient may be attributed to the mixture of crustal and mantle materials that results from delamination and the intrusion of mantle materials due to crustal extension, and points to a melting of the rock reservoir, thereby permitting the lateral flow of melting material above the Moho from the NCP to the YMFB. Another possible explanation to the difference between the extensional factors at the crustal- and lithosphere-scale is the intrusion of magma or lithospheric underplating ( Zhai et al., 2007 ). The intrusion of magma from the lithosphere or the asthenosphere into the crust leads to the underestimation of the crustal extensional factor ( McKenzie and Bickle, 1988 ). In order to obtain a more accurate estimate of this factor, it is necessary to calculate the volume and composition of the melting material generated by the extension of the lithosphere. Our knowledge of the composition of the Archean lithosphere is imperfect and is based on different, indirect sources of data. The first of these sources are the xenoliths that are brought rapidly to the surface via kimberlitic pipes from the deep lithosphere. The second source is the geochemical and isotopic content of the melting material at the surface that has erupted either from the lithosphere or the underlying asthenosphere. This permits a comparison to be made between the seismic velocities of the lithosphere and those expected from the appropriate combinations of minerals at the relevant pressures and temperatures ( Qiu et al., 1996; Zhang et al., 2008; Brown et al., 2009 ). The Palaeozoic diamondiferous kimberlites and the Cenozoic intraplate basalts, together with the hosted xenoliths, have provided important information on the evolution of the old continental lithosphere. Detailed research on Ordovician diamondiferous kimberlites and their mantle-derived xenoliths ( Chi et al., 1994 ), kimberlite heavy-mineral concentrations ( Zhou et al., 2001 ), and diamond inclusions ( Wang et al., 2005 ) have revealed the existence of an old and cold Archean lithospheric mantle down to a depth of 200 km below the Early Paleozoic crust. This old lithosphere has a geothermal flux similar to that of a craton ( Griffin et al., 1992 ), and the analysis of its composition shows strongly depleted elements ( Zheng and Lu, 1999 ), although the study of trace elements and Sr–Nd isotopic content shows an enrichment that is most likely to be due to a later metasomatism ( Zheng and Lu, 1999 ). In contrast, systematic studies of the mantle xenoliths from Cenozoic basalts in the eastern part of the craton have demonstrated a thin (< 80 km), hot and chemically less refractory lithosphere ( Menzies et al., 1993; Fan et al., 2000 ) with depleted Sr–Nd isotopes ( Fan et al., 2000 ). Minor EM1 and/or EM2 reservoirs are present beneath eastern China in the Mid-Tertiary ( Tatsumoto et al., 1992 ). In the Cenozoic episode, the geothermal flux was 65–80 mW/m 2 , which is similar to that of oceanic basins or tectonic belts. This implies that the lithospheric mantle beneath the North China block was modified extensively over a relatively short period of time, and a rigid lithosphere at least 120 km thick was removed ( Menzies et al., 1993; Fan et al., 2000 ). MT data show the existence of a high-conductivity layer at a depth of some 57 km under the northeastern end of the profile (long-dashed line in Fig. 10 ), whose uppermost level has been interpreted as being the bottom of the lithosphere ( Wei et al., 2006 ). We contend that this inference to a 57-km thick lithosphere, which includes the thickest crust ( Fig. 9 ), is unlikely to be reasonable. The high-conductivity layer is likely to be a magma body that has intruded from the asthenosphere. If this interpretation is correct, then the extension rates presented herein, both at the crustal- and lithosphere-scale, are underestimated. Even though the difference in the extension rates may stem from magma intrusion present either in the lithosphere or in the asthenosphere, we cannot distinguish the thermal mechanism from the mechanical delamination mechanism that encompasses the thinning of the lithosphere ( Wu et al., 2005; Gao et al., 2004, 2008; Zhu and Zheng, 2009 ). Regardless of whether the thinning of the lithosphere has occurred via delamination or thermal erosion that the removal of a part of the lithospheric root would destroy the negative buoyancy associated with it. One result of this destruction of the lithosphere would be the uplift of the overlying rock, including the Earth's surface ( England and Houseman, 1988; 1989; Zhang et al., 2010a,b ). Nevertheless, the present topographical dataset obtained from GPS measurements in mainland China does not support the uplift of the Earth's surface in Northern China. This suggests that the middle-to-lower crust may be flowing laterally, causing crustal thinning and partly leading to an underestimation of the crustal-scale extensional factor and to the discrepancies in extension at the basin, crust, and lithosphere scales. 7 Conclusions Based on a detailed analysis of the Anxin–Kuancheng long-offset seismic profile a P-wave velocity model of the crust in Northern China has been calculated. When the new results are combined with previous results on the thickness of the lithosphere ( Ma, 1987 ), the extensional characteristics of the crust–upper mantle system have been elucidated. A clear relationship may be observed between the volume of the shallow sedimentary cover and the thickness of the upper crust, in which the maximum sedimentary thickening (at Anci) corresponds with the minimum thickness of the upper crust, and vice versa, i.e. the thinnest sedimentary structure (Sanhe–Zunhua) corresponds with the thickest upper crust. It is also consistent with the thickness variations of the lithosphere, which range from 70 km under the southwestern part of the profile to 100 km under the northeastern part, and with the crustal thickness increase from 31 to 36 km over the same distance. Using the velocity changes (and terrane) along the wide-angle profile, we interpret the Baodi–Tongbai fault as the natural tectonic frontier between the North China Plain and the Yanshan Mountain Folded Belt. The crust shows a smooth lateral variation in velocity, but a strong vertical velocity gradient at its bottom, which results in a thin crust–mantle transition zone with rapidly increasing velocity. This transition zone is characterised by relatively high velocities indicating that mantle materials of mafic composition may have intraplated the lower crust after delamination of lithosphere. The results for the extensional deformation of the lithosphere show a clear dependence on depth. The lower crust is characterised by a significantly different deformation rate compared with the deformation that affects the uppermost part of the crust. This conclusion is supported mainly by the absence of any reflectivity from the lower crust, which is commonly attributed to large-magnitude ductile deformation (such as lower crust flow). Furthermore, the difference between the extensional factors in the crust (14%) and the subcrustal lithosphere (25%) may be the result of layer detachment in the crust, followed by the intrusion of magma from the lithospheric mantle. Wide-angle or near-vertical seismic profiles obtained in Northern China support the hypothesis of layer detachment in the middle crust, and as well as the earthquakes that generally occur at depths less than 20 km. These factors point to a brittle upper crust and a ductile middle-to-lower crust, which may flow laterally, leading to an underestimation of the depth-dependent extensional deformation in Northern China. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Dr. Yaming Zhang, Xi Zhang, Yun Chen and Bing Zhao for their assistances and for the use of their facilities, during the course of the study described herein, and in particular Professor Jiwen Teng for his helpful comments. The constructive suggestions made by Professor Hans Thybo and other two anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged and helped to improve the study. We are indebted to all those who made the seismic acquisition and kindly supplied us with the geophysical information necessary to make this study possible. The National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 40721003 , 40830315 ), the Chinese Academy of Sciences ( KZCX2-YW-132 ), the Ministry of Land and Resources of China and SinoProbe-02-02 all provided valuable support for this study. References Ai and Zheng, 2003 Y.S. Ai T.Y. Zheng The upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath eastern China Geophys. Res. Lett. 30 21 2003 10.1029/2003GL017678 Ai et al., 2003 Y.S. 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Sin. 15 1999 65 74 (in Chinese with abstract in English) Zheng et al., 2006 T. Zheng L. Chen L. Zhao Crust–mantle structure difference across the gravity gradient zone in North China Craton: seismic image of the thinned continental crust Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 159 2006 43 58 Zhou et al., 2001 X.H. Zhou C.H. Zhang J.H. Yang W.J. Chen M. Sun Sr–Nd–Pb isotope mapping of Late Mesozoic volcanic rocks across northern margin of North China Craton and implications of geodynamic processes Geochemistry 30 2001 10 23 (in Chinese with English abstract) Zhu and Zheng, 2009 R.X. Zhu T.Y. Zheng Destruction geodynamics of the North China Craton and its Paleoproterozoic plate tectonics Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 2009 3354 3366 10.1007/s11434-009-0451-5",
        "keywords": [
            "crustal structure",
            "extensional factor",
            "lithosphere thinning",
            "north china plain",
            "yanshan mountain folded belt",
            "transition zone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhongjie Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifu Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiming Bai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "José Badal",
                "org": "Physics of the Earth, Sciences B, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Tectonophysics",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "FBDrQprc": {
        "id": "FBDrQprc",
        "title": "Seismic wave radar research: using active source to detect continental crust structure",
        "abstract": "Three aspects of the progress in the seismic wave radar research were summarized: the transplantation of air gun technique,developed over the last 20 years of the 20th century,from the Marine to the mainland,the applications of the electromagnetic wave radar theory and information technology to seismology,and the new seismic array observation technique that lately emerged.Finally the field experiments were presented.The experimental results show that it is possible to establish the seismic wave radar that can illuminate 105 km2 of continental areas under ground(deep to Moho).",
        "keywords": [
            "seismic wave radar",
            "105 km2",
            "4D seismology",
            "air gun"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Earth and Space Sciences,USTC,Hefei ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Yi-jin",
                "org": "School of Earth and Space Sciences,USTC,Hefei ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of University of Science and Technology of China",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "kcvoKivY": {
        "id": "kcvoKivY",
        "title": "A new method for seismic imaging from ambient seismic noise",
        "abstract": "Recently,one of the hotly discussed problems in multidisciplinary fields is to use ambient seismic noise to extract the Green's function,i.e.,cross-correlating the seismic noise recorded by two stations to get the Green's function between these two stations,thus to improve our knowledge about subsurface structures by use of seismic imaging.In this paper,the developing background and process of this new method will be introduced firstly.And then its physical principle will be also shown from four different viewpoints.If this method could be developed more,seismic images with high resolution will be acquired without natural earthquakes or artificial explosions,but just the seismic ambient noise.This new method may greatly advance the development of seismology.",
        "keywords": [
            "Green's function",
            "seismic imaging",
            "cross-correlation",
            "ambient seismic noise"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "QI Cheng",
                "org": "Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Qi-fu",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Institute of Earthquake science,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Progress in Geophysics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "6uB7gt9J": {
        "id": "6uB7gt9J",
        "title": "Earthquakes and Seismic Hazard in China",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Qi",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science Progress in China",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "xV8INaJY": {
        "id": "xV8INaJY",
        "title": "Relation of deformation behavior precipitation and groundwater of Babaoshan fault in Beijing* with the",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "behavior change",
            "pore pressure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "fuqiong huang",
                "org": "institute of geophysics"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "changqing bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jing zhang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "rui yan",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "mingbo yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "congxin lan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaodong zhang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "zaisen jiang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "PqpJuQTW": {
        "id": "PqpJuQTW",
        "title": "Fine tomographic inversion of the upper crust 3-D structure around Beijing",
        "abstract": "Travel-time data from 3-D Moho reflection survey in 2002 are inverted using seismic tomographic method without blocks. The upper crustal 3-D structure of slowness of P, S wave and V  P/V  S around Beijing area are given. The slices of three structures in different depths reveal the NE and NW trends of slowness and V  P/V  S distributions. The upper crustal velocity images are resulted of the sedimental heterogeneity by active seismotectonics in the area. Most of regional earthquakes occurred in low-V  P/V  S zones, it indicates that earthquake activities are not only related to active faults and may be linked to crustal structure and its material property. There is a close relationship among velocity structure, active faults and upper crustal materials around Beijing area.",
        "keywords": [
            "beijing area",
            "upper crust",
            "inversion without blocks",
            "fine structure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "fuyun wang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiankang zhang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "qifu chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "jinren zhao",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhuoxin yang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "suzhen pan",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "nAZLb5pQ": {
        "id": "nAZLb5pQ",
        "title": "Rupture of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake inferred from direct P-wave imaging",
        "abstract": "The Sumatra-Andaman earthquake on December 26, 2004 is the first well recorded gigantic earthquake (moment magnitude Mw 9.3) by modern broadband seismic and Global Positioning System networks. The rich seismic and geodetic recordings have documented\n unprecedented details about the earthquake rupture, coseismic and postseismic deformations. This is a report of detailed images\n of the rupture process using the first-arriving compressional waves recorded by the China National Digital Seismic Network\n (CNDSN). An improved imaging condition was employed to account for the sparse distribution of the CNDSN stations. The resulting\n images are consistent with the major rupture features reported by previous seismic and geodetic studies. It is found that\n the earthquake rupture initiated at offshore of northwestern Sumatra and propagated in the north northwest direction at a\n speed of 2.7 ± 0.2 km/s. The rupture continued for at least 420 s and extended about 1200–1300 km along the Andaman trough\n with two bursts of seismic energy.",
        "keywords": [
            "cndsn",
            "sumatra-andaman earthquake",
            "earthquake rupture",
            "direct imaging"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "liu",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "ning",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "qifu",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "niu",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "fenglin",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "WUJwiXRG": {
        "id": "WUJwiXRG",
        "title": "THE CORRELATION OF DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR WITH PRECIPITATION AND GROUNDWATER OF THE BABAOSHAN FAULT IN BEIJING",
        "abstract": "We discuss the influence of precipitation and groundwater on the deformation behavior of the Babaoshan fault of Beijing by using long-term observation data from Dahuichang station during 1970-2003. The results show that (1) the pore pressure on fault zone as well as the fault deformation behavior exhibit periodically variation as precipitation changed steadily and periodically; (2) the periodicity of the pore pressure of fault zones disappeared and the manner of fault deformation behavior changes when precipitation was small and/or was in aberrance. This implies that rainfall plays a key role in fault deformation behavior through changing the pore pressure of fault zones. Combining the existing results about the Babaoshan fault, it is concluded that precipitation and groundwater may adjust the stress/strain field by controlling the deformation behavior of the fault, which can provide direct observation evidence for the interaction of fluid and solid in shallow crust of the earth.",
        "keywords": [
            "groundwater",
            "precipitation",
            "fault deformation behavior",
            "Babaoshan fault"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huang Fuqiong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bai Changqing",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Jing",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Rui",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Mingbo",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lan Congxin",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Xiaodong",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiang Zaisen",
                "org": " Institute of Geophysics . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China China Earthquake Vetzvork Center, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing , China China Earthquake Administration , Beijing . China Fengtai Observatory Station, Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality . Beijing , China Institute of Earthquake Science . China Earthquake Administration , Beijing  , China Earthquake Administration of Beijing Municipality , Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Seismologica Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "RyRuWKAe": {
        "id": "RyRuWKAe",
        "title": "Three-dimensional crustal gridded structure of the Capital area",
        "abstract": "After unified reprocessing of the 18 DSS profile data that are got in various periods in the Capital area,a digital crust model of velocity grid is obtained with sampling density 0.25°×0.25°×(2～5)km.Through 3-D data visualization,images of slice sections in different strikes and at depths are produced.Based on these images,the tectonic characteristics of the three main geological units,which control the crust in the Capital area including the Yanshan uplift in north,the Taihang uplift in southwest and the rift-depression basin in southeast,and the tectonic features of the contact zone——the Zhangjiakou-Bohai Sea seismic zone are studied from various aspects.Furthmore,the relation between the inner structure of the crust in the Capital area and the generation of catastrophic earthquakes is studied.",
        "keywords": [
            "capital area",
            "3-d crustal structure",
            "deep seismic sounding"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shixu jia",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "q i cheng",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "fuyun wang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "qifu chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiankang zhang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geophysics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "CFUF2F1h": {
        "id": "CFUF2F1h",
        "title": "Shallow Crustal Structures and Buried Active Faults Revealed by Seismic Reflection Profiles in the Northwest of Beijing Plain",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "crystalline basement",
            "active fault"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "baojin liu",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "h u ping",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiankang zhang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "shaoying feng",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "yongqi meng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoping yang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "y u shene",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "jinhu shi",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "kunpeng kou",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "4S1NxB0w": {
        "id": "4S1NxB0w",
        "title": "Vibration Induced by Train: A New Seismic Source and Observation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "l i li",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "wentao peng",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "l i gang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "qifu chen",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            },
            {
                "name": "yi tang",
                "org": "china earthquake administration"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "06xwjxKe": {
        "id": "06xwjxKe",
        "title": "Vibration analysis of ring stiffened cylindrical-conical shell structures based on a domain decomposition method",
        "abstract": "A domain decomposition approach is proposed for vibration analysis of ring stiffened cylindrical-conical shell (CCS) structures subjected to various boundary conditions. A stiffened CCS is divided into some stiffened-cylindrical and conical shell segments along the locations of the junctions and the geometry boundaries. The ring stiffeners are treated as discrete elements. The energy functional of a stiffened-cylindrical shell segment is obtained by appending the kinetic energy and strain energy of the rings to that of the attached shell from geometrical continuity considerations. All interface continuity constraints are incorporated into the system potential functional by means of a subdomain generalized variational principle and least-squares weighted residual method. Double mixed series, i. e. the Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, are adopted as assumed admissible displacement functions for each shell segment. Free and forced vibrations of stiffened CCSs are examined under free-free, free-clamped and clamped-clamped boundary conditions. The numerical results obtained from the present method show good agreement with those from the finite element program ANSYS. The present solution is very efficient, robust and accurate.",
        "keywords": [
            "Domain decomposition",
            "Forced vibration",
            "Free vibration",
            "Least-squares weighted residual method",
            "Ring stiffened cylindrical-conical shell",
            "Subdomain generalized variational principle"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "QU Ye-gao",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LONG Xin-hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Meng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Jisuan Lixue Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "e0haFMPn": {
        "id": "e0haFMPn",
        "title": "A new method for free vibration analysis of composite laminated shelles of revolution",
        "abstract": "A semi-analytical domain decomposition approach is proposed for free vibration analysis of laminated composite shells of revolution subjected to arbitrary boundary conditions. A laminated shell structure is divided into some shell segments along the axis of revolution. The geometrical boundaries are treated as special interfaces as those between two adjacent shell segments. All interface continuity constraints are incorporated into the system potential functional by means of a subdomain generalized variational principle and least-squares weighted residual method. Double mixed series, i.e. the Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, are adopted as assumed admissible displacement functions for each shell segment. In order to validate the proposed formulation, typical laminated shells of revolution, such as circular cylindrical, conical and spherical shells, with various combinations of edge support conditions, are examined. The numerical results obtained from the present method show good agreement with previously published results. The present solution is very efficient, robust and accurate. The computational advantage of the approach can be exploited to gather useful and rapid information about the effects of geometry and boundary conditions on the vibrations of laminated composite shells of revolution.",
        "keywords": [
            "Composite laminated shell of revolution",
            "Domain decomposition",
            "Free vibration",
            "Least-squares weighted residual method",
            "Subdomain generalized variational principle"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yegao Qu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HongXing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinhua Long",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Meng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lixue Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "BKGPbuH7": {
        "id": "BKGPbuH7",
        "title": "Free vibration analysis of thin shells of revolution based on domain decomposition method",
        "abstract": "A domain decomposition approach is presented for free vibration analysis of thin shells of revolution subjected to different combinations of boundary conditions. The shell structure is divided into some free shell segments along the meridional direction of the shell, and all interface continuity constraints are incorporated into the system potential functional by means of a modified variational principle and least-squares weighted residual method. Double mixed series, i.e. the Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, are adopted as assumed admissible displacement functions for each shell segment. By performing variational operation with respect to generalized coordinates, dynamic equations of motion for shells of revolution can be obtained. To test the convergence, efficiency and accuracy of the present method, typical shells of revolution, such as circular cylindrical, conical and parabolic shells, with different combinations of edge support conditions are examined. The numerical results obtained from the present method show good agreement with previously published results and those from the finite element program ANSYS, and the discrepancy is found to be very small and does not exceed 0.4% for the worst case. The convergence rate of natural frequencies is shown to be very fast and the stability of the present method is very good. The approach can be exploited to compute rapidly the effects of geometry and boundary conditions on the vibrations of thin shells of revolution.",
        "keywords": [
            "Domain decomposition",
            "Free vibration",
            "Modified variational principle",
            "Shell of revolution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yegao Qu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Meng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HongXing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinhua Long",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yingyong Lixue Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "qOp3oO58": {
        "id": "qOp3oO58",
        "title": "Simulation and test for hyperelastic sandwich coatings in crush dynamics",
        "abstract": "The dynamic crush behavior of hyperelastic sandwich coatings was investigated here.Without loss of generality,a unit periodic cell of the coating was studied,including wave transmission and the crush energy attenuating.The results of simulation and test showed that the initial imperfection plays an important role in crush dynamics;inertial effect enhances the stress plateau greatly;the behavior of cores against buckling has a great attenuating effect on crush energy.These effects were illustrated and quantified with the aid of detailed numerical simulation and test.",
        "keywords": [
            "inertial effects",
            "hyperelastic",
            "initial imperfection",
            "sandwich coatings"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhen-hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": "Naval Research Center,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhi-yi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUANG Xiu-chang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JIANG Ai-hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "BzEsq0lu": {
        "id": "BzEsq0lu",
        "title": "A review of studying on impact dynamics of sandwich structures",
        "abstract": "In order to understand the protection of sandwich structures against impact,studying on impact dynamics of sandwich structures at home and abroad was reviewed here.The review was expounded in five aspects,including modeling method,deformation failure,fluid-structure interaction(FSI) effect,cell topologies,and design parameters.At last,the conclusions were drawn,and the trend of future study was envisaged.",
        "keywords": [
            "study progress",
            "future trend",
            "sandwich structure",
            "impact dynamics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XIAO Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhen-hua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "MA Chao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "91W8KHta": {
        "id": "91W8KHta",
        "title": "Review of Research of Blast Impact of Sandwich Structures",
        "abstract": "In order to understand the protection performance of sandwich structures against explosion shock,domestic and international researches of dynamic responses of sandwich structures under impulsive blast were reviewed.At first,the sandwich constituents,core configurations and materials were introduced.Then,the review was focused on three aspects,namely analytical model,numerical simulation and experimental investigation.Finally,the methods and contents of the researches were summarized,and the future trend of the research was predicted.",
        "keywords": [
            "explosion shock",
            "vibration and wave",
            "protection performance",
            "sandwich structure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XIAO Feng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhen-hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHU Da-wei",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "K3uibGSM": {
        "id": "K3uibGSM",
        "title": "Acoustic Radiation from Laminated Conical Shells",
        "abstract": "In order to investigate acoustic radiation from cross-plied laminated conical shells, a theoretical model of acoustic radiation from conical shells is explored in detail.Fluid loadings acting on the conical shell are tackled by dividing the laminated conical shell into small cylindrical segments and the displacements of the conical shell are still described by the equations of motion for the conical shell on the basis of Reissner-Naghdi thin shell theory.The displacements of conical shell are solved by using wave propagation approach and Galerkin method.The far-field sound pressure is found in the wavenumber domain by the superposition of acoustic radiation from each cylinder with infinite circular cylindrical baffles at the two ends.Vibration and acoustic characteristics of laminated cone are studied.",
        "keywords": [
            "Acoustic radiation",
            "Conical shell",
            "Fluid loadings",
            "Laminated shell"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CAO Xiong-tao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Ship Mechanics",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "mkewuPFO": {
        "id": "mkewuPFO",
        "title": "A NEW METHOD FOR VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF JOINED CYLINDRICAL-CONICAL SHELLS",
        "abstract": "A domain decomposition approach is proposed for solving the free and forced vibration of joined conical-cylindrical-conical shell(CCCS) structures with different boundary conditions.The CCCS is preliminarily divided into cylindrical and conical shell substructures along the locations of the junctions and the prescribed-displacement boundaries;then these shell substructures are further decomposed into smaller cylindrical and conical shell segments to accommodate the computing requirement of high-order vibration modes and responses.The constraint equations derived from all interface continuity conditions are incorporated into the system energy function by means of the subdomain generalized variational principle and the least-squares weighted residual method,which involves the reduction of conditional extremum problems to extremum problems without any constraints.Double mixed series,i.e.the Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials,are adopted as assumed admissible displacement functions for each shell segment.To test the convergence,efficiency and accuracy of the present method,free and forced vibration solutions for CCCSs with different boundary conditions are compared with those obtained using finite elment program ANSYS.Good agreement is observed and the present solution is found to be very efficient,robust and accurate.",
        "keywords": [
            "joined cylindrical-conical shell",
            "domain decomposition",
            "free vibration",
            "least-squares weighted residual method",
            "forced vibration",
            "subdomain generalized variational principle"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "QU Ye-gao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MENG Guang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LONG Xin-hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Engineering Mechanics",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "I0FN2QS3": {
        "id": "I0FN2QS3",
        "title": "Analytic model for the response to water blast of one-dimensional naval structure with elastic foam coatings",
        "abstract": "Theoretical modeling on the water blast response of one-dimensional naval structure coated with elastic foam was carried out.The concentrated mass-spring model was applied to describe the nonlinear behavior of the foam.An analytic model for the wet face response,in consideration of the fluid/structure interaction was developed.The model concerns the cavitation and incorporates the momentum of reconstituted water attached to the wet face.The first order DAA method was used to solve the pressure in the spring-back and on the succeeding phase.The fidelity of the analytic model has been assessed by using FE simulations.",
        "keywords": [
            "Elastic foam coating",
            "Fluid-structure interaction",
            "Spring back",
            "Water blast"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory Mechanical System of Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhi-yi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory Mechanical System of Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory Mechanical System of Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": "Naval Research Center,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "g9uRTemQ": {
        "id": "g9uRTemQ",
        "title": "Research on the random vibration test of the satellite",
        "abstract": "The analysis technique of the structure random vibration response excited by the base is described. The appropriate finite element model of the dummy satellite is created for simulating the vibration qualification ground test, and the response analysis on axial and transverse random vibration tests of the dummy satellite have been done based on the finite element model. By analyzing the root mean square (RMS), the cumulative mean square (CMS) and the power spectrum density (PSD) of the acceleration response, the random vibration characteristic of the dummy satellite and the performance of the satellite against the dynamic environment is assessed. The results obtained are useful in improving the design of the instruments and in providing some reference to the launch reliability of the satellite.",
        "keywords": [
            "Driven-base excitation",
            "Dynamic environment",
            "Finite element method",
            "Random vibration",
            "Satellite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Jixie Qiangdu/Journal of Mechanical Strength",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "E2BPL6wT": {
        "id": "E2BPL6wT",
        "title": "A modified variational approach for vibration analysis of ring-stiffened conical-cylindrical shell combinations",
        "abstract": "This work presents a modified variational method for dynamic analysis of ring-stiffened conical-cylindrical shells subjected to different boundary conditions. The method involves partitioning of the stiffened shell into appropriate shell segments in order to accommodate the computing requirement of high-order vibration modes and responses. All essential continuity constraints on segment interfaces are imposed by means of a modified variational principle and least-squares weighted residual method. Reissner-Naghdi's thin shell theory combined with the discrete element stiffener theory to consider the ring-stiffening effect is employed to formulate the theoretical model. Double mixed series, i.e., the Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, are adopted as admissible displacement functions for each shell segment. To test the convergence, efficiency and accuracy of the present method, both free and forced vibrations of non-stiffened and stiffened shells are examined under different combinations of edge support conditions. Two types of external excitation forces are considered for the forced vibration analysis, i.e., the axisymmetric line force and concentrated point force. The numerical results obtained from the present method show good agreement with previously published results and those from the finite element program ANSYS. Effects of structural damping on the harmonic vibration responses of the stiffened conical-cylindrical-conical shell are also presented. © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "conical-cylindrical shell",
            "forced vibration",
            "free vibration",
            "modified variational principle",
            "ring stiffener",
            "structural damping"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yegao Qu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinhua Long",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HongXing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Meng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Mechanics, A/Solids",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "muR8YaSZ": {
        "id": "muR8YaSZ",
        "title": "A domain decomposition method for free vibration analysis of a joined conical-cylindrical-conical shell",
        "abstract": "A domain decomposition approach was proposed for solving free vibration of a joined conical-cylindrical-conical shell (CCCS), based on sub-domain generalized variational principle (SGVP) and least-square weighted residual method (LSWRM). The CCCS was preliminarily divided into a cylindrical shell and two conical shells along the locations of junctions, then these shell substructures were further decomposed into smaller cylindrical and conical shell segments to meet the computing requirements of high-order vibration modes. The constraint equations derived from interface continuity conditions between two adjacent shell segments could be incorporated into the system potential functional by means of SGVP and LSWRM, they changed a conditional extremum problem into an extremum problem without any constraints. Double mixed series, i.e., Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, were adopted as admissible displacement functions for each shell segment. To test the convergence, validity, efficiency and accuracy of the presented method, numerical results were compared with those obtained using the commercial soft ware ANSYS. Very good agreement was observed, and the convergence rate of the natural frequencies of the structure was shown to be very fast and the stability of the domain decomposition was very good.",
        "keywords": [
            "Domain decomposition",
            "Free vibration",
            "Joined conical-cylindrical-conical shell",
            "Least-square weighted residual method",
            "Sub-domain generalized variational principle"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "QU Ye-gao",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Meng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LONG Xin-hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "7NtM1wno": {
        "id": "7NtM1wno",
        "title": "Experimental research on the anti-perforated characteristics of the stiffened plate",
        "abstract": "Aiming at characteristics of different structure of stiffened plate stuck by high velocity projectiles with spherical and truncated oval nose,a series of experiments are carried out. The proposed target model, experiment process, test content and experiment results are reported. In the end,the empirical formula for predicting the limit velocity of stiffened plate stuck by projectiles with spherical and oval nose are sumed up to direct the future structure protection design.",
        "keywords": [
            "experimental research",
            "perforation",
            "empirical formula",
            "stiffened panel"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock and Noise,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": " Naval Ship Research Center, Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "TANG Ping",
                "org": " Institute of Structural Mechanics,China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Shi-quan",
                "org": " Institute of Structural Mechanics,China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": " State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock and Noise,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ordnance Material Science and Engineering",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "XIFraCsh": {
        "id": "XIFraCsh",
        "title": "Modeling and Dynamic Analysis of a Mechanical Excavator",
        "abstract": "This paper presents a robotic model and dynamic equations of a mechanical excavator based on the robot method. Firstly,according to the WS-005 mechanical excavator configuration and characteristics,a robotic model of this system was presented,by D-H principle. and kinematic equations could be obtained. Under an excavation task,the bucket digging trajectory based on the manipulator characteristics was gotten. Then,considering external forces in contact with the soil during the process,dynamic equations of this system were established by the Lagrange method. The dynamic results are abtained by simulation. whsch can provide a basis for the next intelligent control of the excavator.",
        "keywords": [
            "robot theory",
            "dynamics",
            "digging trajectory",
            "mechanicd excavator"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "FENG Guo-ping",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical system and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHOU Jian-peng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical system and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical system and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical system and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Machine Design & Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "jX3cfQwJ": {
        "id": "jX3cfQwJ",
        "title": "Dynamic response and shock resistance of layered claddings subjected to a non-contact underwater explosion",
        "abstract": "Coating rubber claddings onto the wet surface of a ship is widely used and is a very effective way to improve its UNDEX resistance. Here,based on background of ship protection and concept of functionally graded materials,the dynamic response and shock resistance of four layered honeycomb claddings subjected to a non-contact underwater explosion were investigated. Firstly,three groups of rubber test data were fitted with different hyperelastic constitutive models in ABAQUS finite-strain package. Then,a proper model was chosen. Moreover,the influence of shock wave amplitude,cell radius and arrangement on the dynamic response and shock resistance were analyzed. The results played an instructive role in understanding the dynamic behavior and protective mechanisms of these claddings and provided a guideline for selection and further optimal design of new types of claddings subjected to UNDEX.",
        "keywords": [
            "Functionally graded materials",
            "Hyperelastic constitutive model",
            "Rubber claddings",
            "Shock resistance",
            "Underwater explosion (UNDEX)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Xiao",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dawei Zhu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Sun",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxin Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "YIAKNf9O": {
        "id": "YIAKNf9O",
        "title": "Performance of an Elastic Polymer Foam Cushion in Attenuating Responses of Shipboard Standing-men to Vertical Ship Shock",
        "abstract": "Protection of shipboard personnel from shock events induced by underwater explosion is very interesting to ship de-signers.In this study,the potential attenuation performance of an elastic polymer foam cushion inserted between standing-man and ship deck is investigated theoretically.An 8-DOF nonlinear lumped-parameter model is used to predict the standing-man's biodynam-ic responses and injury potential.The cushion is modeled by a chain of masses separated by nonlinear springs and dampers in parallel to simulate the micro inertia,stiffness and rate-dependent effects exhibited by common polymer cellular materials.Two variables,kickoff speed(KS)ratio and deck reaction force(DRF)ratio corresponding to two types of typical injury potential of standing-men,are defined as evaluation parameters.The influence of critical buckling force level,material rate dependent effect as well as other de-sign factors on the attenuation performance of the foam cushion is discussed in detail.Some general design rules are also presented.",
        "keywords": [
            "ship vertical shock",
            "vibration and wave",
            "polymer foam cushion",
            "attenuation performance",
            "standing man"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WU Jing-bo",
                "org": "Unit 92537 of PLA,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Zhao-jun",
                "org": "Unit 92537 of PLA,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUANG Jian-song",
                "org": "Unit 92537 of PLA,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "yl0ACPzc": {
        "id": "yl0ACPzc",
        "title": "New Concept of Ship Anti-Shock Layer in Underwater Explosion Wave Isolation",
        "abstract": "The concept of ship anti -shock layer in underwater explosion wave isolation is developed based on the impedance mismatch theory. Wave equation and Taylor's flat plate model are adopted to derive fluid-structure interaction equations for the solid layer and the cavity layer. The numerical examples indicate that the ship anti -shock layer can isolate the underwater explosion wave from ship hull. The ship hull shock peak stress, acceleration and shock spectrum are attenuated significantly when the ship hull is covered with the anti-shock layer.",
        "keywords": [
            "shock isolation",
            "underwater explosion",
            "impedance mismatch",
            "anti-shock layer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": " Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hongxing",
                "org": " State Key Laboratory of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " State Key Laboratory of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "DU Jianye",
                "org": " Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "DU Zhipeng",
                "org": " Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science & Technology Review",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "vCpTH3kw": {
        "id": "vCpTH3kw",
        "title": "Tests and evaluation on shipboard personnel anti-shock shoes",
        "abstract": "null",
        "keywords": [
            "Anti-shock shoe",
            "Ship shock injury",
            "Shock tolerance",
            "Underwater explosion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HUANG Jian-Song",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing(Navy Academy of Armament),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Wang",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing(Navy Academy of Armament),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Zheng-Nian",
                "org": "Naval Medical Research Institute Shanghai(Polar Research Institute of China,Naval Medical Research Institute),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Shu-Cai",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "XkGpFikv": {
        "id": "XkGpFikv",
        "title": "Research about Velocity Empirical Formula of Sphericity Projectile Penetrating Stiffened Panel",
        "abstract": "With the help of the established numerical models,we can simulate the course of sphericity projectile penetrating different single stiffened panels by parameterized study.Then we can formulate some empirical formulas about ballistics limit and residual velocity,which are based on a large number of computation data.",
        "keywords": [
            "penetrate",
            "vibration and wave",
            "limit velocity",
            "single stiffened panel",
            "projectile",
            "residual velocity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "JIN Gu",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "AdG8Gghs": {
        "id": "AdG8Gghs",
        "title": "Experimental Study on Sound Transmission Loss in the Anti-shock Layer of a Ship",
        "abstract": "A new concept of ship anti-shock layer based on the impedance mismatch theory is developed by Naval Academy of Armament and Shanghai Jiao Tong University together.The underwater non-contact explosion loads can be isolated by the ship anti-shock layer very well.But the sound isolation performance caused by rubber material and the special cavity structure of the ship anti-shock layer was also concerned.The comparison experimental for sound radiation noise between a ship covered with and without the anti-shock layer was carried out in a harbor of a sea area.Testing results was showed that the anti-shock layer has very good sound isolation performance at wide-ranging frequency.Ship radiated noise can be reduced greatly when ship hulls covered with the anti-shock layer.About 5 dB can be depressed by the anti-shock layer at 0.1～1 kHz frequency band,about 10 dB at 1～3 kHz frequency band and about 15 dB above 3 kHz frequency band.The anti-shock layer will be a new technique and method to enhance ship stealthy ability.",
        "keywords": [
            "ship radiated noise",
            "experiment",
            "sound transmission loss",
            "anti-shock layer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xianzhou",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock and Noise"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock and Noise"
            },
            {
                "name": "DU Jianye",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock and Noise"
            },
            {
                "name": "DU Zhipeng",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock and Noise"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science & Technology Review",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "kypuMjT3": {
        "id": "kypuMjT3",
        "title": "A review of studying on impact dynamics of sandwich structures",
        "abstract": "In order to understand the protection of sandwich structures against impact, studying on impact dynamics of sandwich structures at home and abroad was reviewed here. The review was expounded in five aspects, including modeling method, deformation failure, fluid-structure interaction (FSI) effect, cell topologies, and design parameters. At last, the conclusions were drawn, and the trend of future study was envisaged.",
        "keywords": [
            "Future trend",
            "Impact dynamics",
            "Sandwich structure",
            "Study progress"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Xiao",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhua Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Ma",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "2PM7jwoS": {
        "id": "2PM7jwoS",
        "title": "Study on Dynamics of Anti-shock Ground Tiles for Warship’s Personnel",
        "abstract": "Based on the analysis of the hyperelastic characteristics of the honeycomb structure of ground tiles for anti-shock protection of warship’s personnel,the single cell model for periodic cellular structure was established,and its deformation behavior in dynamic compression and shock conditions was studied.Simulation results show that the anti-shock ground tiles have enough strength and rigidity to bear the load from personnel’s activities of the warship,while they can be crushed rapidly under shock load so as to absorb large amount of shock energy due to their preferable strain plateau phase.",
        "keywords": [
            "anti-shock ground tile",
            "plateau phase",
            "honeycomb cellular structure",
            "impact"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Lei",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHI Shao-hua",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "r4M6Uo31": {
        "id": "r4M6Uo31",
        "title": "Compression and shock resistance performances of an anti-shock layer coated on wet surface of a submarine",
        "abstract": "Rubber claddings coated on wet surface of a ship are widely used and are a very effective way to improve its UNDEX resistance.Here,with a background of submarine protection,in order to solve the contradiction between pressure born and shock resistance of a cladding,a hexagonal honeycomb anti-shock layer was improved and its compression and shock resistance performed were analyzed when it was coated on wet surface of a submarine.The influences of steel sheet thickness and eccentricity on its compression and shock resistance performances were discussed.The results provided a reference for design and further study on an anti-shock layer coated on wet surface of a submarine.",
        "keywords": [
            "rubber claddings",
            "UNDEX",
            "shock resistance",
            "high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness",
            "submarine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XIAO Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HUANG Xiu-chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHU Da-wei",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "Ptd9HqN0": {
        "id": "Ptd9HqN0",
        "title": "Compression and shock resistance performances of an anti-shock layer coated on wet surface of a submarine",
        "abstract": "Rubber claddings coated on wet surface of a ship are widely used and are a very effective way to improve its UNDEX resistance. Here, with a background of submarine protection, in order to solve the contradiction between pressure born and shock resistance of a cladding, a hexagonal honeycomb anti-shock layer was improved and its compression and shock resistance performed were analyzed when it was coated on wet surface of a submarine. The influences of steel sheet thickness and eccentricity on its compression and shock resistance performances were discussed. The results provided a reference for design and further study on an anti-shock layer coated on wet surface of a submarine.",
        "keywords": [
            "High static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness",
            "Rubber claddings",
            "Shock resistance",
            "Submarine",
            "UNDEX"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Xiao",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuchang Huang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dawei Zhu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "FHFjuGo2": {
        "id": "FHFjuGo2",
        "title": "Numerical Simulation of Structural Responses of a Ship Suffering Underwater Explosion",
        "abstract": "The dynamic responses of a ship structure suffering underwater explosion loads were simulated with the finite element method.The finite element model of the ship structure floating on a finite fluid body was established and successively analyzed using the coupled acoustic-structural algorithm to obtain the underwater explosion responses.Acceleration responses,shock spectrum as well as the transient stress/strain distribution of the structure were computed,which could be referenced in the shockproof design of ship's structures.",
        "keywords": [
            "fluid-structure interaction",
            "ship's structure",
            "underwater explosion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LUO Chao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Systems and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Systems and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhi-yi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Systems and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ship & Ocean Engineering",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "yHntCVr5": {
        "id": "yHntCVr5",
        "title": "Numerical investigation on perforation of projectile impacting stiffened plate",
        "abstract": "Based on the experimental perforation of projectile impacting stiffened plate, numerical simulations were conducted to study the failure pattern of target, projectile trajectory and the anti-perforation capability of target. The results show that stiffeners enhance the strength and rigidity of target, and change the whole structure capability and the failure pattern of target. For the single stiffened plate, single stiffened plate with 'T' sectioned stiffener and cross stiffened plate, the increase of limit penetration velocity for different stiffeners and projectiles is 35%-80%. The maximum deflexion angle of projectile is 35°-40°.",
        "keywords": [
            "Explosion mechanics",
            "Impact load",
            "Numerical simulation",
            "Perforation",
            "Projectile",
            "Stiffened plate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "YANG Shi-quan",
                "org": "China Academy of Engineering Physics(China Academy of Engineering Physics,CAEP,China Acad. of Eng. Phys.),Chengdu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Tang",
                "org": "China Academy of Engineering Physics(China Academy of Engineering Physics,CAEP,China Acad. of Eng. Phys.),Chengdu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hanneng Cailiao/Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "qfnYcMuu": {
        "id": "qfnYcMuu",
        "title": "Experiment on Stress Relaxation and Creep Properties of Human Thoraco-lumbar Vertebral Body and Intervertebral Disc",
        "abstract": "Objective To observe the viscoelasticity of thoraco-lumbar of young fresh cadavers,and to provide biomechanical parameters for clinical application and expermental research.%Methods Five fresh young cadavers,male,22 to 31 years,were provided,and 15 thoraco-lumbar spinal anatomies of five samples was separated within 1 h of death.WE-10A universal testing machine was used for creep and relaxation tests.Results Stress relaxation and creep deformation equations were derived from the biomechanics model and the measured and simulated curves were compared.The creep of vertebral body and intervertebral disc exhibited significantly changes in the first 5 min and 10 min,respectively.The stress decreased rapidly in the first 2 min,and then went balance gradually during the relaxation process.Conclusion Change rate of creep is significant at early stage,and gradually slows down,which indicates the differences between internal pressure and local pressure are decreased until being balanced.The simulated curve derived from equations coincides with experimental data in large degree,which states that the equation is rational and reliable.",
        "keywords": [
            "stress relaxation",
            "functional spinal unit(FSU)",
            "creep deformation",
            "vertebral body",
            "intervertebral disc",
            "spine biomechanics",
            "spring-dashpot model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HUANG Jian-song",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China;Naval Medical Research Institute,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yi-jin",
                "org": "Shanghai University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Dialysis and Artificial Organs",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "hFQkWcVM": {
        "id": "hFQkWcVM",
        "title": "Study on Transmission Paths in Submarine Stern Excited Longitudinally",
        "abstract": "It is effective to reduce vibration of a ship stern that vibration isolation on the dominant transmission path.The transmission paths model of a ship stern was built based on the ship stern structure.When excited longitudinally at the propeller,the transmission paths of stern is analyzed and sequenced by the transmission paths analysis method.The results show that the palace at bearing basement is a dominant path when excited longitudinally.Thus,when the dominant transmission path is identified,passive control or structural modifications on the path can attenuate vibration levels effectively.The numerical results explain that the acoustic radiations of the structure can reduced by modification of the bearings' rigidities and of bearing basement configuration.",
        "keywords": [
            "transmission path",
            "vibration and wave",
            "stern",
            "acoustic radiation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "FENG Guo-ping",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical system and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical system and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical system and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "UKkYtwjH": {
        "id": "UKkYtwjH",
        "title": "The Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure on the Effects of Ring-stiffened Cylindrical Shells Subjected to Underwater Explosion",
        "abstract": "With finite element method,the influences caused by hydrostatic pressure to deformation and failure model of ring-stiffened cylindrical shells are analyzed.Considering cavitation and the coupling of solid and fluid,the structure responses caused by combination of underwater explosion and hydrostatic pressure are simulated through modeling shell structure and its outer water.By comparing failure modes of shell caused by UNDEX with and without outer hydrostatic pressure,their influences on loading effects are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "ring-stiffened cylindrical shells",
            "vibration and wave",
            "explosion",
            "pulse",
            "hydrostatic pressure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "MA Hui-Fang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-Xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHEN Rong-Ying",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "CglkCpOP": {
        "id": "CglkCpOP",
        "title": "Study on blast response of a 3D sandwich plate with lattice core",
        "abstract": "The homogenization method for sandwich structures wity lattice core is extended to 3D structures and the solving approach to generalized stresses is improved. Using the presented method, the blast response of a 3D sandwich plate with two types of core styles is analyzed. It is proved that its computation efficiency is enhanced and it has a good precision when compared with full 3D FE method.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D sandwich plate",
            "Blast response",
            "Homogenization",
            "Lattice core"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhi-yi",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "KuA596wY": {
        "id": "KuA596wY",
        "title": "Active vibration isolation and underwater sound radiation control",
        "abstract": "Active vibration isolation and underwater sound radiation of structures are presented to investigate issues relevant to vibration control and far-field sound radiation of underwater structures. Finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM) are combined to model fluid–structure coupled systems. In the modeling of fluid–structure interaction, mode truncation and inertial coupling between fluid and structures are applied to sufficiently reduce model order. Moreover, the added mass matrix of fluid is modified to increase the accuracy of computation of natural frequencies of the coupled system. The modeling approach is presented especially for constructing time-domain models, which are inherently more suitable for exploring active control strategies than frequency-domain models for complicated and especially nonlinear systems. Adaptive control with two different weight updating algorithms is discussed. One is based on the local vibration and the other on the summed vibration. In the simulation example, a model of two degrees of freedom connected to a rigidly baffled plate with stiffeners is used to demonstrate the difference between active isolation of vibration and the suppression of far-field sound radiation, and it is demonstrated that suppression of summed vibration can result in smaller sound radiation than the suppression of local vibration only.",
        "keywords": [
            "vibration control",
            "adaptive control",
            "nonlinear system",
            "boundary element method",
            "time domain",
            "finite element method",
            "frequency domain",
            "natural frequency",
            "vibration isolation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuewen Yin",
                "org": "Institute of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Institute of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Sound and Vibration",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "DkKncZKj": {
        "id": "DkKncZKj",
        "title": "Influences of design parameters on underwater explosion shock resistance of chiral honeycomb rubber cladding",
        "abstract": "Test data of rubber material were fitted with hyperelastic constitutive models in ABAQUS finite-strain package. On the basis of the fitting results, a proper model was proposed. Furthermore, dynamic responses of chiral honeycomb rubber claddings subjected to UNDEX were investigated, and the influences of main design parameters including height, porosity and panel material on shock resistance were discussed. It is found that as cladding's height, porosity and panel wave impedance increase, its shock resistance and buffering effect will be improved. The conclusions play an instructive role in understanding the protective mechanism and the performance of chiral honeycomb claddings subjected to underwater explosion, and also provide a guideline to further optimal design.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chiral honeycomb rubber claddings",
            "Design parameters",
            "Dynamic response",
            "Hyperelastic constitutive model",
            "Shock resistance",
            "UNDEX"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Xiao",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dawei Zhu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Ma",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "3t0HprHQ": {
        "id": "3t0HprHQ",
        "title": "Study of transmission paths in a flexible system based on power flow",
        "abstract": "Vibration control technique is a key problem in the recent research field of vibration control engineering. Firstly, to take account of flexibility of both machines and supporting structures, a flexible system model is established where both machine and foundation is beam structures. Then, with a power flow transmissibility method, the vibration transmission paths in the system are studied. And the influences of different stiffness and boundary conditions on the transmission power are also discussed. Those can provide a basis for the transmission power prediction and control of the flexible system.",
        "keywords": [
            "Flexible system",
            "Power flow",
            "Transmission path",
            "Vibration control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guoping Feng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuchang Huang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Jixie Qiangdu/Journal of Mechanical Strength",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "cJaL6fi3": {
        "id": "cJaL6fi3",
        "title": "Theoretical analysis on active vibration isolation and underwater sound radiation",
        "abstract": "Active vibration isolation and underwater sound radiation of structures are presented to discuss issues relevant to vibration control and far field sound radiation. FEM and BEM are combined to model fluid-structure coupled systems. In the modeling of fluid-structure interaction, mode truncation and inertial coupling between fluid and structures are applied to sufficiently reduce model order. Moreover, the added mass matrix of fluid is modified to increase the accuracy of computation of natural frequencies of the coupled system. The modeling approach is presented especially for constructing time domain models, which are inherently more suitable for exploring active control strategies than frequency domain models for complicated and especially nonlinear systems. Adaptive control with two different weight updating algorithms is discussed. One is based on the local acceleration and the other on the approximate near field sound pressure. In the simulation example, a model of two degrees of freedom connected to a rigidly baffled plate with stiffeners is used to demonstrate the difference between active isolation of vibration and the suppression of far filed sound radiation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Active vibration isolation",
            "BEM",
            "FEM",
            "Fluid structure interaction",
            "Underwater sound radiation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XueWen Yin",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "xS916uTa": {
        "id": "xS916uTa",
        "title": "Research of Anti-shock Layer and Innovation Design",
        "abstract": "The dynamic crush behavior of an anti-shock layer with elastic foundation was investigated.Considering the hyperelastic and viscoelastic behavior of the material,the shock resistance capacity of the anti-shock layer was analyzed.Influence of the structure parameters,such as relative density,edge length and topological shape,on the anti-shock performance of the layer was studied.It was found that in low frequency range the shock spectrum is lower when the relative density and the edge length of the layer are smaller,and round hole is the best choice for the anti-shock layer.While in high and middle frequency range,the anti-symmetric honeycomb structures have the best dynamic performance.On the base of the analysis,the optimization design,called anti-shock double-layer structure,has been provided,which has excellent dynamic performance compared to the traditional anti-shock layer.",
        "keywords": [
            "chiral structure",
            "hyperelastic",
            "anti-shock double-layer structure",
            "antisymmetric honeycomb structure",
            "shock",
            "anti-shock layer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhen-hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": "Naval Research Center, Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XIAO Feng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "sP9rRpjq": {
        "id": "sP9rRpjq",
        "title": "A Fluid-structure Coupling and Dynamic Model of Ship Anti-shock Layer for Underwater Explosion Wave Isolation",
        "abstract": "A fluid-structure coupling and dynamic model of ship anti-shock layer for underwater explosion wave isolation is developed to describe the complex structural dynamics and hydrodynamics characteristics of the anti-shock layer due to underwater explosion based on the multi-DOF dynamic theory,Taylor's flat plate model and DAA1 methods.The anti-shock layer shock response is split into three sequential steps:stage I is the one-dimensional fluid-structure interaction problem during the blast loading event,and results in a accelerated motion of the outer face sheet,and the cavitation occur in the water;during stage II the core crushes while the velocity of the outer face sheet bring down,additional impulse due to the water particles play an important role;stage III is the retardation phase over which the anti-shock layer is brought to rest by elastic restoring force and fluid pressure.The third-stage analytical procedure is used to obtain the dynamic response of the anti-shock layer to an underwater explosion.The analytical procedure and case study indicate the proposed model can deal with the ship anti-shock layer with complex core structures and the core density have a significant impact on the cushion effects of the ship anti-shock layer.The influence of the core density to the cushion performances is analyzed.These performances can be used to determine the optimal geometry to maximize shock resistance for a given mass of the anti-shock layer.",
        "keywords": [
            "shock isolation",
            "fluid-structure coupling",
            "underwater explosion",
            "the anti-shock layer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIU Dongyue",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "DU Jianye",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "DU Zhipeng",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science & Technology Review",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "R1ezIbTo": {
        "id": "R1ezIbTo",
        "title": "Protective effects of hyper-elastic sandwiches coated onto metal boxes subjected to underwater explosion",
        "abstract": "In order to explore the protective effects of the elastic rubber sandwich layer coated onto a ship hull,a series of 5-kg-TNT-equivalent underwater explosion tests were conducted on a floating steel box before and after the rubber sandwich was coated onto to comprehend the dynamic performance of the protective layer.Acceleration,strain and wall pressure histories at several typical locations were monitored as the main criteria and analyzed.The super-elastic protective layer is capable of lowering both acceleration and strain peaks of hull structures effectively.The wall pressure histories near the bottom hull illustrate that the transmitted impulse during the initial fluid-structure interaction stage can be reduced by almost 50%.Shock response spectrum analysis demonstrates that the elastic protective layer performs much like a low pass filter.It is capable of moderating high-frequency components of shock responses greatly,but not very effective in reducing low-frequency components.",
        "keywords": [
            "Protective effect",
            "Sandwich layer",
            "Solid mechanics",
            "Super-elastic",
            "Underwater explosion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Lab of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Lab of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": "Institute of Naval Vessels,Naval Academy of Armament,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GOU Hou-yu",
                "org": "State Key Lab of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Explosion and Shock Waves",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "2eKgGzNp": {
        "id": "2eKgGzNp",
        "title": "Vibration analysis of ring-stiffened conical-cylindrical-spherical shells based on a modified variational approach",
        "abstract": "In this paper, free vibration characteristics of conical-cylindrical- spherical shell combinations with ring stiffeners are investigated by using a modified variational method. Reissner-Naghdi's thin shell theory in conjunction with a multilevel partition technique, viz., stiffened shell combination, shell component and shell segment, is employed to formulate the theoretical model. The displacement fields of each shell segment are expressed as a product of orthogonal polynomials along the meridional direction and Fourier series along the circumferential direction. The ring stiffeners in shell combinations are treated as discrete elements. Convergence and comparison studies for both non-stiffened and stiffened conical-cylindrical-spherical shells with different boundary conditions (e.g., free, clamped and elastic supported boundary conditions) are carried out to verify the reliability and accuracy of the present solutions. Some selected mode shapes are illustrated to enhance the understanding of the research topic. It is found the present method exhibits stable and rapid convergence characteristics, and the present results, including the natural frequencies and the mode shapes, agree closely with those solutions obtained from the finite element analyses. The effects of the number and geometric dimensions of ring stiffeners on the natural frequencies of a submarine pressure hull are also investigated. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "conical-cylindrical-spherical shell",
            "discrete element",
            "free vibration",
            "modified variational method",
            "ring stiffener"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yegao Qu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shihao Wu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HongXing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Mechanical Sciences",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "c0YDKRpi": {
        "id": "c0YDKRpi",
        "title": "Overview on the numerical implementation of the underwater explosion of ships",
        "abstract": "Numeral simulation on the underwater explosion can reduce the experimental cost effectively,and offer the ship design a quicker and exact guidance. In recent years,it arouses the attention from navy of many countries. The numerical implementation in common use currently is summarized in two aspects of the far-field underwater explosion and near-field underwater explosion. On the basis of comparing the relative merit and application range of these methods,an expectation on future development is also made.",
        "keywords": [
            "overview",
            "ship",
            "numerical implementation",
            "underwater explosion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " State Key Lab of VSN,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Yu",
                "org": " Naval Research center,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHEN Rong-ying",
                "org": " State Key Lab of VSN,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": " State Key Lab of VSN,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ship Engineering",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "cudrg8Is": {
        "id": "cudrg8Is",
        "title": "Influence of Thrust Bearing's Oil Film Stiffness on the Coupled Vibration of the Shafting-ship Hull Structure",
        "abstract": "Thrust bearing is one of the most important components which affect the coupled vibration of the shafting-hull coupled structure.Its impedance characteristics affect the transmission characteristics of the longitudinal oscillatory force from the propeller to the hull structure directly.So,the thrust bearing' s oil film stiffness in the ship propulsion system has a critical influence on the coupled vibration of the shafting-ship hull structure.The thrust bearing' s dynamic characteristics have been investigated in this paper and the thrust bearing' s oil film stiffness at different propulsion speeds is obtained,which is further applied to the dynamic model of the shafting-hull structure.The coupled vibration of the shafting-hull structure at different propulsion speeds is analyzed.The results show that the thrust bearing's oil film stiffness at the low and medium propulsion speeds is the leading factor that affects the transmission of the longitudinal oscillatory force from the propeller to the hull structure,hence it must be considered in the prediction and control of the hull-structure's vibration and acoustic radiation induced by the longitudinal oscillatory force.",
        "keywords": [
            "vibration and wave",
            "oil film stiffness",
            "acoustic radiation",
            "structural vibration",
            "thrust bearing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Dong-liang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhi-yi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "l6l9HSw8": {
        "id": "l6l9HSw8",
        "title": "A Domain Decomposition Approach for Vibration Analysis of Joined Structures",
        "abstract": "A domain decomposition approach was proposed for vibration analysis of joined structures with general boundary conditions.The joined structure is preliminarily divided into several substructures along the locations of the junctions and the prescribed-displacement boundaries;then these substructures are further decomposed into regular subdomains to accommodate the computing requirement of high-order vibration modes.The constraint equations derived from interface continuity conditions between two adjacent subdomains are incorporated into the system energy functional by means of a subdomain generalized variational principle and least-squares weighted residual method,which involves the reduction of conditional extremum problems to extremum problems without any constraints.To test the convergence,efficiency and accuracy of the present method,a typical joined conical-cylindrical-conical shell with ring stiffeners was examined.Numerical solutions for natural frequency and dynamical response of the joined shell were compared with those obtained using the finite element program ANSYS.The present solution is found to be very efficient,robust and accurate.",
        "keywords": [
            "domain decomposition",
            "vibration analysis",
            "subdomain generalized variational",
            "least-squares weighted residual method",
            "joined structure"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "QU Ye-gao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MENG Guang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LONG Xin-hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "GFsPrT8Z": {
        "id": "GFsPrT8Z",
        "title": "Comparative Study on UNDEX Resistance of the Air-backed Stiffened Plate with Various Covering Layers",
        "abstract": "In order to improve stealthy capacity of a submarine,acoustic layers with special hollow structures are usually covered on hull surfaces of the submarine.The hollow structures can deform and absorb energy when they are subjected to underwater explosion(UNDEX),which can greatly raise the submarine’s anti-shock performance.In this paper,comparative study on UNDEX resistance of the air-backed stiffened plate with various covering layers was carried out.The acceleration and strain responses of the typical positions of the stiffened plate were obtained by the testing.And the antishock effects of the stiffened plate with various covering layers were compared.The results may provide a guideline for the design and study of the acoustic covering layers against UNDEX.",
        "keywords": [
            "vibration and wave",
            "strain",
            "acceleration",
            "underwater explosion",
            "covering layer",
            "shock resistance.",
            "stiffened plate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XIAO Feng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUANG Xiu-chang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHU Da-wei",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "QtI1L765": {
        "id": "QtI1L765",
        "title": "Dynamic crush behavior and performance of layered honeycomb hyperelastic rubber claddings",
        "abstract": "Coating rubber claddings onto the wet surface of a ship is widely used and is a very effective way to improve its UNDEX resistance. How to design good claddings becomes a great concern of Navy. Here,based on the background of ship's protection and conception of functionally graded materials,the in-plane dynamic crush behavior and mechanical performance of four periodic layered honeycomb claddings were investigated at the lateral constant speed to load. Firstly,three groups of rubber test data were fitted with the models in ABAQUS. Then,a proper model was chosen. Moreover,the influence of compressive velocity and cell size and arrangement was analyzed from four aspects including deformation characteristic,peak reaction force,peak time and energy absorption. The results played an instructive role in understanding the dynamic behavior of claddings and provided a guideline for selecting protective claddings and their further multi-objective optimal design when subjected to UNDEX.",
        "keywords": [
            "functionally graded materials",
            "rubber claddings",
            "UNDEX",
            "crush behavior and mechanical performance",
            "hyperelastic model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XIAO Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "SUN Jing-ya",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Xing-tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "WfTgc4xE": {
        "id": "WfTgc4xE",
        "title": "Experimental Research on Whole-Spacecraft Vibration Suppression",
        "abstract": "The experimental research on the whole-spacecraft vibration suppression,is carried out,where a series of isolator elements are interposed between the adapter and the launch vehicle,and a constrained damping layer is attached to the adapter surface.The acceleration responses of the concerned locations are measured as the whole-spacecraft vibration suppression system is under axial and lateral base excitation,the frequency responses with and without vibration suppression system are compared to verify the efficacy.According to the experimental results,it indicates that the whole-spacecraft vibration suppression system can effectively isolate the spacecraft axial / lateral vibration due to the broadband structure-born launch environment,reduce the launch-induced dynamic loads to the satellite to enhance the launch reliability.",
        "keywords": [
            "Constrained damping layer",
            "Isolator",
            "Launch vehicle",
            "Vibration suppression"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhang Jun",
                "org": "State key laboratory of vibration,shock &noise Shanghai Jiao tong University,Shanghai,,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "State key laboratory of vibration,shock &noise Shanghai Jiao tong University,Shanghai,,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Hongxing",
                "org": "State key laboratory of vibration,shock &noise Shanghai Jiao tong University,Shanghai,,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang zhiyi",
                "org": "State key laboratory of vibration,shock &noise Shanghai Jiao tong University,Shanghai,,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Sw1tWZ5W": {
        "id": "Sw1tWZ5W",
        "title": "A variational method for free vibration analysis of joined cylindrical-conical shells",
        "abstract": "A variational method is proposed to study the free vibration of joined cylindrical-conical shells (JCCSs) subjected to classical and non-classical boundary conditions. A JCCS is divided into its components (i.e., conical and cylindrical shells) at the cone-cylinder junction. The interface continuity and geometric boundary conditions are approximately enforced by means of a modified variational principle and least-squares weighted residual method. No constraints need to be imposed a priori in the admissible displacement functions for each shell component. Reissner-Naghdi's thin shell theory is used to formulate the theoretical model. Double mixed series, i.e. the Fourier series and Chebyshev orthogonal polynomials, are adopted as admissible displacement functions for each shell component. To test the convergence, efficiency and accuracy of the present method, free vibrations of JCCSs are examined under various combinations of edge support conditions. The results obtained in this study are found to be in a good agreement with previously published results where possible, and those from the finite element program ANSYS. The effects of elastic foundation stiffness and semi-vertex angle on frequency characteristics of the JCCSs are also discussed. © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.",
        "keywords": [
            "boundary condition",
            "free vibration",
            "joined cylindrical-conical shell",
            "least-squares weighted residual method",
            "modified variational principle"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yegao Qu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinhua Long",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Meng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "JVC/Journal of Vibration and Control",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "t0eS8NZE": {
        "id": "t0eS8NZE",
        "title": "Saturation alleviation in active vibration isolation and sound radiation control",
        "abstract": "Discussed were the influence of output saturation in active vibration isolation and sound radiation control and the method for saturation alleviation.A time domain model describing the coupled vibration of fluid-structure systems was established by the FEM/BEM approach,in which the added mass due to fluid is modified to ensure the accuracy of natural characteristics of the coupled system.With the time domain model,an adaptive vibration control strategy with saturation alleviation was constructed.Simulation was conducted with a single-degree-of-freedom model connected to a simply supported stiffened plate,which is rigidly baffled and coupled with water at one side.The results demonstrate that the scheme for saturation alleviation can substantially improve the performance of active isolation of vibration and reduce the radiated sound from the stiffened plate.",
        "keywords": [
            "output saturation",
            "fluid-structure interaction",
            "active vibration isolation",
            "adaptive control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhi-yi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and VibrationShanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Jun-fang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and VibrationShanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and VibrationShanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and VibrationShanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "0QKEYWfR": {
        "id": "0QKEYWfR",
        "title": "Performance Analysis of the Whole-Spacecraft Isolator",
        "abstract": "This paper presents the performance analysis of the whole-spacecraft isolation systemwhichinsert dozens of isolators betweenthe payload attachfitting andthe launch vehicle withlittle change of the existinglaunch hardware.The randomresponse analysisfor the finite element model of the whole-spacecraft isolation systemis giveninterms of the power density spectrumandthe rootmean square.Accordingtothe results of the randomanalyses,it shows that the whole-spacecraft isolation systemcan effectivelyisolatethe spacecraft axial/lateral vibration due to the broadband structure-born launch environment,reduce the launch-induceddynamic loads of the satellite andits components,as well as increase the launchreliability.",
        "keywords": [
            "Isolator",
            "Launch vehicle",
            "Random vibration",
            "Satellite",
            "Vibration isolation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Jun",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock & Noise Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai  China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock & Noise Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai  China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Zhi-yi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock & Noise Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai  China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Vibration,Shock & Noise Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai  China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Astronautics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "UeDPI4mi": {
        "id": "UeDPI4mi",
        "title": "Dynamic crush behavior and performance of layered honeycomb hyperelastic rubber claddings",
        "abstract": "Coating rubber claddings onto the wet surface of a ship is widely used and is a very effective way to improve its UNDEX resistance. How to design good claddings becomes a great concern of Navy. Here, based on the background of ship's protection and conception of functionally graded materials, the in-plane dynamic crush behavior and mechanical performance of four periodic layered honeycomb claddings were investigated at the lateral constant speed to load. Firstly, three groups of rubber test data were fitted with the models in ABAQUS. Then, a proper model was chosen. Moreover, the influence of compressive velocity and cell size and arrangement was analyzed from four aspects including deformation characteristic, peak reaction force, peak time and energy absorption. The results played an instructive role in understanding the dynamic behavior of claddings and provided a guideline for selecting protective claddings and their further multi-objective optimal design when subjected to UNDEX.",
        "keywords": [
            "Crush behavior and mechanical performance",
            "Functionally graded materials",
            "Hyperelastic model",
            "Rubber claddings",
            "UNDEX"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Xiao",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Sun",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingtian Liu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "d2jzHHMZ": {
        "id": "d2jzHHMZ",
        "title": "A domain decomposition approach for vibration analysis of joined structures",
        "abstract": "A domain decomposition approach was proposed for vibration analysis of joined structures with general boundary conditions. The joined structure is preliminarily divided into several substructures along the locations of the junctions and the prescribed-displacement boundaries; then these substructures are further decomposed into regular subdomains to accommodate the computing requirement of high-order vibration modes. The constraint equations derived from interface continuity conditions between two adjacent subdomains are incorporated into the system energy functional by means of a subdomain generalized variational principle and least-squares weighted residual method, which involves the reduction of conditional extremum problems to extremum problems without any constraints. To test the convergence, efficiency and accuracy of the present method, a typical joined conical-cylindrical-conical shell with ring stiffeners was examined. Numerical solutions for natural frequency and dynamical response of the joined shell were compared with those obtained using the finite element program ANSYS. The present solution is found to be very efficient, robust and accurate.",
        "keywords": [
            "Domain decomposition",
            "Joined structure",
            "Least-squares weighted residual method",
            "Subdomain generalized variational",
            "Vibration analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yegao Qu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Meng",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinhua Long",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Shanghai Jiaotong Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "rZkWfRsV": {
        "id": "rZkWfRsV",
        "title": "Dynamic Response and Shock Resistance of Chiral Honeycomb Rubber Claddings Subjected to Underwater Explosion",
        "abstract": "As a valuable composite structure,the dynamic response,shock resistance and the mechanism of chiral honeycomb rubber claddings subjected to UNDEX was studied.Rubber test data were fitted using the hyper-elastic models in ABAQUS finite-strain package.On this basis,a suitable constitutive model was chosen.Then,the dynamic characteristics of the structure and the influence of main design parameters,including height and porosity of the structure,on shock resistance were analyzed and discussed.The results have provided a clew for understanding the shock-resistance mechanism of the claddings subjected to underwater explosion,and a guideline for further optimal design of this structure.",
        "keywords": [
            "vibration and wave",
            "UNDEX",
            "design parameters",
            "shock resistance",
            "hyperelastic constitutive model",
            "chiral honeycomb rubber claddings",
            "shock"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XIAO Feng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MA Chao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SUN Jing-ya",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Noise and Vibration Control",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "mUqiSBge": {
        "id": "mUqiSBge",
        "title": "Active control of the longitudinal-lateral vibration of a shaft-plate coupled system",
        "abstract": "The coupled longitudinal-lateral vibration of a shaft-plate system and its suppression by means of a feedback control scheme are discussed. A simplified model of the system is established through synthesis of frequency response functions (FRFs) and verified with the finite element method (FEM). This analytical model describes the coupled longitudinal-lateral vibration of the system induced by longitudinal periodic excitation at the free end of the shaft. Based on this model, vibration control via longitudinal actuation on the shaft and active vibration cancellation are studied. The active control scheme is based on an adaptive feedback scenario and a novel mechanism of adaptation of the controller's gain, which is proposed for time-varying dynamics induced by the variation of the axial spring stiffness. Simulation results have demonstrated that the control scheme is effective in attenuating vibration of the system. Furthermore, axial actuation on the shaft is able to cancel the effect of the longitudinal disturbance acting at the free end of the shaft and consequently reduces the internal forces as well as the vibration in the plate. However, deviation of the actuation force from the shaft axis will deteriorate control of the lateral vibration and sufficiently small deviation needs to be guaranteed. Copyright © 2012 by ASME.",
        "keywords": [
            "adaptive feedback control",
            "frf synthesis",
            "longitudinal-lateral vibration",
            "time-varying system",
            "vibration control",
            "feedback",
            "force",
            "vibration",
            "displacement"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emiliano Rustighi",
                "org": "University of Southampton(University of Southampton),Southampton,United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, Transactions of the ASME",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "47EHA72w": {
        "id": "47EHA72w",
        "title": "Performance of an elastic polymer foam cushion in attenuating responses of shipboard standing-men to ship vertical shock",
        "abstract": "How to protect shipboard personnel from the shock events induced by underwater explosion is a very interesting subject for ship designers. In this study, the potential attenuation performance of an elastic polymer foam cushion inserted between standing-man and ship deck is investigated theoretically. An 8-degree-of-freedom nonlinear lumped-parameter model is applied to predict the standing-man's biodynamic responses and injury potential. The cushion is modeled by a chain of masses separated by nonlinear springs and dampers in parallel to simulate the micro inertia, stiffness and rate-dependent effects exhibited by common polymer cellular materials. Two variables, kickoff speed ratio and deck reaction force ratio corresponding to two types of typical injury potential of standing-men, are defined as evaluation parameters. The influence of critical buckling force level, material rate dependent effect as well as some other design factors on the attenuation performance of the foam cushion is discussed in detail. Some general design rules are also presented. © 2012 The Author(s).",
        "keywords": [
            "attenuation performance",
            "polymer foam cushion",
            "ship vertical shock",
            "standing man"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Wang",
                "org": "Naval Research Center(Naval Research Center),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "JVC/Journal of Vibration and Control",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "9K0JkXyS": {
        "id": "9K0JkXyS",
        "title": "An analytic model for the water blast response of one-dimensional marine structure coated with elastic foam",
        "abstract": "The water blast response of one-dimensional marine structures coated with elastic foam is theoretically investigated. The\n foam coating is modeled by a group of concentrated masses separated by parallel massless nonlinear spring and damper, simulating\n the micro inertia, stiffness, and rate-dependent effects exhibited by common cellular materials. An analytic model for the\n wet face response, inclusive of fluid-structure interaction, is developed. The model addresses cavitation and takes into account\n the momentum of reconstituted water attached to the wet face. The first-order double asymptotic approximation method is used\n to compute the pressure during the spring-back and succeeding phase. The fidelity of the analytic model has been assessed\n by the finite element analysis.",
        "keywords": [
            "elastic foam coating",
            "fluid-structure interaction",
            "spring back",
            "water blast",
            "finite element analysis",
            "first order"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, 200240 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Wang",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament, 100073 Beijing, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Xing Hua",
                "org": "Institute of Vibration, Shock and Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, 200240 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Archive of Applied Mechanics",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "1TTEMoCO": {
        "id": "1TTEMoCO",
        "title": "Crush dynamics of square honeycomb thin rubber wall",
        "abstract": "Previous experimental study has proven that rubber honeycomb claddings with thin rubber core can be used to attenuate the water blast wave impinged onto ship hull. As a theoretical extension, the dynamic crush behavior of the square honeycomb core made by thin rubber wall is investigated in this paper. As the dynamic effects play a significant role in the behavior of core, several distinct dynamic effects are analyzed including inertial resistance, nonlinear elasticity, inertial stabilization of webs against buckling, and material viscosity. The influences of the initial imperfection shape and amplitude are discussed too. These effects are illustrated and quantified with the aid of detailed numerical calculations. Some preliminary attempts are also made on the theoretical prediction on the stress wave transmission process. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Crush dynamics",
            "Rubber honeycomb claddings",
            "Square honeycomb",
            "Thin rubber wall"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZhiYi Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, 200240 Shanghai, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Wang",
                "org": "Naval Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing, Box 1303-14, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Institute of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, 200240 Shanghai, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Thin-Walled Structures",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "iqagiVLm": {
        "id": "iqagiVLm",
        "title": "Attenuating performance of a polymer layer coated onto floating structures subjected to water blasts",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "attenuating performance",
            "polymer coatings",
            "water blasts",
            "low pass filter",
            "spectrum analysis",
            "shock wave"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Houyu Gou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Mechanics A-solids",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "ZrJvWeEw": {
        "id": "ZrJvWeEw",
        "title": "Tonal vibration suppression with a model-free control method",
        "abstract": "A novel model-free control method for actively suppressing tonal structural vibration is investigated through numerical simulation and experiment. The model-free control method is established on the least-mean-squares-based adaptive feedback control principle, and an instrumental mechanism for adjusting the controller parameters is proposed to guarantee convergence of the algorithm. In the numerical verification of the model-free control method, a shaft-plate system is used to derive a lightly damped dynamic model, which is obtained by frequency response function synthesis, while in the experiment a shaft-cylinder system with time-varying dynamics is applied to evaluate the control system with respect to its potential in vibration control. In the control system, an electromagnetic actuator mounted on the shaft is enforced with the model-free control method to cancel vibration induced by the disturbance forces. Simulation results have demonstrated that the model-free control method is able to guarantee stability in the presence of changes in the disturbances and plant dynamics and that it is effective in attenuating vibration of the system. Experimental results have also demonstrated that the control system can tranquilize vibration of the shaft and suppress tonal vibrations in the shell effectively, but variation in the control channel should be sufficiently slow that the algorithm can complete its adaptation in time. © IMechE 2012.",
        "keywords": [
            "active vibration control",
            "adaptive control",
            "frequency response function synthesis",
            "model-free control",
            "time-varying system"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fang Hu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HongXing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "3sxa0TpW": {
        "id": "3sxa0TpW",
        "title": "Dynamic response of a submarine foam sandwich structure subjected to underwater explosion",
        "abstract": "Dynamic response of a submarine foam samdwich structure subjected to underwater explosion and its problem of fluid-structure interaction were analyzed. The varying law of the wall pressure of the front face plate of the sandwich structure, the incident impulse of the sandwich structure, the velocity and the acceleration of the front face and back plates as well as the sustaining force of the back plate versus the different relative mass densities of the foam layer were discussed, the influence of the material of the front face plate on the dynamic response of the sandwich structure was discussed.",
        "keywords": [
            "Dynamic response Optimum properties of a soil-asymmetric building-active multiple",
            "Foam",
            "Sandwich structure",
            "Underwater explosion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Wang",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing(Navy Academy of Armament),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhang",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing(Navy Academy of Armament),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HUA Hong-xing",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Luo",
                "org": "Naval Academy of Armament, Beijing(Navy Academy of Armament),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "A20XSLPk": {
        "id": "A20XSLPk",
        "title": "Protective effect of polymer coating on the circular steel plate response to near-field underwater explosions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "compressibility"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "feng chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhi peng du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "p d zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hong xing hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine Structures",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "uRRuacEF": {
        "id": "uRRuacEF",
        "title": "A New Type of Rubber Sandwich Coated Onto Ship for the Use of Underwater Explosion Shock Mitigating",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "rubber sandwich",
            "ship shock",
            "shock mitigating",
            "underwater explosion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi Peng Du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Xing Hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "QDwEgoBW": {
        "id": "QDwEgoBW",
        "title": "Experimental Investigation on Active Vibration Control of a Shaft-Hull System Under Longitudinal Excitation",
        "abstract": "A novel active control scenario for suppressing longitudinal vibration of the shaft system in marine vehicles is investigated experimentally with a shaft-hull model. Fluctuating thrust forces acting on the shaft are simulated by an electromagnetic shaker to generate vibration in the shaft-hull system. The experimental model comprises an exclusively designed electro-magnetic actuator, which is mounted on the shaft and near the thrust bearing. This actuator responses to a model free adaptive control strategy and cancels the fluctuating thrust force to suppress longitudinal vibration of the shaft directly, which further leads to decreased interaction between the shaft and its flexible support and consequently reduces vibration in the stiffened hull structure. Experimental results have demonstrated that the actuator is able to tranquilize longitudinal vibration of the shaft and suppress periodic vibration in the hull structure effectively no matter whether the shaft rotates. However, the adaptation speed of the model free adaptive method is relatively slow and needs further improvement. Moreover, nonlinearity and time-varying characteristics are exhibited in the shaft-hull system, which are caused by the nonlinear stiffness of rubber bearings and the speed-dependent oil-film stiffness of the thrust bearing respectively and complicate the control method. © KRISHTEL eMAGING SOLUTIONS PRIVATE LIMITED.",
        "keywords": [
            "Active vibration control adaptive method",
            "Longitudinal vibration",
            "Shafting systems",
            "Thrust fluctuation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advances in Vibration Engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "VX5kdw8C": {
        "id": "VX5kdw8C",
        "title": "Simulation and experimental study on vibration and sound radiation control with piezoelectric actuators",
        "abstract": "FEM/BEM is adopted to model the interaction between the fluid and structures. In the modeling, modal truncation and inertial coupling are applied to sufficiently reduce the coupled model order. This approach is adopted for the purpose of constructing a modal model in the time domain. Active vibration control is realized with piezoelectric actuators and an adaptive method. In the control, the summation of vibration responses is used as the control error since the integral of acceleration on the plate surface is approximately proportional to the far field sound pressure. A rigidly baffled plate connected with a mass through one piezoelectric actuator is simulated at first. In the experiment, the plate is excited by a rotating eccentric mass and controlled with four piezoelectric actuators. The results have shown that active vibration control with the piezoelectric actuators can lead to a noticeable attenuation in sound pressure. © 2011 IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "adaptive vibration control",
            "fluid-structure interaction",
            "piezoelectric actuator",
            "sound radiation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiyi Zhang",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongguang Li",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiaotong University(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Shock and Vibration",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "iArUUez1": {
        "id": "iArUUez1",
        "title": "Transverse impact characteristics of a rubber pipe expansion joint",
        "abstract": "The transverse impact characteristics of a rubber pipe expansion joint are studied. A pair of joints assembled end to end with an inserted middle mass is tested on a drop shock testing machine. Based on the test results, an equivalent fixed-fixed beam model with polynomial stiffness and damping is applied to predict the transverse impact response and identify the nonlinear impact parameters. The least square residual between the computed and test results is defined to drive the identification optimization. The response surface methodology in combination with the generalized reduced gradient method is used to search the best matching coefficients. Final results show that the equivalent bending stiffness of the tested rubber expansion joint gradually decreases with the transverse deformation and is greatly influenced by its internal working pressure.",
        "keywords": [
            "Rubber pipe expansion joint",
            " Transverse impact characteristics",
            " Identification optimization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wang yu",
                "org": "Naval Research Center,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyi zhang",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "sv7asCdx": {
        "id": "sv7asCdx",
        "title": "Numerical Simulation of Icing on the Rotating Blade",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "computer simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wei dong",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jianjun zhu",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "rui wang",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "7fdF6S4J": {
        "id": "7fdF6S4J",
        "title": "Vibration analysis of a submarine elastic propeller-shaft-hull system using FRF-based substructuring method",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A dynamic model to study the coupled longitudinal and transverse vibrations of a submarine elastic propeller-shaft-hull system is developed using the FRF-based substructuring method (FBSM). The total system is firstly modeled as two substructures: the elastic propeller-shaft subsystem and the hull shell. For the former substructure, the elastic propeller is modeled by using harmonic blade array elements and the shafts are assumed to be Timoshenko beams, while the latter one is modeled using traditional finite element method. After that, the two substructures are synthesized using FBSM. The modes, the natural frequencies and the coupled longitudinal and transverse vibration characteristics of the propeller-shaft subsystem, the hull shell, and the total system are analyzed. An experiment studying the dynamic characteristics of a large-scale submarine experimental setup is processed and compared with the numerical results, which shows great consistency. Finally, a further discussion is carried out focused on how the bearing stiffness affects the coupled vibration characteristics of the total system.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Laboratory of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai, 200240, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Laboratory of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai, 200240, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Laboratory of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai, 200240, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Sound and Vibration",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "LZbB4OIE": {
        "id": "LZbB4OIE",
        "title": "Numerical Analysis of Oil Anti-Icing System Performance of Turboshaft Engine Inlet Strut",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "numerical analysis",
            "engines"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wei dong",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jianjun zhu",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "mei zheng",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "XXyejdh1": {
        "id": "XXyejdh1",
        "title": "Numerical Simulation of Helicopter Blade Ice Shedding using a Bilinear Cohesive Zone Model",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "liang fu",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "1UG7t5NO": {
        "id": "1UG7t5NO",
        "title": "Investigation on the Dynamic Response of a Wide-Chord Fan Blade Under Ground Vortex Ingestion",
        "abstract": "This paper presents a computational study of the dynamic response of the fan blade owing to the excitations from the ingested ground vortex when the turbofan engine is operating on the ground or during the takeoff run. Firstly a numerical method consisting of static, modal and transient analyses is proposed to investigate the dynamic vibration characteristics of a fan blade model with pre-vibration. Modal analysis is conducted to find the critical speed of blade resonances, and the intersection of the fourth engine order and the second bending mode is identified for the study. Secondly, transient analyses of the vortex ingestion are carried out to investigate the resulting blade responses. Various parameters, including different ingestion timings, rotating speeds, ingestion positions and modes of pre-vibration are discussed. Results of dynamic displacement and stress illustrate that the effect of the ingested vortex is significant. Especially when the fan blade is working at the critical speed where engine orders intersect with the dynamic frequencies, the stress is amplified by 276.6% and the displacement is amplified by 156.7%. This paper demonstrates a preliminary method to connect the flow excitations of the ground-ingested vortex and the fan blade vibration characteristics, and provides a helpful reference to the further study of the fan blade vibration.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhonglin Wang",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Ouyang",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Anjenq Wang",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "F6B9Dq7L": {
        "id": "F6B9Dq7L",
        "title": "Coupled vibration characteristics of a submarine propeller-shaft-hull system at low frequency",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Laboratory of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Laboratory of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Laboratory of Vibration, Shock & Noise, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "m98KCg6u": {
        "id": "m98KCg6u",
        "title": "Experimental Study on Hot Lubricating Oil Anti-Icing System of Aero-Engine Strut",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wei dong",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jianjun zhu",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhixiang zhou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "sCDuNCuP": {
        "id": "sCDuNCuP",
        "title": "Investigation of added mass and damping coefficients of underwater rotating propeller using a frequency-domain panel method",
        "abstract": "Abstract   For a propeller vibrating in a fluid, the added mass and damping coefficients characterize the hydrodynamic forces and moments acting on the propeller, which are of great importance for evaluation of the vibration behaviors of submerged propellers. The present paper is concerned with the development of a numerical method for predicting the added mass and damping coefficients of a rotating marine propeller immersed in water. The three-dimensional panel method in frequency-domain is employed to establish the strongly coupled fluid-structure interaction models of the propellers to compute the added mass and damping coefficients. The relationship between the added mass and damping matrices due to the whole vibration of a rotating propeller and the local vibrations of the propeller blades is considered. Results of the present method are compared with those experimental and numerical data available in the literature. Very good agreement is achieved. The differences of the added mass and damping coefficients due to propeller vibrations of two types are analyzed. The results show that the added mass and damping coefficients of a submerged rotating propeller are functions of the ratio of oscillation frequency of rigid propeller      f  v      to the blade frequency      f  b     , and the advance ratio. In addition, the non-penetration boundary conditions should be imposed on the deformed blade surface for predicting the added mass and damping coefficients      m   32      ,      m   62      ,      c   32       and      c   62      , where      m   32     (    c   32     )      and      m   62     (    c   62     )      denote mass (damping) coefficients related to the lateral force and bending moment in the  z  direction induced by the transversal vibration in the  y  direction. Absolute values of all coefficients in the added mass matrix decrease as the ratio      f  v   /   f  b      is increased, and the absolute values of the coefficients in the added damping matrix increases with an increase in the advance ratio.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiasheng Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yegao Qu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Sound and Vibration",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "okYPq0pA": {
        "id": "okYPq0pA",
        "title": "A Cloud-Based Framework for Lean Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul of Complex Equipment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing",
            "casting",
            "design"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhinan zhang",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "gang liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhichao jiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "q0F6Jivl": {
        "id": "q0F6Jivl",
        "title": "Investigation of Vibration Characteristics of Titanium Wide-Chord Fan Blade",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhonglin Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Ouyang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Anjenq Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Vibration Engineering",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "HLYWtncj": {
        "id": "HLYWtncj",
        "title": "Using Part Functions to Capture Various Lifecycle Requirements in Detailed Design",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jian huang",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "youbai xie",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "miKx6JuD": {
        "id": "miKx6JuD",
        "title": "Numerical Simulation of Ice Shedding From a Fan Blade",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "computer simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wei dong",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhonglin wang",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "liang fu",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "b5MYx2kC": {
        "id": "b5MYx2kC",
        "title": "Numerical Study on the Adhesion Strength Between Ice and Aluminium Based on a Cohesive Zone Model",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "aluminum",
            "adhesion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wang wenhao",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wei dong",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "mo li",
                "org": "shanghai jiao tong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "lei lei",
                "org": "american society of cinematographers"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "9RTTUqnj": {
        "id": "9RTTUqnj",
        "title": "Novel Cohesive/Adhesive Ice Shedding Model for Spinner Cone",
        "abstract": "In turbofan engine, ice accretion on a spinner cone may lead to a decline in the engine aerodynamic performance and an increase of the vibration amplitude of the engine. The shedding ice debris from the spinner cone may damage fan blades and endanger flying safety. An understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the ice shedding process is necessary to optimize the design of spinner cone and de-icing system to avoid hazardous ice shedding. The combination of ice adhesive and cohesive failure leads to the complexity of the ice shedding from a rotating spinner cone. In this paper, a novel ice shedding model for a spinner cone with consideration of ice cohesive and adhesive failure is proposed. The cohesive zone material model is applied to simulate the initiation and propagation of ice/spinner cone interface crack. The extended finite element method is introduced to model crack growth inside the ice. The ice shedding process from a spinner cone is explained and analyzed by using the combination of cohesi...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Liang Fu",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Dong",
                "org": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Propulsion and Power",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "cnb6nX6c": {
        "id": "cnb6nX6c",
        "title": "An Analytical Method for the Response of Coated Plates Subjected to One-Dimensional Underwater Weak Shock Wave",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zeyu jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "caiyu yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiuchang huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Shock and Vibration",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "huA1NJ5g": {
        "id": "huA1NJ5g",
        "title": "Experimental Research on the Dynamic Response of Floating Structures with Coatings Subjected to Underwater Explosion",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "feng xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dawei zhu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Shock and Vibration",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "NhvOjIxN": {
        "id": "NhvOjIxN",
        "title": "Mitigating performance of elastic graded polymer foam coating subjected to underwater shock",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "feng chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhipeng du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Composites Part B-engineering",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "chnY1OsF": {
        "id": "chnY1OsF",
        "title": "Shock mitigation effects of cellular cladding on submersible hull subjected to deep underwater explosion",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Warships and submarines can be severely damaged by underwater explosion (UNDEX) shock loadings, so improving shock resistance ability of such weapons is of great importance. However, studies on the shock resistance ability of submersible hull subjected to deep UNDEX shock wave are rare. In this paper, the transient response of bare/coated submersible hull subjected to combined loads of hydrostatic pressure and shock wave is analyzed numerically by Abaqus, with special attention on shock mitigation capability of cellular cladding coated on the pressure hull. The local cavitation in water and transient response of bare and coated hulls are obtained. Additionally, the effects of the initially applied hydrostatic pressure on the system response are discussed. The results indicate that the cellular cladding coated on the pressure hull is very effective on reducing hull deformation, velocity and acceleration response, and the soft cladding is more effective than the strong cladding if the cladding is not fully densified. Otherwise, the stress enhancement appears which can amplify the local response of coated hull. The research results are useful in designing surface shields for submersible hull so as to enhance its resistance to underwater shock damage.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Caiyu Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Jin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ocean Engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "rRy7eBb8": {
        "id": "rRy7eBb8",
        "title": "Free and forced vibration analysis of uniform and stepped circular cylindrical shells using a domain decomposition method",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "domain decomposition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yegao qu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinhua long",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guang meng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Acoustics",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "mFbZhTxq": {
        "id": "mFbZhTxq",
        "title": "Transient underwater shock response of sacrificed coating with continuous density graded foam core",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The transient response of a one-dimensional sacrificed coating with Continuous Density Graded Foam (CDGF) cores subjected to underwater shock is numerically studied. A unified nonlinear finite element model based on the updated Lagrangian frame is developed to simultaneously solve both the transient response of foam coating and the cavitation of water. The potential mitigation effect of the CDGF coating with respect to the designing parameters such as average density, gradient function and load intensity is discussed. It is shown that the response of coating is mainly controlled by its global compressive behavior as the fluid-structure interaction elongates the total loading time. Therefore, the non-uniform distributed CDGF core cannot prominently enhance the performance of sacrificed coating for the shock wave with long duration. When the gradient is large, it is helpful in reducing the total impulse transmitted from water, but the total energy absorption capability may be discounted as the coating partly enters the densification phase earlier.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "W. Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhipeng Du",
                "org": "Naval Research Center, 100073, Beijing, Box 1303-14, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Composites Part B-engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "a9Fe2dvm": {
        "id": "a9Fe2dvm",
        "title": "Predict effective thickness of sacrificial cellular claddings to shallow/deep water blast",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The cellular materials are well known to mitigate shock loadings. However, they may attenuate or enhance the shock transmitted to the protected structures. This paper is devoted to derive an explicit expression of the effective foam thickness when subjected to deep underwater explosion. Hereinafter, the effective foam thickness represents the crushed foam when the shock energy is just completely absorbed, i.e. the attenuation/enhancement boundary. One-dimensional (1D) analytical model which can consider the core crushing, the fluid-structure interaction (FSI), the cavitation phenomenon and the initially applied static pressure is proposed to solve the problem. The analytical model is then used for the parametric study. Finally, the empirical formulae of the effective foam thickness is derived from the results of the parametric study. In practical applications, the empirical formulae for the effective foam thickness can guide the design of such cellular claddings to water blast.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Jin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Caiyu Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhua Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ocean Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "JWqf7oOX": {
        "id": "JWqf7oOX",
        "title": "Numerical study on the interaction between underwater explosion bubble and a moveable plate with basic characteristics of a sandwich structure",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The dynamics of an underwater explosion bubble interacting with a moveable plate with basic characteristics of a sandwich structure are investigated numerically using boundary element method. The response of sandwich structures is assumed to be a moveable plate with a given velocity profile. The influence of the plate velocity profile, the standoff distance and the scale of the plate on the bubble behaviors are discussed. Within the scope of discussions, the bubble volume and period are a decreasing function of the maximum crushing velocity, the core compression, and the plate dimension, and an increasing function of the standoff distance. Three different regimes of bubble behaviors are distinguished: (1) jet directing towards the plate; (2) the bubble splitting into multiple bubbles or oscillating spherically without jet; (3) jet directing away from the plate. The results indicate that the sandwich plate which can provide larger deformation and larger maximum deformation velocity is beneficial for altering the jet direction to direct away from the plate.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Jin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Caiyu Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ocean Engineering",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ta2koyVf": {
        "id": "ta2koyVf",
        "title": "Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Shock Resistance of Honeycomb Rubber Coatings Subjected to Underwater Explosion",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "finite element method",
            "compressive strength"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "feng xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dawei zhu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "mzHKw407": {
        "id": "mzHKw407",
        "title": "Experimental Research on the Responses of Neoprene Coated Cylinder Subjected to Underwater Explosions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "shells",
            "shock waves",
            "neoprene rubber",
            "rubber",
            "stress",
            "cylinders"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyi zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "jnQbYAFG": {
        "id": "jnQbYAFG",
        "title": "One-dimensional analytical model for the response of elastic coatings to water blast",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cavitation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zeyu jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "caiyu yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fluids and Structures",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "I86i6R2r": {
        "id": "I86i6R2r",
        "title": "One-dimensional response of single/double-layer cellular cladding to water blast",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "caiyu yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zeyu jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Impact Engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Q3cY8sAO": {
        "id": "Q3cY8sAO",
        "title": "Graded effects of metallic foam cores for spherical sandwich shells subjected to close-in underwater explosion",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A fluid model is developed and used in combination with Abaqus/Explicit to investigate the effects of graded foam cores on the loading of a sandwich spherical shell subject to underwater explosion from the inner side, after having validated the modeling technique by reproducing results by other authors. Based on the relation between the core strength and the stiffness of the outer face sheet (OFS), four different situations are considered to discuss the graded effects. It is demonstrated that for the case of relatively strong cores and the OFS with low stiffness or soft cores and the OFS with high stiffness, the core arrangement of low/medium/high (relative density from the inside to the outside) has the best performance to shock loadings which is a consequence of the effects of the fluid–structure interaction and the energy absorption capability; on the other hand, for the case of intermediate core strengths and stiffness of the OFS where the pulling-back force due to the stretching of the OFS is close to the core strength, the configuration of high/medium/low has the best performance due to its higher energy absorption efficiency of the foam and lower transmitted stress.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Jin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Caiyu Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Impact Engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "HDO2Y78w": {
        "id": "HDO2Y78w",
        "title": "The underwater blast resistance of sacrificial claddings with stepwise graded cellular cores",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Caiyu Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Jin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Xing Hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "h7H4Rms8": {
        "id": "h7H4Rms8",
        "title": "Coupling Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method to finite element method for compressible multi-phase flow interacting with a deformable sandwich structure",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A numerical solver coupling the Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method to the finite element method is proposed to solve the two-dimensional (2D) or axisymmetric response of deformable sandwich structures with metallic foam cores subjected to underwater explosion, in which the interactions of the gas bubble, the shock wave, the sandwich structure and cavitation are taken into account. The coupling method combines the advantages of the ghost fluid method (GFM) and the modified ghost fluid method (MGFM), where the Lagrangian interface velocity is directly set as the solution of the Riemann problem and the interface pressure and the fluid density are obtained by solving the Riemann problem (with the pre-known interface velocity). The obtained interface pressure then serves as the boundary condition to the Lagrangian domain. For the Eulerian domain, the remaining procedure is similar to the MGFM. The method proposed in this paper is material independent in simulating the fluid-structure interaction which is its major advantage compared with the original MGFM. The method is successfully validated by using analytical, numerical, and experimental results.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Jin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Caiyu Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ocean Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "317jenKo": {
        "id": "317jenKo",
        "title": "Underwater explosion research on ship with polymer hull coating",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "hulls",
            "polymers",
            "simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhenhua zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "xH7FRNeH": {
        "id": "xH7FRNeH",
        "title": "Comparative Study of the Shock Resistance of Rubber Protective Coatings Subjected to Underwater Explosion",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "water",
            "compression",
            "deformation",
            "waves",
            "rubber",
            "impulse physics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "feng xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "Ht9tM0aw": {
        "id": "Ht9tM0aw",
        "title": "Shock isolation performance of a nonlinear isolator using Euler buckled beam as negative stiffness corrector: Theoretical and experimental study",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiuchang huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongxing hua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xingtian liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyi zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Sound and Vibration",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "uJsDRhKi": {
        "id": "uJsDRhKi",
        "title": "Dynamics of an underwater explosion bubble near a sandwich structure",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A numerical procedure that couples the Runge–Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method (RKDG), the boundary element method (BEM) and the finite element method (FEM) is developed to study the dynamics of an underwater explosion bubble near a sandwich structure efficiently and accurately. The numerical approach is validated by a near-field underwater explosion experiment. The numerical predicted bubble shape, cavitation and the free field pressure are in good agreement with the experimental results. The validated code is then used to determine the effects of the foam core strengths, the stand-off distances and the boundary condition of the back face sheet on the fluid response, the bubble behaviors, and the deformation of the sandwich structure. The results are beneficial for guiding the design of the protection structures.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Caiyu Yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongxing Hua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fluids and Structures",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "nPbSgGjC": {
        "id": "nPbSgGjC",
        "title": "Conception in Construction of Our Country' Archival Laws and regulations",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "conception",
            "construction",
            "archival laws and regulations"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ")"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Archives of Shanxi",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "zymekC8l": {
        "id": "zymekC8l",
        "title": "Analysis and Choice of Carrier Based on Electronic Archives",
        "abstract": "Familiarity with the carrier of the electronic archives and grasp of its application is the premise of scientific management of electron archives. This paper systematically analyses the electron archive carrier and its type, characteristic and so on, and explores the choice of electronic archive carrier.",
        "keywords": [
            "electronic archives",
            "choice",
            "carrier",
            "analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, Guangxi ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University(Social Science)",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "4BpDxwKk": {
        "id": "4BpDxwKk",
        "title": "Research on Legal System of the cause of Chinese Archives Past 60 Years",
        "abstract": "The founding of the past 60 years, the cause of Chinese archives enterprise legal system construction gone through the difficult process of development has made remarkable achievements, but there are still many factors that restrict the Chinese archives enterprise legal system construction. To this end, the cause of perfecting the Chinese archives enterprise legal system construction to make a few ideas.",
        "keywords": [
            "Chinese archives enterprise",
            "Legal system construction",
            "60 years"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Archives Management",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "Y7YnEWSu": {
        "id": "Y7YnEWSu",
        "title": "Principles and Methods of Electronic Document Storage Based on E-government—One of the Functional Research for Electronic Document Management System",
        "abstract": "Electronic Document Storage is the main function of Electronic Document Management System.Electronic Document Storage research and media features change in long-term access and the use of electronic documents,e-government construction and development is of an important significance.",
        "keywords": [
            "Storage",
            "Medium",
            "E-government",
            "Electronic documents"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Management Institute,Guangxi University Nationalities Nanning "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Office Automation",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "OlfKJ0rL": {
        "id": "OlfKJ0rL",
        "title": "Design and Its Realization for Exchange System of Electronic Records",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "electronic records",
            "desig",
            "exchange system"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Archives of Shanxi",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "RQneps19": {
        "id": "RQneps19",
        "title": "Limitations of Regulating and Controlling Statutes in Development of Archival Undertaking",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "statutes",
            "limitation",
            "regulate and control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HUANG Xia-ji",
                "org": ")"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ")"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Archives of Shanxi",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "m1xx5qbs": {
        "id": "m1xx5qbs",
        "title": "A summary of demonstration and extension of early and late rice dual-use type \"tall plant-big panicle and tough stalk rice\" variety Bahongyou 256",
        "abstract": "Bahongyou 256 is one of the first batch of \" tall plant-big panicle and tough stalk rice\" varieties which passed the variety evaluation in 2004.In order to apply its superior varietal characteristics in production,the variety was demonstrated in cultivation technique and a large scale in 2012,focus on further extension in Central Guangxi region.Four cultivation technique demonstration blocks were established in central Guangxi and southern Guangxi regions and the demonstration area in early and late rice was 23.33 km2,respectively.The extension of the new variety was strongly carried out in 9 counties or districts of the central Guangxi region.The difference of grain yield per mu was compared and analyzed between central and southern Guangxi regions and between early and late rice.Experimental results proclaimed that the grain yield of the variety Bahongyou 256 was generally 7800-8400kg / ha.and there was not significantly different between early and late rice and between central and southern Guangxi regions as well.The results showed that the Bahongyou was an early and late dual-use type rice suitable for the central and southern regions of Guangxi Province and could achieve high yield or super-high yield by applying reasonable cultivation technique.These study results re-confirms that the variety Bahongyou 256 is a kind of high yield and top quality \" tall plant-big panicle and tough stalk rice\" variety possessing advantage characteristics such as wide adaptation to various environments,dual-use as early and late rice varieties and easy cultivation.",
        "keywords": [
            "extension",
            "\"tall plant-big panicle and tough stalk rice\"",
            "early and late rice dual-use type",
            "Bahongyou 256",
            "demonstration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-biotic resources,Rice Research Institute and College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Guangxi Agriculture",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "MpYSg0d7": {
        "id": "MpYSg0d7",
        "title": "Analysis and Design Based on the E-government System Functional Modules Document——Electronic Document Management System Function of bis",
        "abstract": "With the development of e-government,electronic documents has gradually become a new modern Document Management principal.This paper documents in electronic Chief archiving, collating,identification,custody,use of the system function modules for a preliminary analysis and design.",
        "keywords": [
            "Function modules",
            "E-government",
            "Document system",
            "Electronic documents"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Management Institute of Guangxi University for Nationalities Nanning "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Office Informatization",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ekqjzoM3": {
        "id": "ekqjzoM3",
        "title": "Optimized annealing of traveling salesman problem from the nth-nearest-neighbor distribution",
        "abstract": "We report a new statistical general property in traveling salesman problem, that the n th-nearest-neighbor distribution of optimal tours verifies with very high accuracy an exponential decay as a function of the order of neighbor n . Defining the energy function as deviation λ from this exponential decay, which is different to the tour length d in normal annealing processes, we propose a distinct highly optimized annealing scheme which is performed in λ -space and d -space by turns. The simulation results of some standard traveling salesman problems in TSPLIB95 are presented. It is shown that our annealing recipe is superior to the canonical simulated annealing.",
        "keywords": [
            "np-complete",
            "traveling salesman problem (tsp)",
            "simulated annealing",
            "optimization",
            "exponential decay",
            "nearest neighbor",
            "np complete",
            "traveling salesman problem"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "6JaISMCK": {
        "id": "6JaISMCK",
        "title": "Detection of subthreshold pulses in neurons with channel noise.",
        "abstract": "Neurons are subject to various kinds of noise. In addition to synaptic noise, the stochastic opening and closing of ion channels represents an intrinsic source of noise that affects the signal-processing properties of the neuron. We study the response of a stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley neuron to transient input subthreshold pulses. It is found that the average response time decreases but variance increases as the amplitude of channel noise increases. In the case of single-pulse detection, we show that channel noise enables one neuron to detect the subthreshold signals and an optimal membrane area (or channel noise intensity) exists for a single neuron to achieve optimal performance. However, the detection ability of a single neuron is limited by large errors. Here, we test a simple neuronal network that can enhance the pulse-detecting abilities of neurons and find that dozens of neurons can perfectly detect subthreshold pulses. The phenomenon of intrinsic stochastic resonance is also found at both the level of single neurons and the level of networks. At the network level, the detection ability of networks can be optimized for the number of neurons comprising the network.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianchun Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qin",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "2t3JJC5I": {
        "id": "2t3JJC5I",
        "title": "Hysteresis of bond-orientational order in 2D overdamped Yukawa systems",
        "abstract": "This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to need for more improvement.",
        "keywords": [
            "statistical mechanics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weikai Qi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yilong Han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "Mh0eAFXz": {
        "id": "Mh0eAFXz",
        "title": "Frequency and phase synchronization of two coupled neurons with channel noise",
        "abstract": ".  We study the frequency and phase synchronization in two coupled\n identical and nonidentical neurons with channel noise. The\n occupation number method is used to model the neurons in the context\n of stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley model in which the strength of channel\n noise is represented by ion channel cluster size of neurons. It is\n shown that channel noise allows the two neurons to achieve both\n frequency and phase synchronization in the regime where the\n deterministic Hodgkin-Huxley neuron is unable to be excited. In\n particular, the identical channel noises lead to frequency\n synchronization in weak-coupling regime. However, if the coupling is\n strong, the two neurons could be frequency locked even though the\n channel noises are not identical. We also show that the relative\n phase of neurons displays profuse dynamical regimes under the\n combined action of coupling and channel noise. Those regimes are\n characterized by the distribution of the cyclic relative phase\n corresponding to antiphase locking, random switching between two or\n more states. Both qualitative and quantitative descriptions are\n applied to describe the transitions to perfect phase locking from no\n synchronization states.",
        "keywords": [
            "noise",
            "brownian motion",
            "ion channel",
            "phase synchronization",
            "hodgkin huxley",
            "random process",
            "random processes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lianchun Yu",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Physical Journal B",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "YA82iXbl": {
        "id": "YA82iXbl",
        "title": "Topological dynamics and dynamical scaling behavior of vortices in a\n  two-dimensional XY model",
        "abstract": "By using topological current theory we study the inner topological structure\nof vortices a two-dimensional (2D) XY model and find the topological current\nrelating to the order parameter field. A scalar field, $\\psi$, is introduced\nthrough the topological current theory. By solving the scalar field, the\ninteraction energy of vortices in a 2D XY model is revisited. We study the\ndynamical evolution of vortices and present the branch conditions for\ngenerating, annihilating, crossing, splitting and merging of vortices. During\nthe growth or annihilation of vortices, the dynamical scaling law of relevant\nlength in a 2D XY model, $\\xi(t)\\propto(t-t^*)^{1/z}$, is obtained in the\nneighborhood of the limit point, given the dynamic exponent $z=2$. This\ndynamical scaling behavior is consistent with renormalization group theory,\nnumerical simulations, and experimental results. Furthermore, it is found that\nduring the crossing, splitting and merging of vortices, the dynamical scaling\nlaw of relevant length is $\\xi(t)\\propto(t-t^*)$. However, if vortices are at\nrest during splitting or merging, the dynamical scaling law of relevant length\nis a constat.",
        "keywords": [
            "numerical simulation",
            "scalar field",
            "topological dynamics",
            "neural network",
            "statistical mechanics",
            "renormalization group"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Kai Qi",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "QTsioBFp": {
        "id": "QTsioBFp",
        "title": "Dynamic behaviour of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices with two- and three-body interactions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "optical lattice",
            "steady state",
            "numerical method",
            "initial condition",
            "bose einstein condensate",
            "oscillations",
            "critical value"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke-Zhi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physics B-atomic Molecular and Optical Physics",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "t034mJCL": {
        "id": "t034mJCL",
        "title": "Statistical Neurodynamics for Sequence Processing Neural Networks with Finite Dilution",
        "abstract": "We extend the statistical neurodynamics to study transient dynamics of sequence processing neural networks with finite dilution, and the theoretical results are supported by extensive numerical simulations. It is found that the order parameter equations are completely equivalent to those of the Generating Functional Method, which means that crosstalk noise follows normal distribution even in the case of failure in retrieval process. In order to verify the gaussian assumption of crosstalk noise, we numerically obtain the cumulants of crosstalk noise, and third- and fourth-order cumulants are found to be indeed zero even in non-retrieval case.",
        "keywords": [
            "fourth-order cumulants",
            "non-retrieval case",
            "generating functional method",
            "gaussian assumption",
            "retrieval process",
            "extensive numerical simulation",
            "crosstalk noise",
            "order parameter equation",
            "normal distribution",
            "sequence processing neural networks",
            "statistical neurodynamics",
            "finite dilution",
            "neural network",
            "numerical simulation",
            "cumulant",
            "generating function",
            "statistical mechanics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISNN (1)",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "fGdxdnrh": {
        "id": "fGdxdnrh",
        "title": "Band structure and dynamic behaviors of BoseEinstein condensates in Fourier-Synthesized optical lattices",
        "abstract": "By employing a nonlinear three-mode model, we study the band structure of BoseEinstein condensates in Fourier-Synthesized optical lattices, where the nonlinearity comes from the mean field treatment of interaction between atoms. In linear case, we present the band structure of the system. It is demonstrated that the energy band structure is strongly dependent on the value of relative phase of the two lattice harmonics. In the nonlinear case, we show that the eigenenergies as the functions of the quasi-momentum have a novel bowl structure in the middle energy level. It is found that there exist four critical values of interaction strength at which the band structure will undergo interesting changes. Furthermore, the stability of the eigenstate is also investigated. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Band structure",
            "BoseEinstein condensates",
            "Optical lattice"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Bin Fu",
                "org": "IAPCM(Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics,Inst. Appl. Phys. and Compl. Math.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "8KTAshRk": {
        "id": "8KTAshRk",
        "title": "Topological aspect of disclinations in two-dimensional melting",
        "abstract": "By using topological current theory, we study the inner topological structure\nof disclinations during the melting of two-dimensional systems. From\ntwo-dimensional elasticity theory, it is found topological currents for\ntopological defects in homogeneous equation. The evolution of disclinations is\nstudied, and the branch conditions for generating, annihilating, crossing,\nsplitting, and merging of disclinations are given.",
        "keywords": [
            "topological defect",
            "statistical mechanics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Kai Qi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ji-Rong Ren",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "hiy2elbE": {
        "id": "hiy2elbE",
        "title": "Transient dynamics of sparsely connected Hopfield neural networks with arbitrary degree distributions",
        "abstract": "Using probabilistic approach, the transient dynamics of sparsely connected Hopfield neural networks is studied for arbitrary degree distributions. A recursive scheme is developed to determine the time evolution of overlap parameters. As illustrative examples, the explicit calculations of dynamics for networks with binomial, power-law, and uniform degree distribution are performed. The results are good agreement with the extensive numerical simulations. It indicates that with the same average degree, there is a gradual improvement of network performance with increasing sharpness of its degree distribution, and the most efficient degree distribution for global storage of patterns is the delta function.",
        "keywords": [
            "degree distribution",
            "87.10.+e",
            "89.75.fb",
            "probability theory",
            "neural networks",
            "02.50.-r",
            "87.18.sn",
            "complex networks",
            "power law",
            "network performance",
            "complex network",
            "neural network",
            "numerical simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Ya7z3P4l": {
        "id": "Ya7z3P4l",
        "title": "Publisher's Note: Four-state rock-paper-scissors games in constrained Newman-Watts networks [Phys. Rev. E 79, 062901 (2009)]",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guo-Yong Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Kai Qi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qing",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical Review E",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "l5eEs7rc": {
        "id": "l5eEs7rc",
        "title": "Transient dynamics for sequence-processing neural networks: effect of degree distributions.",
        "abstract": "We derive an analytic evolution equation for overlap parameters, including the effect of degree distribution on the transient dynamics of sequence processing neural networks. In the special case of globally coupled networks, the precisely retrieved critical loading ratio alpha_{c}=N;{-12} is obtained, where N is the network size. In the presence of random networks, our theoretical predictions agree quantitatively with the numerical experiments for delta, binomial, and power-law degree distributions.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianchun Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengli Zhang",
                "org": "Research Center for Science|Xi ' an Jiaotong University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "MEFWjhLf": {
        "id": "MEFWjhLf",
        "title": "Spatial prisoner's dilemma game with volunteering in Newman-Watts small-world networks.",
        "abstract": "A modified spatial prisoner's dilemma game with voluntary participation in Newman-Watts small-world networks is studied. Some reasonable ingredients are introduced to the game evolutionary dynamics: each agent in the network is a pure strategist and can only take one of three strategies (cooperator, defector, and loner); its strategical transformation is associated with both the number of strategical states and the magnitude of average profits, which are adopted and acquired by its coplayers in the previous round of play; a stochastic strategy mutation is applied when it gets into the trouble of local commons that the agent and its neighbors are in the same state and get the same average payoffs. In the case of very low temptation to defect, it is found that agents are willing to participate in the game in typical small-world region and intensive collective oscillations arise in more random region.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Xi Wu",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University|Lan zhou Gansu"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin-Jian Xu",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University|Lan zhou Gansu"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University|Lan zhou Gansu"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Hai Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University|Lan zhou Gansu"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "kHPMvvUh": {
        "id": "kHPMvvUh",
        "title": "Emergence of synchronization induced by the interplay between two prisoner's dilemma games with volunteering in small-world networks.",
        "abstract": "We studied synchronization between prisoner's dilemma games with voluntary participation in two Newman-Watts small-world networks. It was found that there are three kinds of synchronization: partial phase synchronization, total phase synchronization, and complete synchronization, for varied coupling factors. Besides, two games can reach complete synchronization for the large enough coupling factor. We also discussed the effect of the coupling factor on the amplitude of oscillation of cooperator density.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianchun Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengli Zhang",
                "org": "Research Center for Science|Xi ' an Jiaotong University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "QksqB9Ef": {
        "id": "QksqB9Ef",
        "title": "Topology and dynamics of attractor neural networks: The role of loopiness",
        "abstract": "We derive an exact representation of the topological effect on the dynamics of sequence processing neural networks within signal-to-noise analysis. A new network structure parameter, loopiness coefficient, is introduced to quantitatively study the loop effect on network dynamics. A large loopiness coefficient means a high probability of finding loops in the networks. We develop recursive equations for the overlap parameters of neural networks in terms of their loopiness. It was found that a large loopiness increases the correlation among the network states at different times and eventually reduces the performance of neural networks. The theory is applied to several network topological structures, including fully-connected, densely-connected random, densely-connected regular and densely-connected small-world, where encouraging results are obtained.",
        "keywords": [
            "loopiness",
            "87.10.+e",
            "89.75.fb",
            "neural networks",
            "02.50.-r",
            "probability theory",
            "87.18.sn",
            "complex networks",
            "neural network",
            "network dynamics",
            "complex network"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "knNqfTMh": {
        "id": "knNqfTMh",
        "title": "Melting in two-dimensional Yukawa systems: a Brownian dynamics simulation.",
        "abstract": "We studied the melting behavior of two-dimensional colloidal crystals with a Yukawa pair potential by Brownian dynamics simulations. The melting follows the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young (KTHNY) scenario with two continuous phase transitions and a middle hexatic phase. The two phase-transition points were accurately identified from the divergence of the translational and orientational susceptibilities. Configurational temperatures were employed to monitor the equilibrium of the overdamped system and the strongest temperature fluctuation was observed in the hexatic phase. The inherent structure obtained by rapid quenching exhibits three different behaviors in the solid, hexatic, and liquid phases. The measured core energy of the free dislocations, E(c) = 7.81 ± 0.91 k(B)T, is larger than the critical value of 2.84 k(B)T, which consistently supports the KTHNY melting scenario.",
        "keywords": [
            "dislocations",
            "brownian motion",
            "phase transition",
            "brownian dynamics",
            "critical value"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Kai Qi",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ziren Wang",
                "org": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yilong Han",
                "org": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of chemical physics",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "SWYOhZV8": {
        "id": "SWYOhZV8",
        "title": "Coevolution of game and network structure with adjustable linking",
        "abstract": "Most papers about the evolutionary game on graph assume the statistic network structure. However, in the real world, social interaction could change the relationship among people. And the change of social structure will also affect people’s strategies. We build a coevolution model of prisoner’s dilemma game and network structure to study the dynamic interaction in the real world. Differing from other coevolution models, players rewire their network connections according to the density of cooperation and other players’ payoffs. We use a parameter α to control the effect of payoff in the process of rewiring. Based on the asynchronous update rule and Monte Carlo simulation, we find that, when players prefer to rewire their links to those who are richer, the temptation can increase the cooperation density.",
        "keywords": [
            "87.23.ge",
            "89.75.hc",
            "networks and genealogical trees",
            "05.56.+b",
            "dynamics of social systems",
            "structures and organization in complex systems",
            "02.50.le",
            "decision theory and game theory",
            "social interaction",
            "game theory",
            "social system",
            "decision theory",
            "monte carlo simulation",
            "social structure",
            "coevolution",
            "complex system"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qin",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Yong Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "pKf31TAv": {
        "id": "pKf31TAv",
        "title": "Steady States of Epidemic Spreading in Small-World Networks",
        "abstract": "We consider a standard \\textit{susceptible-infected-susceptible} (SIS) model\nto study behaviors of steady states of epidemic spreading in small-world\nnetworks. Using analytical methods and large scale simulations, we recover the\nusual epidemic behavior with a critical threshold $\\lambda_{c}$ below which\ninfectious diseases die out. Whereas for the spreading rate $\\lambda$ far above\n$\\lambda_{c}$, it was found that the density of infected individuals $\\rho$ as\na function of $\\lambda$ has the property $\\rho \\approx F(K)(\\ln \\lambda - \\ln\n\\lambda_{c})$.",
        "keywords": [
            "networks and genealogical trees",
            "phase transitions.",
            "diseases",
            "steady state",
            "phase transition",
            "infectious disease",
            "phase transitions",
            "small world network"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin-Jian Xu",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Xi Wu",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Hai Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Modern Physics C",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "B1OfoyoJ": {
        "id": "B1OfoyoJ",
        "title": "Bond-orientational Order in Melting of Colloidal Crystals",
        "abstract": "Using Brownian dynamics simulation, we study the orientational order in\nmelting transition of colloidal systems with $'$soft$'$ Yukawa potential. The\nbond-orientational order parameter $\\Phi_{6}$ and the bond-orientational order\nfunction $g_B(r)$ are calculated in two-dimensional systems. It is found that a\ntwo-stage transition and the hexatic phase are indeed existent in\ntwo-dimensional melitng, which is consistent with the prediction of the\nKosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young theory. For comparing with the\nmelting process in three-dimensional systems, the probability distribution of\nsingle-particle local order parameter is introduced. Based on the extensive\nsimulations, it is qualitatively suggested that the breakdown of local order\nonly occurs on the fractional part of the colloidal systems for the\ntwo-dimensional melting, but in three-dimensional melting, this breakdown takes\nplace on the whole systems at the same time.",
        "keywords": [
            "brownian dynamics",
            "colloid",
            "melting",
            "neural network",
            "probability distribution",
            "three dimensional"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Qi",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Jin",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao-Hui Yang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "POpMSNxn": {
        "id": "POpMSNxn",
        "title": "Coexistence of hexatic and isotropic phases in two-dimensional Yukawa systems",
        "abstract": "We have performed Brownian dynamics simulations on melting of two-dimensional\ncolloidal crystal in which particles interact with Yukawa potential. The pair\ncorrelation function and bond-orientational correlation function was calculated\nin the Yukawa system. An algebraic decay of the bond orientational correlation\nfunction was observed. By ruling out the coexistence region, only a unstable\nhexatic phase was found in the Yukawa systems. But our work shows that the\nmelting of the Yukawa systems is a two-stage melting not consist with the KTHNY\ntheory and the isotropic liquid and the hexatic phase coexistence region was\nfound. Also we have studied point defects in two-dimensional Yukawa systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "brownian dynamics",
            "grain boundary",
            "dislocations"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Kai Qi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Ying Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physics-condensed Matter",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "s6j8U8n3": {
        "id": "s6j8U8n3",
        "title": "Two features at the two-dimensional freezing transitions.",
        "abstract": "We studied the two-dimensional freezing transitions in monolayers of microgel colloidal spheres with short-ranged repulsions in video-microscopy experiments, and monolayers of hard disks, and Yukawa particles in simulations. These systems share two common features at the freezing points: (1) the bimodal distribution profile of the local orientational order parameter; (2) the two-body excess entropy, s(2), reaches -4.5±0.5 k(B). Both features are robust and sensitive to the freezing points, so that they can potentially serve as empirical freezing criteria in two dimensions. Compared with the conventional freezing criteria, the first feature has no finite-size ambiguities and can be resolved adequately with much less statistics; and the second feature can be directly measured in macroscopic experiments without the need for microscopic information.",
        "keywords": [
            "two dimensions",
            "phase transition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ziren Wang",
                "org": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weikai Qi",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Peng",
                "org": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ahmed M Alsayed",
                "org": "University of Pennsylvania(University of Pennsylvania),Philadelphia,United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Penger Tong",
                "org": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yilong Han",
                "org": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.),Hong Kong,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of chemical physics",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "lhWZhsbU": {
        "id": "lhWZhsbU",
        "title": "Network growth approach to macroevolution",
        "abstract": "We propose a novel network growth model coupled with the competition\ninteraction to simulate macroevolution. Our work shows that the competition\nplays an important role in macroevolution and it is more rational to describe\nthe interaction between species by network structures. Our model presents a\ncomplete picture of the development of phyla and the splitting process. It is\nfound that periodic mass extinction occurred in our networks without any\nextraterrestrial factors and the lifetime distribution of species is very close\nto fossil record. We also perturb networks with two scenarios of mass\nextinctions on different hierarchic levels in order to study their recovery.",
        "keywords": [
            "mass extinction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qin",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "New Journal of Physics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "ByfluukI": {
        "id": "ByfluukI",
        "title": "Description of dynamics of stock prices by a Langevin approach",
        "abstract": "We present a time-dependent Langevin description of dynamics of stock prices.\nBased on a simple sliding-window algorithm, the fluctuation of stock prices is\ndiscussed in the view of a time-dependent linear restoring force which is the\nlinear approximation of the drift parameter in Langevin equation estimated from\nthe financial time series. By choosing suitable weighted factor for the linear\napproximation, the relation between the dynamical effect of restoring force and\nthe autocorrelation of the financial time series is deduced. We especially\nanalyze the daily log-returns of S$&$P 500 index from 1950 to 1999. The\nsignificance of the restoring force towards the prices evolution are\ninvestigated from its two coefficients, slope coefficient and equilibrium\nposition. The new simple form of the restoring force obtained both from\nstatistical and theoretical analyses suggests that the Langevin approach can\neffectively present the macroscopical and the detail properties of the price\nevolution.",
        "keywords": [
            "autocorrelation",
            "drift parameter",
            "financial time series",
            "langevin approach",
            "sliding window",
            "linear approximation",
            "indexation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zi-Gang Huang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Physics|Center for Nonlinear Studies|Joint Center for Nonli near and Complex Systems|Hong Kong Baptist University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Hai Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "yhgsAhyo": {
        "id": "yhgsAhyo",
        "title": "Effect of Size Polydispersity on Melting of Charged Colloidal Systems",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "poisson boltzmann equation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "KVJgX9Du": {
        "id": "KVJgX9Du",
        "title": "Four-state rock-paper-scissors games in constrained Newman-Watts networks.",
        "abstract": "We study the cyclic dominance of three species in two-dimensional constrained Newman-Watts networks with a four-state variant of the rock-paper-scissors game. By limiting the maximal connection distance Rmax in Newman-Watts networks with the long-range connection probability p , we depict more realistically the stochastic interactions among species within ecosystems. When we fix mobility and vary the value of p or Rmax, the Monte Carlo simulations show that the spiral waves grow in size, and the system becomes unstable and biodiversity is lost with increasing p or Rmax. These results are similar to recent results of Reichenbach et al. [Nature (London) 448, 1046 (2007)], in which they increase the mobility only without including long-range interactions. We compared extinctions with or without long-range connections and computed spatial correlation functions and correlation length. We conclude that long-range connections could improve the mobility of species, drastically changing their crossover to extinction and making the system more unstable.",
        "keywords": [
            "monte carlo methods",
            "pattern formation",
            "stochastic processes",
            "population dynamic",
            "monte carlo simulation",
            "spatial correlation",
            "lattice theory",
            "probability",
            "game theory",
            "ecology",
            "complex system"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guo-Yong Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Kai Qi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qing",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "Tpz3z5tj": {
        "id": "Tpz3z5tj",
        "title": "Coevolution of game and network structure: The temptation increases the\n  cooperator density",
        "abstract": "Most papers about the evolutionary game on graph assume the statistic network\nstructure. However, social interaction could change the relationship of people.\nAnd the changing social structure will affect the people's strategy too. We\nbuild a coevolutionary model of prisoner's dilemma game and network structure\nto study the dynamic interaction in the real world. Based on the asynchronous\nupdate rule and Monte Carlo simulation, we find that, when players prefer to\nrewire their links to the richer, the cooperation density will increase. The\nreason of it has been analyzed.",
        "keywords": [
            "monte carlo simulation",
            "social interaction",
            "social structure",
            "coevolution",
            "prisoner s dilemma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qin",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Yong Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "1trp2uQK": {
        "id": "1trp2uQK",
        "title": "Ground-state properties of superfluid Fermi gas in fourier-synthesized optical lattices",
        "abstract": "By employing the balance condition between the lattice potential and the interatomic interaction, we study the ground state solutions of superfluid Fermi gases in Fourier-synthesized (FS) optical lattices. The average energy of the ground state, the atoms number, and the atom density distribution of the Fermi system are analytically derived along the Bose - Einstein condensation (BEC) side to the Bardeen - Cooper - Schrieffer (BCS) side. We analyze the properties of ground state solutions at both the BEC limit and unitarity in FS optical lattices. It is found that the relative phase �� between the two lattice harmonics impacts greatly on the properties of the ground state of the superfluid Fermi gas. Especially in the BCS limit, when �� = ��/2, the average energy presents an exponential form with the increase of the potential depth of the lattice harmonics ��2. Meanwhile, there exits a minimal value. Moreover, due to the Fermi pressure, the atom density distribution at unitarity is more outstretched than that in the BEC limit. The average energy at unitarity is apparently larger than that in the BEC limit. The properties of the ground state solution exhibit very different behaviors when the system transits from the BEC side to the BCS side. ? 2014 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Chen",
                "org": "Hexi University(Hexi University),Zhangye,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kezhi Zhang",
                "org": "Hexi University(Hexi University),Zhangye,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoliang Wang",
                "org": "Hexi University(Hexi University),Zhangye,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing Univ. of Aero. and Astron.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "2hut6Wmb": {
        "id": "2hut6Wmb",
        "title": "Instability of spiral wave in small-world networks",
        "abstract": "Using a FitzHugh-Nagumo system as an example, we studied the stabilities of spiral waves in two-dimensional small-world network. It was found that there exists a critical rewiring probability p such that the spiral instability appears for p>p c due to the small-world connectivity. It was also confirmed that this spiral instability is different from the Eckhaus instability and the Doppler instability.",
        "keywords": [
            "Instability",
            "Rewiring probability",
            "Small-world networks",
            "Spiral wave"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhengning Gan",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology(Lanzhou University of Technology),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoyong Zhang",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wuli Xuebao/Acta Physica Sinica",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Ybf8698H": {
        "id": "Ybf8698H",
        "title": "Suppression of spiral waves by voltage clamp techniques in a conductance-based cardiac tissue model",
        "abstract": "A new control method is proposed to control the spatio-temporal dynamics in excitable media, which is described by the Morris-Lecar cells model. It is confirmed that successful suppression of spiral waves can be obtained by spatially clamping the membrane voltage of the excitable cells. The low voltage clamping induces breakup of spiral waves and the fragments are soon absorbed by low voltage obstacles, whereas the high voltage clamping generates travel waves that annihilate spiral waves through collision with them. However, each method has its shortcomings. Furthermore, a two-step method that combines both low and high voltage clamp techniques is then presented as a possible way of out this predicament. © 2008 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Lian-Chun",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology(Lanzhou University of Technology),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Guo-Yong",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics Letters",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "sSkRPwd0": {
        "id": "sSkRPwd0",
        "title": "Synchronization of spiral waves in a two-layer coupled inhomogeneous excitable system",
        "abstract": "We studied synchronization behaviours of spiral waves in a two-layer coupled inhomogeneous excitable system. It was found that phase synchronization can be observed under weak coupling strength. By increasing the coupling strength, the synchronization is broken down. With the further increase of the coupling strength, complete synchronization and phase synchronization occur again. We also found that the inhomogeneity in excitable systems is helpful to the synchronization. © 2008 Chin. Phys. Soc. and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "Inhomogeneous excitable media",
            "Spiral waves",
            "Synchronization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhang Guo-Yong",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology(Lanzhou University of Technology),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Lian-Chun",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "9Nbdkj0f": {
        "id": "9Nbdkj0f",
        "title": "Formation and instability of spiral wave induced by Gaussian coloured noise",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we studied the effect of Gaussian coloured noise on the formation and instability of spiral waves described by one class of modified FitzHugh-Nagumo equation. It was found that Gaussian coloured noise plays a constructive role in the formation, transition and instability of spiral wave. Too weak or too strong noise may act against the formation of spiral waves. At a certain noise level, spiral wave is maintained in a medium, in which spiral wave cannot be observed in the absence of the noise. It is difficult to make a stable spiral wave into unstable state by Gaussian coloured noise, unless the noise level is very high. The parameter regions of Gaussian coloured noise for spiral forming and spiral instability were given and discussed with numerical simulations. © 2008 Chin. Phys. Soc. and IOP Publishing Ltd.",
        "keywords": [
            "FitzHugh-Nagumo model",
            "Gaussian coloured noise",
            "Spiral wave"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Gan Zheng-Ning",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology(Lanzhou University of Technology),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Guo-Yong",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Lanzhou University(Lanzhou University),Lanzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "0gJV8eA3": {
        "id": "0gJV8eA3",
        "title": "Effect of an autapse on the firing pattern transition in a bursting neuron",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hengtong wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jun ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "sYuJyJOJ": {
        "id": "sYuJyJOJ",
        "title": "Formal Modeling and Analysis of Radio Block Center Handover",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaohui hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jun ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "TNLyxsHU": {
        "id": "TNLyxsHU",
        "title": "CONTROL OF SPIRAL WAVES AND SPATIOTEMPORAL CHAOS WITH PERIODICAL SUBTHRESHOLD ORDERED WAVE PERTURBATIONS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "spatiotemporal chaos",
            "spiral waves",
            "subthreshold ordered waves",
            "suppression",
            "pattern formation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LIANCHUN YU",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "GUOYONG ZHANG",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "JUN MA",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "YONG CHEN",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Modern Physics C",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "4pgtMGGz": {
        "id": "4pgtMGGz",
        "title": "Depth of volcanic basalt degassing forecasted from CO<sub>2</sub> fluid inclusions",
        "abstract": "Fluid inclusions have recorded the history of degassing in basalt. Some fluid inclusions in olivine and pyroxene phenocrysts\n of basalt were analyzed by micro-thermometry and Raman spectroscopy in this paper. The experimental results showed that many\n inclusions are present almost in a pure CO2 system. The densities of some CO2 inclusions were computed in terms of Raman spectroscopic characteristics of CO2 Fermi resonance at room temperature. Their densities change over a wide range, but mainly between 0.044 g/cm3 and 0.289 g/cm3. Their micro-thermometric measurements showed that the CO2 inclusions examined reached homogenization between 1145.5C and 1265C. The mean value of homogenization temperatures of\n CO2 inclusions in basalts is near 1210C. The trap pressures (depths) of inclusions were computed with the equation of state\n and computer program. Distribution of the trap depths makes it know that the degassing of magma can happen over a wide pressure\n (depth) range, but mainly at the depth of 0.48 km to 3.85 km. This implicates that basalt magma experienced intensive degassing\n and the CO2 gas reservoir from the basalt magma also may be formed in this range of depths. The results of this study showed that the\n depth of basalt magma degassing can be forecasted from CO2 fluid inclusions, and it is meaningful for understanding the process of magma degassing and constraining the inorganogenic\n CO2 gas reservoir.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaoqi Zhou",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiping Wu",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Resources and Information College Dongying 257061 China Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjun Ren",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Resources and Information College Dongying 257061 China Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenyu Zhao",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China Dongying 257061 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geochemistry",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "ZDjp7NnL": {
        "id": "ZDjp7NnL",
        "title": "The discovery of bearing halite daughter minerals fluid inclusions in volcanic racks at Pingnan area in Dongying depression and implications to magma degassing",
        "abstract": "This paper has reported the discovery of bearing halite daughter mineral fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks at Pingnan area in Dongying depression. The samples were collected from BGX-15 well drill cores and the interested fluid inclusions are hosted in quartz of diorite-porphyrite. The daughter minerals are NaCl crystals which were identified by observation under microscope and analyzed by in situ Raman spectroscopy at - 185 C. The results of micro-thermal analysis show that the homogenization temperatures of primary fluid inclusions are between 359C and 496C, and the salinities of fluid inclusions are from 43.26% to 54.51%. All fluid inclusions in studied samples can be divided into five types including primary fluid inclusions and secondary fluid inclusions. Five type fluid inclusions were symbiotic in a same quartz grain, which imply that immiscibility happened in magma. Due to the decreases of temperature and pressure during magma ascending, the fluids became intensively immiscible. This process will accelerate degassing of CO2 from magma, and the result of the CO2- rich fluids had got away from magma by degassing, but the remnant fluids with high salinity were saved in fluid inclusions. So, the primary fluid inclusions are mainly in NaCl-H2O fluids, poor in CO2. The results of our study indicate that the degassing of magma and accumulation of CO2 gas at Pingnan area are relative to the immiscibility of high salinity fluids. This discovery is important to deep understand the mechanism of magma degassing and accumulation of inorganic CO2 in eastern China.",
        "keywords": [
            "halite daughter minerals",
            "fluid inclusion",
            "magma degassing",
            "immiscibility",
            "Dongying depression",
            "Pingnan area"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaoqi Zhou",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqin Xiao",
                "org": "Exploration Department(Exploration Department),Dongying,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjun Ren",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SUN Xinian",
                "org": " 1) 1) Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics, China University of Petroleum, Dongying, Shandong,  2) Exploration department, Shengli oil Field, Dongying, Shandong,  3) Earth Science Institution, Shengli oil Field, Dongying, Shandong, "
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Qiang",
                "org": " 1) 1) Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics, China University of Petroleum, Dongying, Shandong,  2) Exploration department, Shengli oil Field, Dongying, Shandong,  3) Earth Science Institution, Shengli oil Field, Dongying, Shandong, "
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiyong Yan",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoying Liu",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Geologica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "w2tFZF0q": {
        "id": "w2tFZF0q",
        "title": "Activities of hydrocarbon bearing hydrothermal fluids in South Yellow Sea Basin, China: Evidence from fluid inclusions",
        "abstract": "The anomalies of geothermal and geochemical parameters of Palaeozoic formations at Wunansha uplift in South Yellow Sea Basin were concerned by many geologists and geochemists. We have carefully studied the fluid inclusions hosted in quartz veins of Permian limestone from Qixia group in well CZ35-2-1 by combination of micro-thermometry and Raman spectroscopy in this paper. The fluid inclusions were divided into three types including six subtypes according to their petrological characteristics, phase state at room temperature and compositions. The results of Raman spectroscopy give strong information of methane and hydrocarbon in fluid inclusions. It powerfully proves that hydrocarbon bearing ever acted in researched area. The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions are much higher than the temperature of normal basin, which indicates that the hydrothermal fluids were trapped in fluid inclusions. There might be three times of activities of hydrocarbon bearing hydrothermal fluids which were distinguished by petrological characteristics and homogenization temperatures. The concentration of methane in the fluid inclusion increased with the homogenization temperature, from 0.1347 mol/L at 214°C, 0.1722mol/L at 265°C, to 0.3370mol/L at 304.5°C respectively. The experimental results give reasonable explanation for the abnormality of heat and geochemical parameters in researched area. It means that all anomalies of geochemistry were caused by hydrocarbon bearing hydrothermal fluids.",
        "keywords": [
            "South Yellow Sea basin",
            "Hydrocarbon bearing hydrothermal fluids",
            "Fluid inclusion",
            "Raman spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHOU YaoQi",
                "org": " College of Geo-resources and Information,China University of Petroleum,Dongying,,ChinaState Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research,Nanjing University,Najing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "NI Pei",
                "org": " College of Geo-resources and Information,China University of Petroleum,Dongying,,ChinaState Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research,Nanjing University,Najing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HU WenXuan",
                "org": " College of Geo-resources and Information,China University of Petroleum,Dongying,,ChinaState Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research,Nanjing University,Najing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjun Ren",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenyu Zhao",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Petrologica Sinica",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "SQnBzhbH": {
        "id": "SQnBzhbH",
        "title": "Depth of volcanic basalt degassing forecasted from CO2 fluid inclusions",
        "abstract": "Fluid inclusions have recorded the history of degassing in basalt. Some fluid inclusions in olivine and pyroxene phenocrysts of basalt were analyzed by micro-thermometry and Raman spectroscopy in this paper. The experimental results showed that many inclusions are present almost in a pure CO2 system. The densities of some CO2 inclusions were computed in terms of Raman spectroscopic characteristics of CO2 Fermi resonance at room temperature. Their densities change over a wide range, but mainly between 0.044 g/cm3 and 0.289 g/cm3. Their micro-thermometric measurements showed that the CO2 inclusions examined reached homogenization between 1145.5°C and 1265°C. The mean value of homogenization temperatures of CO2 inclusions in basalts is near 1210°C. The trap pressures (depths) of inclusions were computed with the equation of state and computer program. Distribution of the trap depths makes it know that the degassing of magma can happen over a wide pressure (depth) range, but mainly at the depth of 0.48 km to 3.85 km. This implicates that basalt magma experienced intensive degassing and the CO2 gas reservoir from the basalt magma also may be formed in this range of depths. The results of this study showed that the depth of basalt magma degassing can be forecasted from CO2 fluid inclusions, and it is meaningful for understanding the process of magma degassing and constraining the inorganogenic CO2 gas reservoir. © Science Press 2007.",
        "keywords": [
            "Basalt degassing",
            "Carbon dioxide",
            "Fluid inclusion",
            "Raman spectroscopy",
            "Trap depth"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaoqi Zhou",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiping Wu",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjun Ren",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenyu Zhao",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum - Beijing(China University of Petroleum,University of Petroleum),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Geochemistry",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "uwaJRe1Z": {
        "id": "uwaJRe1Z",
        "title": "Immiscibility of high salinity fluids in volcanic rocks and the mechanism of magma degassing in the Dongying sag, eastern China",
        "abstract": "Fluid inclusions that bear halite daughter minerals were discovered in volcanic rocks at Pingnan area in the Dongying sag.\n The samples of the fluid inclusions collected from the BGX-15 well drill cores are hosted in quartz of diorite-porphyrite.\n The daughter minerals are identified as NaCl crystals after being observed under a microscope and analyzed by in situ Raman spectroscopy at −185°C. The results of micro-thermal analysis show that the homogenization temperatures of primary\n fluid inclusions are between 359 and 496°C, and the salinities of fluid inclusions are from 43.26 to 54.51 wt-%. All fluid\n inclusions in the studied samples can be divided into five types including primary fluid inclusions and secondary fluid inclusions.\n The fact that five types of fluid inclusions were symbiotic in the same quartz grain implies that immiscibility happened in\n magma. Due to the decrease in temperature and pressure during the ascent of magma, the fluids became intensively immiscible.\n This process accelerates the degassing of CO2 from magma, but the remnant fluids with high salinity are preserved in fluid inclusions. Thus, the primary fluid inclusions\n are mainly in NaCl-H2O fluids and poor in CO2. The results of our study indicate that the degassing of magma and accumulation of CO2 gas at the Pingnan area are relative to the immiscibility of high salinity fluids. This discovery is important because it\n can help us have a further understanding of the mechanism of magma degassing and accumulation of the inorganic CO2 in eastern China.",
        "keywords": [
            "immiscibility",
            "dongying sag",
            "magma degassing",
            "pingnan area",
            "halite daughter mineral",
            "fluid inclusion",
            "raman spectroscopy",
            "thermal analysis",
            "volcanic rock"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaoqi Zhou",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huanqin Xiao",
                "org": "Shengli Oil Field Exploration Department Dongying 257015 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjun Ren",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinian Sun",
                "org": "Shengli Oil Field Earth Science Institute Dongying 257015 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Wang",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiyong Yan",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoying Liu",
                "org": "China University of Petroleum Laboratory of Geochemistry and Lithosphere Dynamics Dongying 257061 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers of Earth Science in China",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "hBGf8V4k": {
        "id": "hBGf8V4k",
        "title": "Water, is it necessary for fluid inclusions forming in calcite?",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "water",
            "diagenesis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yunjin ge",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenzhu zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yaoqi zhou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "omyTnG7d": {
        "id": "omyTnG7d",
        "title": "Discovery of CH 4 -rich high-pressure fluid inclusions hosted in analcime from Dongying depression, China",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "high pressure",
            "methane",
            "room temperature",
            "iron",
            "raman spectra",
            "equation of state"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            },
            {
                "name": "yaoqi zhou",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            },
            {
                "name": "liuping zhang",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "minghui wu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "shiyong yan",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "9elTlgiF": {
        "id": "9elTlgiF",
        "title": "Progress in Research Methods on “Fluid‐Diagenesis” Interactions of Fractures in Tight Reservoirs",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xintao wang",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            },
            {
                "name": "yaoqi zhou",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            },
            {
                "name": "huiwen yue",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            },
            {
                "name": "h e chuan",
                "org": "china university of petroleum"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Geologica Sinica-english Edition",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "fx8FEb1A": {
        "id": "fx8FEb1A",
        "title": "Investigation of weak damage in Al 0.25 Ga 0.75 As/GaAs by using RBS/C and Raman spectroscopy",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "high resolution",
            "raman spectroscopy",
            "raman spectra",
            "ion implantation",
            "raman scattering",
            "strain",
            "epitaxy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pijun liu",
                "org": "shandong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "guiwu lu",
                "org": "shandong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangdong liu",
                "org": "shandong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yueyuan xia",
                "org": "shandong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yaoqi zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuguo li",
                "org": "shandong normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jiaoqing pan",
                "org": "shandong university"
            },
            {
                "name": "shihui ge",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physics Letters A",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "Nn9wZsUX": {
        "id": "Nn9wZsUX",
        "title": "Synthetic saline-aqueous and hydrocarbon fluid inclusions trapped in calcite at temperatures and pressures relevant to hydrocarbon basins: A reconnaissance study",
        "abstract": "Abstract   We conducted reconnaissance experiments to synthesize aqueous and hydrocarbon inclusions trapped in calcite at conditions relevant to petroleum basins, and characterize the microthermometric properties of such inclusions. Fluid inclusions (FIs) were synthesized in a system of saline aqueous solution (5 or 20 wt% NaCl) coexisting with either heavy crude oil or gasoline under gas-undersaturated conditions, from 90 to 210 °C and 200–550 bar. The synthetic inclusions are not representative of gas-bearing systems, and methane (CH 4 ) was not detected in any aqueous inclusions. The FIs are mainly distributed along planar healed cracks, indicating that the inclusions formed by fracture healing in the calcite crystal. Microthermometric measurements were conducted on coeval aqueous and hydrocarbon inclusions, and Raman spectroscopic analyses were done on aqueous inclusions, to determine the properties of FIs trapped at these conditions.  Homogenization temperatures of synthetic FIs are mostly lower than the experimental trapping temperature, although the FIs show high variability in measured homogenization temperature. Results allow comparison of  T  h  values for each sample with the expected  T  h , isochores and pressure corrections calculated for the system H 2 O NaCl. The latter parameters are broadly consistent with the known  PVTX  properties of H 2 O NaCl fluids, suggesting little effect of hydrocarbons on the homogenization behavior, although the low precision of the  T  h  data limits this assessment. Nevertheless, this result is not unexpected considering that light hydrocarbons (gas) is not present in the experiments (as corroborated by Raman spectroscopy), a consequence of using “dead” oil in the experiments. Simulation of gas-bearing petroleum basins will require additional protocols for producing gas, either by in-situ cracking of the starting hydrocarbon material, or by other means. The reconnaissance experiments documented here provide a basis for such future experiments.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Matthew Steele-MacInnis",
                "org": "Dept. of Geosciences, The University of Arizona, 1040 E 4th St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunjin Ge",
                "org": "Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum (GROUP) Co., Ltd, Xi’an, Shanxi 710075, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenzhu Zhou",
                "org": "College of Geological Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaoqi Zhou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Marine and Petroleum Geology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "R8SfeyA2": {
        "id": "R8SfeyA2",
        "title": "UV Raman spectroscopy of hydrocarbon-bearing inclusions in rock salt from the Dongying sag, eastern China",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Compositions of hydrocarbon-bearing inclusions in rock salt (halite) from the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying sag, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China have been analysed by Raman spectroscopy coupled with a 244 nm UV laser source. The fluorescence effect caused by the conventional visible laser excitation of the aromatic fractions of HC-bearing inclusions can be effectively avoided. Six types of HC-bearing inclusions belonging to two generations have been identified in halite according to their hydrocarbon types and petrographic characteristics. The presence of HC-bearing inclusions in halite provides evidence of crystal fracturing and healing, plastic deformation and dynamic recrystallization of rock salt in the Dongying sag. This proves that rock salt may have repeatedly lost and then recovered its sealing capacity during two stages of oil emplacement. Water and hydrocarbons were detected by UV Raman spectroscopy in the studied samples, in both HC-bearing inclusions and aqueous inclusions. These results are important for understanding the formation conditions of these fluid inclusions and the interactions between the formation water and petroleum in reservoirs. Our results show that UV Raman spectroscopy has a potential to become a powerful tool for analyzing hydrocarbon-bearing fluid inclusions trapped in various elements of a petroleum system.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xintao Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert J. Bodnar",
                "org": "Fluids Research Laboratory, Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Geochemistry",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "hK6z6Fla": {
        "id": "hK6z6Fla",
        "title": "Formation of bedding-parallel, fibrous calcite veins in laminated source rocks of the Eocene Dongying Depression: A growth model based on petrographic observations",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Bedding-parallel, fibrous calcite veins (commonly referred to as “beefs”) are widely developed within Eocene, lacustrine, laminated organic-rich source rocks in the Dongying Depression of Bohai Bay Basin, East China. Understanding the formation of this type vein is essential to elucidate the diagenetic evolution and fluid migration in muddy source rocks. This study investigates the mechanism(s) of growth of bedding-parallel veins in hydrocarbon source rocks of the Es 4 upper  and the Es 3 lower  units in the Dongying Depression, based on systematic observations of macro- and micro-scale features both in veins and their wall-rocks, combined with X-ray diffraction and analyses of geochemical indicators.  The source rocks are heterogeneous in both composition and structure. The beefs mainly occur in laminated rocks consisting of organic-rich laminae, which occur together with horizontally-continuous banded lamalginites and rare carbonate-rich laminae, overall corresponding to high TOC, low carbonate contents, and low maturity (average Ro = 0.57%). Most beefs are embedded in the neighboring lamalginites of organic-rich laminae with low clay-mineral contents. The beefs are products of diagenesis accompanying burial, and both the initial fracture opening and subsequent dilation represent early stages of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. The presence of bedding-parallel bituminite veins and the median plane (or “parting”) is evidence for horizontally oriented hydrofracturing due to fluid overpressure. In turn, fluid overpressure reflects the generation and primary migration of hydrocarbon-bearing fluids. Hydrocarbon generation (organic matter evolution) and clay-mineral dehydration (illitization of smectite) were responsible for the fluid overpressure. Crystal growth within the beefs was a continuous process with an antitaxial growth direction, and there was no growth competition between adjacent fibres. These observations indicate that the crystal growth and fracture dilation were synchronous and growth space was limited. The force exerted by crystallizing vein fill contributed to the high fluid pressure, suggesting that fibrous vein minerals actively promoted further dilation as the veins grew. Vein dilation accompanied the migration of hydrocarbon-bearing fluids, evinced by the occurrence of primary hydrocarbon inclusions found in the fibrous calcites. Therefore, the hydrocarbon-bearing fluids were present at the time of horizontal fluid flow, from the start of fracture opening to the end of the dilation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Miao Wang",
                "org": "Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reservoir Geology, School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reservoir Geology, School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoqi Song",
                "org": "Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong 257000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Matthew Steele-MacInnis",
                "org": "Dept. of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2E3, Canada"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Wang",
                "org": "Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong 257000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Zhang",
                "org": "Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong 257000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenyu Zhao",
                "org": "Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiyi Liu",
                "org": "Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reservoir Geology, School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hanjing Zhang",
                "org": "Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reservoir Geology, School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenzhu Zhou",
                "org": "Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Mineral, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Coal Geology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "N5DlPTwn": {
        "id": "N5DlPTwn",
        "title": "Dibenzothiophenes in solid bitumens: Use of molecular markers to trace paleo-oil filling orientations in the Lower Cambrian reservoir of the Moxi–Gaoshiti Bulge, Sichuan Basin, southern China",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The Moxi–Gaoshiti (MG) Bulge of the Sichuan Basin in southwestern China is unique because of its enormous gas field in old Cambrian and Proterozoic marine strata, where oils in carbonate reservoirs have been nearly completely cracked to solid bitumen and natural gas because of high to post-mature thermal maturity levels. Numerous solid bitumen-bearing dolomites obtained from boreholes in the MG Bulge provide an ideal opportunity to trace the major filling orientations for the Lower Cambrian paleo-oil reservoirs. Biomarker analysis was conducted on solid bitumens through quantitative detection with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.  Results show that all solid bitumen samples in the MG Bulge exhibit similar compositions of molecular markers, thereby implying that they belong to the same oil population and that paleo-oils should be derived from the same source kitchen/bed. Low pristane/phytane and dibenzothiophene (DBT)/phenanthrene ratios, as well as the predominance of DBT among DBT, dibenzofuran, and fluorene, are observed in the solid bitumen samples, which suggest that related paleo-oil reservoirs likely originated from a highly reducing marine shale environment. All isopleth maps of the DBT concentrations, 4-methylDBT/1-methylDBT, 4,6-dimethylDBT/(1,4 + 1,6)-dimethylDBT (DMDBT), and (2,6 + 3,6)-DMDBT/(1,4 + 1,6)-DMDBT ratios consistently indicate that the overall orientation of oil migration in the MG Bulge is primarily from the west-to-east direction, with the strongest filling point located at approximately the Mx12 well. The north-to-west direction is an additional filling orientation. These indicators show that those paleo-oils that had been cracked to pyrobitumens mainly originated from a source kitchen in the western part of the MG Bulge. A hydrocarbon source kitchen in the northern part of the MG Bulge may also have developed but further research on this is needed. The recognition of these solid bitumen molecular signatures, particularly the consistent results using DBT concentrations and alkyl DBT thermal maturity indicators, suggests a potential approach that can be applied to the study of paleo-oil reservoirs.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhonghong Chen",
                "org": "School of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum, Changjiang West Road 66, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yueming Yang",
                "org": "Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, CNPC, Chengdu 610000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "T.-G. Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Faculty of Natural Resources and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Cheng",
                "org": "School of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum, Changjiang West Road 66, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meijun Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Faculty of Natural Resources and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Luo",
                "org": "Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, CNPC, Chengdu 610000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum, Changjiang West Road 66, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyong Ni",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Faculty of Natural Resources and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chengyu Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Faculty of Natural Resources and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Faculty of Natural Resources and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ronghui Fang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, Faculty of Natural Resources and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Miao Wang",
                "org": "School of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum, Changjiang West Road 66, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Geochemistry",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "nUj0t93K": {
        "id": "nUj0t93K",
        "title": "HPLC-ESI/MS analysis of stachydrine and its metabolites in rat urine]",
        "abstract": "To identify the main metabolites of stachydrine in rat.The ionization, cleavage and chromatographic characteristics of stachydrine were studied by using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS) for the first time. These characteristics of stachydrine were used as the basis for the analyses of metabolites in rat urine. The 0 - 24 h urine samples of rats after ig 25 mg x kg(-1) stachydrine were collected and purified by using C10 solid-phase extraction cartridge, and then analyzed by HPLC-ESI/MS to identify stachydrine and its metabolites.The parent drug (stachydrine), 6 phase I metabolites (N-demethyl, dehydrogenation, ring-oxidation) and 2 phase II metabolites (glycine conjugates of 2 ring-oxidation products) were identified existing in rat urine.The presented method was proved to be sensitive, rapid, high selective and specific for the identification of stachydrine and its metabolites in rat urine.",
        "keywords": [
            "HPLC-ESI/MS",
            "Metabolite",
            "Stachydrine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huai-Xia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Lab of Bio-Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hubei University,Wuhan ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Lin Shen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Lab of Bio-Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hubei University,Wuhan ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Lab of Bio-Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hubei University,Wuhan ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "cUAhiWc3": {
        "id": "cUAhiWc3",
        "title": "Effects of brucine combined with glycyrrhetinic acid or liquiritin on rat hepatic cytochrome P450 activities in vivo",
        "abstract": "Abstract: The activities of four CYP450 enzymes (CYP3A, 1A2, 2El and 2C) and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, 2El, 2Cll and 3A1 in rat liver were determined after Wistar rats were orally administered with brucine (BR) at three dosage levels (3, 15 and 60 mg.kg-1 per day) and the high dose of BR combined with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA, 25 mg.kg-1 per day) or liquiritin (LQ, 20 mg.kg-1 per day) for 7 consecutive days. Compared with the control, brucine caused 24.5% and 34.6% decrease of CYP3A-associated testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation (6betaTesto-OH) and CYP2C-associated tolbutamide hydroxylation (Tol-OH), respectively, and 146.1% increase of CYP2El-associated para-nitrophenol hydroxylation (PNP-OH) at the high dose level. On the other hand, (BR+GA) caused 51.4% and 33.5% decrease, respectively, of CYP2El-associated PNP-OH and CYP1A2-associated ethoxyresorufin-O-de-ethylation (EROD) as compared with the high dose of BR group. Meanwhile, (BR+LQ) caused 41.1% decrease of CYP2El-associated PNP-OH and 37.7% increase of CYP2C-associated Tol-OH. The results indicated that the co-administration of BR with GA or LQ had effect on mRNA expression and activities of the CYP450 enzymes mentioned above to some extent, and the in vivo antagonism of LQ on BR-induced CYPs adverse effects and the in vivo inhibitory action of GA on CYP2E1 and 1A2 might play an important role in the detoxification of Radix Glycyrrhizae against Strychnos nux-vomica L.",
        "keywords": [
            "Brucine",
            "Co-administration",
            "CYP450",
            "Glycyrrhetinic acid",
            "Liquiritin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pan-pan Xing",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-hua Wu",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "a3J1oAWw": {
        "id": "a3J1oAWw",
        "title": "Analysis of scopolamine and its eighteen metabolites in rat urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.",
        "abstract": "A rapid and sensitive method is described for the determination of scopolamine and its metabolites in rat urine by combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Various extraction techniques (free fraction, acid hydrolyses and enzyme hydrolyses) and their comparison were carried out for investigation of the metabolism of scopolamine. After extraction procedure, the pretreated samples were injected into a reversed-phase C18 column with mobile phase of methanol/ ammonium acetate (2mM, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) (70:30, v/v) and detected by an on-line MS/MS system. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses (DeltaM), retention-times and full scan MS(n) spectra with those of the parent drug. The results revealed that at least 18 metabolites (norscopine, scopine, tropic acid, aponorscopolamine, aposcopolamine, norscopolamine, hydroxyscopolamine, hydroxyscopolamine N-oxide, p-hydroxy-m-methoxyscopolamine, trihydroxyscopolamine, dihydroxy-methoxyscopolamine, hydroxyl-dimethoxyscopolamine, glucuronide conjugates and sulfate conjugates of norscopolamine, hydroxyscopolamine and the parent drug) and the parent drug existed in urine after ingesting 55mg/kg scopolamine to healthy rats. Hydroxyscopolamine, p-hydroxy-m-methoxyscopolamine and the parent drug were detected in rat urine for up 106h after ingestion of scopolamine.",
        "keywords": [
            "lc-ms/ms",
            "metabolite",
            "scopolamine",
            "molecular mass",
            "structure elucidation",
            "enzyme",
            "tandem mass spectrometry",
            "system identification",
            "retention time",
            "liquid chromatography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, 430072, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huashan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Talanta",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "FLFJkov7": {
        "id": "FLFJkov7",
        "title": "Study on noncovalent binding between ketoprofen and plasma protein by electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To study the noncovalent binding of ketoprofen with human serum albumin and α1-acid glycoprotein by the electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry(ESI-MS). METHODS: The molecular weights of ketoprofen, human serum albumin, α1-acid glycoprotein and their complexes were measured by the electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry. The stoichiometric ratio was calculated. The influences of pH values of injection solution, capillary temperatures and cone voltages on non calculated binding were studied. RESULTS: The apparent stoichiometric ratios of noncovalent complexes KP-HSA and KP-AAG were 5:1 and 4:1, respectively. CONCLUSION: ESI-MS is a new method for studying the drug-protein noncovalent binding, and it offers some advantages in sensitivity, high-speed, accuracy.",
        "keywords": [
            "α1-acid glycoprotein",
            "Electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry",
            "Human serum albumin",
            "Ketoprofen"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "QI Chun-hua",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Huai-xia",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HAN Feng-mei",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "efxeT0jQ": {
        "id": "efxeT0jQ",
        "title": "Determination of stachydrine in rat plasma by LC-tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To develop a sensitive and specific liquid chromatography- electrospray iontrap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-ITMS) method for the determination of stachydrine in rat plasma. METHODS: Stachydrine and internal standard ephedrine were extracted from plasma by protein precipitation and extraction with acetonitrile-methanol-formic acid (90:10:1), then chromatographed by using an Agilent zorba Extend - C18 colum. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water-fomic acid (70:30:1, pH 3.5). Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with the transitions of m/z 144→m/z 84 and m/z 166→m/z 148 was used to quantify stachydrine and the internal standard, respectively. RESULTS: The linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 0.02-5.00 mg·L-1, the limit of detection was 1 μg·L-1, the inter-and intra-day RSD were less than 5.4%. The method was successfully used in the pharmacokinetic study of stachydrine in rats. CONCLUSIONS: The method offers advantages of high sensitivity and accuracy for the determination of stachydrine compared with the previously reported methods, and is suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of stachydrine in rat.",
        "keywords": [
            "Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
            "Plasma concentration",
            "Stachydrine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HAN Feng-mei",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao lin Shen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Huai-xia",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "4DjCHl4Q": {
        "id": "4DjCHl4Q",
        "title": "Analysis of anisodamine and its in vitro metabolites in rat intestinal flora by LC-MSn",
        "abstract": "Objective: Anisodamine and its metabolites in rat intestinal flora were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). Methods: The chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions were optimized using anisodamine standard, The chromatographic and mass spectrometric behavior patterns of anisodamine were summarized. Anisodamine was incubated together with rat intestinal flora in vitro under lack of oxygen condition. Analysis and structural identification of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses, retention-time, and full scan MSn spectra with those of the parent drug and blank plasma. Results: The results revealed that the parent drug and its dehydrolyzed and hydrolyzed metabolites (apoanisodamine, 6β-hydroxytropine, and tropic acid) were found in the incubation solution. Conclusion This method is sensitive, rapid, and simple, and suitable for the analyses of drugs metabolites.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anisodamine",
            "Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS n)",
            "Metabolites"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Huai-xia",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HAN Feng-mei",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "7i7h8C5C": {
        "id": "7i7h8C5C",
        "title": "Pharmacokinetics of puerarin and hydrochlorothiazide from Maijunan tablets in rats",
        "abstract": "After oral administration of low, middle, high dose of simulative Maijunan tablets to SD rats and puerarin, hydrochlorothiazide at middle dosage to SD rats separately, plasma samples were collected at different times and treated with acetonitrile to precipitate protein. The contents of puerarin and hydrochlorothiazide in plasma were determined by HPLC method. The mean plasma concentration-time profiles of puerarin and hydrochlorothiazide at different dosages of medication administration were processed by 3P97 pharmacokinetic software and SPSS statistics 17.0 software. The results indicated that the in vivo kinetic processes of puerarin in rats were all fitted to a two-compartment open model and hydrochlorothiazide fitted to a one-compartment open model. Hydrochlorothiazide in vivo kinetic process in rats was in accordance with the linear dynamics. The combination of hydrochlorothiazide and rhynchophylla with pueraria promoted the absorption, reduced the elimination rate and prolonged the action time of puerarin in vivo. Meanwhile, the combination also promoted the absorption rate and the bioavailability, prolonged the action time and the accumulation time of hydrochlorothiazide in vivo.",
        "keywords": [
            "hydrochlorothiazide",
            "maijunan tablet",
            "pharmacokinetics",
            "puerarin",
            "bioavailability",
            "drug metabolism"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xian Zhang",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "ceIEN7vx": {
        "id": "ceIEN7vx",
        "title": "Identification of hydroxylate metabolites of daidzein and its sulfate conjugates in rat urine by LC-ESI/MSn",
        "abstract": "Aim To identify the hydroxylate metabolites and its sulfate conjugates of daidzein in rat urine. Methods Urine samples from 0-24 h were collected after single ig dose of 500 mg · kg-1 daidzein to each of six rats. The urine samples were purified by SPE column (SPE C18) and analyzed with liquid chromatographic-tandem electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MSn) for potential metabolites. Results Several new hydroxylate metabolites and its sulfate conjugates were found and identified in rat urine. Conclusion LC-ESI/MSn is proved to be a simple, rapid, sensitive and specific technique for identification of the hydroxylate metabolites and its sulfate conjugates of daidzein in rat urine.",
        "keywords": [
            "Daidzein",
            "LC-ESI/MSn",
            "Metabolite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HAN Feng-mei",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bao Ying Ge",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Huai-xia",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "lXhtcK5x": {
        "id": "lXhtcK5x",
        "title": "Analysis of atropine and its metabolites in rat feces by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "A method is described for the identification of atropine and its metabolites in rat feces by combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry ( LC-MS n). The feces samples were collected after single administration of 25 mg/kg atropine to rats, and soaked in water for 1 h. Then, atropine and its metabolites were extracted by ethyl acetate. The extracted samples were separated on a reversed phase C 18 column using a mobile phase of methanol/ammonium acetate (2 mmol/L, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) (70:30, V/V) and detected by LC-MS\". By comparing retention-times, full scan MS and MS spectra among extracts, parent drug and blank feces, metabolite structures were deduced: nortropine, tropine, tropic acid, aponoratropine, apoatropine, noratropine, hydroxyatropine, hydroxyatropine iV-oxide and hydroxy-methoxyat-ropine. This method is rapid, convenient, and suitable for the rapid identification of drug metabolites in biologic samples.",
        "keywords": [
            "Atropine",
            "Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
            "Metabolite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Huai-Xia",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Han Feng-Mei",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fenxi Huaxue/ Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "mBA6EiAF": {
        "id": "mBA6EiAF",
        "title": "Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry for analysis of in vivo and in vitro metabolites of scopolamine in rats.",
        "abstract": "In vivo and in vitro metabolism of scopolamine is investigated using a highly specific and sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MSn) method. Feces, urine, and plasma samples are collected individually after ingestion of 55 mg/kg scopolamine by healthy rats. Rat feces and urine samples are cleaned up by a liquid-liquid extraction and a solid-phase extraction procedure (C18 cartridges), respectively. Methanol is added to rat plasma samples to precipitate plasma proteins. Scopolamine is incubated with homogenized liver and intestinal flora of rats in vitro, respectively. The metabolites in the incubating solution are extracted with ethyl acetate. Then these pretreated samples are injected into a reversed-phase C18 column with mobile phase of methanol-ammonium acetate (2 mM, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) (70:30, v/v) and detected by an on-line MSn system. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites are performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses (DeltaM), retention-times and full scan MSn spectra with those of the parent drug. The results reveal that at least 8 metabolites (norscopine, scopine, tropic acid, aponorscopolamine, aposcopolamine, norscopolamine, hydroxyscopolamine, and hydroxyscopolamine N-oxide) and the parent drug exist in feces after administering 55 mg/kg scopolamine to healthy rats. Three new metabolites (tetrahydroxyscopolamine, trihydroxy-methoxyscopolamine, and dihydroxy-dimethoxyscopolamine) are identified in rat urine. Seven metabolites (norscopine, scopine, tropic acid, aponorscopolamine, aposcopolamine, norscopolamine, and hydroxyscopolamine) and the parent drug are detected in rat plasma. Only 1 hydrolyzed metabolite (scopine) is found in the rat intestinal flora incubation mixture, and 2 metabolites (aposcopolamine and norscopolamine) are identified in the homogenized liver incubation mixture.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of chromatographic science",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "TY9EMZK5": {
        "id": "TY9EMZK5",
        "title": "Analysis of anisodine and its metabolites in homogenized liver of rat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "A method is described for the identification of anisodine and its metabolites in homogenized liver of rat by combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry ( LC-MS\"). Anisodine was incubated with homogenized liver of rats in vitro under rich oxygen condition. Its metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate and separated on a ReliAsil C 18 column(5 μm, 2 mm μ50 mm) using methanol/0. 01 % trithylamine solution (adjusted to pH 3. 5 with formic acid) ( 60 : 40, V/V) as mobile phase, then the metabolites were analyzed by LC-MS and LC-MS n. Two metabolites ( aponoranisodine and anisodine TV-oxide) were found in the incubation solution by comparing their changes in molecular masses (δM) , full scan MS n spectra with those of the parent drug and blank sample. The results indicate that the described HPLC-MS n method can be effectively applied to identify the metabolites of drugs.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anisodine",
            "Liquid chromatogrpahy tandem mass spectrometry",
            "Metabolite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fenxi Huaxue/ Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "utzt18yk": {
        "id": "utzt18yk",
        "title": "Analysis of anisodine and its metabolites in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "Aim: To identify anisodine and its metabolites in rat plasma after ingestion of anisodine by combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). Methods: Plasma sampls from rats after a single orally administration of 20 mg anisodine were added with methanol to precipitate protein. Then, it was analyzed by LC-MSn. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses, retention-times and full scan MSn spectra with those of the parent drug and blank plasma. Results: The results revealed that the parent drug and its four metabolites (norscopine, scopine, hydroxyanisodine, N-oxide anisodine) existed in rat plasma. Conclusion: This method is sensitive, rapid, simple, and it is suitable for the rapid identification of drug and its metabolits.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anisodine",
            "LC-MSn",
            "Metabolite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huai-Xia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "nja1od78": {
        "id": "nja1od78",
        "title": "Effects of daphnetin on lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and oxidative stress in OA‑treated HepG2 cells.",
        "abstract": "Non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease, and has high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Daphnetin (DAP) possesses notable antioxidative, anti‑inflammatory and anticoagulant activities; DAP is an active ingredient extracted from Daphne Koreana Nakai. To investigate the effects and the underlying mechanism of DAP on NAFLD, we treated HepG2 cells with oleic acid (OA) and DAP simultaneously and non‑simultaneously. In the simultaneous treatment condition, HepG2 cells were co‑treated with 0.5 mM OA and DAP (5, 20, and 50 µM) for 24 h. In the non‑simultaneous treatment conditions, HepG2 cells were pretreated with 0.5 mM OA for 24 h, and then treated with DAP (5, 20 and 50 µM) for 24 h. Following the aforementioned treatments, the biochemical indexes associated with NAFLD were measured as follows: i) The intracellular contents of triglyceride (TG), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fluorescent glucose 2‑[N‑(7‑nitrobenz‑2‑oxa‑1,3‑diazol‑4‑yl) amino]‑2‑deoxyglucose were analyzed with corresponding detection kits; and ii) the cellular expression levels of glycolipid metabolism‑ and oxidative stress‑related genes, including 5'AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), sterol regulatory element‑binding protein‑1C (SREBP‑1C), patatin‑like phospholipase domain‑containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor α (PPARα), phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), nuclear factor‑like 2 (Nrf2), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1 and CYP4A were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The results revealed the potential mechanism underlying the effects of DAP on NAFLD in vitro: i) By increasing the phosphorylation of AMPK, DAP inhibited the expression of SREBP‑1C and PNPLA3, and induced that of PPARα. Lipid accumulation within hepatocytes was reduced; ii) by upregulating PI3K expression and pAKT/AKT levels, DAP may alleviate insulin resistance and promote hepatocellular glucose uptake; and iii) by upregulating the expression of Nrf2, DAP downregulated the expression of CYP2E1 and CYP4A, and the levels of reactive oxygen species in hepatocytes.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yayun Liu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High‑throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Liao",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High‑throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High‑throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High‑throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular medicine reports",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ssU6mYW5": {
        "id": "ssU6mYW5",
        "title": "Characterization of in vivo and in vitro Metabolic Pathway of Anisodamine by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "anisodamine",
            "in vitro metabolism",
            "in vivo metabolism",
            "lc-msn",
            "metabolite",
            "structural elucidation",
            "liquid chromatography",
            "plasma proteins",
            "retention time",
            "metabolic pathway",
            "structure elucidation",
            "solid phase extraction",
            "system identification",
            "tandem mass spectrometry",
            "molecular mass"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "2xenoICr": {
        "id": "2xenoICr",
        "title": "In vivo effect of triptolide combined with glycyrrhetinic acid on rat cytochrome P450 enzymes",
        "abstract": "Triptolide (TP) is a major active component in Tripterygium root, but its therapeutic window was very narrow due to its severe multi-organ toxicity. In this work, the effect of TP combined with glycyrrhetic acid (GA) on mRNA expression and activity of four cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in rat liver was studied after intragastric administration of TP (0.05, 0.3 and 0.6 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) and TP (0.6 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) combined with GA (30 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for 7 consecutive days. Compared with the control, the high dose of TP significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of CYP2E1, 1A2, 3A1 and 2C11, the co-administration of TP and GA further up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of CYP3A1, 2C11 and 2E1 as compared with the high dose of TP. Meanwhile, TP at high dose and combined with GA significantly increased CYP3A-associated testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation activity (2.2-fold and 4.1-fold, respectively) as compared with the control. Because TP is mainly metabolized by CYP3A2 in male rats, the present work indicated that TP-induced increase of CYP3A activity might be an important reason for the rapidly metabolic clearance of TP in rat liver, and GA can reduce the hepatotoxicity of TP by promoting its hepatic metabolic clearance. Furthermore, the results also suggest that the drug interactions might be occurred when TP and GA were co-administered with other CYP3A substrate drug.",
        "keywords": [
            "CYP450",
            "Drug interaction",
            "Glycyrrhetic acid",
            "Liver",
            "Rat",
            "Triptolide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng-Mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Hong Peng",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "cBsqVYuT": {
        "id": "cBsqVYuT",
        "title": "Analysis of scopolamine and its metabolites in homogenate of rat liver by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "Objective: A method is described for the investigation of scopolamine and its metabolites in homogenate of rat liver by combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). Methods: Scopolamine was incubated with homogenate of rat liver in vitro under rich oxygen condition. Its metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate and analyzed by LC-MS and LC-MSn. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses and full scan MSn spectra with those of the parent drug and blank plasma. Results: The results revealed that two metabolites (aposcopolamine and norscopolamine) were found in the incubation solution in homogenate of rat liver. Conclusion: The major metabolic pathway of scopolamine in homogenate of rat liver are dehydration and demethylation.",
        "keywords": [
            "LC-MSn",
            "Metabolite",
            "Scopolamine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "02e10iI1": {
        "id": "02e10iI1",
        "title": "In vivo and in vitro study of papaverine and its major metabolites",
        "abstract": "null",
        "keywords": [
            "HPLC-MS n",
            "Intestinal flora",
            "Liver microsome",
            "Papaverine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-hong Peng",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Song",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "cIQi67v1": {
        "id": "cIQi67v1",
        "title": "Identification of metabolites of lobeline in the rat urine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "This is a report about the analysis of lobeline and its metabolites in rat urine by using high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometric method (LC/MS n ). The urine of healthy rat were sampled from 0 to 24 h after administered a single dose of lobeline (3 mg/kg) by oral gavage, then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min to get the supernatants. The supernatants were purified by solid-phase extraction (SPE) with a C 18 cartridge. After the above purified process, the purified urine were injected into a reversed-phase C 18 column with mobile phase of methanol/water (70:30, v/v, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) and detected by an on-line MS n system. The identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular mass (Δ M ), full-scan MS n spectra with those of the parent drug. Ten metabolites of lobeline were found in rat urine. All the metabolites were reported for the first time. Keywords LC–MS n Lobeline Metabolite Rat 1 Introduction Lobeline ( Fig. 1 ) is a lipophilic, non-pyridino, alkaloidal constituent of Lobelia inflate LINN., also known as Rapuntium inflatum MILL., Indian weed, pukeweed, asthma weed, gagroot, vomitwort, bladderpod, eyebright, and Indian tobacco [1] . It has many nicotine-like effects, including tachycardia and hypertension [2] , bradycardia and hypotension in anesthetized rats [3] , hyperalgesia [4] , as well as analgesia after intrathecal, but not after subcutaneous, administration [5] , anxiolytic activity [6] , and improvement of learning and memory [7] . Interesting, intrathecal administration of lobeline also inhibits the analgesic effect of epibatidine (a potent nAChR agonist) [8,9] . Lobeline was previously investigated as a therapeutic agent to treat tobacco dependence and it has been demonstrated to inhibit the effect of amphetamines in behavioral and neurochemical assays [10] . A recent study indicated that lobeline has both temperature-dependent and temperature-independent neuroprotective effects against METH toxicity [11,12] . Compared with the comprehensive investigations for therapeutical purpose, the study on its metabolism is limited. To our knowledge, there was no paper have been reported about the metabolites of lobeline yet. LC–MS n technique which was considered less time consuming and less labor intensive was used to analyze drug metabolites in biological materials [13–16] . This approach has high sensitivity and specificity. Besides, it is considerably less time consuming and less labor intensive than other methods, such as HPLC and GC–MS. In addition, MS/MS technique has made it possible to acquire rich structural informative data from pseudomolecular ions of analytes of interest. The identification and structural elucidation of drug metabolites using LC–MS n method are based on the similarity of structural feature between the parent drug and its metabolites. The MS n product ion spectrum of each metabolite can provide detailed substructural information. So, using the product ion mass spectrum of the parent drug as a substructural template, the structure of metabolites may be rapidly characterized even without standards of metabolite [13,17–21] . The aim of this work was to develop a sensitive and specific LC/MS n method to identify metabolites of lobeline and elucidate its structure in biological fluids. 2 Materials and methods 2.1 Chemicals and reagents Lobeline was purchased from TianJin YiFang Co., Ltd. (TianJin, China). Methanol was of HPLC grade (Fisher Chemical Co., Inc., CA, USA). Water was deionized and double distilled. All other reagents were of analytical reagent grade. Stock solution of lobeline was prepared by dissolving lobeline in methanol to the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. 2.2 Apparatus LC/MS (MS n ) experiments were performed on an LCQ Duo quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer (Thermo-Finnigan, Corp., San Jose, USA) with Agilent 1100 Series G1311A Quat pump and G1313A autosampler using positive/negative electrospray as ionization process. The software Xcalibur version 1.2 (Finnigan) was applied for the system operation and data collection. The urine samples were purified using a C 18 solid-phase extraction cartridge (3 ml/200 mg, AccuBond II, Agilent). A high-speed desk top centrifuge (TGL-16C, Shanghai Anting Scientific Instrument Factory, Shanghai, China) was used to centrifuge urine samples. 2.3 Chromatographic conditions The separation of lobeline and its metabolites was performed using a reversed-phase column (Zorbax Extend-C18, 3.0 mm × 100 mm, 3.5 μm, Agilent, USA) connected with a guard column (cartridge 2.1 mm × 12.5 mm, 5 μm, Agilent) packed with the same packing material, and the analytes were detected by an on-line LC/MS n detector. The temperature of the column was set at 25 °C. The mobile phase was consisted of methanol and 2.0 mmol/L ammonium acetate (70:30, v/v, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid). The flow rate was 0.2 mL/min. The injection volume of the purified urine was 20 μL. 2.4 Mass spectrometric conditions Mass spectrometry was carried out on an LCQ Duo quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer (Thermo-Finnigan, Corp., San Jose, USA). The identification and structrural elucidation of lobeline and its metabolites were performed in electrospray positive ion mode, while the phase II metalolites of lobeline were also detected in electrospray negative ion mode to validate its structure. Nitrogen was used as the sheath gas (80 arbitrary units). The MS analysis were performed under automatic gain control conditions, using a typical source spray voltage of −60 kV, a capillary voltage of −37 V and a heated capillary temperature of 250 °C. The other parameters, including the voltages of octapole offset and tube lens offset, were also optimized to achieve the maximum abundance of the ions of interest by the automatic tuning procedure. The MS n product ion spectra were produced by collision induced dissociation (CID) of their molecular ion [M + H] + in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The energy of CID was 38% arbitrary units. Data acquisition was performed in full-scan LC/MS and LC/MS n . 2.5 Samples preparation 2.5.1 Collection of rat urine samples Six Wistar rats (180 ± 5 g, Hubei Experimental Animal Research Center, China) were housed in metabolic cages for the collection of urine. The rats were fasted for 24 h but with access to water, then administered a single dose of lobeline (3 mg/kg weight) by oral gavage. The rat urine were sampled up to 24 h after lobeline administration and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at room temperature, and the supernatants were collected and stored at −20 °C until further purification. 2.5.2 Purification of urine sample Solid-phase extraction (SPE) with a C 18 cartridge was used to purify the above supernatants of the urine samples. Before the cartridge was used, the cartridge was conditioned with 1 mL of MeOH followed by 1 mL of water, then the sample was passed through the cartridge and washed with 2 mL of water to remove the impurity. One mililiter of methanol was added to elute the analytes. The methanol effluent was centrifugated at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at room temperature, the supernatants were stored at −20 °C until for LC/MS n analysis. 3 Results and discussion 3.1 LC–MS and LC–MS n analysis of lobeline The LC/MS and LC/MS 2 analysis of lobeline were performed in electrospray positive ion mode. Lobeline was eluted at 2.31 min under the experimental conditions ( Fig. 2 A ). The full-scan mass spectrum of lobeline gave the protonated molecular ion [M + H] + at m / z 338. The MS 2 spectrum of the molecular ion at m / z 338 contains seven main product ions at m / z 320, 218, 216, 200, 105, 98 and 96 ( Fig. 2 B). The fragment ion at m / z 216 can lead to a MS 3 product ion at m / z 96 ( Fig. 2 C), and fragment ion at m / z 218 can lead to a MS 3 product ion at m / z 98 ( Fig. 2 D). The proposed fragmentation of lobeline was shown in Fig. 3 . The product ions and the corresponding neutral fragment loss were the characteristic structural information of lobeline, and were the sound basis to identify metabolites of lobeline. 3.2 LC–MS and LC–MS n analysis of metabolites Possible metabolite structures were considered based on the structure of lobeline and known common metabolic pathways. The full-scan mass spectra of rat urine samples before and after lobeline administration were compared to search the possible metabolites. Lobeline and its 10 metabolites with their protonated molecular ions [M + H] + at m / z 340, 354, 370, 356, 372 (two isomers), 514, 516, 530 and 532 were detected in rat urine after lobeline (3 mg/kg weight) administration. Then, the metabolites were analyzed by LC/MS n in SRM mode to obtain their MS n spectra (shown in Fig. 4 ). The molecular weight and MS fragmentation characteristic of each metabolite were compared with those of lobeline for more precise structural elucidation of metabolite. Among them, the retention time, the MS 2 and MS 3 spectra of the molecular ion at m / z 338 (M0) ( Fig. 4 A and B) were almost the same as those of lobeline. Therefore, M0 can be affirmed as the unchanged lobeline. The structure of metabolites were interpreted as follows. The molecular ion of M1 ( m / z 340) and its main MS 2 product ions at m / z 322 and 218 ( Fig. 4 C) were all 2 Da more than the molecular ion of M0 and its main MS 2 product ions at m / z 320 and 216. The product ion of M1 at m / z 218 can lead to a characteristic MS 3 product ion at m / z 98 ( Fig. 4 D). Furthermore, the characteristic MS 2 product ions of M0 at m / z 200 and 98 were also present in the MS 2 spectrum of M1, whereas the characteristic MS 2 product ions of M0 at m / z 216 and 96 disappear from the MS 2 spectrum of M1. So, M1 can be confirmed as the reduction product of lobeline, and the di-hydrogenating position was the unique carbonyl of lobeline. The molecular ion of M2 ( m / z 354) and its main MS 2 product ions at m / z 336 and 234 ( Fig. 4 E) were all 16 Da more than the molecular ion of M0 and its main MS 2 product ions at m / z 320 and 218. Furthermore, the characteristic fragment ions of M0 at m / z 216 and 105 were also present in the MS 2 spectrum of M2, and the fragment ion of M2 at m / z 216 can lead to a MS 3 product ion at m / z 96 ( Fig. 4 F). These results indicated that M2 was the hydroxylating product of M0, and the hydroxylating position was located at C ring. The molecular ion of M3 ( m / z 370) and its main MS 2 ions at m / z 352, 250 and 232 ( Fig. 4 I) were all 32 Da more than the molecular ion of M0 and its main MS 2 ions at m / z 320, 218 and 200. The MS 2 fragment ion of M3 at m / z 216 can lead to a MS 3 product ion at m / z 96 ( Fig. 4 J). Thus, M3 was the di-hydroxylating product of M0, and the hydroxylating position was located at C ring. The molecular ion M4 ( m / z 356) and its main MS 2 ions at m / z 338 and 234 were all 16 Da more than the molecular ion of M1 and its main product ions at m / z 322 and 218. The characteristic product ions of M1 at m / z 218 and 200 were also present in the MS 2 spectrum of M4 ( Fig. 4 G). The MS 2 fragment ion of M4 at m / z 218 can lead to a MS 3 product ion at m / z 98 ( Fig. 4 H). The results indicated that M4 was the hydroxylating product of M1, and the hydroxylated position was located at either A ring or C ring. The molecular ion of M5 and M6 ( m / z 372) can lead to five main MS 2 ions at m / z 354, 250, 234, 218 and 200 ( Fig. 4 K), and the fragment ion at m / z 218 can lead to a MS 3 product ion it m / z 98 ( Fig. 4 L). The molecular ion of M6 and its fragment ions at m / z 354 and 250 were all 32 Da more than the molecular ion of M1 and its main product ions at m / z 322 and 218. Thus M6 could be confirmed as the di-hydroxylated product of M1. The MS 2 fragment ions of M6 at m / z 218 and 200 shown that M6 is a di-hydroxylating product of M1 with the bis-hydroxylation on either A ring or C ring, whereas the MS 2 fragment ions of M5 at m / z 250 and 234 indicated that M5 was a di-hydroxylating product of M1 with one hydroxylation on B ring and an other hydroxylation on either A ring or C ring. So, M5 and M6 may be a mixture of two isomers. The molecular ions of M7 ( m / z 514), M8 ( m / z 516), M9 ( m / z 530) and M10 ( m / z 532) lose a neutral fragment 176 Da (Gla) to produce the most abundant daughter ions at m / z 338 ( Fig. 4 M), 340 ( Fig. 4 O), 354 ( Fig. 4 Q) and 356 ( Fig. 4 S), respectively. The MS 3 spectra of m / z 514 → 338, 516 → 340, 530 → 354 and 532 → 356 were almost the same as the MS 2 spectra of the molecular ions of M0, M1, M2 and M4, respectively. In addition, the ESI negative ion full-scan LC/MS spectrum of rat urine after drug administration yield their corresponding de-protonated molecular ions [M − H] − at m / z 512 (M7), 514 (M8), 528 (M9), 530 (M10), and all of the de-protonated molecular ions gave a MS 2 fragment ion at m / z 175 and subsequently MS 3 fragment ion at m / z 113 in ESI negative ion mode ( Fig. 4 N, P, R, T). This is the characteristic cleavage fragment of glucuronide conjugates [22,23] . Thus, M7, M8, M9 and M10 can be confirmed as the glucuronide conjugate of M0, M1, M2 and M4, respectively. The results also indicated that the parent drug and its metabolites can be detected for up to 24 h in rat urine sample after lobeline (3 mg/kg weight) administration. Regardless of the MS response difference of the metabolites, the relative contents of the metabolites, calculated by their LC/MS 2 chromatographic peak area, were as follows: M2 > M4 > M0 > M1 > M7 > M9 > M10 > M3 > M6 > M5 > M8. Because the polarity of metabolites were enhanced, so they were eluted ahead of the parent drug. Based on the structure of the metabolites, the proposed major metabolic pathway of lobeline in rats was shown in Fig. 5 . 4 Conclusions LC–MS n ion trap with electrospray ionization method was very suitable for the identification of lobeline and its metabolites in rat urine. Ten metabolites, included six phase I metabolites and four phase II metabolites, were found in rat urine for the first time. Acknowledgements This paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30630075) and funded by MOE Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University. The authors would like to thank their colleagues for their valuable technical assistance. References [1] L.P. Dwoskin P.A. Crooks Biochem. Pharmacol. 63 2002 89 [2] B.R. Olin S.K. Hebel J.L. Gremp M.K. Hulbertt Smoking deterrents B.R. Olin S.K. Hebel M.K. Hulbertt Drug Faces and Comparisons 1995 JB Lippincott St. Louis, MO 3087 [3] J.W. Sloan W.R. Martin M. Bostwick R. Hook WalaF E. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 30 1988 255 [4] S.R. Hamann W.R. Martin Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 47 1994 197 [5] M.I. Damaj G.S. Patrick K.R. Creasy B.R. Martin J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 282 1997 410 [6] J.D. Brioni A.B. O’Neill D.J.B. Kim M.W. Decker Eur. J. Pharmacol. 238 1993 1 [7] M.W. Decker M.J. Majchzark S.P. Americ Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 45 1993 571 [8] I.M. Khan T.L. Yaksh P. Taylor Brain Res. 753 1997 269 [9] I.M. Khan H. Buerkle P. Taylor T.L. Yaksh Neuropharmacology 37 1998 1515 [10] J.E. Polston C.S. Cunningham K.R. Rodvelt D.K. Miller Life Sci. 79 2006 981 [11] D.J. Eyerman B.K. Yamamoto J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 312 2005 160 [12] C.J. Wilhelm R.A. Johnson P.G. Lysko A.J. Eshleman A.J. Janowsky Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 310 2004 1142 [13] S.A. Chan M.J. Chen T.Y. Liu M.R. Fuh J.F. Deng M.L. Wu S.J. Hsieh Talanta 60 2003 679 [14] P. Rudewicz K.M. Straub Anal. Chem. 58 1986 2928 [15] X. Yu D. Cui M.R. Davis J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 10 1999 175 [16] W. Lam R. Ramanathan J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 13 2002 345 [17] Q.G. Dong J.K. Gu D.F. Zhong J.P. Fawcett D.F. Chu J. Chromatogr. B 72 2002 369 [18] E. Gangl H. Utkin N. Gerber P. Vouros J. Chromatogr. A 974 2002 91 [19] E.H. Kerns R.A. Rourich K.J. Volk M.S. Lee J. Chromatogr. B 698 1997 133 [20] E.W. Chung E.N.M. Ho D.K.K. Leung F.P.W. Tang K.C.H. Yiu T.S.M. Wan Chromatographia 59 2004 S29 [21] S.A. Appolonova A.V. Shpak V.A. Semenov J. Chromatogr. B 800 2004 281 [22] J.K. Gu D.F. Zhong X.Y. Chen Fresen. J. Anal. Chem. 365 1999 553 [23] X.Y. Chen D.F. Zhong J. Hao J.K. Gu Acta Pharm. Sin. 33 1998 849",
        "keywords": [
            "lc-ms n",
            "lobeline",
            "metabolite",
            "rat",
            "liquid chromatography",
            "molecular mass",
            "structure elucidation",
            "ion trap",
            "tandem mass spectrometry",
            "solid phase extraction",
            "high performance liquid chromatography",
            "electrospray ionization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Song",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhihong Peng",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoying Ge",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Mass Spectrometry",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ppupnOpX": {
        "id": "ppupnOpX",
        "title": "Sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric assay for atropine and its eleven metabolites in rat urine.",
        "abstract": "A sensitive and specific method is described for the simultaneous determination of atropine and its metabolites in rat urine by combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS(n)). Various extraction techniques (free fraction, acid hydrolyses and enzyme hydrolyses) and their comparison were carried out for investigation of the metabolism of atropine. After extraction procedure the pretreated samples were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column using a mobile phase of methanol/ammonium acetate (2 mM, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) (70: 30,v/v) and detected by an on-line LC-MS(n) system. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses (DeltaM), retention-times and full scan MS(n) spectra with those of the parent drug. The results revealed that at least eleven metabolites (N-demethyltropine, tropine, N-demethylatropine, p-hydroxyatropine, p-hydroxyatropine N-oxide, glucuronide conjugates and sulfate conjugates of N-demethylatropine, p-hydroxyatropine and the parent drug) and the parent drug existed in rat urine after ingesting 25 mg/kg atropine. p-Hydroxyatropine and the parent drug were detected in rat urine for up 106 h after ingestion of atropine.",
        "keywords": [
            "atropine",
            "lc-msn",
            "metabolite",
            "molecular mass",
            "structure elucidation",
            "enzyme",
            "tandem mass spectrometry",
            "retention time",
            "system identification",
            "liquid chromatography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huashan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "I2H1WAAW": {
        "id": "I2H1WAAW",
        "title": "LC/MS/MS for identification of in vivo and in vitro metabolites of jatrorrhizine.",
        "abstract": "The in vivo and in vitro metabolism of jatrorrhizine has been investigated using a specific and sensitive LC/MS/MS method. In vivo samples including rat feces, urine and plasma collected separately after dosing healthy rats with jatrorrhizine (34 mg/kg) orally, along with in vitro samples prepared by incubating jatrorrhizine with rat intestinal flora and liver microsome, respectively, were purified using a C(18) solid-phase extraction cartridge. The purified samples were then separated with a reversed-phase C(18) column with methanol-formic acid aqueous solution (70:30, v/v, pH3.5) as mobile phase and detected by on-line MS/MS. The structural elucidation of the metabolites was performed by comparing their molecular weights and product ions with those of the parent drug. As a result, seven new metabolites were found in rat urine, 13 metabolites were detected in rat feces, 11 metabolites were detected in rat plasma, 17 metabolites were identified in intestinal flora incubation solution and nine metabolites were detected in liver microsome incubation solution. The main biotransformation reactions of jatrorrhizine were the hydroxylation reaction, the methylation reaction, the demethylation reaction and the dehydrogenation reaction of parent drug and its relative metabolites. All the results were reported for the first time, except for some of the metabolites in rat urine.",
        "keywords": [
            "ms/ms",
            "jatrorrhizine",
            "metabolite",
            "hplc",
            "ms"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yi Zhang",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenhua Wu",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical chromatography : BMC",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "0YMfiHBz": {
        "id": "0YMfiHBz",
        "title": "Determination of anisodine and its metabolites in rat feces by tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "Aim: To establish a LC-MSn method for the identification of anisodamine and its metabolites in rat feces. Methods: Feces samples were collected after single administration of 25 mg· kg-1 anisodamine to rats, and dipped in water for 1 h. Samples were then extracted by ethyl acetate. The pretreated samples were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column using a mobile phase of methanol / 0.01% triethylamine (adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) (60:40, v/v) and detected by LC-MSn. Identification of the metabolites and elucidation of their structures were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses (ΔM), retention-times and full scan MSn spectra with those of the parent drug and blank feces. Results: The parent drug and its seven metabolites (6β-hydroxytropine, nor-6β-hydroxytropine, aponoranisodamine, apoanisodamine, noranisodamine and hydroxyanisodamine, tropic acid) were found in rat feces. Conclusion: This method is sensitive, rapid, simple, effective, and suitable for the rapid identification of drug and its metabolites in biologic samples.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anisodine",
            "Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
            "Metabolite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huai-Xia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "wuTMpTF2": {
        "id": "wuTMpTF2",
        "title": "Effect of radix and rhizome on the pharmacokinetics of puerarin from Tongmai granules in rats",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of the compatibility of radix and rhizome with pueraria on the pharmacokinetics of puerarin in rats. METHODS: The blood samples were collected at different time points after oral administration of the extracts from pueraria and compound recipe of pueraria (equivalent to 300 mg·kg -1 puerarin) to Wistar rats respectively, then purified and chromatographic analyzed for the content of puerarin. RESULTS: The mean plasma concentration-time curves of puerarin after oral administration of the extracts from pueraria and compound recipe of pueraria were fitted to two compartment open model. There were somewhat difference in the major pharmacokinetic parameters. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the group treated with the extract of pueraria were as follows: t 1/2(ka) (9.48±3.94) min, t 1/2α (13.74±3.67) min, t 1/2β=(136.65±26.00)min, t(peak)(29.02±11.94)min, ρ max(0.90±0.26)mg·L -1, AUC(186.10±49.57)mg·min·L -1, CL/F(s)(1.72±0.53)L·kg -1·min -1, V/F(c)(241.57±94.64)L·kg -1. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the group treated with the extract of compound recipe of pueraria were as follows: t 1/2ka(11.12±2.78)min, t 1/2α(27.65±7.06)min, t 1/2β(610. 34±293.58)min, t(peak)(24.50±4.56)min, ρ max(2. 57±1.34)mg·L -1, AUC=(571.64±504.22) mg·min·L -1, CL/F(s)(0.84±0.55)L·kg -1·min -1, V/F(c)= (79.45±38.23) L·kg -1. CONCLUSION: The work proved that the compatibility of radix and rhizome with pueraria can promote the absorption, increase the blood drug concentration and prolong the action time of puerarin in vivo.",
        "keywords": [
            "Compound recipe of pueraria",
            "Pharmacokinetics",
            "Pueraria",
            "Puerarin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Pan",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "wRweQKp8": {
        "id": "wRweQKp8",
        "title": "Structural elucidation of in vivo and in vitro metabolites of anisodine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.",
        "abstract": "Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESIMSn) was employed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro metabolism of anisodine. Feces, urine and plasma samples were collected after ingestion of 20 mg anisodine to healthy rats. Feces and urine samples were cleaned up by liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction procedures (C18 cartridges), respectively. Methanol was added to plasma samples to precipitate plasma proteins. Anisodine was incubated with homogenized liver and intestinal flora of rats in vitro, respectively, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. LC-MSn was used for the separation and identification of the metabolites using C18 column with mobile phase of methanol/0.01% triethylamine solution (2 mM, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) (60:40, v/v). The results revealed that five metabolites (norscopine, scopine, alpha-hydroxytropic acid, noranisodine and hydroxyanisodine) and the parent drug existed in feces. Three new metabolites (dimethoxyanisodine, tetrahydroxyanisodine and trihydroxy-methoxyanisodine) were identified in urine. Four metabolites (norscopine, scopine, hydroxyanisodine and anisodine N-oxide) and the parent drug were detected in plasma. Two hydrolyzed metabolites (scopine and alpha-hydroxytropic acid) were found in rat intestinal flora incubation mixture, and two metabolites (aponoranisodine and anisodine N-oxide) were identified in homogenized liver incubation mixture.",
        "keywords": [
            "anisodine",
            "lc-msn",
            "metabolite",
            "structure elucidation",
            "solid phase extraction",
            "electrospray ionization",
            "liquid chromatography",
            "tandem mass spectrometry",
            "plasma proteins"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "jDPHVpj2": {
        "id": "jDPHVpj2",
        "title": "Gene expression profile in immunologically injured liver cell of mice.",
        "abstract": "To study the gene expression profiles between immunologically injured liver cell and normal liver cell of mice and to screen on a large scale the differentially expressed genes associated with the formation of liver injury, the experimental mice were randomly divided into the normal group for controlling and the immunologically liver-injured group induced by BCG and LPS. The liver mRNA of the two groups were extracted respectively and reversely-transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of different fluorescence (Cy3, Cy5) labeled dUTP as the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray chips. The fluorescent signal results were acquired by scanner ScanArray 4000 and analyzed with software GenePix Pro 3.0. Among the 14112 target genes, 293 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed, in which 188 genes were up-regulated and 105 genes were down-regulated. Based on the analysis of biological functions of those differentially expressed genes, it was indicated that the occurrence and development of mouse liver damage induced by BCG and LPS were highly correlated with the processes of immune reactions, cell synthesis, metabolism, apoptosis and transportation in liver cell, which might be quite important for elucidating the regulatory network of gene expression associated with the liver damage, also important for finally discovering the pathogenic mechanisms of immunological liver damage.",
        "keywords": [
            "mouse",
            "cdna microarray",
            "gene expression profile.",
            "immunological liver damage",
            "gene expression",
            "chip"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science Wuhan 430062 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Cheng",
                "org": "Hubei University Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science Wuhan 430062 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qisong Xia",
                "org": "Hubei University Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science Wuhan 430062 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science Wuhan 430062 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science in China. Series C, Life sciences / Chinese Academy of Sciences",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "OdsGRu5v": {
        "id": "OdsGRu5v",
        "title": "EIS-MS performance and fingerprint of lipophilic constituents from Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiza",
        "abstract": "Objective: To elucidate the ESI-MS performance of lipophilic tanshinones and to establish a fingerprint of lipophilic tanshinones of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiza. Methods: The lipophilic tanshinones were extracted by ultrasonic wave with 95% ethanol from Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiza and the extracts were analyzed directly in positive ion mode by electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Results: The lipophilic tanshinones were easily to form molecular ions [M+H]+ and dimeric sodium adductions [2M+Na]+ in positive ion mode, molecular ions of lipophilic tanshinones were fragmentated through lossing H2O, CO and A-ring cleavages in ESI-MS2. The ESI-MS fingerprints of lipophilic tanshinone extracts with 14 selected characteristic peaks analyzed with SPSS software were characteristic and stable. Conclusion: Lipophilic tanshinones have similar ESI-MS performance; the ESI-MS fingerprint is a useful tool for a rapid and special identification of lipophilic tanshinones in selected traditional Chinese medicine.",
        "keywords": [
            "ESI-MS",
            "Fingerprint",
            "Lipophilic tanshinones",
            "Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Zhang",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "9uarXNKY": {
        "id": "9uarXNKY",
        "title": "Identification of in vivo and in vitro metabolites of triptolide by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.",
        "abstract": "Triptolide, a major active constituent of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has multiple pharmacological activities. In this work, a rapid, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography coupled to an ion trap mass spectrometer (MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) interface has been developed for identification of triptolide and some of its metabolites in rat urine after oral administration of a single dose (0.6 mg/kg) of triptolide to healthy rats, as well as some metabolites in vitro after incubation with rat liver microsome (RLM) and rat intestinal flora, respectively. All samples were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile/water (70:30, v/v) and detected by an on-line MS(n) detector. Identification and structural elucidation of the selected metabolites were performed by comparing their full scan MS(n) spectra with those of the parent drug. In this paper we identified ten metabolites in rat urine, four metabolites in RLM incubation solution and one metabolite in rat intestinal flora incubation solution, after drug administration. The metabolic reactions of triptolide that we observed in vivo were hydrolysis reaction, hydroxylation reaction, and the conjugate reaction with sulfate, glucuronide and GSH, respectively. The in vitro metabolic reactions of triptolide observed were hydrolysis and hydroxylation reactions.",
        "keywords": [
            "triptolide",
            "rat intestinal flora",
            "metabolite",
            "rat liver microsome",
            "lc-msn"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-hong Peng",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-jun Wang",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "aXXHqb6K": {
        "id": "aXXHqb6K",
        "title": "Identification of palmatine and its metabolites in rat urine by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.",
        "abstract": "Palmatine is an isoquinoline alkaloid that has been widely used in China for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases such as gynecological inflammation, bacillary dysentery, enteritis, respiratory tract infection, urinary infection, etc. In the study reported in this paper, a simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometric method (MS/MS) was developed for elucidation of the structures of metabolites of palmatine in rat urine after administration of a single dose (20 mg/kg). The rat urine samples were collected and purified through C18 solid-phase extraction cartridges, and then injected onto a reversed-phase C18 column with 60:40 (v/v) methanol/0.01% triethylamine solution (2 mM, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) as mobile phase and detected by on-line MS/MS. Identification of the metabolites and elucidation of their structures were performed by comparing changes in molecular masses (DeltaM), retention times and spectral patterns of product ions with those of the parent drug. As a result, six phase I metabolites, the parent drug palmatine and two phase II metabolites were identified in rat urine for the first time.",
        "keywords": [
            "tandem mass spectrometry",
            "liquid chromatography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Mingming Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhihong Peng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "3yhEEBbY": {
        "id": "3yhEEBbY",
        "title": "Liquid chromatography-tandem electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometric assay for the metabolites of jatrorrhizine in rat urine",
        "abstract": "Aim: To identify the main metabolites of jatrorrhizine in rat urine. Methods: The rat urine samples were collected 0 -72 h after ig 12 mg · kg -1 jatrorrhizine, then the samples were purified through C 18 solid-phase extraction cartridge. The purified samples were analyzed by combining liquid chromatography and tandem electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/ITMS n). Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing the changes in molecular masses, retention-times and full scan MS n spectra with those of the parent drug. Results: At least seven phase I metabolites (such as de-methyl, de-hydrogen and hydroxyl metabolites) and eleven phase II metabolites (such as glucuronide conjugates and methyl-conjugates) were identified in rat urine. Conclusion: The developed LC-ESI/ITMS n method is not only simple and rapid but also sensitive and specific for the identification of metabolites of jatrorrhizine in rat urine.",
        "keywords": [
            "Jatrorrhizine",
            "LC-ESI/ITMS n",
            "Metabolite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng-mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming-ming Zhu",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huai-xia Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Wl9EUIg5": {
        "id": "Wl9EUIg5",
        "title": "Identification of anisodamine and its metabolites in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE: To identify anisodamine and its metabolites in rat plasma by combining chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). METHODS: Methanol was added to the plasma sample from rats after single administration of 20 mg anisodamine for precipitating protein, then the supernatant was analyzed by LC-MSn. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses (ΔM), retentio n-times and full scan MSn spectra between the parent drug and blank plasma. RESULTS: The results revealed that the parent drug and its six metabolites (N-demethyl-6β-hydroxytropine, 6β-hydroxytropine, tropic acid, dehydrated anisodamine, hydroxyanisodamine, anisodamine N-oxide) existed in rat plasma. CONCLUSION: This method is sensitive, rapid, simple, and it is suitable to the rapid identification of drug and its metabolits.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anisodamine",
            "Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry",
            "Metabolite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Huai-xia",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Du",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HAN Feng-mei",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei University(Hubei University,Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "OqboKIaf": {
        "id": "OqboKIaf",
        "title": "Chromatographic tandam mass spectrometric detection of papaverine and its major metabolites in rat urine",
        "abstract": "A rapid, sensitive and specific liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem ion trap mass spectrometric method has been developed for identification of papaverine and its metabolites in rat urine. Six healthy rats were administrated a single dose (100 mg/kg) of papaverine by oral gavage. The urine were sampled for 0–24 h and purified by using a C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge, then the purified urine samples were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column using methanol/2 mmol/L ammonium acetate (70:30, v/v, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) as mobile phase and detected by an on-line MS detector. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular mass (Δ m ) and full scan MS n spectra with those of the parent drug. The results indicated that there were 14 metabolites in rat urine, such as de-methoxyl, hydroxyl, glucuronide and sulfate conjugated metabolites and so on. All these metabolites were reported for the first time. Keywords Papaverine HPLC-MS n Metabolite Rat 1 Introduction HPLC-MS n , which takes the advantage in sensitivity and specificity, and less time consuming and less labor intensive comparing GC and HPLC had been proved to be a modern powerful tool for the identification of drug metabolites in biological matrices [1–4] . In addition, ESI-MS n technique had made it possible to analyze thermo-labile, highly polar and non-volatile metabolites and acquire rich structural information of interesting analytes. The metabolites can keep the basic structural features of parent drug after biotransformation, so the product ions of parent drug associated with their basic structural features obtained by MS n technique can be used as a substructural template of metabolite's analysis [5–8] . Papavarine (4-(3′,4′-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-quinoline, m.w. 340), as one of benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids, was used clinically as a bronchodilator to relaxes various smooth muscles, smooth musculature of the larger blood vessels, especially coronary, systemic peripheral and pulmonary arteries to increase cerebral blood flow [9] . Despite its important therapeutical values, its metabolism both in vivo and in vitro is not clear yet. Up till now, the works only focused on the quantitative determination of papaverine. The methods have been reported for the determination of papaverine including TLC [10] , spectrophotometry [11–13] , GC [14] , HPLC [15,16] , and MS [17] . In this work, a sensitive and specific HPLC/ESI-ITMS n method was presented for rapid identification of papaverine and its metabolites in rat urine. The HPLC/ESI-ITMS n analyses of urine sampled from healthy rats after ingesting 100 mg/kg papaverine revealed that the parent drug and its 14 metabolites existed in rat urine. All these metabolites were reported for the first time. 2 Materials and methods 2.1 Chemicals and reagents Papaverine·HCl was purchased from TianJin YiFang Co., Ltd. (TianJin, China) with a certificate of analysis indicating an estimated purity >99%. Methanol is of HPLC grade (Fisher Chemical Co. Inc., CA, USA). Acetic Acid was purchased from Sigma Co. Water was deionized and double distilled. Other reagents used are of analytical grade. Stock solution of papaverine was prepared by dissolving accurately weighed pure substances in methanol to yield a concentration of 10 μg/mL. 2.2 Apparatus HPLC-MS n experiments were performed on an LCQ Duo quadru-pole ion trap mass spectrometer (Thermo Finnigan, Corp, San Jose, USA) with a modern Quat HPLC pump and an auto-sampler (Agilent 1100 series) and a TSP AS3000 auto-sampler using positive electrospray as the ionization process. The software Xcalibur version 1.2 (Finnigan) was applied for system operation and data collection. A high-speed desktop centrifuge (TGL-16C, Shanghai Anting Scientific Instrument Factory, Shanghai, China) was used to centrifuge urine samples. 2.3 Chromatographic conditions The Agilent 1100 HPLC was equipped with a reversed-phase column (Zorbax Extend-C 18 , 3.0 mm × 100 mm i.d., 3.5 um, Agilent, USA), including a Phenomenex 4 mm × 2 mm phenylpropyl guard column. The mobile phase was consisted of methanol and 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate (70:30, v/v, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid). Before use, the mobile phase was filtrated through a 0.45 μm filter, the flow rate was 0.2 mL/min and the injection volume was 20 μL. 2.4 Mass spectrometric conditions The mass spectrometer was tuned for positive ion spectra by direct infusion of 10 μg mL −1 papaverine. The peak shape and intensity of the mono-protonated papaverine m / z 340 ion were optimized by adjustment of source spray voltage, capillary voltage, capillary temperature, voltages of octa-pole offset and tube lens offset. The source spray voltage was 4.5 kV; a capillary voltage of 26 V and a heated capillary temperature 250 °C were left. The voltages of octa-pole offset and tube lens offset were also optimized for maximum abundance of the ions of interest by the automatic tune procedure of the instrument. The MS n product ion spectra were produced by collision induced dissociation (CID) of the molecular ion [M + H] + of all analytes in selected reaction monitoring mode (SRM). The collision energy for each ion transition was optimized to produce the highest intensity of the selected ion peak. The optimized CID energy was 40% for both MS 2 and MS 3 works. Data acquisition was performed in full scan HPLC-MS and tandem MS n modes. 2.5 Samples preparation 2.5.1 Administration Six male Wistar rats (180 ± 5 g, Hubei Experimental Animal Research Center, China) were housed in metabolic cages for the collection of urine. All the animal studies were performed in the SPF laboratory. The rats were provided standard laboratory food and water ad libitum . The rats were fasted for 24 h but with access to water, and then administered 100 mg/kg oral gavage doses of papaverine. Urine samples were collected for a period of 0–48 h and centrifuged at 3000 × g for 10 min. The supernatant was collected and stored at −20 °C until used to purify the metabolites Table 1 . 2.5.2 Urine extraction Solid phase extraction (SPE) with a C18 cartridge (3 mL/200 mg, AccuBond II , Agilent) was used to purify the above supernatants of urine sample, for LC–MS n analysis. Before use, SPE columns were conditioned by adding sequentially 2 mL the mixture solution consisted of methanol and 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate (70:30,v/v, adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid), 2 mL methanol, 2 mL deionized water. Then the selected supernatant sample was loaded, and the column was washed with 3 mL deionized water to elute the impurity and 2 mL methanol to elute the analytes in turn. The eluent containing the metabolites were centrifuged again at 3000 × g for 10 min. The decanted liquid was transferred to a microinjection vial and sealed. Based on this experiment, the purified samples were stable for at least 2 months at 4 °C Fig. 1 . 3 Results and discussion 3.1 LC-MS and LC-MS n analysis of papaverine On dissolution in methanol: 0.05% formic acid (aq.), Papaverine readily produced an m / z 340 [M + H] + protonated pseudomolecular ion. This species produced one prominent daughter ion at m / z 202 on collision-induced dissociation in the MS 2 spectrum ( Fig. 2 C ). This ion arises by cleavage of the C–C bond at the methylene bridge between dimethoxybenzyl and isoquinoline ring systems to release neutral 3′,4′-dimethoxybenzene, m.w. 137 with shift of a proton. Besides, The fragment ions at m / z 325, 310, 234, 187, 171 and 156 were also detected in the MS 2 spectrum ( Fig. 2 C). The product ions at m / z 325 and 310 were formed by loss of one methyl group and loss of one neutral fragment OCH 2 , respectively. The product ion at m / z 234 was produced by the methoxyl long-range rearrangement to isoquinoline. The product ion at m / z 187 was isoquinoline ring. The product ion at m / z 171 was formed by demethoxyl of the fragment ion at m / z 202, which also exist in MS 3 ( Fig. 2 D) of m / z 340 → 202, and the product ion at m / z 156 was produced by demethyl of the fragment ion at m / z 171. The product ions and the corresponding neutral fragment loss mentioned above which were the similar with Wickens et al. [18] , were the characteristic structural information of papaverine and were the sound bases to identify metabolites of papaverine. The mass fragmentation rule of papaverine was shown in Fig. 3 . 3.2 LC-MS and LC-MS n analysis of metabolites In order to identify the metabolites, the possible structures of metabolites were speculated according to the rule of drug metabolism and the structure of parent drug firstly. Then, the full scan mass spectrum of the purified rat urine after administration of papaverine was compared with those of blank rat urine free of papaverine to find the possible metabolites. No impurity or endogenous interference has been found in the presented method. Finally, the possible metabolites were analyzed by HPLC-MS n to elucidate their structures through comparing their retention times, changes in observed mass (Δ m ) and mass spectral patterns of product ions with those of papaverine. The parent drug can be detected for up to 72 h in urine sample of healthy rats after ingestion of papaverine, but its metabolites cannot be monitored beyond 24 h. Based on the method mentioned above, the parent drug and its metabolites were found in rat urine after administration of papaverine. Their molecular ions ([M + H] + ) were at m / z 326, 312, 298, 342, 328, 314, 356, 406, 502, 392, 488, 518, 504, and 532, respectively. MS n spectra of motabolites, obtained by CID of their molecular ions in SRM mode, were used for more precise structural identification of metabolites. Among them, the retention time, the MS 2 and MS 3 spectra of the molecular ion at m / z 340 (M0) were the same as those of papaverine. Therefore, M0 is the unchanged parent drug. The molecular ion at m / z 326 (M1) and its daughter ions at m / z 311, 296, 220, 188 and 173 ( Fig. 4 A ) were all 14 Da less than the molecular ion of parent drug ( m / z 340) and its daughter ions at m / z 325, 310, 234, 202 and 187. These results indicated that M1 was the demethyl product of papaverine. The major ion at m / z 157 existed in MS 3 spectrum of m / z 326 → 188 ( Fig. 4 B). These results indicated that M1 was the demethyl product of papverine, and the demethyl position is located at the isoquinoline cycle. The protonated molecular ion of m / z 312 (M2) and its characteristic product ions at m / z 297, 282, 220, 188, and 173 ( Fig. 4 C) were 28 and 14 Da less than those of the unchanged papaverine and its characteristic product ions at m / z 325, 310, 234, 202, and 187, respectively. The characteristic fragment ion at m / z 157 was presented in the MS 3 spectrum of m / z 312 → 188 ( Fig. 4 D). So M2 was de-dimethyl metabolite of the parent drug, and the locations of de-methyl were in isoquinoline ring and dimethoxybenzyl ring, simultaneously. The fragment ions at m / z 283 and 268 were produced by the loss of neutral fragments 15 and 30 Da from the molecular ion at m / z 298 (M3, Fig. 4 E), which were the same as the fragments loss of papaverine. It was obvious that the molecular ion of M3 and its daughter ions at m / z 283 and 268 were all 42 Da less than the molecular ion of papaverine and its daughter ions at m / z 325 and 310. Thus, M3 can be affirmed as the de-trimethyl product of papaverine. The MS 3 fragment ion at m / z 157 of M3 ( m / z 298 → 188) ( Fig. 4 F) was 14 Da less than the MS 3 fragment ion at m / z 171 of M0 ( m / z 340 → 202). These results indicated that M3 was formed by lossing one methyl of isoquinoline ring and two methyls of dimethoxybenzyl ring from M0. The molecular ion at m / z 342 (M4), 328 (M5), 314 (M6) and 356 (M7) were all 16 Da more than the molecular ions at m / z 326 (M1), 312 (M2), 298 (M3), 340 (M0), respectively, and their fragment loss were the same as papaverine. The MS 3 fragment ion at m / z 173 of M4 ( m / z 342 → 204), M5 ( m / z 328 → 204), M6 ( m / z 314 → 204) was 16 Da more than the MS 3 fragment ion at m / z 157 of M1 (326 → 188), M2 (312 → 188), M3 (298 → 188), and the MS 3 fragment ion at m / z 187 of M7 ( m / z 356 → 218) ( Fig. 4 H, J, L) was also 16 Da more than the MS 3 fragment ion at 171 of M0 ( m / z 340 → 202) (4N), respectively. Thus, M4, M5, M6, M7 could be affirmed as the mono-hydroxylation product of M1, M2, M3, and M0, respectively. The protonated molecular ion at m / z 406 (M8) and m / z 392 (M10) lost neutral fragment 80 Da (SO 3 ) to produce the daughter ion at m / z 326 (M1) and m / z 312 (M2), respectively ( Fig. 4 O and Q). The MS 3 spectrums of m / z 406 → 326, 392 → 312 were the same as the MS 2 spectrum of the protonated molecular ion of M1, M2. In addition, there were the molecular ions at m / z 404 and 390 in the negative ion full scan MS spectrum of the urine samples. Consequently, M8, M10 were identified as the sulphated conjugate of M1, M2 according to the rule of drug metabolism. The selectivity of this conjugated reaction has been validated by many studies [19] . The MS 2 spectrum of m / z 502 (M9), 488 (M11), 518 (M12), 504 (M13) and 532 (M14) gave abundant daughter ion at m / z 326, 312, 342, 328 and 356, respectively ( Fig. 4 P and R, S–U), which were all produced by the neutral loss of 176 Da (glucuronic acid), and the MS 3 spectra of m / z 502 → 326, 488 → 312, 518 → 342, 504 → 328, 532 → 356 were the same as the MS 2 spectra of M1, M2, M4, M5 and M0, respectively. Besides, there were the molecular ion at m / z 500, 486, 516, 502 and 530 in the negative ion full scan mass spectrum of the urine sample and product ion at m / z 175 in the MS 2 spectra of the metabolites mentioned above. Furthermore, the fragment ion at m / z 113 appeared in the MS 3 spectrum of m / z 500 → 175, 486 → 175, 516 → 175, 502 → 175, 530 → 175. This fragmentation (500 → 175 → 113, 486 → 175 → 113, 516 → 175 → 113, 502 → 175 → 113, 530 → 175 → 113) ( Fig. 4 V) is the cleavage feature of glucuronide conjugates [20,21] . Thus, M9, M11, M12, M13 and M14 were identified as the glucuronide conjugate of M1, M2, M4, M5 and M7, respectively. The product ion at m / z 471.1 in Fig. 4 R was formed by loss of 1 OH group from m / z 488.2. And in Fig. 4 S, the product ion at m / z 500 was produced by the loss H 2 O from m / z 518.2; m / z 324.1 was formed by the neutral fragment loss of H 2 O from m / z 342. The fragment ion at m / z 204 may be the both demethyl and oxidation on isoquinoline of 342. Based on the above discussion, the proposed major metabolic pathway of papaverine in vivo was shown in Fig. 5 . 4 Conclusions For the first time, the metabolites of papaverine in rat urine were analyzed by the presented method. Papaverine and its metabolites in rat urine were identified through comparing their chromatographic retention times, changes in observed mass (Δ m ) and tandem MS spectra with those of the parent drug. The results indicated that there were 14 metabolites in rat urine, such as de-methoxyl, hydroxyl, and glucuronide conjugated and sulfate conjugated metabolites and so on. All these metabolites were reported for the first time. Acknowledgements This paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30630075) and the Grant 020092325 of the Key Technology R&D Program of China Hubei Provincial Science & Technology Department. The authors would like to thank their colleagues for their valuable technical assistance. References [1] S.A. Chan M.J. Chen T.Y. Liu M.R. Fuh J.F. Deng M.L. Wu S.J. Hsieh Talanta 60 2003 679 [2] P. Rudewicz K.M. Straub Anal. Chem. 58 1986 2928 [3] X. Yu D. Cui M.R. Davis J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 10 1999 175 [4] W. Lam R. Ramanathan J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 13 2002 345 [5] Q. Dong J. Gu D. Zhong J. Paul Fawcett D. Chu J. Chromatogr. B 772 2002 369 [6] E. Gangl H. Utkin N. Gerber P. Vouros J. Chromatogr. A 974 2002 91 [7] E.W. Chung E.N.M. Ho D.K.K. Leung F.P.W. Tang K.C.H. Yin T.S.M. Wan Chromatographia 59 2004 S29 [8] S.A. Appolonova A.V. Shpak V.A. Semenov J. Chromatogr. B 800 2004 281 [9] N.T. Abdel-Ghani A.F. Shoukry Y.M. Issa O.A. Wahdan J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 28 2002 373 [10] A.S. Saushkina T.I. Maksimenko I.N. Klimenko O.N. Shcherbina Farm. Zh. 2 1992 41 [11] E.E. Karibyan I.P. Shesterova Sh.T. Talipov Zh. Anal. Khim. 34 1979 1354 [12] K.A. Mirzaeva M.S. Akhmedova A.S. Ramazanow S.A. Akhmedov J. Anal. Chem. 59 2004 215 [13] J.A. Salmeron F. Bosch An. R. Acad. Farm. 52 1986 65 [14] D.B. Borojevic D. Radulovic D. Ivanovic P. Ristic J. Pharm. Biomed. 21 1999 15 [15] B.D. Paul C. Dreka E.S. Knight M.L. Smith Planta Med. 62 1996 544 [16] L. Krenn S. Glantshning U. Sorgner Chromatographia 47 1998 21 [17] R. Kikura-Hanajiri N. Kaniwa M. Ishibashi Y. Makino S. Kojima J. Chromatogr. B. 789 2003 l39 [18] J.R. Wickens R. Sleeman B.J. Keely Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 20 2006 473 [19] W.S. Zhang A.L. Li Medicinal Chemistry 1999 Higher Education Press China pp.43, 67–68 [20] J.K. Gu D.F. Zhong X.Y. Chen J. Anal. Chem. 365 1999 553 [21] X.Y. Chen D.F. Zhong J. Hao J.K. Gu Acta Pharm. Sin. 33 1998 849",
        "keywords": [
            "hplc-ms n",
            "metabolite",
            "papaverine",
            "rat",
            "structure elucidation",
            "solid phase extraction",
            "molecular mass",
            "electrospray ionization",
            "ion trap"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhihong Peng",
                "org": "China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Song",
                "org": "China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengmei Han",
                "org": "China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingming Zhu",
                "org": "China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Mass Spectrometry",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "hzyIEDg9": {
        "id": "hzyIEDg9",
        "title": "Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of anisodamine and its phase I and II metabolites in rat urine.",
        "abstract": "A sensitive and specific method for the analysis of anisodamine and its metabolites in rat urine by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed. Various extraction techniques (free fraction, acid hydrolyses and enzyme hydrolyses) and their comparison were carried out for investigation of the metabolism of anisodamine. After extraction procedure the pretreated samples were injected on a reversed-phase C18 column with mobile phase (0.2 ml/min) of methanol/0.01% triethylamine solution (adjusted to pH 3.5 with formic acid) (60:40, v/v) and detected by MS/MS. Identification and structural elucidation of the metabolites were performed by comparing their changes in molecular masses (DeltaM), retention-times and full scan MS(n) spectra with those of the parent drug. At least 11 metabolites (N-demethyl-6beta-hydroxytropine, 6beta-hydroxytropine, tropic acid, N-demethylanisodamine, hydroxyanisodamine, anisodamine N-oxide, hydroxyanisodamine N-oxide, glucuronide conjugated N-demethylanisodamine, sulfate conjugated and glucuronide conjugated anisodamine, sulfate conjugated hydroxyanisodamine) and the parent drug were found in rat urine after the administration of a single oral dose 25mg/kg of anisodamine. Hydroxyanisodamine, anisodamine N-oxide and the parent drug were detected in rat urine for up 95 h after ingestion of anisodamine.",
        "keywords": [
            "anisodamine",
            "lc-ms/ms",
            "metabolite",
            "enzyme",
            "lc ms",
            "structure elucidation",
            "tandem mass spectrometry",
            "electrospray ionization",
            "retention time",
            "liquid chromatography",
            "molecular mass"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaixia Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huashan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "CONYx12A": {
        "id": "CONYx12A",
        "title": "The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of three canthinone alkaloids after administration of Kumu injection to rats.",
        "abstract": "Kumu injection (KMI) is made from the branches and stems of Picrasma quassiodes (D. Don) Benn. and has been used clinically for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection, acute tonsillitis, enteritis and bacillary dysentery. 3-methylcanthin-2,6-dione, 5-hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one, 4,5-dimethoxycanthin-6-oneare the active ingredients of KMI because of its therapeutic effects.To develop a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of three active canthinone alkaloids (4,5-dimethoxycanthin-6-one, 5-hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one and 3-methylcanthin-2,6-dione) in rat plasma and for the pharmacokinetic study of them after administered of KMI to rats.Rats were divided into 5 groups (n=5 per group), 3 groups administered intramuscularly with a single dose of KMI at 0.30, 0.45 and 0.90mL/kg respectively, and the other 2 groups administered intragastically or intravenously a single dose of KMI at 0.9mL/kg respectively. The concentrations of 4,5-dimethoxycanthin-6-one, 5-hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one and 3-methylcanthin-2,6-dione in plasma were determined by the established LC-MS/MS method at different time points and the pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by non-compartmental analysis.Pharmacokinetic results indicated that all of the alkaloids were absorbed rapidly and 3-methylcanthin-2,6-dione was eliminated fastest in rats. After intramuscular administration of KMI to rats, the absolute bioavailability is excellent, and the pharmacokinetic profiles are characterized by the first order kinetics.The established method is suitable for the quantitation of the three alkaloids in rat plasma. And this pharmacokinetic study suggested that intramuscular injection of KMI was suitable in clinical usage.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bioavailability",
            "Canthinone alkaloids",
            "Kumu injection",
            "LC-MS/MS",
            "Pharmacokinetics",
            "Rat plasma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liang Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolei Miao",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhihong Peng",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Wang",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of ethnopharmacology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "qeMaU7mg": {
        "id": "qeMaU7mg",
        "title": "The effect of L-thyroxine substitution on oxidative stress in early-stage diabetic nephropathy patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a randomized double-blind and placebo-controlled study.",
        "abstract": "Oxidative stress is greater in the DN patients with SCH, and SCH may exacerbate kidney injury in early DN patients. The LT4 treatment may decrease the oxidative stress and attenuate renal injury in DN patient with SCH.",
        "keywords": [
            "Albuminuria",
            "Diabetic nephropathy",
            "Levothyroxine",
            "Oxidative stress",
            "Subclinical hypothyroidism"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Nephropathy, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, 228 Jingui Road, Xianning, 437100, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ganlin Wu",
                "org": "Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of science and Technology, 88 Xianning Road, Xianning, 437100, China. ganlinwu@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Meirong Xu",
                "org": "Department of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, 58 Chahua Road, Xianning, 437100, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International urology and nephrology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "H9hhCAfF": {
        "id": "H9hhCAfF",
        "title": "Preclinical Pharmacokinetics of Triptolide: A Potential Antitumor Drug.",
        "abstract": "Triptolide, a bioactive component in Tripterygium wilfordii extracts, possess strong anti-proliferative activity on all 60-national cancer institute (NCI) cancer cell lines. The antitumor property of triptolide has made it become a promising anti-cancer drug. However, the widespread use of triptolide in the clinical practice is greatly limited for its multi-organ toxicity and narrow therapeutic window. All the toxic characteristics of triptolide are associated with the pharmacokinetics especially its distribution and accumulation in the target organ. The article presents a comprehensive review of the preclinical pharmacokinetics of triptolide. Oral triptolide is rapidly and highly absorbed. Grapefruit juice affects oral absorption, increasing the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) by 153 % and the maximum concentration (Cmax) by 141 %. The AUC and the Cmax are not dose proportional. Triptolide distributes into the liver, heart, spleen, lung and kidney. Biotransformation of triptolide in rats includes hydroxylation, sulfate, glucuronide, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and glutathione (GSH) conjugation and combinations of these pathways. Less than 4 % of triptolide was recovered from the feces, bile and urine within 24 h. After repeating dosage, triptolide was eliminated quickly without accumulation in vivo. As a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and CYP3A4, triptolide could have clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions with those proteins substrates/inhibitors.",
        "keywords": [
            "Triptolide",
            "antitumor.",
            "drug-drug interaction",
            "metabolism",
            "pharmacokinetics",
            "toxicity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Song",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Meilin Liu",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Wu",
                "org": "Lab of Structure Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Zhai",
                "org": "Lab of Structure Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhihong Peng",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Current drug metabolism",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "SFyxIdBw": {
        "id": "SFyxIdBw",
        "title": "Protocatechuic acid inhibits hepatitis B virus replication by activating ERK1/2 pathway and down-regulating HNF4α and HNF1α in vitro.",
        "abstract": "To our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the anti-HBV mechanism of PCA. Our results demonstrate that PCA inhibits HBV replication by activating ERK1/2 pathway and subsequently down-regulating HNF4α and HNF1α in HepG2.2.15 cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "ERK1/2 pathway",
            "HepG2.2.15 cells",
            "Hepatitis B virus",
            "Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α and 4α",
            "Protocatechuic acid"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Qing Dai",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Tao Cai",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Wu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Electronic address: cy101610@qq.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Mei Han",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Electronic address: chzz.han@qq.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Life sciences",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "grtQGnV9": {
        "id": "grtQGnV9",
        "title": "NQO1-Selective Activated Prodrug of Triptolide: Synthesis and Antihepatocellular Carcinoma Activity Evaluation.",
        "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis. Due to its poor response to conventional chemotherapy drugs, the prognosis for its survival is the worst. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an attractive anticancer target due to its overexpression in HCC. Although triptolide (TP) possesses potent antitumor activity, its clinical practice is greatly limited due to its general toxicities and narrow therapeutic window. Herein, we develop an NQO1-selective activated TP analog, named CX-23, which exhibited antiproliferation of HepG2 over normal hepatocytes in vitro. In vivo study shows that CX-23 can not only prevent the hepatocellular carcinoma progression but also migrate the liver and kidney toxicity. These findings indicate that NQO1 may serve as a targeted delivery system to release an antitumor reagent and that CX-23 may be a promising lead for developing targeted antihepatocellular carcinoma drugs.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Meilin Liu",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Song",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Du",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingtian Su",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kang Dong",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhihong Peng",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS medicinal chemistry letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "KB3Vq1F0": {
        "id": "KB3Vq1F0",
        "title": "Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles for synergistic drug delivery to overcome cancer drug resistance",
        "abstract": "To overcome the major obstacle of successful cancer chemotherapy, multidrug resistance (MDR), we prepared lipid-shell and polymer-core nanoparticles (LPNPs) to co-deliver an anticancer drug and a drug resistance inhibitor to achieve a synergistic effect and to overcome cancer drug resistance. LPNPs are composed of a core of cholic acid functionalized star poly(DL-lactide) with a fast degradation and surface erosion degradation mechanism and a shell of lecithin decorated by DSPE-PEG. A chemotherapeutic drug (paclitaxel, PTX) and a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (celecoxib, CXB) to down-regulate P-gp expression were co-loaded in the lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles to obtain PTX/CXB@LPNP. As compared with liposomes without polymer cores, PTX/CXB@LPNP sustains the drug release more efficiently. The in vitro cell inhibition efficiency of the drug loaded nanoparticles was evaluated in drug resistant cells (MCF-7/ADR) and nonresistant cells (HeLa). The results demonstrate that dual-drug loaded PTX/CXB@LPNP exhibits a significantly enhanced cell inhibitory effect as compared with mono-drug loaded PTX@LPNP. Consistently, apoptosis assay by flow cytometry indicates that PTX/CXB@LPNP can induce both early apoptosis and late apoptosis more effectively than PTX@LPNP. The enhanced therapeutic efficiency of PTX/CXB@LPNP is attributed to the down-regulation of P-gp expression mediated by CXB, which results in decreased drug-efflux mediated by P-gp. In addition, PTX/CXB@LPNP results in a significant decrease in cytokine IL-10 produced by the drug resistant tumor cells, implying that the drug delivery system is favorable in reversal of the immunosuppressive environment. The lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles have promising applications in synergistic drug delivery to overcome cancer drug resistance.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Qi Zeng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Zhen Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Liu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "New Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "naJc1Jk8": {
        "id": "naJc1Jk8",
        "title": "Dihydrocurcumin ameliorates the lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in oleic acid-induced L02 and HepG2 cells.",
        "abstract": "The present study firstly revealed that DHC ameliorated OA-induced steatosis through regulating the lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in HepG2 and L02 cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "Dihydrocurcumin",
            "Insulin resistance",
            "Lipid metabolism",
            "NAFLD",
            "Oxidative stress"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qingqing Yu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan Hubei 430062, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yayun Liu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan Hubei 430062, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yufei Wu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan Hubei 430062, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan Hubei 430062, PR China. Electronic address: cy101610@qq.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "dhvlBMYK": {
        "id": "dhvlBMYK",
        "title": "Effect of silibinin on CFLAR-JNK pathway in oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells.",
        "abstract": "Silibinin can ameliorate some metabolic alterations and induce some molecular changes by activating the CFLAR-JNK pathway and thereby regulating its downstream target genes involved in lipid metabolism (PPARα, SREBP-1C and PNPLA3), glucose uptake (PI3K-AKT), oxidative stress (NRF2, CYP2E1, CYP4A) and inflammatory response(NO) in OA-treated HepG2 cells demonstrating its possible use in ameliorating various symptoms of NASH.",
        "keywords": [
            "CFLAR",
            "HepG2 cells",
            "NASH",
            "NRF2",
            "Silibinin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yayun Liu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingqing Yu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, PR China. Electronic address: cy101610@qq.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "zNKfgOrj": {
        "id": "zNKfgOrj",
        "title": "Effect of high exposure of chlorogenic acid on lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Objective  To evaluate the effect of high concentration of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in normal and oleic acid (OA) treated HepG2 cells, as well as the underlying mechanism involved in the fat accumulation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) induced by CGA treatment.    Methods  OA (0.5 mmol/L) induced hepatic steatosis was established in HepG2 cells as an  in vitro  model of NAFLD. The normal and OA-treated HepG2 cells were treated by CGA (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mmol/L) for 24 h, then cellular lipid droplets, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glucose uptake were evaluated by Oil Red O staining and cellular biochemical assays, respectively. Signaling pathways involved in adipogenesis including SREBP-1c and PNPLA3, oxidative stress, and IR including CYP2E1 and CYP4A, were investigated by Western blot and RT-qPCR.    Results  CGA (0.5, 1, and 2 mmol/L) treatment increased the cellular lipid droplets and the expression of SREBP-1c and PNPLA3 in the tested cells. Additionally, 2-NBDG uptake was significantly increased, whereas the cellular ROS and protein levels of CYP2E1 and CYP4A were significantly decreased in OA-treated cells.    Conclusion  Our results suggest that high concentrations of CGA ameliorated OA-induced oxidative damage and IR likely by inhibiting the expression of CYP2E1 and CYP4A, and promoted lipid accumulation by inducing the expression of SREBP-1c and PNPLA3 in the tested cells.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yayun Liu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhai",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingqing Yu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Zhu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Hubei Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Herbal Medicines",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "9m8o4eiL": {
        "id": "9m8o4eiL",
        "title": "Silibinin ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating CFLAR-JNK pathway",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic metabolic syndrome and the CFLAR-JNK pathway can reverse the process of NASH. Although silibinin is used for the treatment of NASH in clinical, its effect on CFLAR-JNK pathway in NASH remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of silibinin on CFLAR-JNK pathway in NASH models both  in vivo  and  in vitro . The  in vivo  study was performed using male C57BL/6 mice fed with methionine– choline-deficient diet and simultaneously treated with silibinin for 6 weeks. The  in vitro  study was performed by using mouse NCTC-1469 cells which were respectively pretreated with oleic acid plus palmitic acid, and adenovirus-down  Cflar  for 24 h, then treated with silibinin for 24 h. After the drug treatment, the key indicators involved in CFLAR-JNK pathway including hepatic injury, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress were determined. Silibinin significantly activated CFLAR and inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK, up-regulated the mRNA expression of  Pparα, Fabp5, Cpt1α, Acox, Scd-1, Gpat  and  Mttp , reduced the activities of serum ALT and AST and the contents of hepatic TG, TC and MDA, increased the expression of NRF2 and the activities of CAT, GSH-Px and HO-1, and decreased the activities and expression of CYP2E1 and CYP4A  in vivo . These effects were confirmed by the  in vitro  experiments. Silibinin prevented NASH by regulating CFLAR-JNK pathway, and thereby on one hand promoting the  β -oxidation and efflux of fatty acids in liver to relieve lipid accumulation, and on the other hand inducing antioxidase activity (CAT, GSH-Px and HO-1) and inhibiting pro-oxidase activity (CYP2E1 and CYP4A) to relieve oxidative stress.",
        "keywords": [
            "2-NBDG, 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxyglucose",
            "ALT, alanine aminotransferase",
            "AST, aspartate aminotransferase",
            "Acox, acyl-coenzyme A oxidase X",
            "Akt, serine–threonine protein kinase",
            "CAT, catalase",
            "CFLAR",
            "CFLAR, caspase 8 and Fas-associated protein with death domain-like apoptosis regulator",
            "CYP2E1, cytochrome P450 2E1",
            "CYP4A, cytochrome P450 4A",
            "Cpt1α, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1α",
            "Fabp5, fatty acid-binding proteins 5",
            "GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase",
            "Gpat, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase",
            "HE, hematoxylin–eosin",
            "HO-1, heme oxygenase 1",
            "IR, insulin resistance",
            "IRS1, insulin receptor substrate 1",
            "JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase",
            "Lipid accumulation",
            "MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase",
            "MCD, methionine- and choline-deficient",
            "MCS, methionine- and choline-sufficient",
            "MDA, malondialdehyde",
            "MT, Masson–Trichrome",
            "Mttp, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein",
            "NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease",
            "NASH",
            "NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis",
            "NF-κB, nuclear factor κB",
            "NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2",
            "OA, oleic acid",
            "ORO, oil red O",
            "Oxidation stress",
            "PA, palmitic acid",
            "PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase",
            "Pnpla3, phospholipase domain containing 3",
            "Pparα, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α",
            "SD, Sprague–Dawley",
            "Scd-1, stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1",
            "Silibinin",
            "Srebp-1c, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1C",
            "TC, total cholesterol",
            "TG, triglyceride",
            "pIRS1, phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1",
            "pJNK, phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yayun Liu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Xu",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhai",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaojiao You",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "WpUvF6cb": {
        "id": "WpUvF6cb",
        "title": "Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide in Diabetic Rats",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "rong zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "rui jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fengmei han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "PhviuipQ": {
        "id": "PhviuipQ",
        "title": "The metabolism of glycyrrhetic acid in rat liver microsomes and in vitro metabolic interaction with six CYP450 probe substrates",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qiancheng yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fengmei han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yueqin xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "panpan xing",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "79gD2K3W": {
        "id": "79gD2K3W",
        "title": "Inhibition of Magnolol and Honokiol on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Rat and Human Liver Microsomes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cytochrome p450"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jin duan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "juan xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fengmei han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "S2LvfSTV": {
        "id": "S2LvfSTV",
        "title": "Effect of strychnine hydrochloride on liver cytochrome P450 mRNA expression and monooxygenase activities in rat",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qian gao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junjun wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fengmei han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "0BJlJw6T": {
        "id": "0BJlJw6T",
        "title": "Effect of hypaconitine combined with liquiritin on the expression of calmodulin and connexin43 in rat cardiac muscle in vivo : Effect of hypaconitine on CaM and Cx43",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "mingjing yi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei peng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaomin chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junjun wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "oNuklYjC": {
        "id": "oNuklYjC",
        "title": "Effects of Honokiol on CYP450 Activity and Transporter mRNA Expression in Type 2 Diabetic Rats.",
        "abstract": "This study was aimed to clarify the effect of honokiol (Hon) on the activity of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, and the level of mRNA expression of liver and kidney transporters in type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and strepotozotocin. Rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, diabetic control (DC) group and Hon groups ( = 6). The activities of hepatic CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2C, CYP2B, CYP3A and CYP4A, and the mRNA expression levels of hepatic and renal transporters, were determined. Compared to the NC group, the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP4A and CYP2C in DC group were increased by 2.36-, 2.10-, 2.55- and 1.86-fold, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of hepatic Oat2, Oatp2b1 and Oatp1a5, and renal Oct1, Octn2, Oatp2b1 and Oatp1a5, were significantly down-regulated, while the mRNA expression levels of hepatic Octn2, Oatp3a1, Oatp1a1 and Mdr2, and renal Oat2, Mrp4 and Bcrp, were significantly upregulated. Compared to the DC group, Hon treatment significantly inhibited the activity of hepatic CYP2E1, CYP4A, 3A and CYP1A2 by 45.6%, 29.2%, 22.7% and 20.7% in Hon high dose group, respectively. Moreover, Hon treatment significantly inhibited the mRNA expression levels of renal Bcrp and Mrp4 by 2.63-fold and 1.54-fold, while significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of hepatic Oat2 and Oatp2b1 by 1.52-fold and 1.54-fold in Hon high dose group, respectively. The results suggested that under the diabetes condition, the changes of CYP450 activity and transporter expression inevitably interfere the normal transport, metabolism and efficacy of drugs. The present work firstly reported that Hon treatment ameliorated the abnormal change of hepatic CYP activity (including CYP2E1, CYP4A and CYP1A2) and the transporter mRNA expression (including hepatic Oat2 and Oatp2b1, renal Bcrp and Mrp4) in type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and strepotozotocin, which are associated with the occurrence and development of diabetes.",
        "keywords": [
            "CYP450",
            "honokiol",
            "transporter",
            "type 2 diabetic rats"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junjun Wang",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China. wj-queen@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhai",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China. zhaitingjsw@126.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China. cy101610@hubu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of molecular sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "VPgpwAUb": {
        "id": "VPgpwAUb",
        "title": "Percutaneous injection of intradiscal space with O_2-O_3 mixture to treat cervical disc herniation",
        "abstract": "Objective To evaluate the security and therapeutic effect for the treatment of cervical disc herniation with O_2-O_3 mixture. Methods Thirty-two patients with cervical herniated discs verified by MRI were selected in study, and all patients presented the symptoms of upper limb, cervical and shoulder areas pain. The procedure was guided by DSA and their puncture route was defined as the right common cervical artery and trachea clearance. 1.5-3.0 ml O_2-O_3 mixture gas at (30-50) μg/ml was injected into every herniated disc space and 3-5 ml mixture gas was injected in paraspinal space. Results Thirty-two patients were followed up from 3 to 32 months after treatment. The therapeutic effect showed that 17 cases (53.1%) had excellent recovery, 8 cases (25.0%) had significant relief of symptoms, and 7 cases (21.9%) got failure in treatment. No serious complication occurred. Conclusion The therapeutic method developed by using O_2-O_3 mixture injection in cervical intradiscal space was a safe and effective method for the treatment of the cervical disc herniation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Intervertebral disk displacement",
            "Intervertebral disk chemolysis",
            "Ozone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HE Xiao-feng",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Yan-hao",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Wei",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "PENG Jing",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "SHEN Peng",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZENG Qing-le",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-bo",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Jiang-yun",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XIN Yong-tong",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Han-wei",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XU Xiao-li",
                "org": " *Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Nanfang Medical University, Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Radiology",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "5FD6EsLs": {
        "id": "5FD6EsLs",
        "title": "Hepatic arterio-portal-venous malformation in children: The diagnosis and interventional treatment",
        "abstract": "Objective: To study the diagnosis and interventional treatment of arterio-portal-venous malformation (APVM) in liver. Methods: 2 patients were male and 2 patients were female. The age was 3.5, 4, 12, 13 years old respectively. Clinical manifestations included repeated upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and refractory anemia were misdiagnosed as hepatocirrhosis. After confirmed by hepatic arteriography, APVM were embolized with gelfoam plus spring coils (n = 2) or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles (n = 2) respectively. Results: All patients' hepatic function and alpha-fetoprotein level were normal. CT scan and Doppler ultrasound showed normal or slightly enlarged hepatic volume and no space-occupying lesion with signs of portal hypertension. Arteriography revealed enlarged and numerous branches of hepatic artery with abnormal portal vein visualization and varicose coronary vein. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage was stopped in three children and recurred in another after first embolization. One boy had survived for 24 months up to now, another died of uremia after 13 months and others died 15 days, 3 months after embolization respectively. Conclusion: APVM is a congenital hepatic disease and easily misdiagnosed by pediatrist. Arteriography is the golden standard of diagnosis. Trans-arterial embolization of APVM is the main therapeutic method. Materials of embolization included gelfoam, spring coil and PVA particles, of which the latter is better.",
        "keywords": [
            "Arteriovenous malformations",
            "Diagnostic imaging",
            "Embolization",
            "Hepatic artery",
            "Portal vein",
            "Therapeutic"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "KONG Wei-dong",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital(Nanfang Hospital),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Yan-hao",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital(Nanfang Hospital),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HE Xiao-feng",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital(Nanfang Hospital),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital(Nanfang Hospital),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZENG Qing-le",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital(Nanfang Hospital),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Lü",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital(Nanfang Hospital),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-bo",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital(Nanfang Hospital),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Radiology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "gUMMqSpW": {
        "id": "gUMMqSpW",
        "title": "Effect of dosage of anticancer agents during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization on T cell subsets in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.",
        "abstract": "To investigate the effects of the dosage of anticancer agents during transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on the T cell subsets in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Thirty-six patients with unresectable HCC were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive superselective TACE. Patients in group A (n=18) received low-dose (2-4 mg) mitomycin C (MMC) as the anticancer drug when the tumor was less than 5 cm in diameter; when the tumor ranged from 5 and 8 cm in diameter, 4-6 mg MMC along with 10 mg epirubicin (EPI) was given, and in cases of even larger tumors, 6-8 mg MMC, 10 mg EPI and 100 mg CBP were prescribed. Conventional chemotherapy regimen constituted by 10 mg MMC, 40 mg PI and 300 mg CBP was adopted in group B (n=18). The peripheral blood T cell subsets including CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), NK, CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD45(+), CD4(+)CD29(+), CD8(+)CD28(+) and CD8(+)CD28- were measured by flow cytometry in both groups before and one week after treatment.The T cell subsets were comparable in the 2 groups before the treatment. After TACE, no significant changes occurred in CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), NK, CD4(+)/CD8(+), CD4(+)CD29(+) or CD8(+)CD28- cells in group A, while significant decrease in CD4(+)CD45(+) and increase in CD8(+)CD28(+) cells were observed (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). In group B, CD4(+) and CD4(+)CD29(+) levels, together with CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio, were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), but CD8(+) and CD8(+)CD28- subsets were significantly higher (P<0.05).The cellular immune function of HCC patients is significantly impaired by anticancer drugs for TACE at conventional dose, while low-dose of the drugs may enhance the cellular immune function.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Lu",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. luwei@fimmu.edu.cn"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Hao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Feng He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing-Le Zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu-Rong Qiu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "jwt7S11I": {
        "id": "jwt7S11I",
        "title": "Intravascular administration of pingyangmycin lipiodol emulsion for Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: clinical analysis of 7 cases]",
        "abstract": "To define the arteriographic features of Klippel-Trenaunay sydrome (KTS) and explore the feasibility of the treatment with intravascular administration of pingyangmycin lipiodol emulsion (PLE).Seven patients with KTS underwent arteriography followed by therapy with PLE administration (containing pingyangmycin 8-16 mg and lipiodol 4-6 ml) into the trunk of the arteries of all impaired extremities. The therapeutic effect and postoperative complications were observed.Arteriography revealed abundant small branches of the runoff arteries, showing sinusoid changes of varied sizes in 5 cases by staining of the soft tissue. During the 3 to 30-month follow-up, swelling of the extremities was obviously improved in 5 cases after PLE therapy, which failed to produce obvious effect in 1 case and recurrence was detected in another. The major complications included paresthesia of the limbs, serum transaminase disorder and local skin necrosis.Arteriography can detect the lesions of the arteries and soft tissues in the affected extremity of patients with KTS, intravascular administration of PLE was effective to alleviate the hypertrophy of the limbs.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-dong Kong",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. kongwd@msn.com"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-hao Yi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-feng He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing-le Zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-bo Zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "HmNBllcH": {
        "id": "HmNBllcH",
        "title": "Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: evaluation of two kinds of dosages of anticancer drugs and analysis of prognostic factors.",
        "abstract": "To evaluate the efficacy of TACE (transcatheter arterial chemoembolization) with use of low-dose versus conventional-dose anticancer drugs in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with cirrhosis and to analyze their prognostic factors.Eight-two patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma underwent super-selective TACE. Patients in group A (n = 40) received low-dose anticancer drugs. Patients in group B (n = 42) were given conventional-dose of anticancer drugs. Tumor response and survival time in the two groups were compared. Cox proportion-hazards modeling was used to evaluate the relative importance of prognostic variables.There was no significant difference between the two groups in initial tumor response (P < 0.05). The median survival in all patients was 18 months (mo). The median survival in groups A and B were 20 mo and 16 mo respectively. The cumulative survival rates at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 mo were 68.4%, 57.6%, 38.4%, 26.6%, 19.9% in group A, and 62.6%, 43.8%, 31.9%, 26.5%, 26.5% in group B. There was no significant difference in survival between the two groups (P > 0.05). The factors influencing prognosis were Child-Pugh scores (P < 0.0001), tumor thrombus in the portal vein (P < 0.0001), tumor size (P < 0.0001), method of embolization (P < 0.0001), TACE times (P < 0.001). The dosage of anticancer drugs employed in TACE was not relevant to the survival rates (P = 0.883).TACE with use of large-dose anticancer drugs does not significantly enhance the anticancer effects and survival compared that with lowdose anticancer drugs. The therapeutic effect of TACE was mainly attributed to embolization of the artery rather than to anticancer drugs.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Lu",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University of PLA, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China. dr_lw@163.net/phdwei67@hotmail.com"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanhao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofeng He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hepato-gastroenterology",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "QsS1772c": {
        "id": "QsS1772c",
        "title": "18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in hepatocellular carcinoma on positron emission tomography correlates with alpha-fetoprotein]",
        "abstract": "To investigate whether (18)F-fluorodexyglucose (FDG) uptake in the primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) correlates with serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).Forty-five patients with histologically confirmed HCC underwent whole-body (18)F-FDG PET examination. Standardized uptake value (SUV) and tumor-to-nontumor ratio of the SUV (SUVratio) were calculated, and the relationship between serum AFP and glucose metabolism in HCC was analyzed.Of the 45 cases, the primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes were clearly displayed on PET images in 43 cases and the well-differentiated tumors were shown negative in the other 2 cases. A linear correlation of the AFP with SUV (r=0.426, P<0.05) and SUVratio (r=0.532, P<0.001) was noted.Serum AFP correlates significantly with both SUV and SUN ratio, indicating that AFP is involved in glucose metabolism and cell proliferation in HCC.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jian-biao Shang",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-hao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang-ying Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing-le Zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiang-yun Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-feng He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "CIJFBzGw": {
        "id": "CIJFBzGw",
        "title": "Necessity of prophylactic antibiotics in patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: a prospective study]",
        "abstract": "To investigate the necessity of prophylactic administration of antibiotic in patients with primary liver cancer undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).Sixty patients without preoperative infection were randomized into two groups to receive a single dose of cefazolin (PA group) prior to TACE or no prophylactic antibiotics (NONE group). The incidence of postoperative infection was compared.The incidence of postoperative infection was 3.4% (1/29) in NONE group and 3.2% (1/31) in PA group, without significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Prophylactic antibiotics are not necessary for patients with primary liver cancer prior to TACE.",
        "keywords": [
            "antibiotics",
            "therapeutic",
            "liver neoplasms",
            "chemoembolization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiang-yun Wang",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Therapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-jun Wei",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "AYDnaXyS": {
        "id": "AYDnaXyS",
        "title": "Prophylactic Antibiotic Usage for Vascular Interventional Procedures: A Prospective Investigation",
        "abstract": "OBJECTIVE To investigate in a prospective randomized trial the necessary of prophylactic antibiotic usage for vascular interventional procedures in patients without infection before operation.METHODS Ninety-eight patients(with 115 vascular intervention procedures) without infection before operation were randomizedly divided into two groups.Among them,14 procedures for angiography,22 for transcatheter arterial infusion(TAI) and 79 for transcatheter arterial chemo-embolization(TACE).The patients in group A(55 procedures) received prophylactic antibiotic(one dose of cefazolin 2g iv 30 min before the procedure),while patients in group B(60 procedures) received no prophylactic antibiotics usage.The infection rates in two groups were compared.RESULTS Fever(axillary temperature over 37.5℃) occurred in 35 pationts,16 and 19 cases were in groups A and B,respectively.Elevated WBC count(>10 000/μl) was found in 10 procedures,4 and 6 were in groups A and B.One case was diagnosed as sepsis in both groups respectively.The infection rates were 1.9% in group A,and 1.7% in group B.There were no statistically significant difference in the infection rates between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Prophylactic antibiotics is not necessary for vascular interventional procedure in the condition without pre-procedure infection.",
        "keywords": [
            "Antibiotic prophylaxis",
            "Therapy",
            "Intervention radiology vascular"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Jiang-yun",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Yan-hao",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Neng-ping",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LU Wei",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HE Xiao-feng",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZENG Qing-le",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Jian-bo",
                "org": "Nanfang Hospital,Nanfang Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "a742YGSq": {
        "id": "a742YGSq",
        "title": "A Brief Talk on Hitler's Power Games",
        "abstract": "It's the sixtieth anniversary of the victory of World War II . Concerning this war,scholars in and abroad have made a lot of research on many problems related to it. However, as far as Hitler was concerned, the demon in human history and a bane in Germany people, what power games on earth did he draw on to deceive his people,to manipulate his subordinates and make them even die for him with all their heart and soul? The author believes this brief talk on the issue will contribute not only to the probe of Hitler himself,but also to the explorations of history facts about World War II ,and it can also provide a historic example for us in future.",
        "keywords": [
            "disaster",
            "power games",
            "lessons",
            "Hitler"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Department of History, West China Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Wanxi University",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "J9EpZ2DQ": {
        "id": "J9EpZ2DQ",
        "title": "On Economical News Report in the Angle of View Dislocation Phenomenon",
        "abstract": "The angle of view of economy report is mainly decided by the media function localization and its the audiences localization and the edition policy decision determined by the function localization.The media respectively has the localization and the angle of view should respectively has the difference.However,looking over the current economical news reports,actually we have found there are often phenomena,the improper angles of view \"dislocations\" This article has discussed the reason,the harm produced by the phenomena\"dislocation and the strategy we should have to overcome them.\"",
        "keywords": [
            "harm",
            "reason",
            "the economical news report",
            "the angle of view \"dislocation\" phenomenon"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Journalism and Communication,China West Normal University,Nanchong ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of China West Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "3pfnI0l9": {
        "id": "3pfnI0l9",
        "title": "On the Practicality of Mother-tongue Curriculum in Foreign Countries and Its Inspiration",
        "abstract": "The practicality is the fundamental feature of mother-tongue curriculum.In foreign countries,such practicality mainly lies in that the curriculum is oriented by improving the linguistic ability,and it stresses the importance of the students' linguistic practicality for forming their ability,the compilation of the textbooks highlights the practicality,and the linguistic education pays much attention to the practical activities.The research into the practicality of mother-tongue curriculum in foreign countries contributes to the reflections of and hence the solution to the practical problems of Chinese curriculum.",
        "keywords": [
            "language teaching",
            "practicality",
            "linguistic textbooks",
            "mother-tongue curriculum"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "School of Literature,China West Normal University,Sichuan,Nanchong,,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Neijiang Normal University",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "fZ0xa8U9": {
        "id": "fZ0xa8U9",
        "title": "On the Machanism and Strategy in Experience Teaching of Literary Works",
        "abstract": "The structurally complicated experience teaching of literary works is essentially a process to direct students to shift from living experience to reborn experience.The creation of the reborn experience mainly lies in teachers and students’ subjectivity,their cognition of experienced objects,situations,and their quality.Internal mechanism and mental process have to be considered in working our the teaching strategies that involve supervised reading,inductiveimagination,stimulated emotion,and initiative pondering.",
        "keywords": [
            "literary work",
            "inernal mechanism",
            "strategy",
            "experience teaching"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "College of LiberalArts,China West Normal University,Nanchong ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Ningbo University(Educational Science Edition)",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "vcHvJ7R3": {
        "id": "vcHvJ7R3",
        "title": "Re-probe into the Connotation and mechanism ofLanguage Sense and its Development",
        "abstract": "Originally,language sense refers to \"sensitivity to language\".The accumulation of language experience is the key to the development of language sense,therefore in teaching-learning procedures we should combine students' Chinese practice with teacher' explanation,rational analysis with experience,imparting knowledge with applying knowledge in circumstances,the cultivation of language sense with life experience to help students accumulate language experience and life experience,and develop their language sense.",
        "keywords": [
            "development of language sense",
            "Chinese teaching",
            "language experience"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "College of Liberal Arts,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Elementary Education Edition)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "fAfp6If5": {
        "id": "fAfp6If5",
        "title": "On \"Experience\" Nature of Chinese Curriculum",
        "abstract": "Seen from the essence,Chinese curriculum isn't a pure academic curriculum.According to the basic ideology of experience curriculum,Chinese curriculum is the process that students study speech experience(noun) through speech experience(verb) under the teacher's instruction.By comprehending Chinese curriculum from \"experience\" but not from \"knowledge\",we know: student becomes the subject of Chinese curriculum;the essence of Chinese curriculum is experience;Chinese curriculum is a process with born dynamic state.",
        "keywords": [
            "nature",
            "speech experience",
            "experience curriculum",
            "Chinese curriculum"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "College of Liberal Arts,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Tianjin Normal University(Elementary Education Edition)",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "ISd9Vb8n": {
        "id": "ISd9Vb8n",
        "title": "A Clarified Discussion on Language Instinct",
        "abstract": "Originally,the concept of language instinct refers to \"having a discerning feel for language\".This paper aims to question several representative cognition of the concept of language awareness,pointing out that a clear reference of the concept can discern varied recognition of the term,and language instinct,part of linguistic performance,cannot be the central target of Chinese language curriculum.",
        "keywords": [
            "specific reference",
            "language instinct",
            "root",
            "clarification and verification"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "College of Chinese Language and Literature,China West Normal University,Nanchong ;Institute of Education Science,Southwest University,Chongqing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Ningbo University(Educational Science Edition)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "571QSPtk": {
        "id": "571QSPtk",
        "title": "Economic reasons for German diplomatic policy transformation during the late nineteen century and the early twentieth century",
        "abstract": "United Germany had developed into an industrial country in a modern sense, whatever economic development or social change. As the base of superstructure,the situation urged the transformation of German diplomacy policy.",
        "keywords": [
            "advancement",
            "development",
            "society",
            "policy",
            "industry",
            "transformation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "1.College of History and Culture, China West Normal University, Nanchong , Sichuan"
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Chun-li",
                "org": " 2.College of Politics and Public Affairs, ZHongshan University, Guangzhou , Guangdong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Longdong University(Social Science Edition)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "VgmQnXC7": {
        "id": "VgmQnXC7",
        "title": "Towards the Cause of Disorganization of French Directoire in my Opinion",
        "abstract": "This paper makes a profound research about the cause of disorganization of French Directoire in terms of regime system,finance condition and conquest abroad,and gets an conclusion that the weak and indecisive regime plays the cardinal reason of the breakdown of Directoire.The invalidation of economic policy and deterioration of economic condition are important reasons and lastly foreign aggrandizement and conquest answered for the perdition of Directoire directly.",
        "keywords": [
            "Directoire",
            "foreign aggrandizement and conquest",
            "swing policy",
            "financial dilemma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Department of History,China West Normal University,Nanchong "
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yun-lan",
                "org": "School of Society,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu "
            },
            {
                "name": "CAO Feng-jiao",
                "org": "School of Society,Suzhou University,Suzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Leshan Teachers College",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Uanuarsf": {
        "id": "Uanuarsf",
        "title": "Mechanisms of Solidification and Pulverization of Sodium Silicate Binder",
        "abstract": "The solidification and powder mechanisms of sodium silicate binder were investigated using aluminum chloride as a curing agent.Through the analysis of functional group change and structure change of water glass binder in the dry and humid environment during different time,it was found that the number of Si-O-Al bond is increased as the time increase in dry enviroment,leading to increasing the strength of water glass binder.Whereas the Si-O-Al bond is damaged resulting in the pulverization of water glass binder in the humid environment.",
        "keywords": [
            "sodium silicate pulverization infrared"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HONG Yu-zhen",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Yin-kui",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Jian-bao",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Yi-wen",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science Technology and Engineering",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "p1g1w7yz": {
        "id": "p1g1w7yz",
        "title": "Synthesis of MnO_2 Nanoparticles Using a Liquid Reaction Method under Low-temperatures and Atmospheric Pressures",
        "abstract": "Nano-MnO2 is an important inorganic functional material.The paper developed a new synthesis method of liquid-route using KMnO4 and HCl as raw materials.The reaction could proceed under low temperature and atmospheric pressure.As the nano product structures and sizes can be influenced by reaction temperature,HCl concentration,reactant proportion,and reaction time were discussed and the reaction mechanism was analyzed.It was pointed out that the optimum synthesis scheme for nano δ-MnO2 was HCl concentration 2 mol/L,reactant mol proportion KMnO4 : HCl = 1:8,reaction temperature 60℃,reaction time 60min,and that for nano α-MnO2 was HCl concentration 4 mol/L,reactant mol proportion KMnO4 : HCl = 1:8,reaction temperature 80℃,and reaction time 60min.",
        "keywords": [
            "HCl",
            "MnO2",
            "low temperature",
            "atmospheric pressure",
            "nano-particle"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "MA Yan-ping",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Application Technology of Chemical Materials in Hainan Superior Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU Ying-ming",
                "org": "College of Science,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HONG Yu-zhen",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Application Technology of Chemical Materials in Hainan Superior Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Hao",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Application Technology of Chemical Materials in Hainan Superior Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Application Technology of Chemical Materials in Hainan Superior Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Jiamusi University(Natural Science Edition)",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "i5owiKlq": {
        "id": "i5owiKlq",
        "title": "Preparation of Phosphate-activated Carbon from the Coconut Fibers",
        "abstract": "Based on orthogonal experimental design,activated carbon with high specific surface area,abundant mesopores and favorable adsorbing effects was prepared from coconut fibers through carbonization and activation.The primary influence parameters such as the ratio of activating agent,carbonization temperature,activation temperature,activation time and heating rate on the adsorption behavior of activated carbon were investigated and the optimum preparation conditions were obtained.The activation mechanism is also discussed on the basis of experiments.",
        "keywords": [
            "coconut fiber activated carbon adsorption value specific surface area"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HONG Yu-zhen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Ling",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Run-liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Jian-bao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science Technology and Engineering",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "YKbFOgOU": {
        "id": "YKbFOgOU",
        "title": "PREPARATION OF NANOSTRUCTURE MnO_2 SINGLE CRYSTAL IN VARIOUS ACID SOLUTION",
        "abstract": "Nanostructure MnO_2 single crystal was prepared through redox reactions of potassium permanganate in different inorganic acid(hydrochloric acid,sulfuric acid and nitric acid)and organic acid(acetate).The products were characterized by TEM and XRD.It indicated that the crystal structure and morphology of the synthesized MnO_2 can be tailored by adjusting the pH value in solution and reaction temperature.It was also found that layer foldedδ-MnO_2 microspheres were obtained at low reaction temperature and low hydrochloric acid concentration,whereasα-MnO_2 single-crystal nanorods were fabricated with increased reaction temperature and hydrochloric acid concentration. The possible formation mechanism ofδ-MnO_2 microspheres andα-MnO_2 nanorods is also discussed.",
        "keywords": [
            "redox reaction",
            "MnO_2",
            "nanostructures"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials, Hainan University,Haikou "
            },
            {
                "name": "HONG Yuzhen",
                "org": " Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials, Hainan University,Haikou "
            },
            {
                "name": "MA Yanping",
                "org": " Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials, Hainan University,Haikou "
            },
            {
                "name": "YANG Hao",
                "org": " Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials, Hainan University,Haikou "
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Jianbao",
                "org": " Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Application Technology of Hainan Superior Resources Chemical Materials, Hainan University,Haikou "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Metallurgica Sinica",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ECKeXPlg": {
        "id": "ECKeXPlg",
        "title": "Preparation of Porous Chemical Sand-fixing Brick",
        "abstract": "According to the existed problems of chemical sand-fixing materials,a new sand-fixing materials(porous sand brick) was designed.Sands was main raw-materials and water glass was used as binder.At optimum conditions,the compressive strength of the obtained porous sand brick was arrived at 4 MPa.Influences of the different factor on the sand brick properties are investigated and the reaction mechanism is also discussed.",
        "keywords": [
            "porous chemical sand-fixing brick water glass compressive strength"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WU Yi-wen",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHENG Fu-bin",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "GE Ding-zhuang",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CAO Yang",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Jian-bao",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources,Hainan University,Haikou ,P.R.China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science Technology and Engineering",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "BBNcKTlg": {
        "id": "BBNcKTlg",
        "title": "Quality control of the secretary protein sample and identification of secretary proteins by proteomic data analysis",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "pei gu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shuzhen wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuqin liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "youhe gao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The FASEB Journal",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "4oBtUIDn": {
        "id": "4oBtUIDn",
        "title": "Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy under peritubal local infiltration anesthesia.",
        "abstract": "To evaluate the feasibility and safety of performing minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) under peritubal local infiltration anesthesia.From December 2007 to December 2009, 88 patients with upper urinary calculi underwent MPCNL with ultrasonography (US)-guided renal access in the lateral decubitus flank position under peritubal local infiltration anesthesia. All patients were informed about the possibility of experiencing short periods of discomfort or pain and completed visual analog pain scale (VAS) questionnaires during the intra-operation and at 4, 24, and 48 h postoperatively. Postoperative narcotic usage was recorded at 24 and 48 h postoperatively.Eighty-two patients (93.2%, 82/88) underwent MPCNL under local anesthetic infiltration, 6 patients were converted to general anesthesia (2.2%, 2/88) or epidural anesthesia (4.4%, 4/88) because of serious pain or discomfort. The average VAS scores intra-operation and at 4, 24, and 48 h postoperatively were 3.1, 3.0, 2.4, and 2.1, respectively. Six patients (7.3%, 6/82) and 2 patients (2.4%, 2/82) were administered pethidine (75 mg) at 24 and 48 h postoperatively, respectively. The stone clearance rate was 88.3% (91/103) before discharge with MPCNL mono-therapy. The mean operative time was 89 min (range 56-145 min).MPCNL under peritubal local infiltration anesthesia is well-tolerated and feasible alternative to the same procedure under general or epidural anesthesia.",
        "keywords": [
            "percutaneous nephrolithotomy pain local anesthesia",
            "Percutaneous nephrolithotomy",
            "Pain",
            "Local anesthesia"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Urology, Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, Peoples’ Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhansong Zhou",
                "org": "Urological Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, Peoples’ Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Sun",
                "org": "Department of Urology, Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, Peoples’ Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Urology, Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, Peoples’ Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Wang",
                "org": "Department of Urology, Fuling Central Hospital, Chongqing, Peoples’ Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "World journal of urology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "hk1AdtFZ": {
        "id": "hk1AdtFZ",
        "title": "Electrochemical behavior of horseradish peroxidase on WS2 nanosheet-modified electrode and electrocatalytic investigation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yanyan Niu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ruyi Zou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hamza Abdalla Yones",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobao Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyan Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueliang Niu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hainan University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pan Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Sun",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hainan Normal University; Haikou P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of The Chinese Chemical Society",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "tl2AruzI": {
        "id": "tl2AruzI",
        "title": "Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis of Hemoglobin Based on Graphene Quantum Dots Modified Electrode",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyan Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Xie",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guiling Luo",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyan Niu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobao Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaru Xi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Xiong",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P R, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Sun",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P R, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Current Analytical Chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "l4wYRyJ8": {
        "id": "l4wYRyJ8",
        "title": "Boron Nitride Nanosheet Modified Electrode: Preparation and Application to Direct Electrochemistry of Myoglobin",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ruyi Zou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Haikou 571158 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobao Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Haikou 571158 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guiling Luo",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Haikou 571158 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyan Niu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Haikou 571158 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenju Weng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, QingdaoUniversity of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Sun",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Haikou 571158 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwen Xi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Haikou 571158 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si−Zr-Ti ResourcesHainan University Haikou 570228 P R China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangjiu Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, QingdaoUniversity of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 P R China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electroanalysis",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Bcl004Bj": {
        "id": "Bcl004Bj",
        "title": "Switchable fluorescence behaviors of pyronine Y at different pH values upon complexation with biquinolino-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)",
        "abstract": "An xanthene dye, pyronine Y, was found to exhibit opposite fluorescence behaviors at different pH values in the presence of N,N� -bis(2- aminoethyl)-2,2� -biquinoline-4,4� -dicarboxamide-bridged bis(-cyclodextrin) (2). That is, pyronine Y showed the quenched fluorescence in an acidic (pH 2.0) or a neutral (pH 7.2) environment, while the enhanced fluorescence in a basic environment (pH 12.0), with the addition of 2. Further studies by fluorescence titrations and 2D NMR indicated that different binding modes of positively charged and neutral PY molecules upon complexation with bis(-cyclodextrin) 2 should be responsible for opposite fluorescence behaviors. This result may enable the biquinolino-bridged bis(-cyclodextrin) as an efficient chemical sensor for the protonation and deprotonation of xanthene dyes. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "fluorescence sensing",
            "pyronine y",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "photoinduced electron transfer",
            "spectrophotometric titration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yun Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "tavfGluv": {
        "id": "tavfGluv",
        "title": "The construction of a supramolecular polymeric rotaxane from bipyridine-ruthenium and cyclodextrin.",
        "abstract": "A luminescent supramolecular link is constructed by a very simple method using bipyridine-ruthenium and cyclodextrin, which displays not only a quasi-linear structure, but also a satisfactory fluorescence emission in both solution and the solid state.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shi-Hui Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "t9fCpteE": {
        "id": "t9fCpteE",
        "title": "Polyrotaxane with Cyclodextrins as Stoppers and Its Assembly Behavior",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Xia Zou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Macromolecules",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "agFS3OGn": {
        "id": "agFS3OGn",
        "title": "Construction and efficient radical cation stabilization of cyclodextrin/aniline polypseudorotaxane and its conjugate with carbon nanotubes.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "carbon nanotube",
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "Fuwu9zL6": {
        "id": "Fuwu9zL6",
        "title": "Assembly behavior of inclusion complexes of ?-cyclodextrin with 4-hydroxyazobenzene and 4-aminoazobenzene",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong-Sheng Guo",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "UFgva1hu": {
        "id": "UFgva1hu",
        "title": "Construction and transmembrane dissociation behavior of supramolecular assembly of quinolinocyclodextrin with porphyrin.",
        "abstract": "Through the stoichiometric 2 : 1 coordination of Zn(2+) with 4-amino-N-(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)benzenesulfonamide-modified per-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MQAS-PMCD) and the strong inclusion complexation of permethyl-beta-cyclodextrin cavity with meso-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrin (TSPP), an environment-sensitive Zn(2+)/cyclodextrin/porphyrin triad supramolecular assembly was constructed, and its structure was fully characterized by UV/vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fluorescence spectrometric studies showed that this supramolecular assembly was stable and barely emitted green fluorescence in water due to the energy transfer process, but gave the strong green fluorescence when changing to a hydrophobic environment due to the disruption of the assembly. Further studies on the cell staining experiments by means of fluorescence microscopy showed that this supramolecular assembly was disrupted to release the MQAS-PMCD/Zn(2+) and porphyrin components when interacting with the cell membrane. Subsequently, the released MQAS-PMCD/Zn(2+) complex remained in the cell membrane, while the porphyrin component entered the cells. This transmembrane dissociation property of the supramolecular assembly will enable its application in the delivery of biological and drug molecules containing the anionic porphyrin skeleton such as beta-octaphenyl-meso-tetra(4-carboxyl)-phenylporphyrin and so on.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Miao Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic & biomolecular chemistry",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ee4Vwxds": {
        "id": "ee4Vwxds",
        "title": "Binding behavior of aliphatic oligopeptides by bridged and metallobridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s bearing an oxamido bis(2-benzoic) carboxyl linker",
        "abstract": "beta-Cyclodextrin dimers bearing an oxamido bis(2-benzoic) carboxyl linker (1) or its metal complexes (2 and 3) were newly synthesized, and their inclusion complexation behavior with a series of representative aliphatic oligopeptides, i.e., Leu-Gly, Gly-Leu, Gly-Pro, Glu-Glu, Gly-Gly, Gly-Gly-Gly, and Glu(Cys-Gly), was elucidated by means of UV/vis, circular dichroism, fluorescence, and 2D NMR spectroscopy in Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.4) at 25 degrees C. The results obtained indicated that metallobridged bis(beta-cyclodextrin)s 2 or 3 could significantly enhance the original molecular binding abilities of parent bis(beta-cyclodextrin) 1 toward model substrates through the cooperative binding of two cyclodextrin moieties and the additional chelation effect supplied by the coordinated metal centers. It is interesting that hosts 2 and 3 displayed an entirely different fluorescence behavior upon complexation with guest oligopeptides. Among the guest peptides examined, 3 showed the highest complex formation constant of 68 200 M(-)(1) for Glu-Glu, up to 510-fold as compared with 1 (135 M(-)(1)), while 1 gave excellent molecular selectivity for Glu(Cys-Gly)/Glu-Glu pair, up to 51-fold. The molecular binding ability and selectivity were discussed from the viewpoints of the induced-fit and multiple recognition mechanism between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioconjugate Chemistry",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "Ketzmcxy": {
        "id": "Ketzmcxy",
        "title": "Fluorescence Sensing and Selective Binding of L- and D-Tryptophan-Modified Permethylated β-Cyclodextrins for Aliphatic Oligopeptides",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "fluorescence sensing",
            "host-guest modeling systems",
            "inclusion phenomena",
            "molecular recognition",
            "oligopeptide",
            "synthetic receptors"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shu Kang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen-Feng Ke",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "g9U4ApoT": {
        "id": "g9U4ApoT",
        "title": "Unique Fluorescence Behavior of Rhodamine B upon Inclusion Complexation with Novel Bis(β-cyclodextrin-6-yl) 2,2‘-Bipyridine-4,4‘-dicarboxylate",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuang-Xi Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu-Dong Guan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Takehiko Wada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshihisa Inoue",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Letters",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "np1cTupF": {
        "id": "np1cTupF",
        "title": "Molecular Recognition Studies on Supramolecular Systems. Part 38. Inclusion Complexation of Organic Dyes by Organoselenium Bridged Bis(<b>β</b>-cyclodextrin)s with a Short Linker",
        "abstract": "In order to further explore the inclusion complexation behavior with ß-cyclodextrin dimers, the binding constants (KS) of three organoselenium bridged bis(ß-cyclodextrin)s (2ndash;4) tethered with a short linker were determined with some representative dye molecules in aqueous phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.20) at 25 °C by fluorescence and UV-vis spectrometry. As compared with the parent ß-cyclodextrin (1), the bridged bis(ß-cyclodextrin)s (2ndash;4) can not only significantly enhance the original binding affinity of the parent ß-cyclodextrin by the cooperative binding of one guest molecule in the closely located two ß-cyclodextrin cavities but also remarkably extend its molecular recognition abilities towards the different size/shape or substituent of model substrates. The higher binding ability and selectivity of dye molecules by bridged bis(ß-cyclodextrin)s (2ndash;4) are discussed from the viewpointof the size/shape-fit concept and multiple recognition mechanism.",
        "keywords": [
            "organoselenium",
            "inclusion complexation.",
            "dye molecule",
            "cyclodextrin dimer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry|Nankai University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "ReFpx35r": {
        "id": "ReFpx35r",
        "title": "Synthesis of Bridged and Metallobridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s Containing Fluorescent Oxamidobisbenzoyl Linkers and Their Selective Binding towards Bile Salts",
        "abstract": "A series of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) dimers containing fluorescent 2,2'-oxamidobisbenzoyl and 4,4'-oxamidobisbenzoyl linkers--that is, 6,6'-[2,2'-oxamidobis(benzoylamino)]ethyleneamino-6,6'-deoxy-bis(beta-CD) (2), 6,6'-[2,2'-oxamidobis(benzoylamino)]diethylenediamino-6,6'-deoxy-bis(beta-CD) (3), 6,6'-[4,4'-oxamidobis(benzoylamino)]ethyleneamino-6,6'-deoxy-bis(beta-CD) (4), and 6,6'-[4,4'-oxamidobis(benzoylamino)]diethylenediamino-6,6'-deoxy- bis(beta-CD) (5)--were synthesized from the corresponding oxamidobis(benzoic acid)s through treatment with mono[6-aminoethyleneamino-6-deoxy]-beta-CD or mono[6-diethylenetriamino-6-deoxy]-beta-CD. Further treatment of 2-5 with copper perchlorate gave their Cu(II) complexes 6-9 in satisfactory yields. The conformation and binding behavior of 2-9 towards two bile salt guests--sodium cholate (CA) and sodium deoxycholate (DCA)--was comprehensively investigated by circular dichroism, 2D NMR spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy in Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.2) at 25 degrees C. Thanks to the cooperative host-linker-guest binding mode, the stoichiometric 1:1 complexes formed by bis(beta-CD)s 2-5 with bile salts gave high stability constants (KS values) of up to 10(3)-10(4) M(-1). Significantly, benefiting from the intramolecular 1:2 or 2:4 binding stoichiometry, the resulting complexes of metallobis(beta-CD)s 6-9 with bile salts gave much higher KS values of up to 10(6)-10(7) M(-2). The enhanced binding abilities of bis(beta-CD)s and metallobridged bis(beta-CD)s are discussed from the viewpoints of induced-fit interactions and multiple recognition between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "bile salts · cyclodextrins · fluorescence spectroscopy · molecular recognition",
            "fluorescence spectroscopy",
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong-Mei Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "vahFmLb4": {
        "id": "vahFmLb4",
        "title": "Supramolecular Aggregates Constructed from Gold Nanoparticles and<scp>l</scp>-Try-CD Polypseudorotaxanes as Captors for Fullerenes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen-Feng Ke",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of The American Chemical Society",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "RhNdTc0o": {
        "id": "RhNdTc0o",
        "title": "Construction of a Long Cyclodextrin-Based Bis(molecular tube) from Bis(polypseudorotaxane) and Its Capture of C<sub>60</sub>",
        "abstract": "The preorganized bis(polypseudorotaxane) (20 nm long) formed by the multiple metallo- bridged poly(-cyclodextrin)s has been successfully converted to the lengthened bis(molecular tube) (200 nm long) through the intermolecular joining of10 discrete bis(polypseudorotaxane) units and the subsequent removal of the polymer templates. The obtained bis(molecular tube), which is quite soluble in water, dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide, has been comprehensively characterized by NMR, gel permeation chromatography, static light scattering, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy. Further investigations demonstrate that this bis(molecular tube) can capture C60through interaction with its many-electron-rich biquinolino groups.",
        "keywords": [
            "bispolypseudorotaxane · organic nanotube · fullerene · cyclodextrin · synthesis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Xin Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Shao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acs Nano",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "wFImeJA5": {
        "id": "wFImeJA5",
        "title": "Multi[2]rotaxanes with gold nanoparticles as centers.",
        "abstract": "[structure: see text] The multi[2]rotaxanes with gold nanoparticles as centers are constructed by introducing chromophoric beta-cyclodextrin-based [2]rotaxanes on the surface of gold nanoparticles, which show good photophysical and electrochemical properties superior to the parent rotaxane.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic letters",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Ga1KpaGH": {
        "id": "Ga1KpaGH",
        "title": "Construction and DNA condensation of cyclodextrin-based polypseudorotaxanes with anthryl grafts.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Yang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the American Chemical Society",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "iEUV55Yq": {
        "id": "iEUV55Yq",
        "title": "Thio[2-(benzoylamino)ethylamino]-β-CD fragment modified gold nanoparticles as recycling extractors for [60]fullerene",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Communications",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "GO5eGI8a": {
        "id": "GO5eGI8a",
        "title": "Cooperative Binding and Multiple Recognition by Bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s with Functional Linkers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "Px8ZF1tm": {
        "id": "Px8ZF1tm",
        "title": "Syntheses and Self-Assembly Behaviors of the Azobenzenyl Modified β-Cyclodextrins Isomers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "self assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Xin Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "wqFlKwMO": {
        "id": "wqFlKwMO",
        "title": "Cooperative Multiple Recognition by Novel Calix[4]arene-Tethered β-Cyclodextrin and Calix[4]arene-Bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang-Cheng You",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Heng-Yi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Takehiko Wada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshihisa Inoue",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "KdKGF2pi": {
        "id": "KdKGF2pi",
        "title": "Construction, DNA wrapping and cleavage of a carbon nanotube-polypseudorotaxane conjugate.",
        "abstract": "A supramolecular assembly of carbon nanotubes was constructed by non-covalently wrapping cyclodextrin-based polypseudorotaxanes on single wall carbon nanotubes; the assembly showed good abilities in wrapping and cleaving double-stranded DNA.",
        "keywords": [
            "carbon nanotube"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi-Zeng Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Sen Hou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "r0bTA4pS": {
        "id": "r0bTA4pS",
        "title": "Cyclodextrin-based bioactive supramolecular assemblies.",
        "abstract": "Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a class of cyclic oligosaccharides with six to eight D-glucose units linked by alpha-1,4-glucose bonds, and their capability of forming stable complexes with various organic/inorganic/biological molecules and ions makes them attractive as building blocks for the construction of nano-scale supramolecular systems. This tutorial review deals with representative contributions in the construction and the structural characteristics of CD-based supramolecular assemblies as well as their interactions with biologically important substrates. This review is addressed to students and researchers interested in supramolecular chemistry, biochemistry and nanotechnology.",
        "keywords": [
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Society reviews",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "Mf4b9Mcw": {
        "id": "Mf4b9Mcw",
        "title": "Benzenesulfonamidoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin as a Cell-Impermeable Fluorescent Sensor for Zn<sup>2+</sup>",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Miao Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry-an Asian Journal",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "Pat7yAPK": {
        "id": "Pat7yAPK",
        "title": "Fluorescence Sensing and Binding Behavior of Aminobenzenesulfonamidoquinolino-<i>β</i>-cyclodextrin to Zn<sup>2+</sup>",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Hua Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "eRD43Pd3": {
        "id": "eRD43Pd3",
        "title": "Biquinolino-Modifiedβ-Cyclodextrin Dimers and Their Metal Complexes as Efficient Fluorescent Sensors for the Molecular Recognition of Steroids",
        "abstract": "A series of bridged b-cyclo- dextrin (b-CyD) dimers possessing functional tethers of various lengths was synthesized in moderate yield by the treatment of 2,2'-biquinoline- 4,4'-dicarboxylic dichloride with b-CyD or mono(6-oligo(ethylenediamino)-6- deoxy)-b-CyDs. The products were 2,2'-biquinoline-4,4'-dicarboxy-bridged bis(6-O-b-CyD) (8), N,N'-bis(2-amino- hancement upon addition of optically inert steroids. The inclusion complexa- tion behaviors of 8±13 when treated with the representative steroids cholate (14), deoxycholate (15), and glycocho- late (16) in aqueous solution at 258C were investigated by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy, conductivity and fluores- cence measurements, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and 2D NMR spectrosco- py. The tether length of bis(b-CyD) 9 allows it to adopt a cooperative host± tether±guest binding mode in which the spacer and guest are co-included in the two CyD cavities. As a result of this cooperation, 9 has a stability con- stant (Ks) about 2 î 10 2 times higher than that of monomodified b-CyD 4 for inclusion complexation with cho- late. Metallooligo(b-CyD)s with four b- CyD units have enhanced binding abili- ties compared with monomodified b- CyDs. These metallo compounds have binding affinities for guest steroids that are upto 50±4.1 î 10 3 times higher than those of CyDs 2±4. The guest-induced fluorescence enhancement of bis- (CyD)s opens a new channel for the design of sensor materials. The com- plex stability constants of these com- pounds are discussed from the view- point of induced-fit interaction and co- operative multiple binding between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrins ¥ fluorescent sensors ¥ molecular recognition ¥ steroids ¥ supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Qing Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui-Qin Zhong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry-a European Journal",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "3q9w2STJ": {
        "id": "3q9w2STJ",
        "title": "Molecular binding behaviours of bile salts by bridged and metallobridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s with naphthalenecarboxyl linkers",
        "abstract": "rotating frame nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY) indicated that the naphthyl groups in 1 -3 were shallowly included in the b-cyclodextrin cavities but excluded from the cavities upon inclusion complexation with guest molecules. The fluorescence titration experiments in Tris - HCl buffer solution (pH 7.4) showed that both 1 and its complexes 2 and 3 gave higher binding constants (Ks) than the corresponding values of the native and mono-modified b-cyclodextrins. The significantly enhanced binding abilities of bridged and metallobridged bis(b-cyclodextrin)s were discussed in the viewpoint of cooperative binding and multiple recognition of dimeric host with guest molecule.",
        "keywords": [
            "fluorescence spectroscopy",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "bile salts",
            "molecular recognition",
            "circular dichroism",
            "nuclear overhauser effect"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong-Xia Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Supramolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "gNsssog5": {
        "id": "gNsssog5",
        "title": "Molecular Binding Behavior of Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide-Bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin) with Oligopeptides: Switchable Molecular Binding Mode",
        "abstract": "Bridged bis(beta-cyclodextrin) 1 with a pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide linker was synthesized, and its inclusion complexation behavior with some aliphatic oligopeptides was investigated in aqueous buffer solution of pH 2.0 and 7.2 at 25 degrees C by means of circular dichroism, fluorescence, and 2D NMR techniques. The results show that the resulting inclusion complexes of 1 with oligopeptides adopt a cooperative \"cyclodextrin-guest-cyclodextrin\" sandwich binding mode in a neutral media, but a \"guest-linker-cyclodextrin\" coinclusion binding mode in an acidic media. These switchable binding modes consequently rationalize the binding ability of bis(beta-cyclodextrin) 1 at different pH values; that is, 1 shows the stronger association with oligopeptides in a neutral media. Because of the simultaneous contributions of hydrophobic, hydrogen bond, and electrostatic interactions, bis(beta-cyclodextrin) 1 affords length-selectivity up to 4.7 for the Gly-Gly/Gly-Gly-Gly pair at pH 2.0 and sequence-selectivity up to 4.2 for the Gly-Leu/Leu-Gly pair at pH 7.2. These phenomena are discussed from the viewpoint of the size-fit concept and the multipoint recognitions between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioconjugate Chemistry",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "ODYBGMZL": {
        "id": "ODYBGMZL",
        "title": "Molecular Recognition Studies on Supramolecular Systems. 25. Inclusion Complexation by Organoselenium-Bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s and Their Platinum(IV) Complexes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang-Cheng You",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Takehiko Wada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshihisa Inoue",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 1999
    },
    "ORCUpf7P": {
        "id": "ORCUpf7P",
        "title": "Synthesis of Oligo(ethylenediamino)-<i>β</i>-Cyclodextrin Modified Gold Nanoparticle as a DNA Concentrator",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hao Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Yun Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular Pharmaceutics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "QQfSGmpC": {
        "id": "QQfSGmpC",
        "title": "Functional Cyclodextrin Systems from Spectrophotometric Studies to Photophysical and Photochemical Behaviors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cyclodextrin Materials Photochemistry, Photophysics and Photobiology",
        "year": ""
    },
    "sDT9fLiM": {
        "id": "sDT9fLiM",
        "title": "Synthesis of Novel Benzo-15-Crown-5-Tethered<b>β</b>-Cyclodextrins and Their Enhanced Molecular Binding Abilities by Alkali Metal Cation Coordination",
        "abstract": "Two novel benzo-15-crown-5 tethered β-cyclodextrins 1 and 2 have been synthesized by coupling substituted benzo-15- crown-5 with corresponding β-cyclodextrin derivatives. Their inclusion complexation behavior with representative guests, such as cyclohexanol, cyclohexane carboxylic acid, cyclohexane acetic acid, sodium cyclohexane carboxylate, and po- tassium cyclohexane carboxylate, was investigated in aqueous solution by means of fluorescence spectrometry. As compared with parent β-cyclodextrin, benzo-15-crown-5 tethered β-cyclodextrins1-2 display significantly enhanced molecular bind- ing abilities and selectivities towards model substrates, especially towards substrates containing alkali-metal cations. These results indicate that, bearing two recognition sites in a single molecule, these supramolecular architectures can strongly enhance the molecular binding ability of parent β-cyclodextrin by the cooperative binding of the β-cyclodextrin cavity and the crown ether moiety. Possessing a shorter linker, crown ether-β-cyclodextrin 2 shows much higher binding affinity with guest molecules than crown ether-β-cyclodextrin 1, which may be attributed to the binding size and molecular multiple recognition behavior between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "benzo-15-crown-5",
            "inclusion complexation",
            "cooperative bonding"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shi-Zhao Kang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Hua Diao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Heng-Yi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "6XvgTlBp": {
        "id": "6XvgTlBp",
        "title": "Cooperative Binding and Multiple Recognition by Bridged Bis(<i>β</i>-cyclodextrin)s with Functional Linkers",
        "abstract": "Possessing two ‚-cyclodextrin cavities in close vicinity and a functional linker with good structural variety in a single molecule, bridged bis(‚-cyclodextrin)s can significantly enhance the original binding ability and molecular selectivity of native ‚-cyclodextrin and thus be successfully utilized in drug carriers, solubilizers, catalysis, photochemical materials, etc. This Account describes recent developments in the intramolecular cooperative binding and multiple recognition of bridged bis(‚-cyclodextrin)s with functional linkers in solution, as well as their molecular assembly behaviors through the intermolecular cooperative binding. It also gives a description of unique properties and wide applications of bis(‚- cyclodextrin)s and their assemblies.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Accounts of Chemical Research",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "kuajtdYW": {
        "id": "kuajtdYW",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Cyclodextrin-Based Bioactive Supramolecular Assemblies",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "dOQDiR68": {
        "id": "dOQDiR68",
        "title": "Molecular Recognition Studies on Supramolecular Systems 34. Synthesis of Aromatic Diamino-bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s and their Inclusion Complexation with Dye Molecules",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)",
            "cooperative binding",
            "dye molecule",
            "inclusion complexation",
            "molecular recognition",
            "gibbs free energy",
            "induced fit",
            "circular dichroism",
            "phosphate buffer solution",
            "fluorescence lifetime",
            "stability constant"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Heng-Yi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Supramolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "CV3RWuzN": {
        "id": "CV3RWuzN",
        "title": "A polymeric pseudorotaxane constructed from cucurbituril and aniline, and stabilization of its radical cation.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "rotaxanes",
            "cucurbiturils",
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "self-assembly",
            "inclusion compounds",
            "self assembly",
            "rotaxane"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen-Feng Ke",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "yv2RUaTg": {
        "id": "yv2RUaTg",
        "title": "Molecular Selective Binding of Pyridinium Guest Ions by Water-Soluble Calix[4]arenes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "calixarenes",
            "microcalorimetric titration",
            "pyridinium guest ions",
            "thermodynamics",
            "water soluble"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "En-Cui Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong-Sheng Guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "VlysvLeU": {
        "id": "VlysvLeU",
        "title": "Bundle-Shaped Cyclodextrin−Tb Nano-Supramolecular Assembly Mediated by C<sub>60</sub>:  Intramolecular Energy Transfer",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano Letters",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "XZmBrAO2": {
        "id": "XZmBrAO2",
        "title": "Multidimensional nanoarchitectures based on cyclodextrins.",
        "abstract": "Possessing a hydrophobic cavity that can bind various organic, inorganic or biological molecules, cyclodextrins (CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides with six to eight D-glucose units, are widely used as convenient and versatile building blocks in the construction of multidimensional nanoarchitectures. Through the self-assembly of CDs or their derivatives with or without templates, several kinds of CD-based one-dimensional or multidimensional nanoarchitectures, such as helix, pseudopolyrataxane, polyrotaxane, nanotube, nanowire, dendrimer, network, vesicle, nanoparticle, CD-coated carbon nanotube, and so on, can be successfully constructed via the cooperative binding of CD cavities, substituent groups, and/or template molecules. This article describes some strategies normally used to construct and characterize one-dimensional or multidimensional nanoarchitectures in solution and the solid state from various CDs and templates as building blocks. It also gives a description of the unique material and biological properties and wide applications of multidimensional CD-based nanoarchitectures.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "7ReqOVdR": {
        "id": "7ReqOVdR",
        "title": "Cooperative molecular recognition of dyes by dyad and triad cyclodextrin-crown ether conjugates.",
        "abstract": "Three beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD) derivatives with crown ether units, that is N-(4'-benzo-15-crown-5)-6-imino-6-deoxy-beta-CyD (2), 6,6'-[N-(4,4'-dibenzo-18-crown-6)-imino]-bridged bis(beta-CyD)(3), and 2,2'-[O-(4',5'-benzo-15-crown-5)-ethyl]-bridged bis (beta-CyD)(5), were synthesized as cooperative recognition receptor models. Their molecular binding behavior with four representative fluorescent dyes, i.e., ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), sodium-6-toluidino-2-naphthalene-sulfonate (TNS), Acridine Red (AR) and Rhodamine B (RhB), was investigated in buffer solutions (pH = 7.20) at 25 degreesC by means of circular dichroism, NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. 2D-ROESY experiments showed that dyad host 2 and triad host 3 adopted a CyD-guest-crown ether binding mode, while triad host 5 adopted a CyD-guest-CyD binding mode, upon inclusion complexation with guest molecules. Therefore, hosts 2 and 3 showed high molecular recognition ability towards charged guests, giving an enhanced binding ability up to 115 times for ANS by 3 and fairly high molecular selectivity up to 1450 times for the ANS/AR pair by 2 as compared with native beta-CyD in an aqueous phosphate buffer solution. On the other hand, host 5 was found to be able to effectively recognize the shape of a guest molecule, showing significantly higher binding ability towards linear guests. The binding affinities and molecular recognition abilities of these CyD-crown ether conjugates towards guest molecules are discussed from the viewpoint of electrostatic and/or hydrophobic interactions, size/shape-fit concept, and multiple recognition mechanism between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic & biomolecular chemistry",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "L25ee8eJ": {
        "id": "L25ee8eJ",
        "title": "Cooperative self-assembly and molecular binding behavior of cyclodextrin-crown ether conjugates mediated by alkali metal ions.",
        "abstract": "In order to quantitatively investigate their molecular binding ability, a series of cyclodextrin-crown ether conjugates containing beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD) and crown ether units, i.e.N-(benzoaza-15-crown-5)acylaminomethylene tethered 6-diethylenetriamino-6-deoxy-beta-CyD, N-(benzoaza-15-crown-5)acylaminomethylene tethered 6-triethylenetetraamino-6-deoxy-beta-CyD and 4',5'-dimethylene-benzo-15-crown-5 tethered 6-diethylenetriamino-6-deoxy-beta-CyD, have been prepared as ditopic molecular receptors. Their inclusion complexation behavior with four representative fluorescent dyes, i.e. ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), sodium 6-toluidino-2-naphthalenesulfonate (TNS), acridine red (AR) and rhodamine B (RhB), has been comprehensively investigated in aqueous NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4 or KH2PO4/K2HPO4 buffer solution (pH 7.20) by means of circular dichroism, fluorescence, and 2D NMR spectra. The results indicate that the self-assembly of crown ether modified beta-CyD mediated by potassium ion exhibits a dimeric structure, which significantly enhances the original binding ability and molecular selectivity of parent beta-CyD and its derivatives towards guest molecules through the cooperative binding of two hydrophobic CyD cavities with one guest. This cooperative binding mode of K+/CyD-crown ether systems are further confirmed by Job's experiments and 2D NMR investigations. Attributed to the positive contributions from the metal-ligated crown ether cap and K+-mediated dimerization of CyDs, the binding constant (Ks) values of CyD-crown ether conjugates toward ANS are 10-83 times higher than that of beta-CyD. The increased binding ability and molecular selectivity of CyD-crown ether conjugates are discussed from the viewpoints of size/shape-fit and multiple recognition mechanism.",
        "keywords": [
            "self assembly",
            "alkali metals"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Yu Duan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Rong Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lv Cui",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic & biomolecular chemistry",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "66shd0ux": {
        "id": "66shd0ux",
        "title": "Molecular recognition thermodynamics of pyridine derivatives by sulfonatocalixarenes at different pH values.",
        "abstract": "The complex stability constants (Ka) and thermodynamic parameters (DeltaG degrees, DeltaH degrees, and TDeltaS degrees) for 1:1 complexation of water-soluble calix[4]arene, thiacalix[4]arene, and calix[5]arene sulfonates with pyridine and their methylated derivatives have been determined by means of isothermal titration calorimetry at pH 2.0 and 7.2 at 298.15 K, and their binding modes have been investigated by NMR spectroscopy. The results obtained show that sulfonatocalixarenes afford stronger binding ability toward pyridine guests at pH 2.0, attributable to the positive electrostatic interactions and the more extensive desolvation effects, but present higher molecular selectivity at pH 7.2 owing to the strengthened C-H...pi interactions. The pH-responsible binding ability and molecular selectivity are discussed from the viewpoint of electrostatic, pi-stacking, van der Waals interactions and size-fit relationship between host and guest. A close comparison further demonstrates that the C-H...pi interactions and van der Waals interactions play a more important role than pi...pi interactions in the present inclusion complexation.",
        "keywords": [
            "thermodynamics",
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu-Hong Ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong-Sheng Guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of organic chemistry",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "rBOm96vs": {
        "id": "rBOm96vs",
        "title": "Supramolecular Architectures by Fullerene-Bridged Bis(permethyl-β-cyclodextrin)s with Porphyrins",
        "abstract": "The Hirsch-Bingel reaction of bis{4-methyl[1,2,3]triazolyl}malonic ester-bridged bis(permethyl-beta-cyclodextrin) 1 with C(60) has led to the formation of a new fullerene-bridged bis(permethyl-beta-cyclodextrin) 2, which has been comprehensively characterized by NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-MS, and elemental analysis. Taking advantage of the high affinity between 2 and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (3) or [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphinato]zinc(II) (4), linear supramolecular architectures with a width of about 2 nm and a length ranging from hundreds of nanometers to micron dimension were conveniently constructed and fully investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Significantly, the photoinduced electron-transfer (PET) process between porphyrin and C(60) moieties takes place within the 23 and 24 supramolecular architectures under light irradiation, leading to the highly efficient quenching of the porphyrin fluorescence. The PET process and the charge-separated state were investigated by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence decay, cyclic voltammetry, and nanosecond transient absorption measurements.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrins · electron transfer · fullerenes · molecular as- sembly · photochemistry · porphyri- noids",
            "fullerenes",
            "electron transfer",
            "photochemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "PkOsZGJV": {
        "id": "PkOsZGJV",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Recognition Studies on Supramolecular Systems. Part 33. Cooperative Multipoint Recognition of Organic Dyes by Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s with 2,2′-Bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxy Tethers.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Takehiko Wada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshihisa Inoue",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "40GeNEzz": {
        "id": "40GeNEzz",
        "title": "Linear Polypseudorotaxanes Possessing Many Metal Centers Constructed from Inclusion Complexes of<i>α</i>-,<i>β</i>-, and<i>γ</i>-Cyclodextrins with 4,4‘-Dipyridine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inorganic Chemistry",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "LlvOEoDf": {
        "id": "LlvOEoDf",
        "title": "Cooperative Multipoint Recognition of Organic Dyes by Bis(-cyclodextrin)s with 2,2′-Bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxy Tethers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Takehiko Wada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshihisa Inoue",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry-a European Journal",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "IIQAJdfc": {
        "id": "IIQAJdfc",
        "title": "Cyclodextrin-modified gold nanoparticle aggregate formed by simple host-guest interactions with 1,10-phenanthroline",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "aggregate",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "gold nanoparticle",
            "inclusion complexation",
            "stm"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shi-Hui Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Chemical Research-s",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "Ce3rqpgI": {
        "id": "Ce3rqpgI",
        "title": "Bridged Bis(<i>β</i>-cyclodextrin)s Possessing Coordinated Metal Center(s) and Their Inclusion Complexation Behavior with Model Substrates:  Enhanced Molecular Binding Ability by Multiple Recognition",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Heng-Yi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuang-Xi Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu-Dong Guan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "mC8Gnowb": {
        "id": "mC8Gnowb",
        "title": "Supramolecular Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles Mediated by Polypseudorotaxane with Thiolated?-Cyclodextrin",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "self-assembly",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "polypseudorotaxane",
            "supramolecular structure",
            "nanoparticles"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Macromolecular Rapid Communications",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "2foNJmw7": {
        "id": "2foNJmw7",
        "title": "Interlocked bis(polyrotaxane) of cyclodextrin-porphyrin systems mediated by fullerenes",
        "abstract": "A nanometer-sized cyclodextrin-porphyrin-fullerene aggregate with an interlocked bis-(polyrotaxane) structure is constructed from cyclodextrin-porphyrin conjugate and C 60, exhibiting the significant chiral and electrochemical behaviors due to the presence of numerous porphyrin and fullerene units. © 2005 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Liang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Yu Zheng",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai Yue",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Macromolecules",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "4b8zGBjN": {
        "id": "4b8zGBjN",
        "title": "Cyclodextrins as carriers for cinchona alkaloids: a pH-responsive selective binding system.",
        "abstract": "A series of cyclodextrin-cinchona alkaloid inclusion complexes were prepared from beta-cyclodextrin, heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin and four cinchona alkaloids in ca. 90% yields, and their inclusion complexation behavior was investigated at pH 7.2 and 1.5 by means of fluorescence, UV/Vis and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the cinchona alkaloids can be efficiently encapsulated in the cyclodextrin cavity in an acidic environment and sufficiently released in a neutral environment, which makes these cyclodextrin derivatives the potential carriers for cinchona alkaloids. The binding ability and molecular selectivity of cyclodextrins toward cinchona alkaloids were discussed from the viewpoint of the size-fit concept and multiple recognition mechanism between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "nmr spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic & biomolecular chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "BDdk4T84": {
        "id": "BDdk4T84",
        "title": "Supramolecular Assembly of Cyclodextrins and Its Interactions with Nucleic Acid",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "9Gsfv6Ko": {
        "id": "9Gsfv6Ko",
        "title": "Construction, Enzyme Response and Substrate Capacity of Hyaluronan‐Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Assembly",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "ping hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingjing li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry-an Asian Journal",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "RcVJQSBr": {
        "id": "RcVJQSBr",
        "title": "Molecular Selective Binding and Nanofabrication of Cucurbituril/Cyclodextrin Pairs",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanofabrication",
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "cucurbiturils"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yingming zhang",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Israel Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "TywfbLNt": {
        "id": "TywfbLNt",
        "title": "Supramolecular Assemblies with Near-Infrared Emission Two-Stage Mediated by Cucurbituril and Amphiphilic Calixarene for Lysosome-Targeted Cell Imaging.",
        "abstract": "Organelle-targeted cell imaging still remains a key challenge in supramolecular chemistry in recent years. Herein, we report a two-stage mediated near-infrared (NIR) emissive supramolecular assembly for lysosome-targeted cell imaging. In this system, 4,4'-anthracene-9,10-diylbis(ethene-2,1-diyl))bis(1-ethylpyridin-1-ium) bromide (ENDT) has been synthesized as an organic dye with weak fluorescence emission at 625nm. When ENDT complexes with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), this binary supramolecular complex assembles into nanorods and achieve a near-infrared fluorescence emission (655 nm) and fluorescence enhancement as the first stage. Additionally, such supramolecular complex interacts with lower-rim dodecyl-modified sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4AD) to form nanoparticles for further fluorescence enhancement as the second stage. Therefore, the emission of ENDT dye has achieved a near-infrared emission and enhancement by two-stage mediation of cucurbituril and amphiphilic calixarene. Furthermore, due to co-staining experiment with LysoTracker Blue, such nanoparticles can be proved to apply in NIR lysosome-targeted cell imaging.",
        "keywords": [
            "Amphiphilic Calixarene",
            "Lysosome-Targeted Cell Imaging",
            "Near-Infrared Supramolecular Assemblies",
            "cucurbituril"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu-Man Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University, Department of Chemistry, Weijin Road 94, 300071, Tianjin, CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qilin Yu",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo-Han Gu",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "CHINA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "g6kImIbM": {
        "id": "g6kImIbM",
        "title": "Multistimuli Responsive and Photo-controlled Supramolecular Luminescent Gels Constructed by Anthracene-Bridged Bis(dibenzo-24-crown-8) with Secondary Ammonium Salt Polymer.",
        "abstract": "A novel multistimuli-responsive and photo-controlled supramolecular luminescent gel is fabricated from anthracene-bridged bis(dibenzo-24-crown-8) (1) and secondary ammonium salt-functionalized graft polymer (3). X-ray crystallographic analysis reveals that the dibenzo-24-crown-8 (DB24C8) ring is located at the opposite site of 1, which will greatly hinder the mutual intermolecular π-π stacking between anthracene groups. By taking advantage of the controllable binding of 1 with 3, the unique gel-sol transition could occur under different temperature, pH and competitive guest binding. Benefiting from the photo-oxygenation of anthracene, the luminescence behavior of the supramolecular gel could be switched off and on under UV light (365 nm) and heating treatment, which provides a new approach for constructing photo-controlled supramolecular luminescent gel.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hong-Guang Fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "shsKrlJv": {
        "id": "shsKrlJv",
        "title": "Polysaccharide-gold nanocluster supramolecular conjugates as a versatile platform for the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.",
        "abstract": "Through the high affinity of the β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) cavity for adamantane moieties, novel polysaccharide-gold nanocluster supramolecular conjugates (HACD-AuNPs) were successfully constructed from gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) bearing adamantane moieties and cyclodextrin-grafted hyaluronic acid (HACD). Due to their porous structure, the supramolecular conjugates could serve as a versatile and biocompatible platform for the loading and delivery of various anticancer drugs, such as doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), paclitaxel (PTX), camptothecin (CPT), irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11), and topotecan hydrochloride (TPT), by taking advantage of the controlled association/dissociation of drug molecules from the cavities formed by the HACD skeletons and AuNPs cores as well as by harnessing the efficient targeting of cancer cells by hyaluronic acid. Significantly, the release of anticancer drugs from the drug@HACD-AuNPs system was pH-responsive, with more efficient release occurring under a mildly acidic environment, such as that in a cancer cell. Taking the anticancer drug DOX as an example, cell viability experiments revealed that the DOX@HACD-AuNPs system exhibited similar tumor cell inhibition abilities but lower toxicity than free DOX due to the hyaluronic acid reporter-mediated endocytosis. Therefore, the HACD-AuNPs supramolecular conjugates may possess great potential for the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.",
        "keywords": [
            "gold",
            "polysaccharides",
            "drug carriers"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yue Su",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia-Tong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "0LraOS3s": {
        "id": "0LraOS3s",
        "title": "Hyaluronan/Ru(II)-cyclodextrin supramolecular assemblies for colorimetric sensor of hyaluronidase activity",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ping hu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "YCiFAZSC": {
        "id": "YCiFAZSC",
        "title": "Inside Cover: Construction and DNA Condensation of Cyclodextrin‐Coated Gold Nanoparticles with Anthryl Grafts (Chem. Asian J. 7/2014)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "gene technology",
            "cytotoxicity",
            "dna"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "di zhao",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry-an Asian Journal",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "q4nZ9pyR": {
        "id": "q4nZ9pyR",
        "title": "Efficient Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Solid-State Supramolecule Enhanced by Cucurbit[6]uril.",
        "abstract": "Efficient emission of purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is of great significant for potential application in optoelectronics and photobiology. Herein, we report an uncommon phosphorescent effect of organic single molecule enhanced by resulting supramolecular assembly of host-guest complexation. The chromophore bromophenyl-methyl-pyridinium (PY) with different counterions as guests display various phosphorescence quantum yields from 0.4% to 24.1%. Single crystal X-ray diffraction results indicate that the chromophore with iodide counterion (PYI) exhibits the highest efficiency maybe due to the halogen-bond interactions. Significantly, the nanosupramolecular assembly of PY chloride complexation with the cucurbit[6]uril gives a greatly enhanced phosphorescent quantum yield up to 81.2% in ambient. Such great enhancement is because of the strict encapsulation of cucurbit[6]uril which prevents the nonradiative relaxation and promotes intersystem crossing (ISC). This supramolecular assembly concept with counterions effect provides a novel approach for the improvement of RTP.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cucurbit[6]uril",
            "Supramolecular chemistry",
            "counterion effect",
            "high phosphorescent efficiency",
            "host-guest complex"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Yuan Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University, Department of Chemistry, Weijin Road 94, 300071, Tianjin, CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "CHINA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "1wwKP7Oy": {
        "id": "1wwKP7Oy",
        "title": "Synthesis and Structural Elucidation of N,N'-Ditosyl-1,11-diaza-4,8,14,18-tetraselena-cycloicosane and its Copper and Platinum Complexes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "crown ether",
            "crystal structure",
            "synthesis",
            "transition metal complex",
            "mass spectroscopy",
            "copper",
            "structure elucidation",
            "metal ion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Rong Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ao Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Yu Duan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Heng-Yi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Supramolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "m98FIpD4": {
        "id": "m98FIpD4",
        "title": "Molecular binding behavior of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin) with oligopeptides : switchable molecular binding mode",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "hydrogen bond",
            "circular dichroism"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "fei ding",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guo song chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanli zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioconjugate Chemistry",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "3lVfRO5M": {
        "id": "3lVfRO5M",
        "title": "Polysaccharide–porphyrin–fullerene supramolecular conjugates as photo-driven DNA cleavage reagents",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "di zhao",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Communications",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "TSYmUTlf": {
        "id": "TSYmUTlf",
        "title": "Supramolecular Assemblies with Near‐Infrared Emission Mediated in Two Stages by Cucurbituril and Amphiphilic Calixarene for Lysosome‐Targeted Cell Imaging",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu‐Man Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qilin Yu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo‐Han Gu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "8rPABnPV": {
        "id": "8rPABnPV",
        "title": "Inclusion Complexation Behaviors of 3-Tigloyl-Azadirachtol with β-Cyclodextrin Derivatives",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Current Pharmaceutical Analysis",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "tLVRPIjr": {
        "id": "tLVRPIjr",
        "title": "Cyclodextrin-based switchable DNA condenser",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ping hu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Communications",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "O2U3DJkO": {
        "id": "O2U3DJkO",
        "title": "In Situ Photoconversion of Multicolor Luminescence and Pure White Light Emission Based on Carbon Dot-Supported Supramolecular Assembly.",
        "abstract": "Constructing multicolor photoluminescence materials that allow for the integration of suitable external stimuli in order to control luminescence color conversions is a challenging objective. Multicolor luminescent output that is regulated in an in situ photo-controlled manner is not a common phenomenon. Herein, a two-stage assembled photoluminescence supramolecular assembly is described, that displays in situ phototuning broad-spectrum output. Benefiting from the reversible photo-switched constitutional interconversion of diarylethenes, the fluorescence of a guest molecule, styrylpyridinium-modified diarylethene, can be switched on/off by alternating ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. Upon complexing with a host，cucurbit[8]uril, the fluorescence intensity of the resulting binary supramolecular nanofiber shows a drastic enhancement when compared with that of the free guest, which can also be quenched and recovered reversibly by light irradiation. Significantly, such cationic supramolecular nanofibers also interact with anionic carbon dots to form broad-spectrum output ternary supramolecular assemblies, the fluorescence of which can be changed efficiently from yellow to blue in an in situ photo-controlled manner. Pure white light emission can be realized expediently in the luminescence color conversion process. The use of light as an external stimulus to regulate fluorescent color conversion provides us with an opportunity to design and construct more advanced anti-counterfeiting materials as well as visual display instruments.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huang Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianyin Dai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peiyu Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "J Fraser Stoddart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the American Chemical Society",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "QsDyIaxk": {
        "id": "QsDyIaxk",
        "title": "Bundle-shaped cyclodextrin-Tb nano-supramolecular assembly mediated by C60 : intramolecular energy transfer",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "energy transfer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "guo song chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jing chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ning zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanli zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano Letters",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "o0nItus4": {
        "id": "o0nItus4",
        "title": "Photocontrolled Reversible Conversion of Nanotube and Nanoparticle Mediated by β‐Cyclodextrin Dimers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "self assembly",
            "photochemistry",
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "conversion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "helue sun",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jin zhao",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "5MC2yzQS": {
        "id": "5MC2yzQS",
        "title": "Assembly behavior of inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin with 4-hydroxyazobenzene and 4-aminoazobenzene",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yanli zhao",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "dongsheng guo",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "D6oIGBDC": {
        "id": "D6oIGBDC",
        "title": "Chiral Binaphthylbis(4,4'-Bipyridin-1-Ium)/Cucurbit[8]Uril Supramolecular System and Its Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence.",
        "abstract": "Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) induced by host-guest complexation remains a challenge in supramolecular chemistry. Herein, a couple of CPL-silent enantiomeric guest binaphthylbis(4,4'-bipyridinium) salts can emit obvious CPL in the presence of cucurbit[8]uril in aqueous media, due to the restriction of molecular rotation limitation effect. Such CPL can be reversibly adjusted by the addition of acid and base. Furthermore, the resultant supramolecular systems can interact with DNA, accompanied by the morphological conversion from branched supramolecular nanowires to exfoliated nanowires, which can enable to the exploration of such supramolecular systems as DNA markers by CPL signals.",
        "keywords": [
            "DNA markers",
            "circularly polarized luminescence",
            "cucurbit[8]uril",
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu-Man Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Liang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiu-Jun Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Macromolecular rapid communications",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "oIMziyeZ": {
        "id": "oIMziyeZ",
        "title": "Enhanced DNA Binding and Photocleavage Abilities of β-Cyclodextrin Appended Ru(II) Complex through Supramolecular Strategy.",
        "abstract": "Photosensitizers with high photocleavage ability are urgent needed to improve photodynamic therapy efficacy. Herein, a supramolecular complex was constructed through host-guest self-assembly using hexa-β-CD-appended ruthenium polypyridyl (6CD-Ru) and adamantane-modified anthracene (ADA-AN) in water. The targeted DNA-intercalation of peripheral anthracenes can remarkably enhance photocleavage ability of the complex irradiated with visible light.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ni Cheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Jing Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioconjugate chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Kbl4GEai": {
        "id": "Kbl4GEai",
        "title": "Molecular binding thermodynamics of spherical guests by β -cyclodextrins bearing aromatic substituents",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "nan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yingming zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lihua wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenzhao mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Thermochimica Acta",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "sZjnVQRw": {
        "id": "sZjnVQRw",
        "title": "Recycling gene carrier with high efficiency and low toxicity mediated by L-cystine-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "bioinformatics",
            "biomedical research"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuhui zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yang yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiatong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific Reports",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "QXmirQIT": {
        "id": "QXmirQIT",
        "title": "Phenanthroline bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s/adamantane-carboxylic acid supramolecular complex as an efficient fluorescence sensor to Zn2+",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yingming zhang",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yang yang",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "RE80pwBx": {
        "id": "RE80pwBx",
        "title": "Cover Picture: Non‐covalently Functionalized Fluorescent Carbon Nanotubes: A Supramolecular Approach of Selective Zinc Ions Sensing in Living Cells (Chin. J. Chem. 9/2012)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "asymmetric synthesis",
            "pheromones"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "miao yu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "ning zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "yeeHmbvI": {
        "id": "yeeHmbvI",
        "title": "Construction of Cyclodextrin/Aminoclay-Based Supramolecular Hydrogel and Its I3-/I2 Adsorption Property",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Niu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "tDtuweEX": {
        "id": "tDtuweEX",
        "title": "Calixarene/pillararene-based supramolecular selective binding and molecular assembly",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peiyu Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Chemical Letters",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "0WLeuE1f": {
        "id": "0WLeuE1f",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Multidimensional Nanoarchitectures Based on Cyclodextrins",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanotechnology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yingming zhang",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "nECM3mTN": {
        "id": "nECM3mTN",
        "title": "Fluorescence Sensing and Binding Behavior of Aminobenzenesulfonamidoquinolino- β -cyclodextrin to Zn 2+",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ning zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lihua wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "2sR4d7e8": {
        "id": "2sR4d7e8",
        "title": "Photo-induced secondary assembly of bis(terpyridyl)dibenzo-24-crown-8/Zn 2+ supramolecular polymer",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "supramolecular polymer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chao xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hengyi zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "GQ4VSdse": {
        "id": "GQ4VSdse",
        "title": "A dual targeting cyclodextrin/gold nanoparticle conjugate as a scaffold for solubilization and delivery of paclitaxel",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "nan li",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yang yang",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Hxu5fbLw": {
        "id": "Hxu5fbLw",
        "title": "Cooperative Binding and Multiple Recognition by Bridged Bis(‚-cyclodextrin)s with",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "HOvpoQpb": {
        "id": "HOvpoQpb",
        "title": "Chapter 10 - Functional Cyclodextrin Systems from Spectrophotometric Studies to Photophysical and Photochemical Behaviors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guosong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "YqeE0wPB": {
        "id": "YqeE0wPB",
        "title": "Convenient and highly effective fluorescence sensing for Hg 2+ in aqueous solution and thin film",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "metal ion",
            "thin film",
            "sensor",
            "fluorescence",
            "complex",
            "aqueous solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "miao yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ning zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "QEiEBdWu": {
        "id": "QEiEBdWu",
        "title": "Construction and Functions of Cyclodextrin‐Based 1D Supramolecular Strands and their Secondary Assemblies",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "supramolecular assembly",
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Dw5Hi4Jg": {
        "id": "Dw5Hi4Jg",
        "title": "A Dynamic Tetracationic Macrocycle Exhibiting Photoswitchable Molecular Encapsulation.",
        "abstract": "Designing macrocycles with appropriate molecular recognition features that allow for the integration of suitable external stimuli to control host-guest processes is a challenging endeavor which enables molecular containers to solubilize, stabilize and separate chemical entities in an externally controlled manner. Herein, we introduce photo- and thermal-responsive elements into a semi-rigid tetracationic cyclophane, OPVEx2Box4+, that is composed of oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) pyridinium units and the biphenylene-bridged 4,4-bipyridinium extended viologens, and adopts a rectangle-like geometry. It transpires that the reversibility of the photoactive oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) pyridinium unit is dramatically improved when incorporated in a macrocyclic scaffold, and the configurations of the cyclophane can go back and forth between (EE)- and (EZ)-isomers upon alternating blue light irradiation and heat. When the macrocycle is found in its (EE)-configuration, it is capable of binding various π-electron-rich guestse.g., anthracene and peryleneas well as π-electron-deficient guestse.g., 9,10-anthraquinone and 5,12-tetracenequinonethrough charge transfer and van der Waals interactions. When irradiated with blue light, the (EE)-isomer of the cyclophane can be transformed successfully to the (EZ)-isomer, resulting in the switching off of the binding affinity for guest molecules, which are bound once again upon heating. The use of light and heat as external stimuli to control host-guest interaction involving a multi-responsive host and various guests provides us with a new opportunity to design and construct more advanced molecular switches and machines.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huang Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Long Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ommid Anamimoghadam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dengke Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhichang Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kang Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cristian Pezzato",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Charlotte L Stern",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "J Fraser Stoddart",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the American Chemical Society",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mJb3viic": {
        "id": "mJb3viic",
        "title": "Construction and Luminescent Behavior of Supramolecular Hydrogel with White-Light Emission",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Jing Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Chimica Sinica",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "H1yH4A9Y": {
        "id": "H1yH4A9Y",
        "title": "Spatially controllable DNA condensation by a water-soluble supramolecular hybrid of single-walled carbon nanotubes and ß-cyclodextrin-tethered ruthenium complexes",
        "abstract": "A supramolecular hybrid is prepared by the supramolecular surface modification of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) with cationic ß-cyclodextrin-tethered ruthenium complexes through a spacer molecule that contains both an adamantane and a pyrene moiety. By employing the supramolecular hybrid, spatially con-trollable DNA condensation along the SWCNT skeleton is achieved by anchoring cationic ruthenium complexes on the surface. Furthermore, because of the unique physiological properties of SWCNTs, the cationic supramolecular hybrid can be used as a nonviral gene delivery system with the ruthenium complexes as a fluorescent probe to monitor uptake of DNA by cells. © 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cyclodextrins",
            "DNA",
            "Nanotubes",
            "Ruthenium",
            "Single-walled carbon nanotubes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Miao Yu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sheng-Zhen Zu",
                "org": "National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing(National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Ping Liiu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bao-Hang Han",
                "org": "National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing(National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "MAqybVe8": {
        "id": "MAqybVe8",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Selective Binding and Nano‐Fabrication of Cucurbituril/Cyclodextrin Pairs",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yingming zhang",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "DZt5fQxd": {
        "id": "DZt5fQxd",
        "title": "Quinolinotriazole-beta-cyclodextrin and its adamantanecarboxylic acid complex as efficient water-soluble fluorescent Cd(2+) sensors.",
        "abstract": "A novel beta-cyclodextrin derivative 1 bearing 8-hydroxyquinolino and triazole groups was synthesized in satisfactory yield by 'click chemistry'. With a good water solubility up to 0.03 mol/L, 1 exhibited an effective switch-on fluorescence response to Cd(2+) over other common metal ions under physiological conditions. Studies on the recognition mechanism indicated that the cooperative coordination of Cd(2+) with both the 8-hydroxyquinolino moiety excluded from the beta-CD cavity and the triazole moiety was a crucial and basic factor to achieve the fluorescent sensing process. Significantly, spectrophotometric studies also demonstrated that, after inclusion complexation with 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid sodium salt (AdCA), the resultant 1/AdCA system gave a more effective fluorescent sensing to Cd(2+) through a cyclodextrin/substrate/Cd(2+) triple binding mode.",
        "keywords": [
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "water soluble",
            "cadmium",
            "metal ion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Qiang Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "GHXE96Xv": {
        "id": "GHXE96Xv",
        "title": "Naphthylthiourea-modified permethylcyclodextrin as a highly sensitive and selective &quot;turn-on&quot; fluorescent chemosensor for Hg2+ in water and living cells.",
        "abstract": "A naphthylthiourea-modified cyclodextrin (1) and its urea derivative (2) were synthesized, and their fluorescence behaviors in the presence of various metal ions were investigated. Significantly, 1 showed a highly sensitive and selective fluorescence sensing ability for Hg(2+) over other metal ions in both water and living cells. That is, the addition of Hg(2+) to an aqueous solution of 1 gave a significantly enhanced fluorescence at ~380 nm. In contrast, the addition of other metal ions induced negligible fluorescence changes. The possible mechanism may be due to the transformation of thiourea to urea by Hg(2+)-induced desulfurization in water.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhan-Hu Sun",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bao-E Song",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "REcjuByW": {
        "id": "REcjuByW",
        "title": "Sulfonato-β-Cyclodextrin Mediated Supramolecular Nanoparticle for Controlled Release of Berberine.",
        "abstract": "A kind of supramolecular assemblies was constructed from two water-soluble and biocompatible saccharides, sulfonato--cyclodextrin (SCD) and chitosan, and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that such nanoparticles presented good stability and controlled loading/release property, which enabled them as good drug carrier for berberine chloride (BE), a representative drug from traditional Chinese herbs. That is, the nanoparticles can load BE with high stability in low pH environment like that of stomach but released BE　when moved to high pH environment like that of intestine.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu-Man Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Fang Hou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo-Han Gu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "5WBKcyYA": {
        "id": "5WBKcyYA",
        "title": "Photo-induced switchable binding behavior of bridged bis(β- cyclodextrin) with an azobenzene dicarboxylate linker",
        "abstract": "A bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin) (1) with an azobenzene dicarboxylate linker was synthesized, and its binding behavior with a fluorescent dye, acridine red (AR), was investigated by means of fluorescence spectroscopy. Due to the photo-induced conversion of the azobenzene dicarboxylate linker from the trans-conformer to the cis-conformer, 1 exhibits a different binding behavior before and after UV light irradiation, giving a stronger binding ability towards AR in the cis form. This switchable binding behavior of 1 may open a new channel to the design of azobenzenelinked dimeric receptors as photo-induced molecular devices. © 2006 Springer.",
        "keywords": [
            "azobenzene",
            "bridged bis(cyclodextrin)",
            "photoisomerization",
            "switchable binding behavior",
            "fluorescence spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shu Kang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jurriaan Huskens",
                "org": "MESA Institute for Nanotechnology(University of Twente),Enschede,Netherlands"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "JLeQPNLI": {
        "id": "JLeQPNLI",
        "title": "A Luminescent β-cyclodextrin-based ru(phen)3 complex as dna ompactor, enzyme inhibitor, and translocation tracer",
        "abstract": "A β-cyclodextrin-based Ru(phen)3complex (1) has been synthesized and exhibits good luminescent behavior. Atomic force microscopic and scanning electron microscopic studies show that 1 can induce the aggregation of originally circular DNA to toroidal or spherical shapes. The morphology of these DNA aggregates changes following a pathway of naked circular DNA?toroid with gaps?solid toroid?spherical aggregate, depending on the different 1/DNA (w/w) ratios, and their average diameters vary from the nanometer to micrometer scale. Owing to its capability of inducing the aggregation of DNA, 1 can be used as an inhibitor for DNA topoisomerase and DNA cleavage enzymes. Further studies by means of fluorescence microscopy indicate that 1 can also efficiently trace the translocation of DNA into 293T cells (the human embryonic kidney cell line). These observations consequently establish 1 as not only a potential DNA carrier but also a fluorescent DNA probe. © 2007 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "AFM",
            "Cyclodextrin",
            "DNA",
            "Eenzyme inhibitor",
            "Ffluorescence probe",
            "Translocation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tracer Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Yu Duan",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XiZeng Feng.",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sen Hou",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Wang",
                "org": "National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing(National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Wang",
                "org": "National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing(National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS Nano",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "O8ERZugJ": {
        "id": "O8ERZugJ",
        "title": "Synthesis of oligo(ethylenediamino)-β-cyclodextrin modified gold nanoparticle as a DNA concentrator",
        "abstract": "A novel oligo(ethylenediamino)-β-cyclodextrin-modified gold nanoparticle (OEA-CD-NP) was synthesized as a vector for DNA binding and comprehensively investigated by means of absorption and circular dichroism spectroscopies as well as transmission electron microscopy, and its plasmid transfection efficiency as a carrier into cultivated cells in vitro was also evaluated. Possessing many hydrophobic cavities at the outer space, OEA-CD-NP may have a capability of carrying biological and/or medicinal substrates into cells, which will make it potentially applicable in many fields of material science and biological technology. In contrast with OEA-CD-NP, the oligo(ethylenediamino)-lipoic amido-modified gold nanoparticle (OEA-L-NP) without CD was synthesized to investigate the interaction with DNA. The results showed that OEA-L-NPs could only weakly bind DNA. © 2007 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "cytotoxicity",
            "dna",
            "gene transfection",
            "nanoparticles"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hao Wang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XiaoYun Li",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular Pharmaceutics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "wuKuacYj": {
        "id": "wuKuacYj",
        "title": "Benzenesulfonamidoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin as a cell-impermeable fluorescent sensor for Zn2+",
        "abstract": "A water-soluble benzenesulfonamidoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin has been successfully synthesized in 30% yield by incorporating a N-(8-quinolyl)- p-aminobenzenesulfonamide (HQAS) group to β-cyclodextrin through a flexible linker. This compound exhibits a good fluorescence response in the presence of Zn2+ in water but gives poor fluorescence responses with other metal ions commonly present in a physiological environment under similar conditions. Fluorescence microscopic and two-dimensional NMR experiments showed that benzenesulfonamidoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin could bind to the loose bilayer membranes. As a result, benzenesulfonamidoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin was found to act as an efficient cell-impermeable Zn2+ probe, showing a specific fluorescent sensing ability to Zn2+-containing damaged cells whilst exhibiting no response in the presence of healthy cells. © 2009 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell",
            "cyclodextrins",
            "fluorescent probes",
            "nmr spectroscopy",
            "zinc"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Miao Yu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry - An Asian Journal",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "AZDBHChv": {
        "id": "AZDBHChv",
        "title": "Bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s possessing coordinated metal center(s) and their inclusion complexation behavior with model substrates: Enhanced molecular binding ability by multiple recognition",
        "abstract": "To investigate quantitatively the cooperative binding ability of several beta-cyclodextrin oligomers bearing single or multiligated metal center(s), the inclusion complexation behavior of four bis(beta-cyclodextrin)s (2-5) linked by 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxy tethers and their copper(II) complexes (6-9) with representative dye guests, i.e., methyl orange (MO), acridine red (AR), rhodamine B (RhB), ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS), and sodium 6-(p-toludino)-2-naphthalenesulfonate (TNS), have been examined in aqueous solution at 25 degrees C by means of UV-vis, circular dichroism, fluorescence, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The results obtained indicate that bis(beta-cyclodextrin)s 2-5 can associate with one or three copper(II) ion(s) producing 2:1 or 2:3 bis(beta-cyclodextrin)-copper(II) complexes. These metal-ligated oligo(beta-cyclodextrin)s can bind two model substrates to form intramolecular 2:2 host-guest inclusion complexes and thus significantly enhance the original binding abilities of parent beta-cyclodextrin and bis(beta-cyclodextrin) toward model substrates through the cooperative binding of two guest molecules by four tethered cyclodextrin moieties, as well as the additional binding effect supplied by ligated metal center(s). Host 6 showed the highest enhancement of the stability constant, up to 38.3 times for ANS as compared with parent beta-cyclodextrin. The molecular binding mode and stability constant of substrates by bridged bis- and oligo(beta-cyclodextrin)s 2-9 are discussed from the viewpoint of the size/shape-fit interaction and molecular multiple recognition between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li.",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengyi Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuangxi Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XuDong Guan",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of organic chemistry",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "EM8SYPMo": {
        "id": "EM8SYPMo",
        "title": "Spectrophotometric study on the controlling factor of molecular selective binding of dyes by bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s with diselenobis(benzoyl) linkers",
        "abstract": "A series of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) dimers with 4,4′-diselenobis(benzoyl) linkers, that is, 6,6′-[4,4′- diselenobis-(benzoyloxyl)]-bridged bis(β-CD) (1a), 6,6′-[4,4′- diselenobis[2-(benzoylamino)ethyleneamino]]-bridged bis(β-CD) (2a), and 6,6′-[4,4′-diselenobis[2-(benzoylamino)-3,6-diazaoctylamino]] -bridged bis(β-CD) (3a), were synthesized in moderate yields by the reaction of 4,4′-diselenobis(benzoic acid) with β-CD or oligo-(ethylenediamino)-6-deoxy-β-CD. Their binding behaviors with some structure-related substrates, such as acridine red (AR), neutral red (NR), rhodamine B (RhB), ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), and 6-p-toluidino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (TNS), were investigated in aqueous phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.20) at 298.15 K by means of fluorescence, NMR, as well as circular dichroism spectroscopy and compared with those of their 2,2′-diselenobis(benzoyl)-linked analogues, that is, 6,6′-[2, 2′-diselenobis-(benzoyloxyl)]-bridged bis(β-CD) (b), 6,6′-[2,3′-diselenobis[2-(benzoylamino)ethyleneamino]]-bridged bis(β-CD) (2b), and 6,6′-[2,2′-diselenobis[2-(benzoylamino)-3, 6-diazaoctylamino]]-bridged bis(β-CD) (3b). The results showed that bis(β-CD)s 1a-3a, whose Se-Se bonds were located at the para position of the carboxyl group, gave stronger binding abilities toward nonlinear guests (RhB and ANS) than their analogues 1b-3b, whose Se-Se bonds were located at the ortho position relative to the carboxyl group. The molecular binding ability and selectivity of model substrates by these ditopic hosts were sufficiently discussed to reveal not only the cooperative contributions of the linker group and CD cavities upon inclusion complexation with dye guest molecules but also the controlling factors for the molecular selective binding. © 2005 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Song",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Xin Yang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The journal of physical chemistry. B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "Jth5RdfB": {
        "id": "Jth5RdfB",
        "title": "Supramolecular aggregates constructed from gold nanoparticles and l-try-CD polypseudorotaxanes as captors for fullerenes.",
        "abstract": "A series of cyclodextrin-based polypseudorotaxanes (PPRs) were constructed by threading native beta-cyclodextrin or l-tryptophan-modified beta-cyclodextrin onto the amino-terminated PPG chains of different lengths. Subsequently, these PPRs were further assembled to form netlike supramolecular aggregates through the linkage of gold nanoparticles, and the resulting water-soluble Au-PPR aggregates were comprehensively characterized by FT-IR, UV, NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction patterning, TG-DTA, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the size and sedimentation rate of the Au-PPR aggregates were mainly dependent on the lengths of the PPG chains. Significantly, the Au-PPR aggregate 8, involving many l-tryptophan residues, showed not only a satisfactory water solubility but also a good capturing ability for fullerenes in aqueous solution. The 8-fullerene conjugate thus formed exhibited a good DNA cleavage ability under light irradiation.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Wang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen-Feng Ke",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the American Chemical Society",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "IEsRLDXS": {
        "id": "IEsRLDXS",
        "title": "Supramolecular architecture of tetrathiafulvalene-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin) with porphyrin and its electron transfer behaviors.",
        "abstract": "A bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin) 3 with a tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) linker was synthesized by an electrophilic reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-iodo-β-cyclodextrin 1 with 6,7-bis(methylsulfanyl)-2,3- bis(2-cycanoethylsulfanyl)tetrathiafulvalene 2 under the alkaline condition. Benefiting from the good solubilizing ability of the β-cyclodextrin unit, the solubility limit of 3 in water could reach 1.0 × 10(-3) M, i.e. 0.4 mg mL(-1) calculated as TTF residue. The conformational changes during the inclusion complexation process of 3 with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrin 4 were investigated by UV/Vis and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Significantly, the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) process between the TTF moiety in 3 and the porphyrin unit in 4 would take place within the 3/4 supramolecular complex under the light irradiation, leading to the highly efficient quenching of the fluorescence of 4, and could then be recovered by the formation of TTF cations in the presence of H(2)O(2). Furthermore, taking advantage of the high affinity between 3 and 4, the linear nanoarchitectures were achieved and comprehensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). These observations indicated that the strong complexation was a crucial and basic factor to achieve the PET process in the non-covalently constructed assemblies.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui-Jie Zhuang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "6zgJzlsH": {
        "id": "6zgJzlsH",
        "title": "Spectrophotometric study of fluorescence sensing and selective binding of biochemical substrates by 2,2'-bridged biso(β-cyclodextrin) and its water-soluble fullerene conjugate",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "water soluble"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ao yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fei ding",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "peng liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanli zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "3tfzU2JB": {
        "id": "3tfzU2JB",
        "title": "Supramolecular assembly of gold nanoparticles mediated by polypseudorotaxane with thiolated β-cyclodextrin",
        "abstract": "A water-soluble gold nanoparticle aggregate 2 was prepared by chloroauric acid and a poly pseudorotaxane 1 of mono-6-thio-β-cyclodextrin with polypropylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether) (M̄w ≈2000) in the presence of sodium borohydride in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. The investigative results indicated that the gold nanoparticle aggregate 2 might act as an efficient DNA-cleavage reagent. © 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "nanoparticles",
            "polypseudorotaxane",
            "self-assembly",
            "supramolecular structure",
            "self assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanli Zhao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Wang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Macromolecular Rapid Communications",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "BLzOHOHW": {
        "id": "BLzOHOHW",
        "title": "Binding behaviors of scutellarin with α-, β-, γ-cyclodextrins and their derivatives",
        "abstract": "A series of cyclodextrin/scutellarin inclusion complexes were prepared from α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin and 2-hydroxypropyl-β- cyclodextrin with scutellarin (SCU), and their inclusion complexation behaviors, such as stoichiometry, complex stability constants and inclusion mode, were investigated by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy, 1H NMR and 2D NMR. The results showed that the SCU could be efficiently encapsulated in the cyclodextrin cavity in aqueous solution to produce complexes that were more soluble than free SCU. The enhanced binding ability of cyclodextrins towards SCU was discussed from the viewpoint of the size/shape-fit and multiple recognition mechanism between host and guest. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "inclusion complexation",
            "scutellarin",
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "stability constant",
            "uv vis spectroscopy",
            "aqueous solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": "Yunnan University(Yunnan University),Kunming,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lijuan Yang",
                "org": "Yunnan University(Yunnan University),Kunming,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Lin",
                "org": "Yunnan University(Yunnan University),Kunming,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "TaOmMP9d": {
        "id": "TaOmMP9d",
        "title": "Non‐covalently Functionalized Fluorescent Carbon Nanotubes: A Supramolecular Approach of Selective Zinc Ions Sensing in Living Cells",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "carbon nanotube",
            "supramolecular assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "miao yu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yuping liu",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nankai university"
            },
            {
                "name": "ning zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "AeW5UViV": {
        "id": "AeW5UViV",
        "title": "Molecular recognition thermodynamics of bile salts by ß-cyclodextrin dimers: Factors governing the cooperative binding of cyclodextrin dimers",
        "abstract": "The complex stability constants (Ks), standard molar enthalpy (ΔH°), and entropy changes (ΔS°) for the inclusion complexation of two families of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) dimers, i.e. β-CD dimers Se1-Se4 bearing 2,2′-diselenobis(benzoyl) tether (Se-dimers) and β-CD dimers Py1-Py4 bearing 2,2′-bipyridine-4, 4′-dicarboxy tether (Py-dimers), with four bile salt guests, i.e. sodium cholate (CA), sodium deoxycholate (DCA), sodium glycocholate (GCA), and sodium taurocholate (TCA), were determined at 25°C in Tris buffer solution (pH 7.4) at 298.15 K by means of isothermal titration microcalorimetry. The thermodynamic parameters obtained, together with the ROESY spectra of interactions between β-CD dimers and bile salts, consistently suggest that the length, flexibility, and structure of spacers linking the two β-CD cavities not only determine the binding modes but also significantly alter the molecular selectivity of β-CD dimers. © 2005 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li.",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Yu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Fan",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "9bkNYrty": {
        "id": "9bkNYrty",
        "title": "Naphthylthiourea-modified permethylcyclodextrin as a highly sensitive and selective \"turn-on\" fluorescent chemosensor for Hg 2+ in water and living cells",
        "abstract": "A naphthylthiourea-modified cyclodextrin (1) and its urea derivative (2) were synthesized, and their fluorescence behaviors in the presence of various metal ions were investigated. Significantly, 1 showed a highly sensitive and selective fluorescence sensing ability for Hg 2+ over other metal ions in both water and living cells. That is, the addition of Hg 2+ to an aqueous solution of 1 gave a significantly enhanced fluorescence at ∼380 nm. In contrast, the addition of other metal ions induced negligible fluorescence changes. The possible mechanism may be due to the transformation of thiourea to urea by Hg 2+-induced desulfurization in water. © 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZhanHu Sun",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bao E. Song",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Hlcj8yju": {
        "id": "Hlcj8yju",
        "title": "Cooperative multipoint recognition of organic dyes by bis(β-cyclodextrin)s with 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxy tethers",
        "abstract": "A series of novel 6,6′-bis(β-cyclodextrin)s linked by 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxy tethers; that is, 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxy-bridged bis(6-O-β-cyclodextrin) (2) and N,N′-bis(2-aminoethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine-4, 4′-dicarboxamide-bridged (3), N,N′-bis(5-amino-3-azapentyl)-2,2′-bipyridine-4, 4′-dicarboxamide-bridged (4) and N,N′-bis(8-amino-3,6-diazaoctyl)-2,2′-bipyridine-4, 4′-dicarboxamide-bridged bis(6-amino-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin) (5), has been synthesized as cooperative multipoint-recognition receptor models. The inclusion complexation behavior of 2-5 with organic dyes; that is, ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate, Brilliant Green, Methyl Orange, Acridine Red, and Rhodamine B, has been investigated in aqueous phosphate buffer solutions (pH 7.20) at 25°C by means of ultraviolet, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectrometry as well as by fluorescence lifetime measurements. The spectral titrations gave the complex stability constants (Ks) and Gibbs' free energy changes (ΔG°) for the inclusion complexation of 2-5 with the organic dyes and other thermodynamic parameters (ΔH° and ΔS°) for the inclusion complexation of 2-4 with the fluorescent dyes Acridine Red and Rhodamine B. Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s 2-5 displayed higher binding abilities toward most of the examined dye molecules than native β-cyclodextrin 1; this is discussed from the viewpoints of the size/shape-fit concept, the induced-fit interaction, and cooperative, multipoint recognition by the bridging chain and the dual hydrophobic cavities. Thermodynamically, the inclusion complexation of 2-4 with Acridine Red is totally enthalpy driven with a negative or minor positive entropic contribution, but the inclusion complexation with Rhodamine B is mainly entropy-driven with a mostly positive, but occasionally negative, enthalpic contribution; in some cases this determines the complex stability.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrins",
            "dyes/pigments",
            "molecular recognition",
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "thermodynamics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Li",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Takehiko Wada",
                "org": "Japan Science and Technology Agency(Japan Science and Technology Agency,JST,Japan Sci. and Technol. Corporation),Kawaguchi,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshihisa Inoue",
                "org": "Japan Science and Technology Agency(Japan Science and Technology Agency,JST,Japan Sci. and Technol. Corporation),Kawaguchi,Japan"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry - A European Journal",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "50Fjtxao": {
        "id": "50Fjtxao",
        "title": "Synthesis of novel benzo-15-crown-5-tethered β-cyclodextrins and their enhanced molecular binding abilities by alkali metal cation coordination",
        "abstract": "Two novel benzo-15-crown-5 tethered β-cyclodextrins 1 and 2 have been synthesized by coupling substituted benzo-15-crown-5 with corresponding β-cyclodextrin derivatives. Their inclusion complexation behavior with representative guests, such as cyclohexanol, cyclohexane carboxylic acid, cyclohexane acetic acid, sodium cyclohexane carboxylate, and potassium cyclohexane carboxylate, was investigated in aqueous solution by means of fluorescence spectrometry. As compared with parent β-cyclodextrin, benzo-15-crown-5 tethered β-cyclodextrins 1-2 display significantly enhanced molecular binding abilities and selectivities towards model substrates, especially towards substrates containing alkali-metal cations. These results indicate that, bearing two recognition sites in a single molecule, these supramolecular architectures can strongly enhance the molecular binding ability of parent β-cyclodextrin by the cooperative binding of the β-cyclodextrin cavity and the crown ether moiety. Possessing a shorter linker, crown ether-β-cyclodextrin 2 shows much higher binding affinity with guest molecules than crown ether-β-cyclodextrin 1, which may be attributed to the binding size and molecular multiple recognition behavior between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "benzo-15-crown-5",
            "cooperative bonding",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "inclusion complexation",
            "alkali metals",
            "binding affinity",
            "aqueous solution",
            "potassium"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shizhao Kang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li.",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ChunHua Diao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengyi Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Inclusion Phenomena",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "O8DPv1wH": {
        "id": "O8DPv1wH",
        "title": "Spectrophotometric study of selective binding behaviors of dye molecules by pyridine-and bipyridine-modified β-cyclodextrin derivatives with a functional tether in aqueous solution",
        "abstract": "Four β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives bearing pyridine or bipyridine linkers, i.e., mono[6-(3-pyridinecarboxamide)ethyleneamino-6-deoxy]-β-CD(2), mono[6-(4-pyridinecarboxamide)ethyleneamino-6-deoxy]-β-CD (3), N,N′-bis(2-aminoethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine-4, 4′-dicarboxamide-bridged bis(6-amino-6-deoxy-β-CD) (4), N,N′-bis(2-aminoethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine-3, 3′-dicarboxamide-bridged bis(6-amino-6-deoxy-β-CD) (5), and their copper-(II) complexes (6 and 7) were selected as molecular receptors to explore the conformation-function relationship of oligo(β-CD)s. The original conformations of hosts 4-7 and their inclusion complexation behaviors with some guest molecules, i.e., ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), sodium 6-(p-toludino)-2-naphthalenesulfonate (TNS), and rhodamine B (RhB), were comprehensively investigated by means of UV-vis, 2D NMR, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that these oligo(β-CD)s, especially bis(β-CD) 5 and its copper(II) complex 7, exhibited the significantly enhanced binding abilities toward guest molecules as compared with native β-CD. Typically, hosts 5 and 7 efficiently enhanced the original binding ability of native β-CD toward ANS by a factor of 38-42 times. These increased binding abilities of oligomeric hosts were discussed from the viewpoint of the size/shape-fit and multipoint recognition between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "aqueous solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Qing Li",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu-Dong Guan",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "xHCIHuBC": {
        "id": "xHCIHuBC",
        "title": "Biquinolino-modified β-cyclodextrin dimers and their metal complexes as efficient fluorescent sensors for the molecular recognition of steroids",
        "abstract": "A series of bridged beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD) dimers possessing functional tethers of various lengths was synthesized in moderate yield by the treatment of 2,2'-biquinoline- 4,4'-dicarboxylic dichloride with beta-CyD or mono[6-oligo(ethylenediamino)-6-deoxy]-beta-CyDs. The products were 2,2'-biquinoline-4,4'-dicarboxy-bridged bis(6-O-beta-CyD) (8), N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)-2,2'-biquinoline-4,4'-dicarboxamide-bridged bis(6-amino-6-deoxy-beta-CyD) (9), and N,N'-bis(5-amino-3-azapentyl)-2,2'-biquinoline-4,4'-dicarboxamide-bridged bis(6-amino-6-deoxy-beta-CyD) (10). The reaction of 8-10 with copper perchlorate give their copper(II) complexes 11-13 in satisfactory yields of over 77 %. All the bis(beta-CyD)s 8-13 act as efficient fluorescent sensors and display remarkable fluorescence enhancement upon addition of optically inert steroids. The inclusion complexation behaviors of 8-13 when treated with the representative steroids cholate (14), deoxycholate (15), and glycocholate (16) in aqueous solution at 25 degrees C were investigated by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy, conductivity and fluorescence measurements, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The tether length of bis(beta-CyD) 9 allows it to adopt a cooperative host-tether-guest binding mode in which the spacer and guest are co-included in the two CyD cavities. As a result of this cooperation, 9 has a stability constant (K(s)) about 2x10(2) times higher than that of monomodified beta-CyD 4 for inclusion complexation with cholate. Metallooligo(beta-CyD)s with four beta-CyD units have enhanced binding abilities compared with monomodified beta-CyDs. These metallo compounds have binding affinities for guest steroids that are up to 50-4.1x10(3) times higher than those of CyDs 2-4. The guest-induced fluorescence enhancement of bis(CyD)s opens a new channel for the design of sensor materials. The complex stability constants of these compounds are discussed from the viewpoint of induced-fit interaction and cooperative multiple binding between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrins",
            "fluorescent sensors",
            "molecular recognition",
            "steroids",
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "binding affinity",
            "uv vis spectroscopy",
            "induced fit",
            "aqueous solution",
            "circular dichroism spectroscopy",
            "stability constant"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Song",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Qing Li",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui-Qin Zhong",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "RO6jYqBq": {
        "id": "RO6jYqBq",
        "title": "Linear polypseudorotaxanes possessing many metal centers constructed from inclusion complexes of α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins with 4,4′-dipyridine",
        "abstract": "Three cyclodextrin-based complexes, 1-3, bearing external coordination sites for metal cations were prepared in satisfactory yields (over 50%) by reactions of α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins with 4,4′-dipyridine in aqueous solutions. Subsequently, these inclusion complexes were further assembled to form linear polypseudorotaxanes 4-6 through the coordination linkage of Ni(II) or Cu(II) ions, and their assembly behaviors were comprehensively investigated in both solutions and the solid state by means of 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, conductivity titration, powder X-ray diffraction patterning, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that these polypseudorotaxanes existed as individual linear arrays at a low concentration but tended to form polymeric rodlike fibers at a relatively high concentration. Significantly, the volume of the cyclodextrin cavity used not only determined the inclusion complexation stoichiometry between cyclodextrin and 4,4′-dipyridine but also predominated the morphology of resulting polypseudorotaxanes. © 2006 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yingwei Yang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inorganic Chemistry",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "Lk3xH1jS": {
        "id": "Lk3xH1jS",
        "title": "Spectrophotometric Study of Fluorescence Sensing and Selective Binding of Biochemical Substrates by 2,2‘-Bridged Bis(<i>β</i>-cyclodextrin) and Its Water-Soluble Fullerene Conjugate",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ao Yu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "h5oF5rDx": {
        "id": "h5oF5rDx",
        "title": "Targeted polysaccharide nanoparticle for adamplatin prodrug delivery.",
        "abstract": "A series of conjugated hyaluronic acid particles (HAP), composed of a hydrophobic anticancer drug core and hydrophilic cyclodextrin/hyaluronic acid shell, were prepared through self-assembling and characterized by (1)H NMR titration, electron microscopy, zeta potential, and dynamic light-scattering experiments. The nanometer-sized HAP thus prepared was biocompatible and biodegradable and was well-recognized by the hyaluronic acid receptors overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells, which enabled us to exploit HAP as an efficient targeted delivery system for anticancer drugs. Indeed, HAP exhibited anticancer activities comparable to the commercial anticancer drug cisplatin but with lower side effects both in vitro and in vivo.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia-Tong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin),Synergetic Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of medicinal chemistry",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "vRNairVv": {
        "id": "vRNairVv",
        "title": "Assembly behavior of inclusion complexes of ß-cyclodextrin with 4-hydroxyazobenzene and 4-aminoazobenzene",
        "abstract": "To further reveal the factors governing the supramolecular assembly of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes, two aggregates (1 and 2) were prepared from the inclusion complexes of β-CD with 4-hydroxyazobenzene and 4-aminoazobenzene, respectively, and their binding behavior were investigated by means of X-ray analysis, UV-vis, NMR, and circular dichroism spectra in both solution and the solid state. The obtained results indicated that the β-CD/4-hydroxyazobenzene complex 1 could form head-to-head dimers (triclinic system, space group P1) in the solid state, which were further self-assembled to a linear supramolecular architecture by the intra- and interdimer hydrogen bond interactions as well as the intradimer π-π interactions. However, when the included guest 4-hydroxyazobenzene was switched to a 4-aminoazobenzene, the resultant β-CD/4-aminoazobenzene complex 2 (monoclinic system, space group P2(1)) could be self-assembled to a wave-type supramolecular aggregate under similar conditions. Furthermore, the combination of crystallographic and spectral investigations jointly revealed the inclusion complexation geometry of β-CD with 4-hydroxyazobenzene and 4-aminoazobenzene in both solution and the solid state, which demonstrated that the disparity of substituents in the azobenzenes played an important role in the inclusion complexation and molecular assembly, affecting not only the structural features of aggregates but also the binding abilities of azobenzenes with β-CD.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanli Zhao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dongsheng Guo",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "RCnuMljn": {
        "id": "RCnuMljn",
        "title": "Construction of a long cyclodextrin-based bis(molecular tube) from bis(polypseudorotaxane) and its capture of C60.",
        "abstract": "The preorganized bis(polypseudorotaxane) (approximately 20 nm long) formed by the multiple metallo-bridged poly(beta-cyclodextrin)s has been successfully converted to the lengthened bis(molecular tube) (approximately 200 nm long) through the intermolecular joining of approximately 10 discrete bis(polypseudorotaxane) units and the subsequent removal of the polymer templates. The obtained bis(molecular tube), which is quite soluble in water, dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide, has been comprehensively characterized by NMR, gel permeation chromatography, static light scattering, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy. Further investigations demonstrate that this bis(molecular tube) can capture C(60) through interaction with its many pi-electron-rich biquinolino groups.",
        "keywords": [
            "synthesis",
            "bis(polypseudorotaxane)",
            "organic nanotube",
            "fullerene",
            "cyclodextrin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Xin Yang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Song",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Shao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS nano",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "jzlVmTZa": {
        "id": "jzlVmTZa",
        "title": "Study of Cu-Fe-Co-M/SiO2 (M = Unpromoted, Li, Na, K and Cs) Catalysts for Mixed Alcohols Synthesis from CO Hydrogenation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hai jun guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lian xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "cai rong luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fei ding",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin de chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "mJeRU4KG": {
        "id": "mJeRU4KG",
        "title": "Molecular binding and assembly behavior of β-cyclodextrin with piperazine and 1,4-dioxane in aqueous solution and solid state",
        "abstract": "The molecular binding behaviors of mono-[6-deoxy-6-(1-piperazinyl)]-β- cyclodextrin (1), piperazine/β-cyclodextrin complex (2), and dioxane/β-cyclodextrin complex (3) were systematically investigated by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, dynamic light scattering, viscosity measurements, microcalorimetry, crystallography, and electron microscopic observations, displaying that the self-aggregation of piperazine-modified cyclodextrin 1 in both aqueous solution and the solid state produced a head-to-tail polymeric helical structure. In contrast, the cyclodextrin units in piperazine/β-cyclodextrin complex 2 were located in a staggered pattern, which was strikingly distinctive from the reported results by slow solvent evaporation method. Despite the fact that piperazinyl moiety was introduced by covalent and noncovalent chemical bonds in compound 1 and complex 2, respectively, these two superstructures have the same crystal systems and space groups, which was clearly distinguished from the crystal structure of complex 3 and native β-cyclodextrin. These results indicated that the hydrogen bonding interconnection was a crucial and basic factor to govern the unique aggregation structures of supramolecular assemblies. © 2012 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yingming Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zixin Yang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Crystal Growth and Design",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "KL2s9IOZ": {
        "id": "KL2s9IOZ",
        "title": "Molecular binding thermodynamics of spherical guests by ��-cyclodextrins bearing aromatic substituents",
        "abstract": "The molecular binding behaviors of two ��-cyclodextrin (��-CD) derivatives bearing 1,2,3-triazole moieties, i.e. mono-6-deoxy-6-{4-(8- oxymethylquinolino)[1,2,3]triazolyl}-��-CD (1) and mono-6-deoxy-6-{4-(8- oxymethylnaphthol)[1,2,3]triazolyl}-��-CD (3), and their analogs without 1,2,3-triazole moieties, i.e. mono-6-deoxy-6-(8-oxymethylquinolino)-��-CD (2) and mono-6-deoxy-6-(8-oxymethylnaphthol)-��-CD (4) toward spherical guests (��)-borneol and (��)-camphor were investigated to elucidate how substituent moiety of host affects the binding abilities by 2D NMR as well as microcalorimetric titrations in aqueous phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.20) at 298.15 K. The binding modes of host-guest interactions obtained from 2D NMR displayed that host CDs without triazole moieties gave better induce-fit efficiency between hosts and guests, leading to stronger binding abilities. Thermodynamically, the inclusion complexation was driven by enthalpy with the stoichiometry of 1:1. Another factor contributed to the enhanced binding abilities was the enthalpy gain with the smaller entropy loss. ? 2013 Elsevier B.V.",
        "keywords": [
            "��-Cyclodextrin",
            "Borneol",
            "Camphor",
            "Self-inclusion",
            "Thermodynamic"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingming Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihua Wang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenzhao Mao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Thermochimica Acta",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "g8WqBa8v": {
        "id": "g8WqBa8v",
        "title": "Fluorescence sensing and binding behavior of aminobenzenesulfonamidoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin to Zn2+",
        "abstract": "(Chemical Equation Presented) A water-soluble fluorescent zinc sensor which binds strongly to Zn2+ (log K = 12.4) was successfully synthesized under physiological conditions. This sensor exhibits a good fluorescence response to Zn2+ over a wide pH range in water. Under the same conditions, several metal ions commonly present in a physiological environment, such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn 2+, Fe2+, and Co2+, showed little interference to the fluorescence response to Zn2+. © 2007 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Hua Wang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "k6b5TXmU": {
        "id": "k6b5TXmU",
        "title": "Binding behaviours of different charge groups modified cyclodextrins with ionic surfactants",
        "abstract": "The complex stability constants for the inclusion complexation of mono-(6-anilino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin (1), mono-(6-ethylenediamino-6- deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin (2) and mono-[6-O-(4-carboxyl-phenyl)]-β- cyclodextrin (3) with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cationic surfactant dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromine (DTAC) were determined by means of fluorescence and UV-Vis titrations in phosphate buffer solution, and their binding modes were investigated by 2D NMR spectroscopy. These results indicate that the introduction of different charge groups on the primary face of cyclodextrins can effectively change the binding abilities of the modified cyclodextrins towards ionic surfactants, and a high selectivity is achieved through the electrostatic interaction between host and guest compounds.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cyclodextrin",
            "Spectral titration",
            "Surfactant"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huanquan Sun",
                "org": "Shengli Oilfield Company(Shengli Oilfield Company),Dongying,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingming Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xulong Cao",
                "org": "Shengli Oilfield Company(Shengli Oilfield Company),Dongying,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaohong Cui",
                "org": "Shengli Oilfield Company(Shengli Oilfield Company),Dongying,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Shi",
                "org": "Shengli Oilfield Company(Shengli Oilfield Company),Dongying,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "qFMlW9v2": {
        "id": "qFMlW9v2",
        "title": "Construction and radical cation stabilisation of a supramolecular dyad by tetrathiafulvalene-modified β-cyclodextrin and cucurbit[7]uril",
        "abstract": "A tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-modified b-cyclodextrin derivative (3) was carefully designed and synthesised by the reaction of 2-(2-cycanoethylsulphanyl) -3,6,7-tris-(methylsulphanyl)tetrathiafulvalene (1) and mono-6-deoxy-6-iodo- β-cyclodextrin (2) in 49% yield, which was comprehensively characterised by 1H NMR, mass spectra and elemental analysis. TTF-modified β-cyclodextrin (3) showed satisfactory water solubility up to ca. 1 × 10-3 M. Furthermore, the interactions between the radical cation of 3 and cucurbit[7]uril were investigated by means ofUV-vis spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, kinetic experiment and cyclic voltammetry. The results indicated that the introduction of the cucurbit[7]uril and cyclodextrin unit could promote a remarkable effect on the stability of TTF radicals generated by 1 equiv. of Fe3+ in aqueous media, and the radical cations encapsulated in cucurbit[7]uril at this state could be considered as stable and persistent ones. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.",
        "keywords": [
            "cucurbit[7]uril",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "radical cation",
            "tetrathiafulvalene",
            "uv vis spectroscopy",
            "water soluble",
            "electron paramagnetic resonance",
            "kinetics",
            "mass spectra"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yingming Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "RuiJie Zhuang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Supramolecular Chemistry",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "ERvvGZhp": {
        "id": "ERvvGZhp",
        "title": "Molecular binding behaviors of triazole-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s towards cinchona alkaloids",
        "abstract": "Three bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s 3-5 possessing 1,2,3-triazole moieties and polyether chains of different lengths have been synthesized by click reactions in high yields. Their binding affinities towards four cinchona alkaloids, namely, cinchonine, cinchonidine, quinine, and quinidine, have been quantitatively investigated by means of spectrophotometric titrations and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Spectroscopic analyses demonstrated that, compared with native β- and γ-cyclodextrins, bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s with a rigid spacer give enhanced molecular binding abilities towards the selected substrates. Moreover, the factors resulting in the significant differences in photophysical behaviors of bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s towards cinchona alkaloids are discussed from the viewpoint of the binding geometry of host-guest complexes, revealing that the aromatic ring containing the nitrogen atom of quinine is accommodated in the cavity of 3, whereas the rings of cinchonine, cinchonidine, and quinidine are located out of the cavity of the cyclodextrin and are exposed to aqueous media. © 2913 The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yingming Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongzhong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu,",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "New Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "GlObqdxF": {
        "id": "GlObqdxF",
        "title": "Thermodynamic origin of selective binding of β-cyclodextrin derivatives with chiral chromophoric substituents toward steroids.",
        "abstract": "Two β-cyclodextrin derivatives with chiral chromophoric substituents, that is, L- (1) and D-tyrosine-modified β-cyclodextrin (2), were synthesized and fully characterized. Their inclusion modes, binding abilities, and molecular selectivities with four steroid guests, that is, cholic acid sodium salt (CA), deoxycholic acid sodium salt (DCA), glycochoic acid sodium salt (GCA), and taurocholic acid sodium salt (TCA), were investigated by the circular dichroism, 2D NMR, and isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC). The results obtained from the circular dichroism and 2D NMR showed that two hosts adopted the different binding geometry, and these differences subsequently resulted in the significant differences of molecular binding abilities and selectivities. As compared with native β-cyclodextrin and tryptophan-modified β-cyclodextrin, host 2 showed the enhanced binding abilities for CA and DCA but the decreased binding abilities for GCA and TCA; however, host 1 showed the decreased binding abilities for all four bile salts. The best guest selectivity and the best host selectivity were K(S)(2-DCA)/K(S)(2-TCA) = 12.6 and K(S)(2-CA)/K(S)(1-CA) = 10, respectively, both exhibiting great enhancement as compared with the corresponding values of the previously reported L- and D-tryptophan-modified β-cyclodextrins. Thermodynamically, it was the favorable enthalpic gain that led to the high guest selectivity and host selectivity.",
        "keywords": [
            "thermodynamics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Li",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo-Wen Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bang-Ping Jiang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Heng-Yi Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Hua Wang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The journal of physical chemistry. B",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "8tLj6mp6": {
        "id": "8tLj6mp6",
        "title": "Spectrophotometric Study on the Controlling Factor of Molecular Selective Binding of Dyes by Bridged Bis(<i>β</i>-cyclodextrin)s with Diselenobis(benzoyl) Linkers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Xin Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "bwjK9A4Q": {
        "id": "bwjK9A4Q",
        "title": "Spectrophotometric study of fluorescence sensing and selective binding of biochemical substrates by 2,2′-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin) and its water-soluble fullerene conjugate",
        "abstract": "A bis(β-cyclodextrin)-fullerene conjugate (3) linked at the secondary hydroxyl side was prepared in a good yield from its precursor NN′-bis(2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl)nialonaniide-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin) (2), Spectrophotomeric studies on the conformation and the inclusion complexation behavior of 3 with a variety of organic and biochemical substrates by means of UV-vis, FT-IR, NMR, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that the bis(β-cyclodextrin)-fullerene conjugate displayed an intramolecular capsule-type conformation in aqueous solution. Because of the multiple binding of bis(β-cyclodextrin) with substrates, 2 can act as an efficient fluorescence sensor for biochemical substrates, while its fullerene conjugate 3 displays a capability of cleaving DNA under visible-light irradiation. © 2005 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Liü",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Liang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ao Yu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The journal of physical chemistry. B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "6QlRMlis": {
        "id": "6QlRMlis",
        "title": "Bundle-shaped cyclodextrin-Tb nano-supramolecular assembly mediated by C60: intramolecular energy transfer.",
        "abstract": "A bundle-shaped nano-supramolecular assembly possessing numerous luminescent cyclodextrin-Tb polyads and photosensitizing C(60) units has been constructed through the end-to-end inclusion complexation of cyclodextrin cavities with C(60)s, and its properties have been comprehensively characterized. Further investigations on the luminescence properties of the cyclodextrin-Tb polyad and the bundle-shaped assembly demonstrate that a pyridine --> Tb --> C(60) intramolecular energy transfer process is operative when a solution of the assembly is exposed to UV light.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": "Nankai University(Nankai University),Tianjin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano letters",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "isyqT3Kj": {
        "id": "isyqT3Kj",
        "title": "A polysaccharide/tetraphenylethylene-mediated blue-light emissive and injectable supramolecular hydrogel",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A luminescent and injectable supramolecular hydrogel was successfully constructed through the non-covalent cross-linking of polymers mediated by tetraphenylethylene-bridged cyclodextrin oligomers, presenting the strong blue fluorescence, the reversible gelation behavior responsive to various external stimuli and the good mechanical property of shear thinning.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian Zhao",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Chemical Letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "EBuAWNca": {
        "id": "EBuAWNca",
        "title": "Cyclodextrin/polyethylenimine-based supramolecular nanoparticles for loading and sustained release of ATP",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A supramolecular nanoparticle that realized the loading and sustained release of ATP was successfully constructed from sulfato- β -cyclodextrin (SCD) and polyethylenimine (PEI). The assembly and disassembly behaviors of supramolecular nanoparticle were investigated by means of Tyndall effect, UV–vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Significantly, the resulting nanoparticle was disrupted with the increasing of pH and recovered to the spherical nanoparticle as the pH decreased to initial value. Owing to the positive zeta potential, the supramolecular nanoparticle showed the good loading and sustained release abilities towards ATP.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lu Liang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu-Man Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Zhang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Chemical Letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "AybM3tvf": {
        "id": "AybM3tvf",
        "title": "Construction and heterogeneous photooxidization reactivity of a cyclodextrin/porphyrin polyrotaxane network",
        "abstract": "A cyclodextrin/porphyrin supramolecular polyrotaxane network was successfully constructed by a Schiff base polycondensation reaction of a β-cyclodextrin/p-phthaldehyde inclusion complex with optically active porphyrin and comprehensively characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the solid state. Interestingly, the resultant polyrotaxane network with an ordered rectangular morphology could not only emit the satisfactory solid state fluorescence but also be used as a heterogeneous catalyst for oxidizing dimethylanthracene under light irradiation. Significantly, 99% dimethylanthracene could be oxidized after being irradiated at 500 nm for 4 h. This approach of preparing the supramolecular polyrotaxane network would provide an efficient access to prepare photoactive functional materials.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Lei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Zhao",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic chemistry frontiers",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "3DH6yNxc": {
        "id": "3DH6yNxc",
        "title": "Effect of head/tail groups on molecular induced aggregation of polycationic cyclodextrin towards anionic surfactants",
        "abstract": "The molecular induced aggregation behaviors of a polycationic cyclodextrin, i.e. per-6-deoxy-6-(1-methylimidazol-3-ium-3-yl)-β-cyclodextrin (1), towards five anionic surfactants, i.e. sodium decyl sulfonate (SDES), sodium undecyl sulfonate (SUS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), were comprehensively investigated in aqueous solution. The results showed that the introduction of 1 could efficiently decrease the critical aggregation concentrations (CAC) of the selected surfactants by a factor of 14–467, leading to the formation of nanoscale spherical particles with a diameter of 200–400 nm and nearly neutral or moderate positive zeta potential. Significantly, the resultant 1/SLS and 1/SDBS aggregates exhibited the ability of loading both anionic and neutral model substrates.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Rui-Juan Shi",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Fang Hou",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "k9z5oMjs": {
        "id": "k9z5oMjs",
        "title": "Controllable macrocyclic supramolecular assemblies in aqueous solution",
        "abstract": "A series of macrocycles, including crown ethers, cyclodextrins, calixarenes, pillararenes and cucurbiturils, are well known to be able to associate various organic/inorganic/biological guest molecules and ions in their well-defined cyclic cavities to form stable host-guest complexes and supramolecular systems through the cooperative contributions of various non-covalent interactions. When one or more functional groups are attached to the cavity of macrocycles or guest molecules, enhanced and/or controlled host-guest associations may take place, leading to not only improved host-guest binding abilities but also fascinating properties. In this review, some representative contributions in the construction of controllable macrocyclic supramolecular assemblies in aqueous solution are presented with an emphasis on the stimuli-responsive control manner and wide applications of this property.",
        "keywords": [
            "macrocycle",
            " supramolecular assembly",
            " stimuli-responsive",
            " aqueous solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feihe Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhan-Ting Li",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science China-chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "wDdKSXwl": {
        "id": "wDdKSXwl",
        "title": "A multi-color and white-light emissive cucurbituril/terpyridine/lanthanide supramolecular nanofiber",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Multi-color and white light luminescence materials based on supramolecular assemblies are attractive because of their potential applications in advanced light-emitting material. Herein, a cucurbit[8]uril-enhanced lanthanide luminescent supramolecular assembly was constructed in a facile but efficient way using terpyridine imidozalium cations, cucurbit[8]urils and rare earth ions such as Tb 3+  and Eu 3+ . Significantly, the resultant fibrous supramolecular assembly, with an average width of 15 nm, could emit remarkable lanthanide luminescence, which was ten times higher than the corresponding terpyridine/Ln 3+  without cucurbit[8]uril. And the solid state luminescence of supramolecular assembly could be smartly and easily turned among blue, green, red and white by adjusting the molar ratios between Tb 3+  and Eu 3+ . The enhanced white-light emission by supramolecular strategy may provide a new approach for smart and tunable solid luminescent materials.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhang",
                "org": "MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhang",
                "org": "MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaohua Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bowen Hu",
                "org": "MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunhua Zhang",
                "org": "MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Chemical Letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "XB9Y6sFl": {
        "id": "XB9Y6sFl",
        "title": "Enzyme-Responsive Supramolecular Nanoparticles Based on Carboxyl-Modified Cyclodextrins for Dual Substrate Loading",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu Han",
                "org": "College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "He-Lue Sun",
                "org": "College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ST3348vd": {
        "id": "ST3348vd",
        "title": "Cyclodextrin-based Mesoporous N-Doped Carbon Hybrids with High Heterocatalytic Activity",
        "abstract": "A convenient approach for the construction of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon material from native cyclic oligosaccharide beta-cyclodextrin and N-containing small molecules was established. The resultant N-Doped carbon hybrids, which possessed the high BET surface area as well as the appropriate pore volume and pore diameter, could serve as highly efficient metal-free heterocatalysts with very good catalytic activity as well as generality and could be easily recovered without any compromise of catalytic performance.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Tian",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu-Ping Liu",
                "org": "Research Center for Analytical Sciences; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Lei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "0QHfvN3f": {
        "id": "0QHfvN3f",
        "title": "Tunable Supramolecular Nanoarchitectures Constructed by the Complexation of Diphenanthro-24-Crown-8/Cesium(I) with Nickel(II) and Silver(I) Ions",
        "abstract": "Tunable supramolecular nanoarchitectures have received enormous attention because of their potential in materials fabrication. Herein, a variety of morphologically intriguing nanoarchitectures have been constructed from diphenanthro-24-crown-8 ether (DPC) and metal ions. SEM and TEM showed that the self-assembled nanofibers undergo a Cs -induced transformation into regular nanoribbons, and further into nanospheres and nanoparticles by the complexation of Ni and Ag ions because of the strong ion-dipole interaction. Moreover, the X-ray crystal structure determination and powder X-diffraction data further confirmed that these morphological transformations resulted from the different complexation between DPC and metal ions. This result provides a new strategy for the subtle manipulation of supramolecular assemblies.",
        "keywords": [
            "crown ethers",
            "morphological modulation",
            "organic crystals",
            "self-assembly",
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Yuan Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ChemPlusChem",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "2IWlLEQJ": {
        "id": "2IWlLEQJ",
        "title": "Thermodynamics of interactions between organic ammonium ions and sulfonatocalixarenes",
        "abstract": "Calorimetric titration and NMR experiments in aqueous phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) at 298.15 K have been done to determine the binding mode, complex stability constants and thermodynamics (Δ G °, Δ H °, and T Δ S °) for 1:1 inclusion complexation of water-soluble calix[ n ]arenesulfonates (CnAS, n = 4 and 6) and thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (TCAS) with acethylcholine, carnitine, betaine and benzyltrimethylammonium ion. The results show the inclusion complexations are driven by enthalpy (Δ H ° < 0), accompanied by negative entropic changes (Δ S ° < 0). The binding affinities (C4AS > C6AS > TCAS) are discussed from the viewpoint of CH–π/π–π interactions, electrostatic interactions and size/shape-fit relationship between host and guest. Keywords Microcalorimetry Complex stability constants Thermodynamic parameters Inclusion complexation Calix[ n ]arenesulfonates 1 Introduction Possessing hydrophobic cavities made of several phenolic units linked via methylene groups, calixarenes are able to selectively recognize various neutral and charged inorganic/organic guests [1] . Water-soluble calixarenes have become increasingly important in supramolecular chemistry [2] because they allow the study of basic forces involved in host–guest recognition processes in a solvent where most biological processes occur. Especially, complexation of tetraalkylammonium salts by synthetic receptors has received extensive attention in the last few years [3] , and these studies led to the disclosure of the important role played by weak cation–π interactions [4] in the recognition process. Arena et al. [5] investigated the binding behaviors of some p -sulfonatocalix[4]arenes with trimethylammonium group or benzene ring of aromatic ammonium cations by NMR, calorimetry and molecular mechanics calculations. In addition, molecular dynamic simulations of the association between p -sulfonatocalix[4]arene and inorganic (rare-earth metal cations) or organic cations (quaternary ammonium cations) are also reported [6] . Herein, we report the molecular binding thermodynamics of calix[ n ]arenesulfonates (CnAS, n = 4 and 6) and thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (TCAS) with acethylcholine (Ach), carnitine (Carn), betaine (Beta), and benzyltrimethylammonium (BTMA) ion ( Chart 1 ). The calorimetric titration and NMR results establish a correlation between the thermodynamic parameters and complex conformation, and reveal the factors controlling the correlation. 2 Experimental Calix[ n ]arenesulfonates (CnAS, n = 4 and 6) and thiacalix[4]arenesulfonate (TCAS) were synthesized according to the reported method [7,8] . Ach (97%), BTMA (97%), Carn (>98%) and Beta (99%) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. All calorimetric experiments were performed in an aqueous phosphate buffer (0.1 mol dm −3 , pH 7.2) at atmospheric pressure and 298.15 K with a Microcal VP-ITC calorimeter. The net reaction heat in each run was calculated by the “one set of binding sites” model [9] ( Fig. 1 ). 3 Results The stability constants ( K s ) and thermodynamic parameters for host–guest inclusion complexation are listed in Table 1 . All the titration data give 1:1 stoichiometry between host and guest, which is consistent with literatures [5,6] . 1 H NMR spectra of complexes of C4AS or TCAS with organic ammonium guests were recorded and compared with those of free guests to explore the possible binding mode between hosts and guests. Some representative results are listed in Table 2 . In all cases, the guest protons were observed as a single resonance due to the fast exchange between a free guest and a complexed one on the NMR time scale. As can be seen in Table 2 , the δ values of guest protons appreciably shift to high field after complexation with calixarenes. 4 Discussion The conformation of C6AS in water is less rigid than C4AS, and the 1,3-alternate conformer seems to be the stable structure in neutral aqueous solution [10,11] . C6AS usually forms 1:1 complexes with guest molecules such as trimethylanilinium chloride [12] , 1-Adamantyltrimethylammonium chloride [12] and some amino acids [11] . This is consistent with our present results showing the 1:1 stoichiometry of C6AS with all the four guests. Moreover, examinations with the Corey–Pauling–Koltun (CPK) molecular model clearly demonstrate that C4AS or TCAS can only accommodate one organic ammonium guest in its hydrophobic cavity. A close comparison of the Δ δ values of BTMA protons after complexation with C4AS shows that BTMA is encapsulated from either the aromatic moiety or the methyl group without regioselectivity. The complexation mode of BTMA by C4AS may be due to CH–π interaction in addition to π–π interaction, in accord with earlier results [13] . In sharp contrast, TCAS regioselectively includes BTMA into its cavity from the aromatic side, indicating that the quaternary ammonium group does not fit comfortably into the enlarged cavity of TCAS compared to C4AS. However, complexation of C4AS/TCAS with Beta shows that both C4AS and TCAS include Beta from the ammonium side, but the Δ δ values of Beta protons induced by complexation with C4AS are larger than those by TCAS. According to the NMR data, the possible binding modes for the complexation of ammonium guests with C4AS and TCAS are shown in Fig. 2 . The calixarenes form stable complexes with all ammonium guests, showing similar molecular selectivity, C4AS > C6AS > TCAS for each guest. Among the host calixarenes examined, possessing the smallest cavity with a relatively high π electron density, C4AS gives the largest K values for all ammonium guests. That is attributed to the good size-fit and strong CH–π/π–π interactions between host and guest. All of the calixarenes examined show much stronger binding abilities towards Ach and BTMA than towards Carn and Beta. Both Carn and Beta have electronegative carboxyl groups. According to the reported p K a values [10,14] , C4AS and TCAS have five negative charges at pH 7.2, i.e. four anionic sulfonate groups and one deprotonated phenolic hydroxy group, whereas C6AS has six anionic sulfonate groups and two deprotonated phenolic hydroxy groups. Therefore, the electrostatic repulsion from the sulfonate groups of calixarenes will weaken the host–guest binding. The K value of TCAS/BTMA complex is 3.5 times larger than that of TCAS/Ach complex, indicating that binding of the aromatic ring of the guest with TCAS is much stronger than binding of the ammonium group. However, the K value of C4AS with BTMA is similar to that of C4AS with Ach because C4AS can equally bind either the phenyl portion or the ammonium group efficiently. The host–guest inclusion complexation is mainly driven by the favorable enthalpic changes, which indicates that π-stacking (including π–π or CH–π) and van der Waals interactions play a crucial role in the host–guest complexation. Because electrostatic interactions usually contribute to positive enthalpic changes [6a] , we deduce that electrostatic interactions are not dominating forces in the association process. All of the host–guest complexations exhibit unfavorable entropic changes, because the association process leads to loss of conformational freedom. Likewise, the inclusion of neutral aromatic guests by cyclophanes in water is also enthalpically driven with a negative entropic contribution [15] . However, the entropic term herein is less unfavorable than that of neutral guests since the partial desolvation of quaternary ammonium and sulfonate groups upon interaction gives a positive contribution to entropic changes [5a] . C6AS shows more favorable enthalpic changes but weaker binding abilities than C4AS. Coleman and co-workers [16] reported that guest molecule can be totally immobilized within the double cone cavity of the 1,3-alternate conformer of C6AS. Therefore, we deduce that the large enthalpic gain of C6AS is partially cancelled by the high entropic loss arising from the loss of degrees of freedom upon complexation. Upon complexation with BTMA, both C4AS and TCAS give more negative enthalpic change than with the other guests owing to the π–π interactions between calix[4]arenes and the aromatic ring of BTMA. Surprisingly, the entropic loss of TCAS with BTMA is larger than that of C4AS. One possible explanation for the unexpected entropic change is that the regioselective complexation mode of TCAS with BTMA leads to a good size-fit between the aromatic group of BTMA and the TCAS cavity, which consequently results in the larger losses of the conformational freedoms of hosts and guests. Acknowledgment We are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 90306009, 20402008, 20421202 and 20572052) for financial support. References [1] Danil de Namor R.M. Cleverley M.L. Zapata-Ormachea Chem. Rev. 98 1998 2495 [2] A. Pochini R. Ungaro F. Vogtle Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry vol. 2 1996 Pergamon Oxford pp. 103–149 [3] (a) H.-J. Schneider D. Güttes U. Schneider J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110 1988 6449 (b) P.C. Kearny L.S. Mizoue R.A. Kumpf J.E. Forman A. McCurdy D.A. Dougherty J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 1993 9907 [4] J.C. Ma D.A. Dougherty Chem. Rev. 97 1997 1303 [5] (a) G. Arena A. Casnati A. Contino G.G. Lombardo D. Sciotto R. Ungaro Chem. Eur. J. 5 1999 738 (b) G. Arena A. Casnati A. Contino F.G. Gulino D. Sciotto R. Ungaro J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2000 419 [6] (a) C. Bonal Y. Israëli J.-P. Morel N. Morel-Desrosiers J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2001 1075 (b) A. Mendes C. Bonal N. Morel-Desrosiers J.-P. Morel P. Malfreyt J. Phys. Chem. B. 106 2002 4516 [7] (a) S. Shinkai S. Mori T. Tsubaki T. Sone O. Manabe Tetrahedron Lett. 25 1984 5315 (b) S. Shinkai S. Mori H. Koreishi T. Tsubaki O. Manabe J. Am. Chem. Soc. 108 1986 2409 [8] N. Iki T. Horiuchi H. Oka K. Koyama N. Morohashi C. Kabuto S. Miyano J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2001 2219 [9] Y. Liu E.-C. Yang Y. Chen Thermochim. Acta 429 2005 163 [10] J.L. Atwood D.L. Clark R.K. Juneja G.W. Orr K.D. Robinson R.L. VincentIa J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114 1992 7559 [11] N. Douteau-Guével A.W. Coleman J.P. Morel N. Morel-Desrosiers J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1999 629 [12] S. Shinkai K. Araki T. Matsuda O. Manabe Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 62 1989 3856 [13] S. Shinkai K. Araki T. Matsuda N. Nishiyama H. Ikeda L. Takasu M. Iwamoto J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112 1990 9053 [14] H. Matsumiya Y. Terazono N. Iki S. Miyano J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 2002 1166 [15] (a) S.B. Ferguson E.M. Seward F. Diederich E.M. Sanford A. Chou P. Inocencio-Szweda C.B. Knobler J. Org. Chem. 53 1988 5593 (b) D.B. Smithrud T.B. Wyman F. Diederich J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113 1991 5420 [16] N. Douteau-Guével A.W. Coleman J.P. Morel N. Morel-Desrosiers J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1999 629",
        "keywords": [
            "calix[n]arenesulfonates",
            "complex stability constants",
            "inclusion complexation",
            "microcalorimetry",
            "thermodynamic parameters",
            "binding affinity",
            "thermodynamics",
            "stability constant",
            "water soluble"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li-Hua Wang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong-Sheng Guo",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Thermochimica Acta",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "P5yVOyW6": {
        "id": "P5yVOyW6",
        "title": "Inclusion complexes of bisphenol A with cyclomaltoheptaose (β-cyclodextrin): solubilization and structure",
        "abstract": "Abstract The inclusion complexation behavior and the solubilization effects of Bisphenol A (BPA, an endocrine-disrupting chemical) by cyclomaltohexaose, -heptaose, and -octaose (α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins) were investigated by 1 H NMR spectroscopy and by elemental analysis. The results showed that β- and γ-cyclodextrins gave the satisfactory solubilization ability to BPA up to 7.2 × 10 3 mg L −1 and 9.0 × 10 3 mg L −1 , respectively. X-ray crystallographic diffraction and ROESY spectroscopy were also employed to investigate the structure of the β-CD/BPA inclusion complex in both aqueous solution and the solid state. The result showed that this complex adopted a 2:2 stoichiometry in the solid state, that is, a head-to-head β-CD dimer accommodated two BPA molecules. The inclusion of BPA led to the desolvation of the β-CD cavity and the destruction of the circularly closed hydrogen-bond network in the secondary side of β-CD, which made the complex more soluble. Keywords Cyclodextrin Bisphenol A Solubilization Single-crystal X-ray structure 1 Introduction Bisphenol A (BPA, Scheme 1 ) is widely used as a primary raw material in the manufacture of epoxy resins and polycarbonate. The human population is exposed to it from a wide range of materials to water. Unfortunately, BPA has been identified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical by the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the World Wide Fund for Nature, 1,2 since it can affect reproductive behavior of both humans and animals, inducing various diseases including cancer, and even endanger the balance of ecosystems. 3,4 Moreover, BPA is difficult to remove once it accumulates in the environment or in the human body due to its poor solubility (381 mg L −1 in water, 25 °C). 5 Therefore, research on the removal of BPA, including its detection, capture, solubilization, and degradation, has become very important and urgent. On the other hand, cyclomaltooligosaccharides (cyclodextrins, CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides mainly with 6–8 d -glucose units linked by α-1,4-glucose bonds, play an important role in BPA research. For example, Del Olmo et al. reported a spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of BPA in water, utilizing its enhanced fluorescence after complexation by β-CD. 6 Deng et al. reported the enhanced photodegradation of BPA in the presence of β-CD under the UV light. 7 Kitano and co-workers and Aoki et al., respectively, synthesized the insoluble CD materials by cross-linking β-CD with epichlorohydrin 8 and locating β-CD on a gold electrode 9 or insoluble chitosan, 10 and investigated their absorption behavior with BPA. The merits of the inclusion complex of β-CD with BPA, their structural character and recognition thermodynamics were also studied. Del Olmo et al. first reported the stoichiometric 1:1 β-CD/BPA inclusion complex with a high association constant. 6 Kitano et al. examined their complexation in 9:1 water–methanol system using spectrofluorimetric and NMR measurements. 11 Jouini and co-workers further presented the optimized structural geometry of the β-CD/BPA complex by theoretical calculations. 12 However, the solubility of BPA in β-CD solution has not been given much attention, so that when a high concentration of β-CD/BPA solution is needed in the study (just as in 2D NMR study), unwanted methanol has to be introduced into the system. Herein, we wish to report the solubilization of various CDs with BPA, as well as the structural study of a β-CD/BPA complex in both water and the solid state. This study might provide some useful information about the depollution of BPA. 2 Results and discussion 2.1 Solubilization The solubilities of BPA in various CD solutions were obtained by the following procedures. An equimolar mixture of CD and BPA (1.3 × 10 −3 mol) was combined in a sealed flask containing 20 mL of distilled water, and the mixture was placed in a thermostated water bath (the fluctuation was ±0.05 K) for 3 days at 25 °C. Then, 10 mL of supernatant was collected by filtration, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure with a rotary evaporator. The solids were dried at 90 °C for 24 h and could be handled by weighing. Figure 1 displays the spectra of the resultant solid. As can be seen in Figure 1 , the solids obtained from β-CD/BPA and γ-CD/BPA solutions showed clear 1 H NMR signals, but that obtained from the α-CD/BPA solution displayed no appreciable 1 H NMR signals that could be assigned to the BPA protons. These results indicate that only β-CD and γ-CD could form inclusion complexes with BPA. A comparison of the integral area of the BPA protons with that of the CD protons showed that the molar ratio between CD and BPA was 1:1 for β-CD/BPA and 1:0.8 for γ-CD/BPA. These ratios were further confirmed by the elemental analyses data. Due to the good capability of forming inclusion complexes with BPA, both β-CD and γ-CD showed satisfactory solubilization of BPA. The water solubility of BPA, compared with that of free BPA (381 mg L −1 ), 5 was dramatically increased to approximately 7.2 × 10 3 mg L −1 and 9.0 × 10 3 mg L −1 after inclusion complexation with β-CD and γ-CD, respectively. It should be noted that the solubility of β-CD in the β-CD/BPA system (3.6 × 10 4 mg L −1 ) is higher than that of native β-CD (1.88 × 10 4 mg L −1 ), 13 which might result from the destruction of the circularly closed hydrogen-bond network in the secondary side of native β-CD by the inclusion of BPA. 14 Moreover, the solubilization effects of BPA by β- and γ-CD was also determined by using simple UV–vis absorption by the way of monitoring the optical density at the peak position of BPA. The results showed that β-CD and γ-CD could enhance the water solubility of BPA to 6.1 × 10 3 mg L −1 and 8.4 × 10 3 mg L −1 , respectively, which were basically consistent with the results gotten from the gravimetric method. 2.2 Crystal structure of the β-CD/BPA complex Figure 2 shows the crystal structure of the β-CD/BPA complex, which was triclinic system with the space group P 1. As can be seen from Figure 2 , one asymmetric unit of the β-CD/BPA complex consists of a head-to-head dimer containing two β-CDs and two BPAs. Each β-CD unit possesses an approximate 7-fold axis and maintains the round shape of the macrocycle, where every glucose residue of β-CD has a 4 C 1 chair conformation, and the seven glycosidic oxygen atoms are basically coplanar. Two β-CD units composed of a hydrophobic cage where the phenol rings (ring ‘a’ and ring ‘a′’) of two BPA molecules were completely located, and this hydrophobic cage was stabilized by the cooperative contributions of seven hydrogen bonds between the secondary hydroxyl groups of two adjacent β-CD units, the hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of BPA and the secondary hydroxyl groups of β-CD units, as well as the π–π interaction between the a and a′ rings (centroid separation 3.947 Å) of BPA molecules. It is noteworthy that, in the crystal structure of the β-CD/BPA complex, no water molecules could be found in the β-CD cavities. This was obviously distinct with the crystal structure of native β-CD, where 6.13 water molecules were included in the cavity of β-CD. 14 This indicates that the inclusion of BPA resulted in an extensive desolvation effect, which was consistent with the reported result that the complexation of β-CD with BPA gave the positive entropic change (Δ S° = 24.4 J mol −1 K −1 ) in aqueous medium. 12 In addition, the circularly closed O(2)–H⋯H–O(3) hydrogen-bond network, which existed in the secondary side of native β-CD, 14 was absent in the dimer, which may favor the solubilization of β-CD with the included BPA. Furthermore, through the hydrogen bonds between the hydroxy groups of neighboring dimers as well as the hydrogen-bond network mediated by the water molecules around the dimers, the head-to-head dimer of β-CD/BPA self-assembled as a two-dimensional layer in the x , y plane (see Fig. S1 in the Supplementary data ). Then, the two-dimensional layers were packed along z -axis to form the three-dimensional architecture by the hydrogen bonds among neighboring layers (see Figs. S2 and S3 in the Supplementary data ). 2.3 Structure of β-CD/BPA complex in solution To further investigate the structure of β-CD/BPA complex in water solution, ROESY experiments were performed at 25 °C in D 2 O. Since NOE cross-peaks between the protons that are closer than 0.4 nm in space will be observed in the ROESY spectrum, and the relative intensities of these cross-peaks depend on the spaces between the corresponding protons, the NOE correlations between the protons of BPA and the inner protons of β-CD cavity (H-3/H-5) should be determined by the ROESY spectrum when BPA is included in the β-CD cavity. 15,16 Jouini and co-workers reported a 1D 1 H NMR experiment on the β-CD/BPA complex in D 2 O. 12 Herein, we further investigated the 2D ROESY spectrum of the β-CD/BPA complex to obtain its structural information in solution. As shown in Figure 3 a, the ROESY spectrum of the β-CD/BPA complex displayed clear NOE cross-peaks between the H a protons of BPA and the H-3/H-5 protons of β-CD (peaks A and B), as well as NOE cross-peaks between the H b protons of BPA and the H-3/H-5 protons of β-CD (peaks C and D). These NOE cross-peaks indicate that the phenyl ring of BPA is deeply included in the hydrophobic cavity of β-CD. However, we could not present a reasonable single illustration to explain these observations. Considering the comparable intensity of peaks E and F (peaks E assigned to the NOE cross-peaks between the H c protons of BPA and H-3 protons of β-CD, peaks F assigned to the NOE cross-peaks between the H c protons of BPA and H-5 protons of β-CD), we deduced that the BPA molecule is included into the β-CD cavity in two different modes, as illustrated in Figure 3 b. 3 Conclusions In summary, the solubilization abilities of various CDs with BPA were assessed, and the results showed that β-CD and γ-CD significantly enhanced the water solubility of BPA by 19 and 24 times, respectively. The structure of the β-CD/BPA complex was investigated in both water and the solid state, which demonstrated that the desolvation of β-CD cavity and the destruction of the circularly closed hydrogen-bond network in the secondary side of β-CD upon the BPA inclusion led to the satisfactory solubilization of β-CD with BPA. 4 Experimental 4.1 Materials and instruments BPA was the commercially available product and was used after purification by recrystallization from toluene. The cyclomaltooligosaccharides (cyclodextrins, α-, β-, and γ-CD) were purchased from TCI and used as received. Distilled water was used for aqueous solutions. Elemental analyses were performed on a Perkin–Elmer 2400C instrument. 1 H NMR and ROESY (rotating frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy) spectra were recorded on a Varian Mercury VX300 spectrometer. UV spectra were performed on a Shimadzu UV-3600 spectrophotometer. The X-ray intensity data were collected on a Rigaku MM-007 rotating anode diffractometer equipped with a Saturn CCD Area Detector System using monochromated Mo K radiation at T = 113(2) K. Data collection and reduction were performed by the program of crystal clear . The structures were solved by using direct method and refined by full-matrix least-squares on F 2 ( crystalstructure , shelx 97). Crystal data of β-CD/BPA: C 114 H 215 O 95.50 , M = 3113.86, triclinic, space group P 1, a = 15.100(3) Å, b = 15.623(4) Å, c = 17.469(4) Å, α = 112.228(3)°, β = 96.882(2)°, γ = 104.303(2)°, V = 3590.5(14) Å 3 , Z = 1, D c = 1.440 mg/m −3 , λ (Mo Kα) = 0.71070 Å, T = 113(2) K, F (0 0 0) = 1663, μ = 0.127 mm −1 , approximate crystal dimensions 0.10 × 0.08 × 0.08 mm 3 , θ range = 1.50–25.00°, reflections collected/unique, 37 036/23 341 ( R int = 0.0336), final R indices [ I > 2 σ ( I )] R 1 = 0.0642, wR 2 = 0.1584, R indices (all data): R 1 = 0.0764, wR 2 = 0.1690, goodness of fit on F 2 = 1.068. 4.2 Preparation of the β-CD/BPA complex β-CD (0.5 g) and BPA (0.1 g) were dissolved in a little boiling water to make a supersaturated solution. Then, the solution was slowly cooled to room temperature, and the precipitate that formed was filtered to obtain the transparent crystal suitable for the X-ray crystallographic analysis. (0.41 g, yield 63%). 1 H NMR (300 MHz, D 2 O): δ 7.03 (d, 4H, J = 9.0 Hz, H b of BPA), 6.64 (d, 4H, J = 9.0 Hz, H a of BPA), 4.93–4.85 (m, 7H, H 1 of β-CD), 3.80–3.20 (m, 42H, H 2–6 of β-CD). 1.62–1.52 (s, 6H, H c of BPA). Anal. Calcd for C 42 H 70 O 35 ·C 15 H 16 O 2 ·7H 2 O: C, 45.97; H, 6.77. Found: C, 45.91; H, 6.81. Acknowledgments We thank the 973 Program (2006CB932900), NNSFC (20421202, 20673061, 20772062), and Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (No. 107026) for financial support. Supplementary data The detailed stereodrawings of the β-CD/BPA crystal. Complete crystallographic data for the structural analysis of β-CD/BPA have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, CCDC No. 680225. Copies of this information may be obtained free of charge from the Director, Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EZ, UK. (fax: +44-1223-336033, e-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or via : www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk ). Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.carres.2008.06.018 . Supplementary data Figure S1 Stereodrawing of the layer arrangement of the complex dimmer of CD/BPA in XY plane. Carbon and oxygen atoms are shown in grey and red respectively. The thin lines denote the hydrogen bonds. Figure S2 Stereodrawing of the arrangement between layers of CD/BPA complex in YZ plane. Carbon and oxygen atoms are shown in grey and red respectively. The thin lines denote the hydrogen bonds. Figure S3 Schematic drawing of layer packing structure in the crystal of CD/BPA complex. References 1 C.A. Stapher P.B. Dorn G.M. Kleka Chemosphere 36 1998 2149 2173 2 S.A. Snyder D.L. Villeneuve E.M. Snyder J.P. Giesy Environ. Sci. Technol. 35 2002 3620 3625 3 M. Ike M.Y. Chen C.S. Jin M. Fujita Environ. Toxicol. 17 2002 457 461 4 K.A. Howdeshell P.H. Peterman B.M. Judy Environ. Health Perspect. 111 2003 1180 1187 5 J.H. Li B.X. Zhou W.M. Cai J. Chem. Eng. Data 52 2007 2511 2513 6 M. Del Olmo A. Zafra A. Gonzales-Casado J. Vilchez Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 69 1998 99 110 7 G.H. Wang F. Wu X. Zhang M.D. Lu N.S. Deng J. Chem. Technol. Biot. 81 2006 805 811 8 M. Kitaoka K. Hayashi J. Incl. Phenom. Macro. 44 2002 429 431 9 H. Endo T. Nakaji-Hirabayashi S. Morokoshi M. Gemmei-Ide H. Kitano Langmuir 21 2005 1314 1321 10 N. Aoki R. Arai K. Hattori J. Incl. Phenom. Macro. 50 2004 115 120 11 H. Kitano H. Endo M. Gemmei-ide M. Kyogoku J. Incl. Phenom. Mol. Recognit. Chem. 47 2003 83 90 12 S. Chelli M. Majdoub M. Jouini S. Aeiyach F. Maurel K.I. Chane-Ching P.C. Lacaze J. Phys. Org. Chem. 20 2007 30 43 13 K.-H. Fromming J. Szejtli Cyclodextrin in Pharmacy 1994 Kluwer Dordercht, The Netherlands Chapter 1, pp 33–34 14 C. Betzel W. Saenger B.E. Hingerty G.M. Brown J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106 1984 7545 7557 15 H.J. Schneider F. Hacker V. Rüdiger H. Ikeda Chem. Rev. 98 1998 1755 1785 16 Y. Liu Y.-L. Zhao H.-Y. Zhang E.-C. Yang X.-D. Guan J. Org. Chem. 69 2004 3383 3390",
        "keywords": [
            "bisphenol a",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "single-crystal x-ray structure",
            "solubilization",
            "hydrogen bond",
            "nmr spectroscopy",
            "single crystal",
            "aqueous solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zi-Xin Yang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Carbohydrate Research",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "uhpIDxme": {
        "id": "uhpIDxme",
        "title": "Intermolecular complexation thermodynamics between water-soluble calix[4]arenes and diazacycloalkanes",
        "abstract": "Calorimetric titration experiments have been performed in pH 2.0 and 7.2 phosphate buffer solutions at 298.15 K to calculate the complex stability constants ( K S ) and thermodynamic parameters (Δ G °, Δ H °, and T Δ S °) for the stoichiometric 1:1 inclusion complexation of water-soluble calix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (CAS) and thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (TCAS) with some diazacycloalkane guests, i.e. piperazine ( 1 ), homopiperazine ( 2 ) and 1,5-diazacyclooctane ( 3 ). The results indicated that complexes of CAS and TCAS with diazacycloalkane guests were enthalpy-stabilized, and an acidic environment was more favorable to host–guest complexation than a neutral one. CAS forms more stable complexes with guest molecules than TCAS due to the more favorable enthalpic gain.",
        "keywords": [
            "microcalorimetric titration",
            "calixarene",
            "thermodynamics",
            "supramolecular chemistry",
            "stability constant",
            "phosphate buffer solution",
            "water soluble"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "En-Cui Yang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Thermochimica Acta",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "aPvtYB5Z": {
        "id": "aPvtYB5Z",
        "title": "Construction and efficient dye adsorption of supramolecular hydrogels by cyclodextrin pseudorotaxane and clay.",
        "abstract": "Supramolecular hydrogels, which are usually used to develop excellent smart soft materials, are widely applied in miscellaneous fields due to their inherent reversible properties, unique functions and mechanical properties. Compared with covalently linked hydrogels, supramolecular hydrogels have advantages of easy preparation, stimulus responsiveness and good biocompatibility. Herein, after threading amino-modified β-cyclodextrins onto poly(propyleneglycol)bis(2-amionopropylether) (PPG-NH2) chains, the resultant pseudorotaxanes non-covalently interacted with a clay nanosheet (CNS) matrix to construct supramolecular hydrogels bearing negative charges, and the mechanical properties of these hydrogels were positively correlated with the number of amino groups on the pseudorotaxane. Significantly, these hydrogels presented good adsorption properties for cationic dyes. The adsorption capacity (Qe) of the hydrogels towards rhodamine B (RhB), crystal violet (CV), and methylene blue (MB) could reach 181-228 mg g-1, and most of the dyes were adsorbed within 5 min. Thus, these hydrogels may have potential applications in the field of waste water treatment.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yi Zhang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Liang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu-Man Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Soft matter",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "igxPHbAt": {
        "id": "igxPHbAt",
        "title": "Polyanionic Cyclodextrin Induced Supramolecular Nanoparticle.",
        "abstract": "Ionizable cyclodextrins have attracted increasing attention in host-guest chemistry and pharmaceutical industry, mainly due to the introduction of favorable electrostatic interactions. The ionizable cyclodextrins could not only enhance its own solubility but also induce oppositely charged guests to form more stable complex. However, the aggregation induced by charged cyclodextrins has rarely been reported. In this work, guided by the concept of molecular-induced aggregation, a series of carboxyl modified cyclodextrins were synthesized via \"click\" and hydrolysis reaction. Then, UV-vis spectrum was used to investigate the aggregating behaviors induced by these cyclodextrins towards the cationic guest molecules. The results showed that only the hepta-carboxyl-β-cyclodextrin could induce the guest molecules to self-assemble into supramolecular spherical nanoparticles. Meanwhile, it could form stable inclusion complex with amantadine, a drug for anti-Parkinson and antiviral. The assembly behaviors were investigated by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, transmission electron microscope and NMR spectroscopy. The supramolecular nanoparticles induced by hepta-carboxyl-β-CD and its inclusion with amantadine could be used to encapsulate the model drug and achieve its controlled releasing behaviors.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "He-Lue Sun",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "EMDRrmSN": {
        "id": "EMDRrmSN",
        "title": "Photo-Controlled Coumarin-diphenylalanine / Cyclodextrin Cross-linking of 1D Nanofibers to 2D Thin Films.",
        "abstract": "Using coumarin-modified diphenylalanine (CO-FF) and gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CD) as building blocks, one-dimensional nanofibers with several nanometers in width and tens of micrometers in length were successfully constructed. Through the photo-dimerization of coumarin units in CO-FF/gamma-CD complexes, the resultant nanofibers could cross-linked to organic 2D thin films with a lateral dimension of tens of micrometers and a thickness of nanometers. The resultant thin films exhibited a sig-nificant fluorescence enhancement for twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) molecules and effective removal of pollut-ant from water through filtration. This 1D-2D morphological conversion controlled by light may provide a novel strategy to construct the highly ordered nanostructures that can be used as templates for making nano-scaled materials with defined sizes and shapes.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ni Cheng",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,#R#State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Nankai 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,#R#State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Nankai 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,#R#State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Nankai 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Jing Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,#R#State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Nankai 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry,#R#State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Nankai 300071, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "oUdAFMBY": {
        "id": "oUdAFMBY",
        "title": "Supramolecular hydrogel with tunable multi-color and white-light fluorescence from sulfato-β-cyclodextrin and aminoclay.",
        "abstract": "A multi-color-tunable supramolecular hydrogel is constructed from aminoclay (AC), sulfato-β-cyclodextrin (SCD), and 4-methyl-styrylpyridinium (SP), in which the SCD⊃SP complex emits monomer fluorescence, and AC provides a restricted environment for excimer emission. The emission color of the supramolecular hydrogel can be tuned from yellow → white → blue by adjusting the SCD/SP molar ratio.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Niu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Soft matter",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "vnfRH1qP": {
        "id": "vnfRH1qP",
        "title": "Superbenzene-bridged bis(permethyl-β-cyclodextrin) as a convenient and effective probe for trinitrophenol exploder",
        "abstract": "A novel planar C2 symmetrical superbenzene-bridged bis(permethyl-β-CD) was synthesized by grafting two permethyl-β-CD units onto a coronene core. Its self-assembly and luminescent behaviors could be smartly controlled by adjusting the polarity of the environment. Significantly, the resultant self-assembly showed specific fluorescence responses to exploders, especially 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, over various common aromatic compounds, which could be readily distinguished either in solution or on the test paper, and the detection limit of self-assembly towards 2,4,6-trinitrophenol could reach the ppb level. This finding would enable the self-assembly as a convenient and highly efficient fluorescence sensor for the detection of exploders.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Yu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Jing Li",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Chemistry C",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "iUt1hArT": {
        "id": "iUt1hArT",
        "title": "A water-soluble β-cyclodextrin derivative possessing a fullerene tether as an efficient photodriven DNA-cleavage reagent",
        "abstract": "A simple synthetic route for a water-soluble cyclodextrin–fullerene conjugate based on the Diels–Alder reaction between anthryl-cyclodextrin and fullerene has been presented. Aided by the fascinating biochemical functions of fullerene, the resultant cyclodextrin-C 60 conjugate displays a satisfactory DNA-cleavage ability under the visible-light irradiation.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "diels–alder reaction",
            "dna-cleavage",
            "fullerene",
            "fullerene. * corresponding author. tel./fax: +86 22 2350 3625",
            "e-mail: yuliu@public.tpt.tj.cn",
            "diels-alder reaction",
            "visible light",
            "water soluble"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Li Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Liang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Tetrahedron Letters",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "zmQxOc7W": {
        "id": "zmQxOc7W",
        "title": "Binding behaviors of scutellarin with <i>α</i>-, <i>β</i>-, <i>γ</i>-cyclodextrins and their derivatives",
        "abstract": "A series of cyclodextrin/scutellarin inclusion complexes were prepared from α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with scutellarin (SCU), and their inclusion complexation behaviors, such as stoichiometry, complex stability\n constants and inclusion mode, were investigated by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy, 1H NMR and 2D NMR. The results showed that the SCU could be efficiently encapsulated in the cyclodextrin cavity in aqueous\n solution to produce complexes that were more soluble than free SCU. The enhanced binding ability of cyclodextrins towards\n SCU was discussed from the viewpoint of the size/shape-fit and multiple recognition mechanism between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "scutellarincyclodextrin � inclusion complexationsupramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": "Yunnan University School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education) 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Juan Yang",
                "org": "Yunnan University School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education) 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Lin",
                "org": "Yunnan University School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education) 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry 300071 Tianjin People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry 300071 Tianjin People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "wjPoPaPy": {
        "id": "wjPoPaPy",
        "title": "A highly efficient supramolecular photoswitch for singlet oxygen generation in water.",
        "abstract": "A series of water-soluble supramolecular assemblies were constructed from dithienylethene-modified permethyl-β-cyclodextrins and porphyrin derivatives, accompanied by a high FRET efficiency, and could be applied in the control of singlet oxygen generation in a 1% ethanol aqueous solution upon irradiation of different wavelength light. These findings will provide a feasible and convenient way to construct a potential photodynamic therapy material. ",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guoxing Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiufang Xu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianjing Wu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "4JbDsSmJ": {
        "id": "4JbDsSmJ",
        "title": "Photo/chemo dual-controlled reversible morphological conversion and chiral modulation of supramolecular nanohelixes with nanosquares and nanofibers.",
        "abstract": "A photo/chemo dually interconvertible system was constructed through the supramolecular assembly of azobenzene-diphenylalanine (Azo-FF) with α-cyclodextrin. The resultant chiral nanohelix was able to interconvert into a nanosquare upon irradiation at different wavelengths, but into a nanofiber upon changing solvent polarity, which provides a feasible way to achieve highly ordered nanostructures with various morphologies, dimensions and chiralities.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wen Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu-Jie Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "cogV3mIR": {
        "id": "cogV3mIR",
        "title": "Reversible photo-gated transmembrane channel assembled from an acylhydrazone-containing crown ether triad.",
        "abstract": "We have prepared a crown ether triad containing acylhydrazone units. In solution, the triad can self-assemble linearly to form an organogel. UV light-induced E/Z isomerization of the C[double bond, length as m-dash]N bond of the acylhydrazone unit endows the assembly with photo-sensitivity. The triad was able to insert into the lipid bilayer to form a supramolecular transmembrane channel which showed transport selectivity for NH over K. The channel exhibited photo-gating properties under microscopic and macroscopic conditions. The transport of the channel could be reversibly switched off and on by irradiation with alternating 320 and 365 nm UV light as supported by the conductance measurements.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping-Ping Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China. houjl@fudan.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen Si",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China. houjl@fudan.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Li Hou",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China. houjl@fudan.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ubAYe1eO": {
        "id": "ubAYe1eO",
        "title": "2D organic-inorganic nanosheets via self-assembly of a pillar[6]arene and polyoxometalate for enhanced degradation efficiency.",
        "abstract": "Construction of 2D hybrid nanosheets was realized through a self-assembly strategy using a pillar[6]arene (P6) and polyoxometalate (POM) in water. More fascinatingly, the macrocyclic cavity of P6 could impose a restriction effect on the lamellar arrangement and significantly enhance the catalytic ability of nanosheets for dye degradation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ni Cheng",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Wu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "IkAixttX": {
        "id": "IkAixttX",
        "title": "Enzyme-responsive sulfatocyclodextrin/prodrug supramolecular assembly for controlled release of anti-cancer drug chlorambucil.",
        "abstract": "Supramolecular drug delivery systems are becoming an increasingly important part in controlled drug release. In this work, we report a novel enzyme-responsive supramolecular assembly directly constructed using biocompatible sulfato-β-cyclodextrin (SCD) and an anti-cancer prodrug, i.e. choline modified anti-cancer drug chlorambucil (QA-Cbl). The supramolecular assembly acts as an effective drug delivery system via the controlled drug loading and enzyme-responsive drug release, because the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can cleave the ester bond of QA-Cbl prodrug, resulting in the release of anti-cancer drug chlorambucil (Cbl). Compared to other sophisticated drug delivery systems, the present system provides a feasible and functional approach for achievement of controlled drug release.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinran Guan",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Wu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peiyu Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "Hmt4n2Ir": {
        "id": "Hmt4n2Ir",
        "title": "A tumor-targeting Ru/polysaccharide/protein supramolecular assembly with high photodynamic therapy ability.",
        "abstract": "Supramolecular assembly with tumor-targeting properties or photodynamic therapy (PDT) ability has recently become a focus of interest in biomaterial field because of its high therapeutic efficacy against tumor cells. Herein, we reported a new type of targeted supramolecular nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy of tumor cells constructed using adamantane-functionalized transferrin protein (Ad-TRF) and a β-cyclodextrin-functionalized ruthenium complex (Ru-HOP-CD), wherein Ad-TRFs acted as the targeted sites for tumor cells, the coordinated Ru(ii) centers acted as the PDT active sites, and the biocompatible polysaccharide β-cyclodextrins acted as the non-covalent linkers. Significantly, the resultant Ru/polysaccharide/protein exhibited not only specific targeting properties towards tumor cells but also high PDT ability under the irradiation of visible light. Furthermore, the assembly showed selective killing towards tumor cells along with negligible toxicity towards normal cells.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hong-Guang Fu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qilin Yu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "QBchKpCU": {
        "id": "QBchKpCU",
        "title": "A cucurbituril/polysaccharide/carbazole ternary supramolecular assembly for targeted cell imaging.",
        "abstract": "A carbazole derivative (G) was synthesized as a photosensitizer to complex with cucurbit[8]uril, resulting in a nanocube with emission at 662 nm for lysosome cell imaging. Furthermore, the alkyl chain on G was included by α-cyclodextrine-modified hyaluronic acid for further assembly, affording a system targeted to cancer cells.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuan Wu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qilin Yu",
                "org": "Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Qing Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "dRjAQOx0": {
        "id": "dRjAQOx0",
        "title": "Artemether/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin host–guest system: Characterization, phase-solubility and inclusion mode",
        "abstract": "Abstract An inclusion complex of the antimalarial artemether (ATM) in hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) was prepared and characterized. The phase-solubility diagram for the drug showed an increase in water solubility and gave an apparent binding constant of 220 M −1 . According to 1 H NMR and 2D NMR spectroscopy (ROESY), the inclusion mode involves two CH 3 from the drug orientated in the HPβCD cavity. The complex was characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. In addition, the complex produces a 1.81-fold enhancement in apparent bioavailability compared to artemether. Keywords Artemether Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Characterization Phase-solubility Inclusion mode 1 Introduction Malaria has a devastating effect throughout tropical regions. There are approximately 300–500 million clinical cases each year resulting in 1.5–2.7 million deaths. Nearly all fatal cases are caused by Plasmodium falciparum . 1 The problem is compounded by the spread of drug resistant strains of the parasite. As a result, traditional alkaloid drugs such as chloroquine and quinine are now largely ineffective. 2 The spread of parasite resistance has led the World Health Organization (WHO) to predict that without new antimalarial drug intervention, the number of cases of malaria will have doubled by the year 2010. 3 Artemisinin (Qinghaosu) is a sesquiterpene 1,2,4-trioxane (sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide) isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb qinghao ( Artemisia annua L.). In 1979 it was shown to be an effective antimalarial against chloroquine-resistant strains of P. falciparum . 4 This compound and its derivatives, such as artemether (ATM), dihydroartemisinin, arteether, and artesunate, are effective against both chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-sensitive strains of P. falciparum , as well as against cerebral malaria. 5,6 Most countries where malaria is endemic have adopted the WHO recommendation of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) for fast and reliable malaria treatment. 7 However, artemisinin’s poor solubility in both oil and water, and hydrolytic instability of the lactone function, have led scientists to prepare a series of semisynthetic first generation analogues, such as ATM ( Chart 1 ). 8 Although ATM is a potent antimalarial, poor bioavailability and rapid clearance are observed with it and the other derivatives in both human and animal models. 9 Cyclodextrins (CDs) are truncated-cone polysaccharides mainly composed of six to eight d -glucose monomers linked by α-1,4-glucose bonds. They have a hydrophobic central cavity and hydrophilic outer surface and can encapsulate model substrates to form host–guest complexes or supramolecular species. This usually enhances drug solubility in aqueous solution and affects the chemical characteristics of the encapsulated drug. 10–13 Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD, Chart 2 ) is a hydroxyalkylated βCD derivative that combines relatively high water solubility with low toxicity and satisfactory inclusion ability. 14,15 Several commercial formulations are composed of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, illustrating the usefulness of this approach. 16–19 The latest research indicates that HPβCD complexation with dihydroartemisinin increases dihydroartemisinin solubility and stability. 20 In this work we studied the formation of an inclusion complex of ATM with HPβCD. We utilized phase-solubility techniques, molecular modeling by 1 H NMR and 2D NMR spectroscopy (Rotating-frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy, ROESY) and characterized the complex by Powder X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. We focused on the binding behaviors of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with ATM and the solubilization effect of HPβCD toward ATM, as these may provide a useful approach to produce novel ATM formulations with high bioavailability. 2 Results and discussion 2.1 Phase-solubility The phase-solubility diagram of the HPβCD/ATM system ( Fig. 1 ) showed drug solubility increased linearly with increasing HPβCD concentration. This diagram can be classified as A L type according to the model proposed by Higuchi and Connors. 21 It can be related to the formation of a soluble inclusion complex. The apparent stability constant ( K 1:1 ), was calculated from the linear fit of the curve according to the following equation: K 1 : 1 = Slope S 0 ( 1 - Slope ) where Slope is the value found in the linear regression and So is the aqueous solubility of the drug at pH 7 ( So = 140 mg/l) in the absence of HPβCD, determined using HPLC by Hu. 22 This gave a K 1:1 of 220 ± 25 M −1 at 25 °C, suggesting a favorable interaction occurs as in general drug-CD association constants are reported in the range 50–2000 M −1 . 23 2.2 Inclusion mode In order to explore the possible inclusion mode of the HPβCD/ATM complex, we compared the 1 H NMR spectra of HPβCD in the absence and presence of ATM ( Fig. 2 ). The 1 H resonances of HPβCD were assigned according to the reported method. 24,25 As illustrated in Figure 2 , the majority of ATM chemical shifts were between δ 0.5 and 3 ppm and distinct from those of the HPβCD protons. After inclusion complexation with ATM, the H-3 proton of HPβCD shifted 0.010 ppm and the H-5 proton of HPβCD shifted 0.002 ppm ( Table 1 ). Both H-3 and H-5 protons are located in the interior of the CD cavity, with H-3 protons near the wide side of cavity and H-5 protons near the narrow side. These results may indicate that ATM should be included in the HPβCD cavity from the wide side. Two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectroscopy provides important information about the spatial proximity between host and guest atoms by observation of intermolecular dipolar cross-correlations. Two protons closely located in space can produce a nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) cross-correlation in NOE spectroscopy (NOESY) or ROESY. The presence of NOE cross-peaks between protons from two species indicates spatial contacts within 0.4 nm. 26 To gain more conformational information, we obtained 2D ROESY of the inclusion complex of ATM with HPβCD ( Fig. 3 ), including a partial contour plot ( Fig. 3 , inset). The ROESY spectrum of the HPβCD/ATM complex shows appreciable correlation of H-13 and H-14 protons of ATM with H-3 protons of HPβCD. No correlation is observed between H-5 and H-15 protons of ATM and H-5 or H-3 protons of the cyclodextrin. These results indicate that the CH 3 of the A and B rings of ATM are included in the HPβCD cavity. In combination with the 1:1 inclusion stoichiometry observed in the phase-solubility diagram, a possible inclusion mode for the HPβCD/ATM complex is proposed ( Fig. 4 ). 2.3 X-ray diffraction of the inclusion complex Powder XRD patterns allow examination of the medium and long range ordering of materials. 26 In contrast to the amorphous character of HPβCD ( Fig. 5 a), free ATM is a crystalline solid ( Fig. 5 b). The XRD pattern of the physical mixture confirmed the presence of both species as isolated solids, as the diffractogram showed both ATM peaks and the amorphous halo of HPβCD ( Fig. 5 c). The lyophilized inclusion complex has an amorphous structure ( Fig. 5 d), probably due to both the structure of HPβCD and the lyophilization process; this is evidence of the absence of ATM crystalline particles. 2.4 Thermal analysis of the inclusion complex The thermal properties of the HPβCD/ATM complex were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Analysis of the TG curves showed that ATM decomposes at ca. 170 °C ( Fig. 6 a) and HPβCD at ca. 360 °C ( Fig. 6 b). However, their inclusion complex had different thermal stability, with a decomposition temperature of ca. 365 °C ( Fig. 6 d). In contrast, the physical mixture of HPβCD and ATM apparently contains only the free species, as indicated by decomposition temperatures due to ATM at 170 °C and HPβCD at 360 °C ( Fig. 6 c). These results indicate that ATM’s usual thermal properties were altered after inclusion complexation. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram provides further information about the thermal properties of the HPβCD/ATM complex. The DSC curve of ATM displays an exothermic peak at 170 °C ( Fig. 7 a). In contrast, the DSC curve of pure HPβCD shows endothermic peaks at 80 and 360 °C ( Fig. 7 b), indicating HPβCD loses water at temperatures slightly above 80 °C and decomposes above 360 °C. The physical mixture of HPβCD and ATM apparently contains only the free species ( Fig. 7 c). However, in the DSC curve of the HPβCD/ATM complex, the exothermic peak at about 170 °C corresponding to the free ATM disappears, while two new endothermic peaks appear at 80 and 365 °C ( Fig. 7 d). This suggests that the HPβCD/ATM complex is more stable than ATM. We propose that this result may be related to the complexation of HPβCD with ATM. 2.5 Bioavailability studies in the rats The plasma concentration–time profiles of artemether are shown in Figure 8 . The mean pharmacokinetic parameters derived from a non-compartmental analysis are presented in Table 2 . Pharmacokinetic parameters obtained after parenteral administration of artemether suspension ( n = 6) show a constant of C max of 218.78 μg/ml, T max of 89.32 min, and a AUC 0–480 of 62038.65 μg min/ml. C max of the complex (490.22 μg/ml) is higher than that of the suspension. This difference may be due to fast dissolution and absorption of the complex in the solution, a rapid and quantitative breakdown to yield high circulating concentrations once absorbed. On the other hand, T max is significantly lower for the complex (29.52 min) in comparison to the artemether suspension. There is some difference between the AUC of complex (112137.89 μg min/ml) and the suspension. The apparent bioavailability of artemether following complex administration was found to be 181% compared to the artemether suspension. Thus, the results above indicated that complex had a much higher rate and extent of bioavailability compared to artmether suspension. 3 Conclusion In summary, the complexation behavior, characterization and bioavailability of an inclusion complex of ATM with HPβCD were investigated. Results showed that HPβCD could enhance the watersolubility and bioavailability of ATM. Considering the lack of ATM applications, the complex could prove useful in the design of novel medicinal ATM formulations. 4 Experimental 4.1 Materials ATM (FW = 298, PC >99%) was obtained from Kunming Pharmaceutical Corporation (Yunnan Province, P R China). Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (average FW = 1380) was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Corporation (Shanghai, P R China) and used as received. Other reagents and chemicals were of analytical reagent grade. All experiments were carried out using ultrapure water. 4.2 HPLC assay An Agilent 1100 HPLC system was used to determine the amount of ATM. The Agilent HPLC system was equipped with G1311A pump and controller, G1315B UV absorption detector, and G1313A autosampler. A Lichrospher C 18 HPLC column (Hanbon, 5 μm, 150 mm × 4.6 mm, CHA) was used for separation and the mobile phase was water–acetonitrile (40:60, v/v). The injection volume was 20 μl and the effluent with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min was monitored at an absorption wavelength of 210 nm. 4.3 Preparation of inclusion complexes The inclusion complex was prepared by the suspension method. 27 This involved mixing of ATM and HPβCD in a 1:1 molar proportion with stirring at room temperature for 48 h protected from light to prevent degradation. The solid residue was then separated by centrifugation at 15,000 rpm for 15 min and the upper liquid layer was filtered over a 0.45 μm Millipore membrane. The solution was then dried by lyophilization and the resulting solid inclusion complex collected. A physical mixture, to test for possible inclusion, was prepared by grinding together a 1:1 molar mixture of HPβCD and ATM for 5 min with a small amount of water (the minimum amount to form a slurry) in an agate mortar. 4.4 Phase-solubility diagram The phase-solubility diagram was studied according to the method proposed by Higuchi and Connors. 21 A series of HPβCD solutions were prepared with increasing concentrations: 0.01–0.25 M. A constant mass of ATM, in fivefold molar excess relative to the highest concentration HPβCD solution, was added to each solution and the suspensions stirred for 48 h in the dark. Following this, all suspensions were centrifuged and the supernatants were filtered over 0.45 μm Millipore membranes and analyzed by HPLC. This experiment was repeated three times. 4.5 Characterization of the complexes 1 H NMR spectra for HPβCD and ATM were obtained on a Bruker Avance DRX500 spectrometer at 298 K in D 2 O and CDCl 3 , respectively. ROESY experiments were run on a Bruker Avance DRX500 instrument. Samples were equilibrated for at least 24 h before measurement. All 2D NMR experiments were carried out in D 2 O. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) was measured in a D/max-3B diffractometer using Cu-κα ( k = 1,5460 A°) with 30 mA, 40 kV, and a scanning rate of 5°/min. Powder samples were mounted on a sample holder and scanned with a step size of 2 θ = 0.02° between 2 θ = 3° and 70°. Thermal analyses (TG and DSC) were recorded using a NETZSCH STA449F 3 instrument, with a 10 °C/min heating rate from room temperature to 500 °C and under N 2 flow (100 ml/min). 4.6 Bioavailability studies in the rats Bioavailability studies in the rats were performed according to the reported method. 28 Formulation preparation: artemether (60 mg) were suspended in 10 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.5% of sodium methylcellulose; Oral solution was prepared by dissolving 2460 mg of artemether/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex in 10 ml of ddwater to make a concentration 6 mg/ml of artemether. Rat experiment: Male Sprague–Dawley rats (weight range 280–300 g), after fasting overnight, were randomly treatmented the oral solution of artemether complex and artemether suspension ( n = 6). The dosages were all 10.8 mg/day kg. Before blood sampling, the animals were anesthetized with diethyl ether. Blood samples of 0.4 ml were taken from the ophthalmic venus plexus and put into heparinized tubes at 12, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330, 360, 4200 and 4800 min after administration. The blood was immediately centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min and 200 μl of plasma was quickly removed and stored at −20 °C until HPLC analyses. Treatment of plasma samples: A 200 μl portion of plasma was added 50 μl 1% phosphoric acid solution and was vortexed for 3 min and kept for 5 min. Methanol (0.4 ml) was added and the mixture was vortexed for 3 min, then was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min. The organic phase was transferred into new tubes and the contents evaporated to dryness under a stream of air at approximately 40 °C. The dried extracts were reconstituted with 150 μl of mobile phase solution, vortexed at high speed for 3 min, and centrifuged again at 12,000 rpm for 10 min. The entire volume of the reconstituted material (150 μl) was transferred to autosampler vials and 50 μl (sample volume) was injected onto the HPLC. Pharmacokinetics and statistical analysis: The plasma concentration–time data of artemether were fitted by 3P87 Pharmacokinetics Program (The Section of Mathematical Pharmacology of Chinese Mathematical Pharmacological Society) and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The area under the concentration–time curve (AUC 0– t ) was determined with trapezium method. C max and T max were determined through the observation of individual animal concentration versus time curses. The apparent bioavailability ( F app ) of the artemether following administration of the complex was calculated by dividing the artemether AUC following complex dosing by that from suspension dosing. Statistical significance was indicated with P <0.01. Acknowledgments Support for this work from the Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry of Nankai University (0704 and 0815) and NSFC 30860342 are gratefully acknowledged, and we thank Zhao-Xiang Yang at Kunming Pharmaceutical Corporation, for his help on the bioavailability studies in the rats. References and notes 1 H. Jomaa J. Wiesner S. Sanderbrand B. Altincicek C. Weidemeyer M. Hintz I. Tübachova M. Eberl J. Zeider H.K. Liechtenthaler D. Soldati E. Beck Science 285 1999 1573 2 P.M. O’Neill M. Pugh A.V. Stachulski S.A. Ward J. Davies B.K. Park J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 2001 2682 3 M. Foley L. Tilley Int. J. Parasitol. 27 1997 213 4 D. Klayman Science 228 1985 1049 5 WHO. In The Use of Artemisinin and its Derivatives as Anti-malarial Drugs. Report of a Joint CTD/DMP/TDR Informal Consultation, World Health Organization: Geneva, 1998. 6 G.A. Bailint Pharma. Therap. 90 2001 261 7 WHO. In Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria , World Health Organization: Switzerland, 2006. 8 J.K. Baker R.H. Yarber C.D. Hufford S. ILee H.N. Elsohly J.D. McChesney Biomed. Environ. Mass Spectrom. 18 1988 337 9 J.L. Maggs L.P.D. Bishop G. Edwards P.M. O’Neill S.A. Ward P.A. Winstanley B.K. Park Drug Metab. Dispos. 28 2000 209 10 J. Szejtli Cyclodextrin Technology 1988 Kluwer Academic Dordrecht 11 K. Uekama F. Hirayama T. Irie Chem. Rev. 98 1998 2045 12 T. Loftsson T. Järvinen Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 36 1999 59 13 T. Loftsson M.E. Brewster J. Pharm. Sci. 85 1996 1017 14 S. Gould R.C. Scott Food Chem. Toxicol. 43 2005 1451 15 G. Castronuovo M. Niccoli Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14 2006 3883 16 M.E. Brewster T. Loftsson Pharmazie 57 2002 94 17 D. Duchene D. Wouessidjewe G. Poncel J. Controlled Release 62 1999 263 18 T. Irie K. Uekama J. Pharm. Sci. 86 1997 147 19 M.E. Davis M.E. Brewster Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 3 2004 1023 20 M.T. Ansari I. Iqbal V.B. Sunderland Arch. Pharm. Res. 32 2009 155 21 T. Higuchi K.A. Connors Adv. Anal. Chem. Instrum. 4 1965 117 22 H.-Y. Hu Z.-R. Zhang HECHENG HUAXUE 7 1999 334 23 T. Loftsson D. Hreinsdóttir M. Masson Int. J. Pharm. 302 2005 18 24 Y. Liu C.-S. Chen Y. Chen J. Lin Bioorg. Med. Chem. 13 2005 4037 25 M.V.G. de Araújo E.K.B. Vieira G.S. Lázaro L.S. Conegero L.E. Almeida L.S. Barreto N.B. da Costa I.F. Gimeneza Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16 2008 5788 26 I. Correia N. Bezzenine N. Ronzani N. Platzer J.-C. Beloeil B.-T. Doan J. Phys. Org. Chem. 15 2002 647 27 M.V.G. Araujo E.K.B. Vieira G.S. Lazaro L.S. Conegero O.P. Ferreira L.E. Almeida L.S. Barreto N.B. Costa Jr. I.F. Gimenez Bioorg. Med. Chem. 15 2007 5752 28 F. Cao J.-X. Guo Q.-N. Ping Z.-G. Liao Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 29 2006 385",
        "keywords": [
            "artemether hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin characterization phase-solubility inclusion mode",
            "thermal analysis",
            "water soluble",
            "nmr spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "8aIgyDoM": {
        "id": "8aIgyDoM",
        "title": "Efficient fluorescent sensors of oligopeptides by dithiobis(2-benzoylamide)-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s: structure in solution, binding behavior, and thermodynamic origin",
        "abstract": "Two 6,6′-bis(β-cyclodextrin)s linked by 2,2′-dithiobis[2-(benzoylamino)ethyleneamino] and 2,2′-dithiobis[2-(benzoylamino)diethylenetriamino] bridges ( 1 and 2 ) have been synthesized as cooperative multipoint recognition receptor models for non-aromatic oligopeptides. Their structures in solution and inclusion complexation mechanism are comprehensively investigated by means of circular dichroism, 2D NMR spectra and temperature-dependent fluorescence titrations. The results show that the cooperative ‘host-linker-guest’ binding mode and the extensive desolvation effect jointly contribute to the guest-induced fluorescence enhancement of bis(β-cyclodextrin)s. Further examinations on the binding behavior of hosts 1 – 2 with a series of di- and tri-peptides demonstrate that bis(β-cyclodextrin) 1 can recognize not only the size/shape of oligopeptides but also the dipeptide sequence, giving an exciting residue selectivity up to 37.5 for Gly-Gly-Gly/Glu-Glu pair and a high sequence selectivity up to 5.0 for Gly-Leu/Leu-Gly pair. These fairly good selectivities are discussed from the viewpoint of cooperative binding, multiple recognition and induced-fit interactions between host and guest.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "oligopeptide",
            "fluorescence",
            "binding behavior",
            "induced fit",
            "circular dichroism",
            "thermodynamics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China. yuliu@public.tpt.tj.cn"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Wei Yang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "8ePEQ1cr": {
        "id": "8ePEQ1cr",
        "title": "Quinolinotriazole-β-cyclodextrin and its adamantanecarboxylic acid complex as efficient water-soluble fluorescent Cd2+ sensors",
        "abstract": "Abstract A novel β-cyclodextrin derivative 1 bearing 8-hydroxyquinolino and triazole groups was synthesized in satisfactory yield by ‘click chemistry’. With a good water solubility up to 0.03 mol/L, 1 exhibited an effective switch-on fluorescence response to Cd 2+ over other common metal ions under physiological conditions. Studies on the recognition mechanism indicated that the cooperative coordination of Cd 2+ with both the 8-hydroxyquinolino moiety excluded from the β-CD cavity and the triazole moiety was a crucial and basic factor to achieve the fluorescent sensing process. Significantly, spectrophotometric studies also demonstrated that, after inclusion complexation with 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid sodium salt (AdCA), the resultant 1 /AdCA system gave a more effective fluorescent sensing to Cd 2+ through a cyclodextrin/substrate/Cd 2+ triple binding mode. Keywords Cyclodextrin Cadmium Fluorescence sensing Supramolecular chemistry 1 Introduction Detecting transition- or heavy-metal ions is of great interest to many chemists, biologists and environmentalists, mostly because these ions play important roles in living systems or have extremely toxic impact on organisms and environment. 1 Among the numerous analytical methods that are available for the detection of cations, the ones based on fluorescent sensors have been intensively studied due to their distinct advantages in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, instantaneous response, and local observation. As a result, many considerable efforts have been devoted to the development of fluorescent chemosensors and the analysis of these ions, 2 such as Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Hg 2+ . Since cadmium can produce a wide variety of acute and chronic effects in humans and accumulate in kidney, liver, pancreas, testes, and lung, 3 there is a great need for the design and synthesis of fluorescent sensors that can detect and monitor Cd 2+ under physiological condition efficiently. However, most of the Cd 2+ recognitions were carried out in non-aqueous media or water/organic mixtures, 4 and few examples of water-soluble fluorescence sensors for Cd 2+ have been reported in the past few years. On the other hand, cyclodextrins (CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides with 6–8 d -glucose units linked by α -1,4-glucose bonds, are well known to encapsulate various organic guests within their hydrophobic cavities and widely used as drug carriers and solubilizers. 5 Recently, we performed some investigations on the fluorescence sensing of Zn 2+ and Hg 2+ and their applications in the cell straining. 6 Herein, we wish to report a novel highly water-soluble β-CD derivative 1 modified by both 8-hydroxyquinolino and triazole moieties and its efficient fluorescence sensing towards Cd 2+ . Significantly, owing to the strong association of β-CD cavity with adamantanyl skeleton, 1 could form the stable inclusion complex with 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid sodium salt (AdCA), which exhibited the stronger binding affinity, better sensing ability and the lower limit of detection (LOD value) to Cd 2+ than 1 . 2 Results and discussion 2.1 Synthesis The synthetic route of 1 was described in Scheme 1 . The reaction between 8-hydroxyquinoline and propargyl bromide under a basic condition afforded 8-propargyloxyquinoline ( 5 ) in 70% yield. Then, 5 underwent a ‘click chemistry’ reaction with mono(6-deoxy-6-azido)-β-CD 7 in THF/H 2 O to yield 1 in 72% yield. Benefiting from the good solubilization ability of β-CD unit, 1 showed a satisfactory solubility up to 0.03 M in water. Furthermore, in order to demonstrate the role of 8-hydroxyquinolino and triazole moieties clearly, two compounds 2 and 3 were synthesized as references (see Supplementary data ). 2.2 Determination of p K a Since fluorescent probes based on the electron donor/acceptor are very sensitive to the pH value in the detection of metal ions, it is necessary to consider the pH effect and determine an optimal sensing condition. The emission peak of 1 was observed at 485 nm at pH 1.13 and showed a gradual hypsochromic shift to 472 nm with decreasing the acid concentration, accompanied by the appearance of a shoulder peak around 416 nm. However, no dramatic change was observed under alkaline conditions ( Fig. S1, Supplementary data ). Through a plot of fluorescence intensity versus pH values ( Fig. 1 ), 8 the p K a value of 1 could be calculated to be 4.09 by analyzing the fluorescence changes at different pH resulted from the protonation/deprotonation of nitrogen atom of quinolino ring. 9 This result indicated that 1 would not be protonated at a neutral environment, which will be favorable to its coordination with Cd 2+ under physiological conditions. 2.3 Fluorescence sensing of 1 The fluorescence sensing measurements of 1 towards Cd 2+ were carried out in HEPES buffer solution (10 mM, pH 7.2). As seen in Figure 2 , with the stepwise addition of Cd 2+ to a solution of 1 , the fluorescence emission intensity of 1 at 418 nm was gradually increased. The possible mechanism for the enhanced fluorescence may be explained as follows. Before coordinated with Cd 2+ , 1 gave the weak fluorescence because of the lone electron pairs of the N atom in the 1,2,3-triazole moiety being located close to the 8-hydroxyquinolino fluorophores, which resulted in an intramolecular photo-induced electron transfer (PET). The deexcitation of the tautomer occurred mainly via a nonradiative pathway. When 1 was coordinated with Cd 2+ , the nonradiative channel was blocked synchronously, and thus the 1 /Cd 2+ system exhibited the enhanced fluorescence. Moreover, the Job’s plot was also performed to explore the coordination stoichiometry between 1 and Cd 2+ in aqueous buffer solution, which showed a maximum peak at a molar fraction of 0.5, corresponding to a 1:1 1 /Cd 2+ stoichiometry ( Fig. S2, Supplementary data ). After validating the 1:1 binding stoichiometry, the binding constant (log K s ) between 1 and Cd 2+ was calculated to be 2.10 ± 0.23 by analyzing the sequential changes in fluorescence intensity (Δ F ) of 1 at varying concentrations of Cd 2+ using a nonlinear least-squares curve-fitting method 10 ( Fig. 1 , inset). Additionally, the limit of detection (LOD value) of 1 towards Cd 2+ was calculated to be 1.89 × 10 −3 M by multiplying the standard derivation of 11 blank measurements by 3 and dividing by the slope of the linear calibration curve in lower concentration. 4c The fluorescence sensing selectivity of 1 for Cd 2+ was investigated by comparing the fluorescence responses of 1 towards various metal ions. Herein, the effect of different metal ions was tested by monitoring the fluorescence intensity changes of 1 at 417 nm. As seen in Figure 3 , the fluorescence of 1 showed a 1.7-fold enhancement to Cd 2+ , while its IIB homologue Zn 2+ only gave a 0.8-fold enhancement under the same conditions. In addition, the fluorescence of 1 showed no appreciable changes or slight quenches with the addition of various metal ions including Li + , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ , Co 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ag + , Hg 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Pb 2+ . The selectivity of 1 to Cd 2+ should be attributed to the semirigid structure formed by the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of quinoline and triazole ring in 1 , which well fitted the ionic radius of Cd 2+ and limited the geometric structure of the 1 /Cd 2+ complex. 4c,11 In addition, the effect of chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) during the chelation of 1 with Cd 2+ by both the 8-hydroxyquinolinyl group and 1,2,3-triazole ring may also contributed to the selectivity of 1 to Cd 2+ . 12 2.4 Fluorescence sensing of 1 /AdCA Possessing a free β-CD cavity, 1 also had a capability of binding the guest molecules. In a preliminary report, we have shown that the association of a fluorescent quilino-β-CD with 1-adamantaneacetic acid led to an improved fluorescence sensing ability for Zn 2+ . 13 Herein, the similar phenomenon was also observed, that is, the fluorescence sensing ability and selectivity of 1 towards Cd 2+ significantly enhanced after its inclusion complexation with AdCA. As shown in Figure 4 , the fluorescence of 1 showed an 11.6-fold enhancement to Cd 2+ , which was seven times higher than the corresponding value without AdCA, in the presence of 200 equiv of AdCA. Moreover, although the fluorescence of 1 was strongly quenched by Fe 3+ or Cu 2+ under our experimental condition, the influence of Fe 3+ or Cu 2+ to the fluorescence sensing of 1 /AdCA system was negligible, because Fe 3+ or Cu 2+ would precipitate from the solution in the presence of AdCA. Simultaneously, a much lower LOD value for Cd 2+ was also obtained as 9.07 × 10 −6 M by the 1 /AdCA system. 2.5 Binding mode To explore the possible binding modes of 1 and 1 /AdCA with Cd 2+ , 1 H NMR and two-dimensional ROESY spectra were measured in D 2 O. As shown in Figure 5 , the 1 H NMR signals for the protons of both 8-hydroxyquinolino and triazole moieties of 1 showed the downfield shifts in the presence of Cd 2+ . This phenomenon may be attributed to the electron shielding effect of Cd 2+ on protons in its proximity. Therefore, we deduced that the quinolino and triazole moieties of 1 jointly coordinated with Cd 2+ to form the 1 /Cd 2+ complex as illustrated in Scheme 2 , which prevented the intramolecular PET between the lone electron pairs of the N atom in the 1,2,3-triazole moiety and the 8-hydroxyquinolino moiety and thus led to the enhanced fluorescence of 1 /Cd 2+ system. Lacking the 1,2,3-triazole (or 8-hydroxyquinolino moiety), the reference compound 2 (or 3 ) showed no appreciable fluorescence changes to Cd 2+ . This phenomenon also confirmed that the cooperative coordination of the triazole moiety and the 8-hydroxyquinolino moiety played a crucial role in the fluorescence sensing of Cd 2+ . Superior to 1 , the 1 /AdCA system possessed three possible binding sites for Cd 2+ ; that is the 1,2,3-triazole moiety, the 8-hydroxyquinolino moiety and the AdCA moiety. The ROESY spectrum of 1 /AdCA ( Fig. S3, Supplementary data ) showed the clear NOE correlations between the AdCA protons and the interior protons (H3/H5/H6) of β-CD cavity. Moreover, it could also be observed that the AdCA protons showed the stronger NOE correlations with the H5/H6 protons than with H3 protons. Because the H5/H6 protons were located near the narrow opening of β-CD cavity, while the H3 protons were located near the wide opening, these NOE correlations indicated that AdCA was included in the β-CD cavity and located near the narrow opening, like the conformation of the reported quilino-β-CD/1-adamantaneacetic acid system. 13 By analyzing the sequential changes of chemical shifts of AdCA that occurred with changes in host concentration using a nonlinear least-squares curve-fitting method, the binding constant (log K s ) between 1 and AdCA can be calculated to be 5.55 ± 0.03 due to the good size fitting between β-CD cavity and adamantane derivatives ( Fig. S4, Supplementary data ). 14,15 Through a calculation based on the binding constant between 1 and AdCA as well as the concentrations of host and guest, more than 99% of 1 should be converted to 1 /AdCA complex under our experimental conditions. Moreover, the carboxylate group of AdCA should be deprotonated and exist as a carboxylate anion under our experimental conditions. Therefore, we can deduce a possible binding mode of 1 /AdCA with Cd 2+ as illustrated in Scheme 2 . Besides the 1,2,3-triazole and the 8-hydroxyquinolino moiety, the anionic carboxylate group, which was expected to pointed to the coordinated Cd 2+ attributed to the electrostatic attraction between Cd 2+ and carboxylate anion, also actively participate in the cooperative binding of Cd 2+ . Using the similar fluorescence titration method, the binding constant (log K s ) between 1 /AdCA and Cd 2+ was calculated to be 3.38 ± 0.09 ( Figure 6 ). Comparatively, 1 /AdCA also showed the fluorescence sensing ability to Zn 2+ . That is, 1 /AdCA/Zn 2+ system gave a peak at 422 nm under the same condition, but its intensity was weaker than that of 1 /AdCA/Cd 2+ system, and the corresponding log K s between 1 /AdCA and Zn 2+ was calculated as 3.13 ± 0.02 (see the Supplementary data, Fig. S6 ). This result indicated that the sensing ability of 1 /AdCA towards Cd 2+ was stronger than that towards Zn 2+ . In order to support the triple binding mode of 1 /AdCA with Cd 2+ , some control experiments were performed. Under the same conditions, no appreciable fluorescence responses towards Cd 2+ could be observed by 2 /AdCA or 3 /AdCA system. These results, along with the much smaller fluorescence enhancement factor of 1 alone (Δ F / F 0 = 1.7) to Cd 2+ , unambiguously demonstrated that joint contribution of 8-hydroxyquinolino, triazole and the accommodated AdCA moiety to the more effective fluorescent sensing of 1 /AdCA system. It was noteworthy that this switch-on sensing process could be readily distinguished by not only fluorescence spectroscopy but also naked eyes. As shown in Scheme 2 (b), 1 (2.0 × 10 −5 M) alone only exhibited a weak green fluorescence, but gave a strong green–blue fluorescence in the presence of Cd 2+ (2.0 × 10 −3 M). Surprisingly, 1 /Cd 2+ system gave a much stronger fluorescence upon the addition of AdCA (4.0 × 10 −3 M) due to the formation of the cyclodextrin/substrate/metal ions complexes. In addition, the fluorescent titration of 1 /Cd 2+ system upon addition of AdCA was also carried out to investigate the minimum value of AdCA in our case. The result showed that, within the AdCA concentration range of 0.18–4.0 × 10 −3 M, the fluorescent intensity of 1 /Cd 2+ reached a plateau ( Fig. S5 ). 3 Conclusion In summary, a water-soluble fluorescent Cd 2+ sensor 1 was synthesized by Huisgen [2+3] cycloadditions reaction and fully characterized. Studies on the binding modes between sensor 1 and Cd 2+ indicated that the cooperative coordination of 8-hydroxyquinolino and triazole moieties led to the fluorescence sensing towards Cd 2+ . After associating AdCA, the resultant 1 /AdCA system could be used as a more effective switch-on fluorescence sensor for Cd 2+ , showing the stronger binding affinity, the better sensing ability as well as the lower LOD value than 1 in aqueous solutions. Considering its convenience in preparation, satisfactory water solubility and high sensing ability towards Cd 2+ , 1 and its AdCA complex are expected to have the potential application in physiological fields or environmental monitoring and surveillance. 4 Experimental section 4.1 General All the chemicals were used as reagent grade unless noted. β-CD was recrystallized twice from water and dried in vacuo at 90 °C for 24 h. Mono[6- O -(p-toluenesulfonyl)]-β-CD ( 7 ), 16 mono-6-deoxy-6-(8-oxymethylquinolino)-β-CD ( 2 ), 17 and mono-6-deoxyl-6-azido-β-CD ( 8 ) 7 were prepared according to the reported methods. Crude DMF was stirring in CaH 2 for three days and then distilled under reduced pressure prior to use. Elemental analyses were performed on a Perkin–Elmer-2400C instrument. NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker AV300 and Varain Mercury Plus 400 instruments. The fluorescence experiments were recorded in a conventional quartz cell (10 mm × 10 mm × 45 mm) on an Edinburgh Analytical Instruments FL900CD spectrometer or a VARIAN CARY Eclipse spectrometer at 25 °C. 4.2 Synthesis of mono-6-deoxy-6-{4-(8-oxymethylquinolino)[1,2,3]triazolyl}-β-CD ( 1 ) A solution of 5 (330 mg, 1.80 mmol) in 15 mL of THF was added to a solution of CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O (600 mg, 2.40 mmol) and 8 (1.39 g, 1.20 mmol) in 35 mL of water. The mixture was kept at 50 °C for 10 min, and then sodium ascorbate (1.42 g, 7.20 mmol) was added. The color of the mixture turned orange immediately and then was heated at 50 °C under an atmosphere of N 2 overnight. After cooled to room temperature, insoluble precipitates were removed by filtration, and the filtrate was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in a small amount of water, and washed with 300 mL of acetone for at least three times. After separation by column chromatography (silica gel) using n -PrOH/H 2 O/25% NH 3 ·H 2 O (6:3:1, v:v:v) as eluent, 1 was obtained as a pale yellow solid in 72% yield ( R f = 0.4). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, D 2 O, ppm), δ 3.34–4.23 (m, 42 H, H of C-3, C-5, C-6, C-2, C-4 of β-CD), 4.87–4.94 (m, 7H, H of C-1 of β-CD), 5.38–5.44 (m, 2H, –C H 2 –), 7.28–7.32 (m, 1H, H of quinoline), 7.39–7.61 (m, 3H, H of quinoline), 8.02 (s, 1H, H of triazole), 8.24 (d, 1H, H of quinoline), 8.70 (d, 1H, H of quinoline). Anal. Calcd for C 54 H 78 N 4 O 35 : C, 48.29; H, 5.85; N, 4.17. Found: C, 48.11; H, 5.80; N, 4.15. ESI-MS: 1343 [M+H] + . Acknowledgments We thank 973 Program ( 2006CB932900 ), NNSFC ( 20932004 , 20721062 , and 20772062 ), Tianjin Natural Science Foundation ( 07QTPTJC29600 ) and Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (No 107026 ) for financial support. Supplementary data Detailed synthesis and characterization, fluorescence emission spectra of 1 as a function of pH, Job’s plot of 1 and Cd 2+ , 2D ROESY spectra of 1 /AdCA/Cd 2+ systems, NMR titration of 1 /AdCA system, the fluorescent spectra changes of 1 /Cd 2+ upon addition of AdCA, and the fluorescent titration and the K s value of 1 /AdCA/Zn 2+ system. Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.024 . Supplementary data Supplementary data Detailed synthesis and characterization, fluorescence emission spectra of 1 as a function of pH, Job’s plot of 1 and Cd 2+ , 2D ROESY spectra of 1 /AdCA/Cd 2+ systems, NMR titration of 1 /AdCA system, the fluorescent spectra changes of 1 /Cd 2+ upon addition of AdCA, and the fluorescent titration and the K s value of 1 /AdCA/Zn 2+ system. References and notes 1 (a) B. Valeur I. Leray Coord. Chem. Rev. 205 2000 3 (b) P. Jiang Z. Guo Coord. Chem. Rev. 248 2004 205 (c) A.P. de Silva H.Q.N. Gunaratne T. Gunnlaugsson A.J.M. Huxley C.P. McCoy J.T. Rademacher T.E. Rice Chem. Rev. 97 1997 1515 (d) A.W. Czarnik (Ed.), Fluorescent Chemosensors for Ion and Molecule Recognition, ACS Symposium Series 538, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1993. 2 (a) Some representative examples in chemosensors: E.M. Nolan J.W. Ryu J. Jaworski R.P. Feazell M. Sheng S.J. Lippard J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 2006 15517 (b) A.F. Danil de Namor I. Abbas H.H. Hammud J. Phys. Chem. B 111 2007 3098 (c) A. Coskun M.D. Yilmaz E.U. Akkaya Org. Lett. 9 2007 607 (d) E.M. Nolan S.J. Lippard J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129 2007 5910 (e) J.S. Lee M.S. Han C.A. Mirkin Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 45 2007 1 (f) H.S. Jung M. Park D.Y. Han E. Kim C. Lee S. Ham J.S. Kim Org. Lett. 11 2009 3378 3 (a) L. Friberg C.G. Elinder T. Kjellstrom G.F. Nordberg Cadmium and Health: A Toxicological and Epidemiological Appraisal Effects and Response vol. 2 1986 CRC Press Boca Raton, FL (b) G.F. Nordberg R.F.M. Herber L. Alessio Cadmium in the Human Environment 1992 Oxford University Press Oxford, UK 4 (a) X. Peng J. Du J. Fan J. Wang Y. Wu J. Zhao S. Sun T. Xu J. Am Chem. Soc. 129 2007 1500 (b) W. Liu L. Xu R. Sheng P. Wang H. Li S. Wu Org. Lett. 9 2007 3829 (c) X.-L. Tang X.-H. Peng W. Dou J. Mao J.-R. Zheng W.-W. Qin W.-S. Liu J. Chang X.-J. Yao Org. Lett. 10 2008 3653 5 (a) M.E. Brewster T. Loftsson Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 59 2007 645 (b) Y. Liu G.-S. Chen L. Li H.-Y. Zhang D.-X. Cao J. Med. Chem. 46 2003 4634 (c) Y. Liu G.-S. Chen Y. Chen D.-X. Cao Z.-Q. Ge Y.-J. Yuan Bioorg. Med. Chem. 12 2004 5767 6 (a) Y. Liu N. Zhang Y. Chen L.-H. Wang Org. Lett. 9 2007 315 (b) Y. Liu M. Yu Y. Chen N. Zhang Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17 2009 3887 (c) N. Zhang Y. Chen M. Yu Y. Liu Chem. Asian J. 4 2009 1697 7 C. Hocquelet J. Blu C.K. Jankowski S. Arseneau D. Buisson L. Mauclaire Tetrahedron 62 2006 11963 8 (a) L.M. Daffy A.P. de Silva H.Q.N. Gunaratne C. Huber P.L.M. Lynch T. Werner O.S. Wolfbeis Chem. Eur. J. 4 1998 1810 (b) B. Valeur Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications 2002 Wiley-VCH Weinheim 9 V. Souchon S. Maisonneuve O. David I. Leray J. Xie B. Valeur Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 7 2008 1323 10 (a) Y. Liu H.-M. Yu Y. Chen Y.-L. Zhao Chem. Eur. J. 12 2006 3858 (b) Y. Liu Y. Chen Acc. Chem. Res. 39 2006 681 (c) Y. Liu J. Shi D.-S. Guo J. Org. Chem. 72 2007 8227 11 (a) T.S. Lee C. Yang J.L. Kim J.-K. Lee W.H. Park Y. Won J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 40 2002 1831 (b) C.-L. Yi Y. Tang W.-S. Liu M.-Y. Tan Inorg. Chem. Commun. 10 2007 1505 12 (a) J. Ishikawa H. Sakamoto S. Nakao H. Wada J. Org. Chem. 64 1999 1913 (b) G. Zhang G. Yang S. Wang Q. Chen J.S. Ma Chem. Eur. J. 13 2007 3630 13 Y. Chen K.-Y. Han Y. Liu Bioorg. Med. Chem. 15 2007 4537 14 (a) Q.-X. Guo Z.-Z. Li T. Ren X.-Q. Zhu Y.-C. Liu J. Inclusion phenom. Macrocyclic Chem. 17 1994 149 (b) A.P. Bisson C.A. Hunter J.C. Morales K. Young Chem. Eur. J. 4 1998 845 (c) H. Dodziuk A. Ejchart O. Lukin M.O. Vysotsky J. Org. Chem. 64 1999 1503 (d) S. Shinkai M. Ikeda A. Sugasaki M. Takeuchi Acc. Chem. Res. 34 2001 494 (e) F. Huang F.R. Fronczek H.W. Gibson J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125 2003 9272 15 (a) B. Zhang R. Breslow J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 1993 9353 (b) Y. Hasegawa M. Miyauchi Y. Takashima H. Yamaguchi A. Harada Macromolecules 38 2005 3724 (c) K. Ohga Y. Takashima H. Takahashi Y. Kawaguchi H. Yamaguchi A. Harada Macromolecules 38 2005 5897 (d) V.H. Soto Tellini A. Jover J.C. Garcia L. Galantini F. Meijide J.V. Tato J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 2005 5728 (e) Y. Liu Z.-L. Yu Y.-M. Zhang D.-S. Guo Y.-P. Liu J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 2008 10431 16 R.C. Petter J.S. Salek C.T. Sikorski G. Kumaravel F.T. Lin J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112 1990 3860 17 (a) Y. Liu B.-H. Han S.-X. Sun T. Wada Y. Inoue J. Org. Chem. 64 1999 1487 (b) Y. Liu Z. Fan H.-Y. Zhang Y.-W. Yang F. Ding S.-X. Liu X. Wu T. Wada Y. Inoue J. Org. Chem. 68 2003 8345",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin cadmium fluorescence sensing supramolecular chemistry tions. studies on the recognition mechanism indicated that the cooperative coordination of cd"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300 071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300 071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Qiang Li",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300 071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Li",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300 071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "3L4HLDZV": {
        "id": "3L4HLDZV",
        "title": "Selective binding and controlled release of anticancer drugs by polyanionic cyclodextrins.",
        "abstract": "The binding stoichiometry, binding constants, and inclusion mode of some water-soluble negatively charged cyclodextrin derivatives, i.e. heptakis-[6-deoxy-6-(3-sulfanylpropanoic acid)]-β-cyclodextrin(H1), heptakis-[6-deoxy-6-(2-sulfanylacetic acid)]-β-cyclodextrin(H2), mono-[6-deoxy-6-(3-sulfanylpropanoic acid)]-β-cyclodextrin (H3) and mono-[6-deoxy-6-(2-sulfanylacetic acid)]-β-cyclodextrin (H4), with three anticancer drugs, i.e. irinotecan hydrochloride; topotecan hydrochloride; doxorubicin hydrochloride, were investigated by means of H NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, mass spectra and 2D NMR. Polyanionic cyclodextrins H1-H2 showed the significantly high binding abilities of up to 2.6 × 10-2.0 × 10 M towards the selected anticancer drugs, which were nearly 50-1000 times higher than the corresponding Ks values of native β-cyclodextrin. In addition, these polyanionic cyclodextrins also showed the pH-controlled release behaviors. That is, the anticancer drugs could be efficiently encapsulated in the cyclodextrin cavity at a pH value similar to that of serum but sufficiently released at an endosomal pH value of a cancer cell, which would make these cyclodextrin derivatives the potential carriers for anticancer drugs.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anticancer drugs",
            "Controlled release",
            "Polyanionic cyclodextrin",
            "Selective binding",
            "Supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jian-Guang Cheng",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua-Jiang Yu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, PR China. Electronic address: yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "dOJ7uZse": {
        "id": "dOJ7uZse",
        "title": "Inclusion complexes of azadirachtin with native and methylated cyclodextrins: solubilization and binding ability.",
        "abstract": "The inclusion complexation behavior of azadirachtin with several cyclodextrins and their methylated derivatives has been investigated in both solution and the solid state by means of XRD, TG-DTA, DSC, NMR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results show that the water solubility of azadirachtin was obviously increased after resulting inclusion complex with cyclodextrins. Typically, beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD), dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DMbetaCD), permethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (TMbetaCD), and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbetaCD) are found to be able to solubilize azadirachtin to high levels up to 2.7, 1.3, 3.5, and 1.6 mg/mL (calculated as azadirachtin), respectively. This satisfactory water solubility and high thermal stability of the cyclodextrin-azadirachtin complexes, will be potentially useful for their application as herbal medicine or healthcare products.",
        "keywords": [
            "molecular recognition",
            "molecular recognition.",
            "inclusion complex",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "azadirachtin",
            "water soluble",
            "uv vis spectroscopy",
            "thermal stability"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Lin",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "dQzTFRsp": {
        "id": "dQzTFRsp",
        "title": "Secondary assembly of bile salts mediated by β-cyclodextrin–terbium(III) complex",
        "abstract": "Abstract A fluorescent cyclodextrin–Tb(III) complex is successfully synthesized and can include bile salts in its hydrophobic cavities. Therefore, it can efficiently induce the secondary assembly of small bile salt primary micelles to large micelle aggregates, and the aggregation process can be easily observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy. Keywords Cyclodextrins Bile salts Micelles Lanthanide Fluorescence",
        "keywords": [
            "lanthanide",
            "cyclodextrins",
            "bile salts",
            "fluorescence.",
            "micelles",
            "transmission electron microscopy",
            "fluorescence",
            "fluorescence microscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "H22beKQP": {
        "id": "H22beKQP",
        "title": "Inclusion complexes of paclitaxel and oligo(ethylenediamino) bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s: solubilization and antitumor activity",
        "abstract": "The inclusion complexation behavior of paclitaxel with a series of oligo(ethylenediamino) bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s possessing bridge chains in different length ( 1 – 4 ) has been investigated in order to improve the water solubility of paclitaxel. It is found that only the long-tethered bis(β-cyclodextrin)s 1 and 2 can form the inclusion complexes with paclitaxel, which are characterized by NMR, SEM, XRD, FT-IR, TG–DTA, DSC, and microcalorimetry technology. The results obtained show that bis(β-cyclodextrin)s 1 and 2 are able to solubilize paclitaxel to high levels up to 2 and 0.9 mg/mL, respectively. The high complex stability of bis(β-cyclodextrin) 1 and paclitaxel is discussed from thermodynamic viewpoint. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of these complexes assessed using a human erythroleukemia K562 cell line indicates that the IC 50 value of 1 /paclitaxel complex is 6.0 × 10 −10 mol/dm 3 (calculated as paclitaxel molar concentration), which means that the antitumor activity of 1 /paclitaxel complex is better than that of parent paclitaxel (IC 50 value 9.8 × 10 −10 mol/dm 3 ). This high antitumor activity, along with the satisfactory water solubility and high thermal stability of the 1 /paclitaxel complex, will be potentially useful for its clinical application as a highly effective antitumor drug. Keywords Paclitaxel Cyclodextrin Inclusion complex Antitumor activity 1 Introduction Since firstly isolated from brevifolia as a diterpenoid natural product in 1971 by Wani et al., 1 paclitaxel ( Taxol ® , Chart 1 ) has inspired further interest in developing it into a successful drug candidate due to its unique mechanism of action in promoting tubulin polymerization and stabilization of microtubules against depolymerization. 2,3 As the clinical potential of paclitaxel continues to unfold, significant advances in cancer treatment can be realized by the discovery and development of novel paclitaxel derivatives with improved efficiency, reduced toxicity, and an expanded spectrum of activity. 4–7 However, the systemic use of paclitaxel in large doses is greatly limited by not only its hematologic toxicity but also its dose dependent neurotoxicity. These limitations can be traced back to the extremely poor solubility of paclitaxel in aqueous media and its relatively high dose requirements compared to other antitumor drugs. 8 Hereto, the development of a suitable formulation of paclitaxel-based drug for parenteral administration is still extremely difficult and ultimately requires the use of a surfactant formulation containing Cremophor EL, a polyethoxylated castor oil derivative, as a major component, which inevitably leads to the side effect caused by the introduction of Cremophor EL. 2,9 In view of these limitations of paclitaxel chemotherapy, effort including novel prodrug design maintaining antitumor activity combined with fewer side effects is imperative to allow the administration of larger doses of paclitaxel or to diminish side effects. One promising approach for a better formulation of paclitaxel is to improve the water solubility of paclitaxel by introducing some low-toxic solubilizers. Among the various inorganic and organic compounds generally used as drug carriers, cyclodextrins (CDs), a kind of truncated-cone polysaccharides mainly made up of six to eight d -glucose monomers linked by α-1,4-glucose bonds with hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic surface, are known to be able to encapsulate model substrates to form host–guest complexes or supramolecular species in aqueous solution and have been applied extensively to form inclusion complexes with all sorts of drugs in formulation and delivery systems. 10–17 However, it is demonstrated that the introduction of simple CDs only give fairly limited improvement on the solubility of paclitaxel, 18 which means that additional attempts to further increase the solubility of paclitaxel in a stable, biocompatible solvent systems are still highly sought after. Compared with natural and mono-CDs, bridged bis(β-CD)s, which possess dual hydrophobic cavities in a close vicinity and a nucleophilic or electrophilic tether with good structural variety in a single molecule, can greatly enhance the original binding ability and molecular selectivity of parent CD cavities through the potential cooperative binding of two adjacent CD units and the formation of sandwich host–guest inclusion complex. 19–21 Recently, Moser et al. reported the inclusion complexation behavior of CD dimer with paclitaxel in H 2 O–DMSO solution and the biological action of the resultant CD/paclitaxel complex with human tumor cells. 22 Herein, we wish to report the preparation and cytotoxicity study of some water-soluble inclusion complexes formed by paclitaxel and bridged bis(β-CD)s ( Chart 2 ) with different tethers. It is our special interest to explore the solubilization effect of bridged bis(β-CD)s to paclitaxel and the structure-related cytotoxicity of these inclusion complexes, which will provide a useful approach to achieving novel paclitaxel-based antitumor drug with high water solubility, high antitumor activity, and low toxicity. 2 Results and discussion 2.1 Preparation of the CD/paclitaxel inclusion complexes In this context, we try to prepare the CD/paclitaxel inclusion complexes by the reaction of paclitaxel with bis(β-CD)s 1 – 4 . However, only bis(β-CD)s 1 and 2 , both of which possess a flexible long tether, are found to be able to form inclusion complexes with paclitaxel. These phenomena should be related to the structural differences among bis(β-CD)s 1 – 4 . For short-tethered bis(β-CD) 3 , Corey–Pauling–Koltun (CPK) molecular model study shows that the two CD cavities in 3 are too closely located in space to form a sandwich complex with paclitaxel. For Cu(II)-coordinated bis(β-CD) 4 , the coordination of copper(II) can shorten the effective length of tether group, which consequently leads to a relatively short distance between two CD cavities. Moreover, the steric hindrance from the copper(II) center located between two CD cavities is also unfavorable to the inclusion complexation of paclitaxel with CD cavities. As a simultaneous result of these two factors, Cu(II)-coordinated bis(β-CD) 4 fails to form inclusion complex with paclitaxel. With the elongation of the tether length, the two CD cavities may manage to adopt an appropriate distance and/or orientation suitable for the inclusion complexation with paclitaxel through the adjustment of flexible long tether group. Therefore, we can deduce that paclitaxel may prefer the long-tethered bis(β-CD)s upon inclusion complexation. Although the present hypothesis is drawn from a rather limited variation of bis(β-CD)s, this concept should be extended more generally to a wide variety of synthetic CD-based species and subsequently open a new channel on the design of novel formulation of paclitaxel. 2.2 Characterization of CD/paclitaxel complexes 1 H NMR spectra ( Fig. 1 ) provide not only the direct evidence for the formation of CD/paclitaxel inclusion complexes but also the information about their stoichiometry. Owing to its fairly poor water solubility, 23 paclitaxel is transparent to 1 H NMR under most conditions when D 2 O is used as solvent. Therefore, assessment of the paclitaxel complexes by 1 H NMR demonstrates the presence of the structural protons of the paclitaxel molecule consistent with significant solubilization. In addition, integration of the areas associated with the phenyl protons of the paclitaxel ( δ 7–8 ppm) and the H-1 protons of bis(β-CD) 1 or 2 suggests a 1:2 or 1:1 inclusion complexation stoichiometry for 1 /paclitaxel or 2 /paclitaxel complex, respectively. On the other hand, Job’s experiments are also performed by means of fluorescence spectroscopy to confirm this stoichiometry. Figure 2 illustrates a typical Job’s plot for 1 /paclitaxel system. As can be seen in Figure 2 , Job’s plot of 1 /paclitaxel system shows a maximum at a molar fraction of 0.67, verifying the formation of 1:2 1 /paclitaxel inclusion complexes. That is to say, with the longest tether group, bis(β-CD) 1 can simultaneously associate with two paclitaxel molecules to form inclusion complex, while the bis(β-CD) 2 can only bind one paclitaxel attributing to its shorter tether length. One possible explanation for this stoichiometry should be that, paclitaxel tends to form a dimer in solutions ranging from aqueous to those of low polarity through their four exchangeable hydrogen atoms (bound to heteroatoms) that can participate in inter and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. 24 Hence, there should exist the equilibrium between the paclitaxel monomer and dimer in the solution under our experimental conditions. This observation may subsequently rationalize the 1:2 and 1:1 stoichiometry for 1 /paclitaxel and 2 /paclitaxe complexes, respectively. That is, with a long linker, one bis(β-CD) 1 actually included one paclitaxel dimer in solution to form the 1:2 1 /paclitaxel complex. On the other hand, bearing a relatively short linker as compared with 1 , one bis(β-CD) 2 can only bind one paclitaxel monomer. In addition, examinations with the Corey–Pauling–Koltun (CPK) molecular model demonstrated that a couple of paclitaxel molecules could be well accommodated in the pseudocavity formed by the long linker of bis(β-CD) 1 to form the 1:2 sandwich inclusion complex. However, for bis(β-CD) 2 with a shorter linker, the pseudocavity formed by the linker group could only accommodate one paclitaxel. To further confirm the binding mode of bis(β-CD)s with paclitaxel, 2D NOESY experiments are completed with the spectra illustrated in Figure 3 . For 1 /paclitaxel complex, it is apparent that the H-3 and H-5 protons of the CD cavities in 1 show strong correlations with the ortho and meta protons of the A and B phenyl rings and relatively weak interactions with the ortho protons in ring C of paclitaxel, suggesting that the CD cavities include the A and B rings in a bridging structure. A structural representation of 1 /paclitaxel complex based on the generated 2D NOESY data is given in Figure 4 . On the other hand, in the NOESY spectrum of 2 /paclitaxel complex, the rather weak NOE correlations between the H-3 protons of the CD cavities in 2 and the acetyl protons of paclitaxel as well as the weak correlations between H-5 protons of the CD cavities in 2 and the methyl protons in the octatomic ring of paclitaxel indicate a relatively weak association of 2 /paclitaxel complex, which inevitably results in the lower water solubility and antitumor activity of 2 /paclitaxel than those of 1 /paclitaxel complex. In addition to the NMR data, some other experiments including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffractogram (XRD) and FT-IR also supply the evidences for the formation of CD/paclitaxel complex. The SEM images for the surface morphology of powders derived from paclitaxel, bridged bis(β-CD)s and their inclusion complexes are provided in Figure 4 . A comparison of these images reveals that the apparent conformation of the complexes is distinct from that of the isolated components, those being the unmanipulated drug and bis(β-CD)s. As can be seen in Figure 5 , 1 /paclitaxel (or 2 /paclitaxel) complex can be characterized as a regular platelike morphology, the bis(β-CD) as a globular morphology, while the parent paclitaxel manifests a more sticklike morphology. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns of paclitaxel, bis(β-CD), as well as their physical mixtures and inclusion complexes are illustrated in Figure 6 . As can be seen in Figure 6 , paclitaxel shows a diffractogram consistent with its crystalline nature ( Fig. 6 a), while bis(β-CD) 1 is amorphous ( Fig. 6 b). However, the physical mixture of paclitaxel with bis(β-CD) 1 (molar ratio 2:1) shows a diffractogram that can be characterized as a superimposition of crystalline paclitaxel and the amorphous bis(β-CD) ( Fig. 6 c). In contrast, 1 /paclitaxel complex ( Fig. 6 d) displays a different pattern especially in the 15°–25° (2 θ ) area where the peaks assigned to the paclitaxel almost disappear. In addition, the pattern of 1 /paclitaxel complex also exhibits the appreciable differences from that of the corresponding 1 /paclitaxel physical mixture in terms of not only the peak shape but also relative intensities in the 3°–8° (2 θ ) region, meaning that a new species, in this case 1 /paclitaxel complex, is formed between paclitaxel and bis(β-CD). The similar phenomena are also found in the case of 2 /paclitaxel system. The FT-IR spectra of paclitaxel, bis(β-CD)s 1 and 2 , and their corresponding inclusion complexes are shown in Figure 7 . The spectrum of paclitaxel shows strong absorption bands in the range of 1750–1600, 1300–1180, and 770–630 cm −1 ( Fig. 7 a). These characteristic bands all exist in the spectra of 1 /paclitaxel and 2 /paclitaxel complexes with negligible rightward shifts, which means the existence of paclitaxel in the complex. Moreover, the IR spectra of bis(β-CD)s 1 and 2 can be characterized by the intense bands at 3300–3500 cm −1 assigned to absorption by hydrogen-bonded OH groups as well as the bands at 2800–3000 cm −1 corresponding to vibration of the –CH and –CH 2 groups, which are equivalent to the bands of native β-CDs. 25 After association with paclitaxel, the spectra of the inclusion complexes show reduced intensities and certain shifts of the peak corresponding to hydrogen-bonded OH groups (for 1 /paclitaxel system from 3338 to 3327 cm −1 ; for 2 /paclitaxel system from 3338 to 3343 cm −1 ). In the control experiments, the spectra of the physical mixtures correspond simply to the superposition of the spectra of the individual components. These phenomena jointly suggest that after complex formation some of the existing hydrogen bonds formed between OH groups of CD are broken and thus provide an additional evidence for the formation of CD/paclitaxel complexes. 2.3 Thermal analysis of the complexes The thermal properties of 1 /paclitaxel and 2 /paclitaxel complexes are investigated by thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) ( Fig. 8 ). A systemic analysis on the TG and DTA curves shows that paclitaxel decomposes at 244 °C while parent bis(β-CD)s over 300 °C. Therefore, the peaks at about 228 and 238 °C in the DTA curves of 1 /paclitaxel and 2 /paclitaxel complexes should represent the temperature of the corresponding complex dissociating to its parent bis(β-CD) and paclitaxel, respectively. Furthermore, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram gives further information about the thermal property of 1 /paclitaxel and 2 /paclitaxel complexes ( Fig. 9 ). The DSC curve of paclitaxel shows an endothermic peak at 223 °C and an exothermic peak at 242 °C. In contrast, the DSC curves of parent bis(β-CD)s do not show any peak in the region of 150–300 °C. However, we can find that, in the DSC curves of CD/paclitaxel complexes, the thermic peaks at 223 and 242 °C corresponding to free paclitaxel disappears, along with the appearance of a new exothermic peak at 234 °C (or 225 °C) in the case of 1 /paclitaxel (or 2 /paclitaxel) system, showing the 1 /paclitaxel complex is rather stable than 2 /paclitaxel complex. All these samples have been analyzed by HPLC confirming the thermal degradation occurrence. These results not only further confirm the formation of the CD/paclitaxel complexes, but also indicate that the resultant CD/paclitaxel complexes start to decompose only at a temperature above 200 °C, which means these complexes are fairly stable in thermal viewpoint. 2.4 Isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC) investigation of CD/paclitaxel complexes To quantitatively assess the inclusion complexation behavior of paclitaxel with bis(β-CD)s, we perform the ITC experiments by gradually adding a solution of bis(β-CD) to the paclitaxel solution, due to the poor solubility of paclitaxel. In each run, a water–ethanol solution (1:1, v/v) of bis(β-CD)s (1.62 mM) in a 0.250 mL syringe has been sequentially injected with stirring at 300 rpm into the calorimeter sample cell containing a water–ethanol solution (1:1, v/v) of paclitaxel (0.164 mM). The sample cell volume is 1.4227 mL in all experiments. Each titration experiment is composed of 25 successive injections infections (10 μL per injection). Each titration of bis(β-CD) into the sample cell gives rise to a heat of reaction, caused by the formation of inclusion complexes between paclitaxel molecule and bis(β-CD). A control experiment has been performed to determine the heat of dilution by injecting a bis(β-CD) solution into a water–ethanol solution (1:1, v/v) containing no paclitaxel molecules. The dilution enthalpy is subtracted from the apparent enthalpy obtained in each titration run, and the net reaction enthalpy is analyzed by using the ‘sequential binding sites’ model. For this sequential binding, the binding constants K 1 , K 2 must be defined relative to the progress of saturation, so that (1) K 1 = [ MX ] [ M ] [ X ] K 2 = [ MX 2 ] [ MX ] [ X ] In the sequential model, there is no distinction as to which sites are saturated, but only as to the total number of sites that are saturated. If the sites are identical, then there is a statistical degeneracy associated with the sequential saturation since the first ligand to bind has more empty sites of the same kind to choose from than does the second ligand, etc. For identical interacting sites then, we can distinguish between the phenomenological binding constants K i (defined by Eq. 1 ) and the intrinsic binding constants K i 0 where the effect of degeneracies has been removed. The relationship between the two binding constants is given by (2) K i = 3 - i i K i 0 All calculations given below, as well as parameters reported from curve fitting, are in terms of K 1 , K 2 values but the operator may convert to K i 0 values, if desired, using Eq. 2 . Since concentrations of all liganded species [ML i ] can be easily expressed in terms of the concentration of the non-liganded species, [M], then the fraction of total macromolecule having i bound ligands, F i , are simply F 0 = 1 P F 1 = K 1 [ X ] P (3) F 2 = K 1 K 2 [ X ] 2 P where P = 1 + K 1 [ X ] + K 1 K 2 [ X ] 2 (4) X t = [ X ] + M t ∑ i = 1 2 iF i Once n and values of fitting parameters K 1 and K 2 are assigned, then Eqs. 3 and 4 may be solved for [X] by numerical methods (the Bisection method is used). After [X] is known, all F i may be calculated from Eq. 3 and the heat content after the i th injection is determined from (5) Q = M t V 0 ( F 1 Δ H 1 + F 2 [ Δ H 1 + Δ H 2 ] ) and, as before, (6) Δ Q ( i ) = Q ( i ) + d V i V 0 Q ( i ) + Q ( i - 1 ) 2 - Q ( i - 1 ) which then leads into the Marquardt minimization routine. The origin software (Microcal), used for the calculation of the binding constant ( K 1 , K 2 ) and standard molar reaction enthalpy (Δ H 1 , Δ H 2 ) from the titration curve, gives the relevant standard derivation on the basis of the scatter of data points in a single titration experiment. The potential surface of the five-dimensional fit ( χ 2 as a function of four parameters K 1 , Δ H 1 ; K 2 , Δ H 2 ) is probably very ‘flat’ (if this word is applicable for description of a fifth-dimensional numerical universe), and therefore the scattering of the experimental data points does not allow the origin program to find an absolute minimum. We repeat computer simulations many times with various initial sets of the four parameters, using the constancy of χ 2 as a criterion of the results of calculations. Knowledge of the binding constant ( K s) and molar reaction enthalpy (Δ H 0 ) enable calculation of the standard free energy of binding (Δ G 0 ) and entropy changes (Δ S 0 ), according to the following equation: Δ G 0 = - RT ln K s = Δ H 0 - T Δ S 0 Therefore, this sequential two-step binding model is applied to generate an apparent binding constant ( K 1 × K 2 ) up to 2.04 × 10 8 M −2 for the 2:1 1 /paclitaxel inclusion complexation ( Fig. 10 ). The derived thermodynamic parameters indicate that this inclusion complexation is a process cooperatively driven by enthalpy and entropy ( Δ H 1 0 + Δ H 2 0 = - 10.2 kJ / mol , T Δ S 1 0 + T Δ S 2 0 = 37.3 kJ / mol ) , suggesting that the van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions, and desolvation effect jointly contribute to the overall inclusion process. This is contrast to the thermodynamics of binding for simple cyclodextrin hosts and their molecular guests in that these associations tend to be enthalpically driven. 26 Unfortunately, we fail to obtain the stability constant and thermodynamic parameters for 2 /paclitaxel system, since the heat of the inclusion process is too small to calculate the corresponding thermodynamic parameters. This phenomenon may indicate the binding affinity of 2 /paclitaxel system is far weaker than that of 1 /paclitaxel system. 2.5 Solubility of the complexes The water solubility of CD/paclitaxel complex is assessed by the preparation of its saturated solution. 13c Excess amount of complex is put into 5 mL of water (ca. pH 6.0) and the mixture is stirred for 1 h. After removing the insoluble substance by filtration, the filtrate is evaporated under reduced pressure to dryness and the residue is dosed by weighing method. The results show that the water solubility of 1 /paclitaxel and 2 /paclitaxel complexes, comparing with that of paclitaxel (30 μg/mL; 23a 0.7 μg/mL; 23b 6 μg/mL 23c ), is dramatically increased to approximately 2.0 and 0.9 mg/mL (calculated as paclitaxel residue), respectively. In the control experiment, clear solution is obtained after dissolving 1 /paclitaxel (4.8 mg) or 2 /paclitaxel (3.3 mg) complex, which is equivalent to 2.0 or 0.9 mg of paclitaxel, in 1 mL of water at room temperature. This subsequently confirms the reliability of the obtained satisfactory water solubility of CD/paclitaxel complexes. 2.6 Biological activity The cytotoxicity tests for 1 /paclitaxel and 2 /paclitaxel complexes have been evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative activity against human K562 erythroleukemia cell line by the MTT cytotoxicity assay using parent bis(β-CD)s 1 and 2 and free paclitaxel as reference compounds. The IC 50 values that represent the concentration of a drug required for 50% reduction of cellular growth have been calculated. As expected, no antiproliferative activity of bis(β-CD)s 1 and 2 can be observed in the concentration range of 1.0 × 10 −7 –1.0 × 10 −11 mol/dm 3 . Excitingly, 1 /paclitaxel complex presents a satisfactory antiproliferative activity; its IC 50 value (calculated as paclitaxel residue) is 6.0 × 10 −10 mol/dm 3 , which is even lower than that of free paclitaxel (9.8 × 10 −10 mol/dm 3 ). On the other hand, 2 /paclitaxel complex, due to its lower paclitaxel content and weaker CD/drug association than those of 1 /paclitaxel, gives a disappointing inhibitive ability lower than 10% for K562 erythroleukemia after 72 h. In addition, the antiproliferative activities of 1 /paclitaxel complex and free paclitaxel against human K562 erythroleukemia cell line at different concentrations are shown in Figure 11 . From this figure, we can deduce that the concentration dependence of the in vitro cell antiproliferative activity of 1 /paclitaxel complex is somewhat different from that of free paclitaxel. Free paclitaxel exhibits a very effective antiproliferative activity against K562 erythroleukemia at a concentration higher than 1 × 10 −9 mol/dm 3 . However, when further diluting the paclitaxel solution to 1 × 10 −10 mol/dm 3 or lower, its activity decreases sharply. In contrast, the antiproliferative activity of 1 /paclitaxel complex displays a smooth decline when its concentration decreases from 1 × 10 −7 to 1 × 10 −11 mol/dm 3 , which will be potentially useful to its clinical application. 3 Experimental section 3.1 General NMR experiments were performed on a Varian Mercury VX300 spectrometer (300 MHz) at 298 K in a deuterium oxide solution. Tetramethylsilane was used as reference and no correction was made for susceptibility of the capillary. NOESY spectrum was performed in D 2 O (300 MHz) with a mixing time of 400 ms. SEM images were recorded on a HITACHI S-3500N Scanning Electron Microscope. Thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were recorded with a RIGAKU Standard type. Samples were heated at 10 °C/min from room temperature to 500 °C in a dynamic nitrogen atmosphere (flow rate = 70 mL/min). Powder X-ray patterns were obtained using a Rigaku D/max-2500 diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (40 kV, 100 mA). Powder samples were mounted on a sample holder and scanned with a step size of 2 = 0.02° between 2 θ = 3° and 35°. FT-IR spectra were obtained on a Bio-Rad FTS 135 FT-IR spectroscopy device. The samples were mixed with KBr and compressed as disks; 16 scans were signal averaged at a resolution of 8 cm −1 . Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed with a NETZSCH DSC 204 instrument with a heating rate of 10 °C/min from 26 to 300 °C with a heating rate of 10 K/min. ITC was performed on an isothermal calorimeter at 25 °C, using ethanol–water (1:1, v/v) as solvent. Tetraethylenepentaamino-bridged bis(β-CD) ( 1 ), triethylenetetraamino-bridged bis(β-CD) ( 2 ), ethylenediamino-bridged bis(β-CD) ( 3 ), and 1 /Cu(II) complex ( 4 ) are synthesized according to the reported procedures, respectively. 27,28 Molecular model study was performed with the CAChe 3.2 program (Oxford Molecular Co., 1999). The initial geometry of β-CD used in this study was taken from the crystal structure described in the literature, 29 and the energy of this structure was minimized using the MM2 force field. 3.2 Preparation of the 1/paclitaxel complex 30 To generate drug–cyclodextrin complexes, paclitaxel (0.03 mM) and 1 (0.01 mM) were completely dissolved in a mixed solution of ethanol and water (v:v = 1:5) and stirred for 3 days at room temperature. After evaporating the ethanol from the mixed solution, the uncomplexed paclitaxel was removed by filtration. The filtrate was again evaporated to remove water and dried in vacuum to give 1 /paclitaxel complex (38.5 mg, yield 93%). 1 H NMR (300 MHz, D 2 O, TMS): δ 0.78–1.88 (m, 26H, paclitaxel protons), 1.88–3.04 (m, 38H, NHCH 2 of 1 and paclitaxel protons), 3.04–4.11 (m, 84H, H-2–6 of 1 ), 4.78–5.04 (s, 14H, H-1 of 1 ), 7.08–8.10 (m, 30H, ArH of paclitaxel). 3.3 Preparation of complex 2/paclitaxel Complex 2 /paclitaxel was prepared in ca. 85% yield from bis(β-CD) 2 and paclitaxel. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, D 2 O, TMS): δ 0.78–1.88 (m, 13H, paclitaxel protons), 1.88–3.04 (m, 31H, NHCH 2 of 2 and paclitaxel protons), 3.04–4.11 (m, 84H, H-2–6 of 2 ), 4.78–5.04 (s, 14H, H-1 of 2 ), 7.08–8.10 (m, 15H, ArH of paclitaxel). 3.4 Cell and treatments Cells were cultured at 5 × 10 5 /mL in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 in air. Cells were seeded at 5 × 10 4 /mL and treated with the indicated amounts of the complex. 3.5 Measurement of cytotoxicity The effect of the complex was evaluated as cell survival after treatment. Cell viability was evaluated by a microculture tetrazolium reduction assay using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyltriazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; Sigma). Briefly, 50 mL of MTT stock solution (2 mg/mL in PBS) was added to 150 mL cell cultures in 96-microwell flat-bottom plates for 4 h incubation at 37 °C. Plates were then centrifuged and MTT-containing culture medium removed. Precipitated formazan was dissolved in 150 mL DMSO. Results were read with 15 min in a spectrometer at 577 nm, and the means of triplicates were calculated. Cell inhibition rate is expressed as percentage of control samples. Acknowledgements This work was supported by NNSFC (no 90306009 and 20272028), which are gratefully acknowledged. References and notes [1] M.C. Wani H.L. Taylor M.E. Wall P. Coggon A.T. McPhail J. Am. Chem. Soc. 93 1971 2325 [2] G.M. Cragg Med. Res. Rev. 18 1998 315 [3] J.J. Manfredi S.B. Horwitz Pharmacol. Ther. 25 1984 83 [4] A. Safavy J.A. Bonner H.W. Waksal D.J. Buchsbaum G. Yancey Gillespie M.B. Khazaeli R. Arani D.-T. Chen M. Carpenter K.P. Raisch Bioconjugate Chem. 14 2003 302 [5] W. Wrasidlo G. Gaedicke R.K. Guy J. Renaud E. Pitsinos K.C. Nicolaou R.A. Reisfeld H.N. Lode Bioconjugate Chem. 13 2002 1093 [6] F. Schmidt I. Ungureanu R. Duval A. Pompon C. Monneret Eur. J. Org. Chem. 11 2001 2129 [7] T.J. Altstadt C.G. Fairchild J. Golik K.A. Johnston J.F. Kadow F.Y. Lee B.H. Long W.C. Rose D.M. Vyas H. Wong M.-J. Wu M.D. Wittman J. Med. Chem. 44 2001 4577 [8] A. Niethammer G. Gaedicke H.N. Lode W. Wrasidlo Bioconjugate Chem. 12 2001 414 [9] J.P. Davignon J.C. Cradock Principles of Chemotherapy S.K. Carter K. Hellman 1987 McGraw-Hill New York [10] W. Saenger Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 19 1980 344 [11] G. Wenz Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 33 1994 803 [12] J. Szejtli Chem. Rev. 98 1998 1743 [13] (a) V.J. Stella R.A. Rajewaki Pharm. Res. 14 1997 556 (b) C.W. Park S.J. Kim S.J. Park J.H. Kim J.K. Kim G.B. Park J.O. Kim Y.L. Ha J. Argic. Food Chem. 50 2002 2977 (c) P. Montassier D. Duchêne M.-C. Poelman Int. J. Pharm. 153 1997 199 (d) M.J. Arias-Blanco J.R. Moyano J.I. Perez-Martinez J.M. Gines J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 18 1998 275 [14] Bodor, S. N. U.S. Patent, 5024998, 1991 [15] J.M. Adam D. Jonathan Bennett A. Born J.K. Clark H. Feilden E.J. Hutchinson R. Palin A. Prosser D.C. Rees G.M. Rosair D. Stevenson G.J. Tarver M.-Q. Zhang J. Med. Chem. 45 2002 1806 [16] I. Baussanne J.M. Benito C.O. Mellet J.M.G. Fernandez J. Defaye ChemBioChem 2 2001 777 [17] X.J. Ren Y. Xue J.Q. Liu K. Zhang J. Zheng G. Luo C.H. Guo Y. Mu J.C. Shen ChemBioChem 3 2002 356 [18] U.S. Sharma S.V. Balasubramanian R.M. Straubinger J. Pharm. Sci. 84 1995 1223 [19] (a) K.J.C. von Bommel M.R. de Jong G.A. Metselaar W. Verboom J. Huskens R. Hulst H. Kooijman A.L. Spek D.N. Reinhoudt Chem. Eur. J. 7 2001 3603 (b) M.R. de Jong J.F.J. Engbersen J. Huskens D.N. Reinhoudt Chem. Eur. J. 6 2000 4034 (c) J.J. Michels J. Huskens D.N. Reinhoudt J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 2004 2056 [20] (a) H.F.M. Nelissen M. Kercher L. de Cola M.C. Feiters R.J.M. Nolte Chem. Eur. J. 8 2002 5407 (b) F. Venema H.F.M. Nelissen P. Berthault N. Birlirakis A.E. Rowan M.C. Feiters R.J.M. Nolte Chem. Eur. J. 4 1998 2237 [21] S.D.P. Baugh Z. Yang D.K. Leung D.M. Wilson R. Breslow J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123 2001 12488 [22] J.G. Moser I. Rose B. Wagner T. Wieneke A. Vervoorts J. Inclusion Phenom. Mol. Recognit. 39 2001 13 [23] (a) C.S. Swindell N.E. Krauss S.B. Horwitz I. Ringel J. Med. Chem. 34 1991 1176 (b) A.E. Mathew M.R. Mejillano J.P. Nath R.H. Himes V.J. Stella J. Med. Chem. 35 1992 145 (c) B.D. Tarr S.H. Yalkowsky J. Parenteral Sci. Technol. 41 1987 31 [24] S.A. Lorenz J.R.P.M. Bigwarfe S.V. Balasubramanian G.J. Fetterly R.M. Straubinger T.D. Wood J. Pharm. Sci. 91 2002 2057 [25] I. Perdomo-López A.I. Rodrı̆guez-Pérez J.M. Yzquierdo-Peiró A. White E.G. Estrada T.G. Villa J.J. Torres-Labandeira J. Pharm. Sci. 91 2002 2408 [26] T. Loftsson J. Pharm. Sci. 85 1996 1017 [27] Y. Liu C.-C. You B. Li Chem. Eur. J. 7 2001 1281 [28] I. Tabushi Y. Kuroda K. Shimokawa J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101 1979 1614 [29] C. Betzel W. Saenger B.E. Hingerty G.M. Brown J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106 1984 7545 [30] Y. Liu G.-S. Chen L. Li H.-Y. Zhang D.-X. Cao Y.-J. Yuan J. Med. Chem. 46 2003 4634",
        "keywords": [
            "antitumor activity",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "inclusion complex",
            "paclitaxel",
            "x ray diffraction",
            "water soluble",
            "thermal stability",
            "cytotoxicity",
            "water solubility",
            "cell line",
            "in vitro",
            "chemical synthesis",
            "thermodynamics",
            "amine",
            "solubilization",
            "thermal analysis",
            "biological activity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. yuliu@public.tpt.tj.cn"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Song Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong-Xu Cao",
                "org": "School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Qiang Ge",
                "org": "School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying-Jin Yuan",
                "org": "School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "kn7Y4P0W": {
        "id": "kn7Y4P0W",
        "title": "Convenient and highly effective fluorescence sensing for Hg2+ in aqueous solution and thin film.",
        "abstract": "A quinolinocyclodextrin, that is, MQAS-beta-cyclodextrin (MQAS = N-(2-methyl-8-amino- quinolyl)-p-aminobenzene sulfonamide) was synthesized. Further experiments showed that it could form very stable stoichiometric 2:1 complex with Zn(2+) in water. Significantly, the resultant quinolinocyclodextrin/Zn(2+) complex showed the specific fluorescence response to Hg(2+) over other metal ions, which could be readily distinguished in either aqueous solution or the PVA-based thin film. This finding would enable Zn x 3(2) complex as a convenient and highly efficient fluorescence sensor for the detection of Hg(2+).",
        "keywords": [
            "hg2+",
            "fluorescence",
            "sensor",
            "complex",
            "cyclodextrin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Miao Yu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "CiOJlPKI": {
        "id": "CiOJlPKI",
        "title": "Effective switch-on fluorescence sensing of zinc(II) ion by 8-aminoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin/adamantaneacetic acid system in water",
        "abstract": "Abstract A water-soluble 8-aminoquinolino-β-cyclodextrin/1-adamantaneacetic acid ( 1 /ADA) system is prepared in situ and exhibits a unique switch-on fluorescence response to Zn 2+ over other common metal ions. Spectrophotometric studies demonstrate that this system can strongly coordinate Zn 2+ through a cyclodextrin/substrate/metal triple recognition mode, and the resulting 1 /ADA/Zn 2+ ternary complex emits the blue-green fluorescence ( λ = 490 nm) that can be easily distinguished by eyes in aqueous solution. Significantly, the switch-on fluorescence response of 1 /ADA to Zn 2+ is barely affected by various metal ions except Cu 2+ . As a result, this system can behave as an efficient supramolecular fluorescence sensor for Zn 2+ in water. Keywords Zinc Fluorescence sensing Cyclodextrin 8-Aminoquinoline 1 Introduction Zinc is the second abundant transition metal in human body only inferior to iron and plays important roles in various biological processes such as gene transcription, metalloenzyme regulation, neural signal transmission, etc. 1 Generally, the concentration of Zn 2+ in human body is different in various physiological environments, and many other cations usually coexist with Zn 2+ in these environments. For example, the concentration of intracellular Zn 2+ in serum is ca. 12 μM, 2 and that value in the gray matter and brain tissue becomes ca. 0.1–0.5 mM. 3,4 Therefore, a sensitive and harmless technology to detect Zn 2+ in living cells, especially in the presence of possible competing cations, becomes very important. Because Zn 2+ does not give any spectroscopic or magnetic signals due to its 3d 10 4s 0 electronic configuration, the detection of Zn 2+ in biological systems cannot be measured by the common analytic techniques such as UV–vis spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Therefore, the fluorescence spectroscopy is regarded as a good choice for the real-time and real-space detection of Zn 2+ in living cells without damaging them. 5 In the past two decades, a number of efforts have contributed to the design and synthesis of functional chemosensors and biosensors for Zn 2+ . 1c,6 However, the current problems for most of these Zn 2+ sensors are their low water solubility or inconvenience in preparation, the successful examples of water-soluble Zn 2+ sensors are still limited. 7 Especially, the comprehensive studies of the influence of competing cations on the sensing ability of water-soluble Zn 2+ sensors are rare. On the other hand, cyclodextrins (CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides mainly with six to eight d -glucose units linked by α-1,4-glucose bonds, are well known to encapsulate various organic guests within their hydrophobic cavities. 8 This fascinating property enables them to be successfully utilized as drug carriers and solubilizers. 9,10 Tabushi et al. and Lincoln et al., respectively, reported that polyamino-modified β-CDs could form the stable complexes with Zn 2+ in the presence of guest molecules. 11 Recently, we prepared a N -(8-quinolyl)- p -aminobenzenesulfonamide-modified β-CD (HQAS-β-CD) as a water-soluble Zn 2+ sensor, which showed the good fluorescence responses to the Zn 2+ -contained yeast cells. 12 Herein, we wish to report a supramolecular system formed by 8-aminoquinolino-β-CD ( 1 ) and 1-adamantaneacetic acid (ADA). This system provides a unique fluorescence response to Zn 2+ over possible competing cations. That is, this system can strongly coordinate Zn 2+ , and the resulting 1 /ADA/Zn 2+ ternary complex emits the blue-green fluorescence ( λ = 490 nm) that can be easily distinguished by eyes in aqueous solution. As a result, the 1 /ADA system can behave as an efficient supramolecular fluorescence sensor for Zn 2+ in water. 2 Results and discussion Compound 1 was synthesized in a satisfactory yield by the reaction of 8-chloroacetylaminoquinoline and mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-CD ( Scheme 1 ), and its inclusion complexation behaviors with ADA were investigated by fluorescence titration experiments, ROESY, and molecular modeling study. Figure 1 illustrates the fluorescence titration curves of 1 with ADA. As seen in Figure 1 , the emission intensity of 1 gradually increases with the addition of varying amounts of ADA, accompanied by the appreciable bathochromic shift of the absorption peak. After validating the 1:1 binding stoichiometry, the binding constant between 1 and ADA can be calculated to be 2.1 × 10 4 M −1 by analyzing the sequential changes of fluorescence intensity (Δ F ) of 1 that occur with changes in guest concentration using a nonlinear least-squares curve-fitting method. 13 This result is consistent with the reported one that β-CD cavity can strongly bind adamantane derivatives due to the good size fitting between host and guest. 14 Moreover, the binding mode of 1 with ADA was investigated by the ROESY spectrum and molecular modeling study. As can be seen from Figure 2 , the ROESY spectrum of an equimolar mixture of 1 with ADA shows the clear NOE correlations (peaks A) between the ADA protons and the interior protons (H3/H5/H6) of β-CD cavity. Moreover, it can also be observed that the ADA protons show stronger NOE correlations with H5/H6 protons than with H3 protons. Because the H5/H6 protons are located near the narrow opening of β-CD cavity, while the H3 protons are located near the wide opening, these NOE correlations indicate that ADA is included in the β-CD cavity and located near the narrow opening, as shown in Scheme 2 A. This inclusion mode is further supported by a molecular modeling study. The results (see Supporting Information ) show that the ADA is located in the interior of β-CD cavity with the carboxylate group located near the 8-acetamidoquinoline substituent of 1 . According to the reported p K a value (p K a = 8.5) of the mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-CD, 15 the –NH– group of 1 that is directly linked to the β-CD rim is partly protonated, but the carboxylate group of ADA is deprotonated and exists as a carboxylate anion under our experimental conditions. Therefore, the electrostatic interactions between the positively charged side arm of 1 and the anionic carboxylate tail of ADA may further strengthen the inclusion complexation to some extent. After validating the formation of stable complex between 1 and ADA, we start to investigate its fluorescence sensing ability for Zn 2+ . The concentration of Zn 2+ used here is 2.0 × 10 −5 M, which is similar to the concentration of intracellular Zn 2+ in serum. 2 As can be seen in Figure 3 , a dilute solution of 1 (2.0 × 10 −5 M) shows a moderate fluorescence emission at 412 nm, which barely changes with the addition of Zn 2+ . In the presence of 50 equiv of ADA, 16 the fluorescence intensity of 1 shows an obvious enhancement, accompanied by the appreciable red shift of the emission peak (4 nm), due to the formation of 1 /ADA complex. Significantly, 1 /ADA system presents a new strong emission at 490 nm with the addition of Zn 2+ , accompanied by a decrease of the emission intensity at 416 nm, indicating the switch-on fluorescence sensing ability of 1 /ADA for Zn 2+ . It is noteworthy that this switch-on sensing process can be readily distinguished by eye. As can be seen in Figure 3 B, the 1 /ADA system only exhibits the weak blue-purple fluorescence without Zn 2+ , but gives the strong blue-green fluorescence with the addition of Zn 2+ (2.0 × 10 −5 M). In a control experiment, the 8-chloroacetylaminoquinoline/ADA (molar ratio 1:50) shows no appreciable fluorescence changes with the addition of Zn 2+ under the same conditions. This result indicates that β-CD cavity may play an important role in the fluorescence sensing. A quantitative study on the sensing ability of 1 /ADA system for Zn 2+ was performed by fluorescence titration. As can be seen in Figure 4 , with the stepwise addition of Zn 2+ to a solution of 1 /ADA, the fluorescence emission at 490 nm gradually increases, but that at 416 nm gradually decreases, accompanied by the appearance of an isosbestic point at 424 nm. Control experiments reveal that the changes of the ion strength resulted from the addition of zinc salt are not the main factor leading to the significant fluorescence changes of 1 /ADA. So we can deduce that the enhanced fluorescence should be dependent on the coordination of 1 /ADA with Zn 2+ . To explore the possible coordination mode of 1 /ADA with Zn 2+ , some further experiments were performed. When using other adamantane derivatives, such as 1-bromoadamantane, 1-adamantanol, 1-adamantaneethanol, and 1-adamantaneamine, instead of ADA, the obtained 1 /adamantane derivative system shows no appreciable fluorescence sensing abilities for Zn 2+ under the same conditions, which indicate that the carboxylate group of ADA may actively participate in the coordination with Zn 2+ . On the basis of these results, along with the 1:1 coordination stoichiometry between Zn 2+ and 1 /ADA system determined by the molar ratio method (see Supporting Information ), we deduce a possible coordination mode of 1 /ADA with Zn 2+ as shown in Scheme 2 B, and the apparent binding constant of 1 /ADA with Zn 2+ can be calculated to be 4.64 × 10 4 M −1 by analyzing the sequential changes in fluorescence intensity of 1 /ADA that occurred with changes in Zn 2+ concentration using a nonlinear least-squares curve-fitting method. 13 It should be noted that there may exist two coordination reactions in solution, that is, the coordinations of Zn 2+ with 1 /ADA complex and the superfluous ADA. Because the coordination of carboxylate group with Zn 2+ is reported to be much weaker (log K < 2) 17 than that of 1 /ADA, we deduce that the competing effect of the superfluous ADA on the Zn 2+ coordination should be negligible. Some comparative experiments were also performed to support the proposed binding mode in Scheme 2 B. Generally, CD cavities always bind guest molecules strongly in water due to hydrophobic interactions but weakly in organic phase. Therefore, we examine the fluorescence spectrum of 1 /ADA with Zn 2+ in DMF, because DMF can sufficiently exclude the ADA from the β-CD cavity. The result shows that the fluorescence of 1 /ADA system exhibits no appreciable changes with the addition of Zn 2+ . Moreover, we also use some organic acids, such as deoxycholate, cholate, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 2-norbornane acetic acid, and acetic acid, instead of ADA to investigate the Zn 2+ -sensing abilities of the resulting 1 /organic acid systems. The results show that only the systems formed by 1 with deoxycholate or cholate, either of which can strongly bind β-CD cavity, 18 give the similar fluorescence response for Zn 2+ to that of 1 /ADA under the same conditions. These observations are in good agreement with the proposed CD/substrate/Zn 2+ binding mode. According to this binding mode, the strong binding of β-CD cavity with adamantane skeleton allows the close location of the carboxylic group of ADA to the 8-aminoquinolino group, which is appended to the β-CD rim of 1 . This approach of 8-aminoquinolino group of 1 and the carboxylic group of ADA in space consequently leads to the cooperative coordination of 1 /ADA with Zn 2+ . This CD/substrate/Zn 2+ binding mode can subsequently rationalize the fluorescence sensing behavior of 1 /ADA for Zn 2+ . Before coordination, two nitrogen atoms of the amido quinolino group of 1 can form an intramolecular hydrogen bond, 1c,19 which results in the photo-induced electron transfer and the nonradiative transition processes. These processes consequently lead to the weak fluorescence of 1 . Some reports have demonstrated that quinolyl amide proton can disassociate upon coordination with transition metal ions. 20 Moreover, the FT-IR studies also show that the absorption band corresponding to the amide group of 1 (1664 cm −1 ) shifts to lower frequencies (1654 cm −1 ) upon the coordination of 1 /ADA with Zn 2+ . This phenomenon indicates the partial loss of double-bond character of the carbonyl group due to the resonance exchange between the O C–N − form and − O–C N form of the deprotonated amide group. 21 Therefore, we deduce that, when 1 /ADA is coordinated with Zn 2+ , the amido group of 1 is deprotonated, and thus the electron transfer process is forbidden. Moreover, the 8-aminoquinolino fluorophore is efficiently protected from deactivating water attack through steric shielding by the β-CD cavity. Therefore, the 1 /ADA/Zn 2+ system exhibits the enhanced fluorescence. In addition, the Zn 2+ -sensing ability of 1/ ADA at different pH values was also investigated (see Supporting Information ). The results show that 1 /ADA exhibits the poor sensing ability for Zn 2+ at a pH value below 5.8, which may be due to the protonation of the amido group of 1 in the acidic environment leading to a weak coordination ability of Zn 2+ with 1 /ADA, but exhibited satisfactory Zn 2+ -sensing abilities ( I / I 0 > 5) at a pH range of 7.2–10.6. After validating the good Zn 2+ -sensing ability of 1/ ADA, the sensing selectivity of 1 /ADA for Zn 2+ was also investigated through a comparative study on the fluorescence responses of 1 /ADA to different metal ions. Herein, the effect of other metal ions is tested by monitoring the emission intensities of 1 /ADA-metal systems at 490 nm. As can be seen in Figure 5 , the fluorescence of 1 /ADA system shows significant switch-on response to Zn 2+ among the metal ions investigated, while its IIB homologues, Cd 2+ and Hg 2+ , only exhibit slight switch-on fluorescence responses under the same conditions. On the other hand, the fluorescence of 1 /ADA system shows no appreciable changes or slightly quenches with the addition of K + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Pb 2+ , Co 2+ , Fe 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Fe 3+ (the possible competing cations when Zn 2+ sensors are used in physiological studies), but obviously quenches by Cu 2+ due to the nonradiative energy transition in the processes of the electron or energy transfer between the unfilled d-orbit of Cu 2+ and the fluorophore. 6c,22 It is noteworthy that the fluorescence enhancement factor ( I / I 0 = 6.8) to Zn 2+ and the water solubility limit (in the millimolar range) of 1 /ADA system are both higher than the corresponding values of HQAS-β-CD ( I / I 0 = 5.7, water solubility limit 0.6 mM 12 ). These results unambiguously demonstrate the applicability of 1 /ADA system as efficient Zn 2+ sensor in water. It is also interesting to compare the fluorescence sensing ability of 1 /ADA to the Zn 2+ -contained cation mixtures, because a very important characteristic feature of a sensor is its response to the species to be measured over that to other species also present in the environment. As can be seen in Figure 6 , the 1 /ADA system also shows the high fluorescence enhancement factors ( I / I 0 > 4.5), most of which are similar to that for Zn 2+ alone ( I / I 0 = 6.8), for the buffer solutions containing Zn 2+ and various alkali metal ions (Na + and K + ), alkali earth metal ions (Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ), or transition metal ions (Mn 2+ , Hg 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Co 2+ , Fe 2+ , Ni 2+ , Fe 3+ ). On the other hand, although Cu 2+ is unfavorable to the Zn 2+ -sensing of 1 /ADA system, its interference in the fluorescence response may be masked with a copper binding protein such as bovine serum albumin. 7c In conclusion, we successfully prepare an 8-aminoquinolino-β-CD/ADA system in situ as a switch-on fluorescence sensor for Zn 2+ . This sensor system presents the obvious fluorescence emission, which can be readily monitored by both eyes and fluorescence spectroscopy, in the presence of Zn 2+ . As compared with a majority of reported Zn 2+ sensors, this sensor system has an inherent advantage for its satisfactory water solubility, convenience in preparation and separation, and high sensing specificity for Zn 2+ over other competing cations, which will be important and helpful in its potential application to meet the selectivity requirements of a Zn 2+ assay in physiological fields. 3 Experimental 3.1 General All chemicals were commercially available unless noted otherwise. Reagent grade β-CD was recrystallized twice from water and dried in vacuum at 80 °C for 24 h prior to use. N , N -Dimethylformamide (DMF) was dried over calcium hydride for 2 days and then distilled under reduced pressure prior to use. 8-Chloroacetylaminoquinoline 23 and mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-CD 24 were prepared according to the reported procedures. Elemental analyses were performed on a Perkin-Elmer-2400C instrument. NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian Mercury VX300 instrument. Fluorescence spectra were measured in a conventional rectangular quartz cell (10 × 10 × 45 mm) at 25 °C on a JASCO FP-750 spectrometer equipped with a constant-temperature water bath, with the excitation and emission slits’ width of 5 nm. 3.2 Synthesis of 1 8-Chloroacetylaminoquinoline (0.75 mmol) was added to a solution of mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-CD (0.5 mmol) in dry DMF (40 mL) containing triethylamine (2 mL) with stirring under N 2 . The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h and then was allowed to warm and reacted at 80 °C for 2 days. Then, the reaction mixture was poured into acetone to give a white precipitate. The crude solid product was collected by filtration and then recrystallized from ethanol/water (v:v = 1:1) to give 1 as a light yellow solid (300 mg, yield 51%). ESI-MS m / z 1318.46 (M + +H); 1 H NMR (D 2 O, TMS, ppm): δ 2.37–4.21 (m, 44H); 4.86–5.08(m, 7H); 7.45–7.67 (m, 3H), 8.16 (d, 1H, J = 8.1 Hz), 8.46 (d, 1H, J = 7.2 Hz), 8.94 (d, 1H, J = 3.6 Hz). Anal. Calcd for C 53 H 79 O 35 N 3 ·5H 2 O: C, 45.18; H, 6.40; N, 3.04. Found: C, 45.20; H, 6.37; N, 2.98. Acknowledgment This work was supported by 973 program (2006CB932900), NNSFC (90306009 and 20402008), and Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (06YFJMJC04400). Supplementary data Molecular modeling result, molar ratio plot of 1 /ADA + Zn 2+ system, fluorescence responses of 1 /ADA to Zn 2+ at various pH values. Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.016 . Supplementary data Supplementary data References and notes 1 (a) T.V. O’Halloran Science 261 1993 715 725 (b) K.H. Falchuk Mol. Cell. Biochem. 188 1998 41 48 (c) P.-J. Jiang Z.-J. Guo Coord. Chem. Rev. 248 2004 205 229 (d) C.J. Frederickson A.I. Bush Biometals 14 2001 353 366 2 M.M. Paker F.L. Humaller D.J. Mahler Clin. Chem. 13 1967 40 44 3 M.A. Lovell J.D. Robertson W.J. Teesdale J.L. Campbell W.R. Markesbery J. Neurol. Sci. 158 1998 47 52 4 A.I. Bush Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 4 2000 184 191 5 (a) E. Kimura T. Koike Chem. Soc. Rev. 27 1998 179 184 (b) J. Zhang R.E. Campbell A.Y. Ting R.Y. Tsien Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 3 2002 906 918 6 (a) W. Goodall J.A.G. Williams Chem. Commun. 2001 2514 2515 (b) L. Prodi M. Montalti J.S. Bradshaw R.M. Izatt P.B. Savage J. Inclusion Phenom. Macro. Chem. 41 2001 123 127 (c) K. Rurack Spectrochim. Acta A 57 2001 2161 2195 (d) E. 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Soc., Dalton Trans. 2001 3320 3328 22 K.M. Hendrickson T. Rodopoulos P.-A. Pittet I. Mahadevan S.F. Lincoln A.D. Ward T. Kurucsev P.A. Duckworth I.J. Forbes P.D. Zalewski W.H. Betts J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1997 3879 3882 23 S.J. Hazlewood G.K. Hughes F. Lions J. Proc. R. Soc. N. S. Wales 71 1938 462 474 24 K. Hamasaki H. Ikeda A. Nakamura A. Ueno F. Toda I. Suzuki T. Osa J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 1993 5035 5040",
        "keywords": [
            "fluorescence sensing",
            "zinc",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "8-amino- quinoline.",
            "aqueous solution",
            "water soluble",
            "metal ion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun-Ying Han",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "vftedy5i": {
        "id": "vftedy5i",
        "title": "Reversibly Photoswitchable Supramolecular Assembly and Its Application as a Photoerasable Fluorescent Ink.",
        "abstract": "A photoswitchable supramolecular assembly can efficiently and reversibly switch on/off the luminescence of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ center upon irradiation by light with different wavelengths in solution and the solid state. The assembly possesses reversible photoisomerization and a high Förster resonance energy transfer efficiency, and when used as an ink it can be reversibly and repeatedly erased and recovered by altering the wavelength of irradiation light.",
        "keywords": [
            "high FRET efficiency",
            "photoerasable fluorescence ink",
            "reversible photoswitch",
            "supramolecular assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "2Mi3HWck": {
        "id": "2Mi3HWck",
        "title": "Construction and drug delivery of a fluorescent TPE-bridged cyclodextrin/hyaluronic acid supramolecular assembly",
        "abstract": "A supramolecular assembly was successfully constructed from tetraphenylethylene-bridged β-cyclodextrin tetramers (TPECD) and adamantyl-grafted hyaluronic acids (HAAD) and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, zeta potential, SEM, AFM and TEM. The obtained TPECD–HAAD assembly, which existed as spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 50 nm, emitted stronger fluorescence than free TPECD due to the restricted intramolecular rotation. Significantly, this supramolecular assembly can efficiently load the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) into cancer cells, and the resultant DOX@TPECD–HAAD system had higher anticancer ability and fewer side effects than free DOX.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mo Sun",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianjing Wu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "QZBbV2ZA": {
        "id": "QZBbV2ZA",
        "title": "Photo-responsive cyclodextrin/anthracene/Eu 3+ supramolecular assembly for a tunable photochromic multicolor cell label and fluorescent ink.",
        "abstract": "A photo-responsive supramolecular assembly was successfully constructed through the stoichiometric 2 : 1 non-covalent association of two 4-(anthracen-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid () units in one γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) cavity, followed by the subsequent coordination polymerization of the γ-CD·  (  = two ) inclusion complex with Eu(iii). Interestingly, owing to the photodimerization behavior of anthracene units and the excellent luminescence properties of Eu(iii), the Eu⊂γ-CD·  system showed multicolor fluorescence emission from cyan to red by irradiation for 0-16 minutes. Moreover, white light emission with CIE coordinates (0.32 and 0.36) was achieved at 4 min. Importantly, white light-containing multicolor emission could be obtained in water, solid films and living cells. Especially, the Eu⊂γ-CD·  system could tag living cells with marvelous white fluorescence and display no obvious cytotoxicity. Thus, this supramolecular assembly offers a new pathway in the fields of tunable photochromic fluorescent ink and cell labelling.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weilei Zhou",
                "org": "College of Chemistry , State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China . Email: yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry , State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China . Email: yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qilin Yu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology , College of Life Sciences , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peiyu Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry , State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China . Email: yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuman Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry , State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China . Email: yuliu@nankai.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "45NfV00x": {
        "id": "45NfV00x",
        "title": "Cover Picture: Construction, Enzyme Response, and Substrate Capacity of a Hyaluronan–Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Assembly (Chem. Asian J. 4/2016)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Hu",
                "org": "Nankai University Department Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University Department Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing‐Jing Li",
                "org": "Nankai University Department Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Nankai University Department Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Tianjin P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry-an Asian Journal",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "svIxteY6": {
        "id": "svIxteY6",
        "title": "A Supramolecular Artificial Light-Harvesting System with an Ultrahigh Antenna Effect.",
        "abstract": "An efficient artificial light-harvesting system is fabricated from a cyclic polysaccharide, sulfato-β-cyclodextrin (SCD); an aggregation-induced emission molecule, an oligo(phenylenevinylene) derivative (OPV-I); and a fluorescent dye, nile red (NiR), via noncovalent interactions in an aqueous solution. In this system, the OPV-I/SCD supramolecular assembly acts as a donor, and NiR that is loaded into the OPV-I/SCD assembly acts as an acceptor. Significantly, an efficient energy-transfer process occurs between the OPV-I/SCD assembly and the loaded NiR, leading to an extremely high antenna effect.",
        "keywords": [
            "aggregation-induced emission",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "light-harvesting systems",
            "supramolecular assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing-Jing Li",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ni Cheng",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "B6SF5ZiU": {
        "id": "B6SF5ZiU",
        "title": "Construction and Functions of Cyclodextrin-Based 1D Supramolecular Strands and their Secondary Assemblies.",
        "abstract": "Cyclodextrins (CDs), a class of cyclic oligosaccharides, are water-soluble, nontoxic, and commercial available with a low price, and their well-defined hydrophobic cavity can bind various organic/biological substrates. Through their molecular assembly mediated by organic, inorganic, or polymeric molecules as templates, CDs and their functional derivatives can be assembled to 1D supramolecular strands, wherein the functional groups of the CDs are closely located in a highly ordered manner. This structural feature greatly favors the cooperative effect of numerous functional groups in the supramolecular strand, as well as the interactions of the supramolecular strands with the multiple binding sites of substrates, especially biological substrates. Therefore, CD-based 1D supramolecular strands exhibit many material, biological, and catalytic functions, and these properties can be further improved through their secondary assembly. An overview of recent advances in the development of the construction and functions of CD-based 1D supramolecular strands and their secondary assemblies is given here. It is expected that the representative contributions described can inspire future investigations and lead to discoveries that promote the research of CD-based functional materials. ",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "induced aggregation",
            "nanosized materials",
            "supramolecular assembly",
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "P55i12fK": {
        "id": "P55i12fK",
        "title": "Tunable Supramolecular Assembly and Photoswitchable Conversion of Cyclodextrin/Diphenylalanine-Based 1D and 2D Nanostructures.",
        "abstract": "A photocontrolled, interconvertible supramolecular 2D-nanosheet/1D-nanotube system was constructed through the supramolecular assembly of adamantanyl-modified diphenylalanine with azobenzene-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin). The nanosheet exhibited a greater fluorescence enhancement effect than the nanotube. Significantly, these nanosheets and nanotubes could interconvert via the photocontrolled trans/cis isomerization of azobenzene linkers in bis(β-cyclodextrin), and this photo-switchable one-dimensional/two-dimensional morphological interconversion was reversible and recyclable. This enables convenient routes to highly ordered nanostructures with various morphologies and dimensions that can be controlled by external stimuli.",
        "keywords": [
            "host-guest complex",
            "isomerization",
            "photochemistry",
            "self-assembly",
            "supramolecular chemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "He-Lue Sun",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu Han",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "sHtrw2iE": {
        "id": "sHtrw2iE",
        "title": "Multiple-Stimuli Responsive and Tunable Luminescent Supramolecular Assembly by Oligo(p-phenylvinylene) and Surfactant: Multiple-Stimuli Responsive and Tunable Luminescent Supramolecular Assembly by Oligo(p-phenylvinylene) and Surfactant",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xu-Man Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "GWP77TFD": {
        "id": "GWP77TFD",
        "title": "Supramolecular Assembly of Cyclodextrins and Its Interactions with Nucleic Acid",
        "abstract": "Cyclodextrins(CDs) are a class of cyclic oligosaccharides with six to eight D-glucose units and widely applied in many fields of chemistry and biology.This review deals with the representative contributions in the construction of some bioactive cyclodextrin-based supramolecular assemblies,including cyclodextrin polypseudorotaxane,cyclodextrin/gold nanoparticle assembly,cyclodextrin/fullerene assembly,cyclodextrin/carbon nanotube assembly,and their interactions with nucleic acids,including the nucleic acid cleavage,condensation,delivery and the inhibition of nucleic acid enzymes.",
        "keywords": [
            "cyclodextrin",
            "supramolecular assembly",
            "nucleic acid"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "c C",
                "org": "hemistry,Department of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin )"
            },
            {
                "name": "y L",
                "org": "hemistry,Department of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin )"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "mKabGHYy": {
        "id": "mKabGHYy",
        "title": "Molecular Recognition Thermodynamics of Bile Salts by β-Cyclodextrin Dimers: Factors Governing the Cooperative Binding of Cyclodextrin Dimers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "thermodynamics",
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yu liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "y w lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhi jin fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fei ding",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "C6Kr4B3t": {
        "id": "C6Kr4B3t",
        "title": "Thermodynamics of Molecular Recognition of Bile Salts by 3,6'- (Oligoethylenediamino-Bridged) β-Cyclodextrin Dimers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "bile salt",
            "calorimetry",
            "cyclodextrin",
            "host-guest modeling systems",
            "inclusion phenomena",
            "molecular recognition",
            "synthetic receptors",
            "thermodynamics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shu Kang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shi",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "ZVBy2AWb": {
        "id": "ZVBy2AWb",
        "title": "Spectrophotometric and Calorimetric Titration Studies on Molecular Recognition of Camphor and Borneol by Nucleobase-Modified β-Cyclodextrins",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "0jbaSVhz": {
        "id": "0jbaSVhz",
        "title": "Molecular Recognition Thermodynamics of Bile Salts by β-Cyclodextrin Dimers:  Factors Governing the Cooperative Binding of Cyclodextrin Dimers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ding",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry B",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "Wyb7OBMj": {
        "id": "Wyb7OBMj",
        "title": "Effect of β-Cyclodextrin Charge Type on the Molecular Recognition Thermodynamics of Reactions with (Ferrocenylmethyl)dimethylaminium Derivatives",
        "abstract": "Complex stability constants (KS), standard molar enthalpic changes (DeltaH degrees ), and entropic changes (TDeltaS degrees ) for the inclusion complexations of native beta-cyclodextrin (1) and two oppositely charged beta-cyclodextrins, i.e., mono(6-amino-6-deoxy)- beta-cyclodextrin (2) and mono[6-O-6-(4-carboxylphenyl)]- beta-cyclodextrin (3), with two (ferrocenylmethyl)dimethylaminium derivatives, i.e., FC4+Br(-) and FC8+Br(-), were determined at 25 degrees C in aqueous phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.20) by means of isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC). Cyclic voltammetry studies showed that the ferrocene groups of the guests were included in the beta-cyclodextrin cavity to form host-guest complexes. As compared with neutral beta-cyclodextrin, the positively charged host 2 showed decreased binding toward (ferrocenylmethyl)dimethylaminium guests. This was attributed to electrostatic repulsion, while the negatively charged host 3 displayed increased binding due to electrostatic attractions. Thermodynamically, the ionization of host CDs affects both enthalpic and entropic changes of host-guest complexations presumably by changing the hydrophobicity and the desolvation effect of hosts upon inclusion complexation. Moreover, the solvent effect was also discussed from the viewpoint of thermodynamics.",
        "keywords": [
            "thermodynamics",
            "molecular recognition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Liu",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China. yuliu@nankai.edu.cn"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia-Yue He",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The journal of physical chemistry. B",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Ae2DT1eT": {
        "id": "Ae2DT1eT",
        "title": "The combination of optical tweezers and microwell array for cells physical manipulation and localization in microfluidic device.",
        "abstract": "A microfluidic device combined with the microwell array and optical tweezers was set up for cell manipulation, localization and cultivation. Yeast cells were manipulated by a 1,064 nm laser and transferred to microwell array as a demonstration. The flow velocities at which the yeast cell can be confined in microwells of different sizes are characterized. The simulation of the cell's flow trace in the microwell at different flow velocities is consisting with our experiment result. And we also proved a trapping laser power of 0.30 W is harmless for yeast cell cultivation. As a simple approach, this method can push forward the cell cultivation, cell interaction and other cell biology or biomedical studies in microfluidic system.",
        "keywords": [
            "Optical tweezers",
            "Microwell array",
            "Microfluidic device",
            "Cell manipulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology Beijing 100871 China Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Li",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology Beijing 100871 China Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyang Xiong",
                "org": "Peking University Department of Mechanics and Engineering, College of Engineering Beijing 100871 China Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Peng",
                "org": "Peking University Department of Mechanics and Engineering, College of Engineering Beijing 100871 China Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingli Kou",
                "org": "Université Paris–Sud Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR3361 91405 Orsay France 91405 Orsay France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure 24 rue Lhomond 75231 Paris France 24 rue Lhomond 75231 Paris France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology Beijing 100871 China Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology Beijing 100871 China Beijing 100871 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical microdevices",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "vyU7Ldvt": {
        "id": "vyU7Ldvt",
        "title": "High-throughput microfluidic system for monitoring diffusion-based monolayer yeast cell culture over long time periods.",
        "abstract": "We present a simple and high-throughput microfluidic system for diffusion-based monolayer yeast cell culture monitoring. Yeast cells are patterned into the micro-cavity array with a suitable height (4 μm) that keeps the cells fixed in monolayer during the cell division. Different sizes of cavities and different repeating times of injection were tested in order to realize as many single-cell/cavity as possible. Single-cell/cavity has been achieved in about 40% of 100 parallel cavities. As a demonstration, we apply this technology to investigate budding yeast and fission yeast cultures and show that it permits single-cell resolution over many cellular generations. Our results show that the technique provides an easy way to study the phenotype of single yeast cell cycle or cell-cell communication in high-throughput microfluidic system.",
        "keywords": [
            "Diffusion-based",
            "High-throughput",
            "Yeast cell",
            "Monolayer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Peking University Center for the Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingli Jiang",
                "org": "Peking University Center for the Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shibo Liang",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Peking University Center for the Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": "Peking University Center for the Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure 24 Rue Lhomond 75231 Paris France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical microdevices",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "TWeRjYtf": {
        "id": "TWeRjYtf",
        "title": "A fast cell loading and high-throughput microfluidic system for long-term cell culture in zero-flow environments.",
        "abstract": "We present a simple technique for cell loading, culturing, and phenotypic study in a multi-chamber microfluidic device made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This technique is based on the use of degassing induced aspiration of PDMS which allows loading cells into micro-cavities within 1 min. A large number of triangle cavities are patterned aside main flow channels with narrow connections so that cells can be loaded by aspirating into each cavity. In our device, high throughput and long-term monitoring can be done with minimum shear force of the flow. As a demonstration, we show a controlled loading at single cell level and the phenotypic variation of gene expression of the yeast strain w303 as a function of copper ion concentration of the medium.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell array",
            "fast loading",
            "long-term monitor",
            "zero flow",
            "cell culture",
            "high throughput"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianjia Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology and bioengineering",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "L9YSExqE": {
        "id": "L9YSExqE",
        "title": "High-throughput single-cell analysis for the proteomic dynamics study of the yeast osmotic stress response",
        "abstract": "A Nature Research Journal",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Rongfei Zhang",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shujing Wang",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyu Yuan",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Hao",
                "org": "Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific Reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "fRnNmKkU": {
        "id": "fRnNmKkU",
        "title": "Artificial lotus leaf by nanocasting.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Manhui Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Luping Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dapeng Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "sEYdidUM": {
        "id": "sEYdidUM",
        "title": "PDMS microfludic device for optical detection of protein immunoassay using gold nanoparticles.",
        "abstract": "A simple but highly specific immunoassay system for goat anti-human IgG has been developed using gold nanoparticles and microfluidic techniques. The assay is based on the deposition of gold nanoparticles that are coated with protein antigens in the presence of their corresponding antibodies to microfluidic channel surface. The effects of time accumulation, the flow velocity, and the concentration of antibodies to the red light absorption percentage (RAP) of deposition were investigated with an ordinary optical microscope. By controlling the reaction time and flow velocity, a dynamic range of 3 orders of magnitude and a detection sensitivity of 10 ng ml(-1) of goat anti-human IgG were achieved. Because of its simplicity and flexibility, this new technique should be useful for fast, highthroughput screening of antibodies in clinical diagnostic applications.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Luping Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Manhui Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lab on a chip",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "4KT3cXpl": {
        "id": "4KT3cXpl",
        "title": "Diffusion-based concentration control in microcavities during long time period by programmed syringe pumps",
        "abstract": "We propose a programmed syringe pumps system for diffusion-based concentration control in microcavities. Fluorescein is used to demonstrate the influence of different durations of unvarying injecting speed and different sizes of microcavities on the concentration control and distribution in the microcavities. With longer duration of unvarying injecting speed and smaller size of microcavities, the concentration control of the microcavities will be more consistent with the input signal. Using this system, we can precisely control sudden as well as gradual change of the microenvironment of cells within a period from several minutes to days by re-setting parameters of the program. As a demonstration, we apply this system to culture budding yeast cells in the microfluidic device and follow the growth status in precisely controlled nutritional environment. This system will be useful for high-throughput cell stimulation and differentiation studies.",
        "keywords": [
            "programmed syringe pumps",
            "microcavity array",
            "diffusion-based concentration control",
            "diffusion-based",
            "long time period",
            "programmed syringe pump",
            "high throughput"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guangwei Si",
                "org": "Center for Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, The State Key Laboratory fo ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Zhu",
                "org": "Center for Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, The State Key Laboratory fo ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yangsen Kang",
                "org": "Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Center for Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, The State Key Laboratory fo ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Center for Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, The State Key Laboratory fo ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Ecole No ..."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "FF4j8QBv": {
        "id": "FF4j8QBv",
        "title": "Application of microfluidic chip to realize controllable pH gradient",
        "abstract": "A kind of PH gradient microfluidic chips through soft-lithography microfabrication for isoelectric focusing (IEF) and high\n performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is introduced here. These pH gradient chips have the advantages such as easy fabrication,\n controllable pH range and precision, isoelectric focusing and separation at the same time, low voltage for isoelectric focusing,\n and time stable pH gradient. This method has potential application to sample preparation, separation and analysis of microfluidic\n chips.",
        "keywords": [
            "ph gradient",
            "microfluidic",
            "lab on a chip.",
            "laminar flows",
            "soft-lithography",
            "low voltage",
            "chip",
            "isoelectric focusing",
            "high performance liquid chromatography",
            "lab on a chip",
            "sample preparation",
            "soft lithography",
            "laminar flow"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, School of Physics 100871 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Manhui Sun",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, School of Physics 100871 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Luping Xu",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, School of Physics 100871 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiling Zhang",
                "org": "Chemistry Department of Wuhan University 430072 Wuhan China"
            },
            {
                "name": "C. Crozatier",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure 24 rue Lhomond 75231 Paris France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, School of Physics 100871 Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidic and Nanotechnology, School of Physics 100871 Beijing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "WhLcVUyT": {
        "id": "WhLcVUyT",
        "title": "Microfluidic generation and dynamically switching of oxygen gradients applied to the observation of cell aerotactic behaviour",
        "abstract": "We propose a simple but reliable technology for the generation of oxygen gradient in microfluidic devices, which is useful for cell aerotaxis study. The technology is based on single layer patterning of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and integration of a thin layer polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC). The PDMS layer was patterned to define a cell chamber embedded by two micro-channels, whereas the PVDC layer acts as barrier to prevent the diffusion of gas outside into the layer, thus forcing gas to diffuse along the PDMS layer. As a result, a linear oxygen gradient in the cell chamber can be established by controlling the gas contents inside the two micro-channels. By using 3-way valves, such a linear gradient could be changed from one state to another. To demonstrate the application potential of this approach, we used this device in the study of the aerotactic behaviour of magnetospirillum sp. strain AMB-1 and observed a stable and reversible cell migration by changing the gas distribution in the cell chamber. This system should be useful for better understanding of cell aerotactic mechanism.",
        "keywords": [
            "pvdc layer act",
            "cell aerotactic behaviour",
            "cell aerotaxis study",
            "single layer",
            "cell aerotactic mechanism",
            "reversible cell migration",
            "aerotaxis",
            "pdms layer",
            "dynamically switching",
            "microfluidics",
            "oxygen gradient",
            "thin layer polyvinylidene chloride",
            "cell chamber",
            "microfluidic generation",
            "gas distribution",
            "gas content",
            "cell migration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ning Li",
                "org": "College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking U ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Center for Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Zhu",
                "org": "Center for Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 864 ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liping Zhou",
                "org": "College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "NZZWvDHg": {
        "id": "NZZWvDHg",
        "title": "Picoliter-volume aqueous droplets in oil: electrochemical detection and yeast cell electroporation.",
        "abstract": "An electrochemical detection method was introduced for aqueous droplet analysis in oil phase of microfluidic devices. This method is based on the electrochemical signal difference between aqueous and oil. Applying a low alternating current (AC) voltage to a couple of Au microelectrodes, this method can offer size information and ion concentration range from 0.02 mmol/L to 1 mol/L of tens of picoliter to nanoliter aqueous droplets. Alternatively, applying a relative high AC voltage (18 Vpp) at a frequency of 1 kHz leads to electroporation of yeast cells encapsulated into picoliter droplets. We believe that this simple technique is useful for a number of aqueous droplet-based chemical and biological analyses as well as cell electroporation.",
        "keywords": [
            "aqueous droplet",
            "cell electroporation",
            "electrochemical detection",
            "yeast cell"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojing Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Manhui Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrophoresis",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "nMzpjRLa": {
        "id": "nMzpjRLa",
        "title": "An automatic microturbidostat for bacterial culture at constant density.",
        "abstract": "We have developed a microturbidostat for long time bacterial culture at constant density controlled by optical detection and integrated pneumatic valves. The device was fabricated by multilayer soft lithography and in-situ formation of an agarose filter. The culture chamber of bacteria was connected in one side to a single bacterial input-output channel and in another side to a nutrient channel in which the agarose filter was formed to ensure the diffusion of nutrients and metabolites without bacterial loss. The bacterial number in the culture chamber was determined by measuring the fluorescence intensity of GFP proteins of the bacteria and the redundant bacteria could be exported automatically through the input-output channel with integrated micro-valves. In order to optimize the operation performance, we investigated the bacterial exportation efficiency with different input-output channel widths. As expected, the bacterial sorting coefficient was proportional to the input-output channel width. The results also showed that with a 20 microm channel-width, a long time culture was possible with a constant bacterial number in the chamber in the range from 400 to 700.",
        "keywords": [
            "Microfluidics",
            "Microturbidostat",
            "Bacterial growth"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianjia Luo",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology and School of Physics, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kangyang Shen",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology and School of Physics, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology and School of Physics, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology and School of Physics, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology and School of Physics, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics Beijing 100871 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Peking University Center for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology and School of Physics, The State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics Beijing 100871 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical microdevices",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "zAFqKC5f": {
        "id": "zAFqKC5f",
        "title": "A micro-channel-well system for culture and differentiation of embryonic stem cells on different types of substrate.",
        "abstract": "We have developed a combined micro-channel and micro-well system for easy cell loading, culture and post-culture operation\n on a chip. To demonstrate the reliability of the system, on chip cell culture and differentiation were performed with different\n types of substrates made of culture dish, glass cover slide and polydimethylsiloaxe (PDMS). As expected, mouse embryo fibroblasts\n (MEF) showed different adhesion and growth rate on different substrates. When embryonic stem (ES) cells were co-cultured with\n MEFs, the formation of ES colonies is efficient on both glass and Petri dish, although PDMS could also be used. Finally, ES\n cell differentiation with neuron growth factors was performed on different substrates, showing clear advantages of using culture\n Petri dish over both glass and PDMS.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell culture",
            "substrate",
            "embryonic stem cells",
            "microfluidics",
            "cell differentiation",
            "system on chip",
            "embryonic stem cell",
            "chip"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofeng Ni",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kaori Yamauchi",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shinichi M. Nomura",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Norio Nakatsuji",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical microdevices",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "6O7CenF9": {
        "id": "6O7CenF9",
        "title": "Pillars and Pillar Arrays Integrated in Microfluidic Channels: Fabrication Methods and Applications in Molecular and Cell Biology",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jian shi",
                "org": "ecole normale superieure"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "kyoto university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "LHI1Yrup": {
        "id": "LHI1Yrup",
        "title": "Extracellular Recordings of Patterned Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes on Aligned Fibers.",
        "abstract": "Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) hold high potential for use in drug assessment and myocardial regeneration. To create tissue-like constructs of CMs for extracellular monitoring, we placed aligned fibers (AFs) on the surface of a microelectrode array and then seeded hiPSC-CMs for subsequent monitoring for 14 days. As expected, the CMs organized into anisotropic and matured tissue and the extracellular recordings showed reduced premature beating higher signal amplitude and a higher probability of T-wave detection as compared to the culture without fibers. The CMs on the aligned fibers samples also exhibited anisotropic propagation of the field potential. These results therefore suggest that the hiPSC-CMs cultured on AFs can be used more reliably for cell based assays. ",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Itsunari Minami",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Leqian Yu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishi-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kiyotaka Tsuji",
                "org": "Bio Research Department, Device Research Laboratory, Advanced Research Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-4 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Minako Nakajima",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishi-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Qiao",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Masato Suzuki",
                "org": "Bio Research Department, Device Research Laboratory, Advanced Research Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-4 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ken Shimono",
                "org": "Bio Research Department, Device Research Laboratory, Advanced Research Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-4 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Norio Nakatsuji",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hitetoshi Kotera",
                "org": "Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishi-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Stem cells international",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "FTJR3TPE": {
        "id": "FTJR3TPE",
        "title": "Low Cell-Matrix Adhesion Reveals Two Subtypes of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.",
        "abstract": "We show that a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) population cultured on a low-adhesion substrate developed two hPSC subtypes with different colony morphologies: flat and domed. Notably, the dome-like cells showed higher active proliferation capacity and increased several pluripotent genes' expression compared with the flat monolayer cells. We further demonstrated that cell-matrix adhesion mediates the interaction between cell morphology and expression of KLF4 and KLF5 through a serum response factor (SRF)-based regulatory double loop. Our results provide a mechanistic view on the coupling among adhesion, stem cell morphology, and pluripotency, shedding light on the critical role of cell-matrix adhesion in the induction and maintenance of hPSC.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell-matrix adhesion",
            "heterogeneity",
            "human pluripotent stem cells",
            "mathematical model",
            "nanofiber",
            "serum response factor",
            "single-cell culture",
            "stem cell morphology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Leqian Yu",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Nanometrics Laboratory, Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiayin Hong",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yasuhiro Takashima",
                "org": "Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nanae Fujimoto",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Nanometrics Laboratory, Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Minako Nakajima",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Nanometrics Laboratory, Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Akihisa Yamamoto",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofeng Dong",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yujiao Dang",
                "org": "Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing 100876, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Hou",
                "org": "Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing 100876, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Yang",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Itsunari Minami",
                "org": "Department of Cell Design for Tissue Construction Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Keisuke Okita",
                "org": "Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Motomu Tanaka",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D69120, Germany."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fuchou Tang",
                "org": "Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing 100876, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 Rue Lhomond, Paris 75005, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Tang",
                "org": "Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Electronic address: tangc@pku.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hidetoshi Kotera",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Nanometrics Laboratory, Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan. Electronic address: kotera.hidetoshi.7e@kyoto-u.jp."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: li-liu@surg1.med.osaka-u.ac.jp."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Stem cell reports",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "7vgAb7Gx": {
        "id": "7vgAb7Gx",
        "title": "Degassing-assisted patterning of cell culture surfaces.",
        "abstract": "We developed an alternative patterning technique which is capable of producing both topographic and biochemical features for cell culture studies. This technique is based on microaspiration induced with a degassed poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mold. After degassing in a rough vacuum chamber and placed on a sample surface, liquid solution can be aspired through channels and cavities created in the PDMS mold. Depending on the composition of the solution and the associated drying or incubation processes, a variety of surface patterns can be produced without applying external pressure. For demonstration, we fabricated agarose gel microwells and biomolecule patterns either on a glass plate or in a cell culture Petri dish, both applicable for cell culture studies.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell culture",
            "soft lithography",
            "surface patterning"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofang Ni",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shin-ichiro M Nomura",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology and bioengineering",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ZDZuwCJm": {
        "id": "ZDZuwCJm",
        "title": "Protein synthesis in giant liposomes using the in vitro translation system of Thermococcus kodakaraensis.",
        "abstract": "An in vitro translation system, based on cell components of the hyperthermophilic archaeon, Thermococcus kodakaraensis, has previously been developed. The system has been optimized and applied for protein production at high temperatures (60-65 degrees C). In this paper, we have examined the possibilities to utilize this system at a lower temperature range using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as the reporter protein. By optimizing the composition of the reaction mixture, and adding chaperonins from the mesophilic Escherichia coli, the yield of protein production at 40 degrees C was increased by fivefold. For liposome encapsulation of the optimized system, water-in-oil cell-sized emulsions were prepared by adding the translation system/GFP mRNA mixture to mineral oil supplemented with 1,2-dioleoyl-sn -glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC). Giant liposomes were formed when these emulsions passed across a water/oil interface occupied with DOPC. The liposomes were incubated at 40 degrees C for 90 min, and fluorescence was examined by laser confocal microscopy. A significant increase in average fluorescence intensity was observed in liposomes with GFP mRNA, but not in those without mRNA. Our results indicate that the T. kodakaraensis in vitro translation system is applicable for protein production within giant liposomes, and these artificial cell models should provide the methodology to reconstitute various cell functions from a constitutional biology approach.",
        "keywords": [
            "artificial cells",
            "temperature 40 degc",
            "chaperonins",
            "emulsions",
            "protein synthesis",
            "biological systems",
            "liposome",
            "cellular biophysics",
            "thermococcus kodakaraensis",
            "encapsulation",
            "artificial cell models",
            "gfp mrna",
            "proteins",
            "lipid bilayers",
            "fluorescence",
            "green fluorescence protein",
            "molecular biophysics",
            "1",
            "optical microscopy",
            "laser confocal microscopy",
            "time 90 min",
            "hyperthermophilic archaeon",
            "2-dioleoyl-sn -glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine",
            "mesophilic escherichia coli",
            "cell-free protein synthesis",
            "biomembranes",
            "cell components",
            "water-in-oil cell-sized emulsions",
            "giant liposomes",
            "in vitro translation system",
            "petroleum",
            "in vitro",
            "production systems",
            "synthetic biology",
            "confocal microscopy",
            "escherichia coli",
            "green fluorescent protein"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kazuaki Yamaji",
                "org": "Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. yamajikazuaki@t03.mbox.media.kyoto-u.ac.jp"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tamotsu Kanai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shin-Ichiro M. Nomura",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kazunari Akiyoshi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Makiko Negishi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haruyuki Atomi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenichi Yoshikawa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tadayuki Imanaka",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE transactions on nanobioscience",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "r6VksONE": {
        "id": "r6VksONE",
        "title": "Fabrication of high density gold nanoparticle arrays on glass for high sensitivity bio-detection",
        "abstract": "We report a nanofabrication process to produce high density arrays of self-assembled gold nanoparticle on glass substrates which can be used for surface plasmon based bio-sensing. Capillary assisted particle assembly (CAPA) has been used to trap gold particles of 80-150nm diameters into arrays of holes of 90-160nm diameters made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). A thermal assisted micro-contact printing technique was developed to transfer the assembled gold nanoparticles on the surface of a glass substrate using a spin coated thin layer thermoplastic polymer for adhesion. Our results showed that it is possible to obtain homogenous gold particle assembly with a pitch size down of 160nm. The fabricated samples were used for optical determination of refractive indices of chemical solutions based on surface plasmon bio-sensing.",
        "keywords": [
            "particle assembly",
            "trap gold particle",
            "self-assembled gold nanoparticle",
            "gold nanoparticles",
            "high density array",
            "high density gold nanoparticle",
            "surface plasmon",
            "surface plasmon bio-sensing",
            "glass substrate",
            "homogenous gold particle assembly",
            "high sensitivity bio-detection",
            "chemical solution",
            "nanoparticles",
            "self assembly",
            "bio sensors",
            "nanofabrication"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kevin Lhoste",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Laurent Malaquin",
                "org": "Institut Curie/CNRS/UPMC UMR168, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Laurent Billot",
                "org": "Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, CNRS, Route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Anne Marie Haghiri-Gosnet",
                "org": "Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, CNRS, Route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "tuog9ruY": {
        "id": "tuog9ruY",
        "title": "Giant liposome sorting/collection device: For individual analysis of artificial cell-models",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "microfluidics",
            "microscopy",
            "biomems",
            "quantitative analysis",
            "proteins"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s nomura",
                "org": "kyoto university"
            },
            {
                "name": "li liu",
                "org": "kyoto university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "kyoto university"
            },
            {
                "name": "hisataka maruyama",
                "org": "tohoku university"
            },
            {
                "name": "fumihito arai",
                "org": "tohoku university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "w4BDFnBc": {
        "id": "w4BDFnBc",
        "title": "Nano-on-micro fibrous extracellular matrices for scalable expansion of human ES/iPS cells",
        "abstract": "Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) hold great potential for industrial and clinical applications. Clinical-grade scaffolds and high-quality hPSCs are required for cell expansion as well as easy handling and manipulation of the products. Current hPSC culture methods do not fulfill these requirements because of a lack of proper extracellular matrices (ECMs) and cell culture wares. We developed a layered nano-on-micro fibrous cellular matrix mimicking ECM, named “fiber-on-fiber (FF)” matrix, which enables easy handling and manipulation of cultured cells. While non-woven sheets of cellulose and polyglycolic acid were used as a microfiber layer facilitating mechanical stability, electrospun gelatin nanofibers were crosslinked on the microfiber layer, generating a mesh structure with connected nanofibers facilitating cell adhesion and growth. Our results showed that the FF matrix supports effective hPSC culture with maintenance of their pluripotency and normal chromosomes over two months, as well as effective scaled-up expansion, with fold increases of 54.1 ± 15.6 and 40.4 ± 8.4 in cell number per week for H1 human embryonic stem cells and 253G1 human induced pluripotent stem cells, respectively. This simple approach to mimick the ECM may have important implications after further optimization to generate lineage-specific products.",
        "keywords": [
            "Extracellular matrix",
            "Human pluripotent stem cells",
            "Nanofiber",
            "Scaled-up culture",
            "Self-renewal"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ken-ichiro Kamei",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Momoko Yoshioka",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Minako Nakajima",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nanae Fujimoto",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;Department of Micro Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku-katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiho Terada",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumie Tokunaga",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshie Koyama",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hideki Sato",
                "org": "QOL Research Center, Gunze Limited, Kyoto, 623-8512 Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kouichi Hasegawa",
                "org": "Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bangalore, 560065, India;Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Norio Nakatsuji",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan;Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 Rue Lhomond, Paris, 75005, France;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomaterials",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "s8kqQxey": {
        "id": "s8kqQxey",
        "title": "Fabrication of polymer fiber scaffolds by centrifugal spinning for cell culture studies",
        "abstract": "We demonstrate a mass production amenable technology for the fabrication of polymer fibers that can be used as 3D scaffolds for cell culture and tissue engineering. As the first attempt, we used centrifugal melt spinning technique to fabricate fiber matrix of poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) which is a well-known biodegradable co-polymer. We then developed a solvent assisted centrifugal spinning technique to produce fiber matrix of polystyrene (PS) which has a relative high glass transition temperature comparing to that of PLGA. Both melt spinning and solvent assisted spinning techniques were studied with two types of commercial cotton-candy machines. Finally, the fabricated fibers were used as scaffolds for cell culture, showing application potentials for large volume cell proliferation.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell culture",
            "scaffolds",
            "spinning technique",
            "large volume cell proliferation",
            "mass production amenable technology",
            "tissue engineering",
            "centrifugal spinning technique",
            "polymer fiber scaffold",
            "cell culture study",
            "commercial cotton-candy machine",
            "poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid",
            "fiber matrix",
            "polymer fiber",
            "polymer fibers",
            "application potential",
            "cell proliferation",
            "mass production",
            "glass transition temperature"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan and Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan and Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emilie Secret",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan and Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "AeFRLw98": {
        "id": "AeFRLw98",
        "title": "Differentiating stem cells on patterned substrates for neural network formation",
        "abstract": "Both 3D topographic and 2D adhesive network patterns were used to guide the growth and differentiation of embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells towards a neurogenic lineage. In the case of topographic patterns, lattices composed of square micro-wells for single cell trapping combined with connection channels for neurite outgrowth guidance were designed, with optimal conditions being obtained with large well sizes and short channel lengths. In the case of adhesive micro-contact printed patterns, a similar network design can be applied, but the ''well'' size should be significantly smaller. Our results also proved the neuron-like characteristics of the induced cellular networks.",
        "keywords": [
            "induced cellular network",
            "topographic pattern",
            "neural networks",
            "neurite outgrowth guidance",
            "connection channel",
            "neuron-like characteristic",
            "neural network formation",
            "stem cells",
            "mesenchymal stem cell",
            "adhesive network pattern",
            "similar network design",
            "differentiating stem cell",
            "micropatterns",
            "adhesive micro-contact",
            "neurogenic lineage",
            "neural network",
            "stem cell",
            "cellular network",
            "network design"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ChunXiong Luo",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan and Center for the Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University,  ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "XiaoFang Ni",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan and Ecole Normale Superieure, UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan and Ecole Normale Superieure, UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shinichiro M. Nomura",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Center for the Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan and Center for the Theoretical Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University,  ..."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "bucw1Q2v": {
        "id": "bucw1Q2v",
        "title": "Clonal Isolation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells on Nanofibrous Substrates Reveals an Advanced Subclone for Cardiomyocyte Differentiation.",
        "abstract": "Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been widely used for various applications including disease modeling and regenerative medicine, among others. Recently, an increasing number of studies has focused on heterogeneity among hPSCs, which could affect cell quality and subsequent applications. In this study, a nanofibrous platform is developed for single human induced pluripotent stem cell isolation and culture. One type of single cell-derived subclone is established and found to have a distinct morphology compared to other subclones. When used for differentiation toward cardiomyocytes, this type of subclone demonstrates higher differentiation efficiency, increased maturation, and stronger beating compared to those derived from the other subclones. The findings provide a convenient method for single-cell isolation and culture, and demonstrate that variations in differentiation tendencies exist among subclones from the same cell line. This substrate adhesion-based selection process could be used to obtain cell lines with improved differentiation efficiency toward cardiomyocytes and other cell types, which would be advantageous for studies in various fields.",
        "keywords": [
            "cardiomyocytes differentiation",
            "iPSC",
            "nanofibers"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Leqian Yu",
                "org": "Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Itsunari Minami",
                "org": "Department of Cell Design for Tissue Construction, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Qu",
                "org": "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shigeru Miyagawa",
                "org": "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nanae Fujimoto",
                "org": "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kouichi Hasegawa",
                "org": "Institutes for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Paris, 75005, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshiki Sawa",
                "org": "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hidetoshi Kotera",
                "org": "Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced healthcare materials",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "hPwrkca7": {
        "id": "hPwrkca7",
        "title": "Impedance monitoring of cell adhesion and growth on mesoporous membrane",
        "abstract": "We present a microdevice configuration for impedance monitoring of adherent cells cultured on the surface of mesoporous membranes. The device fabrication was based on a 3 layer PDMS process which allows easy integration of microelectrodes in close proximity to cultured cells. The measurements were performed with HeLa cells on 30nm diameter membranes of polycarbonate and embedded Pt and Ag/AgCl electrodes. As expected, the impedance of the cell-membrane assembly changes rapidly during the first 30min due to cell adhesion and it continuously increases until cell confluence at day 5. This membrane based device configuration should be useful for accurate and real-time monitoring in cell adhesion, growth and migration studies.",
        "keywords": [
            "device fabrication",
            "real-time monitoring",
            "impedance monitoring",
            "cell confluence",
            "hela cell",
            "microdevice configuration",
            "adherent cell",
            "mesoporous membrane",
            "cell adhesion",
            "cultured cell",
            "device configuration",
            "cell culture",
            "impedance spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lianmei Jiang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France and Chemistry Department of East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianmiao Liu",
                "org": "Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelle, CNRS UPR 2301, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Liu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiannong Ye",
                "org": "Chemistry Department of East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "8lBmK86O": {
        "id": "8lBmK86O",
        "title": "3P212 Single-molecule tracking of PKC received and transferred by diffusing small antennas of signal-induced diacylglycerol(Cell biology,The 48th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "min xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "munenori ishibashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ikuko koyamahonda",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a shibata",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chieko nakada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "takahiro fujiwara",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "naoaki saito",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dalwen pang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "akihiro kusumi",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biophysics",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "C4jZGeOa": {
        "id": "C4jZGeOa",
        "title": "Culture substrates made of elastomeric micro-tripod arrays for long-term expansion of human pluripotent stem cells",
        "abstract": "Culturing and expansion of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) depend on the chemical and physical properties of the substrates. Gel-coated substrates providing low stiffness are commonly used for long-term pluripotency maintenance of hPSCs. We previously reported that gelatin nanofibrous substrates also allow long-term culturing of hPSCs, suggesting the importance of three-dimensional (3D) organization of extracellular matrix proteins. To further evaluate the significance of 3D features and material stiffness, we fabricated elastomeric micro-tripod arrays (MTAs) and maintained hPSC propagation over 10 passages without observing the pluripotency loss or the development of chromosomal abnormality. We also found that the hPSC colonies on MTAs were more rounded than those on gel-coated flat substrates. Theoretical analyses suggested that the effective stiffness of elastomeric MTAs is comparable to that of gel-coated substrates and that the effect of structural anisotropy is negligible. Cells on MTAs benefit from enhanced diffusion underneath the hPSC colonies as well as enzyme-free detachment from the substrate during passage.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "F. Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "F. Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "F. Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Leqian Yu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nanae Fujimoto",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Momoko Yoshioka",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "X. Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "X. Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "X. Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue de Lhomond,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hidetoshi Kotera",
                "org": "Department of Micro Engineering, Kyoto University,Kyoto 615-8540,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Chemistry B",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "AXGjEepp": {
        "id": "AXGjEepp",
        "title": "Investigation of cell culture in microfluidic devices with different bi-layer substrates",
        "abstract": "Microfluidic devices with bi-layer substrates of different stiffness but the same surface chemistry were used for cell culture studies. Whereas the proposed microfluidic culture platform is advantageous for data collection and minimum consumption of material and reagents, the bi-layer substrate provides unique alternation of material properties to elucidate the mechanic responses of different types of cells, including mouse embryo fibroblasts, embryonic stem cells and cerebella granule cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "microfluidic device",
            "data collection",
            "proposed microfluidic culture platform",
            "material property",
            "embryonic stem cell",
            "cell culture",
            "extra cellular matrix",
            "cerebella granule cell",
            "different type",
            "cell culture study",
            "different bi-layer substrate",
            "microfluidic",
            "different stiffness",
            "bi-layer substrate",
            "surface chemistry",
            "material properties"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan and Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan and Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "bBGo3Wph": {
        "id": "bBGo3Wph",
        "title": "Electrospun nanofibers as a tool for architecture control in engineered cardiac tissue.",
        "abstract": "This paper presents an in vitro system for cardiac tissue engineering based on cardiomyocytes cultured on electrospun polymethylglutarimide (PMGI) nanofibrous meshes either imprinted on solid substrate or suspended in space. Special care was taken over the ability to control the tissue architecture. The electrospinning process allowed nano-scale diameter PMGI fibers with different positioning density to be collected in a random or in an aligned way that defines the general configuration of the mesh. Micro-imprinted on solid substrate nanofibers guarantee aligned cell growth, when the distance between them is 30 μm or less. Suspended in 3D space, nanofibers define the overall architecture of the tissue, depending on orientation and positioning density of the nanofibers. As a result, cardiac cells proliferated into contractile tissue filaments, open-worked tissue meshes and continuous anisotropic cell sheets. Alignment of the cells was characterized by elongation of the cell shape and orientation of the α-actin filaments supported by the FFT data. The advantage of this method is its ability to maintain both three-dimensionality and structural anisotropy.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell culture",
            "electrospinning",
            "nanofibers",
            "polymethylglutarimide",
            "cardiac tissue engineering",
            "tissue engineering",
            "cell proliferation",
            "cell growth",
            "three dimensional",
            "actin filaments"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuliya Orlova",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Research Complex 2, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nobuyuki Magome",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Research Complex 2, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Research Complex 2, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Research Complex 2, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Konstantin Agladze",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomaterials",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "FBxX9uCZ": {
        "id": "FBxX9uCZ",
        "title": "Parametric optimization of micro-contact printing based thermal transfer of electrospun nanofibers",
        "abstract": "We report on the results of a parametric optimization of micro-contact printing based thermal transfer of electrospun nanofibers. Fiber electrospinning was performed with a solution of thermoplastic polymer and a collector having a rectangular open area. After electrospinning, a piece of elastomer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used to scratch nanofibers from the open area and to thermally transfer them to the surface of a glass substrate by micro-contact printing at a temperature slightly higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer. With the help of optical measurements, we optimized the printing conditions including the temperature and printing duration. Then, the stability of the transferred nanofibers was studied with sonication at different power rates. As expected, the printed nanofibers showed a much enhanced adhesion stability, comparing to the as-deposited nanofibers. Furthermore, the nanofibers after thermal transfer could be used for patterning by using conventional photolithography and reactive ion etch techniques. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Electrospinning",
            "Micro-contact printing",
            "Pattern transfer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Liu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emilie Secret",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoli Zhang",
                "org": "University of Lanzhou(University of Lanzhou,Lanzhou City University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "JvQBaFZb": {
        "id": "JvQBaFZb",
        "title": "In vitro Metabolism of Strychnine by Human Cytochrome P450 and Its Interaction with Glycyrrhetic Acid",
        "abstract": "Objective To investigate the metabolism of strychnine(STN)and the metabolic interaction between STN and glycyrrhetic acid(GA)in vitro.Methods Human liver microsomes(HLM)and human recombinant cytochrome P450(CYP)isoforms were employed to study the metabolism of STN and the metabolic interaction of STN with GA in vitro.Results In HLM,the Km,Vmax,and clearance of STN were 88.50μmol/L,0.88 nmol/(mg·min),and 9.93 mL/(mg·min),respectively.STN was metabolized mainly by CYP3A4.However,STN noncompetitively inhibited CYP3A4-catalyzed testosterone 6β-hydroxylation with IC50 value of 5.9μmol/L and Ki value of 5.5 μmol/L.Moreover,GA competitively inhibited STN metabolism with IC50 value of 10.6μmol/L and Ki value of 17.7μmol/L.Conclusion Although STN is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 in vitro,STN has noncompetitive inhibition on CYP3A4-catalyzed testosterone 6β-hydroxylation.Moreover,GA could competitively inhibit STN metabolism.The present work is helpful to elucidate the metabolic interaction between STN and GA.",
        "keywords": [
            "human liver microsomes",
            "metabolism",
            "glycyrrhetic acid",
            "cytochrome p450",
            "strychnine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "li liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "juan xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhihong peng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "w u wenhua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d u peng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "中草药(英文版)",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "XY55jr2h": {
        "id": "XY55jr2h",
        "title": "3D printed PEGDA microstructures for gelatin scaffold integration and neuron differentiation",
        "abstract": "Three dimensional (3D) printing techniques can be used for scaffold fabrication but the most of them are limited by resolution and material choice. To bypass these limitations, we developed an approach by combining conventional 3D printing and freeze-drying techniques to produce lattice-type backbone and embedding microporous structures. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), a biocompatible and photosensitive pre-polymer, was chosen for 3D printing of the backbone, while gelatin was used for the formation of microporous structures. The fabricated PEGDA/gelatin scaffolds were used for culture and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), showing infiltration of the cells and outgrowth of differentiated neurites. This strategy of combined use of 3D printing and freeze-drying techniques might be useful for scaffold fabrication in terms of easy design and easy material processing. Display Omitted 3D printing is used to produce a lattice-type backbone of PEGDA scaffold.Microporous structures are obtained by freeze-drying of gelatin gel filled in the scaffold.The PEGDA/gelatin hybrid scaffold is compatible to cell culture and tissue engineering.The scaffold is used for differentiation of neuron progenitor cells.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Tu",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lina Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Wei",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhijun Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "eQXiKYXP": {
        "id": "eQXiKYXP",
        "title": "Induction and differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into functional cardiomyocytes on a compartmented monolayer of gelatin nanofibers.",
        "abstract": "Extensive efforts have been devoted to develop new substrates for culture and differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) toward cardiac cell-based assays. A more exciting prospect is the construction of cardiac tissue for robust drug screening and cardiac tissue repairing. Here, we developed a patch method by electrospinning and crosslinking of monolayer gelatin nanofibers on a honeycomb frame made of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). The monolayer of the nanofibrous structure can support cells with minimal exogenous contact and a maximal efficiency of cell-medium exchange whereas a single hiPSC colony can be uniformly formed in each of the honeycomb compartments. By modulating the treatment time of the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632, the shape of the hiPSC colony could be controlled from a flat layer to a hemisphere. Afterwards, the induction and differentiation of hiPSCs were achieved on the same patch, leading to a uniform cardiac layer with homogeneous contraction. This cardiac layer could then be used for extracellular recording with a commercial multi-electrode array, showing representative field potential waveforms of matured cardiac tissues with appropriate drug responses. ",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Leqian Yu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanoscale",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "lftKhqBx": {
        "id": "lftKhqBx",
        "title": "Incorporating protein gradient into electrospun nanofibers as scaffolds for tissue engineering.",
        "abstract": "We report a simple but straightforward approach to produce nanofiber scaffolds with incorporated protein gradient for cell culture studies. Standard electrospinning technique was used to fabricate a high-porosity random fiber matrix. Protein molecules were then deposited in the fiber matrix by a controlled filling method, allowing the generation of a concentration gradient on the sample. When cultured with NIH 3T3 cells, it was found that the cell population on the fiber matrix depends strongly on the protein concentration. The cell morphology observation also showed the effect of the hybrid system containing both a fibrillar network and surface-coated protein gradient, revealing a different behavior of cell spreading in comparison with the experimental data of cell culture without fibers or without protein gradient.",
        "keywords": [
            "tissue engineering"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Lei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "31i6Ix9d": {
        "id": "31i6Ix9d",
        "title": "Diffraction patterns of a water-submerged superhydrophobic grating under pressure.",
        "abstract": "We report on a study of superhydrophobic surfaces submerged in water in a fluidic chamber. A surface-treated transmission grating was used as a superhydrophobic layer that had a well-defined diffraction pattern when a laser beam passed through the water-submerged grating sample, indicating a Cassie-Baxter state with trapped air between the water and grating interfaces. By applying pressure to the water in the fluidic chamber, the diffraction pattern can be changed because of the volume reduction of trapped air or water penetration into the grating. Depending on the maximum value of applied pressure in the fluidic chamber, the diffraction pattern change can be either reversible or irreversible after the release of the pressure. We attribute the irreversible change under high applied pressure to the switching from a Cassie-Baxter state to a Wenzel state.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lei Lei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ad1F1c6S": {
        "id": "ad1F1c6S",
        "title": "Effect of memory on the prisoner's dilemma game in a square lattice.",
        "abstract": "We have studied the effect of memory on the evolution of the prisoner's dilemma game in square lattice networks. Based on extensive simulations, we found that the density of cooperators was enhanced by an increasing memory effect for most parameters. However, we also observed that the density of cooperators decreased with an increased memory effect in the case of a large memory and moderate temptation. It is interesting to note that memory makes cooperators immune from temptation. The strength of protection reaches its maximal value only for a moderate memory effect.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Meng Qin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Ying Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics|Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "2MDCpc9O": {
        "id": "2MDCpc9O",
        "title": "Microfluidic refractometer with integrated optical fibers and end-facet transmission gratings.",
        "abstract": "We demonstrated a microfluidic refractometer with an integrated high resolution transmission grating. This grating was fabricated by UV nanoimprinting on the end facet of a multimode optical fiber which was then placed in the plan of the microfluidic device and perpendicular to a microchannel. On the opposite side of the channel, three cleaved optical fibers were added for the light collection of the zeroth and the +/- first diffraction orders. A white light source was used for illumination and the diffraction beams were analyzed with a minispectrometer. The transmission grating was merged in the sample solution of the channel, providing a refractive index-dependent diffraction efficiency. As expected, the diffraction efficiency of the zeroth and the +/- first diffraction orders are different, both being reliable for the refractive index monitoring. Such a white source and multibeam diffraction analysis also allows monitoring the sample absorption or fluorescence, thereby providing a more accurate determination of the sample refraction index.",
        "keywords": [
            "fiber optic",
            "diffraction grating",
            "refractive index",
            "optical fiber",
            "optical fibre"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lei Lei",
                "org": "CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Li",
                "org": "CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Review of scientific instruments",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "a0Rx0Cnt": {
        "id": "a0Rx0Cnt",
        "title": "Fabrication of PLGA nanofibers on PDMS micropillars for neuron culture studies",
        "abstract": "We fabricated a nanocomposite substrate made of nanofibers on micropillar arrays by photolithography, soft lithography and electrospinning for cell culture studies. This nanocomposite substrate combines the advantage of the extra-cellular matrix (ECM)-like surface morphology and high porosity and low stiffness of underneath supporting material. For neuronal culture studies, we used nanofibers of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) on high aspect ratio micropillars of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Our results showed that primary hippocampal neurons on such a nanocomposite substrate have different cell morphology than on flat surfaces and they showed more electric activities. Thus, the nanofiber-micropillar composite substrates were shown to be useful for neuron culture studies. Display Omitted A novel substrate was fabricated via electrospun nanofibers on elastomeric micropillars for the formation of neural networks.Neurons/glial cells on the microarrays are functional and respond to pharmacological stimulations in the physiological way.Nanofibers provides additional mechanical and morphological features that modify the electrical activity of the network.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jin Wei",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Suprieure, PSL Research University, Dpartement de Chimie, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Diletta Pozzi",
                "org": "International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA),34100 Trieste, Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Paolo Ulloa Severino",
                "org": "International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA),34100 Trieste, Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Vincent Torre",
                "org": "International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA),34100 Trieste, Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "lLsoQRKC": {
        "id": "lLsoQRKC",
        "title": "Agarose multi-wells for tumour spheroid formation and anti-cancer drug test",
        "abstract": "Cell-based assays can be applied to evaluate the efficiency of anti-cancer drugs but the conventional approaches are mostly based on two-dimensional cell culture which is not able to recapitulate the tumour specificity. Here we developed a method to culture millimetre size tumour spheroids that is useful for anticancer drug studies. Agarose multi-wells were obtained by casting on polymethylsiloxane (PDMS) mould, which were then used for culture of U87-MG human glioblastoma. As expected, large size tumour spheroids could be generated after 24h incubation. Comparing to the multi-well systems made of PDMS or polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), agarose multi-wells are clearly advantageous due to the hydrophobic surface and the high permeability of agarose. After culture for 10days, the tumour spheroids in agarose wells stopped to grow and the further increase of the cell seeding density had no effect on the final size of the spheroids. To study the anticancer drug effect, combretastatin A-4 (CA4) was added on day 2 or day 4, showing clear effects on the tumour spheroids and cell viability. More importantly, the live/dead cell staining images suggested that an earlier drug treatment was more efficient to prohibit the tumour spheroid growth. Display Omitted A facile technique to fabricate agarose multi-wells is developed.Millimetre size tumour spheroids could be generated in 2mm diameter agarose wells.The size of tumour spheroids did not increase after a certain limit.The effect of anticancer drug is more efficient at early days.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianmiao Liu",
                "org": "Sino-France Laboratory for Drug Screening, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University Of Science And Technology, W ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "iu3sJwMr": {
        "id": "iu3sJwMr",
        "title": "Fabrication of adjacent micropillar arrays with different heights for cell studies",
        "abstract": "We fabricated adjacent micropillar arrays with different heights using different materials. Masters are obtained by using a two-step photolithography technique. A thin layer of SU8-3005 resist was spin coated on a chromium mask, followed by a front side exposure with another assistance mask, resulting in a step resist profile. Then, a thin layer of SU8-3010 resist was spin-coated again on the mask, followed by a back side exposure. The master patterns which consist of adjacent pillar arrays of different heights were replicated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by soft lithography. The PDMS replicas were then used as molds for casting or hot embossing, resulted in final pillars arrays in PDMS, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and flexestene thermoplastic elastomer. Such substrates made of different materials were used to evaluate the surface stiffness dependent cell migration of NIH 3T3 cells. Our results show that the cells were sensitive to the height of PDMS pillars, due to their comparable Young's module, and that the cells were preferentially localized on the stiffer surfaces. However, no such effect was observed when the cells were placed on the PLGA substrate because of the excessive rigidity of the PLGA pillars. Display Omitted A two-step photolithography is used to fabricate masters of adjacent pillar arrays and PDMS molds.Adjacent PDMS micropillar arrays of different heights are obtained by casting of PMDS.Adjacent PLGA and T-Flex micropillar arrays of different heights are obtained by hot embossing.NIH 3T3 cells are sensitive to the height of the pillars when their Young's modules are comparable.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jin Wei",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Tu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emmanuel Roy",
                "org": "Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, UPR 20 CNRS, 91460, Marcoussis, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Benoit Ladoux",
                "org": "Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "G2LOFv2J": {
        "id": "G2LOFv2J",
        "title": "Fabrication of elastomer pillar arrays with elasticity gradient for cells migration, elongation and patterning.",
        "abstract": "The elasticity of the cell and that of the supporting ECM in tissue are correlated. In some cases, the modulus of the ECM varies with a high spatial gradient. To study the effect of such a modulus gradient on the cell culture behavior, we proposed a novel yet straightforward method to fabricate elastomeric micropillar substrates with different height gradients, which could provide a large range of elasticity gradient from 2.4 kPa to 60 kPa. The micropillars were integrated into a microfluidic chip to demonstrate the elasticity variation, with the theoretical results proving that the elasticity of the two micropillar substrates was in the same range whereas with distinguished gradient strengths. Fibroblast seeded on the micropillar substrates showed migration toward stiffer area but their elongation highly depended on the strength of the elasticity gradient. In the case of high gradient strength, cells could easily migrate to the stiffer area and then elongated perpendicularly to their migration direction. Otherwise, cells were mostly elongated in the direction of the gradient. Our results also showed that when the cell density was sufficiently high, cells tend to be oriented in the same direction locally which was affected by both underneath pillars and cell-cell contact. The elasticity gradients could also be generated in ripple-shape and the cells behaviors showed the feasibility of using the micropillars for cell patterning applications. Moreover, the gradient pillars substrates were further used for the aggregates formation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), thus providing an alternative substrate to study the effect of substrate elasticity on stem cell behavior and differentiation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Elasticity gradient",
            "Elastomer micropillars",
            "Migration",
            "Photolithography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, Île-de-France, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, Île-de-France, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Wei",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, Île-de-France, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Tu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, Île-de-France, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, Île-de-France, FRANCE."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biofabrication",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "jKDVgBld": {
        "id": "jKDVgBld",
        "title": "Effective motor neuron differentiation of hiPSCs on a patch made of crosslinked monolayer gelatin nanofibers",
        "abstract": "Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are differentiated into mature motor neurons by using a culture patch made of crosslinked monolayer gelatin nanofibers. Compared to the conventional culture dish method, the patch method is more effective for culture and differentiation of stem cells, because cells are supported by a net-like structure made of crosslinked monolayer nanofibers instead of a planar substrate. The pores of the net-like structure have sizes smaller than those of cells but large enough to minimize the exogenous cell-material contact and to increase the permeability as well as the efficiency of cell-cell interactions. As expected, the differentiated hiPSCs showed the up-regulation of the expression of neuron specific proteins and the signature of matured motor neurons, allowing plug-and-play with a commercial multi-electrode array for neuron spike recording.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell–Material Science, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell–Material Science, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Leqian Yu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell–Material Science, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8507,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Paolo Ulloa Severino",
                "org": "Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati – via Bonomea,265 – 34136 Trieste,Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Tu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Vincent Torre",
                "org": "Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati – via Bonomea,265 – 34136 Trieste,Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond,75005 Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of materials chemistry. B",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "7s6sx5rN": {
        "id": "7s6sx5rN",
        "title": "Synthesis and gas sensing properties of NiO/SnO 2 hierarchical structures toward ppb-level acetone detection",
        "abstract": "Abstract   We have synthesized pristine SnO 2  and NiO/SnO 2  hierarchical structures by a facile hydrothermal method. Structural and morphological characterizations of the obtained NiO/SnO 2  samples were systematically studied using XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS. Meanwhile, gas-sensing properties of the as-fabricated pristine SnO 2  and NiO/SnO 2  sensor devices were investigated toward ppb-level acetone detection. The measured results show that the Ni 1 Sn 3  gas sensor can reach a response of 20.18 toward 50 ppm acetone under optimum operating temperature (300 °C), which is about 3.3 times higher than that of pristine sensor. Moreover, the Ni 1 Sn 3  gas sensor also exhibits fast response/recovery time (2 s/9 s), low detection limit (10 ppb) and good selectivity. We attribute the enhanced gas-sensing properties of NiO/SnO 2  hierarchical structures to the synergetic effect as well as p-n heterojunction between the NiO and SnO 2  structures.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenda Wang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Xue",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengwei Li",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Lian",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wendong Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Chen",
                "org": "Research Center on Advanced Materials Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Universités – UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, Paris, 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials Research Bulletin",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "E6hueCFL": {
        "id": "E6hueCFL",
        "title": "Fabrication of spaced monolayers of electrospun nanofibers for three-dimensional cell infiltration and proliferation",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Biophysical and biochemical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are important for regulation of cell behaviors and tissue functions. In this study, we fabricated monolayers of gelatin nanofibers on both sides of a honeycomb micro-frame by electrospinning and chemical crosslinking, resulting in tri-layer patches with adjustable thickness and pore size. Fibroblast cells were cultured on this tri-layer scaffold, showing an enhanced cell proliferation. More importantly, our results showed an efficient cell infiltration into the space between the two fiber layers and 3D cell distribution suitable for cell based assays.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Wei",
                "org": "PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Tu",
                "org": "PASTEUR, Département de chimie, école normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "IweRS6Jm": {
        "id": "IweRS6Jm",
        "title": "In Situ, Real Time Monitoring of Surface Transformation: Ellipsometric Microscopy Imaging of Electrografting at Microstructured Gold Surfaces",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "frederic kanoufi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sorin munteanu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nicolas garraud",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j p roger",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fabien amiot",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "catherine combellas",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Analytical Chemistry",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "YnCE9cn5": {
        "id": "YnCE9cn5",
        "title": "Patch method for culture of primary hippocampal neurons",
        "abstract": "Culture of primary neurons, and especially hippocampal neurons, is important for understanding cellular mechanisms in neurobiology. Actually, this is achieved by using culture dish or glass slide with surface coated proteins. Here, we proposed a patch method for culture of primary neurons on a monolayer of gelatin nanofibers electrospun and crosslinked on a honeycomb microframe of poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). This method allows us to minimize exogenous material contact of cells and largely increase the exposure area of cells to the culture medium. We found that neurons, and especially astrocytes, have a more in vivo like morphology comparing to that on culture dish or on glass slide. We also found that neurons were preferentially located in the suspended areas of the monolayer nanofibers. Finally, calcium imaging revealed that primary neurons have a higher degree of neural activity on the patch than on glass. These results suggest that crosslinked and monolayer gelatin nanofibers closely mimic the extracellular matrix structure and allow more effective culture of primary neurons than conventional methods, thus facilitating advanced studies of neural functions as well as cell-based assays. Display Omitted A culture patch method based on a monolayer gelatin nanofiber net is proposed for primary hippocampal culture.Hippocampal cells show in vivo like morphology on culture patch.Hippocampal neurons have a higher degree of neural activity on culture patch than on glass.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Suprieure-PSL Research University, Dpartement de Chimie, Sorbonne Universits - UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Paolo Ulloa Severino",
                "org": "Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, via Bonomea, 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Federico Iseppon",
                "org": "Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, via Bonomea, 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Vincent Torre",
                "org": "Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, via Bonomea, 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ZXIqSVQA": {
        "id": "ZXIqSVQA",
        "title": "Patterned parylene C for cell adhesion, spreading and alignment studies",
        "abstract": "Parylene C is widely used for insulating coating of implantable medical devices due to its unique properties of biocompatibility and biostability. However, the interaction between cells and parylene C is limited with as-deposited samples. A plasma treatment of the sample can significantly improve the cell adhesion on parylene C. To further improve the cell adhesion as well as other cell functions, we patterned parylene C into pillars and stripes by soft lithography and chemical vapor deposition. Such a method is flexible to produce parylene C patterns on different surfaces. The fabricated substrates have been tested to culture Hela cells, showing much improved adhesion on pillar arrays of parylene C. Our results also showed a strong effect of contact guidance for cells on stripes of parylene C, thereby proving the relevance of the method for cell adhesion, spreading and alignment studies. Display Omitted A facile way to fabricate parylene C patterns is proposed.Plasma treatment of parylene C facilitates cell adhesion and spreading.Parylene C pillars promote cell adhesion but not cell spreading.Parylene C strips guide cell alignment growth.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Tu",
                "org": "cole Normale Suprieure-PSL Research University, Dpartement de Chimie, Sorbonne Universits, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Wei",
                "org": "cole Normale Suprieure-PSL Research University, Dpartement de Chimie, Sorbonne Universits, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "cole Normale Suprieure-PSL Research University, Dpartement de Chimie, Sorbonne Universits, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yadong Tang",
                "org": "cole Normale Suprieure-PSL Research University, Dpartement de Chimie, Sorbonne Universits, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "cole Normale Suprieure-PSL Research University, Dpartement de Chimie, Sorbonne Universits, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "GNROZnfP": {
        "id": "GNROZnfP",
        "title": "Correlated Electrochemical and Optical Detection Reveals the Chemical Reactivity of Individual Silver Nanoparticles",
        "abstract": "Electrochemical (EC) impacts of single nanoparticles (NPs) on an ultramicroelectrode are coupled with optics to identify chemical processes at the level of individual NPs. While the EC signals characterize the charge transfer process, the optical monitoring gives a complementary picture of the transport and chemical transformation of the NPs. This is illustrated in the case of electrodissolution of Ag NPs. In the simplest case, the optically monitored dissolution of individual NPs is synchronized with individual EC spikes. Optics then validates in situ the concept of EC nanoimpacts for sizing and counting of NPs. Chemical complexity is introduced by using a precipitating agent, SCN–, which tunes the overall electrodissolution kinetics. Particularly, the charge transfer and dissolution steps occur sequentially as the synchronicity between the EC and optical signals is lost. This demonstrates the level of complexity that can be revealed from such electrochemistry/optics coupling.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Vitor Brasiliense",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Anisha N. Patel",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ariadna Martinez-Marrades",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Catherine Combellas",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gilles Tessier",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Frédéric Kanoufi",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the American Chemical Society",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Ud2DVafR": {
        "id": "Ud2DVafR",
        "title": "Patterning of two-level topographic cues for observation of competitive guidance of cell alignment.",
        "abstract": "Cells display contact guidance when cultured on topographical cues. By combining standard photolithography, nanoimprint lithography, and soft lithography, we produced sophisticated patterns on two levels, including crossing microgrooves with different depth/spacing and microgrooves with superimposed submicrometer features. The results show that for narrowly spaced microgrooves, the contact guidance is more significant to the change of groove depth than to other geometry parameters. For crossing microgrooves, the shallow grooves take over the influence on cell alignment when the deeper grooves are well separated. Finally, the superimposed submicrometer features on the groove ridges decrease the efficiency of the contact guidance of microgrooves, due to increased adhesion of cells on patterned surfaces.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell alignment",
            "cell-substrate interaction",
            "microgroove",
            "two-level topographic cues"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiongtu Zhou",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "gC4lz9ey": {
        "id": "gC4lz9ey",
        "title": "Fabrication of microlens arrays by localized hydrolysis in water droplet microreactors.",
        "abstract": "We report a facile self-assembly strategy for fabricating TiO2 microlens arrays by localized hydrolysis of TiCl4 precursor in water droplets. Microcontact printing was used to define hydrophilic areas on a substrate for space resolved hydrolytic reaction. The water droplets served as the templates, reactant, and microreactors. Highly ordered TiO2 microlens arrays could be produced, which exhibit excellent ability to focus light. Because both size and shape of the final TiO2 microlens can be controlled by the printed chemical pattern and the precursor concentration, it is possible to define TiO2 microlens arrays with different imaging properties. This new method shows attractive features of simplicity, low cost, and requires no heating process, hence is suitable for a range of applications.",
        "keywords": [
            "pattern",
            "droplet",
            "titanium oxide",
            "microlens",
            "microreactor"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry(Lanzhou University,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng-Jie Chang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry(Lanzhou University,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Ai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry(Lanzhou University,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao-Li Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry(Lanzhou University,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "ZuNFn0U7": {
        "id": "ZuNFn0U7",
        "title": "Cells cultured on microgrooves with or without surface coating: correlation between cell alignment, spreading and local membrane deformation.",
        "abstract": "The behaviors of cells cultured on patterned substrates vary with the material stiffness, the geometry and the biochemical properties of the pattern. By using a reversed cell imprinting (RCI) technique, together with phase contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), we have exploited reversed side cellular morphology on patterned microgrooves of different geometries with or without surface coating of adhesion molecules. We have shown a close correlation between the effect of contact guidance and penetration of cellular membrane. Without surface coating, roughly 80% of HeLa cells were aligned along the groove direction regardless of the groove spacing. When the microgrooves were coated with fibronectin, the area of cell spreading was increased but the percentage of aligned cells was significantly decreased. In both cases, the deformation of cell membrane at the cell-pattern interfaces could be measured. We found that the local penetration of the cellular membrane into the grooves was correlated to the cellular alignment for both HeLa and NIH 3T3 cells, and that such a correlation was cell-type dependent.",
        "keywords": [
            "hela cell",
            "microgroove",
            "keywords",
            "cell deformation",
            "cell alignment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiongtu Zhou",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "QxOOvyin": {
        "id": "QxOOvyin",
        "title": "Growth propagation of yeast in linear arrays of microfluidic chambers over many generations.",
        "abstract": "The growth of microorganisms is often confined in restricting geometries. In this work, we designed a device to study the growth propagation of budding yeast along linear arrays of microfluidic chambers. Vacuum assisted cell loading was used to seed cells of limited numbers in the up-most chambers of each linear array. Once loaded, cells grow until confluent and then overgrow, pushing some of the newborns into the neighboring downstream chamber through connection channels. Such a scenario repeats sequentially along the whole linear chamber arrays. We observed that the propagation speed of yeast population along the linear arrays was strongly channel geometry dependent. When the connection channel is narrow and long, the amount of cells delivered into the downstream chamber is small so that cells grow over several generations in the same chamber before passing into the next chamber. Consequently, a population growth of more than 50 generations could be observed along a single linear array. We also provided a mathematical model to quantitatively interpret the observed growth dynamics.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaji Liu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ran Cui",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Ling Zhang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dai-Wen Pang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomicrofluidics",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "oGrytCkM": {
        "id": "oGrytCkM",
        "title": "Photoreversible fragmentation of a liquid interface for micro-droplet generation by light actuation.",
        "abstract": "We describe a method to induce by light a reversible switch from a continuous two-phase laminar flow to a droplet generating regime, in microfluidic devices with a usual water-in-oil flow focusing geometry. It consists in adding a photosensitive surfactant to the aqueous phase to modulate using light the interfacial energy between flowing liquids and the microfluidic substrate. We show that UV irradiation induces liquid fragmentation into monodisperse water microdroplets and that many cycles of reversible and rapid switches (<2 s) between continuous laminar flows and stable droplet regimes can be realized. By spatially controlling the application of the light stimulus, we also demonstrate the first spatially resolved remote induction of droplet generation.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Antoine Diguet",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Li",
                "org": "Peking University(Peking University),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicolas Queyriaux",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lab on a chip",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "ClIJjmcg": {
        "id": "ClIJjmcg",
        "title": "Reversed cell imprinting, AFM imaging and adhesion analyses of cells on patterned surfaces.",
        "abstract": "Cell adhesion and motility depend strongly on the interactions between cells and cell culture substratum. To observe the cell morphology at the interface between cells and artificial substratum or patterned surfaces, we have developed a technique named reversed cell imprinting. After culture and chemical fixation of the cells on a patterned hole array, a liquid polymer was poured on and UV cured, allowing taking off the cell-polymer assembly for a direct observation of the underside cell surface using atomic force microscopy. As expected, we observed local deformation of the cell membrane in the hole area with a penetration depth strongly dependent on the size and depth of the hole as well as the culture time. Quantitative analyses of Hela cells on patterned surfaces of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) revealed that the penetration was also position dependent over the cell attachment area due to the non-homogeneous distribution of the membrane stress. With the increase of the culture time, the penetration depth was reduced, in a close correlation with the increase of the cell spreading area. Nevertheless, both cell seeding and adhesion efficiency on high density hole arrays could be significantly increased comparing to that on a smooth surface. Patterned substrates are increasingly required to produce and interrogate new biomaterials for therapeutic benefit. Overall, this work suggests a strategy to endow conventional imaging methods with added functionality to enable easy observation of the underside cell morphology on topographic patterns.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiongtu Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueming Ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lab on a chip",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "2klOWosR": {
        "id": "2klOWosR",
        "title": "Segmented magnetic nanofibers for single cell manipulation",
        "abstract": "We report a simple but straightforward approach to fabricate magnetic nanofiber segments for cell manipulation. Electrospinning was used to produce nanofibers from a magnetic nanoparticles containing polymethylglutarimide (PMGI) precursor solution. After sonication, the fabricated nanofibers were uniformly segmented. When dispersed in an aqueous solution, the orientation of the fiber segments could easily be controlled by an external magnetic field. NIH 3T3 cells were then cultured in a medium containing magnetic fibers, resulting in stable cell-nanofiber hybrids which can be conveniently manipulated with a magnet. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell culture",
            "magnetic manipulation",
            "nanofibers"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Liu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianmei Jiang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihua Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shinpei Yamamoto",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mikio Tákano",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "MengJie Chang",
                "org": "University of Lanzhou(University of Lanzhou,Lanzhou City University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoli Zhang",
                "org": "University of Lanzhou(University of Lanzhou,Lanzhou City University),Lanzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "N8CRzoLN": {
        "id": "N8CRzoLN",
        "title": "Integrated and diffusion-based micro-injectors for open access cell assays.",
        "abstract": "Currently, most microfluidic devices are fabricated with embedded micro-channels and other elements in a close form with outward connections. Although much functionality has been demonstrated and a large number of applications have been developed, they are not easy for routine operation in biology laboratories where most in vitro cell processing still relies on the use of culture dishes, glass slides, multi-well plates, tubes, pipettes, etc. We report here an open access device which consists of an array of isolated micro-channels plated on a large culture surface, each of them having tiny nozzles for localized drug delivery. In a diffusion dominant regime, steady gradients of molecule concentration could be obtained and varied by changing the flow rate inside the micro-channels. As assay examples, cell staining and drug-induced cell apoptosis were demonstrated, showing fast cell responses in close proximity of the nozzles.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ken-ichiro Kamei",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qinghua Yuan",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Akihiro Kusumi",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Xie",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjie Zhao",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lab on a chip",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "W5IMJ1UC": {
        "id": "W5IMJ1UC",
        "title": "Microfluidic devices with disposable enzyme electrode for electrochemical monitoring of glucose concentrations.",
        "abstract": "This article describes the fabrication of tube-like microchannels made of UV curable polymer on a glass substrate and the device assembling with a disposable enzyme-working electrode for high-sensitivity electrochemical detection. While both reference and counter electrodes are patterned on the surface of the glass substrate, the working electrode is flipped on the top of the channel with an open access, providing a face-to-face probing configuration. When the enzyme electrode is contaminated or degraded, it can be easily replaced by a new one, keeping the main body of the device and the detection schema unchanged. Using glucose oxidase-coated gold electrodes, we were able to determine a linear amperometry response to the glucose concentrations in the range of 2-16  mM. By replacing the as-prepared working electrode by the one after thermal treatments, we showed a much more degraded enzyme electrode activity, enabling efficient determination of the electrode quality as well as the whole process optimization.",
        "keywords": [
            "electrochemical detection",
            "microdevices",
            "microfluidics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Hua Tian",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiong-Tu Zhou",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lian-Mei Jiang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Kyoto University(Kyoto University),Kyoto,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhen-Jie Zhao",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pin-Gang He",
                "org": "East China Normal University(East China Normal University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrophoresis",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "6tkGDdyj": {
        "id": "6tkGDdyj",
        "title": "PRESSURE REGULATED BIOMOLECULE INJECTION INTO NIH 3T3 CELLS THROUGH INTEGRATED NANO/MESOPORES",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jian shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jun liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dongju jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "norio nakatsuji",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "Gau1xam4": {
        "id": "Gau1xam4",
        "title": "Improved seedless hydrothermal synthesis of dense and ultralong ZnO nanowires.",
        "abstract": "Seedless hydrothermal synthesis has been improved by introducing an adequate content of ammonia into the nutrient solution, allowing the fabrication of dense and ultralong ZnO nanowire arrays over large areas on a substrate. The presence of ammonia in the nutrient solution facilitates the high density nucleation of ZnO on the substrate which is critical for the nanowire growth. In order to achieve an optimal growth, the growth conditions have been studied systematically as a function of ammonia content, growth temperature and incubation time. The effect of polyethyleneimine (PEI) has also been studied but shown to be of no benefit to the nucleation of ZnO. Ultradense and ultralong ZnO nanowires could be obtained under optimal growth conditions, showing no fused structure at the foot of the nanowire arrays. Due to different reaction kinetics, four growth regimes could be attributed, including the first fast growth, equilibrium phase, second fast growth and final erosion. Combining this simple method with optical lithography, ZnO nanowires could be grown selectively on patterned areas. In addition, the as-grown ZnO nanowires could be used for the fabrication of a piezoelectric nanogenerator. Compared to the device of ZnO nanowires made by other methods, a more than twice voltage output has been obtained, thereby proving an improved performance of our growth method.",
        "keywords": [
            "reaction kinetics",
            "nanowires"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing-Hua Tian",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Si-Si Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Liu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Qun Tian",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces (Xiamen University)(Xiamen University),Xiamen,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanotechnology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Grgu3B3w": {
        "id": "Grgu3B3w",
        "title": "A high-throughput electrochemical impedance spectroscopy evaluation of bioresponsibility of the titanium microelectrode array integrated with hydroxyapatite and silver",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "electrochemical impedance spectroscopy",
            "high throughput"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "fan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "longxiang lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guowei wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ren hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "changjian lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "MDqXJkWD": {
        "id": "MDqXJkWD",
        "title": "Dynamic tracking of single cell synthesis of cdse quantum dots with a microflufidic device",
        "abstract": "By using microfluidic devices coupled with a time-lapse and multi-location image acquiring confocal microscope, the live yeast cell biosynthesis of fluorescent CdSe quantum dots could be dynamically monitored at a single cell level. Whereas seleniumized yeast cells were prepared before loading, the biosynthesis could be studied by examining the incubation time and CdCl 2 concentration in the culture medium. Compared to the batch experiments, the on-chip biosynthesis required a lower concentration of CdCl2 (0.5 mM) and a short incubation time (4-5 h) for an optimal quantum dot synthesis.",
        "keywords": [
            "dynamic tracking",
            "live cell biosynthesis",
            "quantum dots"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiling Zhang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ran Cui",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huihui Liu",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Li",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shulin Liu",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhixiong Xie",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daiwen Pang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "14th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences 2010, MicroTAS 2010",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "4x9UHb40": {
        "id": "4x9UHb40",
        "title": "Patterning cells and shear flow conditions: convenient observation of endothelial cell remoulding, enhanced production of angiogenesis factors and drug response.",
        "abstract": "We present a method that allows patterning cells and shear flow conditions for endothelial cell based assays. This method is novel in combining (1) cell culture on the surface of a substrate both topographically and chemically patterned; (2) multi-shear flow assays after covering the cell substrate with a microfluidic cover plate containing microchannels of different channel widths, and (3) conventional immunostaining assays after removal of the cover plate. This method has the advantage of performing cell cultures and immunoassays in standard cell biology environments with open access, facilitating the formation of confluent cell layers and the observation of cell responses to shear-flow and drug stimulations. To obtain multi-shear stress conditions, a single channel with stepwise increasing channel widths was patterned on the surfaces of both the substrate and the microfluidic cover plate. As results, we observed excellent viability of endothelial cells in the whole range of applied shear stresses (0-25 dyn cm(-2)) and shear stress dependent cytoskeleton remoulding, activation of von Willebrand factor (vWF), and re-organisation of angiogenesis factors such as tetra peptide acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (AcSDKP) of endothelial cells. To validate this approach for drug analysis, we also studied drug effects under shear stress conditions. Our results indicate that the drug effect of combretastatin A-4, an anti-tumour vascular targeting drug, could be significantly enhanced under shear flow conditions.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Ling Zhang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Joanna Wdzieczak-Bakala",
                "org": "CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dai-Wen Pang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianmiao Liu",
                "org": "CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lab on a chip",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "50Tz8fUS": {
        "id": "50Tz8fUS",
        "title": "Controlled growth of well-aligned ZnO nanowire arrays using the improved hydrothermal method",
        "abstract": "Well-aligned ZnO nanowires were hydrothermally synthesized based on a facile method for preparing the ZnO seed layer which was derived from the combination of a sol - gel process and the spin-coating technique. The effect of the contents of growth solution and the growth duration on the morphology of ZnO nanowires has been investigated. The results indicated that long and vertically aligned ZnO nanowires could be obtained by adjusting the contents of ammonia and polyethyleneimine (PEI) in the growth solution. Under the optimized condition, the length of ZnO nanowires increased fast and almost linearly with the growth duration. After 10 h incubation, ZnO nanowires more than 25 μm in length were obtained. By combining the conventional photolithographic method with this hydrothermal approach, long and well-aligned ZnO nanowire arrays were selectively grown on the substrate. In addition, the bottom fusion at the foot of the nanowires has been obviously improved. The results demonstrated that the improved hydrothermal process is favorable to synthesize long and well-aligned ZnO nanowires, and possesses good process compatibility with the conventional photolithographic technique for preparing ZnO nanowire arrays. So it has great potential in applications such as display and field emission devices. © 2013 Chinese Institute of Electronics.",
        "keywords": [
            "hydrothermal",
            "nanowires",
            "photolithography",
            "ZnO"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhitao Han",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sisi Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinkui Chu",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Semiconductors",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "qcbxrtVI": {
        "id": "qcbxrtVI",
        "title": "Application of microfluidic chips to bacterial metapopulations culture by integrating agarose structure",
        "abstract": "This paper introduces the fabrication of microfluidic chips based on integrating the agarose structure and their application to bacterial culture. Two designs of microfluidic chips were devised. One was a chemostat in microfluidic chip, applied to the killing kinetics of cells. The microfluidic chip showed several advantages, measuring the data on-line, simplify the experimental manipulation and feasible output of tolerant cells. Therefore it holds potential for research of the killing kinetics of cells. The other had three different high micro-culture chambers and the bacterial population was measured by two ways-fluorescent intensity and OD value, by which more information about the bacterial population was acquired. The experiments indicated that the measuring tendency of bacterial growth by OD value was consistent with one by fluorescent intensity. There are other advantages in such microfluidic chip that it is easy to fabricate the microfluidic chips and the agarose confines bacteria in the chambers and cell nutrients are diffusible in agarose, which offer a good means to research the motile bacteria.",
        "keywords": [
            "Agarose",
            "Bacteria",
            "Chemostat",
            "Metapopulations",
            "Microfluidic",
            "OD value"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianjia Luo",
                "org": "Peking University(Peking University),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunxiong Luo",
                "org": "Peking University(Peking University),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shibo Liang",
                "org": "Peking University(Peking University),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingcong Wang",
                "org": "Peking University(Peking University),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ji",
                "org": "Peking University(Peking University),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": "Peking University(Peking University),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Beijing Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "EeOmyM4S": {
        "id": "EeOmyM4S",
        "title": "Highly sensitive NO2 detection on ppb level by devices based on Pd-loaded In2O3 hierarchical microstructures",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The special flower-like Pd-loaded indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ) hierarchical microstructures with different Pd contents were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, showing the features dimension of 5–7 μm diameter and 30 nm thick nanosheets. Developed NO 2  sensors based on 1 mol% Pd-loaded In 2 O 3  hierarchical microstructures demonstrated excellent NO 2  detection at the  ppb  levels at lower operating temperature of 110 °C. These sensors also exhibited high response, fast response (180 s) and recovery (90 s) time and great reliability as well as simplicity in fabrication. Furthermore, selective detection of NO 2  can be readily achieved with sensors attached with 1 mol% Pd-loaded In 2 O 3  even with other common chemicals such as ethanol, CO, CH 4  and H 2  around. The electron depletion theory was used to explain the enhanced gas sensing mechanism.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanfei Liang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenting Zhao",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengwei Li",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wendong Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Serge Zhuiykov",
                "org": "Ghent University Global Campus, Department of Applied Analytical & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 119 Songdomunhwa-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sensors and Actuators B-chemical",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "JLOpNUG0": {
        "id": "JLOpNUG0",
        "title": "Highly sensitive and ultra-fast gas sensor based on CeO2-loaded In2O3 hollow spheres for ppb-level hydrogen detection",
        "abstract": "Abstract   H 2  detection sensors based on pure and different contents of CeO 2  (0.5 at%, 1 at%, 2 at%, 4 at%, 6 at%) loaded In 2 O 3  hollow spheres were successfully fabricated. The crystal phase, morphology and chemical composition of the obtained CeO 2 -loaded In 2 O 3  samples were analyzed by characteristic techniques. The gas sensing results showed that the CeO 2 -loaded In 2 O 3  gas sensors exhibit enhanced H 2  sensing performances compared with pure In 2 O 3  at optimum working temperature (160 °C). Especially, the gas sensor based on 2 at% CeO 2 -loaded In 2 O 3  hollow spheres showed most improved properties: highly response (20.7–50 ppm) at 160 °C, which was about 3 times higher than that of pure In 2 O 3  sensor (6.9); excellent response and recovery time of 1 s and 9 s; ultra-low detection of limit of 10 ppb; good repeatability and long-term stability. Finally, the enhanced gas sensing mechanism of CeO 2 -loaded In 2 O 3  gas sensor towards H 2  was also discussed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Xue",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengwei Li",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Lian",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Serge Zhuiykov",
                "org": "Ghent University Global Campus, Department of Applied Analytical & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 119 Songdomunhwa-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wendong Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sensors and Actuators B-chemical",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "l8WPw5hm": {
        "id": "l8WPw5hm",
        "title": "Preparation and characterization of AuNPs/CNTs-ErGO electrochemical sensors for highly sensitive detection of hydrazine.",
        "abstract": "A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor of hydrazine has been fabricated by Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) coating of carbon nanotubes-electrochemical reduced graphene oxide composite film (CNTs-ErGO) on glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Cyclic voltammetry and potential amperometry have been used to investigate the electrochemical properties of the fabricated sensors for hydrazine detection. The performances of the sensors were optimized by varying the CNTs to ErGO ratio and the quantity of Au nanoparticles. The results show that under optimal conditions, a sensitivity of 9.73μAμM(-1)cm(-2), a short response time of 3s, and a low detection limit of 0.065μM could be achieved with a linear concentration response range from 0.3μM to 319μM. The enhanced electrochemical performances could be attributed to the synergistic effect between AuNPs and CNTs-ErGO film and the outstanding catalytic effect of the Au nanoparticles. Finally, the sensor was successfully used to analyse the tap water, showing high potential for practical applications. ",
        "keywords": [
            "Au nanoparticles",
            "Carbon nanotubes",
            "Hydrazine sensor",
            "Reduced graphene oxide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhenting Zhao",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjiao Sun",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengwei Li",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wendong Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Lian",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China. Electronic address: hujie@tyut.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France. Electronic address: yong.chen@ens.fr."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Talanta",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "W9ojTX0p": {
        "id": "W9ojTX0p",
        "title": "Fabrication and gas sensing properties of Au-loaded SnO2 composite nanoparticles for highly sensitive hydrogen detection",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Pristine tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) and Au-loaded SnO 2  composite nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The phase structure, composition, and morphology of synthesized Au-loaded SnO 2  composite nanoparticles were comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, the gas sensing performance of the as-prepared pristine and Au-loaded SnO 2  gas sensors toward low concentration of hydrogen (H 2 ) were systematically evaluated. The results indicated that compared to the pristine SnO 2  gas sensor, the Au-loaded SnO 2  composite nanoparticles could not only significantly improve the gas sensing response, but also decrease the optimum working temperature. Moreover, the experimental results showed that the 4.0 at.% Au-loaded SnO 2  gas sensor exhibited the highest response (25) to 100 ppm H 2  at 250 °C, which was about five times higher than that of the pristine one. In addition, it also provided a rapid response/recovery time (1 s/3 s) and a low detection limit (1 ppb). Therefore, Au-loaded SnO 2  composite nanoparticles are more suited for hydrogen detection compared to pristine SnO 2  gas sensor.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Wang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenting Zhao",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengwei Li",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianlong Ji",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wendong Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education) & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sensors and Actuators B-chemical",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "YDyo6QwT": {
        "id": "YDyo6QwT",
        "title": "Synthesis and characterization of flower-like MoO3/In2O3 microstructures for highly sensitive ethanol detection",
        "abstract": "Flower-like pure and Mo-loaded In2O3 hierarchical microstructures were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. The morphology, crystal structures, and compositions of the samples were characterized by SEM, XRD, TEM, showing nanosheets with dimensions of 4 μm diameter and 25 nm thickness. Gas sensing experiments were conducted on the as-prepared MoO3/In2O3 gas sensors, and the results prove that Mo-loaded In2O3 gas sensors exhibit enhanced gas sensing properties at 185 °C. In particular, the 3 mol% Mo-loaded In2O3 provided a high response (7 to 100 ppm ethanol), fast response and recovery time (11 s and 94 s), low detection limit (50 ppb), good selectivity and stability for ethanol detection, which is promising for low concentration ethanol detection in practical applications.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiu Wang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengwei Li",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wendong Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Lian",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Chen",
                "org": "Research Center on Advanced Materials Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "3JDkB9Sg": {
        "id": "3JDkB9Sg",
        "title": "Synthesis and gas sensing properties of molybdenum oxide modified tungsten oxide microstructures for ppb-level hydrogen sulphide detection",
        "abstract": "Flower-like molybdenum oxide@tungsten oxide (MoO3@WO3) composite microstructures were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal and impregnation methods. The fabricated samples were characterized by XRD, EDS, SEM and TEM, and the results show that the MoO3@WO3 composite is composed of crystallized nanosheets with a thickness of about 40 nm. The gas sensing properties of the MoO3@WO3 composite microstructures towards hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were investigated as a function of operating temperature and gas concentration. The gas sensors based on MoO3@WO3 composites show better sensing performances than that of a pure one. Moreover, the Mo6W-based gas sensor exhibits the highest response (28.5 towards 10 ppm H2S), fast response/recovery time (2 s/5 s), low detection limit (20 ppb) and good selectivity at optimum operating temperature (250 °C). Such an excellent performance can be attributed to the heterojunction between MoO3 and WO3.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Hu",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiu Wang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Chen",
                "org": "Research Center on Advanced Materials Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wengdong Zhang",
                "org": "Micro and Nano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System (Ministry of Education), College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "sSySB41H": {
        "id": "sSySB41H",
        "title": "Line laser based Researches on a Three-dimensional Measuring system",
        "abstract": "Three-dimensional measuring technique has been used widely in many trades and professions. In order to overcome the defects of traditional laser measuring system for large volume and high cost, this paper builds a low cost line laser measuring system. Scanning experiment of multiple objects by using line laser system is carried out, surface are well recovered to verify the accuracy of the system algorithm. To further enhance the efficiency of the measuring system, the line laser image processing algorithm is improved. We comprehensively consider the combination of the threshold iterative extremum method and the weighted gray center of gravity method to extract the center of the laser stripe to select the appropriate threshold to determine the effective gray value range of the centerline. The object to be measured is placed in the range of 400mm to 700mm in front of the distance line laser measuring system. The experimental results validate the feasibility of the scheme. It has wide applicability and feasibility for scanning and measuring different objects.",
        "keywords": [
            "Measurement by laser beam",
            "Semiconductor device measurement",
            "Surface emitting lasers",
            "Coordinate measuring machines",
            "Rotation measurement",
            "Calibration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kai Huang",
                "org": "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection, Institute of Jiangsu Province"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yang",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Donglei Xu",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Sun",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangdong Li",
                "org": "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection, Institute of Jiangsu Province"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "2019 IEEE 3rd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "3BZpH7Fs": {
        "id": "3BZpH7Fs",
        "title": "Three polynuclear complexes with bridging triazole ligand: crystal structures",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "lei shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qiujie xia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lei wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoyan tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yunsheng ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "rongxin yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dunru zhu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Coordination Chemistry",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "GxsnofK2": {
        "id": "GxsnofK2",
        "title": "Researches on a wall-climbing robot based on electromagnetic adsorption",
        "abstract": "Wall-climbing robots have wide application in industry and other fields. At present, the technical bottleneck of the wall-climbing robots based on magnetic adsorption is that the magnetic force is not only the adsorption force but also the moving resistance force. The bigger the adsorption force is, the bigger the moving resistance force is. In order to solve this problem, a unique wall-climbing robot based on electromagnetic adsorption is proposed in this paper. Electromagnets fixed in the synchronous belts get into or out of work in turn to realize the unity of adsorption and mobility. An embedded Linux system is constructed to transport videos from the robot to the handheld terminal in real time. A MCS-51 based controller is designed to perform robot control. A prototype robot is manufactured and tested. Experiments show the video delay is less 0.45s and the remote-control distance is beyond 80m.",
        "keywords": [
            "Videos",
            "Adsorption",
            "Wireless communication",
            "Electromagnets",
            "Climbing robots",
            "Control systems"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kai Huang",
                "org": "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Sun",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yang",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Miao Hao",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaowei Hong",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangdong Li",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "2019 IEEE 3rd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "OuYdS1Rz": {
        "id": "OuYdS1Rz",
        "title": "Researches on A Tele-operated Robot Based on Wi-Fi",
        "abstract": "With the popularity of Wi-Fi network, network-based tele-operated mobile robots has become a research hot spot. In order to overcome the shortcomings of high cost, high power consumption, lack of portability and difficulty in outdoor power supply, a mobile teleoperation mobile robot based on Wi-Fi network is designed in this paper. The control system is divided into two parts: the handheld remote control terminal based on Android smartphone and the on-board controller based on a micro-controller, which communicate with each other through the wireless router. The prototype robot was manufactured and tested. Experiments show that the video delay is less than 0.4 seconds and the remote control distance is about 80 meters.",
        "keywords": [
            "Mobile robots",
            "Robot sensing systems",
            "Wireless fidelity",
            "Remote control",
            "Monitoring"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kai Huang",
                "org": "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection Institute of Jiangsu Province"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Sun",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Miao Hao",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Yang",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeheng Xia",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangdong Li",
                "org": "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection Institute of Jiangsu Province"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "2019 IEEE 3rd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "zX3tQMOP": {
        "id": "zX3tQMOP",
        "title": "QUANTITATIVE CYTOLOGICAL FEATURE ANALYSIS BY MICROFLUIDIC IMAGE CYTOMETRY REVEALS PHENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES AMONG HUMAN PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL LINES",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kenichiro kamei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "minori ohashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nicholas a graham",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "amander t clark",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "thomas g graeber",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "april d pyle",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hsianrong tseng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "z4GZj5Cq": {
        "id": "z4GZj5Cq",
        "title": "Stem Cells: Phenotypic and Transcriptional Modulation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Induced by Nano/Microfabrication Materials (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2013)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "gene expression",
            "pluripotent stem cells"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kenichiro kamei",
                "org": "worcester polytechnic institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "yoshikazu hirai",
                "org": "kyoto university"
            },
            {
                "name": "m yoshioka",
                "org": "worcester polytechnic institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "yoshihide makino",
                "org": "kyoto university"
            },
            {
                "name": "qinghua yuan",
                "org": "worcester polytechnic institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "minako nakajima",
                "org": "worcester polytechnic institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "worcester polytechnic institute"
            },
            {
                "name": "osamu tabata",
                "org": "kyoto university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "nlC2lOGv": {
        "id": "nlC2lOGv",
        "title": "Localized cell stimulation by nitric oxide using a photoactive porous coordination polymer platform.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "calcium",
            "biocompatible materials",
            "nature",
            "communications",
            "nitric oxide",
            "hek293 cells",
            "porosity",
            "light"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "stephane diring",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dan ohtan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chiwon kim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mio kondo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "susumu kitagawa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kenichiro kamei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shuhei furukawa",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nature Communications",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "4yFpH3VE": {
        "id": "4yFpH3VE",
        "title": "mESC and hiPSC Proliferation on Negative Photoresists for Microfluidics",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cell culture",
            "resist",
            "stem cells"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yoshikazu hirai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kenichiro kamei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yoshihide makino",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qinghua yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "osamu tabata",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Procedia Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "59kmJ39W": {
        "id": "59kmJ39W",
        "title": "Characterization of Phenotypic and Transcriptional Differences in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells under 2D and 3D Culture Conditions.",
        "abstract": "Human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for applications in drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Microfluidic technology is a promising approach for creating artificial microenvironments; however, although a proper 3D microenvironment is required to achieve robust control of cellular phenotypes, most current microfluidic devices provide only 2D cell culture and do not allow tuning of physical and chemical environmental cues simultaneously. Here, the authors report a 3D cellular microenvironment plate (3D-CEP), which consists of a microfluidic device filled with thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-β-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel (HG), which enables systematic tuning of both chemical and physical environmental cues as well as in situ cell monitoring. The authors show that H9 human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and 253G1 human induced pluripotent stem cells in the HG/3D-CEP system maintain their pluripotent marker expression under HG/3D-CEP self-renewing conditions. Additionally, global gene expression analyses are used to elucidate small variations among different test environments. Interestingly, the authors find that treatment of H9 hESCs under HG/3D-CEP self-renewing conditions results in initiation of entry into the neural differentiation process by induction of PAX3 and OTX1 expression. The authors believe that this HG/3D-CEP system will serve as a versatile platform for developing targeted functional cell lines and facilitate advances in drug screening and regenerative medicine.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D cellular microenvironment",
            "human pluripotent stem cells",
            "hydrogels",
            "microfluidic devices",
            "self-renewal"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ken-Ichiro Kamei",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshie Koyama",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumie Tokunaga",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yasumasa Mashimo",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Momoko Yoshioka",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Christopher Fockenberg",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rowland Mosbergen",
                "org": "Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, 3010, Australia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Othmar Korn",
                "org": "Australia Institute for Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Christine Wells",
                "org": "Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, 3010, Australia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 Rue L'homond, Paris, 75005, France."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced healthcare materials",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "6gP5nEMU": {
        "id": "6gP5nEMU",
        "title": "Robust direct differentiation and maturation of human pluripotent stem cells to hepatocyte-like cells",
        "abstract": "Liver-on-a-Chip technology holds considerable potential for applications in drug screening and chemical-safety testing. To establish such platforms, functional hepatocytes are required; however, primary hepatocytes are commonly used, despite problems involving donor limitations, lot-to-lot variation, and unsatisfactory two-dimensional culture methods. Although human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) may represent a strong alternative contender to address the aforementioned issues, remaining technological challenges include the robust, highly efficient production of high-purity hepatic clusters. In addition, current Liver-on-a-Chip platforms are relatively complicated and not applicable for high-throughput experiments. Here, we develop a very simple Liver-on-a-Chip platform with mature and functional hepatocyte-like cells derived from hPSCs. To establish a method for hepatic differentiation of hPSCs, cells were first treated by inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase- and Rho-associated protein kinase-signaling pathways to stop self-renewal and improve survival, respectively, which enabled the formation of a well-defined endoderm and facilitated hepatocyte commitment. Next, a simple microfluidic device was used to create a three-dimensional (3D) culture environment that enhanced the maturation and function of hepatocyte-like cells by increasing the expression of both hepatic maturation markers and cytochrome P450. Finally, we confirmed improvements in hepatic functions, such as drug uptake/excretion capabilities, in u003e90% of 3D-matured hepatocyte-like cells by indocyanin green assay. These results indicated that the incorporation of hPSC-derived hepatocytes on our Liver-on-a-Chip platform may serve to enhance the processes involved in drug screening and chemical-safety testing.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ken-ichiro Kamei",
                "org": "Kyoto University;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Momoko Yoshioka",
                "org": "Kyoto University;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiho Terada",
                "org": "Kyoto University;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumie Tokunaga",
                "org": "Kyoto University;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "bioRxiv",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "t7hrQnPt": {
        "id": "t7hrQnPt",
        "title": "Fabrication of a Multiplexed Artificial Cellular MicroEnvironment Array",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yasumasa Mashimo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Momoko Yoshioka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumie Tokunaga",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Christopher Fockenberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiho Terada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshie Koyama",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Teiko Shibata-Seki",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Koki Yoshimoto",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Risako Sakai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hayase Hakariya",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Toshihiro Akaike",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Eiry Kobatake",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Siew-Eng How",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Motonari Uesugi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ken-ichiro Kamei",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Visualized Experiments",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "v4crEdq2": {
        "id": "v4crEdq2",
        "title": "Three-dimensional cultured liver-on-a-Chip with mature hepatocyte-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells.",
        "abstract": "Liver-on-a-Chip technology holds considerable potential for applications in drug screening and chemical-safety testing. To establish such platforms, functional hepatocytes are required; however, primary hepatocytes are commonly used, despite problems involving donor limitations, lot-to-lot variation, and unsatisfactory two-dimensional culture methods. Although human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) may represent a strong alternative contender to address the aforementioned issues, remaining technological challenges include the robust, highly efficient production of high-purity hepatic clusters. In addition, current Liver-on-a-Chip platforms are relatively complicated and not applicable for high-throughput experiments. Here, we develop a very simple Liver-on-a-Chip platform with mature and functional hepatocyte-like cells derived from hPSCs. To establish a method for hepatic differentiation of hPSCs, cells were first treated by inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase- and Rho-associated protein kinase-signaling pathways to stop self-renewal and improve survival, respectively, which enabled the formation of a well-defined endoderm and facilitated hepatocyte commitment. Next, a simple microfluidic device was used to create a three-dimensional (3D) culture environment that enhanced the maturation and function of hepatocyte-like cells by increasing the expression of both hepatic maturation markers and cytochrome P450. Finally, we confirmed improvements in hepatic functions, such as drug uptake/excretion capabilities, in >90% of 3D-matured hepatocyte-like cells by indocyanin green assay. These results indicated that the incorporation of hPSC-derived hepatocytes on our Liver-on-a-Chip platform may serve to enhance the processes involved in drug screening and chemical-safety testing.",
        "keywords": [
            "Hepatocytes",
            "Microfluidic device",
            "Organ on a Chip",
            "Pluripotent stem cells",
            "Polydimethylsiloxane",
            "Three-dimensional cell culture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ken-Ichiro Kamei",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. kamei.kenichiro.7r@kyoto-u.ac.jp."
            },
            {
                "name": "Momoko Yoshioka",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiho Terada",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumie Tokunaga",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical microdevices",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "oUk8x6fj": {
        "id": "oUk8x6fj",
        "title": "Microfluidic-Nanofiber Hybrid Array for Screening of Cellular Microenvironments.",
        "abstract": "Cellular microenvironments are generally sophisticated, but crucial for regulating the functions of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Despite tremendous effort in this field, the correlation between the environmental factors-especially the extracellular matrix and soluble cell factors-and the desired cellular functions remains largely unknown because of the lack of appropriate tools to recapitulate in vivo conditions and/or simultaneously evaluate the interplay of different environment factors. Here, a combinatorial platform is developed with integrated microfluidic channels and nanofibers, associated with a method of high-content single-cell analysis, to study the effects of environmental factors on stem cell phenotype. Particular attention is paid to the dependence of hPSC short-term self-renewal on the density and composition of extracellular matrices and initial cell seeding densities. Thus, this combinatorial approach provides insights into the underlying chemical and physical mechanisms that govern stem cell fate decisions.",
        "keywords": [
            "cellular microenvironments",
            "embryonic stem cells",
            "microfluidics",
            "nanofibers",
            "single-cell profiling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ken-Ichiro Kamei",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yasumasa Mashimo",
                "org": "Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Momoko Yoshioka",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumie Tokunaga",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Christopher Fockenberg",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiho Terada",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoshie Koyama",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Minako Nakajima",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Teiko Shibata-Seki",
                "org": "Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liu",
                "org": "Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Toshihiro Akaike",
                "org": "Biomaterials Center for Regenerative Medical Engineering, Foundation for Advancement of International Science, Kasuga, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-0821, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Eiry Kobatake",
                "org": "Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Siew-Eng How",
                "org": "Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 88400, Malaysia."
            },
            {
                "name": "Motonari Uesugi",
                "org": "Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 Rue Lhomond, Paris, 75005, France."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "k6nCFihk": {
        "id": "k6nCFihk",
        "title": "Biocompatible TiO2 nanoparticle-based cell immunoassay for circulating tumor cells capture and identification from cancer patients.",
        "abstract": "We demonstrate the isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with a biocompatible nano-film composed of TiO2 nanoparticles. Due to the enhanced topographic interaction between nano-film and cancer cell surface, cancer cells (HCT116) spiked into PBS and healthy blood can be recovered from the suspension, whose efficiencies were respectively 80 % and 50 %. Benifit from the biocompatibility of this nano-film, in-situ culture of the captured cancer cells is also available, which provides an alternative selection when the capture cell number was inadequate or the sample cannot be analyzed immediately. For the proof-of-concept study, we use this nano-film to separate the circulating tumor cells from the colorectal and gastric cancer patient peripheral blood samples and the captured CTCs are identified by a three-colored immunocytochemistry method. We investigated the cancer cells capture strength at the nano-bio interface through exposing the cells to fluid shear stress in microfluidic device, which can be utilized to increase the purity of CTCs. The result indicated that 50 % of the captured cells can be detached from the substrate when the fluid shear stress was 180 dyn cm(-2). By integration of this CTCs capture nano-film with other single cell analysis device, we expected to further explore their applications in genome sequencing based on the captured CTCs.",
        "keywords": [
            "Microfluidics",
            "TiO",
            "2",
            "nanoparticles",
            "Biocompatible",
            "Circulating tumor cells"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Rongxiang He",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Libo Zhao",
                "org": "Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)),Zhongguancun,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumin Liu",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nangang Zhang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Boran Cheng",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaobo He",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Cai",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sizhe Li",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Liu",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shishang Guo",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Xiong",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Zhong Zhao",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical microdevices",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "8Z1452la": {
        "id": "8Z1452la",
        "title": "One-step electroplating 3D template with gradient height to enhance micromixing in microfluidic chips",
        "abstract": "A cost-effective method that used electroplating to fabricate a 3D polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) passive micromixer was developed in this work. The mixer fabrication process characteristics were as follows: The chip design was transferred to indium tin oxide (ITO) glass via photolithography; the ITO glass was vertically immersed in a nickel electroplating solution; and the ITO glass was raised up by controlling by the syringe pump, while electroplating was in progress. In this method, the height of the mixing structure could increase gradient from 15 to 30 μm. Compared with a flat structure, this structure could increase mixing efficiency by at least 10 %. The mixing efficiency with this 3D microstructure can reach more than 80 %. This 3D microstructure fabrication method can be easily integrated with other PDMS functional structures for future point-of-care diagnostic applications because of the advantages of this technique.",
        "keywords": [
            "Microfluidic",
            " 3D fabrication",
            " Electroplating",
            " Micromixing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "weiqi he",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jingrong xiao",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhengtao zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "weiying zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "rongxiang he",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microfluidics and Nanofluidics",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "vSkeSshk": {
        "id": "vSkeSshk",
        "title": "Nanomaterial based Biosensors for Detection of Biomarkers of Exposure to OP Pesticides and Nerve Agents: A Review",
        "abstract": "Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are primarily used as insecticides and chemical warfare agents worldwide. Due to their impact on the environment and health, it is important to develop prompt and accurate pesticide analysis method. This review addresses recent advances and new trends in nanotechnology-based biosensors for biological monitoring of exposures to OP pesticides and nerve agents. In order to determine them, we have to find the corresponding biomarkers. In 1989, the national academy of sciences (NAS)divided biomarkers into the following three categories: biomarker of exposure, biomarker of effect and biomarker of susceptibility (Figure 1A). The unique chemical and physical properties of nanomaterial have paved the way to new and improved sensing devices, in general, and electrochemical/optical biosensors, in particular. In this paper, background information and a general overview of electrochemical/immunoassay detection techniques are provided. Various nanomaterial labels are discussed. Usually nanomaterials can be roughly divided into nanometer powder, nanometer fiber, nanometer film, nanometer block and so on four classes, such as colloidal gold, semiconductor nanoparticles and carbon nanomaterial (Figure 1B). In addition, we discuss some future considerations and opportunities for advancing the use of biosensors for environmental and health studies.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weiying Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenzhong Guo",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical college Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 P.R.China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Cao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electroanalysis",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "XeXAVx8y": {
        "id": "XeXAVx8y",
        "title": "Fluorescent Determination of Glucose Using Silicon Nanodots",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTHere is reported a fluorescent biosensor for glucose detection based on water-soluble and pH-responsive silicon nanodots. The silicon nanodots were prepared using a facile hydrothermal method. The advantages of using the silicon nanodots as glucose sensor are twofold. Firstly, the fluorescence of silicon nanodots was quenched by hydrogen peroxide that was produced from glucose oxidation. Secondly, the fluorescence of silicon nanodots was highly sensitive to gluconic acid that was also produced by glucose oxidation. Our results show that this method detected glucose as low as 0.54 µM with a good selectivity and allowed the determination of glucose in serum samples. This method is also simple, rapid, low-toxic and low-cost, thereby hold high application potential for biological assays.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chaohui Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaohui Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanan Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengtao Zhang",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongxiang He",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Analytical Letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "F4RkqEpd": {
        "id": "F4RkqEpd",
        "title": "A Bottom-Up Approach to Dual Shape-Memory Effects",
        "abstract": "This study demonstrates how to successfully bridge the gap between nanoscale shape-memory function and macroscale motion using a bottom-up approach. This was achieved by first fabricating a photoswitchable surface-molecular-imprinted layer-by-layer (LbL) film capable of memorizing the shape and size of template molecules when illuminated. This photoswitch was built on the fundamental supramolecular interaction between an α-cyclodextrin-modified template acting as a photosocket and an azobenzene-modified poly(acrylic acid) photoplug. Corresponding patterns applied by cover-printing and wet photolithography were used to illustrate the stability of the binding sites; a simple and clean method was developed for removing the template–dye by UV irradiation. A functional fusion of nanoimprints and macroscopic materials was subsequently established by applying LbL coating technology to poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PDLLA) modified to have a shape-memory effect. Macroscopic changes in shape were found to cause deformatio...",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "juan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "na li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaolong guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liu he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuan cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "weiying zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "rongxiang he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyong qian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemistry of Materials",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "3axekSzg": {
        "id": "3axekSzg",
        "title": "Photoswitchable Layer-by-Layer Nanostructured Multilayer Films for Drug Delivery",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaoyong zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhengtao zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qingliang you",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "rongxiang he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "juan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "congcong ni",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiyan liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "eOgZSM11": {
        "id": "eOgZSM11",
        "title": "PDMS micropillar-based microchip for efficient cancer cell capture",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jingrong xiao",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "weiqi he",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhengtao zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "weiying zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "rongxiang he",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "EzBSkb8c": {
        "id": "EzBSkb8c",
        "title": "Multi-responsive drug release from hydrogen-bonding multilayers containing PEGylated nanoparticles and azobenzenes",
        "abstract": "Using PEGylated nanoparticles and light-sensitive azobenzenes, a multicolor fluorescence layer-by-layer film loading drug has been constructed based on hydrogen bonding. The multilayer film exhibited multi-responsive drug release properties.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jin li",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China. softmatter@163.com yong.chen@ens.fr."
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoyong zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "shengqiu chen",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "qingliang you",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "rongxiang he",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jian shi",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "ecole normale superieure"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of materials chemistry. B",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "Zzp8eEk3": {
        "id": "Zzp8eEk3",
        "title": "A 3D graphene oxide microchip and a Au-enwrapped silica nanocomposite-based supersandwich cytosensor toward capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "na li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tingyu xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhengtao zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "rongxiang he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dan wen",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "weiying zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanoscale",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "aNTZd6kj": {
        "id": "aNTZd6kj",
        "title": "Visible-light-controllable drug release from multilayer-coated microneedles",
        "abstract": "A method for the generation of visible-light-controllable drug release polyelectrolyte multilayers on poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) microneedles is developed by host-guest chemistry. In response to visible light irradiation, model drugs encapsulated on polyelectrolyte multilayers transfer into the skin following brief microneedle application.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqiang Zheng",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haixia Ye",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Wang",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Taoye Zhang",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingliang You",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haohuan Li",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430060,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongxiang He",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiying Zhang",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Cao",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research & Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of materials chemistry. B",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "SwkbTwUB": {
        "id": "SwkbTwUB",
        "title": "Artificial honeycomb-inspired TiO2 nanorod arrays with tunable nano/micro interfaces for improving poly(dimethylsiloxane) surface hydrophobicity",
        "abstract": "This work demonstrates a bottom-up model of fabricating a honeycomb-inspired interface consisting of micro- and nanostructures for improving poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) hydrophobicity. TiO nanorod arrays and microsized voids were fabricated by a two-step hydrothermal reaction method. First, rutile TiO nanorod arrays were hydrothermally fabricated on the fluorine-doped SnO conductive substrates substrate. Second, microsized TiO voids were synthesized through HCl hydrothermal etching to obtain a honeycomb-inspired interface with tunable size. The size of the etched voids increased from 0.22 ± 0.06 to 8.0 ± 2.8 μm. The interfaces were then transferred on the PDMS surface to improve hydrophobic property. The contact angles of the corresponding positive PDMS replicas reached 140° after etching with the TiO nanorod arrays for 10 h. The size of mastoid structures on the PDMS surfaces was 7.5 μm, which is similar to the size of microstructures on the lotus leaf surface. The fabricated PDMS surface with tunable hydrophobicity properties can be used in the microfluidic channels in the future.",
        "keywords": [
            "TiO2",
            "Contact Angle",
            "PDMS",
            "Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template",
            "Void Size"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "rongxiang he",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jingrong xiao",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "minli zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhengtao zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "weiying zhang",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yumin liu",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "jianghan university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "CTbrQEgT": {
        "id": "CTbrQEgT",
        "title": "Microfluidic device with integrated microfilter of conical-shaped holes for high efficiency and high purity capture of circulating tumor cells",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yadong tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yvon e cayre",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sisi li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian shi",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific Reports",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "s0KBm1vU": {
        "id": "s0KBm1vU",
        "title": "Shape memory supramolecular networks for the photoregulated adsorption and release of model molecules",
        "abstract": "Multifunctional semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) constituted of poly(methacrylic acid-co-4-phenylazomaleinanil) (MAA-AzoMI) and Pluronic was designed and prepared, which is stabilized by hydrogenbonding interactions between PMAA carboxylic protons and Pluronic ether group. The characteristics of the materials were investigated by FTIR spectra, DSC, DMA and swelling measurements. Because of a large difference in storage modulus below and above the glass transition temperature, the semi-IPN material shows excellent shape memory effect with a recovery ratio of nearly 98%. For this system, the fixing phase is the MAA-AzoMI network, while the reversible phase is the PMAA-Pluronic complex phase. Meanwhile, by introducing azobenzene side group, this supramolecular network is sensitive to UV and visible light. The photoinduced trans → cis isomerization of azobenzene chromophores in the semi-IPN material leads to a transition from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity of the polymer network. Therefore, UV light can induce a rapid autoloading of drug molecules into the network, and then the bound model molecules can be released under visible light. © 2013 by American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Multifunctionality",
            "Photoisomerization",
            "Semi-interpenetrating networks",
            "Shape memory",
            "Supramolecular networks"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yiping cao",
                "org": "Sichuan University(Sichuan University),Chengdu,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "qingliang you",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yuanfang zhang",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanfang Zhang",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhilan yang",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhilan Yang",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "juan wang",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "congcong ni",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Congcong Ni",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyong qian",
                "org": "Jianghan University(Jianghan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyong Qian",
                "org": "Sichuan University(Sichuan University),Chengdu,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials Express",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "rlSVkHxx": {
        "id": "rlSVkHxx",
        "title": "A micro-/nano-chip and quantum dots-based 3D cytosensor for quantitative analysis of circulating tumor cells.",
        "abstract": "We constructed a novel 3D electrochemical cytosensor based on Ni micropillars, PLGA electrospun nanofibers and quantum dots bioprobe, which could be used to highly sensitive and selective analysis of CTCs. More significantly, the 3D cytosensor can efficiently identify CTCs from whole blood, which suggested the potential applications of our technique for the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of cancers.",
        "keywords": [
            "Circulating tumor cells",
            "Micropillar",
            "Nanofiber",
            "Quantum dots",
            "Three-dimensional cytosensor"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuan Wu",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tingyu Xiao",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Luo",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongxiang He",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Cao",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China. cyp@jhun.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenzhong Guo",
                "org": "Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China. guozz@wust.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiying Zhang",
                "org": "Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China. zwy2428@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "CNRS-ENS-UPMC, UMR 8640, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of nanobiotechnology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "THgGiFUY": {
        "id": "THgGiFUY",
        "title": "Methyl Parathion Degrading Enzyme-based Nano-hybrid Biosensor for Enhanced Methyl Parathion Recognition",
        "abstract": "Enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors with sufficient sensing specificity are useful analytical tools for detection of biologically important substances in complicated systems. Here, we present the design of a nano-hybrid biosensor for the specific and sensitive detection of methyl parathion (MP). The nano-hybrid sensing film was prepared via the formation of Au nanoparticals (AuNPs) on silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), mixing with multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNTs) and subsequent immobilization of methyl parathion degrading enzyme (MPD). The fabrication procedure was characterized by scanning electron images, linear scan voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The combined MPD exhibited high affinity to it substrate and thus a selective, sensitive, fast and cheap method for determination of MP, quantitatively was proposed. A significant synergistic effect of nano-hybrid on the biosensor performance was observed in biosensing MP. The square wave voltammetric responses displayed well defined peaks, linearly proportional to the concentration of MP in the range from 0.001 to 5.0 μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/mL. The proposed biosensor also showed good precision and reproducibility, acceptable stability and accuracy in garlic samples analysis. It provided a platform for the simple and fast construction of biosensors with good performance for the determination of enzyme-specific electroactive species.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haixia Ye",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenzhong Guo",
                "org": "School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430056, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Peng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyan Cai",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiping Cao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiying Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electroanalysis",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "sgQ0VcRi": {
        "id": "sgQ0VcRi",
        "title": "Microfluidic analogy of the wheatstone bridge for systematic investigations of electro-osmotic flows.",
        "abstract": "A microfluidic analogy of the electric Wheatstone Bridge has been developed for electrokinetic study of miscellaneous liquid-solid interfaces. By using an optimized glass-PDMS-glass device technology, microfluidic channels with well-controlled surface properties can be fabricated, forming an \"H\" shaped fluidic network. After solving a set of linear equations, the electro-osmotic flow rate in the center channel can be deduced from indirect measurement of flow rates in the lateral channels. Experimentally, we demonstrate that the electro-osmotic mobility can be monitored every 30 s with accuracy better than 3% for a large dynamic range of electric fields. The results obtained with a borosilicate glass (D-263) and several standard biological buffers are also shown to illustrate the capability of this high throughput method.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Adrien Plecis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Analytical chemistry",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "XlrTQIwj": {
        "id": "XlrTQIwj",
        "title": "Improved glass-PDMS-glass device technology for accurate measurements of electro-osmotic mobilities",
        "abstract": "We demonstrate an improved glass-PDMS-glass device technology based on reactive ion etch of a thin PDMS layer for microfluidic channel forming and glass to glass bonding. Reactive ion etch process has been optimised to achieve a high etch rate and a minimum surface roughness. Typically, microfluidic channels of 2.5@mm height and 50@mm width are obtained on a wafer scale, providing a patternable glass-liquid interface larger than 95% of the total channel wall surface. To illustrate the capability of this technique, electrokinetic characterization of soda-lime glass (D-263) surfaces are presented.",
        "keywords": [
            "total channel wall surface",
            "mm height",
            "improved glass-pdms-glass device technology",
            "glass bonding",
            "reactive ion etch",
            "electro-osmotic mobilities",
            "high etch rate",
            "minimum surface roughness",
            "soda-lime glass",
            "accurate measurement",
            "microfluidic channel",
            "mm width",
            "reactive ion etch process",
            "microfluidics",
            "glass",
            "surface roughness",
            "reactive ion etching"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Adrien Plecis",
                "org": "Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, CNRS, Marcoussis 91460, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "yiyX7NBT": {
        "id": "yiyX7NBT",
        "title": "A method for fast monitoring of flow rates in microfluidic channels",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "correlation function",
            "standard deviation",
            "flow rate",
            "maximum flow",
            "particle image velocimetry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "adrien plecis",
                "org": "university of puerto rico"
            },
            {
                "name": "laurent malaquin",
                "org": "university of puerto rico"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Physics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "utHi27t5": {
        "id": "utHi27t5",
        "title": "ELECTRO-PRECONCENTRATION OF BIO- MOLECULES IN NANOFLUIDIC DEVICES",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "adrien plecis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "clement nanteuil",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a m haghirigosnet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "9HT2QSO7": {
        "id": "9HT2QSO7",
        "title": "Ultrafast, sensitive and large-volume on-chip real-time PCR for the molecular diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections",
        "abstract": "To control future infectious disease outbreaks, like the 2014 Ebola epidemic, it is necessary to develop ultrafast molecular assays enabling rapid and sensitive diagnoses. To that end, several ultrafast real-time PCR systems have been previously developed, but they present issues that hinder their wide adoption, notably regarding their sensitivity and detection volume. An ultrafast, sensitive and large-volume real-time PCR system based on microfluidic thermalization is presented herein. The method is based on the circulation of pre-heated liquids in a microfluidic chip that thermalize the PCR chamber by diffusion and ultrafast flow switches. The system can achieve up to 30 real-time PCR cycles in around 2 minutes, which makes it the fastest PCR thermalization system for regular sample volume to the best of our knowledge. After biochemical optimization, anthrax and Ebola simulating agents could be respectively detected by a real-time PCR in 7 minutes and a reverse transcription real-time PCR in 7.5 minutes. These detections are respectively 6.4 and 7.2 times faster than with an off-the-shelf apparatus, while conserving real-time PCR sample volume, efficiency, selectivity and sensitivity. The high-speed thermalization also enabled us to perform sharp melting curve analyses in only 20 s and to discriminate amplicons of different lengths by rapid real-time PCR. This real-time PCR microfluidic thermalization system is cost-effective, versatile and can be then further developed for point-of-care, multiplexed, ultrafast and highly sensitive molecular diagnoses of bacterial and viral diseases.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Timothée Houssin",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jérémy Cramer",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, 24 rue Lhomond,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jérémy Cramer",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University, 24 rue Lhomond,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rébecca Grojsman",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lyes Bellahsene",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guillaume Colas",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hélène Moulet",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Walter Minnella",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Christophe Pannetier",
                "org": "Episteme Research and Consulting, 1 rue Rabelais,Vanves,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Maël Leberre",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Adrien Plecis",
                "org": "Elvesys – Innovation Center, 83 avenue Philippe Auguste,Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lab on a Chip",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "aQTrl4aQ": {
        "id": "aQTrl4aQ",
        "title": "Electropreconcentration with charge-selective nanochannels.",
        "abstract": "We report on the systematic investigation of electropreconcentration phenomena in hybrid micro/nanofluidic devices. The competition between the electroosmotic dragging force and the highly nonlinear electrophoretic forces induced by the polarization effect is responsible for four preconcentration regimes within such structures that can arise at both cathodic and anodic sides of the nanochannel. Numerical calculations on the spatiotemporal concentration of charged molecules confirm such a classification, showing a general agreement with the reported experimental data at low and moderate ionic strengths. The results also suggest that both the mobility and the valence of the species of interest are important parameters in the determination of the preconcentration rates.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Adrien Plecis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Clément Nanteuil",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Anne-Marie Haghiri-Gosnet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Analytical chemistry",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "PRd7anr9": {
        "id": "PRd7anr9",
        "title": "Fabrication of microfluidic devices based on glass-PDMS-glass technology",
        "abstract": "We describe an alternative technology for the fabrication of microfluidic devices having a glass-PDMS-glass sandwich configuration. The advantage of this technique relies on the use of a patterned PDMS layer as both a bonding layer and a working layer for lateral fluid confinements. Conventional lithography, etch and lift off techniques can be easily applied to both glass substrates, which enhances patterning capabilities of top and bottom surfaces of microchannels. The detailed fabrication process is presented and discussed. The performance of the fabricated devices is also illustrated through the measurement of electro-osmotic flows in microfluidic channels coated with different materials.",
        "keywords": [
            "bonding layer",
            "conventional lithography",
            "alternative technology",
            "glass-pdms-glass technology",
            "different material",
            "soft lithography",
            "bonding technology",
            "working layer",
            "pdms layer",
            "moulding technique",
            "microfluidics",
            "pdms etching",
            "detailed fabrication process",
            "bottom surface",
            "microfluidic channel",
            "eof",
            "microfluidic device"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Adrien Plecis",
                "org": "Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, CNRS, Route de Nozay, Marcoussis 91460, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, CNRS, Route de Nozay, Marcoussis 91460, France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "wNQ7w31c": {
        "id": "wNQ7w31c",
        "title": "Electroformation of giant phospholipid vesicles on a silicon substrate: advantages of controllable surface properties.",
        "abstract": "We introduce the use of silicon (Si) as a substrate for the electroformation of giant phospholipid vesicles. By taking advantage of the tunability of silicon surface properties, we varied the organization of the phospholipid film on the electrode and studied the consequences on vesicle formation. In particular, we investigated the effects of Si surface chemistry and microtopology on the organization of the phospholipid film and the properties of the final vesicles. We established correlations between chemical homogeneity, film defects, and resulting vesicle size distribution. By considering phospholipid films that are artificially fragmented by electrode microstructures, we showed that the characteristic size of vesicles decreases with a decrease in microstructure dimensions. We finally proposed a way to control the vesicle size distribution by using a micropatterned silicon dioxide layer on a Si substrate.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Maël Le Berre",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris F-75005, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ayako Yamada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lukas Reck",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "aEG6rHOg": {
        "id": "aEG6rHOg",
        "title": "Dynamic conformational behavior and molecular interaction discrimination of DNA/binder complexes by single-chain stretching in a microdevice.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "microfluidics",
            "compaction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Hua Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Anatoly A Zinchenko",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cyril Pawlak",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "LvL3wHTz": {
        "id": "LvL3wHTz",
        "title": "Protection of human genomic DNA from mechanical stress by reversible folding transition.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "mechanical stress",
            "dna damage",
            "compaction",
            "human genome",
            "dna",
            "shearing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lucia Cinque",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yamina Ghomchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Aaron Bensimon",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "X8c7n2y5": {
        "id": "X8c7n2y5",
        "title": "Microcontact printing of living bacteria arrays with cellular resolution.",
        "abstract": "Arrays of living bacteria were printed on agarose substrate with cellular resolution using elastomeric stamps with a high aspect ratio generated by reverse in situ lithography (RISL). The printed bacteria reproduced the original stamp patterns with high fidelity and continued growing as in bulk culture. This methodology provides a simple route to any desired bacterial spatial 2D distribution and may be applied to screening as well as to studies of bacteria phenotypic variability, population dynamics, and ecosystem evolution.",
        "keywords": [
            "microcontact printing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Luping Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lydia Robert",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Ouyang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "François Taddei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ariel B Lindner",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "2HMmRJfA": {
        "id": "2HMmRJfA",
        "title": "Channel height dependent protein nucleation and crystal growth in microfluidic devices",
        "abstract": "We report on results of a study of protein crystallization in microfluidic devices with different channel heights. Multilayer soft lithography has been used for the fabrication of devices with integrated micro-valves and crystallization channels of height in the range from 15@mm to 180@mm. To demonstrate the channel height dependent nucleation and crystal growth, a standard batch crystallization solution composed of 60mg/ml lysozyme, 100mM acetate buffer pH 4.6 and 1.5M NaCl was used with minimized sample quantity. Our results show that deep channels favorite the nucleation whereas shallow ones favorite the crystal growth. When the channel height is less than 50@mm the number of lysozyme crystals is dramatically reduced whereas their mean size is increased. Furthermore, our results also show the feasibility of decoupling nucleation and crystal growth in a stair-like channel which should facilitate the appearance of single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction.",
        "keywords": [
            "different channel height",
            "crystallization channel",
            "deep channel",
            "protein crystallization",
            "channel height",
            "stair-like channel",
            "channel height dependent nucleation",
            "lysozyme crystal",
            "microfluidic device",
            "crystal growth",
            "decoupling nucleation",
            "channel height dependent protein",
            "microfluidics",
            "single crystal",
            "soft lithography",
            "x ray diffraction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Malika Lounaci",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, S ..."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pascal Rigolet",
                "org": "Laboratoire de Dynamique des Microtubules en Physiopathologie, Université Paris-Sud 11 Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, Chítenay-Malabry 92296, France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "rsUZ61h1": {
        "id": "rsUZ61h1",
        "title": "From convective assembly to Landau-Levich deposition of multilayered phospholipid films of controlled thickness.",
        "abstract": "In this letter, we describe a method to control the organization and thickness of multilayered phospholipid films. The meniscus of an organic solution of phospholipid molecules was dragged at a speed v on a solid substrate under controlled temperature and forced convection, leading to the deposition of a dried multilayered phospholipid film with a thickness h in the range of 20-200 nm. We found two distinct regimes dominating the film deposition. At low speeds, phospholipid molecules accumulate near the contact line and form a dry film behind the meniscus (evaporation regime). At high speed, viscous forces become predominant and pull out a liquid film that will dry afterward (Landau-Levich regime). Both regimes show robust scaling h infinity v(alpha) with alpha = -1.1 and 0.76, respectively. Although these regimes have been observed separately in the past, they have not been demonstrated in the same material system. Moreover, we present models whose scalings (alpha = -1 and 2/3) are in close agreement with the observed values. The microscale organization of the resulting film is independent of v for a given regime but differs from one regime to another. In the Landau-Levich regime, h is very homogeneous on the microscale with discrete variations of +/- 5 nm, that is, the thickness of one bilayer.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Maël Le Berre",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "Ks60ZlaF": {
        "id": "Ks60ZlaF",
        "title": "Phospholipid patterns: Small 14/2009",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Antoine Diguet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Maël Le Berre",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Small",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "6AlVW7eV": {
        "id": "6AlVW7eV",
        "title": "Preparation of phospholipid multilayer patterns of controlled size and thickness by capillary assembly on a microstructured substrate.",
        "abstract": "By dragging a phospholipid solution on microstructured silicon surfaces, phospholipid molecules are selectively deposited inside the microstructures to get regular phospholipid multilayer patterns of controlled thickness over a large scale ( approximately cm(2)). By varying the dragging speed, the thickness of the patterns varies between 28 and 100 nm on average (7 to 25 bilayers). Electroswelling of phospholipid multilayer patterns leads to the formation of giant liposomes of controlled size and narrow size distributions.",
        "keywords": [
            "microstructures"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Antoine Diguet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Maël Le Berre",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "OVw3Hp6z": {
        "id": "OVw3Hp6z",
        "title": "Cell trapping, DNA extraction and Molecular Combing in a microfluidic device for high throughput genetic analysis of human DNA",
        "abstract": "We report on an integrated microfluidic device for cell trapping, DNA extraction and Molecular Combing which can be used for genetic analysis of human DNA. Our results show that it is possible to isolate and linearize the genetic material of a few cells without introducing any manipulation step of DNA molecules, thus increasing dramatically the size of the events that can be studied on the genome. Such extraction strategy is simple and fast, providing a new possibility of high throughput single-cell DNA analysis which should be applicable to cancer research, genome mapping, and genotoxicity studies.",
        "keywords": [
            "cancer research",
            "high throughput single-cell dna",
            "cell trapping",
            "genome mapping",
            "molecular combing",
            "human dna",
            "genetic material",
            "chromosomal aberrations",
            "dna molecule",
            "genetic analysis",
            "microfluidics",
            "dna extraction",
            "extraction strategy",
            "dna stretching",
            "high throughput genetic analysis",
            "dna analysis",
            "genetics",
            "high throughput"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lucia Cinque",
                "org": "CNRS UMR 8640, Dept. Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005, France and Genomic Vision, Paris 75014, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ayako Yamada",
                "org": "CNRS UMR 8640, Dept. Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yamina Ghomchi",
                "org": "Genomic Vision, Paris 75014, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": "CNRS UMR 8640, Dept. Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "CNRS UMR 8640, Dept. Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005, France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "6gGpVqqI": {
        "id": "6gGpVqqI",
        "title": "Pre-dispositions and epigenetic inheritance in the Escherichia coli lactose operon bistable switch.",
        "abstract": "The lactose operon regulation in Escherichia coli is a primary model of phenotypic switching, reminiscent of cell fate determination in higher organisms. Under conditions of bistability, an isogenic cell population partitions into two subpopulations, with the operon's genes turned on or remaining off. It is generally hypothesized that the final state of a cell depends solely on stochastic fluctuations of the network's protein concentrations, particularly on bursts of lactose permease expression. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the cell switching decision are not fully understood. We designed a microfluidic system to follow the formation of a transiently bimodal population within growing microcolonies. The analysis of genealogy and cell history revealed the existence of pre-disposing factors for switching that are epigenetically inherited. Both the pre-induction expression stochasticity of the lactose operon repressor LacI and the cellular growth rate are predictive factors of the cell's response upon induction, with low LacI concentration and slow growth correlating with higher switching probability. Thus, stochasticity at the local level of the network and global physiology are synergistically involved in cell response determination.",
        "keywords": [
            "gene expression",
            "adaptation",
            "cell fate",
            "bistability",
            "systems biology",
            "lac operon",
            "differentiation",
            "stochastic processes",
            "escherichia coli"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lydia Robert",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory Paul",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "François Taddei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ariel B Lindner",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular systems biology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ObsOHznR": {
        "id": "ObsOHznR",
        "title": "A micropillar-integrated smart microfluidic device for specific capture and sorting of cells.",
        "abstract": "An integrated smart microfluidic device consisting of nickel micropillars, microvalves, and microchannels was developed for specific capture and sorting of cells. A regular hexagonal array of nickel micropillars was integrated on the bottom of a microchannel by standard photolithography, which can generate strong induced magnetic field gradients under an external magnetic field to efficiently trap superparamagnetic beads (SPMBs) in a flowing stream, forming a bed with sufficient magnetic beads as a capture zone. Fluids could be manipulated by programmed controlling the integrated air-pressure-actuated microvalves, based on which in situ bio-functionalization of SPMBs trapped in the capture zone was realized by covalent attachment of specific proteins directly to their surface on the integrated microfluidic device. In this case, only small volumes of protein solutions (62.5 nL in the capture zone; 375 nL in total volume needed to fill the device from inlet A to the intersection of outlet channels F and G) can meet the need for protein! The newly designed microfluidic device reduced greatly chemical and biological reagent consumption and simplified drastically tedious manual handling. Based on the specific interaction between wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and N-acetylglucosamine on the cell membrane, A549 cancer cells were effectively captured and sorted on the microfluidic device. Capture efficiency ranged from 62 to 74%. The integrated microfluidic device provides a reliable technique for cell sorting.",
        "keywords": [
            "cell sorting",
            "microfluidics",
            "microvalve",
            "nickel micropillar"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan-Jun Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shi-Shang Guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Ling Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Hua Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dai-Wen Pang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrophoresis",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "LyuYPy5Z": {
        "id": "LyuYPy5Z",
        "title": "Integration of minisolenoids in microfluidic device for magnetic bead-based immunoassays",
        "abstract": "Microfluidic devices with integrated minisolenoids, microvalves, and channels have been fabricated for fast and low-volume immunoassay using superparamagnetic beads and well-known surface bioengineering protocols. A magnetic reaction area can be formed in the microchannel, featuring a high surface-to-volume ratio and low diffusion distances for the reagents to the bead surface. Such a method has the obvious advantage of easy implementation at low cost. Moreover, the minisolenoids can be switched on or off and the magnetic field intensity can be tuned on demand. Fluids can be manipulated by controlling the integrated air-pressure-actuated microvalves. Accordingly, magnetic bead-based immunoassay, as a typical example of biochemical detection and analysis, has been successfully performed on the integrated microfluidic device automatically in longitudinal mode. With a sample consumption of 0.5μl and a total assay time of less than 15min, goat immunoglobulin G was detected and the method exhibited a detection limit of 4.7ng/ml. © 2007 American Institute of Physics.",
        "keywords": [
            "detection limit",
            "magnetic field"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yanjun Liu",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shishang Guo",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiling Zhang",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weihua Huang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daiwen Pang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Physics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "vMBivUGY": {
        "id": "vMBivUGY",
        "title": "Ultrasonic particle trapping in microfluidic devices using soft lithography",
        "abstract": "We report on the feasible fabrication of microfluidic devices for noncontact particle trapping. A half-wavelength resonator was constructed using standard soft lithography to generate ultrasonic standing waves through a miniature piezoelectric transducer. Microparticles (400 nm to 10 μm in diameter) flowing through polydimethylsiloxane microchannels were efficiently trapped to levitate in the middle depth of a resonance cavity. Such a device could potentially offer a flexible platform for particle-based assays for a large variety of applications. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.",
        "keywords": [
            "polymers",
            "soft lithography",
            "standing wave",
            "particle size"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shishang Guo",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LiBo Zhao",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Zhang",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "KwoHo Lam",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sienting Lau",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingzhong Zhao",
                "org": "Wuhan University(Wuhan University),Wuhan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Y. Wang",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Helen L. W. Chan",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Hong Kong Polytechnic University,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Physics Letters",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "FyR23j29": {
        "id": "FyR23j29",
        "title": "Spatially-controlled protein crystallization in microfluidic chambers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "microfluidics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "clothilde longuet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ayako yamada",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "damien baigl",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jacques fattaccioli",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Crystal Growth",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "fMCxttnj": {
        "id": "fMCxttnj",
        "title": "A microfluidic device with integrated ZnO nanowires for photodegradation studies of methylene blue under different conditions",
        "abstract": "A microfluidic device with integrated ZnO nanowires (NWs) has been used for photodegradation studies of organic dye. By using conventional photolithography and hydrothermal growth techniques, high density and well-aligned ZnO NWs were grown on a patterned area over a glass substrate, allowing easy integration into a microfluidic reaction chamber for photodegradation under continuous-flow conditions. Cyclic photodegradation experiments are shown to demonstrate the variation of the photocatalytic efficiency during the first cycles. Accordingly, the device pretreatments such as ZnO NWs annealing and flushing with dye solution were performed in order to determine the optimal photocatalytic conditions. As expected, the microfluidics based approach exhibited a much improved photodegradation efficiency comparing to the conventional method using dispersed ZnO NWs.",
        "keywords": [
            "different condition",
            "conventional method",
            "conventional photolithography",
            "photodegradation study",
            "improved photodegradation efficiency",
            "zno nws",
            "dye solution",
            "well-aligned zno nws",
            "integrated zno nanowires",
            "cyclic photodegradation experiment",
            "zno nws annealing",
            "microfluidic device",
            "methylene blue",
            "photocatalysis",
            "microfluidic"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhitao Han",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France and School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjun Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wentao He",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sisi Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinkui Chu",
                "org": "School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France and Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, 430056 Wuhan, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microelectronic Engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "5qI0hviH": {
        "id": "5qI0hviH",
        "title": "Improved electrical conductivity of PANI/PEO polymer via electrospinning and its application as NH 3 gas sensor",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "humidity",
            "polymer blends",
            "molecular weight",
            "voltage",
            "doping",
            "polymers",
            "electrospinning",
            "films",
            "flow rate",
            "conducting polymers",
            "electrical conductivity",
            "conductivity",
            "response time"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "sisi li",
                "org": "xiamen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "gaofeng zheng",
                "org": "xiamen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiang wang",
                "org": "xiamen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "ecole normale superieure"
            },
            {
                "name": "dezhi wu",
                "org": "xiamen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "daoheng sun",
                "org": "xiamen university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "nano/micro engineered and molecular systems",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "6ciExAg5": {
        "id": "6ciExAg5",
        "title": "Anisotropic Wet Etched Silicon Substrates for Reoriented and Selective Growth of ZnO Nanowires and Enhanced Hydrophobicity",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiongtu zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhitao han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinghua tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junjun li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sisi li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Langmuir",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "fzeItlHG": {
        "id": "fzeItlHG",
        "title": "Facile synthesis of ZnO nanowires on FTO glass for dye-sensitized solar cells",
        "abstract": "Long and well-aligned ZnO nanowires were hydrothermally synthesized on FTO glass based on a ZnO seed layer which was prepared by spin-coating and annealing techniques.The effect of the growth solution refreshment on the morphology of ZnO nanowires was investigated and the possible mechanism was discussed.After refreshing the growth solution for 5 cycles,ZnO nanowires of ~ 120 nm in diameter and ~ 20 /μm in length were obtained.The prepared ZnO nanowires were used as photoelectrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs),showing excellent photovoltaic performance.With the increase of growth cycles of ZnO nanowires,the photocurrent of DSSCs increased obviously due to the increased dye loading on the surface of ZnO nanowires.The results indicated that the lone and well-aligned ZnO nanowires are promising for DSSCs application.",
        "keywords": [
            "dye-sensitized solar cells",
            "hydrothermal synthesis",
            "nanowires",
            "zinc oxide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhitao Han",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sisi Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Junjun",
                "org": "1 School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian ,China 2Ecole Normale Superieure,CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640,75005 Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinkui Chu",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "半导体学报(英文版)",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "Jz6qjuN1": {
        "id": "Jz6qjuN1",
        "title": "Electrospun Pd-doped ZnO nanofibers for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue",
        "abstract": "Pure and Pd-doped ZnO nanofibers were synthesized via an electrospinning technique, in which polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as the fiber template, zinc acetate/palladium chloride as the precursors, and a mixture of ethanol/acid acetate/water at ratio of 8:5:2 (v/v/v) as the co-solvent. The electrospun fibers were calcined at 600 C in air for 2 h and characterized by various methods. The photocatalytic activity of the pure and Pd-doped ZnO nanofibers was studied through the photodegradation of methylene blue. Comparing to the pure ZnO nanofibers, the Pd-doped catalysts showed a much enhanced photodegradation efficiency. The possible mechanism was also discussed. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nanofibers",
            "Electrospinning",
            "Photocatalysis",
            "ZnO"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhitao Han",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sisi Li",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinkui Chu",
                "org": "Dalian University of Technology(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Univ. of Technol.),Dalian,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "8l8nrFHG": {
        "id": "8l8nrFHG",
        "title": "Enhanced fluorescence detection of proteins using ZnO nanowires integrated inside microfluidic chips.",
        "abstract": "Nanostructure-enhanced detection is promising for a number of applications such as early cancer diagnosis, environmental monitoring and mine safety, among which nanostructures integrated microfluidic chips offers unique advantage of ultra-low quantitative analyses. Here, dense ZnO nanowires of varied diameter and length were obtained by changing the content of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and growth time via simple hydrothermal growth in microfluidic channels for protein detection. We showed that this approach was superiorly efficient compared to the conventional hydrothermal method due to the flow-induced replenishment of nutrient and the effect of shear stress. When immobilizing FITC conjugated anti-bovine immunoglobulin G (IgG) on ZnO nanowires, the fluorescence emission was significantly amplified compared to glass substrate and ZnO seed layer. Under the different growth conditions, the most remarkable fluorescence enhancement was observed on the ZnO nanowire substrate grown for 3h with 5mM PEI in solution. It is ascribed not only to the increase of the binding surface area of proteins but also the intrinsic fluorescence enhancement of ZnO nanowires as waveguides. We further used the optimized ZnO nanowires to demonstrate multiple detection of cancer biomarkers, achieving a superior limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1pg/mL in human α-fetoprotein (AFP) assay and 100 fg/mL in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay with large dynamic range of 6-7 orders, which suggests that ZnO nanowire integrated microfluidic chips are promising for high-throughput fluorescence-based diagnostic assays.",
        "keywords": [
            "Fluorescence detection",
            "Immunoassay",
            "Microfluidic channels",
            "ZnO nanowires"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lingxia Guo",
                "org": "Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuchen Shi",
                "org": "Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangfei Liu",
                "org": "Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhitao Han",
                "org": "Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenjie Zhao",
                "org": "Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, Paris 75005, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenhui Xie",
                "org": "Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China. Electronic address: whxie@phy.ecnu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Li",
                "org": "Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China. Electronic address: xli@phy.ecnu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biosensors & bioelectronics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "aoNjKZGD": {
        "id": "aoNjKZGD",
        "title": "Piezoresistive effects of resonant tunneling structure for application in micro-sensors",
        "abstract": "In this paper, piezoresistive properties of resonant tunneling structure made of undoped InGaAs/AlAs double-barrier quantum layers have been experimentally investigated, and the resonant tunneling structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on semi-insulation (001)-oriented GaAs substrate. We found that the piezoresistivity of such quantum layers is about one order higher than that of the commonly used silicon structures. Micro accelerometers based on InGaAs/AlAs double-barrier resonant tunneling structures have also been designed and fabricated by control hole technique.",
        "keywords": [
            "Double-barrier microstructure",
            "Piezoresistor",
            "Resonant tunneling",
            "Superlattice"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhang Wendong",
                "org": "North University of China(North University of China),Taiyuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue Chenyang",
                "org": "North University of China(North University of China),Taiyuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiong Jijun",
                "org": "North University of China(North University of China),Taiyuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xie Bin",
                "org": "North University of China(North University of China),Taiyuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Tianjie",
                "org": "North University of China(North University of China),Taiyuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Superieure(Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Normale Superieure),Paris,France"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "rLcIogX3": {
        "id": "rLcIogX3",
        "title": "Substrate elasticity dependent colony formation and cardiac differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells.",
        "abstract": "Substrate elasticity regulates cell functions including cell aggregation and stem cell differentiation. The ability to manufacture substrates of desired elasticity over a broad range is therefore crucial for both fundamental research and advanced applications. In this work, we developed a method to fabricate dense elastomer pillars of different heights on a rigid substrate, providing an effective elasticity ranging from 3 to 168 kPa. Assisted with an elastomer stencil of honeycomb pattern for cell seeding, we obtained uniform colonies of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and differentiated cardiomyocytes on the pillar substrates of different modulus. Our results showed that the elasticity of substrates significantly affected the cell colony formation via governing the colony edge propagation. More importantly, the results demonstrated that an intermediate substrate elasticity of about 9 kPa is preferable to reach an embryoid-like aggregation and optimal for cardiac differentiation of hiPSCs. Overall, this work sheds new insights on the importance of substrate modulus on cell aggregation and stem cell differentiation as well as the manufacturing of culture substrates with desired elasticity.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cardiomyocytes",
            "Elasticity",
            "Micropillars",
            "hiPSCs"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "chemistry, École normale supérieure de Paris, Paris, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Tu",
                "org": "chemistry, École Normale Supérieure de paris, paris, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Wei",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure de paris, paris, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure de paris, paris, FRANCE."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chemistry, Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris, paris, FRANCE."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biofabrication",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "UVQCF7fd": {
        "id": "UVQCF7fd",
        "title": "Correlation between cell growth rate and glucose consumption determined by electrochemical monitoring",
        "abstract": "The electrochemical monitoring of glucose consumption is relevant for cell biology studies because of its wide detection range, high sensitivity and easy implementation. Whereas the glucose consumption and cell growth rate can be tightly correlated, they should also be cell population density dependent. In this work, we fabricated high sensitive enzyme electrodes for accurate monitoring of glucose consumption of cells in different growth stages. The performance of the fabricated device was firstly evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) with p -benzoquinone (PBQ) as redox mediator, showing a linear response over a wide detection range (0.3–60 mM), a high sensitivity (1.61 ± 0.10 μA mM −1 mm −2 ( n = 5)) and a low detection limit (80 μM). Then, daily glucose consumptions of NIH 3T3 cells in 24-well plates were determined for a period of 7 days. The results could be compared to the cell population growth curve, showing a close correlation but different behavior. We found that the increase of the glucose consumption took place prior the cell number increase but the glucose consumption per cell decreases linearly in the exponential growth stage of cells. Keywords Micro-sensors Electrochemistry Cell growth rate Glucose consumption 1 Introduction Glucose consumption is one of the key indicators of metabolic activities of cells so that it can be tightly correlated to the cell growth rate or the cell population dynamics. Previously, different techniques including electrochemistry, infrared adsorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence, impedance spectroscopy, etc., have been used for the glucose concentration monitoring [1–9] . Among them, electrochemical methods have shown clear advantages such as high sensitivity and high selectivity by proper choice of detection potential and/or electrode material [10–15] . Moreover, the electrochemical sensing elements can be miniaturized for portable devices and they are now routinely used for blood and food sample analyses and bioreactor control. Finally, the electrochemical methods are also useful for analysing many other biological and biochemical factors [16–21] or multiple analytes in real-time [22–25] . The electrochemical methods are based on rather complex reactions at the electrode surfaces which can be changed rapidly due to adsorption or desorption of reagents, surface catalyzing, diffusion and migration as well as convection of species. Accordingly, a large amount of investigations have been developed by using different detection methods (amperometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance techniques and chrono-amperometry, etc.), different electrode geometry, different material types (Pt, Au, etc.), and different surface coating techniques (self-assembled monolayer, mediators, enzyme, etc.). In the case of high precision glucose detection, both glucose oxidase (GOx) and electrocatalytic molecules based enzyme electrodes are now widely used. With GOx coated electrodes, the detection relies on the quantity of H 2 O 2 generated by the GOx-catalyzed reaction when oxygen is the electron mediator between GOx and electrode surface. Since the detection of H 2 O 2 requires a relatively high oxidation potential, it may cause severe interference from readily oxidizable species presented in physiological samples. In addition, Prussian-Blue [26,27] can be added to reduce the applied potentials (ca. 0.0 V versus Ag/AgCl). Moreover, when electrocatalytic molecules such as benzoquinone, ferric hexacyanoferrate, are used as mediators, the over-potential can be reduced which is favorable for fast electron transfer kinetics [28–30] . Consequently, the measurements will be independent of the oxygen concentration and the reaction interference between coexisting electroactive species can be minimized. The electrochemical monitoring of glucose consumption is relevant for cell biology studies because of its wide detection range, high sensitivity and easy implementation. In general, the cell growth rates are determined by direct methods such as hemacytometer cell counting, whereas indirect methods based on the measurement of nutrient consumption offer complementary information on the cell culture processes. The combination of the two allows a better understanding of metabolic activities of cells so that the cell culture processes can be controlled more accurately. In this work, we are particularly interested in correlation between population dynamics and glucose consumption of cells at different cell growth stages. We firstly describe the fabrication method of a mediator-based glucose micro-sensor and show its linear electrochemical response in the range of 0.3–60 mM with a monitoring sensitivity of 0.383 ± 0.025 μA/mM ( n = 5) and a low detection limit of 80 μM. Then, we compare the results obtained by counting cell number and glucose consumption measurements on cell population increases over a period of 7 days and deduce the glucose consumption of single cell. We believe that our method is robust and versatile for the determination cell metabolic activities on chip. 2 Materials and methods 2.1 Materials Glucose oxidase (GOx, 100,000 units/g, EC 1.1.3.4, Type VII, from Aspergillus Niger), d -(+)-glucose, bovine serum albumin (BSA), glutaraldehyde (GA, 25% aqueous solution), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium phosphate monobasic (NaH 2 PO 4 ), sodium phosphate dibasic (Na 2 HPO 4 ), sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 , 98%), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), potassium iodide (KI), iodine (I 2 ), n -hexane, trypan-blue, penicillin/streptomycin (P/S) and trypsin–EDTA were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich and used without further purification. p -Benzoquinone (PBQ) was purchased from Fluka and recrystallized from n -hexane. 2-Mercaptoethanol (ME) was purchased from Acros Organics. AZ5214E photoresist and AZ726MIF developer were obtained from AZ Electronic Materials. Dulbecco's minimum essential medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), l -glutamine and fungizone were purchased from Gibco. Base polymer and cross-linker (methylhydrosiloxane dimethylsiloxane copolymers) were purchased from GE RTV 615 kit. Glasses, 24-well plates and hemacytometer were purchased from Fisher Scientific. All solutions were prepared with deionized water (DI, 18.2 MΩ cm −1 ). 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline (PBS) with two pH values (pH 7.3 and pH 5.6) was prepared by mixing 0.05 M NaCl with 0.05 M NaH 2 PO 4 /Na 2 HPO 4 . 0.1 M stock glucose solution was prepared in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.3) and stored at 4 °C to allow an overnight equilibration before use. 2.2 Device design and fabrication The operation process and electrochemical micro-sensor are schematically shown in Fig. 1 . NIH 3T3 cells were cultured in 24-well plate and 50 μl of culture medium was taken out every 24 h (A). After culture medium was mixed with 50 μl of 10 mM PBQ, the glucose concentrations in culture media were measured in the electrochemical micro-sensor (B). We have fabricated different types of electrochemical micro-sensors by using conventional photolithography, lift-off and soft lithography techniques, including open and close chambers as well as microfluidic circuits made of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). For the sake of simplicity, only sensor device with open PDMS chamber were used in this work with 0.24 mm 2 active area on working electrode. The glass substrates were cleaned in the piranha solution (H 2 SO 4 :H 2 O 2 = 3:1). Firstly, 8 nm titanium (Ti) adhesion layer and 30 nm gold (Au) layer were deposited on the clear glass substrates by an electron beam evaporator (Edward Auto 500). Then, a thin layer of AZ5214E photoresist was spin-coated at 3000 rpm for 30 s. After soft baking for 1 min 45 s at 125 °C on the hotplate, it was exposed to ultraviolet light (Hamamatsu Lighting Cure LC5) at exposure energy of 75 mJ/cm 2 for 6 s and developed in AZ726MIF developer. Afterward, the open area of Ti/Au film was removed by wet etching of Au in a KI/I 2 solution (KI:I 2 :H 2 O = 115 g:65 g:100 ml) and reactive ion etch of Ti in a plasma chamber (Nextral N100) of SF 6 (30 mTorr, 10.0 sccm and 50 W). To reduce the interfering signals between oxygen species in particular, a self-assembled monolayer of ME was formed on the fabricated working electrode by liquid phase deposition in a ME aqueous solution (20 mM) over night at room temperature. Then, the ME modified electrodes were rinsed with DI water and dried with nitrogen stream. A 5 μl mixture of 15 mg/ml GOx, 15 mg/ml BSA and 0.1 M PBS (pH 5.6) was finally dropped onto the surface of working electrode. After evaporation, a yellow film appeared on the surface of the electrode. For GOx cross-linking, about 1 ml of 25 wt.% GA was dropped on a glass slide and the sample with electrodes was flipped 1 cm above the glass slide for evaporation. To ensure a saturated GA atmosphere, both glass slide and sample were placed in a sealed device. After 1 h exposed to GA, the electrodes were dried at room temperature for 15 min and then immersed into 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.3) for 30 min for the equilibration of system. Finally, the fabricated glucose micro-sensors were immersed into 0.1 M PBS solution and stored at 4 °C. PDMS chambers were prepared by mixing PDMS base polymer and cross-linker (methylhydrosiloxane dimethylsiloxane copolymers) at the ratio of 10:1 with a mixer (UNIX Cyclone MM-103S). After removing all bubbles, the mixture was poured onto the silicon wafer and cured thermally for 2 h at 80 °C. Then, the PDMS was peeled off and drilled with punch. 2.3 Cell culture and growth rate monitoring NIH 3T3 cells were cultured at 37 °C in 5% CO 2 incubator (Sanyo, Japan) with a culture medium of 88% DMEM (containing 4.5 g/l glucose), 10% FBS, 1% l -glutamine, 1% P/S, 0.01% fungizone until confluence. After dissociation in a 0.25% trypsin–EDTA solution and centrifugation, cells were resuspended at a density of 1 × 10 4 cells/cm 2 and seeded into 24-well plate with 1 ml culture medium in each well. The media were renewed everyday. Three wells were assayed every 24 h. Cell numbers were determined by the trypan blue using a hemacytometer. The photos of NIH 3T3 were imaged using microscope (Zeiss Axiovert 200) with CCD camera. Glucose solutions for micro-sensor calibrations and glucose concentrations in the culture media (diluted by 10 mM PBQ in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.3) with the same volume) were measured with the electrochemical micro-sensor in the presence of 5 mM PBQ as a mediator at room temperature. CVs were proceeded in the potential range of −0.4 V to 0.6 V (vs. Au pseudo-reference electrode) with scan rate of 0.1 V/s (CH Instrument 660C). 3 Results and discussion 3.1 Calibration of glucose micro-sensor It is well known that the working electrodes modified with self-assembled monolayer of appropriate molecules can be used to reduce both non-Faradaic background currents and interfering Faradaic currents [31,32] . In our case, the working electrodes were treated in ME solution for the reduction of the background current and the inhibition of the electrochemical reactivity of O 2 due to its potential barrier. Whereas PBQ is an effective mediator, its redox reaction is much less affected by the presence of the ME monolayers [33] . It allows shuttling charges back and forth for a more efficient electric communication between the immobilized GOx and the electrode. Fig. 2 shows the cyclic voltammograms acquired with (black line) and without (red line) the addition of 5 mM glucose. Clearly, the presence of glucose leads to a much increased oxidative current and a decreased reduction current. Such a difference can be understood by considering the fact that the electro-generated hydroquinone was consumed in the reaction that regenerates PBQ, i.e., (1) Glucose + GOx (FAD) → Gluconolactone + GOx (FADH 2 ) (2) GOx (FADH 2 ) + PBQ → GOx (FAD) + Hydroquinone + 2H + for the enzymatic reaction (FAD: Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide) and (3) Hydroquinone → PBQ + 2e − for the electrochemical reaction at working electrode, respectively. Therefore, the glucose detection of the present work is based on the electrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone generated by the GOx catalyzed oxidation of glucose at anodic potential. These reactions are schematically illustrated in Fig. 3 . Glucose is oxidized to gluconolactone. Simultaneously, PBQ, as the electronic mediator, receives electrons to become hydroquinone. The redox reaction is catalyzed by GOx. Ultimately, the current is detected by the Au electrode and hydroquinone changed to PBQ. Fig. 4 (A) displays a set of cyclic voltammograms for different glucose concentrations ranging from 0.3 mM to 60 mM. This wide concentration range could be adapted for the study of glucose consumption during the whole cell culture processes. The commonly used cell culture media include DMEM, roswell parkmemorial institute 1640 (RPMI 1640), DMEM/F12 and minimum essential medium (MEM). The concentration levels of glucose in these media are 25 mM, 11.1 mM, 17.5 mM and 5.56 mM, respectively. Obviously, the normal levels of glucose in culture media are well within our linear detection range. We then obtained a calibration curve, as shown in Fig. 4 (B), with a linear regression coefficient r = 0.9978. Accordingly, we deduced a detection sensitivity of 1.61 ± 0.10 μA mM −1 mm −2 ( n = 5) and a detection limit of about 80 μM. Table 1 shows the comparison of our results with the previous reports on electrochemical monitoring of glucose, including electrode material, mediator, immobilization method of enzyme, sensitivity, linear range and limit of detection [29,34–38] . Clearly, our method has the advantage of a wider linear range, a higher sensitivity and a lower detection limit, indicating a better suitability for the monitoring of glucose consumption in cell culture systems. We also studied the long-term stability of the fabricated micro-sensors by measuring the peak current of 1 mM glucose containing 5 mM PBQ everyday over 30 days, the sensor being stored in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.3) at 4 °C after each measurement. As shown in Fig. 5 , the monitoring current slightly decreased over time but the sensitivity of the sensor still remained about 94% of the initial value after 30 days, indicating this micro-sensor has high stability. Finally, we checked the suitability of our sensors for the glucose consumption monitoring by using diluted culture medium (containing 12.5 mM glucose and 5 mM PBQ). No significant difference could be observed in CV response curves comparing to the case of pure glucose solution (data not shown). Apparently, the presence of other cell factors in culture medium does not disturb the detection of glucose concentration. 3.2 Glucose consumption monitoring of NIH 3T3 cells The cultured NIH 3T3 cell samples were taken daily for both cell number counting and glucose consumption analyses. Fig. 6 (A) shows the attachment and the growth behaviors of NIH 3T3 cells between day 0 (1 h after cell seeding) and day 7. Clearly, after 1 h of cell seeding, most cells adhered but only a few of them began to spread. From day 1, the cell number increases quickly until its confluence stage on day 4. Subsequently, the cell growth slowed down with a little change in cell numbers. Fig. 6 (B) shows the growth curve of NIH 3T3 cells cultured in 24-well plate, demonstrating a perfect logistic population growth: exponential growth phase (days 1–4) and stagnating phase (days 4–7). The observed cell growth curve could then be fitted by using well-known logistic growth function in Bartlett form, i.e. (4) N = N ¯ 1 + e − r ( t − t 0 ) where N is the cell density, N ¯ is the saturation density and r is a rate parameter. When t = t 0 , N = N ¯ / 2 . The best fitting curve was obtained with the following parameters N ¯ = 0.54 , t 0 = 3.2 and r = 1.4. At the same time, the daily glucose consumption of NIH 3T3 cells in culture medium has been determined by measuring CV with our micro-sensor. The results obtained over 7 days are reported in Fig. 7 (A) , indicating the suitability of our sensors for the cell culture monitoring in terms of both detection range and detection sensitivity. Referring the calibration curve Fig. 4 (B), the daily glucose consumption could be deduced ( Fig. 7 (B)). At the beginning of the culture, the daily glucose consumption increased fast, indicating an exponential growth phase. Then, the increase of the daily glucose consumption was slowed when cell growth entering a stagnating phase. In Fig. 7 (B), a fitting curve was added by using the same logistic growth function in Bartlett form (Eq. (4) ) but different fitting parameters ( N ¯ ′ = 5.6 ,   t ′ 0 = 2.8   and   r ′ = 1.2 ,   N ¯ ′   being now the saturated glucose consumption ) . Obviously, the increase of the glucose consumption does not follow exactly the cell growth function, but roughly speaking they have a quite similar behavior with limited differences for the most important two parameters t 0 ( t ′ 0 )   and   r ( r ′ ) . However, the measurable time delay between the point at half of the maximum consumption ( t ′ 0 = 2.8 ) and half of the maximum cell density ( t 0 = 3.2) is meaningful which reflects a phase shift between the glucose consumption and the cell growth regimes. In general, the glucose consumption of a cell population increases with the increase of the cell number. But this does not mean that the consumption of individual cells of the population also increases. In fact, when the cell density becomes sufficiently high, the available habitat becomes small so that the increase of the population size will slow down and the cell uptaking rate will be reduced ( Fig. 8 ). When the cell population increase rapidly (till day 3), a large portion of glucose was consumed for cell proliferation. From day 4, the cell population came into stagnating phase so that the glucose was mainly consumed for cell survival. Accordingly, the glucose consumption per cell remains almost the same as shown by the dotted line ( c = 10.2). 4 Conclusions We fabricated a mediator-based glucose micro-sensor for electrochemical analyses of cell growth rate and metabolic activities. The device showed a linear response for the glucose concentrations in the range of 0.3–60 mM, a higher sensitivity and a lower detection limit comparing to the previously studies. It was then applied for the determination of daily glucose consumption of NIH 3T3 cells cultured in 24-well plate during 7 days. The results obtained in this way could be compared with cell population growth curve, showing a close and logical correlation between the cell growth and glucose consumption behaviors. Although the daily glucose consumption of cells showed a similar increase in cell numbers, the increase of glucose consumption should take place prior of cell number increase. Moreover, we deduced a linear decrease of the glucose consumption per cell during the active growing phase but a constant consumption when the culture entered into the stagnating phase. To conclude this work, we have significantly improved the performance of electrochemical micro-sensors which are suited for real-time monitoring of glucose consumption of cells as well as for the systematic study of metabolic activities of cells and bacteria under different stresses or perturbations. Finally, we would like mention that our method is fully compatible to the microfluidics based on-line monitoring which can be used for the glucose detection in cells, bacteria, blood and food. More systematic studies are underway including automatic sampling and data collection. Acknowledgements This work was supported by European Commission through project contract CP-FP 214566-2 (Nanoscales), and the French National Research Agency through project contract ANR-09-PIRI-0030-03 (PAGDEG), ANR-156-06-BLAN-0029-02 (mPhyChemBio) and ANR-06-PCVI-0006-03 157 (DynaCell 3D). F.Z. and L.W. are grateful to the Chinese Scholar Council for Ph.D. grants. The authors are also grateful to Prof. C. Amatore of Ecole Normale Supérieure (Paris), and Prof. Z.Q. Tian of Xiamen University (China) for useful discussions and supports. The content of this work is the sole responsibility of the authors. References [1] S.-R. Lee Y.-T. Lee K. Sawada H. Takao M. 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Lee Dual electrochemical microsensor for simultaneous measurements of nitric oxide and oxygen: Fabrication and characterization Electrochem. Commun. 11 2009 2040 2043 [23] S.Y. Ly J.K. Kim Simultaneous real-time assay of copper and cadmium ions by infrared photo diode electrode implanted in the muscle of live fish J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 23 2009 256 262 [24] A. Morales-Villagran L. Medina-Ceja S.J. Lopez-Perez Simultaneous glutamate and EEG activity measurements during seizures in rat hippocampal region with the use of an electrochemical biosensor J. Neurosci. Methods 168 2008 48 53 [25] Y. Lee J. Kim Simultaneous electrochemical detection of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide generated from mouse kidney organ tissues Anal. Chem. 79 2007 7669 7675 [26] F. Ricci A. Amine C.S. Tuta A.A. Ciucu F. Lucarelli G. Palleschi D. 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Olsen Self-assembled monolayers and enzyme electrodes: progress, problems and prospects Anal Chim. Acta 307 1995 277 289 [32] A.S.N. Murthy J. Sharma Glucose oxidase bound to self-assembled monolayers of bis(4-pyridyl) disulfide at a gold electrode: amperometric determination of glucose Anal. Chim. Acta 363 1998 215 220 [33] R.K. Shervedani A. Hatefi-Mehrjardi Comparative electrochemical behavior of glucose oxidase covalently immobilized on mono-, di- and tetra-carboxylic acid functional Au-thiol SAMs via anhydride-derivatization route Sens. Actuators B 137 2009 195 204 [34] P.C. Nien M.C. Huang F.Y. Chang K.C. Ho Integrating an enzyme-entrapped conducting polymer electrode and a prereactor in a microfluidic system for sensing glucose Electroanalysis 20 2008 635 642 [35] I. Moser G. Jobst G.A. Urban Biosensor arrays for simultaneous measurement of glucose, lactate, glutamate, and glutamine Biosens. Bioelectron. 17 2002 297 302 [36] S. Gaspar X.W. Wang H. Suzuki E. Csoregi Amperometric biosensor-based flow-through microdetector for microdialysis applications Anal. Chim. Acta 525 2004 75 82 [37] W. Dungchai O. Chailapakul C.S. Henry Electrochemical detection for paper-based microfluidics Anal. Chem. 81 2009 5821 5826 [38] N.P. Rodrigues Y. Sakai T. Fujii Cell-based microfluidic biochip for the electrochemical real-time monitoring of glucose and oxygen Sens. Actuators B 132 2008 608 613 Fan Zhang received her BSc in applied chemistry at the Department of Chemistry in East China Normal University (Shanghai, China) in 2005 and her MSc in analytical chemistry at the Department of Chemistry in East China Normal University (Shanghai, China) in 2008. Currently, she is preparing her Ph.D. in Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris (Paris, France). Her research interests include the study of cell behaviors on micro and nano structures and cell electric properties. Jinghua Tian received his BSc and Ph.D. at Department of Chemistry in Xiamen University (Xiamen, China) in 2003 and 2009, respectively. Since 2009–2010 he has been working as research associate in Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris (Paris, France). Now he is working at Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETHZ (Zürich, Switzerland) as research associate. His research interests include molecular electronics, nanomaterials and nanostructures fabrication and application and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Li Wang received her BSc from Wuhan University (Wuhan, China) in 2005. Currently, she is preparing her Ph.D. in Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris (Paris, France) and Wuhan University (Wuhan, China). Her research interests are in microstructure and microdevice based cell assays. Pingang He is Director of Department of Chemistry in East China Normal University (Shanghai, China), Director of Analysis and Testing Committee in the Chinese Society for Metals and Director of Analytical Chemistry Committee in Shanghai Society of Chemistry and Chemical Industry. He received his Ph.D. from Fudan University (China) in 1996. Since 1998 he has been working as professor in East China Normal University (Shanghai, China). His research interests include biosensors, preparation and application of nano-materials, electrochemistry/in situ electrochemistry of scanning probe, capillary electrophoresis/electrochemical detection, novel electrochemical analytical instruments. Yong Chen is Director of Research at the Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, France). He received his Ph.D. from the University of Montpellier (France) in 1986. Next, he spent three years as research associate in Scuola Normale Superiorie di Pisa (Italy) and Peking University (China). Then, he joined CNRS in 1990. In 2003, he has been appointed as professor at the Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris (France). Since 2008, he became again a CNRS researcher and principal investigator at the Institute of Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) of Kyoto University (Japan).",
        "keywords": [
            "cell growth rate",
            "electrochemistry",
            "glucose consumption",
            "micro-sensors",
            "cell biology",
            "exponential growth",
            "population growth",
            "cell growth",
            "detection limit",
            "enzyme",
            "population density"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinghua Tian",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue de Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640, 24 rue de Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pingang He",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sensors & Actuators: B. Chemical",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "xPVu26YU": {
        "id": "xPVu26YU",
        "title": "Studies on Hydrogen Embrittlement of Ti-2Al-2.5Zr Alloy",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "hydride",
            "hydrogen embrittlement",
            "hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility index",
            "ti-2al-2.5zr alloy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Zhang Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Qi Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials Science Forum",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "YcRokSTO": {
        "id": "YcRokSTO",
        "title": "Small fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag for tunable protein imaging in vivo",
        "abstract": "This paper presents Yellow Fluorescence-Activating and absorption-Shifting Tag (Y-FAST), a small monomeric protein tag, half as large as the green fluorescent protein, enabling fluorescent labeling of proteins in a reversible and specific manner through the reversible binding and activation of a cell-permeant and nontoxic fluorogenic ligand (a so-called fluorogen). A unique fluorogen activation mechanism based on two spectroscopic changes, increase of fluorescence quantum yield and absorption red shift, provides high labeling selectivity. Y-FAST was engineered from the 14-kDa photoactive yellow protein by directed evolution using yeast display and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Y-FAST is as bright as common fluorescent proteins, exhibits good photostability, and allows the efficient labeling of proteins in various organelles and hosts. Upon fluorogen binding, fluorescence appears instantaneously, allowing monitoring of rapid processes in near real time. Y-FAST distinguishes itself from other tagging systems because the fluorogen binding is highly dynamic and fully reversible, which enables rapid labeling and unlabeling of proteins by addition and withdrawal of the fluorogen, opening new exciting prospects for the development of multiplexing imaging protocols based on sequential labeling.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Marie-Aude Plamont",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emmanuelle Billon-Denis",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sylvie Maurin",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Carole Gauron",
                "org": "Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex MemoLife, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University/Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Frederico M. Pimenta",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Christian G. Specht",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Shi",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jérôme Quérard",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Buyan Pan",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Julien Rossignol",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nelly Morellet",
                "org": "Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Michel Volovitch",
                "org": "Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex MemoLife, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University/Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France;;École Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ewen Lescop",
                "org": "Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Antoine Triller",
                "org": "École Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197, INSERM U1024, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sophie Vriz",
                "org": "Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex MemoLife, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University/Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France;;Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France"
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas Le Saux",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ludovic Jullien",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Arnaud Gautier",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, F-75005 Paris, France;;Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;;CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR, F-75005 Paris, France;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ml4kAQST": {
        "id": "ml4kAQST",
        "title": "Small fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag for tunable protein imaging in vivo",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "marieaude plamont",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e billondenis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sylvie maurin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "carole gauron",
                "org": "centre national de la recherche scientifique"
            },
            {
                "name": "frederico m pimenta",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "christian g specht",
                "org": "ecole normale superieure"
            },
            {
                "name": "jian shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jerome querard",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "buyan pan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "julien rossignol",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nelly morellet",
                "org": "centre national de la recherche scientifique"
            },
            {
                "name": "michel volovitch",
                "org": "centre national de la recherche scientifique"
            },
            {
                "name": "ewen lescop",
                "org": "centre national de la recherche scientifique"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "antoine triller",
                "org": "ecole normale superieure"
            },
            {
                "name": "sophie vriz",
                "org": "centre national de la recherche scientifique"
            },
            {
                "name": "thomas le saux",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ludovic jullien",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "arnaud gautier",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "PsEKGPfP": {
        "id": "PsEKGPfP",
        "title": "Titelbild: Photomanipulation of a Droplet by the Chromocapillary Effect (Angew. Chem. 49/2009)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Antoine Diguet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Reine-Marie Guillermic",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nobuyuki Magome",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Arnaud Saint-Jalmes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenichi Yoshikawa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "gGJphK5Y": {
        "id": "gGJphK5Y",
        "title": "Photo-manipulation of a liquid droplet by chromocapillary effect",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "visible light",
            "aqueous solution",
            "interfacial tension"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "arnaud saintjalmes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "antoine diguet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "reinemarie guillermic",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nobuyuki magome",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kenishi yoshikawa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "damien baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ZpD1T1nw": {
        "id": "ZpD1T1nw",
        "title": "Cover Picture: Photomanipulation of a Droplet by the Chromocapillary Effect (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49/2009)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "photochemistry",
            "surface tension",
            "interfaces",
            "isomerization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Antoine Diguet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Reine-Marie Guillermic",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nobuyuki Magome",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Arnaud Saint-Jalmes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenichi Yoshikawa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie-international Edition",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "wCavDNHE": {
        "id": "wCavDNHE",
        "title": "Photomanipulation of a droplet by the chromocapillary effect.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "interfaces",
            "surface tension",
            "isomerization",
            "photochemistry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Antoine Diguet",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Reine-Marie Guillermic",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nobuyuki Magome",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Arnaud Saint-Jalmes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenichi Yoshikawa",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Baigl",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "CaM6TyHd": {
        "id": "CaM6TyHd",
        "title": "Inlay of ultrafine Ru nanoparticles into a self-supported Ni(OH)2 nanoarray for hydrogen evolution with low overpotential and enhanced kinetics",
        "abstract": "Electrocatalytic water splitting plays a vital role in the hydrogen fuel industry, but suffers from the lack of efficient non-platinum (Pt) hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. Metallic Ru has proven to be one of the promising candidates for the HER. However, the syntheses of Ru nanoparticles in previous reports require harsh reaction conditions such as high temperature or very strong external reductants. Herein, we report an extremely simple and mild method to prepare ultra-small Ru nanoparticles in situ inlaid into a Ni(OH)2 nanoarray grown on Ni foam (Ru/Ni(OH)2/NF) through the “spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction” strategy. In 1.0 M KOH, this self-supported material displays a high HER activity with an overpotential as low as 25 mV to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm−2, as well as a low Tafel slope of 47 mV dec−1. When assembled in a device for overall water splitting, it achieves a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at 1.50 V and shows outstanding long-term stability even at 50 mA cm−2. The present work provides a facile and green strategy to prepare non-Pt HER electrocatalysts and it can be applied to the development of new photo-and electrocatalysts.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Li",
                "org": "Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Chemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "uOJZ6TMk": {
        "id": "uOJZ6TMk",
        "title": "Heteroporous MoS 2 /Ni 3 S 2 towards superior electrocatalytic overall urea splitting.",
        "abstract": "The heteroporous MoS2/Ni3S2 catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity for the overall urea splitting with only a cell voltage of 1.45 V at 20 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH with 0.33 M urea. This value is the best of all the bifunctional urea splitting electrocatalysts, including Pt, reported to date.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fang Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. xjlv@mail.ipc.ac.cn fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junxiang Chen",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. wen@fjirsm.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dafeng Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. xjlv@mail.ipc.ac.cn fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn and Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. xjlv@mail.ipc.ac.cn fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. xjlv@mail.ipc.ac.cn fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhai Wen",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China. wen@fjirsm.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Jun Lv",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. xjlv@mail.ipc.ac.cn fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "gdr3hFx5": {
        "id": "gdr3hFx5",
        "title": "Interstitial P-Doped CdS with Long-Lived Photogenerated Electrons for Photocatalytic Water Splitting without Sacrificial Agents.",
        "abstract": "Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from pure water is successfully realized by using interstitial P-doped CdS with rich S vacancies (CdS-P) as the photocatalyst in the absence of any electron sacrificial agents. Through interstitial P doping, the impurity level of S vacancies is located near the Fermi level and becomes an effective electron trap level in CdS-P, which can change dynamic properties of photogenerated electrons and thus prolong their lifetimes. The long-lived photogenerated electrons are able to reach the surface active sites to initiate an efficient photocatalytic redox reaction. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of CdS-P can be further improved through the loading of CoP as a cocatalyst.",
        "keywords": [
            "P-doped CdS",
            "photocatalysis",
            "sacrificial-agents-free catalysts",
            "water splitting"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Rui Shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui-Fang Ye",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Liang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuan Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry & Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuxiang Weng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheshuai Lin",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Ming Che",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry & Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "fJTWw1Uo": {
        "id": "fJTWw1Uo",
        "title": "Rapid synthesis of ultralong Fe(OH)3:Cu(OH)2 core–shell nanowires self-supported on copper foam as a highly efficient 3D electrode for water oxidation",
        "abstract": "One-dimensional core–shell nanowire materials have recently received great attention as durable catalysts for water splitting. Herein we report the facile and rapid synthesis of ultralong Fe(OH)3:Cu(OH)2 core–shell nanowires grown in situ on an open 3D electrode to function as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for water oxidation. It only requires an overpotential of ∼365 mV to reach a 10 mA cm−2 current density in 1.0 M KOH. As far as we know, this shows the best result amongst Cu-based heterogeneous OER systems reported to date.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Jun Lv",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Communications",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "puEd5nHS": {
        "id": "puEd5nHS",
        "title": "Ternary Ni–Co–P nanoparticles as noble-metal-free catalysts to boost the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane",
        "abstract": "The development of high-efficiency and low-cost catalysts for hydrogen release from chemical hydrogen-storage materials is essential for the hydrogen-economy paradigm. Herein, we report a facile and controllable method to fabricate a series of Co-doped nickel phosphides and their corresponding nanohybrids with graphene oxide (GO) as highly efficient, robust and noble-metal-free catalysts for ammonia borane hydrolysis. The incorporation of Co into Ni2P effectively optimizes the electronic structures of Ni2−xCoxP catalysts to enhance their interaction with AB and simultaneously facilitate the hydroxyl activation of AB, resulting in the reduction of the reaction energy barrier and thus substantial improvement of the catalytic rate.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Li",
                "org": "Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans, 16,Tarragona,Spain"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Yun Peng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui-Fang Ye",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Ming Che",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road,,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Núria López",
                "org": "Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQ. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans, 16,Tarragona,Spain"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and Environmental Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "X6L1yaCN": {
        "id": "X6L1yaCN",
        "title": "Highly efficient hydrolysis of ammonia borane by anion ( - OH, F - , Cl - )-tuned interactions between reactant molecules and CoP nanoparticles.",
        "abstract": "The CoP nanoparticle catalyst had excellent catalytic activity and a short catalytic induction period in the presence of anions, and high sustainability in ammonia borane hydrolysis, with an initial turnover frequency of 72.2 mol mol min at ambient temperature. This value is unprecedented for noble-metal-free catalytic systems.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zi-Cheng Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Xu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sharon Lai-Fung Chan",
                "org": "Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Wei Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Liang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhe-Shuai Lin",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn and College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Ming Che",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "c74VuxyV": {
        "id": "c74VuxyV",
        "title": "Ir 4+ -Doped NiFe LDH to expedite hydrogen evolution kinetics as a Pt-like electrocatalyst for water splitting.",
        "abstract": "NiFe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) is a state-of-the-art oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst, yet it suffers from rather poor catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to its extremely sluggish water dissociation kinetics, severely restricting its application in overall water splitting. Herein, we report a novel strategy to expedite the HER kinetics of NiFe LDH by an Ir4+-doping strategy to accelerate the water dissociation process (Volmer step), and thus this catalyst exhibits superior and robust catalytic activity for finally oriented overall water splitting in 1 M KOH requiring only a low initial voltage of 1.41 V delivering at 20 mA cm-2 for more than 50 h.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, People's Republic of China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "5Aw2jX5V": {
        "id": "5Aw2jX5V",
        "title": "Robust Hydrogenation of Nitrile and Nitro Groups to Primary Amines Using Ni2P as a Catalyst and Ammonia Borane under Ambient Conditions",
        "abstract": "The selective hydrogenation of nitrile groups to primary amines is challenging owing to their high ability to produce secondary and tertiary amines. Herein, we report an efficient system for the hydrogenation of nitrile and nitro groups to primary amines catalyzed by Ni2P nanoparticles in an aqueous H3NBH3 solution under ambient conditions. The system exhibits high catalytic selectivity toward generating primary amines, resulting in good isolated yields. A combination of experiments and theoretical calculations shows that composite interactions among species on the catalyst surface alter the catalytic pathway.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yun‐Feng Zen",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Cheng Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Liang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Xu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan‐Dan Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Yang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Gan",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheshuai Lin",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and; HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092 P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092 P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ffVyNrqj": {
        "id": "ffVyNrqj",
        "title": "Metal Phosphides as Co-Catalysts for Photocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting",
        "abstract": "Solar-to-hydrogen conversion based on photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic water splitting is considered as a promising technology for sustainable hydrogen production. Developing earth-abundant H2-production materials with robust activity and stability has become the mainstream in this field. Due to the unique properties and characteristics, transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have been proven to be high performance co-catalysts to replace some of the classic precious metal materials in photocatalytic water splitting. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent significant progress of TMPs as cocatalysts for water splitting reaction with high activity and stability. Firstly, the characteristic of TMPs is briefly introduced. Then, we mainly discuss the recent research efforts toward their application as photocatalytic co-catalysts in photocatalytic H2-production, O2-evolution and photoelectrochemical water splitting. Finally, the catalytic mechanism, current existing challenges and future working directions for improving the performance of TMPs are proposed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemsuschem",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "V6iJxk8T": {
        "id": "V6iJxk8T",
        "title": "Ir4+-Doped NiFe LDH to expedite hydrogen evolution kinetics as a Pt-like electrocatalyst for water splitting",
        "abstract": "NiFe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) is a state-of-the-art oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst, yet it suffers from rather poor catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to its extremely sluggish water dissociation kinetics, severely restricting its application in overall water splitting. Herein, we report a novel strategy to expedite the HER kinetics of NiFe LDH by an Ir4+-doping strategy to accelerate the water dissociation process (Volmer step), and thus this catalyst exhibits superior and robust catalytic activity for finally oriented overall water splitting in 1 M KOH requiring only a low initial voltage of 1.41 V delivering at 20 mA cm−2 for more than 50 h.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Communications",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "jZMUNrA4": {
        "id": "jZMUNrA4",
        "title": "Tailoring Three-Dimensional Porous Cobalt Phosphide Templated from Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks as Precious-Metal-Free Catalysts towards Dehydrogenation of Ammonia-Borane",
        "abstract": "The development of an effective and safe hydrogen evolution catalytic system depends on the advent of a well-established hydrogen-economy paradigm in the future. Catalytic hydrogen generation from promising hydrogen storage materials, such as ammonia-borane (AB), has drawn extensive attention in recent years. However, the wide use of noble metal catalysts in the catalytic hydrogen generation from AB is one of the formidable challenges in the practical application of this strategy on a large scale. Herein, using a bimetallic metal–organic framework (MOF) template strategy, we successfully engineered three-dimensional (3D) porous cobalt phosphide carbon-based nanoframeworks (CoP@CNFs) as precious metal-free and efficient catalysts. Zn present in the MOF precursor plays the dual crucial role of separating the Co ions and maintaining the framework during pyrolysis. As a result, the porous CoP@CNF exhibits large specific surface area, a hierarchical porous structure, well-exposed active sites and hydrophilic channels, yielding the extraordinary initial total turnover frequency (TOF) of 165.5 mol(H2) mol(Co)−1 min−1 for hydrogen generation from AB.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Li",
                "org": "College of Materials Science and Engineering"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuanjun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Yun Peng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            },
            {
                "name": "rui shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Chemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "22OCIKfv": {
        "id": "22OCIKfv",
        "title": "Substrate participation ultrafast synthesis of amorphous NiFe nanosheets on iron foam at room temperature toward highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The earth-abundant transition metal based nanomaterials are regarded as state-of-the-art oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst. Recent studies have shown that amorphous materials are more active than their crystalline forms. Herein, we demonstrate afacile and rapid substrate participation method to fabricate amorphous NiFe nanosheets on iron foam (a-NiFe NS/IF) at ambient temperature as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for OER. This method only takes 200 s to fabricate the a-NiFe NS/IF and the electrocatalystpossesses excellentcatalytic activities which only needs overpotentials of about 211 and 240 mV to reach 10 and 100 mA cm −2  current densities in 1.0 M KOH.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiao Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Energy Chemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "dUvX124l": {
        "id": "dUvX124l",
        "title": "Front Cover: Metal Phosphides as Co‐Catalysts for Photocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting (ChemSusChem 22/2017)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemsuschem",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "F2GfA4RU": {
        "id": "F2GfA4RU",
        "title": "Cu(OH)2 supported on Fe(OH)3 as a synergistic and highly efficient system for the dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Herein, we first describe the physical mixture of Cu(OH) 2 /Fe(OH) 3  as a composite catalyst precursor for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) in methanol. During the initial period of catalytic reaction, Cu nanoparticles were formed in-situ. The catalytic activity of Cu nanoparticles can be significantly enhanced with the assistance of Fe species and OH − . A maximum turnover frequency (TOF) of 50.3 mol H 2   mol total metal  −1  min −1  (135.6 mol H 2   mol Cu  −1  min −1 ) was achieved at ambient temperature, which is superior to those of previously reported Fe or Cu based systems.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Yun Peng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Jun Lv",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhong",
                "org": "Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Ming Che",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Science Bulletin",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "uhTETrQA": {
        "id": "uhTETrQA",
        "title": "Counteranion and Solvent Mediated Chirality Transfer in the Supramolecular Polymerization of Luminescent Platinum(II) Complexes.",
        "abstract": "The chirality of supramolecular polymeric materials is subtly affected by a delicate balance among various non-covalent interactions, the details of which are inadequately understood. Herein, we describe the use of a fine balance of intermolecular interactions, including closed-shell metal-metal, dispersive and electrostatic interactions, to direct the delicate orientation of monomeric building blocks, thereby achieving the successful preparation of different nanostructures with distinct supramolecular chirality. Moreover, kinetically trapped and thermodynamically stable aggregates were monitored over time in the supramolecular polymerization of cationic PtII complexes. The dynamic self-assembly process can be successfully controlled by modifying the counteranion and solvent composition. We also demonstrated that a chiral doping approach can be used to induce the chirality of an achiral PtII complex at the supramolecular level.",
        "keywords": [
            "chirality transfer",
            "intermolecular interaction",
            "kinetically controlled supramolecular polymerization",
            "pathway complexity",
            "pincer Pt(II) complex"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qingyun Wan",
                "org": "The University of Hong Kong, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin-Shan Xiao",
                "org": "The University of Hong Kong, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wai-Pong To",
                "org": "The University of Hong Kong, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Lu",
                "org": "Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kam-Hung Low",
                "org": "The University of Hong Kong, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Ming Che",
                "org": "The University of Hong Kong, Department of Chemistry, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, HONG KONG."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "BLoviyOP": {
        "id": "BLoviyOP",
        "title": "Photocatalytic oxidation of arylalcohols to aromatic aldehydes promoted by hydroxyl radicals over a CoP/CdS photocatalyst in water with hydrogen evolution",
        "abstract": "Cobalt phosphide (CoP) combined with CdS was employed as a photocatalyst to oxidize arylalcohols into aromatic aldehydes or ketones in water. This was accompanied by the reduction of water, and the quantitative yield of hydrogen evolution was much higher than the chemical equivalent of hydrogen gas. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy and quenching experiments demonstrated that hydroxyl free radicals, originating from water splitting, promoted the oxidation of arylalcohols, while the holes in the valence band of the photocatalyst were reduced by the −OH and organic substrates. The overall reaction generates high-value-added organics. This photocatalytic reaction is atom-economical, in accordance with the concept of sustainable development.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Xu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling-Zhen Zeng",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650092,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Cheng Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cong Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650092,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Yang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650092,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Catalysis Science & Technology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "4Qjj5olS": {
        "id": "4Qjj5olS",
        "title": "Single-Atom Catalysts for Photocatalytic Reactions",
        "abstract": "Hydrogen and other renewable resources derived by sunlight have attracted great attention to sustainable development. But the photochemical performance of diverse systems is restricted because of the poor efficiency of photon absorption, easy recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, and slow transfer of charge carriers. Single-atom catalysts (SACs), in which isolated atoms are supported on the supports without forming nanoparticles, have received increasing interests in photocatalysis due to the high catalytic activity, selectivity, stability, and 100% atom utilization. In this review, we highlight and introduce recent advances in the preparation method of SACs and concrete examples of single-atom photocatalysts used for the hydrogen evolution from water, overall water splitting, CO2 and N2 reduction reaction. At last, we discuss the underlying mechanisms for photocatalytic performance of single-atom catalysts and the prospects for the development of SACs.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qiushi Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory#R#of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU#R#Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics#R#and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dafeng Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory#R#of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU#R#Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics#R#and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory#R#of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU#R#Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics#R#and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory#R#of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU#R#Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics#R#and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Jun Lv",
                "org": "Key Laboratory#R#of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & CAS-HKU#R#Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics#R#and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "bjI8hbWL": {
        "id": "bjI8hbWL",
        "title": "Enhancing Electrostatic Interactions to Activate Polar Molecules: Ammonia Borane Methanolysis on Cu/Co(OH)2 Nanohybrid",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuanjun Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Yun Peng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nuria Lopez",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Catalysis Science & Technology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "eucHXeDI": {
        "id": "eucHXeDI",
        "title": "Self-Assembly of Ni–Fe Layered Double Hydroxide on Fe Foam as 3D Integrated Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution: Dependence of the Catalytic Performance on Anions under in Situ Condition",
        "abstract": "Herein, we demonstrate a very facile self-assembly method to fabricate a Ni–Fe layered double hydroxide (LDH) 3D integrated film at ambient temperature without energy input as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). By this method, we can readily regulate the Ni–Fe proportion and change the embedded guest anions into the LDH under our in situ synthetic condition by just using different nickel salts to prepare Ni–Fe LDH. It is found that the Ni–Fe ratio and the embedded guest anions can dramatically influence the corresponding OER catalytic performance. An excellent OER activity that delivering overpotentials of about 210 and 240 mV to reach 10 and 100 mA cm–2 current densities in 1.0 M KOH was achieved.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiao Yang",
                "org": "Key#R#Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials#R#& HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key#R#Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials#R#& HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key#R#Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials#R#& HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key#R#Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials#R#& HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key#R#Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials#R#& HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key#R#Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials#R#& HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "NiICYuvO": {
        "id": "NiICYuvO",
        "title": "A highly efficient photocatalytic H 2 evolution system using colloidal CdS nanorods and nickel nanoparticles in water under visible light irradiation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "hydrogen production",
            "visible light"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shuang cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chuanjun wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Catalysis B-environmental",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "AiTy78mI": {
        "id": "AiTy78mI",
        "title": "Tunable Multicolor Phosphorescence of Crystalline Polymeric Complex Salts with Metallophilic Backbones.",
        "abstract": "A total of 35 [Au(NHC)2][MX2] (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene; M = Au or Cu; X = halide, cyanide or arylacetylide) complex salts were synthesized by co-precipitation of [Au(NHC)2]+ cations and [MX2]- anions. These salts contain crystallographically determined polymeric Au∙∙∙Au or Au∙∙∙Cu interactions and are highly phosphorescent with quantum yields up to unity and emission color tunable in the entire visible regions. The nature of the emissive excited states is generally assigned to ligand (anion)-to-ligand (cation) charge-transfer transitions assisted by d10∙∙∙d10 metallophilicity. The emission properties can be further tuned by controlled triple-component co-crystallization or by epitaxial growth. Correct recipes for white light-emitting phosphors with quantum yields higher than 70% have been achieved by screening the combinatorial pool.",
        "keywords": [
            "N-heterocyclic carbenes",
            "gold",
            "metallophilicity",
            "phosphorescence",
            "white light-emitting"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Liu",
                "org": "South University of Science and Technology of China, Chemistry, 1088 Xueyuan Boulevard, Nanshan District, 518055, Shenzhen, CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mo Xie",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyong Chang",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Zou",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi-Ming Che",
                "org": "CHINA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "HONG KONG."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Lu",
                "org": "CHINA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mHSKPxgn": {
        "id": "mHSKPxgn",
        "title": "Self-Supported Cedarlike Semimetallic Cu3P Nanoarrays as a 3D High-Performance Janus Electrode for Both Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution under Basic Conditions.",
        "abstract": "There has been strong and growing interest in the development of cost-effective and highly active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for alternative fuels utilization and conversion devices. We report herein that semimetallic Cu3P nanoarrays directly grown on 3D copper foam (CF) substrate can function as effective electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Specifically, the surface oxidation-activated Cu3P only required a relatively low overpotential of 412 mV to achieve a current density of 50 mA cm(-2) and displayed a small Tafel slope of 63 mV dec(-1) in 0.1 M KOH solution, on account of the collaborative effect of large roughness factor (RF) and semimetallic character. Following that, investigations into the mechanism revealed the formation of a unique active phase during the water oxidation process in which conductive Cu3P was the core covered with a thin copper oxide/hydroxide layer. Moreover, this Cu3P 3D electrode was also applied to the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and showed good catalytic performance and stability under the same basic conditions. ",
        "keywords": [
            "copper phosphide",
            "electrocatalysis",
            "hydrogen evolution",
            "oxygen evolution",
            "water splitting"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheshuai Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University , Kunming 650092, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "IOzjR1lO": {
        "id": "IOzjR1lO",
        "title": "Cover Feature: Robust Hydrogenation of Nitrile and Nitro Groups to Primary Amines Using Ni2 P as a Catalyst and Ammonia Borane under Ambient Conditions (Asian J. Org. Chem. 11/2017)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yun‐Feng Zen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Cheng Fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan‐Dan Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Gan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheshuai Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "dNuM8sqU": {
        "id": "dNuM8sqU",
        "title": "WO 3 nanospheres with improved catalytic activity for visible light induced cross dehydrogenative coupling reactions",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Three tungsten oxides (WO 3 -W1 to WO 3 -W3) with different morphologies were prepared and characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and HR-TEM measurements. The as-synthesized tungsten oxides were screened as photocatalysts for visible-light-driven cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reactions along with commercially available WO 3 -W4. Preliminary studies showed that WO 3 -W1 with hollow sphere morphology efficiently photocatalyzed oxidative C H functionalization as compared to other tested samples, by using molecular oxygen as a benign oxidant. The superior photocatalytic performance of WO 3 -W1 can be attributed to its larger surface area and pore structure which was supported by nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements. Further, this protocol was used to synthesize α-functionalized tertiary amines in good to excellent yields by irradiating a mixture of WO 3 -W1, tertiary amine, and nucleophiles (nitromethane or ketones) to visible light under aerobic conditions. Moreover, WO 3 -W1 can be recycled and reused with no obvious change in catalytic activity, indicating that this is an environmentally friendly and economical protocol and also underlines the robustness of the catalysts in light mediated cross dehydrogenative coupling reactions. It is hoped that our results could offer useful information for designing of new heterogeneous semiconductors for photoredox catalytic organic reactions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shujing Li",
                "org": "Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Deepak Prakash Shelar",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pan Deng",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "8K4exa2Q": {
        "id": "8K4exa2Q",
        "title": "P-doped ZnxCd1-xS solid solutions as photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution from water splitting coupled with photocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Photocatalytic water splitting over semiconductors without using of any electron sacrificial agents is essential to the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy. Herein, we report remarkable photocatalytic hydrogen production from pure water without the assistance of electron sacrificial agents by using P-doped Zn x Cd 1−x S with rich S vacancies (Zn x Cd 1−x S-P) as the photocatalyst. It is found that interstitial P doping in Zn x Cd 1−x S solid solutions with rich S vacancies can prolong the lifetime of charge carriers and enhance the generation and separation of photogenerated electrons-holes, resulting in a H 2  evolution rate of up to 419 μmol h −1  g −1 , which is 72 and 7.5 times higher than those of ZnS-P (5.8 μmol h −1  g −1 ) and CdS-P (56 μmol h −1  g −1 ), respectively. Furthermore, the introduction of biomass-derived compound 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into this system further promotes the photocatalytic hydorgen evolution reaction and simultaneously obtains value-added HMF oxidation products.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui-Fang Ye",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials & HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Catalysis B-environmental",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "weGV0ek0": {
        "id": "weGV0ek0",
        "title": "Rapid synthesis of ultralong Fe(OH) 3 :Cu(OH) 2 core-shell nanowires self-supported on copper foam as a highly efficient 3D electrode for water oxidation.",
        "abstract": "One-dimensional core-shell nanowire materials have recently received great attention as durable catalysts for water splitting. Herein we report the facile and rapid synthesis of ultralong Fe(OH):Cu(OH) core-shell nanowires grown in situ on an open 3D electrode to function as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for water oxidation. It only requires an overpotential of ∼365 mV to reach a 10 mA cm current density in 1.0 M KOH. As far as we know, this shows the best result amongst Cu-based heterogeneous OER systems reported to date.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chun-Chao Hou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jun Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian-Qian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Jun Lv",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. chenyong@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "oFHzOBgF": {
        "id": "oFHzOBgF",
        "title": "Synthesis of NiGa2O4 Octahedron Nanocrystal with Exposed {111} Facets and Enhanced Efficiency of Photocatalytic Water Splitting",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "water splitting"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shixiong zhou",
                "org": "uc berkeley college of chemistry"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "chen zhang",
                "org": "uc berkeley college of chemistry"
            },
            {
                "name": "xing huang",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "lei kang",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "zheshuai lin",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "uc berkeley college of chemistry"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ChemPlusChem",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "qQAZeWtC": {
        "id": "qQAZeWtC",
        "title": "Improved Photocurrents for Water Oxidation by Using Metal–Organic Framework Derived Hybrid Porous Co3O4@Carbon/BiVO4 as a Photoanode",
        "abstract": "Efforts to improve the overall efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting by promoting interfacial charge transfer and suppressing electron-hole recombination remain a challenge. Highly porous Co O @carbon derived from metal-organic frameworks was successfully embedded on the surface of BiVO nanosheets. The Co O @carbon/BiVO composites were fully characterised by a variety of techniques, including powder XRD, diffuse reflectance UV/Vis spectroscopy, BET surface area calculations, SEM, TEM, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The construction of a heterojunction between porous Co O (p-Co O ) and BiVO significantly promoted charge transfer and suppressed the recombination of holes and electrons. Consequently, the p-Co O @carbon/BiVO photoanode demonstrated approximately tenfold higher photocurrent density relative to bare BiVO and bulk Co O /BiVO for water oxidation under the same conditions. Also, this system displayed good durability for water oxidation and could be recycled at least three times without any loss of catalytic activity.",
        "keywords": [
            "cobalt",
            "metal organic frameworks",
            "photochemistry",
            "electrochemistry",
            "bismuth"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chunchao hou",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "tingting li",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "uc berkeley college of chemistry"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ChemPlusChem",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "cNGy5j30": {
        "id": "cNGy5j30",
        "title": "A BODIPY-based fluorescent chemosensor for Cu 2+ and biological thiols, and its application as a Cu 2+ probe in live cell imaging",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fluorescence quenching"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chunchao zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongyan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bingjiang zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "rNbVqFGb": {
        "id": "rNbVqFGb",
        "title": "Electrochemical Water Oxidation by In Situ -Generated Copper Oxide Film from [Cu(TEOA)(H 2 O) 2 ][SO 4 ] Complex",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chao yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shuang cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tingting li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inorganic Chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "SQ4cfTbl": {
        "id": "SQ4cfTbl",
        "title": "Large Stokes Shift Induced by Intramolcular Charge Transfer in N,O-Chelated Naphthyridine–BF 2 Complexes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yunying wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gaozhang gou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "weihua mu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "meiling du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Organic Letters",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "ybkQw6JY": {
        "id": "ybkQw6JY",
        "title": "Cobalt phosphide as a highly active non-precious metal cocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light irradiation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shuang cao",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "chunchao hou",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "7M0AIjir": {
        "id": "7M0AIjir",
        "title": "Enhanced photocatalytic H2-evolution by immobilizing CdS nanocrystals on ultrathin Co0.85Se/RGO–PEI nanosheets",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shuang cao",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "lei kang",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "zheshuai lin",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "kEpjuyCN": {
        "id": "kEpjuyCN",
        "title": "Nanostructured Ni2 P as a Robust Catalyst for the Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia-Borane.",
        "abstract": "Ammonia-borane (AB) is a promising chemical hydrogen-storage material. However, the development of real-time, efficient, controllable, and safe methods for hydrogen release under mild conditions is a challenge in the large-scale use of hydrogen as a long-term solution for future energy security. A new class of low-cost catalytic system is presented that uses nanostructured Ni2 P as catalyst, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity and high sustainability toward hydrolysis of ammonia-borane with the initial turnover frequency of 40.4 mol(H2)  mol(Ni2P) (-1)  min(-1) under air atmosphere and at ambient temperature. This value is higher than those reported for noble-metal-free catalysts, and the obtained Arrhenius activation energy (Ea =44.6 kJ mol(-1) ) for the hydrolysis reaction is comparable to Ru-based bimetallic catalysts. A clearly mechanistic analysis of the hydrolytic reaction of AB based on experimental results and a density functional theory calculation is presented.",
        "keywords": [
            "ammonia-borane",
            "heterogeneous catalysis",
            "hydrogen storage",
            "nickel phosphide",
            "reaction mechanisms"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Yun Peng",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, (P.R. China)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Kang",
                "org": "Center for Crystal R&amp;D, Key Lab of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhe-Shuai Lin",
                "org": "Center for Crystal R&amp;D, Key Lab of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, (P.R. China). fuwf@mail.ipc.ac.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "JFr7BoGH": {
        "id": "JFr7BoGH",
        "title": "Photocatalytic H 2 production from water based on platinum(II) Schiff base sensitizers and a molecular cobalt catalyst",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tingting li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Catalysis Communications",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "63L8MieB": {
        "id": "63L8MieB",
        "title": "New platinum and ruthenium Schiff base complexes for water splitting reactions",
        "abstract": "New platinum(ii) and ruthenium(ii) mononuclear complexes with naphthalene-based Schiff base ligands L1 (H2-selnaph) and L2 (H2-selnaph-COOH) were synthesized: Pt-selnaph (), Pt-selnaph-COOH (), Ru-selnaph(4-picoline)2 (), and Ru-selnaph(isoquinoline)2 (). The complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight spectrometry, and elemental analysis, and their electrochemical and photophysical properties were investigated. The luminescent complexes and were used as photosensitizers for visible-light driven hydrogen production reactions in the presence of sacrificial electron donor triethylamine and cocatalyst precursor K2PtCl4 aqueous solution. When complex was attached to the surface of TiO2 by a carboxyl group, enhanced hydrogen photogeneration was achieved compared with complex alone, with turnover numbers of about 84 after 12 h irradiation. Calculations based on electrochemical and spectroscopic data also confirmed the feasibility of electron injection through the carboxyl group of complex into the conduction band of TiO2 for hydrogen production reactions. Complexes and were found to be efficient stable water oxidation (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6-driven catalysts with a first-order reaction behavior. A turnover frequency of 5.34 min(-1) was achieved for complex , while complex exhibited an enhanced turnover frequency of 11.9 min(-1) in pH 1.0 aqueous solution. Turnover numbers up to 1400 and 2060 were obtained after 6.5 h of reaction for and , respectively. Unique mechanistic information for water splitting is also presented through electrochemical, spectroscopic and ESI-MS high-valent ruthenium-oxo intermediate investigations. ",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chuanjun wang",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "hmDjg8lC": {
        "id": "hmDjg8lC",
        "title": "Synthesis, structures and photophysical properties of boron–fluorine derivatives based on pyridine/1,8-naphthyridine",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "structures"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhensheng li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Dyes and Pigments",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "vKH4Mb9g": {
        "id": "vKH4Mb9g",
        "title": "Incorporation of a [Ru(dcbpy)(bpy)2]2+ photosensitizer and a Pt(dcbpy)Cl2 catalyst into metal–organic frameworks for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from aqueous solution",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chunchao hou",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "tingting li",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "shuang cao",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "2ZpgOgdY": {
        "id": "2ZpgOgdY",
        "title": "μ-4,4′-Bipyridine-κ 2 N : N ′-bis[(2,2′-bipyridine-κ 2 N , N ′)(triphenylphosphine-κ P )copper(I)] bis(tetrafluoroborate)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "copper"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dehui wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liqiang song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Crystallographica Section E-structure Reports Online",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "jyDrxBkX": {
        "id": "jyDrxBkX",
        "title": "Synergetic effect of Cu and graphene as cocatalyst on TiO 2 for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from solar water splitting",
        "abstract": "In photocatalytic solar water splitting systems, non-noble and highly active cocatalysts have always been pursued with tremendous interest. Herein an active and cheap photocatalyst, using Cu and graphene synergetically as co-catalysts immobilized on TiO 2, was studied. This synergetic photocatalyst displayed enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water splitting in the presence of methanol as a sacrificial reagent. The hydrogen generation efficiency from the Cu-graphene synergetic cocatalyst was about 5 times higher than that of a pure graphene cocatalyst, and can be compared with that of systems containing the well-known Pt cocatalyst. Therefore this Cu-graphene synergetic cocatalyst provides an inexpensive means of harnessing solar energy to achieve efficient hydrogen evolution from water splitting. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Lv",
                "org": "Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shixiong Zhou",
                "org": "Yunnan Normal University(Yunnan Normal University),Kunming,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Zhang",
                "org": "Yunnan Normal University(Yunnan Normal University),Kunming,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haixin Chang",
                "org": "Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University(Tohoku University),Sendai,Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenfu Fu",
                "org": "Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Chemistry",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "8DsCGlhf": {
        "id": "8DsCGlhf",
        "title": "(Trans‐di­chloro‐κCl)­bis­[(di­cyclo­hexyl­phosphino)­methane‐κ2P,P′] ruthenium(II)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "linfang jia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mingming yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junfeng zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Crystallographica Section E-structure Reports Online",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "XcaDyEaw": {
        "id": "XcaDyEaw",
        "title": "Bis[bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)methane-κ<sup>2</sup><i>P</i>,<i>P</i>′]platinum(II) bis(perchlorate) 1,2-dichloroethane tetrasolvate",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "methane"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Xi-Juan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fu Wen-Fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Crystallographica Section E-structure Reports Online",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "MhsMp0c5": {
        "id": "MhsMp0c5",
        "title": "Naphthyridine–BF 2 complexes with an amide-containing di-2-picolylamine receptor: Synthesis, structures and photo-induced electron transfer",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "electron transfer",
            "charge transfer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yunying wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "weihua mu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "E1EMp7Is": {
        "id": "E1EMp7Is",
        "title": "Bodipy dyes bearing oligo(ethylene glycol) groups on the meso-phenyl ring: tuneable solid-state photoluminescence and highly efficient OLEDs",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "cuilian liu",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "deepak prakash shelar",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "cong li",
                "org": "uc berkeley college of chemistry"
            },
            {
                "name": "gang cheng",
                "org": "jilin university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "7rwz39x0": {
        "id": "7rwz39x0",
        "title": "Photodriven formation of FeNi bimetallic nano-mixture accompanied with efficient hydrogen evolution under atmospheric oxygen",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "photocatalysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chuanjun wang",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaojun lv",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "uc berkeley college of chemistry"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Catalysis B-environmental",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "mdO64B27": {
        "id": "mdO64B27",
        "title": "Ultrasmall CoP Nanoparticles as Efficient Cocatalysts for Photocatalytic Formic Acid Dehydrogenation",
        "abstract": "Summary  Photocatalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid (FA) under mild conditions can meet the increasing demand for H 2  generation in a sustainable manner. In this work, ultrasmall CoP nanoparticle (NP) is first introduced as an efficient and robust cocatalyst for photocatalytic FA dehydrogenation. Both the density function theory and experimental results show excellent H 2  production property for CoP NPs. The H 2  production rate for the CdS/CoP@RGO hybrid under visible light irradiation without any additives can reach up to 182 ± 12.5 μmol·mg −1 ·hr −1 , which is more than 30 times higher than that of bare CdS and over 3 times the reported value of classical noble metal Pd/C 3 N 4  photocatalysts. The system can be sustained for more than 7 days, which is promising for practical application. The present work not only introduces a highly active catalyst but also provides a feasible strategy for construction of a low-cost photocatalytic FA dehydrogenation system under mild conditions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wang",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chen",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinghua Shi",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongmei Li",
                "org": "Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Cheng",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinfeng Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Liu",
                "org": "Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingyu Piao",
                "org": "CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Joule",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "cNkyihUG": {
        "id": "cNkyihUG",
        "title": "Phosphorescent polymeric nanomaterials with metallophilic d10⋯d10 interactions self-assembled from [Au(NHC)2]+ and [M(CN)2]−",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "gang cheng",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "kai li",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "deepak prakash shelar",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "wei lu",
                "org": "south university of science and technology of china"
            },
            {
                "name": "chiming che",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Science",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "s0mh8Rjt": {
        "id": "s0mh8Rjt",
        "title": "Controlled Formation of Defective Shell on TiO 2 (001) Facets for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Rui Shi",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemcatchem",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "D3BKuP5b": {
        "id": "D3BKuP5b",
        "title": "Platinum(II) Schiff Base Complexes as Photocatalysts for Visible‐Light‐Induced Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions",
        "abstract": "Four phosphorescent platinum(II) Schiff base complexes are screened for application in visible-light-induced cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reactions. Preliminary studies show that, among the four platinum(II) complexes, Pt3 is an efficient catalyst for CDC reactions with oxygen as an oxidant. Light irradiation (λ>420 nm) on a mixture of the Pt complex, tertiary amine, and a variety of nucleophiles (nitroalkanes, ketones, or indoles) under aerobic conditions gives α-functionalized tertiary amines in good to excellent yields. The photoluminescence quenching experiment reveals that the CDC reaction is initiated by photoinduced electron transfer from N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline to the Pt complex. Further, electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements clearly indicate the formation of superoxide radical anions (O  ) rather than singlet oxygen ( O ) during the photocatalytic reaction.",
        "keywords": [
            "photochemistry",
            "platinum",
            "electron transfer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "deepak prakash shelar",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "tingting li",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "uc berkeley college of chemistry"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ChemPlusChem",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "jj3nKKie": {
        "id": "jj3nKKie",
        "title": "Luminescent zinc(II) and copper(I) complexes for high-performance solution-processed monochromic and white organic light-emitting devices",
        "abstract": "The synthesis and spectroscopic properties of luminescent tetranuclear zinc(II) complexes of substituted 7-azaindoles and a series of luminescent copper(I) complexes containing 7,8-bis(diphenylphosphino)-7,8-dicarba- nido-undecaborate ligand are described. These complexes are stable towards air and moisture. Thin film samples of the luminescent copper(I) complexes in 2,6-dicarbazolo-1,5-pyridine and zinc(II) complexes in poly(methyl methacrylate) showed emission quantum yields of up to 0.60 (for Cu-3) and 0.96 (for Zn-1), respectively. Their photophysical properties were examined by ultrafast time-resolved emission spectroscopy, temperature dependent emission lifetime measurements and density functional theory calculations. Monochromic blue and orange solution-processed OLEDs with these Zn(II) and Cu(I) complexes as light-emitting dopants have been fabricated, respectively. Maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.55% and Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.16, 0.19) were accomplished with the optimized Zn-1-OLED while these values were, respectively 15.64% and (0.48, 0.51) for the optimized Cu-3-OLED. Solution-processed white OLEDs having maximum EQE of 6.88%, CIE coordinates of (0.42, 0.44), and colour rendering index of 81 were fabricated by using these luminescent Zn(II) and Cu(I) complexes as blue and orange light-emitting dopant materials, respectively.",
        "keywords": [
            "EFFICIENCY ROLL-OFF",
            "PHOSPHORESCENT PLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES",
            "ACTIVATED DELAYED FLUORESCENCE",
            "PHOTOINDUCED STRUCTURAL-CHANGE",
            "EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY",
            "LIVED EXCITED-STATES",
            "CU-I COMPLEXES",
            "TRIPLET EXCITONS",
            "GOLD(III) COMPLEXES",
            "CU(I) COMPLEXES"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "gang cheng",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "gary kwokming so",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "waipong to",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "chichung kwok",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "chensheng ma",
                "org": "shenzhen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangguo guan",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoyong chang",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "waiming kwok",
                "org": "hong kong polytechnic university"
            },
            {
                "name": "chiming che",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CHEMICAL SCIENCE",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "3IQk389T": {
        "id": "3IQk389T",
        "title": "A Ni 2 P modified Ti 4+ doped Fe 2 O 3 photoanode for efficient solar water oxidation by promoting hole injection.",
        "abstract": "Nickel phosphide (NiP) was used as an excellent water oxidation cocatalyst for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, which could significantly promote the hole injection efficiency and suppress the back reaction of water oxidation over a Ti doped FeO photoanode.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qijing Bu",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China. xietf@jlu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuo Li",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, Jilin University,Changchun 130012,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qidong Zhao",
                "org": "School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology,Panjin,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dejun Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, Jilin University,Changchun 130012,P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tengfeng Xie",
                "org": "College of Chemistry, Jilin University,Changchun 130012,P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "1QiZKFj6": {
        "id": "1QiZKFj6",
        "title": "Highly selective oxidation of sulfides on a CdS/C3N4 catalyst with dioxygen under visible-light irradiation",
        "abstract": "A CdS/C3N4 composite photocatalyst was fabricated by a facile method, and its structure, composition, and morphology were characterized in detail. The catalyst exhibited high photocatalytic product selectivity towards the oxidation of sulfides into corresponding sulfoxides even when the irradiation time was extended to 20 h. The synergistic effect between CdS and C3N4 gave rise to efficient interfacial transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes on both materials, as confirmed by transient photocurrent measurements. The best photocatalytic activity for the catalyst prepared at 300 °C was achieved at a C3N4/CdS ratio of 0.3. Sulfides were efficiently oxidized to sulfoxides with dioxygen under visible-light illumination in methanol at room temperature. The conversion efficiency of sulfides with electron-withdrawing groups was lower than those with a donating substituent, and the conversion strongly depended on the steric hindrance effect of the substituent. A possible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed based on electron spin resonance, trapping experiments, and other experimental results.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Xu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi-Cheng Fu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuang Cao",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Yunnan Normal University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Catalysis Science & Technology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "nohAR0Rc": {
        "id": "nohAR0Rc",
        "title": "Visible-light driven oxidative coupling of amines to imines with high selectivity in air over core-shell structured CdS@C 3 N 4",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A core-shell structured CdS@C 3 N 4  photocatalyst with a 4 nm thick shell was prepared using self-assembly, and its structure, composition and morphology were characterized in detail. The hybrid visible-light catalyst exhibited a high photocatalytic performance for oxidative coupling of amines under atmospheric conditions, and robust product selectivity up to u003e99% for photodriven oxidation of various amines to corresponding imines was achieved. It was confirmed using Hammett-type plots and radical trapping experiments that steric effects and the formation of  • O 2  −  are critical for photocatalytic conversion of the investigated substrates, and the related catalytic mechanism is presented.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Xu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Yunnan Normal University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Catalysis B-environmental",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ihPYBEN2": {
        "id": "ihPYBEN2",
        "title": "Highly selective reduction of nitroarenes to anilines catalyzed using MOF-derived hollow Co3S4 in water under ambient conditions",
        "abstract": "Abstract   We developed a new strategy for the efficient reduction of nitroarenes using sodium sulfide as reducing agent with MOF-derived Co 3 S 4  as catalyst in water and at room temperature. The introduction of sodium sulfite enhanced the reactant conversion and product selectivity, and the as-synthesized catalyst was used repeatedly five times and retained its activity and selectivity. A wide spectrum of reducible functional moieties kept unaffected under the reaction conditions, and isotope labeling experiment showed the hydrogen atom was derived from water.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Xu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Jun Lv",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fu Fu",
                "org": "Yunnan Normal University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Catalysis Communications",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "nmMVSbts": {
        "id": "nmMVSbts",
        "title": "Highly efficient and selective photocatalytic reduction of nitroarenes using the Ni2P/CdS catalyst under visible-light irradiation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wenzheng gao",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong xu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfu fu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Communications",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "gOBGD2qK": {
        "id": "gOBGD2qK",
        "title": "Convolutional Neural Network with SDP-Based Attention for Relation Classification.",
        "abstract": "Relation classification plays an important role in the field of natural language processing (NLP). The state-of-theart methods for this task use prior knowledge as features such as WordNet, Part-of-Speech(POS), shortest dependency path (SDP), which is helpful but brings error propagation. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network architecture, which builds word-level attention mechanism based on SDP to capture task-oriented patterns in sentences. We explore the way of combining prior knowledge and deep models properly to ease errors in prior knowledge. Additionally, a new objective function is designed to reduce the impact of artificial class, which is seldom touched in previous works. Experiments on the SemEval-2010 Task 8 benchmark dataset show that our model outperforms some of the state-of-the-art methods.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ning Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BigComp",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "CrvUPtk9": {
        "id": "CrvUPtk9",
        "title": "Affinity Regularized Non-negative Matrix Factorization for Lifelong Topic Modeling",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjie Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianying Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiwen Ye",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "g2Pr95o9": {
        "id": "g2Pr95o9",
        "title": "Modeling Emerging, Evolving and Fading Topics Using Dynamic Soft Orthogonal NMF with Sparse Representation",
        "abstract": "Dynamic topic models (DTM) are of great use toanalyze the evolution of unobserved topics of a text collectionover time. Recent years have witnessed the explosive growth ofstreaming text data emerging from online media, which createsan unprecedented need for DTMs for timely event analysis. While there have been some matrix factorization methods inthe literature for dynamic topic modeling, further study is stillin great need to model emerging, evolving and fading topicsin a more natural and effective way. In light of this, we firstpropose a matrix factorization model called SONMFSR (SoftOrthogonal NMF with Sparse Representation), which makes fulluse of soft orthogonal and sparsity constraints for static topicmodeling. Furthermore, by introducing the constraints of emerging, evolving and fading topics to SONMFSR, we easily obtain a novel DTM called SONMFSRd for dynamic event analysis. Extensive experiments on two public corpora demonstrate the superiority of SONMFSRd to some state-of-the-art DTMs in both topic detection and tracking. In particular, SONMFSRd shows great potential in real-world applications, where popular topics in Two Sessions 2015 are captured and traced dynamically for possible insights.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Junjie Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingguang Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengxiang Lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE International Conference on DataMining",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "jbLQmkNu": {
        "id": "jbLQmkNu",
        "title": "Discriminatively Local Hashing for Preserving Semantic Manifold.",
        "abstract": "Learning to hash, owing to its compact compression and economical computation, is becoming more and more crucial in data embedding, storage, indexing and computing for various intelligent tasks such as semantic computing and search engines. However, numerous existing hashing methods are schemed in the normal Euclidean space with the assumption that Lp metric represents the semantic similarities which usually is not the case in practical scenarios. With respect to such observation, we propose a novel learning paradigm for hashing, called Discriminatively Local Hashing for Preserving Semantic Manifold (DLH for short), in a more general Manifold space. More specifically, appropriate nearest neighbors are firstly selected for Graph semantics with Euclidean metric in order to preserving semantic manifold; then supervised labels are further leveraged to distinguish which are real neighbors in the previous selected ones for fine-tuning the semantic embedding. Compared with some completing baselines on several public datasets, our proposed method DLH performs much better or at least comparable.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaopeng Zhang",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiwen Ye",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DASC/PiCom/DataCom/CyberSciTech",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "AZCEkheh": {
        "id": "AZCEkheh",
        "title": "Regularized Semi-non-negative Matrix Factorization for Hashing.",
        "abstract": "Learning with non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) has significantly benefited large numbers of fields such as information retrieval, computer vision, natural language processing, biomedicine, and neuroscience, etc. However, little research (with NMF) has scratched hashing, which is a sharp sword in approximately nearest neighbors search for economical storage and efficient hardware-level XOR operations. To explore more, we propose a novel hashing model, called Regularized Semi-NMF for Hashing (SeH), which is a minimal optimization between Semi-NMF, semantics preserving, and efficient coding. Tricks such as balance codes, binary-like relaxation, and stochastic learning are employed to yield efficient algorithms which raise the capabilities to deal with a large-scale dataset. SeH is shown to evidently improve retrieval effectiveness over some state-of-the-art baselines on several public datasets (MSRA-CFW, Caltech256, Cifar10, and ImageNet) with different sample scales and feature representations. Furthermore, a case study on Caltech256, that is, three image queries are randomly selected and the corresponding search results are presented, would intuitively exhibit which method is better.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaopeng Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Trans. Multimedia",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "v46jMmOv": {
        "id": "v46jMmOv",
        "title": "Large-Margin Supervised Hashing.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaopeng Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianglong Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICONIP",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "L12ud0jz": {
        "id": "L12ud0jz",
        "title": "A semantics-based method for clustering of Chinese web search results",
        "abstract": "Information explosion is a critical challenge to the development of modern information systems. In particular, when the application of an information system is over the Internet, the amount of information over the web has been increasing exponentially and rapidly. Search engines, such as Google and Baidu, are essential tools for people to find the information from the Internet. Valuable information, however, is still likely submerged in the ocean of search results from those tools. By clustering the results into different groups based on subjects automatically, a search engine with the clustering feature allows users to select most relevant results quickly. In this paper, we propose an online semantics-based method to cluster Chinese web search results. First, we employ the generalised suffix tree to extract the longest common substrings LCSs from search snippets. Second, we use the HowNet to calculate the similarities of the words derived from the LCSs, and extract the most representative features by constructing the vocabulary chain. Third, we construct a vector of text features and calculate snippets’ semantic similarities. Finally, we improve the Chameleon algorithm to cluster snippets. Extensive experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm has outperformed over the suffix tree clustering method and other traditional clustering methods.",
        "keywords": [
            "cluster chinese web search",
            "semantics-based method",
            "information explosion",
            "search snippet",
            "information system",
            "clustering feature",
            "chinese web search result",
            "traditional clustering method",
            "search engine",
            "modern information system",
            "search result",
            "valuable information",
            "semantic similarity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Deqing Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Wang",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuming Bi",
                "org": "Department of Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805-1499, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Enterprise IS",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "6wzMeQWB": {
        "id": "6wzMeQWB",
        "title": "A Blockchain-Based Collocation Storage Architecture for Data Security Process Platform of WSN.",
        "abstract": "Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) interconnects thousands of sensor nodes to support the services of Internet of Things (loT). However, data collected from sensor nodes may be tempered, forged and divulged. Traditional WSN data process platform handle the data centralized in terminal devices which is vulnerable to attacks and reduce the security of the system. Blockchain is a kind of distributed databases. It has been successfully applied in finance, securities, digital currency and other fields. We first propose a blockchain-based distributed collocation storage architecture for data security process platform of WSN with consensus protocol and asymmetric signature scheme. The security and efficiency are verified on the simulation to enable blockchain as a good solution.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Libo Feng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liqi Lou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CSCWD",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Pd5zkWD7": {
        "id": "Pd5zkWD7",
        "title": "Experimental explorations on short text topic mining between LDA and NMF based Schemes.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Learning topics from short texts has become a critical and fundamental task for understanding the widely-spread streaming social messages,  e.g. , tweets, snippets and questions/answers. Up to date, there are two distinctive topic learning schemes: generative probabilistic graphical models and geometrically linear algebra approaches, with LDA and NMF being the representative works, respectively. Since these two methods both could uncover the latent topics hidden in the unstructured short texts, some interesting doubts are coming to our minds that which one is better and why? Are there any other more effective extensions? In order to explore valuable insights between LDA and NMF based learning schemes, we comprehensively conduct a series of experiments into two parts. Specifically, the basic LDA and NMF are compared with different experimental settings on several public short text datasets in the first part which would exhibit that NMF tends to perform better than LDA; in the second part, we propose a novel model called “Knowledge-guided Non-negative Matrix Factorization for Better Short Text Topic Mining” (abbreviated as KGNMF), which leverages external knowledge as a semantic regulator with low-rank formalizations, yielding up a time-efficient algorithm. Extensive experiments are conducted on three representative corpora with currently typical short text topic models to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed KGNMF. Overall, learning with NMF-based schemes is another effective manner in short text topic mining in addition to the popular LDA-based paradigms.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiwen Ye",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianying Lin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Knowl.-Based Syst.",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "IneVyMWL": {
        "id": "IneVyMWL",
        "title": "Soft orthogonal non-negative matrix factorization with sparse representation: Static and dynamic.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   NMF owns the ability to well interpret practical problems owing to its non-negative elements and surprisingly could dig out data’s latent factors as human cognition. However, structures recognized from classic NMF are usually not fully localized and always accompanied with noises. In light of this, we introduce an improved framework called SONMFSR (Soft Orthogonal NMF with Sparse Representation), which makes full use of soft orthogonality and sparsity constraints to tackle such problems in this paper. Related experiments show that SONMFSR can excavate diverse and local structures with compact representations. Motivated by these characteristics, as well as the unprecedented need and further study for dynamic topic model (DTM) for timely event analysis, we then extend static SONMFSR to a novel DTM named SONMFSR  d   by introducing the constraints of emerging, evolving and fading topics. Extensive experiments on two public corpora also demonstrate the superiority of SONMFSR  d   to some state-of-the-art DTMs in both topic detection and tracking. In particular, SONMFSR  d   exhibits great potential in real-world applications, where popular topics in Two Sessions 2015 are captured and traced dynamically for possible insights. Moreover, we also provide theoretical support for the proposed schemes.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Lab of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Lab of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": "State Key Lab of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiwen Ye",
                "org": "State Key Lab of Software Development Environment, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Neurocomputing",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "cZHRkybV": {
        "id": "cZHRkybV",
        "title": "Transfer Learning by Linking Similar Feature Clusters for Sentiment Classification.",
        "abstract": "Transfer learning aims to extract the knowledge from a label-rich source domain to enhance the predictive model of a target domain. Previous methods achieve knowledge transfer by detecting a shared low-dimensional feature representation from source domain to target domain. Along this line, many algorithms, e.g., dual transfer learning (DTL), triplex transfer learning (TRi-TL) etc., have been proposed and widely used for text classification. However, we argue that it is difficult for models to distinguish exactly the common concepts or identical concepts across different domains through the existing algorithms, even though source and target domains are related but different. So we propose to use the similar feature clusters as knowledge transfer, that is, we only guarantee the approximate similarity of common word clusters across different domains, rather than the exactly same. Based on the above assumption, the derived association matrices between word clusters and document classes should be slightly different to account for the word clusters variations. To take the above assumptions into account, we propose a novel Nonnegative Matrix Tri-Factorization based transfer learning by linking similar feature clusters (LSF-TL) for sentiment classification, in which an approximate constraint between similar word clusters matrices is added to allow differences while keeping the knowledge transferring function. Besides, LSF-TL also provides the same approximate constraint for the derived clusters association matrices. Then we employ an iterative updating algorithm with sound theoretical proof to find the local optimal solution. Last, we evaluate our method by conducting extensive experiments on Amazon product reviews. The results show that our approach achieves better classification accuracy than the state-of-the-art methods for both Cross-lingual sentiment classification(CLSC) and Cross-lingual cross-domain sentiment classification(CLCDSC) tasks.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenjie Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Deqing Wang",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "He Zhang",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianlin Jiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Beihang University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICTAI",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "83GIvJqS": {
        "id": "83GIvJqS",
        "title": "Name Disambiguation for Chinese Scientific Authors with Multi-Level Clustering.",
        "abstract": "Name ambiguity arises when one retrieves publications written by distinct author entities who share the same name. During the past decades, a myriad of supervised and unsupervised methods have been proposed to resolve the ambiguity of author names and boost retrieval performance for digital libraries and other similar websites such as Citeseer1 and WanFang2. However, most of them either need large numbers of annotated data or cannot be scaled to suit massive data sets. In this paper, we propose an entirely unsupervised framework to achieve well-performed disambiguation, specifically, a multilevel clustering algorithm that builds a discipline tree in which paper and author entities are matched. To speed up the process of constructing discipline tree, we implement an efficient seeding algorithm for sequential k-Means and design a strategy for fast estimating k, the number of clusters. Experimental results show our framework is efficient for large scale data sets and works well for name disambiguation with respect to Chinese scientific authors.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Simeng Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CSE/EUC",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "REnDakA1": {
        "id": "REnDakA1",
        "title": "Scalable Dynamic Multi-Agent Practical Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Consensus in Permissioned Blockchain",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Libo Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Liqi Lou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Sciences",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "yhOVuein": {
        "id": "yhOVuein",
        "title": "Diversity Regularized Latent Semantic Match for Hashing.",
        "abstract": "Hashing based approximate nearest neighbors (ANN) search has drawn considerable attraction owing to its low-memory storage and hardware-level logical computing which is doomed to be greatly applicable to quantities of large-scale and practical scenarios, such as information retrieval, computer vision and natural language processing. However, most existing hashing methods concentrate either on images only or on pairwise image-texts (labels, short documents) and rarely utilize more common sentences. In this paper, we propose D iversity R egularized L atent S emantic M atch for H ashing (DRLSMH), a new multimodal hashing method that projects images and sentences into a shared latent semantic space with label-supervised semantic constraints to proceed on multimodal retrieval. Notably, soft orthogonality is induced as a novel regularizer to preserve diverse hashing functions for compact and accurate representations; what's more, this kind of regularization also benefits the derivations of closed-form solutions with some proper relaxations under iterative optimization framework. Extensive experiments on two public datasets demonstrate the advantages of our method over some state-of-the-art baselines under cross-modal retrieval both on image-query-image, image-query-text and text-query-image tasks.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Zhang",
                "org": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongxin Tong",
                "org": "School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Lu",
                "org": "IT FLEX, Intel China Research Center, Beijing 100080, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Neurocomputing",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Wjbw2Shc": {
        "id": "Wjbw2Shc",
        "title": "Research Advances in the Treatment of Melanoma by Treat Melanoma.",
        "abstract": "Melanoma is a highly malignant tumor. Prognoses of melanoma patients are often unsatisfactory due to poor operational and chemoradiational efficacy. Recently, researches for melanoma treatment have found multipeptide vaccines a favorite and possible breakthrough as they are stable in chemical property and easy to be synthesized, have no carcinogenecity and dispense with virus vector. Studies have shown that the immunogenicity of multipeptide vaccines could be enhanced by use of immunoadjuvants, joining dendritic cells (DCs), full-length or epitope-superposited antigen peptides, costimulatory molecules and cellpenetrating peptides fusion, thereby improving anti-tumor effect. Certain achievements have been obtained in clinical treatment of melanoma by multipeptide vaccines, but problems including poor immunogenicity and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotype restriction may require further study.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Can Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Siqi He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqing Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huiqing Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianda Zhou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "gYRn3c05": {
        "id": "gYRn3c05",
        "title": "Spike-Threshold Variability Originated from Separatrix-Crossing in Neuronal Dynamics",
        "abstract": "A Nature Research Journal",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Longfei Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianchun Yu",
                "org": "Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengtong Wang",
                "org": "College of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Application, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific Reports",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "jvfMvDzx": {
        "id": "jvfMvDzx",
        "title": "Spike-Threshold Variability Originated from Separatrix-Crossing in Neuronal State Space",
        "abstract": "Spike threshold is an important regulator of neuronal signal transduction and acts as a special gate that filters the flow of information. The threshold potential for spike generation varies across different stimuli. The mechanism of threshold variation is still not fully understood. In this paper, we propose that the threshold can be determined as instantaneous threshold sets: the separatrix in neuronal state space. Therefore, the threshold evolving equation versus time is naturally deduced from the separatrix, and can be simplified to the previously assumed threshold equation for a specific case. In the view of neuron dynamics, the threshold variation is determined by crossing the separatrix at different sites. We then use the separatrix-crossing mechanism to explain, in detail, the threshold phenomena following stimulus off in four example models, three of which have analytic separatrices and threshold equations, and one of which verified the validity of separatrix-crossing mechanism in real conductance-based neuron model. We show that crossing the separatrix in state space is possibly the intrinsic dynamic mechanism for post-stimulus thresholds. Our theory provides a general idea of the neural threshold and will facilitate the understanding of the nature of threshold variability.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Longfei Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengtong Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianchun Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "arXiv: Neurons and Cognition",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "2iZ7RWL2": {
        "id": "2iZ7RWL2",
        "title": "Response of autaptic Hodgkin–Huxley neuron with noise to subthreshold sinusoidal signals",
        "abstract": "In this work, we investigated the response of a stochastic Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) neuron with an autapse to subthreshold sinusoidal signals. It is found that the autapse not only adjusts the stochastic responses, but also improves the detection of subthreshold signals. In the case of weak noise, the autapse facilitates the response of neuron to the subthreshold sinusoidal signals with a small parameter region in tdelay-ω space. The increased noise intensity enlarges this parameter region and increases the corresponding response frequency in such range. As the autaptic intensity increases, however, this parameter region shrunks. We also observed that there is an optimal range of the delay time of autapse, within which the stochastic HH neuron fires action potentials with high frequency. The corresponding response spike train for the optimal delay time is nearly a regular sequence with the interspike intervals approximated to the delay time. The current results reveal a novel resonance phenomenon facilitated by autapse, named autaptic delay-induced coherence resonance.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hengtong Wang",
                "org": "School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengtong Wang",
                "org": "School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physica A-statistical Mechanics and Its Applications",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "f5eDGbUH": {
        "id": "f5eDGbUH",
        "title": "Autapse-induced firing patterns transitions in the Morris–Lecar neuron model",
        "abstract": "In 1948, Hodgkin identified three firing patterns of a single neuron in response to increasing the external DC input. In this work, we investigated the responses of a single neuron with an autapse based on a modified Morris–Lecar neuron model, which can exhibit the three types of firing patterns by changing only one parameter. An excitatory autapse was found to enhance the firing frequency, but an inhibitory autapse suppressed neuron firing. With excitatory autaptic feedback, the firing of a Class-1 neuron could be switched to that of a Class-2 neuron, and a Class-3 neuron could exhibit a Class-2 firing pattern. The sustained response frequency of the Class-2 neuron transferred from that of Class-3 is only dependent on the autaptic time delay, and the frequency decays gradually with increased the delay time.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinlin Song",
                "org": "Center of Soft Matter Physics and Its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hengtong Wang",
                "org": "School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center of Soft Matter Physics and Its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Dynamics",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "xQfYbrLu": {
        "id": "xQfYbrLu",
        "title": "The Role of Coincidence-Detector Neurons in the Reliability and Precision of Subthreshold Signal Detection in Noise",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "neural networks",
            "biology",
            "membrane potential",
            "depression",
            "algorithms",
            "action potentials",
            "synaptic transmission",
            "physics",
            "synapses",
            "chemistry",
            "engineering",
            "medicine",
            "sensory thresholds"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university"
            },
            {
                "name": "hengtong wang",
                "org": "lanzhou university"
            },
            {
                "name": "lianchun yu",
                "org": "lanzhou university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "king s college london"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PLOS ONE",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "O464PfpO": {
        "id": "O464PfpO",
        "title": "Dynamical response, information transition and energy dependence in a neuron model driven by autapse",
        "abstract": "Autapses are a class of special synapses of neurons. In those neurons, their axons are not connected to the dendrites of other neurons but are attached to their own cell bodies. The output signal of a neuron feeds back to itself, thereby allowing the neuronal firing behavior to be self-tuned. Autapses can adjust the firing accuracy of a neuron and regulate the synchronization of a neuronal system. In this paper, we investigated the information capacity and energy efficiency of a Hodgkin–Huxley neuron in the noisy signal transmission process regulated by delayed inhibitory chemical autapse for different feedback strengths and delay times. We found that the information transmission, coding efficiency, and energy efficiency are maximized when the delay time is half of the input signal period. With the increase in the inhibitory strength of autapse, this maximization is increasingly obvious. Therefore, we propose that the inhibitory autaptic structure can serve as a mechanism and enable neural information processing to be energy efficient.",
        "keywords": [
            "Hodgkin–Huxley neuronal model",
            " Autapse",
            " Information entropy",
            " Encoding efficiency",
            " Energy efficiency"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuan Yue",
                "org": "Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuan Yue",
                "org": "Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liwei Liu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yujiang Liu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yueling Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianchun Yu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nonlinear Dynamics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "leA3WhR2": {
        "id": "leA3WhR2",
        "title": "Perfluorododecanoic acid blocks rat Leydig cell development during prepuberty.",
        "abstract": "Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) has been used as a surfactant and may have reproductive toxicity. However, whether PFDoA influences Leydig cell development during prepuberty remains unknown. In the present study, 21-day-old male Sprague Dawley rats were gavaged 0, 5 or 10 mg/kg PFDoA from postnatal day 21 to 35. PFDoA decreased the serum concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg without influencing Leydig cell number and proliferation. However, PFDoA down-regulated the expression of Leydig cell genes (Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd11b1) or their proteins. PFDoA dose-dependently reduced SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels. PFDoA did not affect AMPK and AKT2 levels, but decreased their phosphorylation. We also treated primary progenitor Leydig cells purified from prepubertal rat testes with PFDoA for 24 h. It in vitro lowered viability and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential of progenitor Leydig cells, but it stimulated the generation of the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induced Leydig cell apoptosis at 10 μM. In conclusion, PFDoA blocks rat Leydig cell development during the prepubertal period possibly via targeting AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α and AKT2 signaling pathways.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huitao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaying Mo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuxiu Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Keyang Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Leikai Ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Junzhao Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical research in toxicology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "r29QzCSI": {
        "id": "r29QzCSI",
        "title": "Repeated Electroacupuncture Persistently Elevates Adenosine and Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats.",
        "abstract": "The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of repeated electroacupuncture (EA) over 21 days on the adenosine concentration in peripheral blood of rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 6 animals each: sham-control, CIA-control, and CIA-EA. We determined the adenosine concentration in peripheral blood and assessed pathological changes of ankle joints. Quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine mRNA levels of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73), adenosine deaminase (ADA), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect expression of ADA and CD73 in synovial tissue. Repeated EA treatment on CIA resulted in the persistence of high concentrations of adenosine in peripheral blood, significantly reduced pathological scores, TNF-α mRNA concentrations, and synovial hyperplasia. Importantly, EA treatment led to a significant increase in CD73 mRNA levels in peripheral blood but was associated with a decrease of CD73 immunostaining in synovial tissue. In addition, EA treatment resulted in a significant decrease of both ADA mRNA levels in peripheral blood and ADA immunostaining in synovial tissue. Thus, repeated EA treatment exerts an anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effect on CIA by increasing the concentration of adenosine. The mechanism of EA action may involve the modulation of CD73 and ADA expression levels. ",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tian-Shen Ye",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Heng Du",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Hui Li",
                "org": "Chengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Xia Xie",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ka-Te Huang",
                "org": "Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhou-Yang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huan Hu",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun-Lu Wang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Qiao Fang",
                "org": "Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "wxgWgIbW": {
        "id": "wxgWgIbW",
        "title": "In utero single low-dose exposure of cadmium induces rat fetal Leydig cell dysfunction.",
        "abstract": "Cadmium chloride (Cd) is a potent endocrine disruptor and may cause the malformation in the male reproductive tract. However, the effects of a single in utero exposure to low doses of Cd on fetal Leydig cell development are still unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of a single in utero exposure to low doses of Cd on rat fetal Leydig cell development. Adult 64-day-old Sprague-Dawley dams received a single intraperitoneal injection of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg Cd on gestational day 12. Cd dose-dependently reduced testosterone production of fetal testis, lowered fetal Leydig cell numbers, downregulated protein expression levels of Leydig (LHCGR, SCARB1, STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, and CYP17A1), and Sertoli cells (HSD17B3, DHH, and FSHR). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that a single in utero exposure to low doses of Cd blocked fetal Leydig cell development.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cadmium chloride",
            "Fetal Leydig cell development",
            "Leydig cells",
            "Rat",
            "Testis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianpeng Liu",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Siwen Wu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenwen Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huitao Li",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Suhao Bao",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Guo",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China. Electronic address: zhanglei@wzhealth.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China. Electronic address: r_ge@yahoo.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemosphere",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ZVPwO5Dz": {
        "id": "ZVPwO5Dz",
        "title": "In utero exposure to hexavalent chromium disrupts rat fetal testis development.",
        "abstract": "Hexavalent chromium (Cr) acts as an endocrine disruptor. Herein, we investigated effects of Cr on the development of rat fetal Leydig and Sertoli cells, which support differentiation of the male reproductive tract in late gestation. Female pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were gavaged with potassium dichromate (0, 3, 6, and 12 mg/kg) from gestational days (GD) 12 to GD 21. Leydig and Sertoli cell function was evaluated by investigating serum testosterone levels, cell number and distribution, and the expression levels of Leydig and Sertoli cell genes and proteins. Cr increased serum testosterone level at dose of 3 mg/kg (1.170 ± 0.121 ng/ml vs. 0.720 ± 0.082 ng/ml in the control), while lowered it at dose of 12 mg/kg (0.400 ± 0.098 ng/ml). In addition, it showed that Cr dose-dependently reduced Leydig cell size and cytoplasmic size and decreased the percentage of medium fetal Leydig cell cluster at dose of 12 mg/kg. Further study demonstrated that the expression of Leydig cell (Lhcgr, Scarb1, and Hsd3b1) and Sertoli cell (Fshr, Pdgfa, and Lif) genes in the testis was upregulated at dose of 3 mg/kg while the expression of Lhcgr, Hsd17b3 and Igf1 was downregulated by Cr at dose of 12 mg/kg. In conclusion, Cr had biphasic effects on fetal Leydig cell development with low dose to stimulate testosterone production and high dose to inhibit it, possibly via biphasically regulating growth factor gene expression in fetal Sertoli cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "Hexavalent chromium",
            "cell and cytoplasmic size",
            "cell distribution",
            "fetal Leydig cells",
            "fetal Sertoli cell",
            "testosterone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenwen Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Keyang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Lv",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingquan Lian",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. Electronic address: lianqingquanmd@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. Electronic address: r_ge@yahoo.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Toxicology letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Gf8mJ7ra": {
        "id": "Gf8mJ7ra",
        "title": "Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 Promotes Rat Stem Leydig Cell Development.",
        "abstract": "Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) is reported to be expressed in the testis. How FGF1 affects stem Leydig cell development remains unclear. Here, we report the effects of FGF1 on rat stem Leydig cell development in an ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS)-treated model. FGF1 (100 ng/testis) significantly increased serum testosterone level, increased PCNA-positive Leydig cell percentage and Leydig cell number, but down-regulated the expression of , and  in Leydig cells , after its daily intratesticular injection from post-EDS day 14 for 14 days. Primary culture of the seminiferous tubules showed that FGF1 stimulated EdU incorporation to stem Leydig cells but blocked the differentiation into the Leydig cell lineage, possibly via FGFR1-mediated mechanism. In conclusion, FGF1 promotes stem Leydig cell proliferation but blocks its differentiation.",
        "keywords": [
            "differentiation",
            "fibroblast growth factor 1",
            "proliferation",
            "stem leydig cell",
            "testosterone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lanlan Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, The Fifth Hospital Affiliated Nantong University, Taizhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tiantian Song",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huitao Li",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lubin Xie",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Linchao Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Leikai Ma",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Lv",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingwang Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in endocrinology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "VojxPmo9": {
        "id": "VojxPmo9",
        "title": "Adenosine A2A Receptor Mediates Inhibition of Synovitis and Osteoclastogenesis after Electroacupuncture in Rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis.",
        "abstract": "Our data suggest that EA treatment activated A2AR. The effects of the A2AR antagonist SCH58261 suggest that the inhibition of osteoclast formation, the inhibition of TNF-, RANKL, and NF-B expression, and the increase of ERK1/2 are all dependent on this EA-induced A2AR activation. It is therefore likely that these pathways with clearly defined roles in inflammation and bone erosion are at least partially involved in the mediation of the inhibition of synovitis and osteoclast formation induced by EA.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Heng Du",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun-Wu Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics & Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Xia Xie",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Jie Cong",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ze-Dong Wang",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "En-Pei Wang",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang-Yu Wu",
                "org": "Department of Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian-Shen Ye",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ym7d6eUB": {
        "id": "ym7d6eUB",
        "title": "Aflatoxin B1 impairs leydig cells through inhibiting AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy flux pathway.",
        "abstract": "Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a potential endocrine disrupter, has been shown to induce hepatotoxicity in animal models, but the effects of AFB1 on Leydig cell function are unclear. In this study, in vivo exposure to AFB1 at 15 and 150 μg/kg/day lowered serum testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, reduced Leydig cell number, and down-regulated the expression of testosterone biosynthesis-related genes. In vitro study showed that AFB1 (10 μM) significantly increased ROS levels, and decreased T production in Leydig cells by suppressing certain T-biosynthesis gene expressions. Moreover, AFB1 induced Leydig cell apoptosis through lowering pAMPK/AMPK ratio and increasing pmTOR/mTOR ratio, and then further up-regulating autophagy and apoptosis proteins, LC3, BECLIN 1, and BAX, as well as down-regulating autophagy flux protein P62 and anti-apoptosis protein BCL-2. AFB1-induced toxicity in Leydig cells was characterized by inhibiting T-biosynthesis gene expression, reducing Leydig cell number, promoting ROS production, and inducing cell apoptosis via suppressing AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy flux pathway.",
        "keywords": [
            "AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy flux",
            "Aflatoxin B1",
            "Apoptosis",
            "Leydig cells",
            "Testosterone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Li",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaobo Ni",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuxiu Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Linlei Zhang",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuni Xu",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Second Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Second Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinyi Ma",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Second Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huilu Zhan",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Second Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Aoyu Xu",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Second Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Renshan Ge",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Guo",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Second Clinical Medical School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: guoxling@hotmail.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemosphere",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "xJsnqxr9": {
        "id": "xJsnqxr9",
        "title": "4-Bromodiphenyl ether delays pubertal Leydig cell development in rats.",
        "abstract": "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are a class of brominated flame retardants that are potential endocrine disruptors. 4-Bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-3) is the most abundant photodegradation product of higher polybrominated diphenyl ethers. However, whether BDE-3 affects Leydig cell development during puberty is still unknown. The objective of this study was to explore effects of BDE-3 on the pubertal development of rat Leydig cells. Male Sprague Dawley rats (35 days of age) were gavaged daily with BDE-3 (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight/day) for 21 days. BDE-3 decreased serum testosterone levels (1.099 ± 0.412 ng/ml at a dose of 200 mg/kg BDE-3 when compared to the control level (2.402 ± 0.184 ng/ml, mean ± S.E.). BDE-3 decreased Leydig cell size and cytoplasmic size at a dose of 200 mg/kg, decreased Lhcgr, Star, Dhh, and Sox9 mRNA levels at ≥ 100 mg/kg and Scarb1, Cyp11a1, Hsd17b3, and Fshr at 200 mg/kg. BED-3 also decreased the phosphorylation of AKT1, AKT2, ERK1/2, and AMPK at 100 or 200 mg/kg. BDE-3 in vitro induced ROS generation, inhibited androgen production, down-regulated Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, Srd5a1, and Akr1c14 expression in immature Leydig cells after 24-h treatment. In conclusion, the current study indicates that BDE-3 disrupts Leydig cell development via suppressing AKT, ERK1/2, and AMPK phosphorylation and inducing ROS generation.",
        "keywords": [
            "4-Bromodiphenyl ether",
            "Leydig cell",
            "Leydig cell development",
            "Sertoli cell",
            "Testosterone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaoyao Dong",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Erpo Tian",
                "org": "Jinjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lubin Xie",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guimin Wang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuxiu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Lv",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaobo Ni",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yinghui Fang",
                "org": "Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Zhong",
                "org": "Jinjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China. Electronic address: yzhong8@yahoo.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China. Electronic address: r_ge@yahoo.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemosphere",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "fYshFqe0": {
        "id": "fYshFqe0",
        "title": "Differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells into Leydig-like cells with molecular compounds.",
        "abstract": "Leydig cells (LCs) are the primary source of testosterone in the testis, and testosterone deficiency caused by LC functional degeneration can lead to male reproductive dysfunction. LC replacement transplantation is a very promising approach for this disease therapy. Here, we report that human adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) can be differentiated into Leydig-like cells using a novel differentiation method based on molecular compounds. The isolated human ADSCs expressed positive CD29, CD44, CD59 and CD105, negative CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR using flow cytometry, and had the capacity of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. ADSCs derived Leydig-like cells (ADSC-LCs) acquired testosterone synthesis capabilities, and positively expressed LC lineage-specific markers LHCGR, STAR, SCARB1, SF-1, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3B1 and HSD17B3 as well as negatively expressed ADSC specific markers CD29, CD44, CD59 and CD105. When ADSC-LCs labelled with lipophilic red dye (PKH26) were injected into rat testes which were selectively eliminated endogenous LCs using ethylene dimethanesulfonate (EDS, 75 mg/kg), the transplanted ADSC-LCs could survive and function in the interstitium of testes, and accelerate the recovery of blood testosterone levels and testis weights. These results demonstrated that ADSCs could be differentiated into Leydig-like cells by few defined molecular compounds, which might lay the foundation for further clinical application of ADSC-LC transplantation therapy.",
        "keywords": [
            "ADSCs",
            "EDS",
            "LCs",
            "differentiation",
            "testosterone",
            "transplantation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Li",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiping Ji",
                "org": "Department of Gastroenetrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Long Wang",
                "org": "Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shenzhi Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhangye Xu",
                "org": "Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Renshan Ge",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Guo",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of cellular and molecular medicine",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "kgbFbiJX": {
        "id": "kgbFbiJX",
        "title": "Zearalenone Delays Rat Leydig Cell Regeneration.",
        "abstract": "Zearalenone (ZEA), a fungal mycotoxin, is present in a wide range of human foods. By virtual screening, we have identified that ZEA is a potential endocrine disruptor of Leydig cells. The effect of ZEA on Leydig cell development is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to explore whether ZEA affected Leydig cell developmental process and to clarify the underlying mechanism. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats (60 days old) were randomly divided into three groups and these rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of 75 mg/kg ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS) to eliminate all Leydig cells. Seven days after EDS treatment, rats intratesticularly received normal saline (control) or 150 or 300 ng/testis/day ZEA for 21 days. Immature Leydig cells isolated from 35-day-old rats were treated with ZEA (0.05-50 μM) for 24 h in vitro. In vivo ZEA exposure lowered serum testosterone levels, reduced Leydig cell number, and decreased Leydig cell specific gene or protein expression levels possibly via downregulating the steroidogenic factor 1 (Nr5a1) expression. ZEA in vitro inhibited androgen production and steroidogenic enzyme activities in immature Leydig cells by downregulating expression levels of cholesterol side cleavage enzyme (Cyp11a1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (Hsd3b1), and steroid 5α-reductase 1 (Srd5a1) at a concentration as low as 50 nM. In conclusion, ZEA exposure disrupts Leydig cell development and steroidogenesis possibly via downregulating Nr5a1.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Songyi Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology."
            },
            {
                "name": "Leikai Ma",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Lü",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofang Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingquan Lian",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Dong Jin",
                "org": "The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 31000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "TqFv8APk": {
        "id": "TqFv8APk",
        "title": "[Clinical observation of the phased acupuncture for ischemic stroke hemiplegia].",
        "abstract": "Staged acupuncture combined with conventional rehabilitation are consistent with the rehabilitation rule of patients with hemiplegia. They can improve motor function and the ability of daily life. They achieve better effect than traditional acupuncture combined with rehabilitation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Brunnstrom theory",
            "acupuncture at the acupoints in the antagonistic muscle",
            "hemiplegia",
            "ischemic stroke",
            "rehabilitation",
            "staged acupuncture"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tingting Jin",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tianshen Ye",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenxia Xie",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "84w7r4UT": {
        "id": "84w7r4UT",
        "title": "Fertilisation of polar nuclei and formation of early endosperms in Dendrobium catenatum: evidence for the second fertilisation in Orchidaceae",
        "abstract": "Whether the second fertilisation, i.e. fertilisation of polar nuclei, or fusion of the second sperm with polar nuclei occurs in Orchidaceae has long been controversial because of lack of evidence. In the present study, we observed fusion and fertilisation of polar nuclei and formation of early endosperms in the orchid Dendrobium catenatum Lindl., by using a resin-embedded section technique. As the product of the second fertilisation, the primary endosperm nucleus (fertilised polar nuclei) can last until the global embryo stage, indicating that initiation of endosperm development and that of embryo development were fully asynchronous. The present study demonstrated the occurrence of the second fertilisation in D. catenatum by providing lines of new evidence.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chu Zhang",
                "org": "School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-feng Wang",
                "org": "School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-qi Ao",
                "org": "School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Australian Journal of Botany",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "WeOwXhH8": {
        "id": "WeOwXhH8",
        "title": "Effects of dexmedetomidine on the steroidogenesis of rat immature Leydig cells.",
        "abstract": "Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an imidazole compound, is an anesthetic drug used perioperatively. In the current study, we investigated the effects of DEX on androgen production in rat immature Leydig cells in vitro. Leydig cells isolated from pubertal Sprague Dawley rats were treated with various concentrations of DEX (0.015-1.5 µM) for 3 h and medium 5α-androstanediol and testosterone levels and the expression of Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, Cyp17a1, Hsd17b3, Srd5a1 and Akr1c14 in Leydig cells were determined. At 0.015-1.5 μM, DEX concentration-dependently inhibited androgen secretion and downregulated Cyp17a1 and Srd5a1 mRNA levels. DEX equally blocked the LH- and cAMP-stimulated secretion of androgens. Using the steroid substrates, 22R-hydroxycholesterol (for cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage), pregnenolone (for 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1), progesterone (for cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/C17,C20-lyase), androstenedione (for 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3), testosterone (for steroid 5α-reductase 1), and dihydrotestosterone (for 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase), it was demonstrated that DEX inhibited 22R-hydroxycholesterol, pregnenolone, progesterone, and testosterone-mediated 5α-androstanediol formation at 1.5 μM. Further study demonstrated that DEX also directly inhibited rat testis cholesterol side chain cleavage, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenation, and 17α-hydroxylation at 1.5 μM. DEX induced ROS production and increased apoptosis rate in immature Leydig cells after 24-h treatment at ≥0.15 μM. In conclusion, DEX directly inhibits the activities of some steroidogenic enzymes and downregulates the expression of Cyp17a1 and Srd5a1, and increases ROS production, thus leading to lower production of androgens in immature Leydig cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "dexmedetomidine",
            "immature Leydig cells",
            "steroidogenesis",
            "steroids",
            "testosterone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yiyan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaobo Ni",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yinghui Fang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Keyang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenwen Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Han Lin",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihua Fan",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 323000, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: flh2222@sina.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: r_ge@yahoo.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Steroids",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "wSJDBcph": {
        "id": "wSJDBcph",
        "title": "Propofol Inhibits Androgen Production in Rat Immature Leydig Cells.",
        "abstract": " Propofol is a widely used anesthetic. Whether propofol inhibits androgen production by rat Leydig cells and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of propofol exposure to rat primary immature Leydig cells and to define propofol-induced inhibition of steroidogenic enzymes in both rat and human testes .  Immature Leydig cells were purified from 35-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats and were exposed to propofol for 3 h. The androgen production by Leydig cells under basal, luteinizing hormone, 8bromo-cAMP, and steroid-substrate stimulated conditions and gene expression of Leydig cells after exposure to propofol were measured. Immature Leydig cells were treated with propofol for 3 h and switched to propofol-free medium for additional 3 and 9 h to test whether propofol-induced inhibition is reversible. H-Steroids were used to evaluate the direct action of propofol on cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage (CYP11A1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B), cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 (HSD17B3) activities in rat and human testes .  Propofol significantly lowered luteinizing hormone and 8bromo-cAMP stimulated androgen production by Leydig cells after 3-h exposure. Further investigation showed that propofol down-regulated the expression of  and  and their proteins at 5 and 50 µM, although it up-regulated  expression at 50 µM. Propofol significantly suppressed phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and induced ROS production in immature Leydig cells at 5 and 50 µM. Propofol significantly induced apoptosis of immature Leydig cells at 50 µM. Propofol specifically inhibited rat and human testis HSD3B activities . The half maximal inhibitory concentrations of propofol for rat and human HSD3B enzymes were 1.011 ± 0.065 and 3.498 ± 0.067 µM, respectively. The mode of action of propofol of inhibiting HSD3B was competitive when pregnenolone was added. At 50 µM, propofol did not directly inhibit rat and human testis CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and HSD17B3 activities .  Propofol inhibits androgen production  both directly inhibiting HSD3B activity and down-regulating  and  expression in Leydig cells. Suppression of steroidogenic enzymes is presumably associated with the lower production of androgen by Leydig cells after propofol treatment. However, propofol-induced inhibition on androgen production is reversible.",
        "keywords": [
            "CYP11A1",
            "CYP17A1",
            "HSD3B",
            "Leydig cells",
            "propofol",
            "steroidogenesis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yiyan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaobo Ni",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Keyang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenwen Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingquan Lian",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in pharmacology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ptd43LYJ": {
        "id": "ptd43LYJ",
        "title": "Pain management of surgical abortion using transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation: An orthogonal prospective study.",
        "abstract": "During surgical abortion, TEAS stimulation from 15 min before operation to immediate postoperative, SP 6 and LR 3, age 25.1-30.0 years and G P A were associated with the best analgesic effect.",
        "keywords": [
            "orthogonal design",
            "pain",
            "surgical abortion",
            "transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zedong Wang",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liang Zhao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pinjie Chen",
                "org": "Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Linchai Zeng",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenxia Xie",
                "org": "Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "P5tEzLus": {
        "id": "P5tEzLus",
        "title": "Lambda-cyhalothrin delays pubertal Leydig cell development in rats.",
        "abstract": "Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a widely used broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide and is expected to cause deleterious effects on the male reproductive system. However, the effects of LCT on Leydig cell development during puberty are unclear. The current study addressed these effects. Twenty-eight-day-old male Sprague Dawley rats orally received LCT (0, 0.25, 0.5 or 1 mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days. The levels of serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone, Leydig cell number, and its specific gene and protein expression were determined. LCT exposure lowered serum testosterone levels at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg and luteinizing hormone levels at a dose of 1 mg/kg, but increased follicle-stimulating hormone levels at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg. LCT lowered Star and Hsd3b1 mRNA or their protein levels at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Immature Leydig cells were purified from pubertal rats and treated with different concentrations of LCT for 24 h and medium androgen levels, Leydig cell mRNA and protein levels, the mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm), and the apoptotic rate of immature Leydig cells were investigated. LCT inhibited androgen production at 5 μM and downregulated Scarb1 at 0.05 μM, Hsd3b1 and Hsd11b1 at 0.5 μM, and Cyp11a1 at 5 μM. LCT also decreased △Ψm at 0.5 and 50 μM. In conclusion, LCT can influence the function of Leydig cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "Development",
            "Lambda-cyhalothrin",
            "Leydig cells",
            "Mitochondrial membrane potential",
            "Rat"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huitao Li",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yinghui Fang",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaobo Ni",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuxiu Chen",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaying Mo",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Lv",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingquan Lian",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China. Electronic address: r_ge@yahoo.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "zuYXfgKz": {
        "id": "zuYXfgKz",
        "title": "Triphenyltin Chloride Delays Leydig Cell Maturation During Puberty in Rats.",
        "abstract": "Triphenyltin chloride (TPT) is present in a wide range of human foods. TPT could disrupt testis function as a potential endocrine disruptor of Leydig cells. However, the effect of TPT on pubertal Leydig cell development is still unclear. The objective of the current study was to explore whether exposure to TPT affected Leydig cell developmental process and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley rats at 35 days of age were randomly divided into four groups and received normal corn oil (control), 0.5, 1, or 2 mg/kg/day TPT for 18 days. Immature Leydig cells isolated from 35-day-old rat testes were treated with TPT (10 and 100 nM) for 24 h .  exposure to ≥0.5 mg/kg TPT lowered serum testosterone levels and lowered  mRNA. TPT at 2 mg/kg also lowered , , ,  as well as pAKT1/AKT1, pAKT2/AKT2, and pERK1/2/ERK1/2 ratios.  exposure to TPT (100 nM) increased ROS production and induced cell apoptosis rate in rat immature Leydig cells. In conclusion, TPT exposure disrupts Leydig cell development possibly via interfering with the phosphorylation of AKT1, AKT2, and ERK1/2 kinases.",
        "keywords": [
            "Leydig cells",
            "ROS",
            "apoptosis",
            "development",
            "kinase",
            "rats",
            "reproductive toxicity",
            "triphenyltin"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Linchao Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lubin Xie",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Leikai Ma",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tongliang Huang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lanlan Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tingting Hong",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiqi Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingwang Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in pharmacology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "kt9kV52f": {
        "id": "kt9kV52f",
        "title": "Enrichment of cancer stem cells by agarose multi-well dishes and 3D spheroid culture.",
        "abstract": "As the theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is maturing, CSC-targeted therapy is emerging as an important therapeutic strategy and seeking the ideal method for rapid enrichment and purification of CSCs has become crucial. So far, based on the known CSC phenotypes and biological characteristics, the methods for enrichment CSCs mainly include low adhesion culture, low oxygen culture, chemotherapy drug stimulation and side population (SP) sorting but these methods cannot realize quick enrichment of the desired CSCs. Herein, we adopt a novel method that efficiently enriches a certain amount of CSCs through agarose multi-well dishes using rubber micro-molds to make cancer cells into cell spheroids (3D). These 3D cancer cell spheroids in the proportions of expression of CSC biomarkers (single stain of CD44, CD44v6 and CD133 or double stain of both CD44 and CD133) were significantly higher than those of the conventional adherent culture (2D) using flow cytometry analysis. In addition, the expression levels of stemness transcription factors such as OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 in 3D were also significantly higher than that in 2D through Western blot (WB) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. In addition, the CSCs in 3D could form colonies with different sizes in soft agar. In conclusion, we developed a new method to enrich some kinds of CSCs, which might be a benefit for future CSC-targeted therapy studies and anti-CSC drug screening applications.",
        "keywords": [
            "2D",
            "3D",
            "Cancer stem cell",
            "Enrichment",
            "Spheroid"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Guo",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiping Ji",
                "org": "Department of Gastroenetrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Li",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Renshan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China. r_ge@yahoo.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cell and tissue research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "4qI4Tguh": {
        "id": "4qI4Tguh",
        "title": "Delayed puberty by ziram is associated with down-regulation of testicular phosphorylated AKT1 and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling.",
        "abstract": "Ziram is a dimethyldithiocarbamate fungicide, which may influence the male reproductive system as a potential endocrine disruptor. We interrogated the disruption of ziram on rat progenitor Leydig cell development. Prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with 0, 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg ziram for 2 weeks. We investigated the effects of ziram on serum testosterone levels, Leydig cell number, and Leydig and Sertoli cell gene and protein expression, SIRT1/PGC-1α levels and phosphorylation of AKT1, ERK1/2, and AMPK in vivo. We also interrogated the effects of ziram on reactive oxidative species (ROS) level, apoptosis rate, and mitochondrial membrane potential of progenitor Leydig cells in vitro. Ziram decreased serum testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels, the down-regulated Leydig cell-specific gene (Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3) and their protein expression. However, ziram stimulated anti-Müllerian hormone production. Ziram lowered SIRT1/PGC-1α and phosphorylated protein levels of AKT1. Ziram induced ROS and apoptosis and lowered the mitochondrial membrane potential of progenitor Leydig cells in vitro. In conclusion, ziram disrupts Leydig cell development during the prepubertal period potentially through the SIRT1/PGC-1α and phosphorylated AKT1 signaling.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lubin Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaying Mo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Linchao Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lanlan Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Leikai Ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Junzhao Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical research in toxicology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "kPYWCc4P": {
        "id": "kPYWCc4P",
        "title": "Diverged Effects of Piperine on Testicular Development: Stimulating Leydig Cell Development but Inhibiting Spermatogenesis in Rats.",
        "abstract": " Piperine is the primary pungent alkaloid isolated from the fruit of black peppercorns. Piperine is used frequently in dietary supplements and traditional medicines. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of piperine on the testis development in the pubertal rat.  Piperine (0 or 5 or 10 mg/kg) was gavaged to 35-day-old male Sprague-Dawley rats for 30 days. Serum levels of testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured. The development of adult Leydig cell population was also analyzed 65 days postpartum. For  studies, immature Leydig cells were isolated from 35-day-old male rats and treated with 50 μM piperine in the presence of different steroidogenic stimulators/substrates for 24 h.  Thirty-day treatment of rats with piperine significantly increased serum T levels without affecting LH concentrations. However, piperine treatment reduced serum FSH levels. Consistent with increase in serum T, piperine increased Leydig cell number, cell size, and multiple steroidogenic pathway proteins, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, 17α-hydroxylase/20-lyase, and steroidogenic factor 1 expression levels. Piperine significantly increased the ratio of phospho-AKT1 (pAKT1)/AKT1, phosphos-AKT2 (pAKT2)/AKT2, and phospho-ERK1/2 (pERK1/2)/ERK1/2 in the testis. Interestingly, piperine inhibited spermatogenesis. Piperine  also increased androgen production and stimulated cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme and 17α-hydroxylase/20-lyase activities in immature Leydig cells.  Piperine stimulates pubertal Leydig cell development by increasing Leydig cell number and promoting its maturation while it inhibits spermatogenesis in the rat. ERK1/2 and AKT pathways may involve in the piperine-mediated stimulation of Leydig cell development.",
        "keywords": [
            "3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase",
            "Leydig cell development",
            "cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme",
            "piperine",
            "rat",
            "spermatogenesis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianpeng Liu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Suhao Bao",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dongli Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tongliang Huang",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiqi Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingquan Lian",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in pharmacology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "yQZrL1gd": {
        "id": "yQZrL1gd",
        "title": "Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived conditional medium promotes Leydig cell anti-apoptosis and proliferation via autophagy and Wnt/β-catenin pathway.",
        "abstract": "Leydig cell transplantation is a better alternative in the treatment of androgen-deficient males. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived conditioned medium (iPS-CM) on the anti-apoptosis, proliferation and function of immature Leydig cells (ILCs), and illuminate the underlying mechanisms. ILCs were exposed to 200 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H O ) for 24 hours with or without iPS-CM treatments. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell cycle assays and EdU staining. The steroidogenic enzyme expressions were quantified with Western blotting. The results showed that iPS-CM significantly reduced H O -induced ILC apoptosis through down-regulation of autophagic and apoptotic proteins LC3-I/II, Beclin-1, P62, P53 and BAX as well as up-regulation of BCL-2, which could be inhibited by LY294002 (25 μmol/L). iPS-CM could also promote ILC proliferation through up-regulation of β-catenin and its target proteins cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin, but was inhibited by XAV939 (10 μmol/L). The level of bFGF in iPS-CM was higher than that of DMEM-LG. Exogenous bFGF (20 ng/mL) or Wnt signalling agonist lithium chloride (LiCl) (20 mmol/L) added into DMEM-LG could achieve the similar effects of iPS-CM. Meanwhile, iPS-CM could improve the medium testosterone levels and up-regulation of LHCGR, SCARB1, STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, CYP17A1, HSD17B3 and SF-1 in H O -induced ILCs. In conclusion, iPS-CM could reduce H O -induced ILC apoptosis through the activation of autophagy, promote proliferation through up-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and enhance testosterone production through increasing steroidogenic enzyme expressions, which might be used in regenerative medicine for future.",
        "keywords": [
            "apoptosis",
            "immature Leydig cells",
            "induced pluripotent stem cell-derived conditional medium",
            "pathway",
            "proliferation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Guo",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tingting Hong",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yue Duan",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Li",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Renshan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of cellular and molecular medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "7myawc5e": {
        "id": "7myawc5e",
        "title": "In utero exposure to hexavalent chromium disrupts rat fetal testis development.",
        "abstract": "Hexavalent chromium (Cr) acts as an endocrine disruptor. Herein, we investigated effects of Cr on the development of rat fetal Leydig and Sertoli cells, which support differentiation of the male reproductive tract in late gestation. Female pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were gavaged with potassium dichromate (0, 3, 6, and 12 mg/kg) from gestational days (GD) 12 to GD 21. Leydig and Sertoli cell function was evaluated by investigating serum testosterone levels, cell number and distribution, and the expression levels of Leydig and Sertoli cell genes and proteins. Cr increased serum testosterone level at dose of 3 mg/kg (1.170 ± 0.121 ng/ml vs. 0.720 ± 0.082 ng/ml in the control), while lowered it at dose of 12 mg/kg (0.400 ± 0.098 ng/ml). In addition, it showed that Cr dose-dependently reduced Leydig cell size and cytoplasmic size and decreased the percentage of medium fetal Leydig cell cluster at dose of 12 mg/kg. Further study demonstrated that the expression of Leydig cell (Lhcgr, Scarb1, and Hsd3b1) and Sertoli cell (Fshr, Pdgfa, and Lif) genes in the testis was upregulated at dose of 3 mg/kg while the expression of Lhcgr, Hsd17b3 and Igf1 was downregulated by Cr at dose of 12 mg/kg. In conclusion, Cr had biphasic effects on fetal Leydig cell development with low dose to stimulate testosterone production and high dose to inhibit it, possibly via biphasically regulating growth factor gene expression in fetal Sertoli cells.",
        "keywords": [
            "Hexavalent chromium",
            "cell and cytoplasmic size",
            "cell distribution",
            "fetal Leydig cells",
            "fetal Sertoli cell",
            "testosterone"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenwen Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Keyang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Lv",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingquan Lian",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. Electronic address: lianqingquanmd@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ren-Shan Ge",
                "org": "Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. Electronic address: r_ge@yahoo.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Toxicology letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "tCc5qmM3": {
        "id": "tCc5qmM3",
        "title": "Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into Leydig-like cells with molecular compounds.",
        "abstract": "Leydig cells (LCs) play crucial roles in producing testosterone, which is critical in the regulation of male reproduction and development. Low levels of testosterone will lead to male hypogonadism. LC transplantation is a promising alternative therapy for male hypogonadism. However, the source of LCs limits this strategy for clinical applications. Thus far, others have reported that LCs can be derived from stem cells by gene transfection, but the safe and effective induction method has not yet been reported. Here, we report that Leydig-like cells can be derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using a novel differentiation protocol based on molecular compounds. The iPSCs-derived Leydig-like cells (iPSC-LCs) acquired testosterone synthesis capabilities, had the similar gene expression profiles with LCs, and positively expressed Leydig cell lineage-specific protein markers LHCGR, STAR, SCARB1, SF-1, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, and HSD17B3 as well as negatively expressed iPSC-specific markers NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2. When iPSC-LCs labeled with lipophilic red dye (PKH26) were transplanted into rat testes that were selectively eliminated endogenous LCs using EDS (75 mg/kg), the transplanted iPSC-LCs could survive and function in the interstitium of testes, and accelerate the recovery of serum testosterone levels and testis weights. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that the iPSCs were able to be differentiated into Leydig-like cells by few defined molecular compounds, which may lay the safer groundwork for further clinical application of iPSC-LCs for hypogonadism.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianwu Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Li",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Xi",
                "org": "Reproductive Medicine Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shenzhi Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Leikai Ma",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhangye Xu",
                "org": "Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Han",
                "org": "Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junzhao Zhao",
                "org": "Reproductive Medicine Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Renshan Ge",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. r_ge@yahoo.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Guo",
                "org": "Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. guoxling@hotmail.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cell death & disease",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "GkmpBUM0": {
        "id": "GkmpBUM0",
        "title": "A 0.08mm2 25.5-to-29.9GHz Multi-Resonant-RLCM-Tank VCO Using a Single-Turn Multi-Tap Inductor and CM-Only Capacitors Achieving 191.6dBc/Hz FoM and 130kHz 1/f3 PN Corner.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hao Guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISSCC",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "sfsWJfx9": {
        "id": "sfsWJfx9",
        "title": "16.8 A 25.4-to-29.5GHz 10.2mW Isolated Sub-Sampling PLL Achieving -252.9dB Jitter-Power FoM and -63dBc Reference Spur",
        "abstract": "Recent mm-wave PLLs have explored different architectures to enhance their jitter performance at low power. Without noisy loop components, the injection-locked PLL in [1] using a GHz reference (REF=2.25 GHz) can effectively suppress the integrated jitter ($86fs _{mathrm{rms}})$, resulting in a better jitter-power FoM (-247.2dB). Yet, high-frequency REF injection leads to large spur (-32dBc), entailing continuous frequency tracking to withstand the PVT variations. Also, at the system level, the GHz REF has to be generated on-chip (i.e., cascaded PLLs). The power overhead, e.g., additional 20mW in [2], and unwanted coupling between the two VCOs become inevitable. To this end, direct-synthesis mm-wave PLLs using a MHz REF are of higher interest, despite the challenge of a large division ratio (N). An example is a Type-II mm-wave PLL reported in [3] that achieves $115fs_{mathrm{rms}}$ integrated jitter, but the involved divider, charge pump (CP), and VCO totally draw 31mW to suppress the in-band and out-of-band phase noise (PN).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zunsong Yang",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiheng Yang",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international solid-state circuits conference",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "J01fJ4Bc": {
        "id": "J01fJ4Bc",
        "title": "26.2 A 0.08mm2 25.5-to-29.9GHz Multi-Resonant-RLCM-Tank VCO Using a Single-Turn Multi-Tap Inductor and CM-Only Capacitors Achieving 191.6dBc/Hz FoM and 130kHz 1/f3 PN Corner",
        "abstract": "VCO designs have evolved from single-resonant LC-tank VCOs to the recent multi- resonant RLCM(Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor-Mutual-inductance) tank VCOs that allow reshaping of VCO phase-noise (PN) impulse sensitivity function (ISF). Two recent RF VCOs [1, 2] exploited the $ 2^{cap mathrm {d}_{-}}$harmonic resonance to impede the flicker- noise upconversion, achieving an Fo$mathrm {M}_{@1mathrm {M}mathrm {H}mathrm {z}}$ of up to 195.4dBc/Hz (Fig. 26.2.1). Specifically, the RLCM tank in [1] tailors a multi-turn inductor with a positive mutual coupling factor (ku003e0) to generate an implicit common-mode (CM) resonance at 2($mathrm {F}_{0mathrm {S}mathrm {C}}$)(0) 50% [2]$Uparrow Uparrow $ 0$_{0mathrm {S}mathrm {C}}2mathrm {F}_{0mathrm {S}mathrm {C}}$1$mathrm {f}^{2}$ 0 1$mathrm {f}^{3}$ [1, 2] ($mathrm {C}_{mathrm {D}mathrm {M}}$)",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hao Guo",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": "Instituto Superior Tecnico/University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international solid-state circuits conference",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "BtHNgk51": {
        "id": "BtHNgk51",
        "title": "A 0.044-mm 0.5-to-7-GHz Resistor-Plus-Source-Follower-Feedback Noise-Cancelling LNA Achieving a Flat NF of 3.3±0.45 dB.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haohong Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenyang Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "veWDVyuH": {
        "id": "veWDVyuH",
        "title": "A 0.013-mm 2 0.53-mW/Gb/s 32-Gb/s Hybrid Analog Equalizer Under 21-dB Channel Loss in 65-nm CMOS",
        "abstract": "Low-power and low-jitter equalization techniques become increasingly crucial for the wire-line receivers operating at data rates more than tens of gigabits per second. This brief reports an inductorless and power-efficient 32-Gb/s hybrid analog equalizer. The hybrid analog equalizer utilizes a triple-gate control to achieve equalization over a range of channel loss resulting in an inductorless and area-efficient design. The triple-gate controls entail that a low-frequency equalization is achieved in addition to the intermediate and high-frequency equalization, at minimum area overhead. The prototype is realized in a 65-nm CMOS, occupying a compact active area of 0.013 mm 2 . The maximum equalization achieved is 21 dB at Nyquist with a measured peak-to-peak data jitter of 5.25 ps (0.17 unit interval) at 32 Gb/s for a 2 31  – 1 pseudorandom bit sequence signal. The measurement shows a vertical eye-opening recovery rate of up to 61% at 32 Gb/s, for a channel loss of 21 dB. The prototype exhibits a competitive power efficiency of 0.53 mW/Gb/s under a supply voltage of 1.2 V.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Arya Balachandran",
                "org": "VIRTUS, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": "VIRTUS, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "0y37Lrme": {
        "id": "0y37Lrme",
        "title": "A 36-Gb/s 1.3-mW/Gb/s Duobinary-Signal Transmitter Exploiting Power-Efficient Cross-Quadrature Clocking Multiplexers With Maximized Timing Margin.",
        "abstract": "For wireline transmitters delivering a high-speed multi-level signal, such as pulse-amplitude-modulation-4 or duobinary, a high-performance multiplexer (MUX) is critical to serialize the low-speed parallel data into one full-speed output. To enhance the power efficiency and data eye’s opening, this paper proposes a universal 2-to-1 MUX, featuring a cross-quadrature clocking technique to enlarge the timing margin, and a simplified three-latch topology without delay buffers to boost the internal bandwidth (BW). The MUX ratios are extendable to 4-to-2 and 4-to-1, and their benefits are exemplified via a duobinary-signal transmitter. It further includes an output driver unifying the MUX-and-SUM operation, a BW-extended single-to-differential converter, and an active-inductor-embedded clock buffer for swing enhancement. Also, a predictive method for estimating the duobinary-signal data-dependent jitter according to the load capacitance of the output driver is developed. Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS, the transmitter exhibits a figure-of-merit of 1.3 mW/Gb/s at 36 Gb/s, while occupying a compact die area of 0.037 mm 2 .",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": "Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "MYvAT0ca": {
        "id": "MYvAT0ca",
        "title": "An Area-Efficient and Tunable Bandwidth- Extension Technique for a Wideband CMOS Amplifier Handling 50+ Gb/s Signaling",
        "abstract": "This paper reports an area-efficient and tunable bandwidth (BW)-extension technique for a wideband CMOS amplifier to handle very high rate (50+ Gb/s) signaling while keeping a low jitter penalty. We identify its architectural advantages by correlating the performances with the frequency domain (magnitude and group delay (GD) responses) and time domain (impulse and step responses) and comparing them with the existing solutions. Specifically, our technique enables a flexible ac characteristic by introducing a tunable grounded active inductor in the bridged-shunt peaking topology, offering: 1) a high BW enhancement ratio (BWER =    $2.65times$   ); 2) BW-power scalability with small in-band gain variation; and 3) fine tunability of the passband gain without affecting the BW, GD, and power. The experimental prototype is a 65-nm CMOS four-stage differential amplifier occupying just 0.0077 mm 2 . It delivers a 15-dB gain over a 43-GHz BW with 45-mW power consumption. Small in-band gain variation (0.58 dB) and ripple (1.53 dB) are concurrently achieved with low in-band GD variation (17 to 35.3 ps) and ripple (18.3 ps). The achieved figure of merit of 5.48 [(dc Gain    $times$    BW)/Power] compares favorably with the prior art.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "VIRTUS, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macao, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haohong Yu",
                "org": "VIRTUS, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": "VIRTUS, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Paulo Martins",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macao, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "IK1om8UR": {
        "id": "IK1om8UR",
        "title": "A 27-Gb/s Time-Interleaved Duobinary Transmitter Achieving 1.44-mW/Gb/s FOM in 65-nm CMOS",
        "abstract": "A time-interleaved duobinary transmitter featuring four-way data retiming and a simplified latch + D flip-flop topology to improve the power efficiency and opening of the data eye is reported. A modified bridged shunt-peaking load using a grounded active inductor is also introduced to enhance the operational speed area efficiently. Finally, the two multiplexers, serving directly as the output driver, are summed in the current domain to avoid an extra adder. The prototype exhibits a figure-of-merit of 1.44 mW/Gb/s at 27 Gb/s, and the die area is merely 0.027 mm 2  in 65-nm CMOS.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macao, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macao, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": "Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Paulo Martins",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macao, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "MooE0f63": {
        "id": "MooE0f63",
        "title": "A 25.4-to-29.5GHz 10.2mW Isolated Sub-Sampling PLL Achieving -252.9dB Jitter-Power FoM and -63dBc Reference Spur.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zunsong Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiheng Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISSCC",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "DMZ8Le1L": {
        "id": "DMZ8Le1L",
        "title": "A 0.044-mm 2 0.5-to-7-GHz Resistor-Plus-Source-Follower-Feedback Noise-Cancelling LNA Achieving a Flat NF of 3.3±0.45 dB",
        "abstract": "A wideband noise-cancelling low-noise amplifier (LNA) combining resistor feedback and source-follower feedback (SFF) is proposed. The SFF facilitates upsizing of the feedback resistor to improve the gain and noise figure (NF), without compromising the input-impedance matching. Another benefit is that the noise contributions of both the feedback resistor and noise-cancelling transistors are significantly reduced. Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS, the LNA exhibits a voltage gain of 16.8 dB, and a flat NF of 3.3 ± 0.45 dB over a −3-dB bandwidth of 0.5 to 7 GHz. The power consumption is 11.3 mW at 1.2 V, and the die area is 0.044 mm 2 .",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haohong Yu",
                "org": "School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": "School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenyang Li",
                "org": "School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Ii-express Briefs",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "fZSQl8bF": {
        "id": "fZSQl8bF",
        "title": "A 0.013-mm2 0.53-mW/Gb/s 32-Gb/s Hybrid Analog Equalizer Under 21-dB Channel Loss in 65-nm CMOS.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Arya Balachandran",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Trans. VLSI Syst.",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "VMDHe1E3": {
        "id": "VMDHe1E3",
        "title": "A Wideband Inductorless dB-Linear Automatic Gain Control Amplifier Using a Single-Branch Negative Exponential Generator for Wireline Applications.",
        "abstract": "This paper reports a wideband inductorless automatic gain control (AGC) amplifier for wireline applications. To realize a dB-linear AGC range, a pseudo-folded Gilbert cell driven by a single-branch negative exponential generator (NEG) is proposed as the core variable-gain amplifier. The NEG features a composite of dual Taylor series to extend the AGC approximation range without sacrificing the precision. Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS, the AGC amplifier occupies a tiny die area of 0.045 mm 2  and consumes 28 mW at 1.2 V. Measured over a dB-linear gain range of ~40 dB,  pp  to 1 V pp ) for a BER  −12  under a 2 7  − 1 PRBS data at 10 Gb/s. The achieved figure-of-merit (FOM) of 2.8 pJ/bit compares favorably with state-of-the-art.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lingshan Kong",
                "org": "Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": "Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui P. Martins",
                "org": "State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macau, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Z6DrUWmT": {
        "id": "Z6DrUWmT",
        "title": "0.058 mm2 13 Gbit/s inductorless analogue equaliser with low-frequency equalisation compensating 15 dB channel loss",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Arya Balachandran",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Pilsoon Choi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electronics Letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Q6Dmre8Z": {
        "id": "Q6Dmre8Z",
        "title": "A 4.06 mW 10-bit 150 MS/s SAR ADC With 1.5-bit/cycle Operation for Medical Imaging Applications",
        "abstract": "This paper reports a 10-bit 150 MS/s successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter with binary-scaled redundancy-facilitated error correction technique. The proposed 1.5-bit/cycle technique with built-in capacitive digital-to-analog converter (CDAC) redundancy, corrects multiple erroneous decisions in a total of nine conversion cycles. The proposed binary-scaled redundancy provides a 12.5% error tolerance range for the incomplete CDAC voltage settling. The digital error-correction logic circuit presented uses a bit-overlap-and-add technique. The prototype chip was fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology and occupies chip area of 0.038 mm 2 . It consumes 4.06 mW from a 1.2 V supply, achieving the Nyquist signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio of 57.81 dB and the effective number of bits of 9.31-bit at an operating frequency of 150 MS/s, corresponding to the figure-of-merit of 42.6 fJ/ conversion-step.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sharma Sunny",
                "org": "VIRTUS, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, Macao, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chirn Chye Boon",
                "org": "VIRTUS, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Sensors Journal",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "8HcTUjJd": {
        "id": "8HcTUjJd",
        "title": "A Cloud-Based Evaluation System for Science-and-Engineering Students.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peiling Xu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPCSEE",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Hh8z67Uy": {
        "id": "Hh8z67Uy",
        "title": "The Research and Implementation of a Distributed Crawler System Based on Apache Flink.",
        "abstract": "Web information is growing at an explosive rate. The crawling ability of the single-machine crawler becomes the bottleneck, so distributed web crawling techniques become the focus of research. However, the existing distributed web crawler systems have some shortcomings. Thread management for solving thread synchronization and resource competition is usually designed by using pure multi-thread asynchronous methods. But the execution of this mechanism observably reduces the performance. Moreover, the deduplication algorithms lead to low efficiency in dealing with large data sets or the problem of occupying large storage space. Therefore, we propose and implement a distributed web crawler system based on Apache Flink, which combines and integrates the Mesos/Marathon framework. It can make full use of the computing resources of the cluster and significantly improve the efficiency of the web crawler system. Taking the data of Netease news pages as an example, the experimental results show that the distributed crawler proposed has higher execution efficiency and reliability.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongfei Jing",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICA3PP",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "VrjRV5Hw": {
        "id": "VrjRV5Hw",
        "title": "Research and Implementation of an Aquaculture Monitoring System Based on Flink, MongoDB and Kafka.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuansheng Lou",
                "org": "College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Chen",
                "org": "College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": "Hohai Univ"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Postdoctoral Centre, Nanjing Longyuan Micro-Electronic Company"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zihao Liu",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "vHsxawhC": {
        "id": "vHsxawhC",
        "title": "Developing Cloud-Based Tools for Water Resources Data Analysis Using R and Shiny.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "EIDWT",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "pMipdXsI": {
        "id": "pMipdXsI",
        "title": "A Scheduling Algorithm Based on User Satisfaction Degree in Cloud Environment.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Huang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICPCSEE",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "MG2LO7rO": {
        "id": "MG2LO7rO",
        "title": "The Research of a Lightweight Distributed Crawling System.",
        "abstract": "Nowadays, information on the Internet is growing at an explosive rate. The ability of the stand-alone web crawling system has come to its bottleneck, so more and more companies turn to distributed web crawling techniques. However, existing distributed web crawling systems have some shortcomings. Thread management modules for solving thread synchronization and resource competition are usually designed by using pure multithread asynchronous methods, but the execution of this kind of modules observably reduces the performance. Moreover, the deduplication algorithms lead to low efficiency in dealing with large data sets or the problem of occupying large storage space. To solve the problems mentioned above, this paper proposes a lightweight and practical distributed crawling system, which combines Docker and distributed computing techniques. It can make full use of the computing resources of the cluster and improve the efficiency of the crawling system effectively. Taking the data of Netease news page as an example, the experimental results show that the distributed crawler proposed has higher execution efficiency.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": "Hohai University, College of Computer and Information, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongfei Jing",
                "org": "Hohai University, College of Computer and Information, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Huang",
                "org": "Hohai University, College of Computer and Information, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing Longyuan Micro-Electronic Company, Postdoctoral centre, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "SERA",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "rMhpIaxP": {
        "id": "rMhpIaxP",
        "title": "Research on Android Application Package Stealth Download Hijacking",
        "abstract": "Nowadays during the distributing and downloading of Android application packages, it is always be vulnerable to download hijacking attacks. Traffic analysis could be used by sites to detect if they are under this kind of regular download hijacking attacks. Unlike the regular ones, the stealth download hijacking attacks cannot be discovered by using such a method. By studying in an actual case, this paper presents a vulnerability of android application package download hijacking, which can be exploited to implement a stealth download hijacking by deploying bypass devices. And the victim sites can hardly notice it by using current methods. The cause, influence and mechanism of the exploit are discussed in this paper, and we also strive to give a solution for it.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiao Fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhijian Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhu Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhang Yihua",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DEStech Transactions on Computer Science and Engineering",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "RI8Lt0Hj": {
        "id": "RI8Lt0Hj",
        "title": "A Study of the Visualization Tool for Computer Science Majors’ Capability Assessment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Huang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Information and Education Technology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ue1lwmRq": {
        "id": "ue1lwmRq",
        "title": "Talking Avatar: An Intelligent Mobile Application Based on Third-Party Cloud Services",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Feng Ye",
                "org": "Hohai University, Nanjing, China & Nanjing Longyuan Micro-Electronic Company, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qian Huang",
                "org": "Hohai University, Nanjing, China & Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengyan Wu",
                "org": "Hohai University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing Longyuan Micro-Electronic Company, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "pdWht1y1": {
        "id": "pdWht1y1",
        "title": "Effect of Tea Saponin-Treated Host Plants on Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes in Larvae of the Diamondback Moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).",
        "abstract": "Tea saponin (TS) is extracted from the seeds of the tea plant and is generally regarded as a safe compound that has insecticidal properties and can act synergistically with other compounds. In this study, the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were compared in midgut tissues of third instar larvae of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). The larvae were fed on three different host plants, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata [Capparales: Brassicaceae]), radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radiculus Persi [Capparales: Brassicaceae]), or rape (Brassica campestris L. [Capparales: Brassicaceae]), that had been treated with TS. Higher SOD, POD, and CAT activities were found in DBM larvae fed on cabbage after LC20 (concentration that induced 20% larval mortality) or LC50 (concentration that induced 50% larval mortality) treatment than on the control. On rape, TS treatments led to lower SOD and CAT activities than in the control and to higher POD activities after 24 h. MDA content increased in larvae fed on rape but decreased in larvae fed on radish after 12 h. Our results indicated that DBM larvae are more susceptible to TS on rape than on cabbage and radish, suggesting that this treatment may be an economic and effective means of controlling DBM on rape.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shuo Lin",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yixin Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Bai",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongjiao Cai",
                "org": "FisheryCollege, Jimei University, Xiamen, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Houjun Tian",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Zhao",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guang Yang",
                "org": "Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Gu",
                "org": "Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kadarkarai Murugan",
                "org": "Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental entomology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pdv5A0Dl": {
        "id": "pdv5A0Dl",
        "title": "Effects of spirodiclofen on life history traits and population growth of a spider mite predator Oligota flavicornis (Coleoptera: Staphyllinidae) based on the age-stage two-sex life table theory.",
        "abstract": "A proper combination of the O. flavicornis and spirodiclofen to control the spider mite, while avoiding the side effect of spirodiclofen, could be achieved based on the knowledge of life tables. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Oligota flavicornis",
            "development",
            "life table",
            "reproduction",
            "spirodiclofen"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Lin",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong You",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao-Hua Zeng",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Xin Chen",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hsin Chi",
                "org": "Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin-Mei Xia",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Wei Zhao",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou-Jun Tian",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pest management science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "DbvPCrYM": {
        "id": "DbvPCrYM",
        "title": "Molecular cloning, expression profiling, and functional analysis of a broad-complex isoform 2/3 (Br-Z2/Z3) transcription factor in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.).",
        "abstract": "The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a widespread and destructive pest of cruciferous crops. New strategies for controlling it are needed because it is rapidly developing resistance to conventional pesticides. In insects, transcription factors (TFs) including broad-complex (Br-C) are thought to be useful for insecticide development because they are able to regulate the transcription of functional genes involved in responses to external stimuli including insecticides. In the present study, we cloned and sequenced the open reading frames (ORFs) of three BTB-ZF encoding genes from the diamondback moth deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database under accessions MG753773, MG288674, and MG753772. The lengths of these ORFs were 1,680, 1,428, and 1,647 bp, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis based on the predicted amino acid sequences of ZF domains showed that MG753773 and MG288674 belonged to Z2/Z3 and Z7 of Br-C while MG753772 belonged to Ttk types. In the agreement, the highest expression level of MG753773 occurred during the prepupal stage, MG288674 and MG753772 were expressed during all stages and peaked in the adult and egg stages, respectively. RNA interference silencing of MG753773 in the late third instar larvae significantly decreased survival and pupation of the insects. With precocene II, transcription of MG753773 increased (4×) in the fourth instar larva 24 hr later; 48 hr later the rate of prepupation and pupation was significantly higher. These findings will contribute to the development of new regulators of the growth and development for diamondback moth control.",
        "keywords": [
            "Plutella xylostella",
            "RNA interference",
            "broad-complex isoform 2/3",
            "expression profiling",
            "metamorphosis",
            "open reading frame",
            "precocene II"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jingfei Huang",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Fang",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuai Wang",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Liu",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yixin Chen",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Houjun Tian",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuo Lin",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sufen Tian",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Gu",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "BJamGpWS": {
        "id": "BJamGpWS",
        "title": "Distribution of Pheromone Biosynthesis-Activating Neuropeptide in the Central Nervous System of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).",
        "abstract": "Insect neuropeptides in the pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN) family are actively involved in many essential endocrinal functions and serve as potential targets in the search for novel insect control agents. Here, we dissect the nervous system of larval, pupal, and adult Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and describe the ganglion morphology and localization of PBAN during different insect developmental stages. Our results show that the central nervous system (CNS) of this species consists of four types of ganglia: cerebral ganglia (brain), subesophageal ganglion (SEG), thoracic ganglia, and abdominal ganglia. A two-lobed brain is connected to the reniform SEG with a nerve cord in larvae and prepupae, whereas in the late pupae and adults, the brain and SEG are fused, forming a brain-SEG complex. The larvae and prepupae have eight abdominal ganglia each, whereas the late pupae and adults each have four abdominal ganglia. Furthermore, all life stages of P. xylostella had similar patterns of PBAN immunoreactivity in the CNS, and the accumulation of PBAN was similar during all life stages except in adult males. PBAN immunoreactive signals were observed in the brain and SEG, and fluorescence signals originating in the SEG extended the entire length of the ventral nerve cord, ending in the terminal abdominal ganglia. Our results provide morphological data that inform the development and evolution of the CNS. In addition, they indicate that the nervous system contains PBAN, which could be used to control P. xylostella populations.",
        "keywords": [
            "\n          Plutella xylostella\n        ",
            "PBAN",
            "central nervous system",
            "immunocytochemistry",
            "neuropeptide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyan Liu",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Houjun Tian",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yixin Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuo Lin",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qianzhuo Mao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Zheng",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Zhao",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Gu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of economic entomology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "bbMsRmQJ": {
        "id": "bbMsRmQJ",
        "title": "Electroantennogram Responses to Plant Volatiles Associated with Fenvalerate Resistance in the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).",
        "abstract": "The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is the main destructive insect pest of brassica vegetables around the world, and has developed resistance to numerous insecticides. Although host plant volatiles are important in pest control, the mechanism of low-level insecticide resistance in P. xylostella due to plant volatiles has not been examined. Here, electroantennograms (EAGs) were used to compare the responses of adult male and female DBMs of a susceptible strain (S-strain) and a derived resistant strain, Fen-R-strain (6.52-fold more resistant than the S-strain), to different concentrations of nine plant volatiles. We found significantly different relative EAG responses between S-strain and Fen-R-strain males to different concentrations of methyl jasmonate, methyl salicylate, and octanal. The relative EAG responses of S-strain and Fen-R-strain females to different concentrations of β-myrcene, methyl jasmonate, methyl salicylate, and allyl isothiocyanate were significantly different. Fen-R-strain females showed lower EAG responses to most of the tested plant volatiles (at concentrations of 1:10) than males, except for allyl isothiocyanate. A larger difference in relative EAG response to α-farnesene and β-myrcene was found between S-strain and Fen-R-strain females than between males of the two strains. A larger difference in relative EAG response to octanal, nonanal, and octan-1-ol was found between S-strain and Fen-R-strain males than between females of the two strains. These results illustrate the relationship between the function of plant volatiles and resistance in an insect pest species, and provide a scientific basis for resistance evolutionary theory in pest management research.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tian Houjun",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuo Lin",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yixin Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Zhao",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Gu",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests of Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of economic entomology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "A27JW863": {
        "id": "A27JW863",
        "title": "Effects of flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on nutritional quality of banana (Zingiberales: Musaceae) buds.",
        "abstract": "The abundance of banana flower thrips (Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan) in a banana (Musa acuminata Colla \"Williams\" cultivar) plantation was investigated using yellow sticky traps (29.70 cm × 21.00 cm) in 2015. Banana flower thrips occurred throughout the year with monthly variation, and the maximum occurrence was observed in October and November during the bud burst (73.80 ± 6.32 adults/trap) and young fruit (70.06 ± 5.69 adults/trap) periods. The damage rates were as follows: interior flowers >3rd-layer flowers > 2nd-layer flowers > 1st-layer flowers > young fruits. This result indicates that thrips migrated to lower bracts, young fruits, and other flower buds as bracts gradually opened. Results also showed that the reducing sugar, vitamin C, protein and ash contents in thrips-damaged flowers were all significantly lower than those in undamaged flowers, while there was no significant difference between damaged and undamaged young banana fruit. Our results indicated that the abundances of banana flower thrips were closely associated with the growing stage of banana. Thrips mainly infested flower buds and caused a reduction in nutrients for the host plant, especially the reducing sugar and vitamin C contents, which reduced the nutritional quality of banana fruits and the quality of flower bud by-products of banana.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Deyi Yu",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Huang",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongwen Lin",
                "org": "Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Komivi Senyo Akutse",
                "org": "International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyang Lan",
                "org": "Research and Development Centre of Zhangzhou National Agricultural Science and Technology Zone, Zhangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PloS one",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "illCCiSQ": {
        "id": "illCCiSQ",
        "title": "Preparation, characterisation, and controlled release of sex pheromone-loaded MPEG-PCL diblock copolymer micelles for Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).",
        "abstract": "Sex pheromones are important for agricultural pest control. The main sex pheromone components of Spodoptera litura are (Z,E)-9,11- and (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate (Z9,E11-14:Ac; Z9,E12-14:Ac). In this study, we investigated the optimal conditions for encapsulation of S. litura sex pheromonesin micelles via the self-assembly method using monomethoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) as a biodegradable wall-forming material with low toxicity. In the L9(34) orthogonal experiment, 3 amphiphilic block copolymers, with different hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity ratios, were examined. Optimal encapsulation conditions included stirring of MPEG5000-PCL2000 at 1000 rpm at 30°C with 2.5:1 wall-forming: core material mass ratio. S. litura sex pheromone-loaded MPEG5000-PCL2000 micelles presented a homogeneous spherical morphology with apparent core-shell structure. The release kinetics of optimized MPEG5000-PCL2000 micelles was best explained by a first-order model. Encapsulated Z9,E11-14:Ac and Z9,E12-14:Ac were released slowly, not suddenly. Methyl oleate (MO) was used as an agent to control micellar release performance. When MO content equalled block content, micelle half-life could be prolonged, thereby controlling the release speed. Overall, our results showed MPEG-PCL as a promising controlled-release substrate for sex pheromones.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yixin Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuqin Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuo Lin",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Houjun Tian",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Lin",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Zhao",
                "org": "Fuzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Gu",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PloS one",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "9KvCqskH": {
        "id": "9KvCqskH",
        "title": "Identification and expression profiling of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide in Chlumetia transversa (Walker).",
        "abstract": "Insect neuropeptides (NPs) in the pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN) family are actively involved in many essential endocrine functions. These peptides are potential targets in the search for novel insect control agents. This is the first report on the cloning and sequence determination of Chlumetia transversa (Walker) PBAN (Ct-PBAN) using rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The open reading frame of Ct-PBAN was 588bp in length and encoded 195 amino acids, which were assembled into five putative neuropeptides (diapause hormone homolog, α-neuropeptide, β-neuropeptide, PBAN, and γ-neuropeptide). These peptides were amidated at C-terminus and shared the conserved pentapeptide motif FXPR (or K) L. Moreover, Ct-PBAN had high homology to PBANs in Helicoverpa zea (84.1%), Helicoverpa armigera (83.5%), Helicoverpa assulta (83%), and Heliothis virescens (82.6%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that Ct-PBAN was closely related to its orthologs in the family Noctuidae. In addition, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays showed that the expression of Ct-PBAN peaked in the female head and was also detected at high levels in 1-d-old adults. These results suggested that Ct-PBAN is associated with sex pheromone biosynthesis in female C. transversa and could be used for developing C. transversa control systems based on molecular techniques.",
        "keywords": [
            "Diapause hormone",
            "Endocrine regulation",
            "Lepidoptera",
            "Moth pheromone",
            "PBAN"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China. Electronic address: weihui@faas.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Chang",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxia Dian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lizhen Zheng",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuo Lin",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yixin Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Houjun Tian",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Zhao",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, ', 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China; Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongjiao Cai",
                "org": "Fishery college, Jimei University, 43 Yindou Road, Xiamen 361021, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaojun Gu",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxia Dian Road, Fuzhou 350002, China. Electronic address: guxiaojun1@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kadarkarai Murugan",
                "org": "Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pesticide biochemistry and physiology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "C1uDKe02": {
        "id": "C1uDKe02",
        "title": "Effects of spirodiclofen on life history traits and population growth of a spider mite predator Oligota flavicornis (Coleoptera: Staphyllinidae) based on the age-stage two-sex life table theory: Effects of spirodiclofen on life history traits and population growth of Oligota flavicornis",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Lin",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong You",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaohua Zeng",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yixin Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hsin Chi",
                "org": "Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Niğde Turkey"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin-Mei Xia",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Zhao",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Houjun Tian",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences Fuzhou China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pest Management Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "tdr5j4EH": {
        "id": "tdr5j4EH",
        "title": "Knowledge Creation and Research Production in Swiss Hotel Schools: A Case Study of the Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne",
        "abstract": "This study aimed to analyze the obstacles to knowledge creation and scientific research in tourism and hospitality that Swiss hotel schools face. A case study approach was adopted to analyze the research practices of the Ecole hoteliere de Lausanne (EHL). Multiple sources of data were collected for the case study, including the documentation of Swiss higher education governance, brochures of educational programs from selected hotel schools (including EHL), and archival records on research output from EHL. This study shows that knowledge creation and research production are largely constrained by Swiss higher education regulation. Also, not only are Swiss hotel schools trapped by a vocational ethos, but they are unwilling to break it because of the priority to legitimize their educational programs. We argue that EHL research practice is a lens through which we can portray an alternative approach to knowledge production and transfer in Swiss hospitality education.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": " Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne, HES-SO // University of Applied Science Western Switzerland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Dellea",
                "org": " Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne, HES-SO // University of Applied Science Western Switzerland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Giuliano Bianchi",
                "org": " Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne, HES-SO // University of Applied Science Western Switzerland"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "2q5IoJMf": {
        "id": "2q5IoJMf",
        "title": "CEO compensation and the performance of firms in the hospitality industry: a cross-industry comparison",
        "abstract": "AbstractThis study examines whether industry-specific characteristics can explain the relationship between chief executive officer (CEO) compensation and the performance of firms and, if so, what roles these characteristics may play in affecting the relationship. We developed a fixed effects model that controls for unobserved characteristics (such as managers’ skills, abilities, and talent) which are correlated with the independent variables in the presence of homoscedastic errors. The firm’s fixed effects allow us to take into account unobserved variables that do not mutate over time and by doing so, to address the principal–agent problem in CEO compensation in both the hospitality and non-hospitality industries in the United States over the period 1992–2010. The evidence shows that CEOs in the hospitality industry have been paid less compared to their peers in other industries. This is mainly due to the non-hospitality industries tending to pay higher salaries and to award more bonuses, long-term incent...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Giuliano Bianchi",
                "org": "Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Tourism Sciences",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "fQ1scXNc": {
        "id": "fQ1scXNc",
        "title": "Does a happy destination bring you happiness? Evidence from Swiss inbound tourism",
        "abstract": "This study aims to explain tourist happiness by examining a specific destination in which happiness is generated for tourists via their travel behavior at the destination. Building upon the spillover theory of happiness, we developed a destination-based model of tourist happiness, which is shaped by destination image and service quality and mediated by tourist satisfaction and life satisfaction. This model was tested using data from 1048 inbound tourists in Switzerland in 2015. We found that destination image is positively associated with life satisfaction, eudaimonia, and positive and negative affect; no evidence indicated the effect of service quality on life satisfaction and negative affect. In particular, life satisfaction can largely predict eudaimonia and positive and negative affect. We also discovered that negative affect is poorly explained by its antecedents in the tourism context, suggesting that tourists are reluctant to link their travel experiences to negative affect.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Route de Cojonnex 18, 1000 Lausanne 25, Lausanne, Switzerland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang (Robert) Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Tourism Management",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "50Am2vSA": {
        "id": "50Am2vSA",
        "title": "WITHDRAWN: The Swiss Tourist Satisfaction and Happiness Index Data (2015)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Ecole hôtelière de Lausanne, HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Data in Brief",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "bEmPYOrw": {
        "id": "bEmPYOrw",
        "title": "Social Innovation in Tourism: Unleashing The Time-Money Constraint",
        "abstract": "This study aims to explore whether the time-money constraint in tourism can be exerted to foster unconventional social innovation in the tourism industry. This study builds its conceptual framework upon the concept of time banking as an alternative currency in spurring social innovation in the tourism economy. To explore the applicability of the concept in tourism, we investigated the intentions and needs of the supplier and consumer sides through interviews and focus groups. To explore the entrepreneurial perspective, three in-depth interviews were conducted respectively with the co-founder of TimeRepublik, an independent social entrepreneur, and a sharing economy specialist. Three focus groups were also conducted to evaluate and elaborate the practical application of the framework from a user’s point of view. We found that using time as a measure of work shows a potential to reconcile the time-money constraint especially for disadvantaged groups. However, this study has exposed discrepancies between the intentions and the needs of the social entrepreneurs and the users, undermining the feasibility of the concept in the tourism context. Namely, the challenges included the value of time, trust and relationship building, and network effects and scaling. As long as the innovation is unable to achieve inclusive and sustainable growth building upon its social values, the lack of user support will only lead to selected and limited application of the concept in tourism and therefore would fail to generate social benefits on a larger scale.",
        "keywords": [
            "Social innovation",
            " Time-money constraint",
            " Time bank",
            " Tourism",
            " Hospitality",
            " Sharing economy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Nina K. G. Walker",
                "org": "HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "HES-SO // University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of The Knowledge Economy",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pXHxra3q": {
        "id": "pXHxra3q",
        "title": "Effects of host incentives on multiple listings in accommodation sharing",
        "abstract": "PurposeDespite the importance of hosts who contribute to the success of accommodation sharing through sharing underutilized space with guests, current literature sheds little light on what exactly incentivizes hosts to grow their properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of multifaceted motivations including financial benefits, online social interaction and membership seniority and their interplay on hosts’ multiple listing behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe study is instantiated on real-world business data collected from an accommodation-sharing platform in China. The data set includes 3,199 observations of 252 multi-listing hosts in Beijing who managed 815 properties from September 2012 to October 2016.FindingsThe study discloses that financial benefits, online social interaction and membership seniority significantly incentivize hosts to list multiple properties on the accommodation-sharing platform. In particular, the social incentive is the most important driver among the three. With a 1 per cent increase in online social interactions, the number of properties operated by a host would increase by 13.5 per cent. While the financial benefits and online social interaction motivate hosts to engage in the multi-listing behavior, such effects are significantly mitigated as the membership seniority increases.Research limitations/implicationsThis study adds to the extant literature a unique yet less researched perspective of supply expansion driven by hosts. It also provides important practical implications for managing multiple properties for a healthy and viable accommodation-sharing community.Originality/valueWhile a majority of the extant research on the sharing economy primarily takes a consumer-related perspective, this study addresses a different and original topic about hosts’ multiple-listing behavior that drives the supply of accommodation sharing. It is a first empirical investigation of the increase of accommodation sharing supply with host motivations explained.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Karen L. Xie",
                "org": "Daniels College of Business, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hotelschool of Lausanne, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "PAY8ii5y": {
        "id": "PAY8ii5y",
        "title": "The mechanisms of arc coupling and rotation in cable-type welding wire CO 2 welding",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In the cable-type welding wire CO 2  welding process, the arc coupling and rotation behaviors are greatly different from those in typical single-wire CO 2  welding. A deflection length model is proposed to explain the phenomenon of arc shape interaction and coupling, which is considered to be caused by a concentration of forces at the central wire resulting from the electromagnetic forces generated by the currents running through the individual wires. The arc rotation is influenced by the compositional characteristics of the cable-type welding wire as the wire is fed, resulting in self-rotation as the wire melts. The arc stability, the droplet transfer behavior and the weld pool are affected by the balance of the forces during the welding process and cause the arcs from the cable-type welding wire to couple together, resulting in a stable arc and stable droplet transfer. The combined forces acting on the weld pool are beneficial for the transfer of arc heat and droplet heat to the side and bottom of the molten pool, affecting the weld pool and weld formation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhidong Yang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenfu Fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingfang Wu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Qi",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ruixiang Ma",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Processing Technology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "G770rGaR": {
        "id": "G770rGaR",
        "title": "Arc properties and droplet transfer characteristics in cable-type welding wire electrogas welding",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The arc properties and droplet transfer characteristics in cable-type welding wire electrogas welding were studied. A high-speed video camera and an electrical signal acquisition system were used to obtain welding arc images, the droplet transfer process and electrical signals. The results show that with an increase in welding current, the droplet transfer mode changes from globular transfer to projected transfer; the arc length decreases, the arc width increases, and the droplet size decreases. The wire extension, which ranged from 30 mm to 35 mm, has a slight effect on the droplet size, arc length and arc width. During the welding process, the arc migrates from the end of the welding wire to the necking part of the droplet. With the transition of the droplet, the arc migrates to the end of the welding wire again. As the welding current increases, the frequency of arc migration increases, and the formed droplet column becomes shorter. The rotating arc has a strong stirring effect on the molten pool, which promotes the heat transfer between the molten pool and the sidewall.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenfu Fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhidong Yang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingfang Wu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiazhong Jiang",
                "org": "Sinotrans & CSC Jiangsu Jinling Shipyard Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210015, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingxiang Wang",
                "org": "CSIC Pride (Nanjing) Intelligent System Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "xFYRTjHs": {
        "id": "xFYRTjHs",
        "title": "Two-dimensional transient model and mechanism of the self-discharging of zinc–nickel single-flow batteries",
        "abstract": "A two-dimensional transient simulation model was proposed to investigate the effect of self-discharging on the performance of zinc–nickel single-flow batteries. The model was used to examine the dynamic characteristics of these batteries under no-load conditions and sustained electrolyte flow. The model was also applied to investigate changes in the battery voltage with time and coulombic efficiency under charge–discharge conditions with different current densities. The simulation results were verified in experiments involving a 250 mA h beaker battery under different working conditions. The following results were obtained: (1) the self-discharge effect was controlled mainly by the negative side reaction and drastically affected the battery potential at the initial stage of self-discharge; (2) during the charge–discharge process, the self-discharge effect decelerated the increase in battery voltage at the later stages of charging and exerted negligible effects at other stages; and (3) the cell coulombic e...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shouguang Yao",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhengjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofei Sun",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhengjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhengjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Xiao",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhengjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cheng",
                "org": "Zhangjiagang Zhidian Fanghua Storage Research Institute, Zhangjiagang 215600, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaju Shen",
                "org": "Zhangjiagang Zhidian Fanghua Storage Research Institute, Zhangjiagang 215600, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "IFMGnKH6": {
        "id": "IFMGnKH6",
        "title": "Arc Behavior and Droplet Transfer of CWW CO2 Welding",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Cable-type welding wire (CWW) CO 2  welding is an innovative process arc welding with high quality, high efficiency and energy saving, in which CWW is used as consumable electrode. The CWW is composed of seven wires with a diameter of 1. 2 mm. One is in the center, while others uniformly distribute around it. The diameter of twisted wire is up to 3. 6 mm, which can increase the deposition rate significantly. With continual wire-feeding and melting of CWW, the formed rotating arc improved welding quality obviously. The arc behavior and droplet transfer were observed by the electrical signal waveforms and corresponding synchronous images, based on the high speed digital camera and electrical signal system. The results showed that the shape of welding arc changed from bell arc to beam are with the increase of welding parameter. The droplet transfer mode changed from repelled transfer, globular transfer to projected transfer in turn. Droplet transfer frequency increased from 18. 17 Hz to 119. 05 Hz, while the droplet diameter decreased from 1. 5 times to 0. 3 times of the CWW diameter.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhidong Yang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenfu Fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-xiang Xu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing-xian Hu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-yan Gu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Iron and Steel Research International",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "bnTX3KJz": {
        "id": "bnTX3KJz",
        "title": "Arc ignition of CWW CO2 welding in A36 steel",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTIn gas metal arc welding, arc ignition significantly influences arc stability, droplet transfer, and the quality of welded joints. Cable-type welding wire (CWW) CO2 welding is an innovative welding method. This paper analyzes the arc ignition procedure for this type of welding based on experiments with three different wire end conditions: an unsmooth wire end, a smooth wire end, and a preheated smooth wire end. Smaller contact areas between the CWW and the workpiece led to higher arc ignition currents, and higher wire tip temperatures led to shorter arc ignition times (AITs) with the same chemical composition, diameter, and extension. Based on the characteristics of the welding wire end structures and the contact resistance between the CWW and workpiece, a suitable mathematical model of the AIT was developed. The model was validated using experimental arc ignition images. The AITs for the unsmooth smooth and preheated smooth wire ends were 14, 20, and 11 ms, respectively, essentially consistent wi...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhidong Yang",
                "org": " School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenfu Fang",
                "org": " School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": " School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiwei Chen",
                "org": " School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Zhu",
                "org": " School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials and Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "yZj3kL7y": {
        "id": "yZj3kL7y",
        "title": "A study on sidewall penetration of cable-type welding wire electrogas welding",
        "abstract": "Cable-type welding wire (CWW) electrogas welding (EGW) is an innovative process in which CWW is used as the consumable electrode. Seven wires can be melted simultaneously with only one welding power source, one wire feeder, and one welding torch. This paper reports a study of the sidewall penetration of CWW EGW. The results showed that all the mechanical properties of CWW EGW welded joints met the standards of the China Classification Society (CCS). The arc heating area of CWW EGW was large and that the unique rotating arc of CWW EGW had a strong stirring effect, enhancing convective motion of the molten pool and accelerating heat transfer between the superheated molten pool and the sidewall. The droplet of the CWW EGW appeared to be non-axial transfer due to the rotating force. The superheated droplet transferred to the sidewall or the molten pool near the sidewall directly, promoting the heating and melting of the base metal.",
        "keywords": [
            "CWW",
            " EGW",
            " Rotating arc",
            " Droplet transfer",
            " Sidewall penetration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenfu Fang",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhidong Yang",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiayou Wang",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingfang Wu",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shujin Chen",
                "org": "Jiangsu University of Science and Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Welding in The World",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "DIptJPqF": {
        "id": "DIptJPqF",
        "title": "Cable-type welding wire submerged arc surfacing",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The effects of electromagnetic pressure, resistance heat and rotating arc on process properties and micro-properties in submerged arc surfacing using cable-type welding wire are analyzed. The electromagnetic pressure of cable-type welding wire submerged arc surfacing induced by seven welding wires is small than that of traditional single-wire submerged arc sufacing, resulting in the average decrease of the dilution rate by 33%; the resistance heat of the wire extension of the cable-type welding wire submerged arc surfacing is larger, resulting in an average increase of the deposition rate by 40%; the strong stirring effect of the cable-type welding wire submerged arc surfacing induced by the rotating arc gives rise to a finer and more uniform microstructure and larger hardness in the surfacing layer.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chenfu Fang",
                "org": "Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, NO.2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, NO.2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhidong Yang",
                "org": "Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, NO.2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiayou Wang",
                "org": "Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, NO.2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingfang Wu",
                "org": "Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, NO.2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Qi",
                "org": "Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Welding Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, NO.2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Processing Technology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "6lgYNjcT": {
        "id": "6lgYNjcT",
        "title": "Combined packet and TDM circuit switching NoCs with novel connection configuration mechanism.",
        "abstract": "In this paper we present a router that combines the circuit switching and packet switching in order to efficiently and separately handle the guaranteed-service and best-effort traffics. The main innovation consists in proposing a novel connection configuration mechanism, in which the source node first sends the connection request to manager via a pre-reserved request path, and the manager sends back the response message via guaranteed-service path. Hence, the additional dedicated configuration network that is widely used in previous works is avoided, which reduces the hardware cost while still guaranteeing the configuration latency. The synthesis results show our approach is more area and energy efficient. Compared to previous works, our approach can provide up to 260% better power efficiency and 2.4X to 5X better area efficiency. In terms of configuration time, our approach can provide 2.7X to 36X faster configuration speed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Technische Universität Dresden, Vodafone Chair for Mobile Communications Systems"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emil Matús",
                "org": "Technische Universität Dresden, Vodafone Chair for Mobile Communications Systems"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis",
                "org": "Technische Universität Dresden, Vodafone Chair for Mobile Communications Systems"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISCAS",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "IHMlOyo6": {
        "id": "IHMlOyo6",
        "title": "Trellis-search based Dynamic Multi-Path Connection Allocation for TDM-NoCs.",
        "abstract": "This paper proposes a centralized approach for connection allocation for TDM-based NoCs by making use of dedicated hardware unit called NoCManager that employs trellis-based search algorithm enabling dynamic parallel multi-path, multi-slot allocation. Be different to the previous unrolled trellis search algorithm, in this paper the folded architecture is employed to achieve efficiency. In comparison with previous TDM connection allocation methods, the proposed design has the following advantages: (1) hardware supported low-latency, high-throughput allocation mechanism, (2) improved success rate due to parallel multi-path search and (3) efficient NoCManager architecture. Compared to centralized software solutions the proposed design demonstrates two orders of magnitude improvement in allocation speed and ten times higher success rate. It can provide up to several times higher allocation speed and up to 18 higher success rate against recently proposed distributed solution.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Emil Matús",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACM Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "yufXTUuk": {
        "id": "yufXTUuk",
        "title": "Centralized parallel multi-path multi-slot allocation approach for TDM NoCs.",
        "abstract": "The TDM-based NoC is an attractive technique for providing QoS in on-chip communication. However, fast, dynamic and robust path and slot allocation is still a challenging task particularly for networks with high connection request rates. A centralized resource allocation approach is presented in this paper, which enables multipath multislot allocation in parallelism at run-time. With full structured trellis graph that contains the full length stages, the allocation speed is ensured to be very fast. In contrast to previous works, the proposed method features: (1) high allocation speed requiring only two cycles for path searching; (2) improved success rate due to parallel multi-path search. Experimental results on real hardware models demonstrate two orders of magnitude improvement in allocation speed and ten times higher success rate against previous centralized solutions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Emil Matús",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CCECE",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "sradl7Pk": {
        "id": "sradl7Pk",
        "title": "Combined TDM and SDM Circuit Switching NoCs with Dedicated Connection Allocator.",
        "abstract": "In general, circuit switching (CS) NoCs suffer from path diversity and resource utilization problem. Combining Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Space-Division-Multiplexing (SDM) CS NoCs can reasonably mitigate this problem by increasing the path diversity and improving sharing of sub-channel among multiple connections. In order to investigate and optimize TDM-SDM partitioning strategy, in this paper, we propose a dedicated connection allocator for combined TDM-SDM CS NoCs based on trellis-search algorithm, which can explore all possible paths between source-destination node pairs within a guaranteed latency. In contrast to the recently published approaches, we propose the novel bidirectional search that starts at source node and destination node simultaneously. Compared to previous unidirectional trellis search algorithms, our algorithm halves the search time while keeping the allocator area almost the same. In addition to this, we studied the influence of different TDM-SDM link partitioning strategies on success rate and path length that allowed us to find the optimal solution. The simulation results show our approach can improve the success rate by 25% to 42% compared to previous connection allocation approaches.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Dresden University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emil Matús",
                "org": "Dresden University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis",
                "org": "Dresden University of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISVLSI",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "5c3ry1Rm": {
        "id": "5c3ry1Rm",
        "title": "Register-Exchange Based Connection Allocator for Circuit Switching NoCs.",
        "abstract": "Since Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Circuit Switching (CS) has the advantage of fixed low communication latency by transmitting data over pre-established connection, it has been a popular approach to provide guaranteed service. The challenge of the CS is the fast and dynamic connection allocation particularly for networks with high connection request rates. In this paper, a high performance connection allocator for TDM CS is presented, which enables parallel multiple path search in all directions. To enhance the path search speed, the Register-Exchange technique is adopted that saves the entire survivor path sequences during search. Hence, since the backtrack is omitted, the path search time is reduced by half compared to previous forward-backtrack approaches, which can also contribute to the success rate. Our approach is compared to the state of the art centralized and distributed approaches under uniform random traffic as well as real-application benchmarks. The experiment results showed our approach can provide up to 22% higher success rate and 2X greater allocation speed against centralized approaches, and up to 33% higher success rate and 18X higher allocation speed against distributed approach.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Dresden University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emil Matús",
                "org": "Dresden University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis",
                "org": "Dresden University of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PDP",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "UCsGonk9": {
        "id": "UCsGonk9",
        "title": "Combined Centralized and Distributed Connection Allocation in Large TDM Circuit Switching NoCs.",
        "abstract": "The centralized methods for connection allocation in a circuit-switched network-on-chip (NoC) based on time-division multiplexing (TDM) may pose serious performance and scalability issues in large-scale networks due to the 1) limited path search speed, 2) increasing allocation request rate at central unit and 3) the increasing communication cost between the central unit and NoC nodes. This paper tackles this problem by proposing a combined centralized-distributed approach that splits the original NoC into multiple non-overlapping logical partitions, each of them served by a dedicated NoC-Manager unit. The NoC-Manager employs fast trellis-search shortest path algorithm enabling local path search inside the associated NoC partition, while a set of NoC-Managers jointly combine the partial results in a distributed manner in order to find the most likely global path. This approach attempts to combine the benefits of distributed and centralized systems, whilst the experimental results demonstrate its high potential regarding performance and scalability improvement.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"
            },
            {
                "name": "Emil Matús",
                "org": "Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis",
                "org": "Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACM Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ObGASywt": {
        "id": "ObGASywt",
        "title": "High Performance Dynamic Resource Allocation for Guaranteed Service in Network-on-Chips",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Emil Matus",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Sadia Moriam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gerhard P. Fettweis",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ccsEpAbz": {
        "id": "ccsEpAbz",
        "title": "Are prophylactic anti-reflux medications effective after esophageal atresia repair? Systematic review and meta-analysis",
        "abstract": "Gastroesophageal reflux after surgical repair of esophageal atresia (EA) can be associated with complications, such as esophageal stricture. Recent guidelines recommend prophylactic anti-reflux medication (PARM) after EA repair. However, the effectiveness of PARM is still unclear. The aim of this study was to review evidence surrounding the use of PARM in children operated for EA.",
        "keywords": [
            "Esophageal atresia",
            " Gastroesophageal reflux",
            " Esophageal stricture",
            " Anti-reflux medicine",
            " Proton pump inhibitor",
            " H2 blocker"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Alison Hock",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shogo Seo",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada"
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pediatric Surgery International",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "0qI1JxOq": {
        "id": "0qI1JxOq",
        "title": "Designing of a Passive Knee-Assisting Exoskeleton for Weight-Bearing.",
        "abstract": "Weight-bearing exoskeleton can effectively help the wearer to bear heavier burden, while assisting his ambulation. However, current researches in this field are relatively scarce on the passive weight-bearing exoskeleton. This research aims to design an unpowered knee-assisting exoskeleton used for weight-bearing, which can store human metabolic energy and assist human locomotion, through utilization of Teflon string, pulley, and compression spring. Biomechanical analysis of human weight-bearing locomotion shows that knee-flexion angle can be used to identify level walking or ascending movement of a person, where the largest sagittal flexion angle in level walking does not exceed 60o. Hence, the contour of pulley used for winding string is designed to be eccentric, in which the assisting torque varies nonlinearly according to the knee-flexion angle. Through mechanical modeling of eccentric pulley, we predict the assisting torque of the device and compare it with actual experimental statistics. Results show that such passive exoskeleton exhibits multi-stage nonlinear assisting augmentation under different knee-flexion angles; with least possible knee assistance during level walking, and remarkable assistance during climbing.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yuan",
                "org": "Logistical Engineering University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Li",
                "org": "Logistical Engineering University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National University of Defence Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bilian Tan",
                "org": "New York University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Jiang",
                "org": "Logistical Engineering University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuai Tang",
                "org": "Logistical Engineering University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Wei",
                "org": "Logistical Engineering University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhijie Wang",
                "org": "Logistical Engineering University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Ma",
                "org": "Chongqing Industrial and Commercial University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ju Huang",
                "org": "Chongqing Industrial and Commercial University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICIRA",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "JGQoZCak": {
        "id": "JGQoZCak",
        "title": "Breast milk-derived exosomes promote intestinal epithelial cell growth.",
        "abstract": "Rat milk-derived exosomes promote IEC viability, enhance proliferation, and stimulate intestinal stem cell activity. These findings provide insight into the mechanism of action of breast milk in the intestines. Exosome administration is a promising prevention method for infants at risk of developing NEC when breastfeeding is not tolerated.",
        "keywords": [
            "Breast milk",
            "Cell viability",
            "Exosome",
            "Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)",
            "Proliferation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Alison Hock",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Li",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carol Lee",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Leonardo Ermini",
                "org": "Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pekka Määttänen",
                "org": "Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Augusto Zani",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Physiology and Experimental Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: agostino.pierro@sickkids.ca."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pediatric surgery",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "by3YTJXh": {
        "id": "by3YTJXh",
        "title": "Liver damage, proliferation, and progenitor cell markers in experimental necrotizing enterocolitis.",
        "abstract": "Abstract  Background  Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease known to cause injury to multiple organs including the liver. Liver regeneration is essential for the recovery after NEC-induced liver injury. Our aim was to investigate hepatic proliferation and progenitor cell marker expression in experimental NEC.  Methods  Following ethical approval (#32238), NEC was induced in mice by hypoxia, gavage feeding of hyperosmolar formula, and lipopolysaccharide. Breastfed pups were used as control. We analyzed serum ALT level, liver inflammatory cytokines, liver proliferation markers, and progenitor cell marker expression. Comparison was made between NEC and controls.  Results  Serum ALT level was higher in NEC (p  Conclusions  Inflammatory injury was present in the liver during experimental NEC. Proliferation and LGR5 expression were impaired in the NEC liver. Modulation of progenitor cell expressing LGR5 may result in stimulation of liver regeneration in NEC-induced liver injury and improved clinical outcome.  Level of evidence  Level IV.",
        "keywords": [
            "Hepatic progenitor cell",
            "LGR5",
            "Liver injury",
            "Necrotizing enterocolitis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Li",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carol Lee",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shogo Seo",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: agostino.pierro@sickkids.ca."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pediatric surgery",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "oWkJuRVb": {
        "id": "oWkJuRVb",
        "title": "Live Imaging of Fetal Intra-abdominal Organs Using Two-Photon Laser-Scanning Microscopy.",
        "abstract": "The processes by which the intra-abdominal organ circulatory system develops in the embryo and during organogenesis are unclear. Previous studies have used fixed tissues to study the development of abdominal organ vasculature in the embryo; however, the intravital circulation of intra-abdominal organs in rodent fetal development has not been studied. This protocol describes a system that uses two-photon laser-scanning microscopy (TPLSM) for real-time observation and quantification of normal and pathologic live fetal intra-abdominal dynamics while the fetus is still connected to the mother via the umbilical cord.",
        "keywords": [
            "Fetus",
            "Intravital imaging",
            "Two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Li",
                "org": "Translational Medicine Program, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Translational Medicine Program, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Translational Medicine Program, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carol Lee",
                "org": "Translational Medicine Program, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lijun Chi",
                "org": "Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Richard Wu",
                "org": "Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mikihiro Inoue",
                "org": "Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Keiichi Uchida",
                "org": "Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Masato Kusunoki",
                "org": "Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Paul Delgado-Olguin",
                "org": "Heart & Stroke Richard Lewar Centres of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, 6 Queen's Park Cres W, Toronto, ON, M5S3H2, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. agostino.pierro@sickkids.ca."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "KaryXVFw": {
        "id": "KaryXVFw",
        "title": "Osmolality of enteral formula and severity of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis.",
        "abstract": "This study indicates the osmolality of enteral formula does not affect incidence of experimental NEC. This experimental study provides new insights into the relationship between formula feeding and NEC.",
        "keywords": [
            "Formula",
            "Inflammation",
            "Mucosal injury",
            "Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)",
            "Osmolality",
            "Osmolarity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, 860 Urushiyama, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 4208660, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Programme of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 1526-555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Programme of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 1526-555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Alison Hock",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Programme of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 1526-555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Li",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Programme of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 1526-555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carol Lee",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Programme of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 1526-555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Augusto Zani",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Programme of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 1526-555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Programme of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 1526-555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada. agostino.pierro@sickkids.ca."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pediatric surgery international",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "YOCXZGtE": {
        "id": "YOCXZGtE",
        "title": "Bovine milk-derived exosomes enhance goblet cell activity and prevent the development of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis.",
        "abstract": "Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is characterized by intestinal injury and impaired mucin synthesis. We recently showed that breast milk exosomes from rodents promote intestinal cell viability, epithelial proliferation, and stem cell activity, but whether they also affect mucus production is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bovine milk-derived exosomes on goblet cell expression in experimental NEC and delineate potential underlying mechanisms of action. Exosomes were isolated from bovine milk by ultracentrifugation and confirmed by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis and through the detection of exosome membrane markers. To study the effect on mucin production, human colonic LS174T cells were cultured and exposed to exosomes. Compared to control, exosomes promoted goblet cell expression, as demonstrated by increased mucin production and relative expression levels of goblet cell expression markers trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) and mucin 2 (MUC2). In addition, exosome treatment enhanced the expression of glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94), the most abundant intraluminal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein that aids in protein synthesis. Furthermore, experimental NEC was induced in mouse pups by hyperosmolar formula feeding, lipopolysaccharide administration and hypoxia exposure on postnatal days 5-9. Milk exosomes were given with each gavage feed. NEC was associated with ileal morphological injury and reduction in MUC2+ goblet cells and GRP94+ cells per villus. Exosome administration to NEC pups prevented these changes. This research highlights the potential novel application of milk-derived exosomes in preventing the development of NEC in high-risk infants when breast milk is not available.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Li",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Alison Hock",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Richard Y Wu",
                "org": "Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Adam Minich",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Steven R Botts",
                "org": "Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carol Lee",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lina Antounians",
                "org": "Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Augusto Zani",
                "org": "Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Philip M Sherman",
                "org": "Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PloS one",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "PXzbeLU6": {
        "id": "PXzbeLU6",
        "title": "Duhamel and Transanal Endorectal Pull-throughs for Hirschsprung' Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.",
        "abstract": "Aim  The Duhamel pull-through and transanal endorectal pull-through (TEPT) are commonly used for the treatment of Hirschsprungu0027s disease (HD). To date, there has been no meta-analysis evaluating postoperative outcomes following Duhamel pull-through and TEPT. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare patient outcome after Duhamel pull-through and TEPT for HD.      Materials and Methods  Original articles published between 1998 and 2016 were identified using the MEDLINE database. Studies comparing Duhamel pull-through and TEPT were included. Outcomes evaluated included incidence of postoperative constipation, incontinence/soiling, enterocolitis, anastomotic stricture, and leak. We analyzed dichotomous variables by estimating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and continuous variables using the weighted mean difference with 95% CI. The meta-analysis was done using RevMan 5.3.      Result  There were no randomized controlled trials. Seven observational clinical studies were included, comprising 260 cases of Duhamel pull-through and 170 cases of TEPT. Anastomotic stricture (OR = 0.10; 95%CI 0.02–0.48;  p  = 0.004) was lower following Duhamel pull-through than TEPT. There were no significant differences in the incidence of postoperative incontinence/soiling and anastomotic leak. After TEPT, postoperative constipation seems to be lower and enterocolitis higher compared with those after Duhamel pull-through; however, these differences are not significant when the follow-up period is equal between groups.      Conclusion  The Duhamel pull-through seems to be associated with lower incidence of anastomotic stricture compared with TEPT. The effects of the two analyzed operative techniques on constipation and enterocolitis remain unclear. The quality of evidence supporting the above findings is suboptimal, indicating the need for prospective studies.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shogo Seo",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Alison Hock",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carol Lee",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Li",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "eqDhwlrP": {
        "id": "eqDhwlrP",
        "title": "Initiation of Enteral Feeding After Necrotizing Enterocolitis.",
        "abstract": " Initiating early enteral feeding, within 5 days of NEC diagnosis, is not associated with adverse outcomes, including NEC recurrence. In addition, catheter-related sepsis and post-NEC stricture rates were unchanged between early and delayed enteral feeding groups after NEC. However, the quality of the evidence from the review of literature is suboptimal. A further RCT is needed to confirm these results.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Alison Maria Hock",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, SickKids - The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hiromu Miyake",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, SickKids - The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhki Koike",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, SickKids - The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shogo Seo",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, SickKids - The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Agostino Pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, SickKids - The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "o5vnDrdL": {
        "id": "o5vnDrdL",
        "title": "The role of ischemia in necrotizing enterocolitis",
        "abstract": "Ischemia as assessed with immunohistochemical markers HIF-1α and GLUT1, has a primary role in pathogenesis of classic NEC only, not in SIP or short-segment NEC with perforation. Better categorization of the different types of NEC can direct appropriate prevention and treatment strategies.",
        "keywords": [
            "Feeding",
            "Inflammation",
            "Ischemia",
            "Necrotizing enterocolitis",
            "Spontaneous intestinal perforation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "kenneth tou en chang",
                "org": "Department of Pathology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "derrick wen quan lian",
                "org": "Department of Pathology, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "hao lu",
                "org": "Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "sudipto roy",
                "org": "Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "narasimhan kannan laksmi",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "yee low",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "gita krishnaswamy",
                "org": "Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "agostino pierro",
                "org": "Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto."
            },
            {
                "name": "caroline c p ong",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address: caroline.ong.cp@kkh.com.sg."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pediatric surgery",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "n0o6JOZ4": {
        "id": "n0o6JOZ4",
        "title": "Fundoplication with gastrostomy vs gastrostomy alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes and complications",
        "abstract": "PurposeWe compare the outcomes of fundoplication with gastrostomy vs gastrostomy alone and review the need for subsequent fundoplication after the initial gastrostomy alone.",
        "keywords": [
            "Gastrostomy",
            " Fundoplication",
            " Complications",
            " Reflux",
            " Meta-analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Brendan K. Y. Yap",
                "org": "KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shireen Anne Nah",
                "org": "KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yee Low",
                "org": "KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pediatric Surgery International",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "GwuVm2Tu": {
        "id": "GwuVm2Tu",
        "title": "A novel noninvasive appendicitis score with a urine biomarker.",
        "abstract": "Level III.",
        "keywords": [
            "Appendicitis score",
            "Diagnosis",
            "Imaging",
            "Pediatric",
            "Urine LRG"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Te-Lu Yap",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address: yap.te.lu@singhealth.com.sg."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Dan Fan",
                "org": "National Dental Centre, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng Fatt Ho",
                "org": "National Dental Centre, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Candy Sc Choo",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "John Allen",
                "org": "Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yee Low",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Anette Sundfor Jacobsen",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shireen Anne Nah",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pediatric surgery",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "rrR8YYBy": {
        "id": "rrR8YYBy",
        "title": "[Next Steps after Negative Results Obtained by EBUS-TBNA from Patients Suspected Clinically Lung Cancer with Mediastinal Lymphnode Metastasis].",
        "abstract": "Diagnostic procedures should be chosen based on the clinical character in EBUS-TBNA negative patients with suspected lung cancer. Long time follow-up is very important in patients whose diagnosis is apparently unknown.",
        "keywords": [
            "Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration",
            "Lung neoplasms",
            "Non-specific pathology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yongjian Liu",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Minjiang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuefeng Sun",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi Shao",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Xu",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanyuan Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengzhao Wang",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "pavEl1hI": {
        "id": "pavEl1hI",
        "title": "Inpatient Admission versus Emergency Department Management of Intussusception in Children: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Outcomes.",
        "abstract": " Management of intussusception in the ED after uncomplicated reduction appears acceptable. However, evidence levels are low, and RCT should be performed to adequately evaluate the safety of outpatient management of pediatric intussusception.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sanjena Kumar Amuddhu",
                "org": "Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shireen Anne Nah",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "9kSjbuXi": {
        "id": "9kSjbuXi",
        "title": "Postoperative steroid therapy for biliary atresia: Systematic review and meta-analysis",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "rct",
            "confidence interval",
            "randomized controlled trials",
            "odds ratio",
            "or",
            "pediatric"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shireen a nah",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liwei chiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gita krishnaswamy",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yee low",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Pediatric Surgery",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "oD5zSyQ2": {
        "id": "oD5zSyQ2",
        "title": "Demographic factors affecting parental attitudes to clinical research in pediatric surgery: A pilot study.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Purpose  The purpose of this study was to evaluate demographic factors impacting parental attitudes to clinical research in pediatric surgery.    Methods  A prospective survey administered to caregivers accompanying children (pediatric surgical outpatient clinic or day surgery) using convenience sampling (September–November 2017) using a previously published survey with Likert scale was performed. Questions included demographics, parental willingness to enroll children in specified types of research, and beliefs regarding conduct of research.    Results  Eighty-four parents were surveyed (100 approached). No demographic factors significantly predicted research participation involving sample collection (urine, saliva, blood) or research requiring follow-up. However, mothers were less likely to agree to studies using common medications (p = 0.049) or common surgical procedures (p = 0.013) and less likely to agree to randomization involving surgery (assigning to common surgical procedure, p = 0.013; surgery vs no surgery, p = 0.031). University graduates were less likely to agree to randomization to surgery vs no surgery (p = 0.02). Beliefs regarding conduct of research were similar, except that non-university graduates were more likely to believe that privacy would be compromised (p = 0.003). Boys were deemed less likely to be too sick for participation (p = 0.03) and more likely to want to participate (p = 0.03).    Conclusion  Behavioral and attitude differences in caregivers can inform strategies for recruitment among researchers. Impact of caregiver and child gender on responses requires further evaluation.    Type of study  Treatment study.    Level of evidence  Level II.",
        "keywords": [
            "Children",
            "Parental consent",
            "Patient participation",
            "Perceptions",
            "Trials"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Wen Lee",
                "org": "Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yoong Wend Chen",
                "org": "Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Candy S C Choo",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK, Women's, and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK, Women's, and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shireen A Nah",
                "org": "Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK, Women's, and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Electronic address: Shireen.Nah@kkh.com.sg."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pediatric surgery",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "PsJiZaL6": {
        "id": "PsJiZaL6",
        "title": "High-dose prednisone therapy for infantile spasms and late-onset epileptic spasms in China: The addition of topiramate provides no benefit.",
        "abstract": "The efficacy of the combination therapy was not better than that of the monotherapy in achieving spasm freedom at 14-days, 49-days or 56-days and day-120 in the patients. Adding-on moderate-dose TPM did not help more children achieve spasm freedom and provided no benefit for prevention of IS and late-onset ES in short term. Higher-dose regimens of TPM might be more effective.",
        "keywords": [
            "China",
            "High-dose prednisone",
            "Hypsarrhythmia",
            "Infantile spasms",
            "Late-onset epileptic spasms",
            "Topiramate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhaoshi Yi",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, 122 Yangming Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaping Wu",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, 122 Yangming Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiongying Yu",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, 122 Yangming Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Zha",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, 122 Yangming Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Chen",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, 122 Yangming Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, 122 Yangming Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianmin Zhong",
                "org": "Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, 122 Yangming Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China. Electronic address: zhongjm@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Seizure",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "L8vgEr1l": {
        "id": "L8vgEr1l",
        "title": "STING versus HIT technique of endoscopic treatment for vesicoureteral reflux: A systematic review and meta-analysis",
        "abstract": "Abstract  Aim  Our study aimed to compare the efficacy of two endoscopic techniques used for the correction of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR): subureteral transurethral injection (STING) and hydrodistension implantation technique (HIT).  Methods  A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, Google scholar, and Cochrane databases from 1984 to 2015. Meta-analysis of the selected studies was performed to compare the extent of reflux resolution following both techniques.  Results  Six observational studies met the inclusion criteria for content. These comprised 632 ureters treated by STING and 895 ureters treated by HIT procedure. All included studies utilized dextranomer/hyaluronic acid (Deflux) as the bulking agent. The overall resolution of VUR was significantly higher in HIT (82.5%) compared to STING (71.4%) [pooled odds ratio (OR)=0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42–0.69;  P  2 =8%]. A subgroup analysis showed that HIT had better outcomes than STING for both lower grade (I–III) [OR=0.43; 95% CI 0.23–0.82;  P =0.01; I 2 =0%] and high-grade VUR (IV–V) [OR=0.43; 95% CI 0.20–0.91;  P =0.03; I 2 =0%]. However, there was no statistical difference in the requirement of additional injections between STING and HIT groups.  Conclusion  HIT is superior to STING technique for resolution of VUR after Deflux injection. However, more randomized trials with longer follow-up are necessary to demonstrate the benefit of HIT compared to STING procedure.  Level of evidence  Retrospective comparative studies – level III.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Te-Lu Yap",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shireen A. Nah",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Caroline Choo Phaik Ong",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Anette Sundfor Jacobsen",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yee Low",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Pediatric Surgery",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "srP1eaF4": {
        "id": "srP1eaF4",
        "title": "A new 2-step risk-stratification clinical score for suspected appendicitis in children.",
        "abstract": "The aim of this study was to develop a new Children's Appendicitis Score (CAS) by combining 3 inflammatory markers and a set of predictors for suspected appendicitis in children.374 children aged 4-16years with suspicion of appendicitis were prospectively enrolled for the derivation cohort. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory, and histology data were collected. The outcome measure was the histological presence or absence of appendicitis. Backward logistic regression was employed to select predictors for construction of a score. Diagnostic performance of CAS was compared with the Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) on a separate validation cohort.The combination of normal white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil percentage, and C-reactive protein (CRP) had a 100% negative predictive value for appendicitis. We assigned 'coefficient A' as 'zero' when all triple markers were negative and 'one' when any one markers was positive. A second component of 6 predictors was identified for construction of the 'raw score': Localized right-lower-quadrant pain, generalized guarding, constant characteristic of pain, pain on percussion or coughing, WBC≥14000/L and CRP≥24g/L. CAS was generated by multiplying 'coefficient A' by 'raw score'.CAS is superior to PAS in ruling out appendicitis. Risk stratification of equivocal patients could guide the need for further diagnostic imaging examination.",
        "keywords": [
            "Appendicitis",
            "Appendicitis score",
            "C-reactive protein",
            "Diagnosis",
            "Pediatric",
            "White blood cell count"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Te-Lu Yap",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wilson Wei Xin Low",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Caroline Choo Phaik Ong",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shireen Anne Nah",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Anette S Jacobsen",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liang Shen",
                "org": "Department of Biostatistics, National University Health System, Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yee Low",
                "org": "Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of pediatric surgery",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "qE1g709r": {
        "id": "qE1g709r",
        "title": "Clinical relevance of screening checklists for detecting cancer predisposition syndromes in Asian childhood tumours.",
        "abstract": "Assessment of cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) in childhood tumours is challenging to paediatric oncologists due to inconsistent recognizable clinical phenotypes and family histories, especially in cohorts with unknown prevalence of germline mutations. Screening checklists were developed to facilitate CPS detection in paediatric patients; however, their clinical value have yet been validated. Our study aims to assess the utility of clinical screening checklists validated by genetic sequencing in an Asian cohort of childhood tumours. We evaluated 102 patients under age 18 years recruited over a period of 31 months. Patient records were reviewed against two published checklists and germline mutations in 100 cancer-associated genes were profiled through a combination of whole-exome sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification on blood-derived genomic DNA. Pathogenic germline mutations were identified in ten (10%) patients across six known cancer predisposition genes:  and . Fifty-four (53%) patients screened positive on both checklists, including all ten pathogenic germline carriers.  was most frequently mutated, affecting five children with adrenocortical carcinoma, sarcomas and diffuse astrocytoma. Disparity in prevalence of germline mutations across tumour types suggested variable genetic susceptibility and implied potential contribution of novel susceptibility genes. Only five (50%) children with pathogenic germline mutations had a family history of cancer. We conclude that CPS screening checklists are adequately sensitive to detect at-risk children and are relevant for clinical application. In addition, our study showed that 10% of Asian paediatric solid tumours have a heritable component, consistent with other populations.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sock Hoai Chan",
                "org": "1Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Winston Chew",
                "org": "1Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nur Diana Binte Ishak",
                "org": "1Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weng Khong Lim",
                "org": "2SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine (PRISM), Singapore, 169856 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Tzu Li",
                "org": "1Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sheng Hui Tan",
                "org": "3VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Xian Teo",
                "org": "2SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine (PRISM), Singapore, 169856 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tarryn Shaw",
                "org": "1Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenneth Chang",
                "org": "4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "5Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Prasad Iyer",
                "org": "6Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Enrica Ee Kar Tan",
                "org": "6Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michaela Su-Fern Seng",
                "org": "6Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mei Yoke Chan",
                "org": "6Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ah Moy Tan",
                "org": "6Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sharon Yin Yee Low",
                "org": "8SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, Singapore, 308433 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shui Yen Soh",
                "org": "6Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Amos Hong Pheng Loh",
                "org": "5Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899 Singapore."
            },
            {
                "name": "Joanne Ngeow",
                "org": "11Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, ASTAR, Singapore, 138673 Singapore."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "NPJ genomic medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pbfpQQAn": {
        "id": "pbfpQQAn",
        "title": "X-ray Induced Acoustic Computed Tomography for 3D Breast Imaging: A Simulation Study.",
        "abstract": "The initial exploration for the feasibility of 3D breast XACT has been conducted in this study. The system feasibility and characterization were illustrated through a 3D breast phantom and simulation works. The 3D breast XACT with the proposed system configuration has great potential to be applied as a low-dose screening and diagnostic technique for early un-palpable lesion in the breast. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Low dose CT",
            "Micro-calcification (μCa) detection",
            "Three dimensional (3D) breast volumetric imaging",
            "X-ray induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shanshan Tang",
                "org": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street Boston, MA, 2114, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK, 73104, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liangzhong Xiang",
                "org": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Medical physics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Kr2Nc3PF": {
        "id": "Kr2Nc3PF",
        "title": "Comparability of three output prediction models for a compact passively double-scattered proton therapy system.",
        "abstract": "The purpose of this study was to investigate comparability of three output prediction models for a compact double-scattered proton therapy system. Two published output prediction models are commissioned for our Mevion S250 proton therapy system. Model A is a correction-based model (Sahoo et al., Med Phys, 2008;35(11):5088-5097) and model B is an analytical model which employs a function of r = (R'-M')/M' (Kooy et al., Phys Med Biol, 2005;50:5487-5456) where R' is defined as depth of distal 100% dose with straggling and M' is the width between distal 100% dose and proximal 100% dose with straggling instead of the theoretical definition due to more accurate output prediction. The r is converted to ((R-0.31)-0.81 × M)/(0.81 × M) with the vendor definition of R (distal 90% dose) and M (distal 90% dose-to-proximal 95% dose), where R' = R-0.31 (g cm ) and M' = 0.81 × M (g cm ). In addition, a quartic polynomial fit model (model C) mathematically converted from model B is studied. The outputs of 272 sets of R and M covering the 24 double scattering options are measured. Each model's predicted output is compared to the measured output. For the total dataset, the percent difference between predicted (P) and measured (M) outputs ((P-M)/M × 100%) were within ±3% using the three different models. The average differences (±standard deviation) were -0.13 ± 0.94%, -0.13 ± 1.20%, and -0.22 ± 1.11% for models A, B, and C, respectively. The p-values of the t-test were 0.912 (model A vs. B), 0.061 (model A vs. C), and 0.136 (model B vs. C). For all the options, all three models have clinically acceptable predictions. The differences between models A, B, and C are statistically insignificant; however, model A generally has the potential to more accurately predict the output if a larger dataset for commissioning is used. It is concluded that the models can be comparably used for the compact proton therapy system.",
        "keywords": [
            "double scattering",
            "output model",
            "proton therapy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sven Ferguson",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Clara Ferreira",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mohammad Islam",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor Scott & White, Temple, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vance P Keeling",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, CARTI, Inc., Little Rock, AR, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Andy Lau",
                "org": "Oklahoma Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, Tulsa, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Salahuddin Ahmad",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hosang Jin",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of applied clinical medical physics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "6WYTP2k3": {
        "id": "6WYTP2k3",
        "title": "TOPAS Simulation of the Mevion S250 compact proton therapy unit.",
        "abstract": "As proton therapy becomes increasingly popular, so does the need for Monte Carlo simulation studies involving accurate beam line modeling of proton treatment units. In this study, the 24 beam configurations of the Mevion S250 proton therapy system installed recently at our institution were modeled using the TOolkit for PArticle Simulation (TOPAS) code. Pristine Bragg peak, spread out Bragg peak (SOBP), and lateral beam profile dose distributions were simulated and matched to the measurements taken during commissioning of the unit. Differences in the range for all Percent Depth Dose (PDD) curves between measured and simulated data agreed to within 0.1 cm. For SOBP scans, the SOBP widths all agreed to within 0.3 cm. With regards to lateral beam profile comparisons between the measured and simulated data, the penumbras differed by less than 1 mm and the flatness differed by less than 1% in nearly all cases. This study shows that Monte Carlo simulation studies involving the Mevion S250 proton therapy unit can be a viable tool in commissioning and verification of the proton treatment planning system.",
        "keywords": [
            "TOPAS",
            "mevion",
            "monte carlo",
            "proton"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Michael Prusator",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Salahuddin Ahmad",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of applied clinical medical physics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "3iBehm41": {
        "id": "3iBehm41",
        "title": "A complete workflow for utilizing Monte Carlo toolkits in clinical cases for a double-scattering proton therapy system.",
        "abstract": "The methods described in this paper allow end users to utilize Monte Carlo (MC) toolkits for patient-specific dose simulation and perform analysis and plan comparisons for double-scattering proton therapy systems. The authors aim to fill two aspects of this process previously not explicitly published. The first one addresses the modeling of field-specific components in simulation space. Patient-specific compensator and aperture models are exported from treatment planning system and converted to STL format using a combination of software tools including Matlab and Autodesk's Netfabb. They are then loaded into the MC geometry for simulation purpose. The second details a method for easily visualizing and comparing simulated doses with the dose calculated from the treatment planning system. This system is established by utilizing the open source software 3D Slicer. The methodology was demonstrated with a two-field proton treatment plan on the IROC lung phantom. Profiles and two-dimensional (2D) dose planes through the target isocenter were analyzed using our in-house software tools. This present workflow and set of codes can be easily adapted by other groups for their clinical practice.",
        "keywords": [
            "Monte Carlo",
            "proton",
            "visualize"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Leland Muller",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael Prusator",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Salahuddin Ahmad",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of applied clinical medical physics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "lxQQpf9g": {
        "id": "lxQQpf9g",
        "title": "Dose and linear energy transfer distributions of primary and secondary particles in carbon ion radiation therapy: A Monte Carlo simulation study in water.",
        "abstract": "The factors influencing carbon ion therapy can be predicted from accurate knowledge about the production of secondary particles from the interaction of carbon ions in water/tissue-like materials, and subsequently the interaction of the secondary particles in the same materials. The secondary particles may have linear energy transfer (LET) values that potentially increase the relative biological effectiveness of the beam. Our primary objective in this study was to classify and quantify the secondary particles produced, their dose averaged LETs, and their dose contributions in the absorbing material. A 1 mm diameter carbon ion pencil beam with energies per nucleon of 155, 262, and 369 MeV was used in a geometry and tracking 4 Monte Carlo simulation to interact in a 27 L water phantom containing 3000 rectangular detector voxels. The dose-averaged LET and the dose contributions of primary and secondary particles were calculated from the simulation. The results of the simulations show that the secondary particles that contributed a major dose component had LETs <100 keV/µm. The secondary particles with LETs >600 keV/µm contributed only <0.3% of the dose. ",
        "keywords": [
            "Carbon ion therapy",
            "dose",
            "linear energy transfer distributions"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Daniel Johnson",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma 73104, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma 73104, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Salahuddin Ahmad",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma 73104, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of medical physics",
        "year": 0
    },
    "kXwkFEyK": {
        "id": "kXwkFEyK",
        "title": "Practical alignment method for X-ray spectral measurement in micro-CT system based on 3D printing technology.",
        "abstract": "This study presents a practical alignment method for X-ray spectral measurement in a rotating gantry based micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) system using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. In order to facilitate the spectrometer placement inside the gantry, supporting structures including a cover and a stand were dedicatedly designed and printed using a 3D printer. According to the relative position between the spectrometer and the stand, the upright projection of the spectrometer collimator onto the stand was determined and then marked by a tungsten pinhole. Thus, a visible alignment indicator of the X-ray central beam and the spectrometer collimator represented by the pinhole was established in the micro-CT live mode. Then, a rough alignment could be achieved through repeatedly adjusting and imaging the stand until the pinhole was located at the center of the acquired projection image. With the spectrometer being positioned back onto the stand, the precise alignment was completed by slightly translating the spectrometer-stand assembly around the rough location, until finding a \"sweet spot\" with the highest photon rate and proper distribution of the X-ray photons in the resultant spectrum. The spectra were acquired under precise alignment and misalignment of approximately 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0mm away from the precise alignment position, and then were compared in qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative analysis results show that, with slight misalignment, the photon rate is reduced from 1302 to 1098, 1031, and 416 photons/second (p/s), respectively, and the characteristic peaks in the acquired spectra are gradually deteriorated. Quantitative analysis indicates that the energy resolutions for characteristic peak of  were calculated as 1.56% for precise alignment, while were 1.84% and 2.40% for slight misalignment of 0.2mm and 0.5mm. The mean energies were reduced from 43.93keV under precise alignment condition to 40.97, 39.63 and 37.78keV when misaligned. Accurate spectral measurements in micro-CT systems are significantly influenced by the alignment precision. This practical alignment method using 3D printing technology could be readily applied to other rotating gantry based micro-CT systems with modified design of the supporting structures and careful considerations of the spectrometer and gantry dimensions.",
        "keywords": [
            "micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) system",
            "rough and precise alignment",
            "spectral measurement",
            "spectrometer placement"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liqiang Ren",
                "org": "Center for Biomedical Engineering and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Di Wu",
                "org": "Center for Biomedical Engineering and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhua Li",
                "org": "Center for Biomedical Engineering and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Zheng",
                "org": "Center for Biomedical Engineering and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73014, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Liu",
                "org": "Center for Biomedical Engineering and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedical physics & engineering express",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "rkqKxRay": {
        "id": "rkqKxRay",
        "title": "Shielding verification and neutron dose evaluation of the Mevion S250 proton therapy unit.",
        "abstract": "For passive scattering proton therapy systems, neutron contamination is the main concern both from an occupational and patient safety perspective. The Mevion S250 compact proton therapy system is the first of its kind, offering an in-room cyclotron design which prompts more concern for shielding assessment. The purpose of this study was to accomplish an in-depth evaluation of both the shielding design and in-room neutron production at our facility using both Monte Carlo simulation and measurement. We found that the shielding in place at our facility is adequate, with simulated annual neutron ambient dose equivalents at 30 cm outside wall/door perimeter ranging from background to 0.07 mSv and measured dose equivalents ranging from background to 0.06 mSv. The in-room measurements reveal that the H*/D decreases when the distance from isocenter and field size increases. Furthermore, the H*/D generally increases when the angle around isocenter increases. Our results from in-room measurements show consistent trends with our Monte Carlo model of the Mevion system.",
        "keywords": [
            "Monte Carlo",
            "neutron",
            "proton",
            "shielding"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Michael T Prusator",
                "org": "University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Salahuddin Ahmad",
                "org": "University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of applied clinical medical physics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ckd20oDW": {
        "id": "ckd20oDW",
        "title": "Radiomics model of contrast-enhanced MRI for early prediction of acute pancreatitis severity.",
        "abstract": "3 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019.",
        "keywords": [
            "acute pancreatitis",
            "magnetic resonance imaging",
            "radiomics",
            "severity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qiao Lin",
                "org": "Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Gaoping District People's Hospital of Nanchong, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Fan Ji",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huan Sun",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan-Dan Yang",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Li Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian-Wu Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "M410GXdi": {
        "id": "M410GXdi",
        "title": "Spleen and splenic vascular involvement in acute pancreatitis: an MRI study.",
        "abstract": "Splenic vascular involvement and splenomegaly were common in AP. The vascular involvement was associated with the severity of AP. This complication should be considered when severity and prognosis of AP are assessed. Quantitative analysis of the spleen with IVIM might be a useful imaging biomarker for splenic perfusion changes in AP, especially in those with splenomegaly.",
        "keywords": [
            "Pancreas",
            "acute pancreatitis (AP)",
            "magnetic resonance",
            "spleen"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chao-Lian Xie",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mao Zhang",
                "org": "Department of General Surgery, the Fourth People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610021, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ran Hu",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng-Yue Tang",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian-Wu Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua-Dan Xue",
                "org": "Radiology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheng-Yu Jin",
                "org": "Radiology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pefnrArg": {
        "id": "pefnrArg",
        "title": "Radiomics model of contrast-enhanced computed tomography for predicting the recurrence of acute pancreatitis.",
        "abstract": "• The incidence of recurrence after an initial episode of acute pancreatitis is high, and quantitative methods for predicting recurrence are lacking. • The radiomics model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography performed well in predicting the recurrence of acute pancreatitis. • As a quantitative method, radiomics exhibits promising performance in terms of alerting recurrent patients to the potential need to take precautions.",
        "keywords": [
            "Acute pancreatitis",
            "Radiomics",
            "Recurrence",
            "Tomography",
            "X-ray computed"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 63, Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian-Wu Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 63, Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang-Qiang Wu",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiao Lin",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 63, Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ran Hu",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 63, Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao-Lian Xie",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 63, Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hou-Dong Zuo",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 63, Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia-Long Wu",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi-Wen Mu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Imaging & Imaging Institute of Rehabilitation and Development of Brain Function, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Quan-Shui Fu",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo-Qing Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 63, Wenhua Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China. zhangxm@nsmc.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European radiology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Zex5vWXB": {
        "id": "Zex5vWXB",
        "title": "Sinistral Portal Hypertension in Acute Pancreatitis: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.",
        "abstract": "The SPH rarely occurs in AP, and its risk is higher in males. Its presence is strongly associated with the local conditions of pancreatitis.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chao Lian Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang Qiang Wu",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian Wu Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Dan Xue",
                "org": "Radiology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheng Yu Jin",
                "org": "Radiology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Ming Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pancreas",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "jWPaHEQ5": {
        "id": "jWPaHEQ5",
        "title": "Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Measuring Pancreatic Perfusion in Acute Pancreatitis: A Preliminary Study.",
        "abstract": "The application of DCE-MRI to evaluate pancreatic perfusion contributes to the diagnosis of AP and its severity grade. Pancreatic perfusion is lower in AP patients than in patients with a normal pancreas, and pancreatic perfusion tends to decrease as the severity of AP increases.",
        "keywords": [
            "Acute pancreatitis",
            "DCE-MRI",
            "Pancreas"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ran Hu",
                "org": "Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Department of Radiology, No.6, Panxi 7th Road, Jiangbei District, Chongqing 400021, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hua Yang",
                "org": "Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Department of Radiology, No.6, Panxi 7th Road, Jiangbei District, Chongqing 400021, China. Electronic address: 13527547568@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.234, Fujiang Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Zhou",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.234, Fujiang Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ju Zhang",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.234, Fujiang Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian Wu Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.234, Fujiang Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong 637000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.234, Fujiang Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong 637000, China. Electronic address: cjr.zhxm@vip.163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Academic radiology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "GLpvAAeV": {
        "id": "GLpvAAeV",
        "title": "Simulating the impacts of climate change on hydrology and crop production in the Northern High Plains of Texas using an improved SWAT model",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gary W. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas H. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jerry E. Moorhead",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin R. Heflin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David K. Brauer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Prasanna H. Gowda",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Raghavan Srinivasan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Agricultural Water Management",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "durhdMXX": {
        "id": "durhdMXX",
        "title": "Multisite evaluation of an improved SWAT irrigation scheduling algorithm for corn ( L.) production in the U.S. Southern Great Plains.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gary W. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas H. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Prasanna H. Gowda",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingwu Xue",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jerry E. Moorhead",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David K. Brauer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Raghavan Srinivasan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin R. Heflin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental Modelling and Software",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "zvLA1LW6": {
        "id": "zvLA1LW6",
        "title": "Assessing the Efficacy of the SWAT Auto-Irrigation Function to Simulate Irrigation, Evapotranspiration, and Crop Response to Management Strategies of the Texas High Plains",
        "abstract": "In the semi-arid Texas High Plains, the underlying Ogallala Aquifer is experiencing continuing decline due to long-term pumping for irrigation with limited recharge. Accurate simulation of irrigation and other associated water balance components are critical for meaningful evaluation of the effects of irrigation management strategies. Modelers often employ auto-irrigation functions within models such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). However, some studies have raised concerns as to whether the function is able to adequately simulate representative irrigation practices. In this study, observations of climate, irrigation, evapotranspiration (ET), leaf area index (LAI), and crop yield derived from an irrigated lysimeter field at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory at Bushland, Texas were used to evaluate the efficacy of the SWAT auto-irrigation functions. Results indicated good agreement between simulated and observed daily ET during both model calibration (2001–2005) and validation (2006–2010) periods for the baseline scenario (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency; NSE ≥ 0.80). The auto-irrigation scenarios resulted in reasonable ET simulations under all the thresholds of soil water deficit (SWD) triggers as indicated by NSE values u003e 0.5. However, the auto-irrigation function did not adequately represent field practices, due to the continuation of irrigation after crop maturity and excessive irrigation when SWD triggers were less than the static irrigation amount.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gary W. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David Brauer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Raghavan Srinivasan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Water",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "IIUqZ936": {
        "id": "IIUqZ936",
        "title": "Assessment of Alternative Agricultural Land Use Options for Extending the Availability of the Ogallala Aquifer in the Northern High Plains of Texas",
        "abstract": "The Ogallala Aquifer has experienced a continuous decline in water levels due to decades of irrigation pumping with minimal recharge. Corn is one of the major irrigated crops in the semi-arid Northern High Plains (NHP) of Texas. Selection of less water-intensive crops may provide opportunities for groundwater conservation. Modeling the long-term hydrologic impacts of alternative crops can be a time-saving and cost-effective alternative to field-based experiments. A newly developed management allowed depletion (MAD) irrigation scheduling algorithm for Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used in this study. The impacts of irrigated farming, dryland farming, and continuous fallow on water conservation were evaluated. Results indicated that simulated irrigation, evapotranspiration, and crop yield were representative of the measured data. Approximately 19%, 21%, and 32% reductions in annual groundwater uses were associated with irrigated soybean, sunflower, and sorghum, respectively, as compared to irrigated corn. On average, annual soil water depletion was more than 52 mm for dryland farming scenarios. In contrast, only 18 mm of soil water was lost to evaporation annually, for the long-term continuous fallow simulation. The fallow scenario also showed 31 mm of percolation for aquifer recharge.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gary W. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas H. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jerry Moorhead",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin Heflin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David Brauer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Prasanna H. Gowda",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Raghavan Srinivasan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Hydrology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "VDJCv2Hm": {
        "id": "VDJCv2Hm",
        "title": "Assessing Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plant Stress Algorithms Using Full and Deficit Irrigation Treatments",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gary W. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas H. Marek",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingwu Xue",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David K. Brauer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Raghavan Srinivasan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Agronomy Journal",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "WcpXEIjx": {
        "id": "WcpXEIjx",
        "title": "Integrated transcriptomic analysis of Trichosporon Asahii uncovers the core genes and pathways of fluconazole resistance.",
        "abstract": "Trichosporon asahii (T. asahii) has emerged as a dangerous pathogen that causes rare but life-threatening infections. Its resistance to certain antifungal agents makes it difficult to treat, especially for patients undergoing long-term antibiotic therapy. In this study, we performed a series of fluconazole (FLC) perturbation experiments for two T. asahii strains, a clinical isolate stain CBS 2479 (T2) and an environmental isolate strain CBS 8904 (T8), to uncover potential genes and pathways involved in FLC resistance. We achieved 10 transcriptomes of T2 and T8 that were based on dose and time series of FLC perturbations. Systematic comparisons of the transcriptomes revealed 32 T2 genes and 25 T8 genes that are highly sensitive to different FLC perturbations. In both T2 and T8 strains with the phenotype of FLC resistance, the processes of oxidation-reduction and transmembrane transport were detected to be significantly changed. The antifungal susceptibility testing of FLC and penicillin revealed their resistance pathways are merged. Accumulated mutations were found in 564 T2 and 225 T8 genes, including four highly mutated genes that are functionally related to the target of rapamycin complex (TOR). Our study provides abundant data towards genome-wide understanding of the molecular basis of FLC resistance in T. asahii.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haitao Li",
                "org": "Department of Dermatology, PLA Army General Hospital, 5 Nanmencang, Beijing, 100700, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Congmin Wang",
                "org": "Department of Dermatology, PLA Army General Hospital, 5 Nanmencang, Beijing, 100700, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaoqiang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongya Yang",
                "org": "Department of Dermatology, PLA Army General Hospital, 5 Nanmencang, Beijing, 100700, China. rongyayang@gmail.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "NvqUMCbc": {
        "id": "NvqUMCbc",
        "title": "In Situ Capture of Chromatin Interactions by Biotinylated dCas9.",
        "abstract": "Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) are commonly recognized by correlative chromatin features, yet the molecular composition of the vast majority of CREs in chromatin remains unknown. Here, we describe a CRISPR affinity purification in situ of regulatory elements (CAPTURE) approach to unbiasedly identify locus-specific chromatin-regulating protein complexes and long-range DNA interactions. Using an in vivo biotinylated nuclease-deficient Cas9 protein and sequence-specific guide RNAs, we show high-resolution and selective isolation of chromatin interactions at a single-copy genomic locus. Purification of human telomeres using CAPTURE identifies known and new telomeric factors. In situ capture of individual constituents of the enhancer cluster controlling human β-globin genes establishes evidence for composition-based hierarchical organization. Furthermore, unbiased analysis of chromatin interactions at disease-associated cis-elements and developmentally regulated super-enhancers reveals spatial features that causally control gene transcription. Thus, comprehensive and unbiased analysis of locus-specific regulatory composition provides mechanistic insight into genome structure and function in development and disease.",
        "keywords": [
            "CRISPR/Cas9",
            "DNA looping",
            "biotinylation",
            "chromatin",
            "cis-regulatory elements",
            "enhancers",
            "proteomics",
            "super-enhancers"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuannyu Zhang",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mushan Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Zhou",
                "org": "Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Minister of Education, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. Electronic address: zhou_feng@fudan.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kailong Li",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Cao",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Ni",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuxuan Liu",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhimin Gu",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kathryn E Dickerson",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiqi Xie",
                "org": "Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Gary C Hon",
                "org": "Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenyu Xuan",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael Q Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics; Bioinformatics Division and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, TNLIST; Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhen Shao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xu",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address: jian.xu@utsouthwestern.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cell",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "dJclTLbG": {
        "id": "dJclTLbG",
        "title": "CAPTURE: In Situ Analysis of Chromatin Composition of Endogenous Genomic Loci by Biotinylated dCas9.",
        "abstract": "Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) play a pivotal role in spatiotemporal control of tissue-specific gene expression, yet the molecular composition of the vast majority of CREs in native chromatin remains unknown. In this article, we describe the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) affinity purification in situ of regulatory elements (CAPTURE) approach to simultaneously identify locus-specific chromatin-regulating protein complexes and long-range DNA interactions. Using an in vivo biotinylated nuclease-deficient Cas9 (dCas9) protein and programmable single guide RNAs (sgRNAs), this approach allows for high-resolution and locus-specific isolation of protein complexes and long-range chromatin looping associated with single copy CREs in mammalian cells. Unbiased analysis of the compositional structure of developmentally regulated or disease-associated CREs identifies new features of transcriptional regulation. Hence, CAPTURE provides a versatile platform to study genomic locus-regulating chromatin composition in a mammalian genome. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.",
        "keywords": [
            "CRISPR",
            "DNA looping",
            "chromatin",
            "cis-regulatory elements",
            "enhancer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuannyu Zhang",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mushan Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhen Shao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael Q Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Xu",
                "org": "Children's Medical Center Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Current protocols in molecular biology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ZcuxPS2C": {
        "id": "ZcuxPS2C",
        "title": "CLIMP: Clustering Motifs via Maximal Cliques with Parallel Computing Design.",
        "abstract": "A set of conserved binding sites recognized by a transcription factor is called a motif, which can be found by many applications of comparative genomics for identifying over-represented segments. Moreover, when numerous putative motifs are predicted from a collection of genome-wide data, their similarity data can be represented as a large graph, where these motifs are connected to one another. However, an efficient clustering algorithm is desired for clustering the motifs that belong to the same groups and separating the motifs that belong to different groups, or even deleting an amount of spurious ones. In this work, a new motif clustering algorithm, CLIMP, is proposed by using maximal cliques and sped up by parallelizing its program. When a synthetic motif dataset from the database JASPAR, a set of putative motifs from a phylogenetic foot-printing dataset, and a set of putative motifs from a ChIP dataset are used to compare the performances of CLIMP and two other high-performance algorithms, the results demonstrate that CLIMP mostly outperforms the two algorithms on the three datasets for motif clustering, so that it can be a useful complement of the clustering procedures in some genome-wide motif prediction pipelines. CLIMP is available at http://sqzhang.cn/climp.html. ",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shaoqiang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States of America."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PloS one",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "sevwqQRD": {
        "id": "sevwqQRD",
        "title": "Abstract 773: Analysis of oncogene affected networks in tumorigenesis of lung cancer",
        "abstract": "Genetic abnormality is one of major causes of tumorigenesis by driving the progressive transformation of normal human cells into highly malignant derivatives. Tracing the downstream pathways through which and how the effects of the oncogenic-activating mutations are transmitted is an important and challenging problem in studying disease mechanisms, diagnoses and treatments. In this study, we designed a network-based computational method, called MAXMAP, to not only predict mutation downstream affected pathways, but also quantitatively measure the dynamics of the pathway genes.  We first constructed a heterogeneous network by integrating protein-protein interaction networks and signaling and regulatory networks from available up-to-date curated databases, as well as RNASeq expression data. The RNAseq dataset of these mutated cell lines has 18,096 genes whereas the Protein Protein Interaction and Signalling, regulation dataset has 14,864 genes. We then used the maximal information flow method to globally optimize the effects from the mutations to target downstream genes. The method was applied to analyze the biological network dynamics that is caused by single (TP53), double (TP53+KRAS) and triple (TP53+KRAS+STK11) mutations of HBEC30KT, an immortalized lung cell line, and revealed the core dynamical subnetworks of these mutations. Only the triple mutant is known to have tumor-like properties and as shown in earlier studies these sequential mutation accumulations lead to tumorigenesis in mouse xenograft models. The experimental validation of a small subnetwork was performed using transient knock down of the pathway genes and expression was verified using qPCR.  We showed the dynamical subnetworks through which a gene, SLC7A5 was affected by sequential single, double or triple mutations. We have experimentally validated the predicted small subnetwork for SLC7A5 which is an important transporter of neutral amino acids. It is associated with bladder and bile duct adeno carcinomas and overexpressed in lung cancers. We selected the subnetwork affected due to the single mutation (TP53) for validation, including THBS1, TNFRSF11B and MAPK1 and SLC7A5.  Hence, using the MAXMAP method we have successfully identified a dynamical subnetwork affected by changes in the known network of genes. These results suggest that this computational method may allow us to predict drug targets or biomarkers or to study interesting alternative paths and predict the most likely path leading to certain phenotypic outcomes.   Citation Format:  Adwait Sathe, Yong Chen, Hyuntae Yoo, Michael Q. Zhang. Analysis of oncogene affected networks in tumorigenesis of lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 773.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Adwait Sathe",
                "org": "University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hyuntae Yoo",
                "org": "University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael Q. Zhang",
                "org": "University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "4P4Umd8W": {
        "id": "4P4Umd8W",
        "title": "FisherMP: fully parallel algorithm for detecting combinatorial motifs from large ChIP-seq datasets.",
        "abstract": "Detecting binding motifs of combinatorial transcription factors (TFs) from chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments is an important and challenging computational problem for understanding gene regulations. Although a number of motif-finding algorithms have been presented, most are either time consuming or have sub-optimal accuracy for processing large-scale datasets. In this article, we present a fully parallelized algorithm for detecting combinatorial motifs from ChIP-seq datasets by using Fisher combined method and OpenMP parallel design. Large scale validations on both synthetic data and 350 ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE database showed that FisherMP has not only super speeds on large datasets, but also has high accuracy when compared with multiple popular methods. By using FisherMP, we successfully detected combinatorial motifs of CTCF, YY1, MAZ, STAT3 and USF2 in chromosome X, suggesting that they are functional co-players in gene regulation and chromosomal organization. Integrative and statistical analysis of these TF-binding peaks clearly demonstrate that they are not only highly coordinated with each other, but that they are also correlated with histone modifications. FisherMP can be applied for integrative analysis of binding motifs and for predicting cis-regulatory modules from a large number of ChIP-seq datasets.",
        "keywords": [
            "ChIP-seq",
            "combinatorial motifs",
            "parallel algorithm"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shaoqiang Zhang",
                "org": "College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Liang",
                "org": "College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyun Wang",
                "org": "College of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengchang Su",
                "org": "Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, NC 28223, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, the University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "9zbwV4MJ": {
        "id": "9zbwV4MJ",
        "title": "Evaluation of Diffusion Coefficient and Surface Emission Coefficient by an Optimization Technique",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Elvin T. Choong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David M. Wetzel",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wood and Fiber Science",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "HcBOw0Jl": {
        "id": "HcBOw0Jl",
        "title": "Optimum Average Diffusion Coefficient: An Objective Index in Description of Wood Drying Data",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Elvin T. Choong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David M. Wetzel",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wood and Fiber Science",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "BNkTDafK": {
        "id": "BNkTDafK",
        "title": "Determining the Effect of Extractives on Moisture Movement Using a \"Continuous\" Measuring System",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Elvin T. Choong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wood and Fiber Science",
        "year": 1994
    },
    "SkrDh4hf": {
        "id": "SkrDh4hf",
        "title": "Effect of Steaming and Hot-Water Soaking on Extractive Distribution and Moisture Diffusivity in Southern Pine During Drying",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Elvin T. Choong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Todd F. Shupe",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wood and Fiber Science",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "iEQUzi0k": {
        "id": "iEQUzi0k",
        "title": "A numerical analysis technique to evaluate the moisture-dependent diffusion coefficient on moisture movement during drying",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Elvin T. Choong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David M. Wetzel",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wood and Fiber Science",
        "year": 1996
    },
    "162D4KwN": {
        "id": "162D4KwN",
        "title": "Quench Characteristics Comparison Between Solid Nitrogen and Conduction Cooled REBCO Coil Under Thermal Disturbance and Over Current Pulse",
        "abstract": "In power system application of high temperature superconducting (HTS) equipment, large amount of heat caused by thermal disturbance or over current during sudden electric interruptions will endanger the thermal stability of HTS devices. However, solid nitrogen (SN 2 ) with large heat capacity can enhance the thermal stability of HTS magnets. In this paper, the quench characteristics of SN 2  and conduction cooled REBCO coil under thermal disturbance and over current pulse has been investigated at 60 K. For the thermal disturbance experiment, the minimum quench energy, longitudinal and transverse normal zone propagation velocities in SN 2 , and conduction cooled system are compared and discussed. The strain response property of the coil from quench to complete cooled down after power off during the quench process has also been preliminarily discussed. What is more, the accumulated peak voltage and strain of the coil during the over current pulse test has been studied. These results show that SN 2  can help to enhance the thermal stability of REBCO coil under thermal disturbance and over current pulse.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liyuan Liu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyang Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinsheng Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "WIAFrEy7": {
        "id": "WIAFrEy7",
        "title": "Impact of fatigue loading on the critical current of Bi-2223 tapes under background magnetic field",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In practical applications, such as superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) magnets or alternate current applications of superconducting power cables, high temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes are subject to cyclical loads caused by repeated thermal cycles and periodic electromagnetic forces. These repeated loads will affect electromechanical properties of the tapes. Previous electromechanical properties studies have provided useful information on the performance of multifilament Bi-2223 tapes under different forms of fatigue loading. The impact of axial tensile fatigue loading on the critical current ( I  c ) under external magnetic field, however, has not been reported. In this work, we studied the variation of  I  c  of the Bi-2223 tapes with the background magnetic field after different cycles of fatigue at 77 K. It was found that the effect of stress amplitude on the degradation of  I  c  for Bi-2223 tapes was more significant than the maximum stress. When the maximum fatigue stress approached the irreversible stress limit, the copper alloy reinforced Bi-2223 tapes still had good current-carrying properties after 10 5  fatigue loadings.  I  c  became less sensitive to the external magnetic field with the increase of the number of fatigue cycle.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Levitation Technologies and Maglev Trains (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyang Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Levitation Technologies and Maglev Trains (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Levitation Technologies and Maglev Trains (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinsheng Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Levitation Technologies and Maglev Trains (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Levitation Technologies and Maglev Trains (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Levitation Technologies and Maglev Trains (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Levitation Technologies and Maglev Trains (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cryogenics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "TYrwBIqt": {
        "id": "TYrwBIqt",
        "title": "Quench Behavior Comparison Between Solid Nitrogen and Conduction Cooled REBCO Coated Conductor",
        "abstract": "The quench properties for REBCO conductor in SN2 and conduction cooled system are studied. The normal zone propagation velocity determined by voltage, temperature, and strain methods is compared to demonstrate the feasibility of strain method to detect the quench of the REBCO conductor.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liyuan Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyang Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xifeng Pan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinsheng Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "CRTX3taY": {
        "id": "CRTX3taY",
        "title": "Fatigue Behavior of Critical Current Degradation for YBCO Tapes at 77 K",
        "abstract": "In the application of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes, they are prone to subject fatigue loadings such as repeated thermal cycles, periodic electromagnetic force, and so on, which will affect the performance of superconductors and lead to the degradation of superconducting magnets and power systems. To optimize the design of a superconducting device, it is important to fully understand the fatigue properties of REBCO conductors. Recently, fatigue loading that influences critical current   $(I_{{text{c}}})$    of HTS materials has been studied by several research teams. However, the influence of mechanical fatigue stress on REBCO tapes under background magnetic field has not been reported. In this paper, the   $I_{{text{c}}}$   as a function of external magnetic field under different loading cycles was investigated at 77 K. The results showed that for fatigue damage of a YBCO-coated conductor, the influence of stress amplitude on    $I_{{text{c}}}$   degradation is more significant than the maximum stress applied to the coated conductor. Under higher fatigue load cycles, the YBCO-coated conductor was insensitive to the external magnetic field.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyang Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liyuan Liu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinsheng Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhao",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle (Ministry of Education), Superconductivity and New Energy R&D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Wup4Kv4z": {
        "id": "Wup4Kv4z",
        "title": "Ultrasonic time-reversal-based imaging for rapid non-destructive evaluation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chengguang Fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Insight",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "nQDVhhKt": {
        "id": "nQDVhhKt",
        "title": "Field-induced single molecule magnet behavior of a DyIII-NaI one-dimensional chain extended by acetate ions",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A novel Dy III -Na I  one-dimensional chain, namely [Dy III Na I (L)(CH 3 CO 2 ) 2 ] n ·2CH 3 CN ( 1 , H 2 L = N1,N3‑bis(3‑methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine), was synthesized by treating H 2 L, di-2-pyridyl ketone (dpk), and NaHCO 3  with Dy(CH 3 CO 2 ) 2 ·6H 2 O in acetonitrile. Complex  1  was characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and magnetic properties. Structural analyses revealed that  1  consists of a neutral one-dimensional (1D) chain. In each [DyNa] unit, one Dy III  and one Na I  ions are bridged by two phenoxido O atoms from one L 2−  ligand and one carboxyl O atom from one CH 3 CO 2  − . Moreover, the [DyNa] units were further connected by two carboxyl O atoms from another CH 3 CO 2  − . The magnetic studies revealed that  1  exhibits the field-induced single molecule magnet behavior with an effective energy of 13.21 K. The orientation of the anisotropy axes for the Dy III  in  1  was estimated by Magellan program, indicating that the directionality of the anisotropic axes is almost collinear to the Dy1-O8 bond, with an angle of 3.085°.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qiao-Qiao Long",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao-Bo Hu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui-Sheng Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Ling Yin",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "You Song",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zai-Chao Zhang",
                "org": "Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Chemistry of Low-dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bi-Tian Xia",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Quan Pan",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inorganic Chemistry Communications",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "6VPOhh4A": {
        "id": "6VPOhh4A",
        "title": "Effect of calcination temperature on the structure and performance of CeOx–MnOx/TiO2 nanoparticles for the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene",
        "abstract": "In this study, MnOx/TiO2, CeOx/TiO2, and CeOx-MnOx/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by the homogeneous precipitation method. The effect of calcination temperature on the structure and catalytic performance of CeOx-MnOx/TiO2 mixed oxide cata- lyst in the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene was investigated. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, transmis- sion electron microscopy, Raman spectra, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, and X-ray photo- electron spectroscopy. The results indicate that calci- nation significantly affect the activity of the prepared catalysts. When calcined at a low temperature such as 400 C, Ce, and Mn species form a solid solution of MnCeOx in the catalyst, thus locating the O atoms in a perturbed chemical surrounding in the catalysts. This increases the mobility of the O atoms during the reaction, probably contributing to the highest catalytic activity of CeOx-MnOx/TiO2 among all the tested catalysts. However, a further increase in the calcination temperature decreased the performance of the catalyst for the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene. This is probably because of a reduction in surface chemi- sorbed oxygen concentration, a decrease in the inter- face area between metal oxides and MnCeOx caused by the isolation of MnOx or CeO2 from MnCeOx, and a decrease in the specific surface area of CeOx-MnOx/ TiO2 catalyst due to the sintering of catalyst.",
        "keywords": [
            "CeOx–MnOx/TiO2",
            " Calcination temperature",
            " Catalytic combustion",
            " Chlorobenzene",
            " MnCeOx solid solution"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fei He",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pei Zhao",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shantang Liu",
                "org": "Wuhan Institute of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Nanoparticle Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "SxR3iZW8": {
        "id": "SxR3iZW8",
        "title": "A Dy-based complex with the magnetic relaxation behavior regulated by enclosing one DyIII ion into a Calix[8]arene ligand",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui-Sheng Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao-Bo Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiao-Qiao Long",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Ling Yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zai-Chao Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Quan Pan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inorganic Chemistry Communications",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "QGkBIgWl": {
        "id": "QGkBIgWl",
        "title": "Synthesis, crystal structures and magnetic properties of a series of pentanuclear heterometallic [CuII3LnIII2] (Ln = Ho, Dy, Gd) complexes containing mixed organic ligands",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we present the synthesis, crystal structures and magnetic properties of three complexes with formulae [Cu3Ln2(L)2(teaH)2(N3)2Cl2]∙xCH3CN (H2L = N1,N3-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine, teaH3 = triethanolamine; Ln = Ho, x = 3 for 1, Ln = Dy, x = 2 for 2 and Ln = Gd, x = 3 for 3), and the structural topologies of 1-3 are unprecedented. The structural analyses revealed that the metal ions in 1-3 formed a kite-like topology with Ln1, Ln2 and Cu1 located on the body, while Cu2 and Cu3 located on the both wings. The dc data of 3 were fitted, which showed that the magnetic couplings are antiferromagntic between CuII and between GdIII ions, while they are ferromagnetic between CuII and GdIII ions. AC magnetic susceptibility studies for 1 and 2 indicated that both complexes exihibit frequency dependent χu0027u0027 signals at low temperature, but no χu0027u0027 peaks were observed, which may be due to the distortion from ideal geometry for HoIII in 1 and DyIII in 2 and the presence of weak magnetic couplings between paramagnetic ions within two complexes. For 3, the ac magnetic susceptibilities with zero dc fields show no frequency dependent χu0027u0027 signals because of the isotropy of GdIII. The orientation of the easy magnetization axes of two DyIII in 2 were estimated by Magellan program, indicating that the magnetic anisotropy axes for Dy1 and Dy2 are almost perpendicular with the angle of 86.630°.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiao-Qiao Long",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaobo Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui-Sheng Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Yong Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "You Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zaichao Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng-Jun Yang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "New Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "9k7khS7n": {
        "id": "9k7khS7n",
        "title": "Regulation of magnetic relaxation behavior by replacing 3d transition metal ions in [M 2 Dy 2 ] complexes containing two different organic chelating ligands.",
        "abstract": "Four tetranuclear 3d-4f complexes, namely [Fe2Ln2(L)2(teaH)2(Cl)2](NO3)2·4CH3CN (H2L = N1,N3-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine, teaH3 = triethanolamine, Ln = Dy for 1 and Ln = Gd for 1') and [Co2Ln2(L)2(pdm)2(CH3COO)2(CH3OH)2](NO3)2·xCH3OH·yH2O (pdmH2 = 2,6-pyridinedimethanol, Ln = Dy, x = 5 and y = 2.5 for 2 and Ln = Gd, x = 6 and y = 1.5 for 2'), have been reported. Two FeIII and two DyIII in 1 formed a zigzag Fe1-Dy1-Dy1a-Fe1a arrangement with a Fe1-Dy1-Dy1a angle of 105.328(3)°. However, in contrast to 1, two CoIII and two DyIII ions in 2 formed a more linear Co1-Dy1-Dy1a-Co1a arrangement with a Co1-Dy1-Dy1a angle of 141.86(2)°. Additionally, two DyIII ions in 1 are eight-coordinated with a triangular dodecahedron geometry, while two DyIII ions in 2 adopt nine-coordination with a muffin geometry. Magnetic studies revealed slow magnetic relaxation behavior for 1, with an energy barrier Ea of 6.9 K. For 2, single molecule magnet behavior was presented under a zero dc field with an effective energy barrier Ueff of 64.0(9) K. Ab initio calculations for 1 and 2 indicate that compared to 2, complex 1 has a larger transversal magnetic moment of its ground Kramers doublets (KD) and a larger value of the tunnelling parameter (Δt) for the exchanged coupled ground state, which may result in poor single molecule magnet behavior for 1.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui-Sheng Wang",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China. wangch198201@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Ling Yin",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China. wangch198201@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao-Bo Hu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China. yousong@nju.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China. wangch198201@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Quan Pan",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China. wangch198201@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "You Song",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China. yousong@nju.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Quan Zhang",
                "org": "Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. zhangyiquan@njnu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zai-Chao Zhang",
                "org": "Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Chemistry of Low-dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, P. R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "IchRcoAf": {
        "id": "IchRcoAf",
        "title": "Regulation of magnetic relaxation behavior by replacing of 3d transition metal ions for the [M2Dy2] complexes containing two kinds of organic chelating ligands",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui-Sheng Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Ling Yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaobo Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Quan Pan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "You Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-Quan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zaichao Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Dalton Transactions",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "RoARHFfy": {
        "id": "RoARHFfy",
        "title": "A study on the correlation between technology innovation and the new-type urbanization in Shaanxi province",
        "abstract": "In the past three decades, China has experienced vigorous urbanization. However, the economy-centered urbanization caused social issues and is being replaced by the new-type people-centered urbanization. Technology innovation plays a key role in urbanization. Previous studies examine the relationship between technology innovation and the traditional economy-centered urbanization. But the relationship between technology innovation and the new-type people-centered urbanization remains unknown. As such, this paper develops a comprehensive evaluation index system for technology innovation and the new-type urbanization based on the data from Shaanxi province between 2000 and 2014. A variation coefficient method is applied to determine the weight of each index. Then a model is proposed and tested. At the end, conclusions are reached based on the results of the tests on the model. Recommendations for dealing with technology innovation and the new-type urbanization are provided.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Juan Shang",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xian, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuo Wang",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xian, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, PA 15068-1765, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengfei Li",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xian, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Technological Forecasting and Social Change",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "98obwEsy": {
        "id": "98obwEsy",
        "title": "The relationship between population growth and capital allocation in urbanization",
        "abstract": "Over the past three decades, China is experiencing a massive rural-urban migration. Research have identified issues in the rapid urbanization in China and explored the solutions. But the roles that population growth and capital allocation play in urbanization were disconnected in previous studies. As such, this study explores the interaction between urban-rural population distribution and capital allocation in the process of urbanization. In specific, this paper performs an empirical test to examine the population changes and the efficiency of capital allocation based on the data of urbanization in China from 1985 to 2014. The results show that a long-term equilibrium exists between the proportion of urban-rural population and the difference of marginal productivity between urban areas and rural areas. The course of the deterioration of the efficiency of the urban-rural capital distribution is found as well.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Juan Shang",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengfei Li",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, PA 15068-1765, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Technological Forecasting and Social Change",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "QmMfsOgK": {
        "id": "QmMfsOgK",
        "title": "Leadership style and innovation atmosphere in enterprises: An empirical study",
        "abstract": "Existing literatures have explored the positive effect of leadership style on innovation atmosphere from a team perspective. However, much attention has been paid to transformational leadership style, whereas studies on transactional leadership style are not available. To this end, this paper explores the relationship between the two leadership styles and innovation atmosphere in enterprises. The intermediary role that trust and individual identification play in the relationship between leadership style and innovation atmosphere is examined as well. We conduct a survey on 294 respondents and run hierarchical regression and adjustment regression. The results show that (1) transformational leadership style can facilitate to build trust and individual identification; (2) transformational leadership style is more helpful for building innovation atmosphere; (3) it is easier for leaders with transformational leadership style to build trust and that trust positively affects innovation atmosphere; (4) trust and individual identity are helpful for creating innovation atmosphere; (5) trust and individual identification play an intermediary role between transformational leadership style and innovation atmosphere; (6) trust does not play an intermediary role between transactional leadership style and innovation atmosphere, whereas individual identity does. Implications from the findings are discussed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yongping Xie",
                "org": "School of Economics & Management, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Xue",
                "org": "School of Foreign Studies, Xi'an University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710065, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Anmin Wang",
                "org": "School of Economics & Management, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX 78041, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qianlin Zheng",
                "org": "School of Economics & Management, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yayun Wang",
                "org": "School of Economics & Management, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjuan Li",
                "org": "School of Business Administration, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Technological Forecasting and Social Change",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "sbjHrwvl": {
        "id": "sbjHrwvl",
        "title": "The impact of firms' mergers and acquisitions on their performance in emerging economies",
        "abstract": "This paper explores the relationship between mergers and acquisitions and firm performance by running a partial least squares regression with the data of listed Chinese pharmaceutical firms from 2008 to 2016. The results show that when other conditions are unchanged, value-chain-extension mergers and acquisitions and technology-seeking mergers and acquisitions are positively related to firm performance, and that the correlation between mixed mergers and acquisitions and firm performance is not significant. In addition, this study finds that firm growth ability, firm exclusive assets, firm size, and firm age positively impact firmsu0027 performance after their mergers and acquisitions, and that corporate governance, firm property right, and firm solvency have no impact on firm performance after mergers and acquisitions. Implications of the findings are discussed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Weihong Zhang",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xian, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kecheng Wang",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xian, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, PA 15068-1765, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmeng Wang",
                "org": "School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xian, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Technological Forecasting and Social Change",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "hny1Mk6p": {
        "id": "hny1Mk6p",
        "title": "Paracoccus indicus sp. nov., isolated from surface seawater in the Indian Ocean.",
        "abstract": "Strain IO390502, isolated from surface seawater in the Indian Ocean, was characterised using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain IO390502 belongs to the genus Paracoccus and is closely related to Paracoccus seriniphilus DSM 14827 (97.6%), followed by P. zeaxanthinifaciens JCM 21774 (97.5%), P. homiensis DSM 17862 (97.3%), P. marcusii DSM 11574 (97.2%), P. haeundaensis BC 74171 (97.0%) and P. carotinifaciens E-396 (97.0%). Cells are Gram-negative, aerobic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating, motile, rod-shaped, and forms creamy-white colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 25-30 °C, pH 5-8, and in the presence of 3-8% NaCl. The genome of strain IO390502 has a G+C content of 64.9 mol% and a 3.5 Mb chromosome. The in silico DNA-DNA hybridisation and average nucleotide identity values between strain IO390502 and the three closely related taxa, P. seriniphilus DSM 14827, P. zeaxanthinifaciens JCM 21774 and P. homiensis DSM 17862, are 19.6%, 21.9% and 20.6%, and 76.0%, 79.9% and 77.8%, respectively. Phosphatidylglycerol is the major lipid present, ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) is the sole isoprenoid quinone, and the major cellular fatty acid is Cω7c. Based on data from phenotypic tests and genotypic differences between strain IO390502 and its close phylogenetic relatives, strain IO390502 represents a new species belonging to the genus Paracoccus, for which the name Paracoccus indicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IO390502 (= JCM 32637 = CCTCC AB 2018071).",
        "keywords": [
            "Cell morphology",
            "Classification",
            "Indian Ocean",
            "Paracoccus",
            "Phylogenetic analysis",
            "Surface seawater"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Danqiu Lin",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sidong Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yizhe Huang",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jifang Yang",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China. jfkwlq@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jigang Chen",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, People's Republic of China. genomic@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Antonie van Leeuwenhoek",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "4JA5nT5H": {
        "id": "4JA5nT5H",
        "title": "Devosia naphthalenivorans sp. nov., isolated from East Pacific Ocean sediment.",
        "abstract": "A Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated CM5-1, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from the East Pacific Ocean. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain CM5-1 belongs to the genus Devosia, with closely related type strains Devosia submarina KMM 9415 (98.6 %), Devosia psychrophilaCr7-05 (98.6 %) and Devosia psychrophilaE84 (98.2 %). Up-to-date bacterial core gene set analysis revealed that strain CM5-1 represents one independent lineage with D. submarina KMM 9415. The average nucleotide identity values of CM5-1 with D. submarina KMM 9415 and D. psychrophila Cr7-05 are 80.1 and 77.9 %, respectively. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain CM5-1 and D. submarina KMM 9415 and D. psychrophila Cr7-05 are 23.8 and 21.9 %, respectively. Strain CM5-1 contains diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and glycolipid as major polar lipids. The sole isoprenoid quinone is ubiquinone-10, and C18 : 1ω7c and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c are the dominant cellular fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 61.4 mol%. Differential phylogenetic distinctiveness and chemotaxonomic differences, together with the phenotypic properties observed in this study, revealed that strain CM5-1 could be differentiated from closely related species. Therefore, we propose strain CM5-1 as a novel species of the genus Devosia, for which the name Devosia naphthalenivorans sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is CM5-1 (=JCM32509=CGMCC 1.13553).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sidong Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Danqiu Lin",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing Wang",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jifang Yang",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jigang Chen",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "GgDWQ2uD": {
        "id": "GgDWQ2uD",
        "title": "[Bacterial diversity in deep-sea sediments from two stations in the east Pacific polymetallic nodule province].",
        "abstract": "The bacterial communities in sediments from WBC1305 are dominated mainly by gamma-Proteobacteria and from WBC1316A by Firmicutes. In addition, the bacterial community structure at WBC1316A is more abundant and complex than that at WBC1305.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaohuan Jing",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shangling Xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Sidong Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jifang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jigang Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Wei sheng wu xue bao = Acta microbiologica Sinica",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "4deRtoKt": {
        "id": "4deRtoKt",
        "title": "Alteromonas indica sp. nov., isolated from surface seawater from the Indian Ocean.",
        "abstract": "A Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated strain IO390401, was isolated from a seawater sample from the sulphide region of the Indian Ocean. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain IO390401 is a member of the genus Alteromonas, sharing 97.0-97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Alteromonas additaR10SW13, A. stellipolaris LMG 21861, A. naphthalenivorans JCM 17741, A. gracilis 9a2 and A. australica H17, and 94.8-96.8 % with the type strains of other species of the genus Alteromonas. Strain IO390401 contained ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) as the sole isoprenoid quinone, C16:0 and C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c as the dominant cellular fatty acids, and phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine as the major polar lipids. The genome of strain IO390401 consists of a 4.4 Mb chromosome with a G+C content of 48.2 mol%. Average nucleotide identity values between strain IO390401 and the three closest phylogenetic neighbours, namely A. additaR10SW13, A. stellipolaris LMG 21861 and A. naphthalenivorans JCM 17741, were 70.5, 70.4 and 70.6 %, respectively, and the corresponding in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values were 20.6, 20.7 and 21.1 %. Phylogenetic distinctiveness and chemotaxonomic differences, together with phenotypic properties determined in this study, revealed that strain IO390401 could be differentiated from closely related species. It is therefore proposed as representing a novel species in the genus Alteromonas, for which the name Alteromonas indica sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is IO390401 (=JCM 32638=CGMCC 1.13554=CCTCC AB 2018072).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Danqiu Lin",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sidong Zhu",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jifang Yang",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jigang Chen",
                "org": "College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "zSTrGBrB": {
        "id": "zSTrGBrB",
        "title": "A novel, noncoding-RNA-mediated, post-transcriptional mechanism of AMH regulation by the H19/let-7 axis.",
        "abstract": "In reproductive age women, the pool of primordial follicles is continuously depleted through the process of cyclic recruitment. AMH both inhibits the initial recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing pool and modulates the sensitivity of growing follicles to FSH. Thus, AMH may be an important modulator of female infertility and ovarian reserve; however, the mechanisms regulating AMH remain unclear.To evaluate AMH levels in the absence of H19 lncRNA, H19 knockout (H19KO) mice were evaluated for analysis of ovarian AMH gene expression, protein production, and reproductive function, including assessment of follicle numbers and litter size analysis. To further investigate regulation of AMH by the H19/let-7 axis, let-7 binding sites on AMH were predicted, and in vitro studies of the effect of H19 knockdown/overexpression with let-7 rescue were performed. Lastly, response to superovulation was assessed via oocyte counts and estradiol measurements.The H19KO mouse demonstrates subfertility and accelerated follicular recruitment with increased spontaneous development of secondary, preantral and antral follicles. Ovaries of H19KO mice have decreased AMH mRNA and protein, and AMH mRNA has a functional let-7 binding site, suggesting a plausible ncRNA-mediated mechanism for AMH regulation by H19/let-7. Lastly, in the absence of H19, superovulation results in higher estradiol and more oocytes, suggesting that H19 functions to limit the number of follicles that mature, produce estradiol, and ovulate. Thus, AMH's inhibitory actions are regulated at least in part by H19, likely via let-7, marking this ncRNA pair as important regulators of the establishment and maintenance of the follicular pool.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunrong Qin",
                "org": "Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare, Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Xia",
                "org": "Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanhong Fan",
                "org": "Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Jiang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Na Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bahar Uslu",
                "org": "Department of In Vitro Fertilization, Zeynep Kamil Gynecologic and Pediatric Teaching & Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey."
            },
            {
                "name": "Joshua Johnson",
                "org": "Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver (AMC), Aurora, Colorado."
            },
            {
                "name": "Amanda N Kallen",
                "org": "Assistant Professor, Yale School of Medicine, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar St, P.O. Box 208063, New Haven, CT 06510."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biology of reproduction",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "oJH7azLC": {
        "id": "oJH7azLC",
        "title": "Absence of the long noncoding RNA H19 results in aberrant ovarian STAR and progesterone production",
        "abstract": "The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) governs the rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis, and its expression varies depending on the needs of the specific tissue. It is well known that tight control of steroid production is essential for multiple processes involved in reproduction. We recently showed that Star is regulated at the posttranscriptional level in vitro by H19 and let-7. Here we demonstrate that this novel regulatory mechanism is functional in vivo, regulated by cAMP, and that loss of H19 not only disrupts ovarian STAR but also results in altered progesterone production in an H19KO mouse model. This work further strengthens the possibility that noncoding-RNA-mediated regulation of STAR may play an important role in the regulation of steroid hormone production, and contributes further to our understanding of the many ways in which this important gene is regulated. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.",
        "keywords": [
            "cAMP",
            "H19",
            "let-7",
            "lncRNA",
            "Long noncoding RNA",
            "Progesterone",
            "StAR",
            "Steroidogenesis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province  350122, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Wang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanhong Fan",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunrong Qin",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Xia",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Joshua Johnson",
                "org": "Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO  80045, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Amanda N Kallen",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "SXT5hqTm": {
        "id": "SXT5hqTm",
        "title": "A novel, noncoding-RNA-mediated, post-transcriptional mechanism of anti-Mullerian hormone regulation by the H19/let-7 axis",
        "abstract": "In reproductive age women, the pool of primordial follicles is continuously depleted through the process of cyclic recruitment. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) both inhibits the initial recruitment of primordial follicles into the growing pool and modulates the sensitivity of growing follicles to follicle stimulating hormone. Thus, AMH may be an important modulator of female infertility and ovarian reserve; however, the mechanisms regulating AMH remain unclear. To evaluate AMH levels in the absence of H19 lncRNA, H19 knockout (H19KO) mice were evaluated for analysis of ovarian AMH gene expression, protein production, and reproductive function, including assessment of follicle numbers and litter size analysis. To further investigate regulation of AMH by the H19/let-7 axis, let-7 binding sites on AMH were predicted, and in vitro studies of the effect of H19 knockdown/overexpression with let-7 rescue were performed. Lastly, response to superovulation was assessed via oocyte counts and estradiol measurements. The H19KO mouse demonstrates subfertility and accelerated follicular recruitment with increased spontaneous development of secondary, preantral, and antral follicles. Ovaries of H19KO mice have decreased AMH mRNA and protein, and AMH mRNA has a functional let-7 binding site, suggesting a plausible ncRNA-mediated mechanism for AMH regulation by H19/let-7. Lastly, in the absence of H19, superovulation results in higher estradiol and more oocytes, suggesting that H19 functions to limit the number of follicles that mature, produce estradiol, and ovulate. Thus, AMH’s inhibitory actions are regulated at least in part by H19, likely via let-7, marking this ncRNA pair as important regulators of the establishment and maintenance of the follicular pool. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for the Study of Reproduction. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "AMH",
            "H19",
            "Infertility",
            "Let-7",
            "LncRNA",
            "Long noncoding RNA",
            "MicroRNA",
            "MiRNA",
            "Noncoding RNA",
            "Ovarian reserve"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunrong Qin",
                "org": "Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare, Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Xia",
                "org": "Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanhong Fan",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Jiang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Na Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bahar Uslu",
                "org": "Quinnipiac University, Frank H. Netter School of Medicine, North Haven, CT, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Joshua Johnson",
                "org": "Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver (AMC), Aurora, CO, United States"
            },
            {
                "name": "Amanda N Kallen",
                "org": "Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Yale School of Medicine, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, CT, United States"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biology of Reproduction",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "X5KSsGtj": {
        "id": "X5KSsGtj",
        "title": "A novel, noncoding-RNA-mediated, post-transcriptional mechanism of anti-Mullerian hormone regulation by the H19/let-7 axis.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunrong Qin",
                "org": "Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare, Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Xia",
                "org": "Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanhong Fan",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Hospital of Beijing University, Beijing, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Jiang",
                "org": "Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of BasicMedical Sciences, FujianMedical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Na Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bahar Uslu",
                "org": "Quinnipiac University, Frank H. Netter School of Medicine, North Haven, CT."
            },
            {
                "name": "Joshua Johnson",
                "org": "Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Denver (AMC), Aurora, Colorado, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Amanda N Kallen",
                "org": "Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Yale School of Medicine, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, Connecticut, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biology of reproduction",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "7cOPY35e": {
        "id": "7cOPY35e",
        "title": "The significance of polymorphism and expression of oestrogen metabolism-related genes in Chinese women with premature ovarian insufficiency.",
        "abstract": "The aim of this study was to investigate whether polymorphism and expression of CYP17, CYP1A1, COMT and SULT1A1 affected the risk of idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in Chinese women. DNA sequencing and real-time PCR were used to detect these genes in 132 cases of idiopathic POI and 132 normal women. A significant increase in the C allele of CYP17 (rs743572) polymorphism was observed in women with POI compared with controls (P = 0.046). A significant decrease was observed in the C allele of CYP1A1 (rs4646903) in women with POI compared with controls (P = 0.004). The A allele of COMT (rs4680) polymorphism was more frequent in women with POI compared with controls (P = 0.029). The genotypic frequency of SULT1A1 (rs9282861) was not significantly different between the two groups. For the relative expression of CYP17 and COMT were statistically significant (both P = 0.066), with false discovery rate controlled at 0.1. No significant difference was observed in the RNA levels of CYP1A1 and SULT1A1 between the two groups. The frequency of expression of the CYP17 T/C variant tended to be higher and the A allele of COMT polymorphism together with down-regulation of its mRNA expression may be more frequent in Chinese women with idiopathic POI.",
        "keywords": [
            "COMT",
            "CYP17",
            "gene expression",
            "gene polymorphism",
            "oestrogen metabolism-related genes",
            "premature ovarian insufficiency"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chunrong Qin",
                "org": "Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing Lin",
                "org": "Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jilong Yao",
                "org": "Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address: yao13823@sina.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiqing Wu",
                "org": "Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiansheng Xie",
                "org": "Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Reproductive biomedicine online",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "KpKx6G7V": {
        "id": "KpKx6G7V",
        "title": "Measurement and analysis of transient overvoltage distribution in transformer windings based on reduced-scale model",
        "abstract": "Non-uniform voltage distribution under transient voltage is a primary cause of breakdown of the major insulation of power transformers. Actual power transformer winding has no tap, and is unable to directly measure impulse voltage distribution. Research on the measurement of impulse voltage distribution is important and practical in engineering. According to the relationship between physical quantities, the present study established a simplified shrinkage ratio criterion. Then, the researchers designed a similar ratio 1/20, typed 10 kVA 220 V/2400 V, tapped transformer reduced-scale model, and used the finite element simulation software to simulate the reduced-scale and the original model of the electromagnetic field. Finally, a test platform was built to measure nanosecond pulse voltage and lightning impulse voltage distribution in transformer winding. The researchers also studied the nanosecond pulse width and lightning wave tail time affecting the winding voltage distribution.",
        "keywords": [
            "Transformer windings",
            "Voltage distribution",
            "Finite element",
            "Transient overvoltage"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qing Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenxia Sima",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongbin Zhao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electric Power Systems Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "QZuFBjZ8": {
        "id": "QZuFBjZ8",
        "title": "Protection radius of bird-preventing installation design for 110 kV suspension insulators based on withstand tests",
        "abstract": "According to IEEE Guide for Reducing Bird-Related Outages, several types of transmission line faults could be induced by birds. The number of birds increases as human awareness of environmental protection increases. Thus, the probability of suspension insulator string flashover induced by bird streamer would also increase. Analysis of transmission line faults in Yunnan, China, shows that many transmission line faults occurred in the winter bird migration zone, and most of the towers affected are 110 kV transmission line towers. Hence, investigating the flashover process of the 110 kV transmission line suspension insulator strings induced by bird streamer and designing a well bird-preventing installation for 110 kV transmission line suspension insulator strings is necessary. In this study, a simplified, self-designed 110 kV transmission line tower is utilized to experiment on the three types of 110 kV transmission line suspension insulator string with bird simulation excrement. The analysis of withstand test results has revealed the mechanism of flashover caused by bird streamer of the three types of suspension insulator string, and the protection radius R of the three types of insulator string has been presented. The mechanism of flashover and test results have been testified by means of the distributions of electric field and potential calculated by FEM method. Thus, the bird streamer caused flashover could be classified as the shortest air gap breakdown. Hence, it is valuable for designing or selecting a well bird-preventing installation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qing Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, 400030, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaquan Ran",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, 400030, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Han",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, 400030, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shangpeng Sun",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, 400030, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, 400030, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangrong Zhou",
                "org": "Electric Power Research Institute, Yunnan Power Grid Company, Kunming 650217, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "9ffNjTeT": {
        "id": "9ffNjTeT",
        "title": "Comparison of Impulse Wave and Sweep Frequency Response Analysis Methods for Diagnosis of Transformer Winding Faults",
        "abstract": "Monitoring of winding faults is the most important item used to determine the maintenance status of a transformer. Commonly used methods for winding-fault diagnosis require the transformer to exit operation before testing and an external exciting signal, whether the transformer is malfunctioning or not. However, if an overvoltage signal can be regarded as a broadband excitation source for fault diagnosis, then the interference caused by signal injection can be eliminated without the need for additional pulse or impulse signals. In this paper, a tapped transformer is designed and test platforms are built to compare winding diagnoses using the impulse wave and sweep frequency response analysis methods by recording voltage responses on both the high- and low-voltage sides and calculating the respective transfer functions. Based on comparison of statistical indicators, it is found that the sensitivities of both methods are similar for detecting conditions of winding-ground and winding-interlayer short circuits. It is concluded that it is feasible to use a transient overvoltage monitoring system for winding-fault diagnosis.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qing Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peiyu Su",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energies",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "KpIhiXF2": {
        "id": "KpIhiXF2",
        "title": "Transient Overvoltage Response Performance of Transformer Windings with Short-circuit Fault",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qing Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peiyu Su",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "e8dqAlxh": {
        "id": "e8dqAlxh",
        "title": "Effectiveness of Live Zoster Vaccine in Preventing Herpes Zoster",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Roger Baxter",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Joan Bartlett",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bruce Fireman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Morgan A. Marks",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "John Hansen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ned Lewis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Laurie Aukes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Patricia Saddier",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Open Forum Infectious Diseases",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "hEAGx49A": {
        "id": "hEAGx49A",
        "title": "Effectiveness of Live Zoster Vaccine in Preventing Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Roger Baxter",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Joan Bartlett",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bruce Fireman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Morgan A. Marks",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "John Hansen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Edwin Lewis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Laurie Aukes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicola P. Klein",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Patricia Saddier",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Open Forum Infectious Diseases",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "BvOnDgCU": {
        "id": "BvOnDgCU",
        "title": "Healthcare Cost and Utilization-Based Risk Score for Predicting Herpes Zoster",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Roger Baxter",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California"
            },
            {
                "name": "Joan Bartlett",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bruce Fireman",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Merck & Co, Inc Pharmaco Epidemiology Department, North Wales, Pennsylvania"
            },
            {
                "name": "John Hansen",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California"
            },
            {
                "name": "Laurie Aukes",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ned Lewis",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California"
            },
            {
                "name": "Patricia Saddier",
                "org": "Merck & Co, Inc Pharmaco Epidemiology Department, North Wales, Pennsylvania"
            },
            {
                "name": "M. Alan Brookhart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Morgan A. Marks",
                "org": "Merck & Co, Inc Pharmaco Epidemiology Department, North Wales, Pennsylvania"
            },
            {
                "name": "Alec Walker",
                "org": "World Health Information Science Consultants, LLC, Newton, Massachusetts"
            },
            {
                "name": "Stefan Gravenstein",
                "org": "Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Open Forum Infectious Diseases",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "bd5k2Dlm": {
        "id": "bd5k2Dlm",
        "title": "Long-Term Effectiveness of the Live Zoster Vaccine in Preventing Shingles: A Cohort Study.",
        "abstract": "A live attenuated zoster vaccine was licensed in the United States in 2006 for prevention of shingles in persons aged 60 years or older; the indication was extended in 2011 to cover those aged 50-59 years. We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) against shingles for 8 years after immunization at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. VE was estimated by Cox regression with a calendar timeline that was stratified by birth year. We adjusted for demographics and time-varying covariates, including comorbidities and immune compromise. From 2007 to 2014, 1.4 million people entered the study when they became age eligible for vaccination; 392,677 (29%) received the zoster vaccine. During 5.8 million person-years of follow-up, 48,889 cases of shingles were observed, including 5,766 among vaccinees. VE was 49.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 47.5, 50.6) across all follow-up. VE was 67.5% (95% CI: 65.4, 69.5) during the first year after vaccination, waned to 47.2% (95% CI: 44.1, 50.1) during the second year after vaccination, and then waned more gradually through year 8, when VE was 31.8% (95% CI: 15.1, 45.2). Unexpectedly, VE in persons vaccinated when they were aged 80 years or older was similar to VE in younger vaccinees, and VE in persons vaccinated when immune compromised was similar to VE in persons vaccinated when immune competent.",
        "keywords": [
            "herpes zoster",
            "herpes zoster vaccine",
            "vaccine effectiveness"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Roger Baxter",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California."
            },
            {
                "name": "Joan Bartlett",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bruce Fireman",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California."
            },
            {
                "name": "Morgan Marks",
                "org": "Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey."
            },
            {
                "name": "John Hansen",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California."
            },
            {
                "name": "Edwin Lewis",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California."
            },
            {
                "name": "Laurie Aukes",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicola P Klein",
                "org": "Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, California."
            },
            {
                "name": "Patricia Saddier",
                "org": "Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American journal of epidemiology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "VlwCWGNV": {
        "id": "VlwCWGNV",
        "title": "Associations between body composition and nutritional assessments and biochemical markers in patients with chronic radiation enteritis: a case-control study.",
        "abstract": "This study revealed that BIS combined with nutritional assessments and biochemical markers were appropriate methods to assess the nutritional and inflammatory status in patients with CRE. Furthermore, the nutritional status was verified to be significantly correlated with systemic inflammation.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biochemical markers",
            "Body composition",
            "Chronic radiation enteritis",
            "Nutritional assessment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhongliang Cai",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling hospital, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Da Cai",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Hangzhou Sanatorium of Nanjing Command, PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Danhua Yao",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling hospital, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Nanjing Clinical College of the Secondary Military Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Wang",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling hospital, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yousheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling hospital, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, China. liys@medmail.com.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nutrition journal",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "n6bZKadx": {
        "id": "n6bZKadx",
        "title": "Recurrent scrotal edema in a patient with radiation enteritis: A case report.",
        "abstract": "Since its introduction as an alternative treatment technique, radiotherapy has been increasingly used as the medical treatment of choice for patients with malignant tumors. However, radiotherapy is associated with a number of common, well-described side effects, which may compromise the quality of life of the patients. Scrotal edema is an infrequent complication in patients who undergo pelvic irradiation, which is suspected to be due to lymphatic obstruction. An extensive literature search found no previous case report describing this complication in patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy. Herein, we present a case of recurrent scrotal edema in a 59-year-old man with prostate cancer and radiation enteritis. Conservative therapy was applied and was successful in relieving the symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of scrotal edema in a patient with radiation enteritis.",
        "keywords": [
            "prostate cancer",
            "radiation enteritis",
            "radiotherapy",
            "scrotal edema"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shengxian Fan",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Wang",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wencheng Kong",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yousheng Li",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular and clinical oncology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "YyxNvbhS": {
        "id": "YyxNvbhS",
        "title": "A Potential Anatomic Subtype of Short Bowel Syndrome: a Matched Nested Case Control Study",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yousheng Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wencheng Kong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodong Ni",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Danhua Yao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengxian Fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongliang Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jieshou Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Transplantation",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "IfeCRl0N": {
        "id": "IfeCRl0N",
        "title": "In renal hypertension, Cirsium japonicum strengthens cardiac function via the intermedin/nitric oxide pathway.",
        "abstract": "Cirsium japonicum, a constituent of traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to exert inflammatory effects as well as to improve the circulation and thus to counteract hematologic stasis. Studies have demonstrated that intermedin (IMD) has protective effects on hypertension in rats by regulating the Ang/NO metabolic pathway. In this study, we investigated whether by regulating the expression of IMD, Cirsium japonicum could improve cardiac function in rats with 2k1c-induced renal hypertension. Renal hypertension was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by occluding the renal artery. The rats were maintained on a normal diet and randomly divided into four groups: sham, 2k1c, 2k1c with Cirsium japonicum (1.8 g/kg per day) and 2k1c with IMD (n = 10 in each group). Cardiac function, plasma angiotensin II (Ang II), IMD, serum nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), as well as the expression of IMD and adrenomedullin (ADM) in the aorta and left ventricle were analyzed. Administration of Cirsium japonicum or IMD significantly strengthened cardiac function in 2k1c-induced rats, increased serum NO and NOS levels, reduced plasma Ang II, and upregulated IMD expression in the aorta and left ventricle. These results demonstrate that Cirsium japonicum has cardioprotective effects on 2k1c-induced renal hypertension in rats via the IMD/NO pathway.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cardiac function",
            "Cirsium japonicum",
            "Intermedin",
            "NO",
            "Renal hypertension"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoling Yang",
                "org": "Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Shao",
                "org": "Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Yinchuan City, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Ding",
                "org": "Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Anning Yang",
                "org": "Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jue Tian",
                "org": "Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanxu Jiang",
                "org": "Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guizhong Li",
                "org": "Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yideng Jiang",
                "org": "Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China. Electronic address: yangxl@nxmu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mRArBFLA": {
        "id": "mRArBFLA",
        "title": "Myeloperoxidase-oxidized high density lipoprotein impairs atherosclerotic plaque stability by inhibiting smooth muscle cell migration.",
        "abstract": "These findings implicate MPO-catalyzed oxidization of HDL may contribute to atherosclerotic plaque instability by inhibiting SMC proliferation and migration through MAPK-ERK pathway which was dependent on SR-BI.",
        "keywords": [
            "Atherosclerosis",
            "HDL",
            "MPO",
            "Migration",
            "Proliferation",
            "Protein kinases/MAP kinase",
            "Smooth muscle cell"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Boda Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingyun Zu",
                "org": "Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, 618000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xilong Zheng",
                "org": "Department Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhui Wang",
                "org": "The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Pan",
                "org": "The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Dong",
                "org": "The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Enchen Zhou",
                "org": "The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingming Zhao",
                "org": "The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Youyi Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lemin Zheng",
                "org": "The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. zhengl@bjmu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Gao",
                "org": "Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides of Ministry of Health, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. weigao@bjmu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Lipids in health and disease",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ESXYODsF": {
        "id": "ESXYODsF",
        "title": "Severe hypertriglyceridemia does not protect from ischemic brain injury in gene-modified hypertriglyceridemic mice.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a weak risk factor in primary ischemic stroke prevention. However, clinical studies have found a counterintuitive association between a good prognosis after ischemic stroke and HTG. This “HTG paradox” requires confirmation and further explanation. The aim of this study was to experimentally assess this paradox relationship using the gene-modified mice model of extreme HTG. We first used the human Apolipoprotein CIII transgenic (Tg-ApoCIII) mice and non-transgenic (Non-Tg) littermates to examine the effect of HTG on stroke. To our surprise, infarct size, neurological deficits, brain edema, BBB permeability, neuron density and lipid peroxidation were the same in Tg-ApoCIII mice and Non-Tg mice after temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). In the late phase (21 days after surgery), no differences were found in brain atrophy, neurological dysfunctions, weight and mortality between the two groups. To confirm the results in Tg-ApoCIII mice, Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1(GPIHBP1) knockout mice, another severe HTG mouse model, were used and yielded similar results. Our study demonstrates for the first time that extreme HTG does not affect ischemic brain injuries in the tMCAO mouse model, indicating that the association between HTG and good outcomes after ischemic stroke probably represents residual unmeasured confounding. Further clinical and prospective population-based studies are needed to explore variables that contribute to the paradox.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of neurology, People׳s Hospital of Deyang City, Taishian North Road 173, Deyang City 618000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Liu",
                "org": "Department of neurology, People׳s Hospital of Deyang City, Taishian North Road 173, Deyang City 618000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rong Qi",
                "org": "Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Hai Dian District, 100083 Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhui Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Hai Dian District, 100083 Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "George Liu",
                "org": "Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Hai Dian District, 100083 Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun Wang",
                "org": "Department of neurology, People׳s Hospital of Deyang City, Taishian North Road 173, Deyang City 618000, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Brain Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "wkoaBp5s": {
        "id": "wkoaBp5s",
        "title": "Late nitrogen application enhances spikelet number in indica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)",
        "abstract": "To increase rice yield potential, field experiments were conducted in farmers’ paddies in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen applications on the yield and panicle components of three typical indica hybrid rice varieties in Sichuan Province. The number of grains per panicle resulting from late nitrogen application (LA) was 12 % greater than that obtained from traditional nitrogen application (TA); this increase was the main source of improvements in yield. The number of surviving and differentiated spikelets (NSS and NDiS) resulting from LA was significantly higher than that measured under TA, especially for the Fyou498 cultivar, where the NSS and NDiS increased by 15 % and 14 %, respectively. Compared with TA, the number of degenerated secondary branches and the percentage of degenerated secondary branches (NDeSB and PDeSB) were significantly reduced by 9 % and 11 %, respectively, by LA. This is the first study to demonstrate that an increase in NSS and a decrease in NDeSB lead to yield-improving effects attributable to LA. The grain yields of different varieties ranged from 9225.6 to 9408.7 kg ha−1, the PDeSB was as high as 31 %, and the number of surviving secondary branches (NSSB) was significantly and positively correlated with NSS. These data indicate that the yield of indica hybrid rice has considerable potential for being improved, and increasing NSSB is key to increasing NSS and improving the grain yield. These improvements should be pursued so as to increase the yield of hybrid rice to ensure both food security and sustainable agricultural development.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhou",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tengfei Lv",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianfeng Hu",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wanjun Ren",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientia Agricola",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "UNtL2GyF": {
        "id": "UNtL2GyF",
        "title": "Environmental Compensation Effect and Synergistic Mechanism of Optimized Nitrogen Management Increasing Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Indica Hybrid Rice.",
        "abstract": "Modern rice cultivation relies heavily upon inorganic nitrogen fertilization. Effective fertilizer management is key to sustainable agricultural development. Field and pot trials were conducted in 2014-2016, including a N-labeled urea pot experiment (2014) to investigate mechanism by which optimized nitrogen fertilizer application (OFA) increases nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE). Results showed that the applied nitrogen recovery efficiencies with OFA were 71.71%, 110.17%, and 51.38% higher than those obtained with traditional nitrogen fertilizer application (TFA) in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. These improvements are attributed mainly to the high recovery efficiency rates derived from spikelet-developing and spikelet-promoting fertilizer applications at the jointing stage and 15-20 d after jointing. Under OFA, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied at the early stages was half that used in TFA, which not only promoted the absorption of soil nitrogen, but also reduced nitrogen loss to the environment, as the NUE of basal and tillering fertilizer was only about 22%. Nitrogen applied during the panicle differentiation stage increased the expression of , a NH  transporter in roots. This effect significantly improved the uptake of nitrogen derived from fertilizer from jointing to heading stage. Up-regulation of the expression and activity of  and  at the panicle differentiation and grain-filling stages promoted nitrogen translocation from vegetative organs to reproductive organs. The uptake of nitrogen derived from fertilizer increased from 22.51% in TFA to 35.58% in OFA. Nevertheless, rice absorbs most of the nitrogen it requires from the soil. The OFA treatment could effectively utilize the environmental compensation effect, promote the absorption and transport of nitrogen, and ultimately lead to improvement in NUE. Future research should aim to understand the soil nitrogen supply capacity in order to apply nitrogenous fertilizer in such a way that it sustains the nitrogen balance.",
        "keywords": [
            "15N-isotope",
            "GS/GOGAT",
            "nitrogen absorption",
            "nitrogen translocation",
            "nitrogen utilization efficiency",
            "soil fertilizer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhou",
                "org": "Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiping Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Ecoagriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Binhua Hu",
                "org": "Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junko Yamagishi",
                "org": "Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wanjun Ren",
                "org": "Institute of Ecoagriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in plant science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "IG5Y18cm": {
        "id": "IG5Y18cm",
        "title": "Effect of morin-HP-β-CD inclusion complex on anti-ultraviolet and antioxidant properties of gelatin film",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The inclusion complex of morin with hydroxypropyl-β-CD (MIC) was prepared. A series of antioxidant films containing MIC at different concentration (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 g/100 g gelatin) were constructed. The aim of this study was to use MIC to prepare gelatin film (GF) and evaluate the effects of the MIC on the physiochemical and antioxidant properties of the GF. The results showed that the films exhibited excellent anti-ultraviolet ability. The film properties of tensile strength, thermal stability, and antioxidant ability were also increased at higher concentration of MIC (p",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shujing Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanchuan Guo",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Reactive & Functional Polymers",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "yIJ7auTD": {
        "id": "yIJ7auTD",
        "title": "Morphophysiological mechanism of rice yield increase in response to optimized nitrogen management.",
        "abstract": "The yield-increasing mechanism of an optimized nitrogen fertilizer application (OFA) in rice was reported in this work through a three-year test. Results showed that the number of branches and spikelets increased, panicle length, the diameter and vascular bundle number of panicle-neck internode improved with OFA. Under the condition of OFA, high effective leaf areas, especially for the flag and the second upper leaf areas, increased, the net photosynthetic rate of the upper three leaves promoted, so the photosynthetic productivity went up by a large margin; moreover, the content of soluble protein and chlorophyll of leaf also increased, and the content of soluble sugar and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased, as a result in slowing down the senescence speed in leaves, and increasing the photosynthetic time. Gene expression level, including MOC1, LAX1, SP1, GS1;1, were up-regulated obviously in different panicle initiation stage under OFA condition, which conduced to the increase in the secondary branches and spikelets. So we concluded that the changes in organ formation and panicle structure, together with the responses in physiological and molecular made the photosynthetic area, rate and time all increased with OFA, which provided the matter basis for the big panicle development, consequently, got a higher yield.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhou",
                "org": "Institute of Eco-agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tengfei Lv",
                "org": "Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiping Yang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Eco-agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Fu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Binhua Hu",
                "org": "Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wanjun Ren",
                "org": "Institute of Eco-agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. rwjun@126.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "608B9dn9": {
        "id": "608B9dn9",
        "title": "Regular Nitrogen Application Increases Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Grain Yield in Indica Hybrid Rice",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhou",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tengfei Lv",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peipei Zhang",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Huang",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wanjun Ren",
                "org": "Sichuan Agricultural University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Agronomy Journal",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "n8RbXjZb": {
        "id": "n8RbXjZb",
        "title": "Coherent Population Trapping in Cs-filled Kagome Hollow Core Fibers",
        "abstract": "We report for the first time Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in Cs-filled Kagome Hollow Core Fibers. Dark resonance contrasts of up to 9 % and linewidths as narrow as 1.8 MHz were observed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "M. A. Gouveia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "M. Haji",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "S. R. Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "P. Gill",
                "org": "Quantum Metrology Institute, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "conference on lasers and electro-optics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "QLJOmiK3": {
        "id": "QLJOmiK3",
        "title": "Free Space based Hollow Core Fiber Interconnection and Associated In-Line Components",
        "abstract": "We present compact, low-loss optical interconnection devices based on micro-collimator technology for hollow core fibers. Exemplar functional optical components (i.e. isolator and bandpass filter) are fabricated with low backreflection ( 20dB).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hyuntai Kim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongmin Jung",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuichiro Rikimi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "optical fiber communication conference",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ssiZjIs6": {
        "id": "ssiZjIs6",
        "title": "Anisotropic Superattenuation of Capillary Waves on Driven Glass Interfaces.",
        "abstract": "Metrological atomic force microscopy measurements are performed on the silica glass interfaces of photonic band-gap fibers and hollow capillaries. The freezing of attenuated out-of-equilibrium capillary waves during the drawing process is shown to result in a reduced surface roughness. The roughness attenuation with respect to the expected thermodynamical limit is determined to vary with the drawing stress following a power law. A striking anisotropic character of the height correlation is observed: glass surfaces thus retain a structural record of the direction of the flow to which the liquid was submitted.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bruno Bresson",
                "org": "SIMM, ESPCI Paris/CNRS-UMR 7615/Université Paris 6 UPMC/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Coralie Brun",
                "org": "PMMH, ESPCI Paris/CNRS-UMR 7636/Université Paris 6 UPMC/Université Paris 7 Diderot/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xavier Buet",
                "org": "PMMH, ESPCI Paris/CNRS-UMR 7636/Université Paris 6 UPMC/Université Paris 7 Diderot/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Highfields, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom."
            },
            {
                "name": "Matteo Ciccotti",
                "org": "SIMM, ESPCI Paris/CNRS-UMR 7615/Université Paris 6 UPMC/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jérôme Gâteau",
                "org": "Neurophotonics Lab, CNRS UMR 8250, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Greg Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Highfields, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom."
            },
            {
                "name": "Marco N Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Highfields, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom."
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Highfields, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom."
            },
            {
                "name": "David J Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Highfields, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom."
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Highfields, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom."
            },
            {
                "name": "Gilles Tessier",
                "org": "Neurophotonics Lab, CNRS UMR 8250, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris, France."
            },
            {
                "name": "Botond Tyukodi",
                "org": "Physics department, University Babeş-Bolyai, 1 str. Mihail Kogălniceanu, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania."
            },
            {
                "name": "Damien Vandembroucq",
                "org": "PMMH, ESPCI Paris/CNRS-UMR 7636/Université Paris 6 UPMC/Université Paris 7 Diderot/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical review letters",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "rdGUMPVT": {
        "id": "rdGUMPVT",
        "title": "Multi-kilometer Long, Longitudinally Uniform Hollow Core Photonic Bandgap Fibers for Broadband Low Latency Data Transmission",
        "abstract": "The low intrinsic nonlinearity and low signal latency characteristic of Hollow Core Photonic Bandgap Fibers (HC-PBGFs) have fueled strong interest for data transmission applications. Whereas most research to date has looked at improving the optical performance of HC-PBGFs (e.g. reducing the loss, increasing the transmission bandwidth and achieving well-tempered modal properties through the suppression of surface mode resonances), in this work we address the challenging problem of scaling up the fabrication of these fibers to multi-kilometer lengths – an indispensable step to prove this fiber technology as viable. We report the fabrication of low loss, wide bandwidth HC-PBGFs operating both in the conventional telecoms window (1.55µm) and in the predicted region of minimum loss (2µm), in lengths that substantially exceed the state of the art. At 2µm, we obtained a 3.85km long fiber with ~3dB/km loss and u003e160nm wide 3dB bandwidth. Additionally, we report a HC-PBGF operating at 1.55µm with a length of just over 11km, transmission bandwidth in excess of 200nm and a longitudinally uniform loss of ~5dB/km, measured via cutback and an integrated scattering method. We used the latter fiber to demonstrate error-free, low-latency, direct-detection 10Gbit/s transmission across the entire C-Band as well as 20Gbit/s quadrature phase shift keyed transmission. These represent the first demonstrations of data transmission over a length of HC-PBGF exceeding 10km.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhixin Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Eric Numkam Fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "D. R. Gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Brian Joseph Mangan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Radan Slavík",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Lightwave Technology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "AfIciKK2": {
        "id": "AfIciKK2",
        "title": "Dual hollow-core anti-resonant fibres",
        "abstract": "While hollow core-photonic crystal fibres are now a well-established fibre technology, the majority of work on these speciality fibres has been on designs with a single core for optical guidance. In this paper we present the first dual hollow-core anti-resonant fibres (DHC-ARFs). The fibres have high structural uniformity and low loss (minimum loss of 0.5 dB/m in the low loss guidance window) and demonstrate regimes of both inter-core coupling and zero coupling, dependent on the wavelength of operation, input polarisation, core separation and bend radius. In a DHC-ARF with a core separation of 4.3 µm, we find that with an optimised input polarisation up to 65% of the light guided in the launch core can be coupled into the second core, opening up applications in power delivery, gas sensing and quantum optics.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peter Horak",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of SPIE",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "7Xj8EwI6": {
        "id": "7Xj8EwI6",
        "title": "Hollow core fibres and their applications",
        "abstract": "• Various different classes of fiber (capillary, ARF and PBGF) each with relative merits and drawbacks for specific applications • Significant progress made over recent years in the development of HCF technology — both in terms of understanding and fabrication • Increasing array of applications, with some e.g. power delivery and high power wavelength conversion, close to commercial deployment • Current losses sufficient for some niche telecoms applications to be considered • Prospects for ultralow loss remain, with new fiber designs and concepts still emerging • An exciting time in the development of the field",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Eric Numkam Fokoua",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhixin Liu",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Radan Slavík",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peter Horak",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University, United Kingdom"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "optical fiber communication conference",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "sx69TVC1": {
        "id": "sx69TVC1",
        "title": "Antiresonant hollow core fiber with octave spanning bandwidth for short haul data communications",
        "abstract": "We report an effectively singlemode tubular antiresonant hollow core fiber with u003e1000nm bandwidth and record-low loss of 25dB/km, fully connectorizable with SMF28. We demonstrate penalty-free data transmission at wavelengths of 1065, 1565 and 1963nm.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhixin Liu",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Radan Slavík",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "M. A. Gouveia",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "E. Numkam Fokoua",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "optical fiber communication conference",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "te1dwntX": {
        "id": "te1dwntX",
        "title": "Hollow core fibres for data transmission",
        "abstract": "We review recent progress in the development of hollow core optical fibres for telecoms/datacoms, highlighting in particular their suitability for low-latency/time-sensitive applications, and their ultimate potential for broadband, ultralow loss (and nonlinearity) transmission.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "E. Numkam Fokoua",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhixin Liu",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Radan Slavík",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international conference on photonics in switching",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "X29ef73V": {
        "id": "X29ef73V",
        "title": "Virtual Draw of Tubular Hollow-Core Fibers",
        "abstract": "A numerical model that accurately predicts the fabricated geometry of tubular hollow-core fibers is presented and experimentally validated. Such a model can be invaluable in driving design decisions for yield upscaling and loss reduction.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas D. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Marco Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in Optics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "A9ontS5S": {
        "id": "A9ontS5S",
        "title": "40 Gb/s WDM Transmission Over 1.15-km HC-PBGF Using an InP-Based Mach-Zehnder Modulator at 2 m",
        "abstract": "The 2-m wavelength range has emerged as a low-loss and low-latency optical transmission window when using hollow-core photonic band gap fiber (HC-PBGF) and high-gain thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA). Various single and multichannel transmission experiments at these wavelengths have been implemented using directly modulated lasers and LiNbO 3 -based modulators. Here, we report the transmission performance of an externally modulated 4  10 Gb/s NRZ-OOK WDM signal over 1.15 km of low-loss HC-PBGF employing an InP-based Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) in the transmitter for the first time. An OSNR of 25 dB on 100-GHz spaced channels is required using a direct detection scheme. Furthermore, we demonstrate the lowest V  InP-based MZM operating at 2 m by increasing the electro-optical overlap in the optical waveguide. The peak-peak modulation voltage is reduced significantly from 4 to 2.7 V with an electro-optic bandwidth of 9 GHz.",
        "keywords": [
            "Optical fibers",
            "Optical transmitters",
            "Optical modulation",
            "Absorption"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Muhammad Usman Sadiq",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyu Zhang",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "James O Callaghan",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Brendan Roycroft",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Niamh Kavanagh",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kevin Thomas",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Agnieszka Gocalinska",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tom Bradley",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhihong Li",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaif-Ul Alam",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Marco N. Petrovich",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": " Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Emanuele Pelucchi",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peter O Brien",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Frank H. Peters",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fatima Gunning",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            },
            {
                "name": "Brian Corbett",
                "org": " Tyndall National Institute, Cork, Ireland"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Lightwave Technology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "FZu1QPHk": {
        "id": "FZu1QPHk",
        "title": "Nonlinear dynamic of picosecond pulse propagation in atmospheric air-filled hollow core fibers.",
        "abstract": "Atmospheric air-filled hollow core (HC) fibers, representing the simplest yet reliable form of gas-filled hollow core fiber, show remarkable nonlinear properties and have several interesting applications such as pulse compression, frequency conversion and supercontinuum generation. Although the propagation of sub-picosecond and few hundred picosecond pulses are well-studied in air-filled fibers, the nonlinear response of air to pulses with a duration of a few picoseconds has interesting features that have not yet been explored fully. Here, we experimentally and theoretically study the nonlinear propagation of ~6 ps pulses in three different types of atmospheric air-filled HC fiber. With this pulse length, we were able to explore different nonlinear characteristics of air at different power levels. Using in-house-fabricated, state-of-the-art HC photonic bandgap, HC tubular and HC Kagomé fibers, we were able to associate the origin of the initial pulse broadening process in these fibers to rotational Raman scattering (RRS) at low power levels. Due to the broadband and low loss transmission window of the HC Kagomé fiber we used, we observed the transition from initial pulse broadening (by RRS) at lower powers, through long-range frequency conversion (2330 cm) with the help of vibrational Raman scattering, to broadband (~700 nm) supercontinuum generation at high power levels. To model such a wide range of nonlinear processes in a unified approach, we have implemented a semi-quantum model for air into the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which surpasses the limits of the common single damping oscillator model in this pulse length regime. The model has been validated by comparison with experimental results and provides a powerful tool for the design, modeling and optimization of nonlinear processes in air-filled HC fibers.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Seyedmohammad Abokhamis Mousavi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hans Christian Hansen Mulvad",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peter Horak",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "John Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas D Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaif-Ul Alam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Eric Numkam Fokoua",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optics express",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "RYEqCttO": {
        "id": "RYEqCttO",
        "title": "High capacity, low latency data transmission using hollow core-photonic bandgap fibers",
        "abstract": "We discuss our recent progress in hollow core-photonic bandgap fiber fabrication for high capacity transmission, focusing on two key areas: longitudinal uniformity and length upscaling as well as reviewing highlight results in data transmission.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Eric Numkam Fokoua",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Naveen K. Baddela",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "D. R. Gray",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhixin Liu",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongmin Jung",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaif-ul Alam",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Radan Slavík",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "optical fiber communication conference",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "JixOKT4G": {
        "id": "JixOKT4G",
        "title": "Modal content in hypocycloid Kagomé hollow core photonic crystal fibers.",
        "abstract": "The modal content of 7 and 19 cell Kagomé anti resonant hollow core fibers (K-ARF) with hypocycloid core surrounds is experimentally investigated through the spectral and spatial (S<sup>2</sup>) imaging technique. It is observed that the 7 and 19 cell K-ARF reported here, support 4 and 7 LP mode groups respectively, however the observation that K-ARF support few mode groups is likely to be ubiquitous to 7 and 19 cell K-ARFs. The transmission loss of the higher order modes (HOMs) was measured via S<sup>2</sup> and a cutback method. In the 7 cell K-ARF it is found that the LP<sub>11</sub> and LP<sub>21</sub> modes have approximately 3.6 and 5.7 times the loss of the fundamental mode (FM), respectively. In the 19 cell it is found that the LP<sub>11</sub> mode has approximately 2.57 times the loss of the FM, while the LP<sub>02</sub> mode has approximately 2.62 times the loss of the FM. Additionally, bend loss in these fibers is studied for the first time using S<sup>2</sup> to reveal the effect of bend on modal content. Our measurements demonstrate that K-ARFs support a few mode groups and indicate that the differential loss of the HOMs is not substantially higher than that of the FM, and that bending the fiber does not induce significant inter modal coupling. A study of three different input beam coupling configurations demonstrates increased HOM excitation at output and a non-Gaussian profile of the output beam if poor mode field matching is achieved. ",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Thomas D Bradley",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V Wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T Jasion",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David Gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "John Hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Marcelo Alonso Gouveia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed R Sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "David Richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Marco Petrovich",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optics express",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "OnrELqwt": {
        "id": "OnrELqwt",
        "title": "S 2 measurement of higher order mode content in low loss hypocycloid Kagomé hollow core photonic crystal fiber",
        "abstract": "We present the first detailed investigation of modal properties in hypocycloid Kagome fibers; even with an optimized input launch, higher order modes propagate over long fiber lengths, indicative that these modes have low attenuation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Thomas D. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "David Gray",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "John Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Marcelo Botelho Alonso",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed R. Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Marco Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "David Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "conference on lasers and electro optics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "zkEHpBmO": {
        "id": "zkEHpBmO",
        "title": "Novel hollow core fibers for ultra-high power delivery",
        "abstract": "We review and compare recent hollow core photonic crystal fibers, both bandgap-guiding and anti-resonant, which were designed and fabricated for high power laser delivery applications.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hans Christian Hansen Mulvad",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "S. Abokhamis Mousavi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "S. R. Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "M. A. Gouveia",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "E. Numkam",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "G. T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "M. B. S. Nawazuddin",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peter Horak",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaif-ul Alam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO171BJ, U.K."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee photonics conference",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "OWFffZfu": {
        "id": "OWFffZfu",
        "title": "Gas flow within Hollow Core optical fibers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Matthew Partridge",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rowan Curtis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kendra Khodabandehloo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Thomas Bradley",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie Wheeler",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "John R Hayes",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ian A Davidson",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Marco N Petrovich",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J Richardson",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "Radan Slavík",
                "org": "University of Southampton"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "conference on lasers and electro-optics",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "DJZgpI67": {
        "id": "DJZgpI67",
        "title": "Detailed study of macrobending effects in a wide transmission bandwidth hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber",
        "abstract": "We study in detail the macrobending effects in a wide transmission bandwidth (~200nm) 19 cell hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber operating at 1550nm. Our results indicate low bend sensitivity over a ~130nm wide interval within the transmission window, with negligible loss (u003c0.1dB) for bending radii down to 5mm. The “red shift” and “blue shift” of the bandgap edge have been observed at the short and long wavelength edges, respectively. The cutoff wavelengths where air-guiding modes stop guiding can be extracted from the bending loss spectra, which matches well with the simulated effective refractive index map of such fiber.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "E. Numkam",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "D. R. Gray",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of SPIE",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "uA5DVVam": {
        "id": "uA5DVVam",
        "title": "Recent advances in hollow fiber technology for telecoms applications",
        "abstract": "We review our recent work on the modelling, fabrication and characterization of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers. We discuss the modal content of these fibers, as well as the opportunities and challenges presented by modal interactions in space division multiplexed transmission applications.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "E. Numkam Fokoua",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory T. Jasion",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Seyed Reza Sandoghchi",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "D. R. Gray",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "John R. Hayes",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            },
            {
                "name": "Francesco Poletti",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "photonics society summer topical meeting series",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "pvEG6dfx": {
        "id": "pvEG6dfx",
        "title": "Recent advances in the development of high performance hollow-core photonic bandgap fibres",
        "abstract": "Owing to their unique combination of low nonlinearity, low latency, air guidance, and bend-insensitivity, hollow core photonic bandgap fibres (HC-PBGFs) have been proposed for a range of applications. However, the availability of high performance, i.e. large core, long length, broad bandwidth, and low loss HC-PBGFs, which would strongly benefit some of these applications (e.g. telecom/datacom) is limited so far. In this paper, we will review our recent advances in achieving high performance HC-PBGFs, looking in particular to fibre development and fabrication. We will first discuss the challenges during the preform preparation and fibre drawing and how we addressed them. We then cover the development of fibres optimized for a few key application areas: high power laser beam delivery at 1 µm, low latency and high capacity data-communication in both the traditional 1.55 µm spectral region and in the 2 µm spectral region.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, UK"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international conference on transparent optical networks",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "be420Hrr": {
        "id": "be420Hrr",
        "title": "Spontaneous Raman scattering in hollow core photonic crystal fibres",
        "abstract": "We report the first measurements of spontaneous Raman scattering from a gas sample confined in a Kagome lattice hollow core photonic crystal fibre. We compare the signal strength recorded in this fibre, with that from a similar length of hollow core photonic bandgap fibre and find that, even though the loss of the Kagome fibre is lower, the signal strength in the hollow core photonic bandgap fibre is significantly stronger. We speculate that this may be due to the different effective capture efficiencies of the two fibre types, which are defined by the fibresu0027 numerical apertures.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Natalie V. Wheeler",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, SO17 1BJ"
            },
            {
                "name": "Maria Giovannna Pappa",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, SO17 1BJ"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Bradley",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, SO17 1BJ"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, SO17 1BJ"
            },
            {
                "name": "William B. Brooks",
                "org": "IS Instruments Ltd, Pipers Business Centre, 220 Vale Rd, Tonbridge, Kent, United Kingdom, TN9 1SP"
            },
            {
                "name": "J. Storey",
                "org": "IS Instruments Ltd, Pipers Business Centre, 220 Vale Rd, Tonbridge, Kent, United Kingdom, TN9 1SP"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.J. Foster",
                "org": "IS Instruments Ltd, Pipers Business Centre, 220 Vale Rd, Tonbridge, Kent, United Kingdom, TN9 1SP"
            },
            {
                "name": "David J. Richardson",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, SO17 1BJ"
            },
            {
                "name": "M.N. Petrovich",
                "org": "Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, SO17 1BJ"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee sensors",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "4uXg351h": {
        "id": "4uXg351h",
        "title": "First investigation of longitudinal defects in hollow core photonic bandgap fibers",
        "abstract": "To improve yield in fabricated HC-PBGFs we have studied morphology and longitudinal evolution of occasional, undesired defects causing localized loss. The short spatial and temporal duration of the defects seems indicative of residual preform contaminations.",
        "keywords": [
            "optical fibres",
            "photonic band gap",
            "hollow core photonic bandgap fibers",
            "localized loss",
            "longitudinal defects",
            "longitudinal evolution",
            "morphology",
            "residual preform contaminations",
            "short spatial duration",
            "temporal duration",
            "optical fibers",
            "scattering"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "ting zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j p wooler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "g t jasion",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d r gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "LPlt7EoK": {
        "id": "LPlt7EoK",
        "title": "Data for Multi-kilometer long, longitudinally uniform Hollow Core Photonic Bandgap Fibers for broadband low latency data transmission",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhixin liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "g t jasion",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t d bradley",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eric numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d r gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "b j mangan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "radan slavik",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "rtrYU4CH": {
        "id": "rtrYU4CH",
        "title": "Hollow Core Fibre Technology for Data Transmission",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "g t jasion",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "e numkam",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "reza s sandoghchi",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "t d bradley",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "fYgSwIvn": {
        "id": "fYgSwIvn",
        "title": "X-ray computational tomography of hollow core photonic bandgap fibre",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "g t jasion",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j p wooler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard p boardman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t bradley",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s abokhamis mousavi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "lny4Xlbu": {
        "id": "lny4Xlbu",
        "title": "Optical side scattering radiometry for high resolution, wide dynamic range longitudinal assessment of optical fibers.",
        "abstract": "Current optical reflectometric techniques used to characterize optical fibers have to trade-off longitudinal range with spatial resolution and therefore struggle to provide simultaneously wide dynamic range (>20dB) and high resolution (<10cm). In this work, we develop and present a technique we refer to as Optical Side Scattering Radiometry (OSSR) capable of resolving discrete and distributed scattering properties of fibers along their length with up to 60dB dynamic range and 5cm spatial resolution. Our setup is first validated on a standard single mode telecoms fiber. Then we apply it to a record-length 11km hollow core photonic band-gap fiber (HC-PBGF) the characterization requirements of which lie far beyond the capability of standard optical reflectometric instruments. We next demonstrate use of the technique to investigate and explain the unusually high loss observed in another HC-PBGF and finally demonstrate its flexibility by measuring a HC-PBGF operating at a wavelength of 2µm. In all of these examples, good agreement between the OSSR measurements and other well-established (but more limited) characterization methods, i.e. cutback loss and OTDR, was obtained.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "S R Sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "D R Gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "N V Wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "T D Bradley",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "N H L Wong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "G T Jasion",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e r numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m botelho alonso",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s m abokhamis mousavi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "D J Richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "F Poletti",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optics express",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ceTp68YF": {
        "id": "ceTp68YF",
        "title": "Accurate modelling of fabricated hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers",
        "abstract": "We report a novel approach to reconstruct the cross-sectional profile of fabricated hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers from scanning electron microscope images. Finite element simulations on the reconstructed geometries achieve a remarkable match with the measured transmission window, surface mode position and attenuation. The agreement between estimated scattering loss from surface roughness and measured loss values indicates that structural distortions, in particular the uneven distribution of glass across the thin silica struts on the core boundary, have a strong impact on the loss. This provides insight into the differences between idealized models and fabricated fibers, which could be key to further fiber loss reduction. ",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "eric numkam fokoua",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "g t jasion",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optics express",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "UH5AZkqA": {
        "id": "UH5AZkqA",
        "title": "High sensitivity gas sensing using hollow core photonic bandgap fibres designed for operation at mid-IR wavelengths",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a m heidt",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "sI8fenRA": {
        "id": "sI8fenRA",
        "title": "Up to 64QAM (30 Gbit/s) directly-modulated and directly detected OFDM at 2μm wavelength",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zheng liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "z li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j p wooler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "brian kelly",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard phelan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j ocarroll",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a m heidt",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s u alam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "radan slavik",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "7SAyx080": {
        "id": "7SAyx080",
        "title": "81 Gb/s WDM transmission at 2μm over 1.15 km of low-loss hollow core photonic bandgap fiber",
        "abstract": "This paper presents WDM transmission at 2μm over 1.15km of HC-PBGF with wavelength channels selected to span a 36.3nm waveband. A total capacity of 81Gbit/s was achieved using 4×12.5Gbit/s NRZ-OOK external modulation and 4×7.7Gbit/s 4-ASK Fast-OFDM direct modulation signals.",
        "keywords": [
            "ofdm modulation",
            "amplitude shift keying",
            "light transmission",
            "optical modulation",
            "photonic band gap",
            "wavelength division multiplexing",
            "4-ask fast-ofdm direct modulation signal",
            "hc-pbgf",
            "nrz-ook external modulation",
            "wdm transmission",
            "bit rate 81 gbit/s",
            "low-loss hollow core photonic bandgap fiber",
            "wavelength 2 mum",
            "wavelength 36.3 nm",
            "wavelength channel"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hongtao zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhengqiang li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n kavanagh",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nanhui ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j p wooler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard phelan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j ocarroll",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "barry c kelly",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "b d corbett",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f c garcia gunning",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optical Communication",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "FTLlERNI": {
        "id": "FTLlERNI",
        "title": "Data transmission through up to 74.8 km of hollow-core fiber with coherent and direct-detect transceivers",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "signal to noise ratio"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "m kuschnerov",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v a j m sleiffer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "erik de man",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhixin liu",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "seyad reza sandoghchi",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "g t jasion",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "t d bradley",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "eric numkam fokoua",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "d r gray",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "radan slavik",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "yongmin jung",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "nicholas l wong",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "b j mangan",
                "org": "overseas family school"
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "oCanqVIH": {
        "id": "oCanqVIH",
        "title": "Recent Advances in Hollow-Core Photonic Bandgap Fibres",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eric numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "g t jasion",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j p wooler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d r gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "6ujzC3cq": {
        "id": "6ujzC3cq",
        "title": "Accurate modelling of hollow core photonic bandgap fibre",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "e numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "fb0sog7G": {
        "id": "fb0sog7G",
        "title": "Advances in photonic bandgap fiber technology for optical communications",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d r gray",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j p wooler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongmin jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s u alam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v a j m sleiffer",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m kuschnerov",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "xeZ58Zaw": {
        "id": "xeZ58Zaw",
        "title": "High sensitivity gas detection using Hollow Core Photonic Bandgap Fibres designed for mid-IR operation",
        "abstract": "We report on the use of novel low loss Hollow Core Photonic Bandgap Fibres (HC-PBGFs) operating in the mid-IR for broadband absorption measurements of low-level concentrations of Acetylene and Ethane gas around 3 and 3.3 μm, respectively. The availability of improved HC-PBGFs operating in the 3-3.6 μm wavelength range with ~0.05-0.1 dB/m loss enables accessing the strongest fundamental ro-vibrational bands (e.g. C-H, O-H, N-H), thus opening up the possibility of absorption based gas sensing with much higher sensitivity than has been demonstrated to date utilizing fibres optimized for near-IR operation. We present for the first time spectroscopic absorption measurements of C2H2 at ~3.05 μm (2.5 vol% concentration) and of C2H6 at 3.35 μm (50 ppmV concentration) using HC-PBGF cells. Results indicate that sub-ppm sensitivities can easily be achieved using fiber lengths of a few meters and simple detection schemes.",
        "keywords": [
            "fibre optic sensors",
            "gas sensors",
            "holey fibres",
            "infrared spectroscopy",
            "photonic band gap",
            "photonic crystals",
            "spectrochemical analysis",
            "absorption based gas sensing",
            "acetylene gas detection",
            "broadband absorption measurements",
            "ethane gas detection",
            "high sensitivity gas detection",
            "hollow core photonic bandgap fibre",
            "low loss photonic bandgap fibre",
            "mid-ir operation",
            "mid-infrared operation",
            "spectroscopic absorption measurement",
            "wavelength 3 mum to 3.6 mum",
            "acetylene",
            "broadband absorption sensing",
            "chemical sensing",
            "ethane",
            "hollow core bandgap fibers",
            "microstructured fibers",
            "mid infrared"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a m heidt",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n k baddela",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s r sandoghchi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Valencia",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "diITegGn": {
        "id": "diITegGn",
        "title": "Towards manufacture of ultralow loss hollow core photonic bandgap fiber",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "t d bradley",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j r hayes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e numkam fokoua",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "EIZuyEsR": {
        "id": "EIZuyEsR",
        "title": "High-Capacity Directly Modulated Optical Transmitter for 2-μ m Spectral Region",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "bandwidth",
            "modulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhixin liu",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhihong li",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "brian kelly",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard phelan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j ocarroll",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t d bradley",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "j p wooler",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "n v wheeler",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "a m heidt",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "thomas richter",
                "org": "fraunhofer society"
            },
            {
                "name": "colja schubert",
                "org": "fraunhofer society"
            },
            {
                "name": "martin becker",
                "org": "leibniz association"
            },
            {
                "name": "f poletti",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "m n petrovich",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "s u alam",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "d j richardson",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            },
            {
                "name": "radan slavik",
                "org": "university of southampton"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Lightwave Technology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "a3CW9c6p": {
        "id": "a3CW9c6p",
        "title": "Extended Chain Crystals of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Prepared by Melt Spinning",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong CHINA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingzhao Wang",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong CHINA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong CHINA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "zR25T6E0": {
        "id": "zR25T6E0",
        "title": "Preparation of silicone containing 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐4‐piperidinol‐based N‐chloramine for antibacterial polyethylene via interpenetration in supercritical carbon dioxide",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao 266590 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyu Wang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao 266590 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": "Analytical and Testing Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao 266590 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cuiying Yang",
                "org": "Analytical and Testing Center, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao 266590 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuxia Han",
                "org": "Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering; Shandong University of Science and Technology; Qingdao 266590 People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Polymer Science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "hWkqKWfg": {
        "id": "hWkqKWfg",
        "title": "Synthesis of pyridinium polysiloxane for antibacterial coating in supercritical carbon dioxide",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "shandong university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "qiuxia han",
                "org": "shandong university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yali wang",
                "org": "shandong university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "qiang zhang",
                "org": "shandong university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuxu qiao",
                "org": "shandong university of science and technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Polymer Science",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "TfgFPqbW": {
        "id": "TfgFPqbW",
        "title": "Multi-axial fatigue life prediction of drill collar thread in gas drilling",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tiejun lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qiang zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhanghua lian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yonggang liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ying zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Engineering Failure Analysis",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "xJBu5nUQ": {
        "id": "xJBu5nUQ",
        "title": "Synthesis of polysiloxane with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin-based N-halamine pendants for biocidal functionalization of polyethylene by supercritical impregnation",
        "abstract": "An N-halamine precursor 3-(3-hydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (HPDMH) has been synthesized. The N-halamine precursor was reacted with poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) to produce a biocidal polysiloxane with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin-based N-halamine pendants through silane alcoholysis and subsequent chlorination of hydantoin ring with tert-butyl hypochlorite. The N-halamine polysiloxane was impregnated into inert polyethylene (PE) fibers and formed a 68-nm coating layer in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) for antibacterial application. The PE fibers before and after impregnation were characterized by XPS and SEM. The N-halamine polysiloxane impregnated PE samples provided effective biocidal activities against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli compared with unmodified ones that did not display obvious antibacterial activities. The coating layer on PE substrate was stable toward washing cycles, storage, and UV irradiation and the rechargeability of lost active chlorines was good. The scCO2 impregnation approach uses environmentally friendly CO2 as solvent and can be applied to both reactive and nonreactive substrates since it does not require covalent bonds to tether biocidal moieties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44721.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": "Analytical and Testing Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuxia Han",
                "org": "Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yazhen Mi",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuwei Sun",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyan Feng",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Han Xiao",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Panwei Yu",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cuiying Yang",
                "org": "Analytical and Testing Center, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Polymer Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "4q5XRu49": {
        "id": "4q5XRu49",
        "title": "Synthesis of polysiloxane with quaternized N-halamine moieties for antibacterial coating of polypropylene via supercritical impregnation technique",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Development of polymers with enhanced biocidal ability to coated surfaces by a simple and versatile approach is very desirable in biomaterial area. A polysiloxane containing both quaternary ammonium and N-halamine was synthesized by silane alcoholysis between poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) and 3-bromo-1-propanol, subsequent quaternization with 3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMAPDMH), and chlorination with  tert -butyl hypochlorite. The quaternized N-halamine polysiloxane was impregnated into polypropylene (PP) in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) and formed an antibacterial coating layer of 61 nm. The synthetic procedures and coating results were characterized using FTIR, NMR, XPS, and SEM. The polysiloxane layer showed enhanced synergetic antibacterial ability, providing a total kill of a 7-log  S. aureus  and  E. coli  within 10 min of contact. The rechargability and stability of the coating layer toward washing cycles, storage, and UV irradiation were good. This coating procedure uses environmentally benign CO 2  as solvent and affords a general method to functionalize inert polymers with biocidal capability.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Panwei Yu",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyan Feng",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyu Wang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuxia Han",
                "org": "Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": "Analytical and Testing Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P.R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "S5LsVMpD": {
        "id": "S5LsVMpD",
        "title": "Numerical simulation of fluid flow and experiment on downhole friction reduction tool",
        "abstract": "In this article, a new friction reduction tool is designed for drilling of horizontal wells, and its performance is investigated using computational fluid dynamics simulation technique, laboratory experiment, and field testing. According to flow field analysis, the spiral diversion channel has obvious disturbance effect on fluid, which can help cutting transport and reduce cutting bed accumulation. Tensile test is carried out and tensile resistance of the friction reduction tool is 90 ton. Shearing test is also conducted to examine the shear resistance capacity of the pins that support rollers. Under the lateral load of 20 MPa, large deformation of the pins is observed, but they are not broken. The function of friction and torque reduction is verified using experimental apparatus for drill string dynamics of horizontal well. Field testing is also completed in a real well. The accumulated operational time of the friction reduction tool is more than 130 h and its fatigue life reaches up to 3×105 cycles. The...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanghua Lian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiugui Shu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advances in Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "zxqoFsm6": {
        "id": "zxqoFsm6",
        "title": "N-halamine/pyridinium-derivatized magnetic sub-microparticles with synergetic biocidal properties",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Dual biocidal groups of N-halamine and pyridinium were used to modify surface of magnetic sub-microparticles to exert enhanced synergistic antibacterial capacity. Magnetic silica Fe 3 O 4  sub-microparticles (SMPs) were synthesized and then encapsulated with interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of polystyrene (PS) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). The carboxylic acid groups of PAA were used as surface reactive sites to bond with amino groups of 4-aminopyridine through amidation reaction. N-halamine/pyridinium-derivatized magnetic sub-microparticles were sequentially produced by quaternization of the pyridine to pyridinium with 1-chlorohexane and chlorination of amide N–H to N-halamine with NaClO. The synthetic steps and products were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectrocsopy (XPS). The N-halamine/pyridinium-derivatized SMPs with dual biocidal functionalities showed faster deactivation abilities against both  Escherichia coli  and  Staphylococcus aureus  compared with their counterparts that contained only N-halamine or pyridinium, and exhibited promising stability toward repeated washing and long-term storage. The designed SMPs in this study offer potential and ideal candidates for sterilization application due to multiple advantages including improved synergistic biocidal ability, high surface area, and easy recyclability.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyan Feng",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": "Analytical and Testing Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoyuan Ren",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuxia Han",
                "org": "Department of Biological Engineering, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "NtYpfAzq": {
        "id": "NtYpfAzq",
        "title": "Construction of pyridinium/ N -chloramine polysiloxane on cellulose for synergistic biocidal application",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yijia Ma",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingkun He",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuxia Han",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Chen",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cellulose",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "rkZUb6tX": {
        "id": "rkZUb6tX",
        "title": "Synthesis of CO 2 -Philic Polysiloxane with N -Halamine Side Groups for Biocidal Coating on Cotton",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qiang zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xushi zhong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "iZS6KG3z": {
        "id": "iZS6KG3z",
        "title": "Interpenetration of Polyethylene Terephthalate with Biocidal Quaternary Ammonium/N-Chloramine Polysiloxane in Supercritical CO2",
        "abstract": "Antibacterial modification of polymers with potent biocides via an efficient and universal approach is very desirable in both academia and industry. A polysiloxane with both quaternary ammonium and N-chloramine was prepared via a facile three-step synthetic route. Poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) was first reacted with 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate to introduce an ending tertiary amine that was subsequently quaternized with 3-(3-chloropropyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (CPDMH). The 5,5-dimethylhydantoin moiety was then transformed into its N-chloramine counterparts by chlorination with tert-butyl hypochlorite to produce quaternary ammonium (quat)/N-chloramine polysiloxane. The CO2-philic quat/N-chloramine polysiloxane was interpenetrated into polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) and formed a 70 nm biocidal layer. The synthetic procedures and interpenetration results were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H NMR, scanning electron microscopy...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Panwei Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoyuan Ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuxia Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongni Teng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "JC4GqYUU": {
        "id": "JC4GqYUU",
        "title": "Preparation of biocidal 4-ethyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxazolidin-2-one-based N-halamine polysiloxane for impregnation of polypropylene in supercritical CO2 : Research Article",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingkun He",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnalytical and Testing Center, Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoyuan Ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyan Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Na Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Yu",
                "org": "Department of Applied ChemistryCollege of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuxia Han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Polymer Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "3JVx0VRK": {
        "id": "3JVx0VRK",
        "title": "Synthesis of 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[(hydroxyimino) methyl] benzoic acid as a novel rust converter",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTA new rust converter, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2-[(hydroxyimino) methyl] benzoic acid (named as RC-GAO), has been synthesized based on gallic acid by formylation and oximation. The synthesis was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies. The nature and morphology of rust and conversion layer on the rusty samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The corrosion resistance of the residual rust coatings containing the rust converter on the rusty sample was measured by the salt spray test. The results showed that the synthesized rust converter possessed excellent chelating capability with rust and significant anticorrosive performance.The synthesized rust converter revealed excellent chelating capability with rust and significant anticorrosive performance",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yanfei Feng",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; Resource Environmental Department, Moutai University, Renhuai, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengsong Ge",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianfeng Li",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengyao Li",
                "org": "Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huixin Zhang",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanhu Guo",
                "org": "Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "BlLgzMEr": {
        "id": "BlLgzMEr",
        "title": "Connected fermat spirals for layered fabrication.",
        "abstract": "We develop a new kind of \\\"space-filling\\\" curves, connected Fermat spirals, and show their compelling properties as a tool path fill pattern for layered fabrication. Unlike classical space-filling curves such as the Peano or Hilbert curves, which constantly wind and bind to preserve locality, connected Fermat spirals are formed mostly by long, low-curvature paths. This geometric property, along with continuity, influences the quality and efficiency of layered fabrication. Given a connected 2D region, we first decompose it into a set of sub-regions, each of which can be filled with a single continuous Fermat spiral. We show that it is always possible to start and end a Fermat spiral fill at approximately the same location on the outer boundary of the filled region. This special property allows the Fermat spiral fills to be joined systematically along a graph traversal of the decomposed sub-regions. The result is a globally continuous curve. We demonstrate that printing 2D layers following tool paths as connected Fermat spirals leads to efficient and quality fabrication, compared to conventional fill patterns.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haisen Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fanglin Gu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi-Xing Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jorge Garcia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Changhe Tu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bedrich Benes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel Cohen-Or",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoquan Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACM Trans. Graph.",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "YhZC9u2x": {
        "id": "YhZC9u2x",
        "title": "Effect of salts on synthesis of mesoporous materials with mixed cationic and anionic surfactants as templates",
        "abstract": "Mesoporous silica materials were synthesized using tetraеthoxysilane as precursor and liquid crystals formed in aqueous mixtures of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as templates, without and with the addition of NaBr or Na2SO4. For this purpose, the formation of liquid crystals as a function of the ratio of CTAB and SDS under different conditions was studied. It was found that liquid crystals formed in the mixed system of CTAB and SDS at certain mixing ratios are well-structured templates for the synthesis of mesoporous silicas. The synthesized silica materials were characterized by transmission electron microscope and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis. The pore size of mesoporous silicas could be controlled between 3 to 6 nm by simply changing the concentration of NaBr in solution. The mesoporous silicas exhibited lamellar structure and the order of structural arrangement was promoted with addition of NaBr. However, addition of Na2SO4 led to ink-bottle type pores of mesoporous silica with a narrow pore size distribution of around 2 nm and a higher specific surface area of 610 m2 g–1.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hong-ni Teng",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Teng Shen",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-xiao Hou",
                "org": "Tianjin University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-yan Kou",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuyun Wang",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Man Hai",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Colloid Journal",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "qLyH53VS": {
        "id": "qLyH53VS",
        "title": "The phase behaviors of cationic and anionic aqueous mixtures and the usage as templates for synthesis of mesoporous materials",
        "abstract": "Liquid crystals formed in aqueous mixtures of cationic and anionic surfactants were used as structure- directing templates for preparation of mesoporous silicas. For this purpose, micellar particle sizes and liquid crystal regions in the mixed system containing cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were investigated by Melvin laser particle size analyzer and polarizers, respectively. The formation of large organized assemblies was closely related to both the total surfactant concentrations and mixing ratios. Micelles formed at low total concentration while liquid crystals formed at high total concentration. The mixtures of CTAB and SDS favored the formations of large organized assemblies when the molar fraction of CTAB was 0.30 or 0.70. Using tetraethoxysilane as precursor and liquid crystals as templates, mesoporous silicas were prepared at different total concentrations of surfactants when molar fraction of CTAB was fixed at 0.70. Transmission electron microscopy results revealed that ordered mesoporous silicas with lamellar pore channels were prepared. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption determinations showed that these materials exhibited a pore size about 4.5 nm. In addition, the surface areas increased significantly with the increase of total surfactant concentrations. This work provided a simple and effective approach to synthesize lamellar mesoporous silicas.",
        "keywords": [
            "cationic and anionic surfactants",
            " liquid crystal",
            " lamellar mesoporous silica"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hongni Teng",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Teng Shen",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi-xiao Hou",
                "org": "Tianjin University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-yan Kou",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuyun Wang",
                "org": "Shandong University of Science and Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Glass Physics and Chemistry",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "oKxzp097": {
        "id": "oKxzp097",
        "title": "Synthesis of Lamellar Mesoporous Silica Materials Using LCs as Templates",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTThe study focuses on the synthesis of mesoporous silica materials using liquid crystals (LCs) formed in an aqueous mixture of cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as templates and tetrathoxysilane (TEOS) as precursor. For this purpose, the phase behavior and range of liquid crystal areas were determined at different temperatures, concentrations, and ratios of CTAB/SDS. It was found that liquid crystals became denser with the increased of concentration of surfactants. The mesoporous materials were synthesized using LCs as templates at various temperatures, surfactant concentrations, and pH values. The mesoporous samples were characterized using SEM and nitrogen sorption analysis. The research results showed that the structure of synthesized samples were lamellar and their surface areas increased significantly with the increase of temperature in the temperature range of LCs, reaching about 900 m2/g at 60°C. The surfactant concentrations affect the t...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hongni Teng",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Zhang",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kaili Zhang",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "WCdjT57B": {
        "id": "WCdjT57B",
        "title": "Effect of Additives on the Phase Behavior of SDS/CTAB/H2O Systems",
        "abstract": "Abstract The effect of additives on the phase behavior of aqueous solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) has been studied in detail for extended applications. The results showed that both the widths of an anionic two-phase aqueous system (ATPSa) region with SDS in excess and a aqueous cationic two-phase system (ATPSc) region with CTAB in excess are very narrow, less than 1% in absence of any additives. However, phase regions of ATPS move toward the corresponding isotropic single phase regions and become wider in the presence of inorganic additives such as NaBr in the aqueous surfactant solutions. This is because the addition of inorganic salt increases the concentration of inorganic counter-ions and therefore the electrostatic interactions between counter-ions and surfactant aggregates. Meanwhile, the organic salts, sodium salicylate and tetrabutylammonium bromide, have been found to have a greater capacity to expand the range of ATPS because the electrostati...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hongni Teng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenxiu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuyun Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Tenside Surfactants Detergents",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mbaMYmzX": {
        "id": "mbaMYmzX",
        "title": "Properties and Extraction for [Ni(NH3)6]2+ of ATPS-a Formed by Aqueous Cationic–Anionic Surfactant Mixtures",
        "abstract": "The properties and extraction for [Ni(NH3)6]2+ of anionic aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS-a) that formed in mixtures of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and excess sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) aqueous solutions were investigated. The results showed that the properties and extraction effects were strongly affected by the surfactant concentration, the temperature of system, and the mole fraction of surfactants. The increase of temperature induces narrower phase region and larger phase volume ratio. In addition, [Ni(NH3)6]2+ was extracted into the surfactant-rich phase with higher distribution coefficient when the liquid crystal had the birefringent properties. Moreover, the distribution coefficient can be improved through reducing the concentration of surfactant from 0.15 to 0.05 mol · L−1 or increasing mole fraction of CTAB from 21.9% to 23.1%. The results showed that ATPS of cationic–anionic surfactants was efficient for [Ni(NH3)6]2+ extraction with distribution coefficients of 13.5 when the total su...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hongni Teng",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuyun Wang",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yixiao Hou",
                "org": "College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cuiying Yang",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Teng Shen",
                "org": "College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "SW290Gxx": {
        "id": "SW290Gxx",
        "title": "The significant effects of linear medium chain fatty alcohols on phase behavior of aqueous solution of mixed cationic–anionic surfactant",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenxiu Liu",
                "org": " College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": " College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huixiu Hao",
                "org": " College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kaili Zhang",
                "org": " College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Zhang",
                "org": " College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongni Teng",
                "org": " College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "8z82SAGn": {
        "id": "8z82SAGn",
        "title": "Durable antimicrobial finishing of cellulose with QSA silicone by supercritical adsorption",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hongni teng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shu yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mengqi niu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "nRmNVCHR": {
        "id": "nRmNVCHR",
        "title": "Open-Shop Scheduling for Unit Jobs Under Precedence Constraints.",
        "abstract": "We study open-shop scheduling for unit jobs under precedence constraints, where if one job precedes another job then it has to be finished before the other job can start to be processed. For the three-machine open-shop to minimize the makespan, we first present a simple 5/3-approximation based on a partition of the job set into agreeable layers using the natural layered representation of the precedence graph. We then show a greedy algorithm to reduce the number of singleton-job layers, resulting in an improved partition, which leads to a 4/3-approximation. Both approximation algorithms apply to the general m-machine open-shops too.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "An Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Randy Goebel",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohui Lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "COCOA",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "jWVYXQbP": {
        "id": "jWVYXQbP",
        "title": "A local search 4/3-approximation algorithm for the minimum 3-path partition problem.",
        "abstract": "Given a graph $G = (V, E)$, the $3$-path partition problem is to find a minimum collection of vertex-disjoint paths each of order at most $3$ to cover all the vertices of $V$. It is different from but closely related to the well-known $3$-set cover problem. The best known approximation algorithm for the $3$-path partition problem was proposed recently and has a ratio $13/9$. Here we present a local search algorithm and show, by an amortized analysis, that it is a $4/3$-approximation. This ratio matches up to the best approximation ratio for the $3$-set cover problem.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Randy Goebel",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohui Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Longcheng Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Su",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Weitian Tong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "An Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "FAW",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "z7ZVa1Of": {
        "id": "z7ZVa1Of",
        "title": "Scheduling jobs with equal processing times and a single server on parallel identical machines.",
        "abstract": "This paper studies the parallel-machine scheduling problem with a single server. There is a set of jobs to be processed on a set of m parallel and identical machines. Prior to processing on a machine, each job has to be loaded by a single server, which takes both the server and the machine a certain time. Preemption is not allowed. We consider the objective of minimizing the sum of jobs' completion times. This problem has been shown to be NP-hard even when all jobs have equal processing times (Brucker etźal., 2002). We prove in this paper that the SPT algorithm has a worst case ratio of 1 + m - 1 m + m - 1",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "An Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongjun Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangting Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Discrete Applied Mathematics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "apOlPlOz": {
        "id": "apOlPlOz",
        "title": "Approximate the scheduling of quay cranes with non-crossing constraints.",
        "abstract": "In port container terminals, the scheduling of quay cranes (QCs) for a container vessel is one of the most critical operations. This paper investigates the problem of scheduling quay cranes with non-crossing constraints, wherein QCs cannot cross over each other because they are on the same track. The objective is to minimise the makespan of a container vessel, which is the latest completion time among all handling tasks of the vessel. Compared with several 2-approximation algorithms in the literature, this paper presents an approximation algorithm with a worst case ratio 2−2m+1u003c2 for any m QCs. This ratio is demonstrated to be the best possible among all partition-based algorithms in the literature. Besides, we study the scheduling of two quay cranes with different processing speeds. For an arbitrary speed ratio s ≥ 1, an approximation algorithm with worst case ratio (1+s)21+s+s2 is provided.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "An Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenshuai Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangting Chen",
                "org": "School of Mathematics and Information Engineering, Taizhou University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xufeng Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Operational Research",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "GqfbPODh": {
        "id": "GqfbPODh",
        "title": "A local search 2.917-approximation algorithm for duo-preservation string mapping.",
        "abstract": "We study the {em maximum duo-preservation string mapping} ({sc Max-Duo}) problem, which is the complement of the well studied {em minimum common string partition} ({sc MCSP}) problem. Both problems have applications in many fields including text compression and bioinformatics. Motivated by an earlier local search algorithm, we present an improved approximation and show that its performance ratio is no greater than ${35}/{12} u003c 2.917$. This beats the current best $3.25$-approximation for {sc Max-Duo}. The performance analysis of our algorithm is done through a complex yet interesting amortization. Two lower bounds on the locality gap of our algorithm are also provided.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Taibo Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohui Lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "arXiv: Data Structures and Algorithms",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "9Ka4TGZz": {
        "id": "9Ka4TGZz",
        "title": "Better permutations for the single-processor scheduling with time restrictions.",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we consider single-processor scheduling with time restrictions. Given a fixed integer (Bge 2) and a set of jobs, we need to schedule the jobs sequentially on a single processor subject to the following B-constraint. For any real x, no unit time interval ([x, x+1)) is allowed to intersect more than B jobs. We show that there exists a permutation of the jobs which can be processed within a factor of (frac{5}{4}) of the optimum (plus an additional small constant) when (Bge 5) and this factor is best possible. When (B=3, 4), the corresponding factor equals (frac{B}{B-1}). Furthermore, we present an asymptotically optimal permutation for (B=2). The results for (Bge 4) improve the previous work on this problem.",
        "keywords": [
            "Single-processor scheduling",
            " Time restrictions",
            " Worst-case analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "An Zhang",
                "org": "Hangzhou Dianzi University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feilang Ye",
                "org": "Hangzhou Dianzi University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hangzhou Dianzi University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangting Chen",
                "org": "Taizhou University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optimization Letters",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "pdrm3zlj": {
        "id": "pdrm3zlj",
        "title": "On the NP-hardness of scheduling with time restrictions.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In a recent paper, Braun et al. (2014) have addressed a single-processor scheduling problem with time restrictions. Given a fixed integer    B  ≥  2   , there is a set of jobs to be processed by a single processor subject to the following    B   -constraint. For any real    x   , no unit time interval     [  x  ,  x  +  1  )     is allowed to intersect more than    B    jobs. The makespan minimization problem has been shown to be NP-hard when    B    is a part of input and left as an open question whether it remains NP-hard or not if    B    is fixed (Braun et al., 2014; 2016; Zhang, 2017). This paper contributes to answering this question that we prove the problem is NP-hard even when    B  =  2   . A PTAS is also presented for any constant    B  ≥  2   .",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "An Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Chen",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, TX 77024, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangting Chen",
                "org": "Taizhou University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Discrete Optimization",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Vos2kCt0": {
        "id": "Vos2kCt0",
        "title": "A (1.4 + epsilon)-Approximation Algorithm for the 2-Max-Duo Problem.",
        "abstract": "The maximum duo-preservation string mapping (Max-Duo) problem isthe complement of the well studied minimum common string partition (MCSP) problem, both of which have applications in many fields including text compression and bioinformatics. k-Max-Duo is the restricted version of Max-Duo, where every letter of the alphabet occurs at most k times in each of the strings, which is readily reduced into the well known maximum independent set (MIS) problem on a graph of maximum degree Delta le 6(k-1). In particular, 2-Max-Duo can then be approximated arbitrarily close to 1.8 using the state-of-the-art approximation algorithm for the MIS problem. 2-Max-Duo was proved APX-hard and very recently a (1.6 + epsilon)-approximation was claimed, for any epsilon u003e 0. In this paper, we present a vertex-degree reduction technique, based on which, we show that 2-Max-Duo can be approximated arbitrarily close to 1.4.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yao Xu",
                "org": "University of Alberta"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hangzhou Dianzi University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohui Lin",
                "org": "University of Alberta"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tian Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Taibo Luo",
                "org": "University of Alberta"
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ISAAC",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "HcLY1m2h": {
        "id": "HcLY1m2h",
        "title": "Combinatorial Approximation Algorithms for Spectrum Assignment Problem in Chain and Ring Networks.",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we investigate the spectrum assignment (SA) problem in chain and ring topologies, which is the key network design and control problem in spectrum sliced elastic optical path network. Improved algorithms with guaranteed performance ratios are provided for several NP-hard scenarios of the SA problem. Concretely, we develop (frac{4}{3})-approximation algorithms for the SA problem in chain networks with five or six nodes, and for the SA problem in the clockwise direction of a bidirectional ring networks with five nodes. For the latter problem with six nodes, we propose a (frac{3}{2})-approximation algorithm. All the algorithms are combinatorial and constructive, whose performance ratios are strictly smaller than the best known ones to date.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guangting Chen",
                "org": "Taizhou University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Zhang",
                "org": "Hangzhou Dianzi University"
            },
            {
                "name": "An Zhang",
                "org": "Hangzhou Dianzi University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hangzhou Dianzi University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "COCOA",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "6VA0mv06": {
        "id": "6VA0mv06",
        "title": "Minimizing makespan in a two-stage hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with open shop in one stage",
        "abstract": "This paper considers a scheduling problem in two-stage hybrid flow shop, where the first stage consists of two machines formed an open shop and the other stage has only one machine. The objective is to minimize the makespan, i.e., the maximum completion time of all jobs. We first show the problem is NP-hard in the strong sense, then we present two heuristics to solve the problem. Computational experiments show that the combined algorithm of the two heuristics performs well on randomly generated problem instances.",
        "keywords": [
            "hybrid flow shop",
            "open shop",
            "Heuristic algorithm",
            "90B35",
            "90C27"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jianming dong",
                "org": "zhejiang sci tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jueliang hu",
                "org": "zhejiang sci tech university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hangzhou dianzi university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "AxajhDUQ": {
        "id": "AxajhDUQ",
        "title": "Approximation algorithms for the maximum weight internal spanning tree problem.",
        "abstract": "Given a vertex-weighted connected graph \\(G = (V, E)\\), the maximum weight internal spanning tree (MwIST for short) problem asks for a spanning tree T of G such that the total weight of internal vertices in T is maximized. The unweighted variant, denoted as MIST, is NP-hard and APX-hard, and the currently best approximation algorithm has a proven performance ratio of 13 / 17. The currently best approximation algorithm for MwIST only has a performance ratio of \\(1/3 - \\epsilon \\), for any \\(\\epsilon > 0\\). In this paper, we present a simple algorithm based on a novel relationship between MwIST and maximum weight matching, and show that it achieves a significantly better approximation ratio of 1/2. When restricted to claw-free graphs, a special case previously studied, we design a 7/12-approximation algorithm.",
        "keywords": [
            "Maximum weight internal spanning tree",
            "Maximum weight matching",
            "Approximation algorithm",
            "Performance analysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Zhong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohui Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lusheng Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "COCOON",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ZYr17Jri": {
        "id": "ZYr17Jri",
        "title": "A (1.4 + ε)-approximation algorithm for the 2-{Max-Duo} problem.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yao Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Taibo Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohui Lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CoRR",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "h2RXViHb": {
        "id": "h2RXViHb",
        "title": "Is Warfarin Indicated in Behcet's Syndrome Associated with Thrombosis? Reflections on Treatment and Death of a Patient.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Long Guan",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese medical journal",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "TGwCiVKj": {
        "id": "TGwCiVKj",
        "title": "Effectiveness and safety of Glycyrrhizae Decoction for Purging Stomach-Fire in Behcet disease patients: Study protocol for a randomized controlled and double-blinding trail.",
        "abstract": "Chinese Clinical Registry (ChiCTR-ONC-16009621) on Oct. 2016 http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=16395.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Fei Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen-Hong Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Long Guan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "71TtUnOZ": {
        "id": "71TtUnOZ",
        "title": "Serum uric acid could be served as an independent marker for increased risk and severity of ascending aortic dilatation in Behçet's disease patients.",
        "abstract": "Serum uric acid could be served as an independent marker for increased risk and severity of AAD in BD patients.",
        "keywords": [
            "Behçet's disease",
            "C-reactive protein",
            "ascending aorta dilatation",
            "erythrocyte sedimentation rate",
            "serum uric acid"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jianfei Cai",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yinjia Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zou",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Shen",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Luo",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huafang Bao",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingfen Ye",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Long Guan",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of clinical laboratory analysis",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "lUPpB689": {
        "id": "lUPpB689",
        "title": "Incidence and risk factors for anemia among newly-diagnosed intestinal Behcet's disease patients.",
        "abstract": "Anemia is common in patients with newly-diagnosed intestinal BD. Although typically mild or moderate, anemia may closely relate with disease activity.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anemia",
            "Intestinal Behcet's disease",
            "Risk factors"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing-Fen Ye",
                "org": "Department of Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Fudan University Huadong Hospital, #221 yan'an west Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China. Electronic address: jianlong_guan@126.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Fudan University Huadong Hospital, #221 yan'an west Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Fei Cai",
                "org": "Department of Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Fudan University Huadong Hospital, #221 yan'an west Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Shen",
                "org": "Department of Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Fudan University Huadong Hospital, #221 yan'an west Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zou",
                "org": "Department of Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Fudan University Huadong Hospital, #221 yan'an west Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Long Guan",
                "org": "Department of Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Fudan University Huadong Hospital, #221 yan'an west Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of the National Medical Association",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "0PNJYqgX": {
        "id": "0PNJYqgX",
        "title": "Infliximab associated with life-threatening lung infection in a patient with Behcet disease with intestinal and hematopoietic system involvement: A case report.",
        "abstract": "Infliximab treatment may not benefit a patient with BD associated with MDS but place the patient at risk of infection.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Shen",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Fen Ma",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Fei Cai",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Qin Hua",
                "org": "Medical Imagology Department, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zou",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Long Guan",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Medicine",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "xvKrnNuy": {
        "id": "xvKrnNuy",
        "title": "Metformin Might Inhibit Virus through Increasing Insulin Sensitivity",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jian-Long Guan",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Gu",
                "org": "MOE and MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 325444, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Medical Journal",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pB6IC7M5": {
        "id": "pB6IC7M5",
        "title": "Effectiveness and safety of : Study protocol for a randomized controlled and double-blinding trail glycyrrhizae : Study protocol for a randomized controlled and double-blinding trail Decoction for Purging Stomach-fire in Behcet disease patients: Study protocol for a randomized controlled and double-blinding trail",
        "abstract": "AbstractBehcet disease (BD) is a worldwide-occurred autoimmune disorder and currently lack of optional successful treatment. An ancient traditional Chinese medical formula called Glycyrrhizae Decoction for Purging Stomach-Fire (GDPSF) was recorded and nowadays has been observed to be effective for BD patients. However, the strict randomized controlled and double-blinding trail is needed to further assess this alternative medicine.To ascertain the potential effects and safety of GDPSF for BD patients and to determine whether combination application of GDPSF and thalidomide could possibly reduce the side effects and increase effectiveness for BD management, we will conduct a randomized, double blind, controlled clinical trial. Patients enrolled will be randomly assigned into 3 groups: GDPSF group, thalidomide group, and integrative group (treated by both GDPSF and thalidomide). Participants will receive treatment for 6 months and accept a 12 months follow-up. Before and after treatment, clinical manifestations, blood tests, thalidomide dosage, remission levels, quality of life, and satisfactory levels will be assessed. The data of assessments on each group before and after treatments will be collected and analyzed through historical control, while between groups through intergroup control. Then statistical analysis will be applied to assess the effects and safety.This study protocol will assess the effects and safety of GDPSF for BD patients GDPSF. Combination application of GDPSF and thalidomide might be a new integrative medical method for BD patients.Chinese Clinical Registry (ChiCTR-ONC-16009621) on Oct. 2016 http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=16395.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Fei Cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen-hong Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-long Guan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "EbIm4kLS": {
        "id": "EbIm4kLS",
        "title": "Demography of vascular Behcet's disease with different gender and age: an investigation with 166 Chinese patients.",
        "abstract": "Vascular BD, including lethal types of aneurysm is more likely to occur in male patients. The female patients has a similar incidence rate with the males in their postmenopausal age. There was no evidence of progression course from mucocutaneous BD to vascular involvement.",
        "keywords": [
            "Aneurysm",
            "Behcet’s disease",
            "Epidemiology",
            "Thrombosis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Present address: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510330, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Fei Cai",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, #221 yan'an west Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen-Hong Lin",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, #221 yan'an west Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Long Guan",
                "org": "Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, #221 yan'an west Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China. jianlong_guan@126.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Orphanet journal of rare diseases",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "8ETBd92M": {
        "id": "8ETBd92M",
        "title": "T-Stenting-and-Small-Protrusion Technique for Bifurcation Stenoses After End-to-Side Anastomosis of Transplant Renal Artery and External Iliac Artery: Report of Two Cases",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "peng ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qingle zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianbo zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shuoyi ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenjin jiang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "Kxv0871K": {
        "id": "Kxv0871K",
        "title": "Blood supply characteristics of pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma prior to and following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization treatment: An angiographic demonstration.",
        "abstract": "Pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma (P-HCC) is a rare type of HCC, defined as a carcinoma protruding from the liver with or without a pedicle with a low degree of liver invasion. The present study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of blood supply of P-HCC prior to and following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. Angiographic findings prior to and following TACE treatment in 39 patients with P-HCC were analyzed retrospectively. Angiography performed at the first TACE session revealed 70 tumor-feeding arteries collectively in all patients, including 31/70 (44.0%) extrahepatic parasitic arteries in 23/39 patients (59.0%). The intrahepatic arteries served as the main blood supply to P-HCC in all patients. Extrahepatic collateral blood supplies to P-HCCs were significantly associated with larger tumor diameter (χ=164.000, P<0.001), but not tumor location (χ=7.358, P=0.061). Following repeated TACE treatment, all angiographies revealed a total of 131 tumor feeding arteries collectively in all patients, including intrahepatic arteries (54/131) and extrahepatic collateral arteries (78/131) in 31 patients (79.5%). Compared with angiographies performed at the initial TACE treatment, these results also demonstrated an increase in the number of extrahepatic collateral arteries, which produced 47 new blood vessels (χ=4.278, P=0.039). P-HCC tumor lesions readily acquired a parasitic blood supply from adjacent vessels following repeated TACE. Intrahepatic arteries functioned as the main blood supply for P-HCC, whereas extrahepatic collateral arteries were complementary to P-HCC, regardless of whether the patient was pre- or post-TACE. Extrahepatic collateral supplies to P-HCCs that originated from adjacent vessels were rich, were closely associated with tumor size, and were prone to be newly established following repeated TACE.",
        "keywords": [
            "angiography",
            "extrahepatic collateral supply",
            "pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma",
            "transcatheter arterial chemoembolization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dexiao Huang",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingle Zeng",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianbo Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xizhong Wu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Renhua Wu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanhao Li",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Oncology letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "59QWrmO7": {
        "id": "59QWrmO7",
        "title": "A quantitative proteomic response of hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells to danusertib, a pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor.",
        "abstract": "Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, but the overall prognosis remains disappointing especially in the advanced-stage patients. Aberration expression of Aurora kinases is tumorigenic and thus it has attracted interests as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. Here, we investigated the proteomic response of HCC Hep3B cells to danusertib (Danu), a pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor, and then validated the proteomic results based on stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC). The proteomic data identified that Danu modulated the expression of 542 protein molecules (279 up-regulated; 260 down-regulated; 3 stable). Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and KEGG pathway analysis identified 107 and 24 signaling pathways were regulated by Danu, respectively. IPA analysis showed cellular growth and proliferation, and cell death and survival were among the top five molecular and cellular functions regulated by Danu. The verification experiments showed that Danu inhibited the proliferation of Hep3B cells with a 24-hr IC value of 22.03 µM. Danu treatment also arrested Hep3B cells in G/M phase via regulating the expression of key cell cycle regulators and induced apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, Danu induced a marked autophagy, and inhibition of autophagy enhanced the anticancer effects of Danu, indicating a cyto-protective role of Danu-induced autophagy. Our proteomic data and Western blotting assays showed the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was involved in the inducing effect of Danu on apoptosis and autophagy. Collectively, our findings have demonstrated that the Aurora kinases inhibition with danusertib results in global proteomic response and exerts anticancer effects in Hep3B cells involving regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis and autophagy and associated signaling pathways.",
        "keywords": [
            "Aurora kinases",
            "Hepatocellular carcinoma",
            "apoptosis",
            "autophagy",
            "quantitative proteomics.",
            "cell cycle",
            "danusertib"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qiaohua Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinfa Yu",
                "org": "Department of Oncology and Interventional Radiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Wei Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Meihua Luo",
                "org": "Department of Oncology and Interventional Radiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chengyu Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Oncology and Interventional Radiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi-Xu He",
                "org": "Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center & Sino-US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shu-Feng Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pjTwtVTl": {
        "id": "pjTwtVTl",
        "title": "Fluoroscopy-guided subclavian vein catheterization in 203 children with hematologic disease.",
        "abstract": "Subclavian vein catheterization plays an important role in the treatment of children with hematologic disease. However, catheter placement is a difficult and high-risk procedure in children.Fluoroscopy-guided subclavian vein catheterization was used in 203 children (mean age, 6.99 years ± 3.722 years; range, 1-16 years) with hematologic disease. The number of vein punctures, catheterization success rate, fluoroscopy time, operation time, and surgical complications were recorded.There was a 100% success rate for fluoroscopy-guided subclavian vein catheterization. A total of 124 cases (61.1%) were successful on the first venipuncture attempt; 171 cases (84.2%) achieved success within 3 attempts. Twenty-five cases had 4 to 6 time venipunctures and the remaining 7 cases underwent ≥7 time venipunctures. All catheter tips were successfully placed at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium. Fluoroscopy times ranged from 16 to 607 seconds (mean, 65.46 ± 85.864 seconds). Operation time ranged between 5 and 25 minutes (mean, 10.38 ± 4.036 minutes). Arterial punctured was happened during surgery in 2 cases. There were 2 cases of catheter-related infection, but no other complications. The mean follow-up time was 35 days; range 20 to 50 days.Fluoroscopy-guided subclavian vein catheterization in children is a safe procedure, with a high success rate, resulting in a reduced number of venipunctures, optimal catheter placement, and reduced complications.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huajin Pang",
                "org": "Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofeng He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingle Zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Ye",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "OmK5jfaQ": {
        "id": "OmK5jfaQ",
        "title": "TP53 Mutation as Potential Negative Predictor for Response of Anti-CTLA-4 Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma.",
        "abstract": "TP53 has been proved to be associated with cytotoxic T-cell induced apoptosis, however, the association between TP53 and the benefit of immunotherapy in melanoma has not been studied. In the present study, we examined the relationship between TP53 mutation and response to CTLA-4 blockade in metastatic melanoma by analyzing the data from one public cohort consisting of 110 patients with metastatic melanoma. The sequencing, mRNA and survival data of 368 patients with skin melanoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to explore the underlying mechanism. TP53 mutation was associated with significant poorer progression-free survival (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.15-4.37; P = 0.014), poorer overall survival (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.02-4.13; P = 0.040) and trend of poorer response (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.02-1.62; P = 0.131). The correlations were significant in multivariate analysis including lactate dehydrogenase, tumor mutational burden and tumor stage (P < 0.05). In TCGA, no association was observed between TP53 mutation and survival (P = 0.55). The mRNA expression of FAS was lower in patients with TP53 mutation than TP53 wild-type. Our findings suggest that TP53 mutation is a potential negative predictor of metastatic melanoma treated with CTLA-4 blockade.",
        "keywords": [
            "Anti-CTLA-4",
            "Biomarker",
            "Melanoma",
            "TP53",
            "Tumor mutational burden"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenjing Xiao",
                "org": "Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Du",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51, Fucheng Road, Beijing, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Taoyuan Huang",
                "org": "Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Dermatology Hospital, No. 2, Lujing Road, Yuexiu District, Guangdong Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinan Guo",
                "org": "The Department of Urology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Shenzhen people's Hospital), Shenzhen Urology Minimally Invasive Engineering Center, Shenzhen, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingkui Mo",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, No 519, Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yuan",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, No 519, Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of musculoskeletal surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Ye",
                "org": "Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunwei Xu",
                "org": "Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenxian Wang",
                "org": "Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoqiang Wang",
                "org": "The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shangli Cai",
                "org": "The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Chen",
                "org": "Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China. Electronic address: Chenjingunion@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "EBioMedicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "OczeTJ3o": {
        "id": "OczeTJ3o",
        "title": "GRIPT: a novel case-control analysis method for Mendelian disease gene discovery.",
        "abstract": "Despite rapid progress of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, the disease-causing genes underpinning about half of all Mendelian diseases remain elusive. One main challenge is the high genetic heterogeneity of Mendelian diseases in which similar phenotypes are caused by different genes and each gene only accounts for a small proportion of the patients. To overcome this gap, we developed a novel method, the Gene Ranking, Identification and Prediction Tool (GRIPT), for performing case-control analysis of NGS data. Analyses of simulated and real datasets show that GRIPT is well-powered for disease gene discovery, especially for diseases with high locus heterogeneity.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cohort analysis",
            "Disease gene prioritization",
            "Locus heterogeneity",
            "Mendelian disease",
            "Next-generation sequencing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Wang",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": "Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xia Wang",
                "org": "Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, 77030, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, School of Computer Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingchu Xu",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zachry T Soens",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongqi Ge",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peter Ronghan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Wang",
                "org": "Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, School of Computer Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Chen",
                "org": "Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. ruichen@bcm.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Genome biology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Y9rzRrGK": {
        "id": "Y9rzRrGK",
        "title": "Genetic aberration in solitary fibrous tumors and its clinical relevance.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Chen",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Aimee Crago",
                "org": "Department of Surgical Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Biqiang Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunmeng Wang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingqiang Shi",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Minerva medica",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "6m1idMsl": {
        "id": "6m1idMsl",
        "title": "SeqCNV: a novel method for identification of copy number variations in targeted next-generation sequencing data.",
        "abstract": "SeqCNV is able to robustly identify CNVs of different size using capture NGS data. Compared with other CNV-calling methods, SeqCNV shows a significant improvement in both sensitivity and specificity.",
        "keywords": [
            "Copy number variation",
            "Maximum penalized likelihood estimation",
            "Next-generation sequencing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Computer Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": "Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Wang",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Cao",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Violet Gelowani",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingchu Xu",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Smriti A. Agrawal",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yumei Li",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Stephen P. Daiger",
                "org": "Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Richard A. Gibbs",
                "org": "Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Wang",
                "org": "School of Computer Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. wangfei@fudan.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Chen",
                "org": "Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. ruichen@bcm.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BMC Bioinformatics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "lIJToNkc": {
        "id": "lIJToNkc",
        "title": "Identification of the potential prognostic genes of human melanoma.",
        "abstract": "The melanoma is one of the most dangerous forms of skin diseases. It may spread to other parts of the body and cause serious illness and death. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial. However, the systemic expression analysis for the different staging of melanoma is still lacking to date. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of the different staging of melanoma by the differential expression analysis and random forest analysis. First, the results of the principal component analysis showed that the clustering of primary tumor samples, normal samples, and pigment nevus samples got closer, while the clustering of tumor metastatic samples and normal samples was far away. Moreover, the gene expression of tumor metastasis stage and the initial stage had obvious differences. Almost 426 genes identified had differential expression. The functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes was associated with the epidermal cell differentiation, epidermis development, and the keratinocyte differentiation. Taken together, our findings identified the differentially expressed signatures between primary melanoma and metastatic melanoma. Our results would provide the potential mechanisms of melanoma.",
        "keywords": [
            "differentially expression",
            "function enrichment",
            "melanoma",
            "random forest"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bing Wang",
                "org": "Department of Oncological Surgery, Minhang Branch, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Long Qu",
                "org": "Department of Oncological Surgery, Minhang Branch, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Cancer Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of cellular physiology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "rAYkW85G": {
        "id": "rAYkW85G",
        "title": "DEPDC1B knockdown inhibits the development of malignant melanoma through suppressing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis.",
        "abstract": "Malignant melanoma (MM) remains the leading cause of skin cancer related death, which has very poor prognosis because of locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis. DEPDC1B (DEP domain-containing protein 1B), has been proved to be associated with some types of malignant tumors. However, the role of DEPDC1B in MM is still unknown. In this study, the expression levels of DEPDC1B in MM tissues were detected by IHC. DEPDC1B knockdown cell lines were constructed, evaluated by Western blot and qRT-PCR, and also used for construction of mice xenograft models. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were investigated by MTT, colony formation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results indicated significantly up-regulated expression of DEPDC1B in tumor tissues. Moreover, knockdown of DEPDC1B could inhibit cell proliferation while inducing cell apoptosis. The in vivo study demonstrated the significant suppression of tumor growth by knockdown of DEPDC1B. Finally, the results of antibody array proved the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins and the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins by DEPDC1B knockdown. Therefore, it could be concluded that DEPDC1B was involved in the development and progression of MM, which may act as promotor for MM and could be a potential therapeutic target.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cell apoptosis",
            "Cell proliferation",
            "DEPDC1B",
            "Knockdown",
            "Malignant melanoma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Xu",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Sun",
                "org": "Department of Surgery Base, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Biqiang Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiguo Luo",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunyi Kong",
                "org": "Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Midie Xu",
                "org": "Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: chenyong@fudan.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Experimental cell research",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "TvorYp6C": {
        "id": "TvorYp6C",
        "title": "Fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of ostrich fat extracted by supercritical fluid extraction",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "composition",
            "fatty acid"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "feng wang",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xin liu",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "longhu wang",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "SKKroUeL": {
        "id": "SKKroUeL",
        "title": "Histone deacetylase 6 regulated expression of IL-8 is involved in the doxorubicin (Dox) resistance of osteosarcoma cells via modulating ABCB1 transcription.",
        "abstract": "Emerging evidence shows that cytokines such as interleukins (ILs) are involved in the progression and chemoresistance of multiple tumors, including osteosarcoma (OS). Our present study established the doxorubicin (Dox) resistant human OS MG-63 and HOS cells and named them MG-63/Dox and HOS/Dox, respectively. The expression of IL-8, while not VEGFA, IL-32, or IL-34, was significantly increased in OS/Dox cells as compared with that in the parental cells. IL-8 neutralization antibody can significantly increase the Dox sensitivity of OS/Dox cells. Further, IL-8 can up regulate ABCB1, which encodes one important ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter /P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Mechanically, IL-8 increased the transcription of ABCB1 via up regulating its promoter activity, while had no effect on its protein or mRNA stability. Targeted inhibition of p65 can attenuate IL-8 induced transcription of ABCB1 in OS cells. Treatment OS cells with 5-aza-dC, the inhibitor of DNMT, had no effect on expression of IL-8. Expression of HDAC6 in MG-63/Dox and HOS/Dox cells was significantly greater than that in their parental cells. Knockdown of HDAC6 can suppress the expression of IL-8 in OS cells. Collectively, our data showed that HDAC6 mediated upregulation of IL-8 can regulate the Dox sensitivity of OS cells via transcriptionally regulating the expression of ABCB1. Targeted inhibition of IL-8 might be a potent potential approach for overcome the Dox resistance of OS cells and helpful for clinical therapy of OS patients.",
        "keywords": [
            "ABCB1",
            "Doxorubicin",
            "HDAC6",
            "IL-8",
            "osteosarcoma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Mo Cheng",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiluo Cai",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wending Huang",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqiang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Luo",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wangjun Yan",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. Electronic address: wangjunyanfd@yeah.net."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European journal of pharmacology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "cbltR0Im": {
        "id": "cbltR0Im",
        "title": "Retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma: Analysis of 61 cases from a large institution.",
        "abstract": ": To describe the clinical features of retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma (RP DDLS) and further evaluate the prognostic factors. : The clinicopathological variables and treatment strategies of 61 RP DDLS patients who underwent surgical resections at a single institution between September 2005 and September 2016 were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods were conducted for survival analyses. : The average patients' age was 52 years (range, 27-81), and there was almost no gender predilection (30 males vs. 31 females). 51 (83.6%) patients got gross tumor resections (R0/R1 resection), and the median tumor size was 19 cm (range, 4.3-50 cm). 39(63.9%) patients were with intermediate-grade sarcoma and 22(36.1%) were with high-grade sarcoma. The median intraoperative blood loss was 400 ml (range, 50-2700ml). 19 (31.1%) patients presented multifocal diseases. Tumors were removed intactly in 42 (68.9%) patients. In order to obtain gross tumor resections, 33 (54.1%) of the patients underwent excisions of at least one adjacent organ, of which kidney (n=21, 63.6%) was the most common one. 6 (9.8%) patients developed distant metastases during follow-up. The overall 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 3.7%, with the median PFS of 19 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 43.5%, with the median OS of 58 months. Updating to November 2017, 30 (49.2%) patients remained alive. The median follow-up time was 49 months. Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model revealed that tumor grade, blood loss, resection extent, and tumor integrity were independently associated with OS (p=0.032, p=0.018, p=0.020, p=0.005, respectively). Tumor grade, tumor integrity and multifocality were significant predictors for PFS (p=0.013, p=0.080, p=0.009, p=0.028, respectively). : Intermediate-grade histology, intraoperative blood loss < 400 ml, complete tumor resection, and tumor integrity were independently associated with better OS. Intermediate-grade histology, tumor integrity and unifocal disease independently predicted favorable PFS.",
        "keywords": [
            "Asian",
            "predictors",
            "retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peng Luo",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiluo Cai",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingge Yang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqiang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ruming Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wangjun Yan",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingqiang Shi",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunmeng Wang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "iuSJUoKS": {
        "id": "iuSJUoKS",
        "title": "LncRNA MALAT1 Promotes Cancer Metastasis in Osteosarcoma via Activation of the PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway.",
        "abstract": "Our data revealed for the first time that MALAT1 increases stem cell-like properties by up-regulating RET via sponging miR-129-5p, and thus activates the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and provides potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma treatment.",
        "keywords": [
            "Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)",
            "Metastasis",
            "Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)",
            "Osteosarcoma",
            "Prognosis",
            "Proliferation",
            "Stemness"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, Chinayongchenphd@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wending Huang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Sun",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Biqiang Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunmeng Wang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiguo Luo",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Wang",
                "org": "Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wangjun Yan",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "LMx5cJAy": {
        "id": "LMx5cJAy",
        "title": "Bone metastasis pattern of cancer patients with bone metastasis but no visceral metastasis.",
        "abstract": "In patients with only one bone containing a metastasis but no visceral metastasis, bones near the primary were more likely to be first metastasized. This may be a valuable clue to primary tumor sites in patients with cancers of unknown primaries.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bone metastasis",
            "Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)",
            "Vertebral venous plexus"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Mingyu Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuan Qu",
                "org": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Silong Hu",
                "org": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingjian Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wentao Li",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyan Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huijuan Yang",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liangping Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifeng Wang",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yifeng Hou",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanli Wang",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaohui Wang",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongwu Lu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiguo Luo",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xichun Hu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dongan Rd, Shanghai 200032, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of bone oncology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "CJ4uwqby": {
        "id": "CJ4uwqby",
        "title": "A real-world study of recombinant human endostatin continuous intravenous infusion combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced mucosal melanoma.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xin Liu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Cao",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanchun Meng",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaowei Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Xu",
                "org": "Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunmeng Wang",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huijuan Yang",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunyi Kong",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiguo Luo",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Clinical Oncology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "Tb5XFkhx": {
        "id": "Tb5XFkhx",
        "title": "Radiographic response to neoadjuvant therapy and its impact on scope of surgery and prognosis in stage IIB/III soft tissue sarcomas.",
        "abstract": "Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been newly included in the NCCN guidelines as a treatment option for stage IIB/III soft tissue sarcomas. Whether radiographic response to neoadjuvant therapy correlates with improved quality of resection and prognosis remains unproven.Data from 120 consecutive patients who were treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection for their locally aggressive limb sarcomas were retrospectively reviewed. Radiographic response was evaluated after neoadjuvant therapy according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors, and data was analyzed for overall survival (OS), local recurrence free survival (LRFS) and metastasis free survival (MFS). Surgical complications and toxicities, as well as functional outcomes, were also analysed.After neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, 25 patients (20.8%) had a partial response, 75 patients (62.5%) had stable disease, and 20 patients (16.7%) showed disease progression. Radiographic response to neoadjuvant therapy correlated significantly with improved OS (P = 0.002) and MFS (P < 0.001). Patients with partial response (PR) had a significantly decreased rate of R2 resection as compared with stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) patients (4.0% Vs 21.4%, P < 0.001).Radiographic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy correlates with improved quality of resection and prognosis in extremity STS patients.",
        "keywords": [
            "internal medicine",
            "proportional hazards models",
            "stem cells",
            "cancer research",
            "multivariate analysis",
            "oncology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fudan University(Fudan University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Yang",
                "org": "Tianjin Medical University(Tianjin Medical University),Tianjin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ChunMeng Wang",
                "org": "Fudan University(Fudan University),Shanghai,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YingQiang Shi",
                "org": "Fudan University(Fudan University),Shanghai,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BMC cancer",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "lIsS73lo": {
        "id": "lIsS73lo",
        "title": "Prognostic significance of pretreatment lymphocyte/monocyte ratio in retroperitoneal liposarcoma patients after radical resection.",
        "abstract": "Pretreatment LMR is a useful prognostic marker in RPLS patients after radical resection.",
        "keywords": [
            "inflammatory biomarkers",
            "lymphocyte",
            "monocyte ratio",
            "prognosis",
            "retroperitoneal liposarcoma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peng Luo",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiluo Cai",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingge Yang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiqi Chen",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiqiang Wu",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ruming Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingqiang Shi",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wangjun Yan",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunmeng Wang",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, cmwang1975@163.com, spinetumor@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer management and research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "cmE1GMSw": {
        "id": "cmE1GMSw",
        "title": "Decreased expression of miR-378 is associated with local invasion, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in gastric cancer",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bi Qiang Zheng",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zi Wen Long",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chen",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chun Meng Wang",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ru Ming Zhang",
                "org": "Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ya Nong Wang",
                "org": "Sarcoma"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Qiang Shi",
                "org": "Sarcoma"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "BnAbD3YT": {
        "id": "BnAbD3YT",
        "title": "Identification of the potential prognostic genes of human melanoma: WANG et al.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bing Wang",
                "org": "Department of Oncological Surgery; Minhang Branch, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Long Qu",
                "org": "Department of Oncological Surgery; Minhang Branch, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University; Shanghai China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Musculoskeletal Cancer Surgery; Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University; Shanghai China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cellular Physiology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "2JDIBSew": {
        "id": "2JDIBSew",
        "title": "The use of unilateral or bilateral external oblique myocutaneous flap in the reconstruction of lower abdominal wall or groin defects after malignant tumor resection: Reconstruction of Lower Abdominal Wall or Groin",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunmeng wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ruming zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yingqiang shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "biqiang zheng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Surgical Oncology",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "fe2KOgCE": {
        "id": "fe2KOgCE",
        "title": "FlyVar: a database for genetic variation in Drosophila melanogaster.",
        "abstract": "FlyVar is a publicly and freely available platform that addresses the increasing need of next generation sequencing data analysis in the Drosophila research community. It is composed of three parts. First, a database that contains 5.94 million DNA polymorphisms found in Drosophila melanogaster derived from whole genome shotgun sequencing of 612 genomes of D. melanogaster. In addition, a list of 1094 dispensable genes has been identified. Second, a graphical user interface (GUI) has been implemented to allow easy and flexible queries of the database. Third, a set of interactive online tools enables filtering and annotation of genomic sequences obtained from individual D. melanogaster strains to identify candidate mutations. FlyVar permits the analysis of next generation sequencing data without the need of extensive computational training or resources.Database URL: www.iipl.fudan.edu.cn/FlyVar.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fei Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lichun Jiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nele A. Haelterman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hugo J. Bellen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DATA BASE",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "dAYHRIDF": {
        "id": "dAYHRIDF",
        "title": "Ni(OH)2/NiO nanosheet with opulent active sites for high-performance glucose biosensor",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A novel non-enzymatic glucose sensor has been successfully fabricated based on Ni(OH) 2 /NiO nanosheet with unique defect-rich structure synthesized via a high-power, microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were applied to characterize the composition and morphology of the materials. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy results verified that the Ni(OH) 2 /NiO nanosheets had abundant surface defects and additional active edge sites. Moreover, the glucose electrocatalytic properties of the defect-rich Ni(OH) 2 /NiO nanosheet were investigated through electrochemical methods, indicating that the fabricated biosensor had a high sensitivity of 2931.4 μA mM −1  cm −2 , a wide linear range from 0.09 mM to 3.62 mM, and a low detection limit of 5.0 μM ( S / N  = 3). The excellent glucose-sensing properties can be attributed to the synergic effect of Ni(OH) 2  and NiO, as well as the unique defect-rich structure of the active materials that produces opulent exposed active sites for glucose oxidation. The successful application of defect engineering to glucose sensing will pave a new way for the development of more efficacious catalyst.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lianyuan Ge",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyong Lai",
                "org": "Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Peng",
                "org": "Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinchun Tu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaotian Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sensors and Actuators B-chemical",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "kO2bDZGT": {
        "id": "kO2bDZGT",
        "title": "Ultrathin NiFe-layered double hydroxide decorated NiCo2O4 arrays with enhanced performance for supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Designing and synthesizing core/shell nanostructures materials as binder-free electrodes is an effective strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. In this work, the hierarchical NiCo 2 O 4 @NiFe-layered double hydroxide core/shell arrays are successfully constructed via a stepwise hydrothermally grow method and investigated for application in supercapacitors. With the assistance of the hierarchical core/shell structures and the synergetic effect between NiCo 2 O 4  and NiFe-layered double hydroxide nanosheets, the hybrid electrode discloses significant melioration in property, including the improvement in number of the electrochemically active sites and short transport path lengths for both electrons and ions. Thus, the core/shell electrode exhibits remarkable electrochemical performance, such as a high areal capacity (12.3 F cm −2 ) and good cycling stability (83.1% capacitance retention after 2000 cycles). Our trials testify that the hierarchical NiCo 2 O 4 @NiFe-layered double hydroxide core/shell nanowire arrays are advantageous for potential applications in energy storage devices.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haixing Gao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheng Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingliang Guo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shujiang Ding",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinchun Tu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Junlei Qi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "8d2j0wA2": {
        "id": "8d2j0wA2",
        "title": "3D NiO hollow sphere/reduced graphene oxide composite for high-performance glucose biosensor.",
        "abstract": "The outstanding glucose sensing performance should be attributed to the unique 3D hierarchical porous superstructure of the composite, especially for its enhanced electron-transfer kinetic properties.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shujiang Ding",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and MOE Key Laboratoryfor Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wanjun Hao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyong Lai",
                "org": "Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Peng",
                "org": "Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinchun Tu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China. tujinchun@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China. cy507@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaotian Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "A2D0ImgE": {
        "id": "A2D0ImgE",
        "title": "Facile synthesis of graphene/polypyrrole 3D composite for a high‐sensitivity non‐enzymatic dopamine detection",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhou Rui",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou570228 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou570228 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou570228 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kexi Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou570228 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou570228 People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinchun Tu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou570228 People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Polymer Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "yuIl4iWf": {
        "id": "yuIl4iWf",
        "title": "Mesoporous Indium Oxide for Nonenzymatic Uric Acid Sensing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanomaterials",
            "biosensor"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qingyou huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yang cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaohong wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kexi zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinchun tu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "kHmZ7LNM": {
        "id": "kHmZ7LNM",
        "title": "3-D periodic mesoporous nickel oxide for nonenzymatic uric acid sensors with improved sensitivity",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "biosensors"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "wei huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yang cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yang zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qingyou huang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "v9kxxrZe": {
        "id": "v9kxxrZe",
        "title": "Rapid synthesis of rGO conjugated hierarchical NiCo 2 O 4 hollow mesoporous nanospheres with enhanced glucose sensitivity.",
        "abstract": "NiCoO nanospheres, a type of conjugated reduced graphene oxide (rGO), are compounded by a simple and easy synthesis of CuO/GO and fabricated NiCoO/rGO nanocomposites based on a CuO/GO template. The structure and morphology of the hierarchical NiCoO/rGO are characterized by x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemistry properties of NiCoO/rGO composites toward glucose are determined based on a glassy carbon electrode, and the results indicate that the hollow nanospheres of NiCoO/rGO could achieve high-sensitivity detections of glucose. The NiCoO/rGO composite has a detection range of 0.04 mM to 1.28 mM, a sensitivity of 2082.57 μA mM cm, and a detection limit of 0.7 μM. The composite further exhibits obvious stability, superior reproducibility, and excellent selectivity. This study demonstrates that NiCoO/rGO is a unique and material with high potential in glucose sensing.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bingrong Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyong Lai",
                "org": "Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Peng",
                "org": "Laboratory Cultivation Base of Natural Gas Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinchun Tu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University, Haikou 570228, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaotian Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanotechnology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "cJyNO5Os": {
        "id": "cJyNO5Os",
        "title": "Cuprous Oxide Cubebox for Nonenzymatic Amperometric Hydrogen Peroxide Detection",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanomaterials",
            "biosensor",
            "hydrogen peroxide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "delun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yang cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "changjiu li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaohong wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kexi zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinchun tu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "E3T5ffiY": {
        "id": "E3T5ffiY",
        "title": "Microwave-assisted fast synthesis of hierarchical NiCo2O4 nanoflower-like supported Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles with an enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation",
        "abstract": "NiCo2O4 nanoflowers were synthesized through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and used as a type support for Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles. In the three-dimensional NiCo2O4 nanoflowers, two-dimensional ultrathin nanosheets supported the Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles by homogeneous precipitation. The materials were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical oxidation of methanol was probed through the NiCo2O4/Ni(OH)2 modification on a glassy carbon electrode in an alkaline medium by employing cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). The current density of the NiCo2O4/Ni(OH)2 electrode in 1 M KOH with 0.5 M methanol ascends to 92.3 A g−1 and restores to 94.6% of the primitive value through the replacement with a new solution after a long-term CV cycling (500 cycles). Therefore, the compounds further corroborate their excellent electrocatalytic activity and superb perennial stability for methanol oxidation. This study demonstrates that NiCo2O4/Ni(OH)2 is a peculiar material with an outstanding performance in direct methanol fuel cells.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bingrong Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingrong Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ruzhi Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaohong Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyong Lai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunhui Xiao",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinchun Tu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shujiang Ding",
                "org": "Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inorganic chemistry frontiers",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "iI7v9iPl": {
        "id": "iI7v9iPl",
        "title": "Study on the teaching and examination reform of public elective courses",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yinhong kang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yufeng luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "qXagfEnx": {
        "id": "qXagfEnx",
        "title": "The Path of Anti-School Bullying under Rule of Law in China",
        "abstract": "Anti-school bullying is a worldwide problem with great harm. The data of NSRC shows that school bullying occurs frequently in China. School bullying has serious social harmfulness, not only will it lead to high probability of deviant behaviors, but also influence the sufferers’ mental health. There are many causes that lead to high occurrence of school bullying, the most significant one of which is the lack of systemic and mature laws and regulations in China. In order to prevent and control school bullying effectively, the legal system should be perfected. Concretely speaking, at least the following five aspects should paid enough attention to: Setting reasonable purpose and principles for the laws and regulations, making a clear legal definition of school bullying, establishing the school bullying prevention committee, reasonably defining the boundary of obligations and responsibilities among different parties, and perfecting legal remedy system against school bullying.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi-chun Lei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "O8LctYQ7": {
        "id": "O8LctYQ7",
        "title": "Research of Financial Security Model based on Compliance Chain",
        "abstract": "Due to the lack of compliance regulatory system in the overall popularity of internet finance times, financial chaos such as assets tampers and trade disavowing, and simultaneously mutual trust crisis, happen now and then. Based on this phenomenon, this paper draws into blockchain technology, strengthens its compliance, promotes its financial supervision and management tools function, and builds the underlying compliance chain platform to support the service and application of financial market from the technology, application and management three levels. The implementation effect simplifies that compliance chain will help to construct a safety and compliant trade environment, so as to a new ecological of financial security.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jinhong He",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Binzhou Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingsu He",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Y6zVQyhG": {
        "id": "Y6zVQyhG",
        "title": "Exploration on Production-Teaching-Study Method of Land Planning Course of Urban & Rural Planning Major",
        "abstract": "This paper analyzes situations and problems existed on human geography and urban u0026 rural planning major of present land planning course, and builds production - teaching - study method of land planning course from the aspects of teaching objectives, teaching outline, teaching content, teaching platform and teaching methods. The effect of preliminary practice shows the method is of helpful to cultivate versatile planning talents possessing thinking, study, creation and action ability and has important exemplary and referential significance for teaching method of practical course at the undergraduate stage.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan-Zhong Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "rMSAwrGR": {
        "id": "rMSAwrGR",
        "title": "Reflections on the Case Teaching of Postgraduate Course Based on Cultivating Innovative Ability",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lihua Ke",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yicheng Ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiaozhi Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nan Yao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qihu Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuyang Ye",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "qpJLs2yB": {
        "id": "qpJLs2yB",
        "title": "Trs130 Participates in Autophagy Through GTPases Ypt31/32 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Trs130 Participates in Autophagy",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shenshen zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nava segev",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sidney yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yan liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gaoyi min",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "min ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yan zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoping zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bing hong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lars olof bjorn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongheng liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shaoshan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiping xie",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Traffic",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "bAfxfwQN": {
        "id": "bAfxfwQN",
        "title": "Improved methods for cloning and detection in the yeast two hybrid assay",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "yeast two hybrid",
            "protein protein interactions",
            "cloning"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shenshen zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qianyu wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin kang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yilie liao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yutao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gaoyi min",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongheng liang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "DK4HSODC": {
        "id": "DK4HSODC",
        "title": "Ypt1 suppresses defects of vesicle trafficking and autophagy in Ypt6 related mutants: Ypt1 suppresses defects in Ypt6 mutants",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "min ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shenshen zou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sidney yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongheng liang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cell Biology International",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "QOM0ywp2": {
        "id": "QOM0ywp2",
        "title": "A Rab5 GTPase module is important for autophagosome closure.",
        "abstract": "In the conserved autophagy pathway, the double-membrane autophagosome (AP) engulfs cellular components to be delivered for degradation in the lysosome. While only sealed AP can productively fuse with the lysosome, the molecular mechanism of AP closure is currently unknown. Rab GTPases, which regulate all intracellular trafficking pathways in eukaryotes, also regulate autophagy. Rabs function in GTPase modules together with their activators and downstream effectors. In yeast, an autophagy-specific Ypt1 GTPase module, together with a set of autophagy-related proteins (Atgs) and a phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) kinase, regulates AP formation. Fusion of APs and endosomes with the vacuole (the yeast lysosome) requires the Ypt7 GTPase module. We have previously shown that the Rab5-related Vps21, within its endocytic GTPase module, regulates autophagy. However, it was not clear which autophagy step it regulates. Here, we show that this module, which includes the Vps9 activator, the Rab5-related Vps21, the CORVET tethering complex, and the Pep12 SNARE, functions after AP expansion and before AP closure. Whereas APs are not formed in mutant cells depleted for Atgs, sealed APs accumulate in cells depleted for the Ypt7 GTPase module members. Importantly, depletion of individual members of the Vps21 module results in a novel phenotype: accumulation of unsealed APs. In addition, we show that Vps21-regulated AP closure precedes another AP maturation step, the previously reported PI3P phosphatase-dependent Atg dissociation. Our results delineate three successive steps in the autophagy pathway regulated by Rabs, Ypt1, Vps21 and Ypt7, and provide the first insight into the upstream regulation of AP closure.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhou",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shenshen Zou",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanna Lipatova",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Sun",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Zhu",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Li",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zulin Wu",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiming You",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoxia Cong",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dr. Li Dak Sam & Yap Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiting Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dr. Li Dak Sam & Yap Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiping Xie",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Valeriya Gyurkovska",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yutao Liu",
                "org": "College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qunli Li",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenjing Li",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cheng",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongheng Liang",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nava Segev",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PLoS genetics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "4qQPLfi5": {
        "id": "4qQPLfi5",
        "title": "A Rab5 GTPase module is important for autophagosome",
        "abstract": "In the conserved autophagy pathway, the double-membrane autophagosome (AP) engulfs cellular components to be delivered for degradation in the lysosome. While only sealed AP can productively fuse with the lysosome, the molecular mechanism of AP closure is currently unknown. Rab GTPases, which regulate all intracellular trafficking pathways in eukaryotes, also regulate autophagy. Rabs function in GTPase modules together with their activators and downstream effectors. In yeast, an autophagy-specific Ypt1 GTPase module, together with a set of autophagy-related proteins (Atgs) and a phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) kinase, regulates AP formation. Fusion of APs and endosomes with the vacuole (the yeast lysosome) requires the Ypt7 GTPase module. We have previously shown that the Rab5-related Vps21, within its endocytic GTPase module, regulates autophagy. However, it was not clear which autophagy step it regulates. Here, we show that this module, which includes the Vps9 activator, the Rab5-related Vps21, the CORVET tethering complex, and the Pep12 SNARE, functions after AP expansion and before AP closure. Whereas APs are not formed in mutant cells depleted for Atgs, sealed APs accumulate in cells depleted for the Ypt7 GTPase module members. Importantly, depletion of individual members of the Vps21 module results in a novel phenotype: accumulation of unsealed APs. In addition, we show that Vps21-regulated AP closure precedes another AP maturation step, the previously reported PI3P phosphatase-dependent Atg dissociation. Our results delineate three successive steps in the autophagy pathway regulated by Rabs, Ypt1, Vps21 and Ypt7, and provide the first insight into the upstream regulation of AP closure.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fan Zhou",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shenshen Zou",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanna Lipatova",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Sun",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Zhu",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Li",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zulin Wu",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiming You",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoxia Cong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Ting Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiping Xie",
                "org": "School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Valeriya Gyurkovska",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yutao Liu",
                "org": "College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qunli Li",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenjing Li",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Cheng",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongheng Liang",
                "org": "College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Nava Segev",
                "org": "Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PLOS Genetics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "fFpurzi6": {
        "id": "fFpurzi6",
        "title": "Effects of biochar amendment to soils on stylet penetration activities by aphid Sitobion avenae and planthopper Laodelphax striatellus on their host plants.",
        "abstract": "Biochar amendment can make stylet penetration activities less effective by S. avenae and L. striatellus on their host plants. The ineffective penetration may result from the alteration in the contents of penetration-relevant nutrients in the host plant as a consequence of biochar amendment to soils. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Charcol",
            "aphids",
            "feedstock",
            "integrated pest management",
            "plant nutritive",
            "rice planthopper"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing Rong",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Fu",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoping Li",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Meng",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pest management science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "UtgTs8Al": {
        "id": "UtgTs8Al",
        "title": "Biochar applications decrease reproductive potential of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae and upregulate defense-related gene expression: Biochar enhance wheat defenses to aphids",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ran Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoping Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Meng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pest Management Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "PIv8umja": {
        "id": "PIv8umja",
        "title": "Biochar applications decrease reproductive potential of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae and upregulate defense-related gene expression.",
        "abstract": "Our results suggest that biochar amendments to soils have detrimental consequences on reproductive potential of the aphid on the wheat, and the effect may result from aphid-induced plant defenses being raised by biochar applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "Aphididae",
            "Biochar application",
            "herbivory-induced resistance",
            "phloem-feeding",
            "silicon induction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ran Li",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoping Li",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Meng",
                "org": "College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pest management science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "YwKjFZoZ": {
        "id": "YwKjFZoZ",
        "title": "Circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of congenital heart defects",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides in length, and play important regulatory roles in normal heart development and the pathogenesis of heart diseases. Recently, a few prospective studies have implicated the diagnostic role of microRNAs in congenital heart defects (CHD).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wanqin Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Ni",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "World journal of emergency medicine",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "96uYmKyU": {
        "id": "96uYmKyU",
        "title": "Genetic analysis of the RAB39B gene in Chinese Han patients with Parkinson's disease",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Parkinsonu0027s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder of complex etiology. Mounting evidence indicates that genetic abnormalities play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD. To date, at least 20 genetic loci and 15 disease-causing genes for parkinsonism have been identified, as well as some susceptibility genes conferring risk to PD. More recently, mutations in the  RAB39B  gene (RAB39B, member RAS oncogene family) have been reported to cause X-linked intellectual disability and early-onset PD with α-synuclein pathology. To evaluate whether variants in the  RAB39B  gene are related to PD in Chinese Han population, we conducted genetic analysis of the  RAB39B  gene in 502 patients with PD from Mainland China. No pathogenic mutation or variant was identified in the coding region or exon-intron boundaries of the gene. Our results suggest that mutation(s) in the coding region of the  RAB39B  gene plays little or no role in the development of PD in Chinese population.",
        "keywords": [
            "coding region",
            "mutation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "lamei yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiong deng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhi song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhijian yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin ni",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao deng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Neurobiology of Aging",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "38ddyjR3": {
        "id": "38ddyjR3",
        "title": "Genetic analysis of TREM2 variants in Chinese Han patients with sporadic Parkinson’s disease",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "mc1r gene"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ting tan",
                "org": "central south university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhi song",
                "org": "central south university"
            },
            {
                "name": "lamei yuan",
                "org": "central south university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wei xiong",
                "org": "central south university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiong deng",
                "org": "central south university"
            },
            {
                "name": "bin ni",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao deng",
                "org": "central south university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Neuroscience Letters",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "NF8cREBo": {
        "id": "NF8cREBo",
        "title": "Clinical diagnosis and mutation analysis of a Chinese family with Camurati-Engelmann disease.",
        "abstract": "Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is a rare autosomal dominant bone disorder caused by a mutation in transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). The present study aimed to identify a Chinese family with suspected CED based on the clinical symptoms, including pain in extremities, waddling gait, muscle weakness, cortical thickening of the diaphysis of the long bones, and sclerosis of the skull, facial bone, and pelvis. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of the p.Glu169Lys (E169K) mutation in exon 2 of TGFβ1 in patients when compared with the controls. Therefore, the Chinese family was diagnosed with CED due to the presence of the E169K mutation. The present study emphasized the importance of clinical and genetic evidence for the diagnosis of CED. The data presented in the present study are of significance to clinicians, as well as genetic counselors, in the prenatal screening of CED.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Research Institute of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410126, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wanqin Xie",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Research Institute of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410126, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Hu",
                "org": "Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia Chen",
                "org": "Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hexin Zheng",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Research Institute of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410126, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyan Zhou",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Research Institute of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410126, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Ni",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Research Institute of Hunan, Changsha, Hunan 410126, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wanmeng Li",
                "org": "Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianda Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular medicine reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "N5ROhgzw": {
        "id": "N5ROhgzw",
        "title": "Identification of a missense mutation in the tyrosinase gene in a Chinese family with oculocutaneous albinism type 1.",
        "abstract": "Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of heterogeneous and autosomal recessive disorders characterized by a reduction or complete loss of melanin biosynthesis in melanocytes. OCA type 1 (OCA1) is the most severe and common form of OCA, and is caused by mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR). The present study aimed to identify the genetic cause of OCA1 in a four‑generation consanguineous Chinese Han family. Complete physical examinations were performed and blood samples were collected from five members of the family and 100 unrelated healthy controls. Exome sequencing was conducted in the proband, followed by verification in other family members, using Sanger sequencing. Patients in the family presented with typical OCA1 features, including hypopigmentation of the skin and hair, and distinctive ocular changes. A homozygous missense variant, c.896G>A (p.R299H), in the TYR gene was identified in two patients, which co‑segregated with disease in the family. This variant was not present in the 100 healthy controls. These results expand the number of mutations identified to be responsible for OCA1 in the Chinese Han population, and may have implications for genetic counseling and clinical management of the disease.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qian Lu",
                "org": "Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lamei Yuan",
                "org": "Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongbo Xu",
                "org": "Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjun Huang",
                "org": "Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhijian Yang",
                "org": "Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junhui Yi",
                "org": "Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Ni",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, Family Planning Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Deng",
                "org": "Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecular medicine reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "5LVQXhD4": {
        "id": "5LVQXhD4",
        "title": "MicroRNA-138 suppresses proliferation, invasion and glycolysis in malignant melanoma cells by targeting HIF-1α.",
        "abstract": "MicroRNAs (miRs) may induce mRNA degradation or inhibit protein translation by directly binding to the 3'-untranslational region of target mRNAs. It has been reported that miR-138 is downregulated in malignant melanoma (MM) cells. However, the role of miR-138 in MM cell proliferation, invasion and energy metabolism remains unknown. These were investigated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the expression of miR-138 and the mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), as HIF-1α serves a crucial role in glycolysis, which is important for tumor growth. In addition, western blot analysis was used to detected the protein expression of HIF-1α, while MTT and Transwell assays evaluated cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. Furthermore, glucose consumption and lactic acid production were assessed. These tests were conducted using the normal human melanocyte cell line HM and the MM cell line WM451, which was transfected variously with scramble miR mimics, miR-138 mimics, miR-138 inhibitor, non-specific small interfering (si)RNA, HIF-1α siRNA, or co-transfected with miR-138 mimics and pc-DNA3.1(+)-HIF-1α plasmid. The results showed that miR-138 was significantly downregulated in MM WM451 cells compared to a normal melanocyte cell line HM. Overexpression of miR-138 significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of WM451 cells. These effects were similar to those induced by the siRNA-mediated knockdown of HIF-1α, a direct target of miR-138. Further investigation found that miR-138 negatively regulated the protein expression of HIF-1α in WM451 cells. Moreover, upregulation of miR-138 notably inhibited the glycolysis level, as demonstrated by reduced glucose consumption and lactic acid production, which could be reversed by the overexpression of HIF-1α. In summary, the present study demonstrated that miR-138 is able to inhibit proliferation, invasion and glycolysis in MM cells, potentially by directly targeting HIF-1α.",
        "keywords": [
            "glycolysis",
            "hypoxia-inducible factor-1α",
            "invasion",
            "melanoma",
            "microRNA-138",
            "proliferation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yao Chen",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China; Department of Plastic Surgery, Longgang Orthopedics Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "K E Cao",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaohua Wang",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia Chen",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin He",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "G U He",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Peng",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianda Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Experimental and therapeutic medicine",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "j3d0NWza": {
        "id": "j3d0NWza",
        "title": "Auricle shaping using 3D printing and autologous diced cartilage: Auricle Shaping",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junlin Liao",
                "org": "Departments of Medical Cosmetology; The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China; Hengyang"
            },
            {
                "name": "Junlin Liao",
                "org": "Departments of Medical Cosmetology; The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China; Hengyang"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia Chen",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin He",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Qian",
                "org": "Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaqin Xu",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha"
            },
            {
                "name": "Aijun Wang",
                "org": "Department of Surgery; Davis Health System, University of California; Sacramento California U.S.A"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingfeng Li",
                "org": "Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongju Xie",
                "org": "Departments of Medical Cosmetology; The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China; Hengyang"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianda Zhou",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Laryngoscope",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "B62PW7Qu": {
        "id": "B62PW7Qu",
        "title": "Auricle shaping using 3D printing and autologous diced cartilage.",
        "abstract": "NA. Laryngoscope, 2019.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D printing",
            "Diced cartilage",
            "auricle. reconstruction",
            "platelet-rich plasma",
            "porous hollow mold"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Junlin Liao",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Emergency Department, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia Chen",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin He",
                "org": "Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Ningxiang People's Hospital, Ningxiang, Hunan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Qian",
                "org": "Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaqin Xu",
                "org": "Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Hainan People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Aijun Wang",
                "org": "Department of Surgery, Davis Health System, University of California, Sacramento, California, U.S.A."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingfeng Li",
                "org": "Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongju Xie",
                "org": "Departments of Medical Cosmetology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianda Zhou",
                "org": "Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Laryngoscope",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "d7X2nhny": {
        "id": "d7X2nhny",
        "title": "Improved nonlinear chirp scaling algorithm for dechirped missile-borne synthetic aperture radar",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "distortion",
            "synthetic aperture radar"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "si chen",
                "org": "nanjing university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "shuning zhang",
                "org": "nanjing university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "huichang zhao",
                "org": "nanjing university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "xingang zhou",
                "org": "nanjing university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "nanjing university of science and technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Remote Sensing",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "hbkDAqrg": {
        "id": "hbkDAqrg",
        "title": "An Improved Focusing Algorithm for Missile-Borne SAR with High Squint",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "sar"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui chang zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "si chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s n zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "gLzVnMTf": {
        "id": "gLzVnMTf",
        "title": "Design of a Miniaturization Microstrip Antenna and Cavity Model Analysis",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "microstrip antenna",
            "miniaturization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "y x yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui chang zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "si chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "IPFEqYBz": {
        "id": "IPFEqYBz",
        "title": "A New Imaging Algorithm for Forward-Looking Missile-Borne Bistatic SAR.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Si Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yue Yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuning Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huichang Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE J Sel. Topics in Appl. Earth Observ. and Remote Sensing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "O9BFQDWs": {
        "id": "O9BFQDWs",
        "title": "A New Imaging Algorithm for Forward-Looking Missile-Borne Bistatic SAR.",
        "abstract": "Bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR), which can break through the limitations of the conventional monostatic SAR on forward-looking imaging, continues to gain in significance due to a variety of applications, like the missile terminal guidance. To improve Doppler resolution and to avoid azimuth ambiguities of the missile-borne SAR, an extended nonlinear chirp scaling (NLCS) algorithm for the forward-looking missile-borne bistatic SAR (FLMB-SAR) is proposed in this paper. Based on the novel algorithm and the bistatic configuration with a stationary transmitter and a forward-looking missile-borne receiver, the missile-borne SAR not only can image the forward-looking terrain of the targets but also plays sufficient role in navigation. Finally, the simulation results are exhibited to validate the correctness of the analysis and prove the two-dimensional (2-D) imaging ability of the FLMB-SAR.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Si Chen",
                "org": "School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yue Yuan",
                "org": "School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuning Zhang",
                "org": "School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huichang Zhao",
                "org": "School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE J Sel. Topics in Appl. Earth Observ. and Remote Sensing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "4DHyTXt3": {
        "id": "4DHyTXt3",
        "title": "Study on Minimum Entropy-based Autofocus Algorithm Simulation for Spotlight SAR Imaging",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huichang zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongbing sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "si chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "TyFIlVnj": {
        "id": "TyFIlVnj",
        "title": "Controllable synthesis of perovskite-like PbBiO2Cl hollow microspheres with enhanced photocatalytic activity for antibiotic removal",
        "abstract": "Novel perovskite-like PbBiO2Cl materials with hollow and porous sphere-like structures were successfully synthesized using a polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and reactive ionic liquid 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chlorine ([C16mim]Cl) complex system. TEM was employed to characterize the hollow-porous structure formed by the double regulation of the ionic liquid and PVP. The achieved hollow-porous PbBiO2Cl sphere-like photocatalyst showed excellent photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of the colorless antibiotic agents ciprofloxacin (CIP) and tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of the PbBiO2Cl materials was mainly derived from the porous and hollow structure, which enables a larger specific surface area and faster interfacial charge separation. Moreover, based on the analysis of XPS valence spectra, electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra and free radical trapping experiments, the main active species were determined to be holes and superoxide radicals during the photocatalytic degradation process. According to the results of the characterizations and the comparative tests, possible growth and photocatalytic reaction mechanisms were proposed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sheng Yin",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Wu",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Li",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Di",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengxia Ji",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiexiang Xia",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaming Li",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road,Zhenjiang,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CrystEngComm",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "LdndWMzq": {
        "id": "LdndWMzq",
        "title": "In-situ preparation of iron(II) phthalocyanine modified bismuth oxybromide with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity and mechanism insight",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sheng Yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingsong Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yi Ding",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yifan Shao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Di",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiexiang Xia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaming Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "u6FNNPVh": {
        "id": "u6FNNPVh",
        "title": "Controlled preparation of MoS 2 /PbBiO 2 I hybrid microspheres with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic behaviour.",
        "abstract": "Novel MoS/PbBiOI hybrid microspheres were controllably synthesized via the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ([Hmim]I) assisted solvothermal method. The morphologies, structures, optical and electronic properties of the materials were explored by XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, DRS, EIS and photocurrent analysis. The photocatalytic activity of MoS/PbBiOI was evaluated by the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), antibiotic agent ciprofloxacin (CIP) and bisphenol A (BPA) under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation results showed that the activity of MoS/PbBiOI was higher than that of pure PbBiOI because of suitable band alignment, a larger specific surface area, an enhanced light absorption region, and stronger photocurrent intensity arising from the interface interaction between MoS and PbBiOI. The 1.0 wt% MoS/PbBiOI showed the best photocatalytic performance. Electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments and free radical trapping experiments showed that the superoxide radicals (O) and holes (h) were determined to be the main active species for the photocatalysis process. A possible mechanism was presented based on the detection and analysis results.",
        "keywords": [
            "Microspheres",
            "MoS(2)",
            "PbBiO(2)I",
            "Photocatalysis",
            "Visible-light irradiation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ming Li",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sheng Yin",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China. Electronic address: Yinsheng@ujs.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Wu",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Di",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengxia Ji",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiexiang Xia",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaming Li",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China. Electronic address: lhm@ujs.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of colloid and interface science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ysBn01vG": {
        "id": "ysBn01vG",
        "title": "In-situ preparation of NH2-MIL-125(Ti)/BiOCl composite with accelerating charge carriers for boosting visible light photocatalytic activity",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a new class of porous and crystalline materials, which have drawn increasing attention in diverse areas. The development of highly active MOFs-based photocatalysts have become a research hotspot owing to the tunable semiconducting properties and highly porous nanostructure. The unique roles of photocatalysis by MOFs can be conventionally optimized towards addressing the environment and energy issues. In this paper, NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti)/BiOCl composite was studied as a novel visible-light responsive photocatalyst for the removal of organic contaminants. The composite displays significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for contaminant degradation as compared with BiOCl and NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti), and the optimal NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) content is 10 wt%. The remarkable enhancement of the photocatalytic performance can be ascribed to the absorption of visible-light as well as the efficient charge separation and transfer on the interface contact between BiOCl and NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti). Superoxide radicals and holes were determined to be the main active species in the photocatalytic process via the reactive species trapping experiments and electron spin resonance, and the plausible photocatalytic mechanism is presented. This work aims to provide guidelines for developing more organic-inorganic hybrid materials for environmental remediation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qingsong Hu",
                "org": "School of Ecological and Environmental Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Di",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Wang",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengxia Ji",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiexiang Xia",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaming Li",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yaping Zhao",
                "org": "School of Ecological and Environmental Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Surface Science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "SQC5b9rU": {
        "id": "SQC5b9rU",
        "title": "Full Dense SiCN Ceramics Derived from Polysilazane",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "ceramic",
            "polymer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu xi yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hai sheng san",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "de qian guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "x y wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "RQQO2Vel": {
        "id": "RQQO2Vel",
        "title": "Hydrophobic Flexible Silica Aerogels Felts Fabricated by Ambient Pressure Drying",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiao yun wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu xi yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "de qian guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "13Oni0Rj": {
        "id": "13Oni0Rj",
        "title": "Alumina ( Al 2 O 3 ) Nanofibers from Electrospinning",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "delin lai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "da xiang yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu xi yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei ling guo",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "OLPLCggR": {
        "id": "OLPLCggR",
        "title": "Alumina (Al2O3) Nanofibers from Electrospinning",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanofiber"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "delin lai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "da xiang yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei ling guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu xi yu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "vSld1PuP": {
        "id": "vSld1PuP",
        "title": "Investigation of energy efficiency for electro-hydraulic composite braking system which is based on the regenerated energy",
        "abstract": "A novel structure of the combined braking system based on the regenerative braking energy has been proposed to achieve simplified structure and energy-saving capability simultaneously, which includes the hydraulic regenerative braking system, electro-hydraulic braking system, and the power coordinate module. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications of the developed system are discussed. The corresponding mathematic models are developed, a fuzzy control method which can fulfill the power coordinate between the high-pressure and low-pressure accumulators is proposed, and the correctness of the model is verified with the utilization of the test bench. The dynamic characteristics and efficiency are further investigated in various parameters based on MATLAB/Simulink, such as the vehicle initial braking speed, the upper pressure, the liquid capacity, and the state-of-charge (SOC) of the regenerative braking accumulator. The results of the simulations which provide strong evidence for the liquid cap...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bin Ma",
                "org": "1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Muyi Lin",
                "org": "1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lian-xin Wang",
                "org": "1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advances in Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "NM0snKPI": {
        "id": "NM0snKPI",
        "title": "Evaluating the tire wear quantity and differences based on vehicle and road coupling method",
        "abstract": "Tire wear quantity and difference is one of the main points that affect the intension of tire road print feature and is under a tight link not only with tire road friction energy but also with vehicle dynamics. The proposed methodology aims to provide a mathematical method to analyze tire marks’ feature for prediction the vehicle operating status in pro- and post-crash phases. The kinetic sliding friction coefficient considering the road effect is simplified with the new real contact area model. After, a simplified 9 degrees of freedom vehicle dynamics model by coupling the tire dynamic model is set up, and the effectiveness of the model is evaluated with vehicle stability measurement equipment. Furthermore, a theoretical model of tire wear quantity and difference as a function of road properties and vehicle dynamics is set up combined with vehicle–road coupling algorithm, and important parameters (e.g. vehicle speed, steering angle, braking force, and road feature) are analyzed to assess the tire wear qu...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bin Ma",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong-guo Xu",
                "org": "Laboratory of Automobile Safety, College of Traffic, Jilin University, Changchun, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Muyi Lin",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advances in Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "euFmX1xH": {
        "id": "euFmX1xH",
        "title": "Optimization for a Grid-connected Hybrid PV-wind-retired HEV Battery Microgrid System",
        "abstract": "Abstract   This paper presents a study on the retired EV(electrical vehicle) battery in hybrid PV-Wind-Retired Battery microgrid system. An optimal control theory based algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal application of the battery pack for a residential house equipped with a roof-top PV system and a wind turbine. The main goal of this algorithm is to low the cost of energy purchased from the main grid and maximize the profits for selling energy generated by photovoltaic arrays and wind turbine.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shuchun Li",
                "org": "National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuchun Li",
                "org": "National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fengchun Sun",
                "org": "National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongwen He",
                "org": "National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science & Technology University,100192, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy Procedia",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Nj9y74Cf": {
        "id": "Nj9y74Cf",
        "title": "Optimum Matching of Electric Vehicle Powertrain",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Optimum matching of a target vehicle powertrain was formulated as a nonlinear constrained optimization problem. The dynamic and economic objective functions were respectively set up by maximum grade ability and driving range. In addition, the simulated annealing genetic algorithm (SAGA) was used to solve the optimum problem. In order to evaluate the effects of the optimized powertrain on vehicle performance, simulation models of the target and optimized vehicles were established in CRUISE software and verified by test results. It is helpful to achieve dynamic performance improvement, energy consumption reduction and driving range increase.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pan Zhang",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, No.12, Xiaoying East Road, Qinghe, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, No.12, Xiaoying East Road, Qinghe, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Muyi Lin",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, No.12, Xiaoying East Road, Qinghe, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Ma",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, No.12, Xiaoying East Road, Qinghe, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy Procedia",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "vcZSe6ZM": {
        "id": "vcZSe6ZM",
        "title": "Optimization between the PV and the Retired EV Battery for the Residential Microgrid Application",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "optimization",
            "ev"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shuchun li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongwen he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "min huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunhua hu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy Procedia",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "gBud4ynV": {
        "id": "gBud4ynV",
        "title": "Working cycle identification–based braking control strategy and its application for hydraulic hybrid loader",
        "abstract": "Due to the introduction of multiple subsystems, it is very difficult for a hydraulic hybrid loader to improve its fuel economy with traditional braking control strategy and classic optimization algorithm. To deal with this problem, a combined braking control strategy based on fuzzy control system was proposed. In this strategy, the current working step and working cycle were first recognized with sensor signals. And the optimal control rules for different working cycles were optimized by genetic algorithm off line. After doing that, the obtained control rules were used to control the braking process and the energy distribution process of loaders. Simulation and experimental results show that the control strategy can make full use of the braking energy and can improve the recovery rate of it under the guarantee of safety and stability.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Muyi Lin",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongjie Yu",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advances in Mechanical Engineering",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "oHLtImdO": {
        "id": "oHLtImdO",
        "title": "Capacity-difference Based Battery Equalization Method",
        "abstract": "For a battery management systems(BMS), it is a very important task to balance the cells within the battery pack. Without doing that, the lifetime and capacity of them will decrease quickly. Nowadays, many intelligent control strategies shuttle charges by comparing the voltages of cells. However, the terminal voltages of these cells can not accurately reflect the available capacity stored in them, especially in the noise environment. In this paper, we propose an capacitydifference based battery balancing method, in which the transference quantity of charges was looked on as the balancing criterion. Data stream mining (DSM) technique was used to calculate the balancing capacities. A complete shunting topology was used to test the performance of the proposed method. The simulation and experiment results have shown that, comparing with the traditional terminal voltage based balancing strategy, the battery pack with the proposed strategy can increase 3.5% running time.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Muyi Lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "ISqnyMxy": {
        "id": "ISqnyMxy",
        "title": "Least‐squares based coulomb counting method and its application for state‐of‐charge (SOC) estimation in electric vehicles",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science and Technology University Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science and Technology University Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Muyi Lin",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science and Technology University Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Beijing Information Science and Technology University Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Energy Research",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "wDDoOEOh": {
        "id": "wDDoOEOh",
        "title": "Improved Particle Swarm Optimization for Designing Tobacco Logistics Scheme",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "particle swarm optimization",
            "vehicle routing problem"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "li zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "f9yEw0cw": {
        "id": "f9yEw0cw",
        "title": "Acoustic Mode and Structure Mode Analysis of Heavy Duty Truck Muffler",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "guoquan wang",
                "org": "beijing information science technology university"
            },
            {
                "name": "cheng zhao",
                "org": "beijing information science technology university"
            },
            {
                "name": "liangcheng zhang",
                "org": "foton motor"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "beijing information science technology university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "My0Cb2aK": {
        "id": "My0Cb2aK",
        "title": "A Lossy Counting-Based State of Charge Estimation Method and Its Application to Electric Vehicles",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "coulombic efficiency"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hong zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energies",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "M1Xlokia": {
        "id": "M1Xlokia",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles from Activated Alkynes and N‐Propargylamines Through Base‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "organocatalysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jianquan weng",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "binjie yue",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "meng xu",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            },
            {
                "name": "hongwei jin",
                "org": "zhejiang university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "OdOSPcah": {
        "id": "OdOSPcah",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Taxamairin B.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "total synthesis",
            "terpenes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiao wang",
                "org": "lanzhou university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqing pan",
                "org": "lanzhou university"
            },
            {
                "name": "c j zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 1996
    },
    "zRtoTrA0": {
        "id": "zRtoTrA0",
        "title": "Synthesis and Herbicidal Activity of Novel N -Acyl-7-methoxybenzo[4,5]thiazolo- [2,3- c ][1,2,4]triazole-3(2 H )-thione",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jianquan weng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinghai liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lingli ruan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hailin wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "LIuWuU9o": {
        "id": "LIuWuU9o",
        "title": "Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles from Activated Alkynes and N -Propargylamines through Base-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction: Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jianquan weng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "binjie yue",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "meng xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongwei jin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "fe9Z0D9e": {
        "id": "fe9Z0D9e",
        "title": "Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles from Activated Alkynes and N‐Propargylamines through Base‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jianquan weng",
                "org": "zhejiang university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "zhejiang university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "binjie yue",
                "org": "zhejiang university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "meng xu",
                "org": "zhejiang university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "hongwei jin",
                "org": "zhejiang university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Organic Chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "J9JCGNqz": {
        "id": "J9JCGNqz",
        "title": "ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regio‐, Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective One‐Pot Gold/Chiral Broensted Acid‐Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of Bioactive Diversely Substituted Tetrahydroquinolines.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xinyuan liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yaping xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fungming siu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lichen ni",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lin wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chiming che",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cheminform",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "GSA9BTP3": {
        "id": "GSA9BTP3",
        "title": "Repression of Adipose Tissue Fibrosis through a PRDM16-GTF2IRD1 Complex Improves Systemic Glucose Homeostasis.",
        "abstract": "Adipose tissue fibrosis is a hallmark of malfunction that is linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes; however, what regulates this process remains unclear. Here we show that the PRDM16 transcriptional complex, a dominant activator of brown/beige adipocyte development, potently represses adipose tissue fibrosis in an uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-independent manner. By purifying the PRDM16 complex, we identified GTF2IRD1, a member of the TFII-I family of DNA-binding proteins, as a cold-inducible transcription factor that mediates the repressive action of the PRDM16 complex on fibrosis. Adipocyte-selective expression of GTF2IRD1 represses adipose tissue fibrosis and improves systemic glucose homeostasis independent of body-weight loss, while deleting GTF2IRD1 promotes fibrosis in a cell-autonomous manner. GTF2IRD1 represses the transcription of transforming growth factor β-dependent pro-fibrosis genes by recruiting PRDM16 and EHMT1 onto their promoter/enhancer regions. These results suggest a mechanism by which repression of obesity-associated adipose tissue fibrosis through the PRDM16 complex leads to an improvement in systemic glucose homeostasis.",
        "keywords": [
            "EHMT1",
            "GTF2IRD1",
            "PRDM16",
            "UCP1-independent",
            "adipose tissue fibrosis",
            "beige adipocyte",
            "brown adipose tissue",
            "diabetes",
            "insulin resistance",
            "obesity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yutaka Hasegawa",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Uchimaru, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenji Ikeda",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Diana L Alba",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel Stifler",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kosaku Shinoda",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Takashi Hosono",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pema Maretich",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yangyu Yang",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yasushi Ishigaki",
                "org": "Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Uchimaru, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingyi Chi",
                "org": "The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, New York, NY, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Paul Cohen",
                "org": "The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, New York, NY, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Suneil K Koliwad",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: suneil.koliwad2@ucsf.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shingo Kajimura",
                "org": "UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: shingo.kajimura@ucsf.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cell metabolism",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "aouZS0mV": {
        "id": "aouZS0mV",
        "title": "Abstract 2398: Tumor cell-adipocyte gap junctions activate lipolysis in breast cancer",
        "abstract": "During mammary tumorigenesis, a cell-cell interface exists between adipocytes and cancer cells. Several studies have demonstrated that breast tumor cells can secrete cytokines that induce lipolysis in adjacent adipocytes. However, evidence of tumor-adjacent lipolysis in clinical samples has been lacking. We therefore assayed for lipolysis in normal tissue adjacent to breast tumors (NAT) using (1) the three-component breast composition measure, a radiographic imaging method derived from dual-energy mammography that allows lipid content of a tissue to be quantified, on breast tumors and NAT from 46 patients, (2) a publically available dataset of gene expression in primary breast tumors and NAT from 9 patients, (3) laser capture microdissection and proteomics on primary breast tumors, stroma and NAT from 75 patients, and (4) immunoblot analysis of NAT from several patient-derived and transgenic mouse models of breast cancer. We found strong evidence in all cases that lipolysis is activated in breast cancer-adjacent adipose tissue. We next set out to model the breast cancer-adipocyte interface and determine the contribution of cell-cell contact to induced lipolysis. Gap junctions are cell-cell junctions formed by proteins called connexins, which are known to transport a variety of small molecules (   Citation Format:  Roman Camarda, Jeremy Williams, Serghei Malkov, Lisa J. Zimmerman, Suzanne Manning, Dvir Aran, Andrew Beardsley, Daniel Van de Mark, Jeffrey van Haren, Yong Chen, Charles Berdan, Sharon Louie, Celine Mahieu, Juliane Winkler, Elizabeth Willey, John D. Gagnon, Kosaku Shinoda, K. Mark Ansel, Zena Werb, Daniel C. Nomura, Shingo Kajimura, Torsten Wittmann, Atul J. Butte, Melinda E. Sanders, Daniel C. Liebler, Gregor Krings, John A. Shepherd, Andrei Goga. Tumor cell-adipocyte gap junctions activate lipolysis in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2398.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Roman Camarda",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jeremy Williams",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Serghei Malkov",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisa J. Zimmerman",
                "org": "Vanderbilt University, TN;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Suzanne Manning",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dvir Aran",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrew Beardsley",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel Van de Mark",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jeffrey van Haren",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Charles A. Berdan",
                "org": "University of California Berkeley, CA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sharon M. Louie",
                "org": "University of California Berkeley, CA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Celine Mahieu",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juliane Winkler",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Elizabeth Willey",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "John D. Gagnon",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kosaku Shinoda",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Mark Ansel",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zena Werb",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel C. Nomura",
                "org": "University of California Berkeley, CA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shingo Kajimura",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Torsten Wittmann",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Atul J. Butte",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Melinda E. Sanders",
                "org": "Vanderbilt University, TN;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel C. Liebler",
                "org": "Vanderbilt University, TN;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregor Krings",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "John A. Shepherd",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrei Goga",
                "org": "University of California San Francisco, CA;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "LtxGXdKA": {
        "id": "LtxGXdKA",
        "title": "Tumor cell-adipocyte gap junctions activate lipolysis and are essential for breast tumorigenesis",
        "abstract": "During tumorigenesis, a heterotypic interface exists between cancer and stromal cells that can both support and repress tumor growth. In the breast, studies have demonstrated a pro-tumorigenic role for adipocytes. However, the molecular mechanisms by which breast cancer cells coopt adipocytes remain elusive. Studying breast tumors and normal adjacent tissue (NAT) from several patient cohorts and mouse models, we show that lipolysis and lipolytic signaling are activated in NAT. We investigate the tumor-adipocyte interface and find that functional gap junctions form between breast cancer cells and adipocytes. As a result, cAMP, a critical lipolysis-inducing signaling molecule, is transferred from breast cancer cells to adipocytes and activates lipolysis in a gap junction-dependent manner; a fundamentally new mechanism of lipolysis activation in adipocytes. We find that gap junction formation depends upon connexin 31 (Cx31), and that Cx31 is essential for breast tumor growth and activation of lipolysis in vivo. Thus, direct tumor cell-adipocyte interaction is critical for tumorigenesis and may serve as a new therapeutic target in breast cancer.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Roman Camarda",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jeremy Williams",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Serghei Malkov",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lisa J. Zimmerman",
                "org": "Vanderbilt University;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Suzanne Manning",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dvir Aran",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrew Beardsley",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel Van de Mark",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Charles A. Berdan",
                "org": "University of California, Berkeley"
            },
            {
                "name": "Sharon M. Louie",
                "org": "University of California, Berkeley"
            },
            {
                "name": "Celine Mahieu",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juliane Winkler",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Elizabeth Willey",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "John D. Gagnon",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kosaku Shinoda",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Karl Mark Ansel",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zena Werb",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel K. Nomura",
                "org": "University of California, Berkeley"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shingo Kajimura",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Atul J. Butte",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Melinda E. Sanders",
                "org": "Vanderbilt University;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel C. Liebler",
                "org": "Vanderbilt University;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hope S. Rugo",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregor Krings",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "John A. Shepherd",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrei Goga",
                "org": "University of California, San Francisco;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "bioRxiv",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "BpnXufKK": {
        "id": "BpnXufKK",
        "title": "Mitophagy controls beige adipocyte maintenance through a Parkin-dependent and UCP1-independent mechanism.",
        "abstract": "Beige adipocytes are an inducible form of mitochondria-enriched thermogenic adipocytes that emerge in response to external stimuli, such as chronic cold exposure. We have previously shown that after the withdrawal of external stimuli, beige adipocytes directly acquire a white fat-like phenotype through autophagy-mediated mitochondrial degradation. We investigated the upstream pathway that mediates mitochondrial clearance and report that Parkin-mediated mitophagy plays a key role in the beige-to-white adipocyte transition. Mice genetically deficient in  showed reduced mitochondrial degradation and retained thermogenic beige adipocytes even after the withdrawal of external stimuli. Norepinephrine signaling through the PKA pathway inhibited the recruitment of Parkin protein to mitochondria in beige adipocytes. However, mitochondrial proton uncoupling by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) was dispensable for Parkin recruitment and beige adipocyte maintenance. These results suggest a physiological mechanism by which external cues control mitochondrial homeostasis in thermogenic fat cells through mitophagy.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaodan Lu",
                "org": "Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Svetlana Altshuler-Keylin",
                "org": "Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Wang",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carlos Henrique Sponton",
                "org": "Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13084-970, Brazil."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenji Ikeda",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pema Maretich",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Takeshi Yoneshiro",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shingo Kajimura",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science signaling",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Ezycp4HP": {
        "id": "Ezycp4HP",
        "title": "Thermal stress induces glycolytic beige fat formation via a myogenic state.",
        "abstract": "Environmental cues profoundly affect cellular plasticity in multicellular organisms. For instance, exercise promotes a glycolytic-to-oxidative fibre-type switch in skeletal muscle, and cold acclimation induces beige adipocyte biogenesis in adipose tissue. However, the molecular mechanisms by which physiological or pathological cues evoke developmental plasticity remain incompletely understood. Here we report a type of beige adipocyte that has a critical role in chronic cold adaptation in the absence of β-adrenergic receptor signalling. This beige fat is distinct from conventional beige fat with respect to developmental origin and regulation, and displays enhanced glucose oxidation. We therefore refer to it as glycolytic beige fat. Mechanistically, we identify GA-binding protein α as a regulator of glycolytic beige adipocyte differentiation through a myogenic intermediate. Our study reveals a non-canonical adaptive mechanism by which thermal stress induces progenitor cell plasticity and recruits a distinct form of thermogenic cell that is required for energy homeostasis and survival.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kenji Ikeda",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Takeshi Yoneshiro",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Annarita Scaramozza",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kazuki Tajima",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiang Wang",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kyeongkyu Kim",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kosaku Shinoda",
                "org": "Department of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Carlos Henrique Sponton",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zachary Brown",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrew Brack",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shingo Kajimura",
                "org": "Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. shingo.kajimura@ucsf.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nature",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "zz5a5feE": {
        "id": "zz5a5feE",
        "title": "Mitochondrial Activity in Human White Adipocytes Is Regulated by the Ubiquitin Carrier Protein 9/microRNA-30a Axis.",
        "abstract": "The acquisition of beige adipocyte features by white fat cells corresponds to protection against obesity-induced metabolic diseases in humans and animal models of type 2 diabetes. In adipose tissue, expression of the E2 small ubiquitin-like modifier ligase ubiquitin carrier protein 9 (Ubc9) is positively correlated with markers of insulin resistance and corresponds with impaired browning of human white adipocytes. However, the molecular regulation of Ubc9 expression in adipocytes and other cells remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the mRNA and protein expression of Ubc9 are regulated by the microRNA miRNA-30a (miR-30a) in human subcutaneous adipocytes. Ubc9 and miR-30a exhibit inverse expression in adipose tissue, with miR-30a robustly elevated in brown fat. Depletion of Ubc9 by siRNA or enforced expression of a miR-30a mimic augments mitochondrial volume and respiration in human white adipocytes, reflecting features of brown fat cells. Furthermore, Ubc9 depletion induces a brown fat gene program in human subcutaneous adipocytes. Induction of the beige-selective gene program corresponds to stabilization of the PR domain-containing 16 (PRDM16) protein, an obligate transcriptional regulator of the brown/beige fat metabolic program in white adipocytes that interacts with Ubc9. Taken together, our data demonstrate a previously unappreciated molecular axis that controls browning of human white adipocytes.",
        "keywords": [
            "adipose tissue metabolism",
            "bioenergetics",
            "gene transcription",
            "microRNA (miRNA)",
            "mitochondria",
            "posttranscriptional regulation",
            "respiration",
            "tissue-specific transcription factor",
            "transcription coregulator",
            "transcription target gene"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Eun Hee Koh",
                "org": "the Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "the Diabetes Center and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, and."
            },
            {
                "name": "David A Bader",
                "org": "From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark P Hamilton",
                "org": "From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin He",
                "org": "Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030."
            },
            {
                "name": "Brian York",
                "org": "From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shingo Kajimura",
                "org": "the Diabetes Center and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, and."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sean E McGuire",
                "org": "the Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sean M Hartig",
                "org": "From the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology and hartig@bcm.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of biological chemistry",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "leXnFKIZ": {
        "id": "leXnFKIZ",
        "title": "Differentiation of bone marrow-derived cells toward thermogenic adipocytes in white adipose tissue induced by the β3 adrenergic stimulation.",
        "abstract": "Bone marrow provides progenitors of several types of cells, including muscle and white adipocytes, ensuring peripheral tissue homeostasis. However, the role of bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) in induction of thermogenic adipocytes is unresolved. The purpose of this study is to examine whether BMCs are involved in the emergence of thermogenic adipocytes through adrenergic activation. Irradiation of mice with 8 Gy of X-ray-depleted BMCs and peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMCs), which in turn impaired induction of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) through administration of β3 adrenergic receptor agonist, CL 316,243 (CL), in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). In contrast, CL-induced UCP1 induction in brown adipose tissue was unaffected by BMC depletion. Transplantation of normal BMCs into mice depleted of BMCs recovered PBMC levels and rescued the ability of iWAT browning by CL. Furthermore, analyses of mice transplanted with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled BMCs revealed that the number of GFP-positive BMCs and PBMCs were significantly decreased by CL and that GFP-positive stromal cells and GFP-positive UCP1-expressing multilocular adipocytes appeared in iWAT after CL administration, demonstrating differentiation of BMC-derived preadipocytes into UCP1-expressing thermogenic adipocytes. These results unveiled a crucial role of the BMC as a nonresident origin for a subset of thermogenic adipocytes, contributing to browning of white adipose tissue.-Yoneshiro, T., Shin, W., Machida, K., Fukano, K., Tsubota, A., Chen, Y., Yasui, H., Inanami, O., Okamatsu-Ogura, Y., Kimura, K. Differentiation of bone marrow-derived cells toward thermogenic adipocytes in white adipose tissue induced by the β3 adrenergic stimulation.",
        "keywords": [
            "beige adipocytes",
            "bone marrow cells",
            "brown adipocytes",
            "β3 adrenergic receptor"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Takeshi Yoneshiro",
                "org": "Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Woongchul Shin",
                "org": "Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ken Machida",
                "org": "Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Keigo Fukano",
                "org": "Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ayumi Tsubota",
                "org": "Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hironobu Yasui",
                "org": "Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Osamu Inanami",
                "org": "Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura",
                "org": "Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kazuhiro Kimura",
                "org": "Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "fKSj78Eu": {
        "id": "fKSj78Eu",
        "title": "Recovery Pb, Zn and S from a Chinese Lead-Zinc Mine Beneficiation Plant Tailing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "tailings"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong sheng song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gui ying zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wen juan li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "Ao9kpysS": {
        "id": "Ao9kpysS",
        "title": "Process Mineralogy Study of a Refractory Mixed Copper Ore",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shuang liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liu lu cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong sheng song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian kang wen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gui ying zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "kv2pZ3It": {
        "id": "kv2pZ3It",
        "title": "Study on Flotation Separation of Muscovite and Kaolinite",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "adsorption"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chao chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong sheng song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wen juan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei qu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liu lu cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "fA7mzQ6m": {
        "id": "fA7mzQ6m",
        "title": "Study on Recovery of Lead-Zinc Tailing Ore by Electrochemical Flotation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "recovery"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "gui ying zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wen juan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong sheng song",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "rOtI5P6D": {
        "id": "rOtI5P6D",
        "title": "The structures and luminescence properties of lanthanide (Ln=Sm, Eu and Tb) metal–organic coordination polymers based on 5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)isophthalate ligand",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "lanthanide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "peng wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yujie zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie qin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ying zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Molecular Structure",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "M5eEK5Rm": {
        "id": "M5eEK5Rm",
        "title": "Image Quality Modeling in Forward-Looking Infrared Building Detection",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "linlin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiyin sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "peng wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal on Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "7zi1MiFG": {
        "id": "7zi1MiFG",
        "title": "ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION OF A MESOPOROUS TIO(2)MEMBRANE FOR REMOVING ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES FROM WATER",
        "abstract": "Organophosphate pesticides pose a serious threat to aqueous environments. Herein, a mesoporous TiO2 membrane (MTM) catalyst was examined for the removal of organophosphate pesticides dichlorvos, acephate, and chlorpyrifos from aqueous systems under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation rates of the pesticides in the absence of catalyst decreased in the following order: diclalorvosu003eacephateu003echlorpyrifosregardless of the UV irradiation intensity. At a UV irradiation intensity of 1000 W, the photocatalytic reaction velocity coefficients of dichlorvos, acephate, and chlorpyrifos over MTM catalyst were 0.0365, 0.0133 and 0.0076 min(-1), respectively. The photocatalytic degradation rates of MTM were higher than those of a mesoporous SiO2 membrane. The initial filtration removal rates of the pesticides by MTM were 42-65%. The filtration removal rate rapidly increased with increasing UV irradiation times, suggesting that the photocatalyticperformance of the MTM catalyst is appropriate for water treatment. The change in the absorbance at 254 nm indicated that UV irradiation of MTM alleviated membrane fouling. These findings show that MTM has good potential for treatment of aqueous organophosphorus pesticides.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peng Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dongsu Bi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fresenius Environmental Bulletin",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "yqLe1drt": {
        "id": "yqLe1drt",
        "title": "Performance Influence of Blurriness on Automatic Target Building Detection in Forward-looking Infrared Images",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "linlin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiyin sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "peng wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "1bUvJEAN": {
        "id": "1bUvJEAN",
        "title": "A Local Fuzzy Thresholding based Metric for FLIR Image Quality Assessment",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "peng wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiyin sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "linlin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Convergence Information Technology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "IkbkoIbD": {
        "id": "IkbkoIbD",
        "title": "Preparation of AZO/acrylic Resin Transparent Insulation Coating",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "heat insulation",
            "acrylic resin",
            "transparency"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mu dan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ling li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "hZu1nSYE": {
        "id": "hZu1nSYE",
        "title": "Synthesis and Characterization of Fibular PANI/Nano-CeO2 Composites",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanocomposite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xing wei shi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "x y liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guo jun gou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "Sw7skpN3": {
        "id": "Sw7skpN3",
        "title": "Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic polyaniline structures and their anticorrosive properties",
        "abstract": "We report a simple approach for the preparation of superhydrophobic polyaniline (PANI) and its application for the corrosion protection coatings. First, PANI was synthesized conventionally by oxidative polymerization with APS. Subsequently, PANI with different wettability was obtained by modification with different surfactants. The surface modification of PANI with three different surfactants (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, polyethylene glycol, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) provided excellent surface superhydrophobicity (water contact angle u003e150°). The structure and morphology of as-prepared PANI were characterized with Fourier transform infrared, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy. Corrosion protection performance of PANI with different wettability was evaluated in 3.5% NaCl electrolyte using Tafel polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicated that various superhydrophobic PANI coatings have better anticorrosion performance as compared to the hydrophilic PANI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44248.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiayue Liu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Tang",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeting Zhao",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Polymer Science",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "aYnVKxmq": {
        "id": "aYnVKxmq",
        "title": "Electrodeposition of polypyrrole/functionalized-multiwalled carbon nanotubes composite and its application in supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In this study, we fabricate polypyrrole(PPy)/functionalized-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (FM) composites (PPy/FM) by cyclic voltammetry onto the stainless steel mesh (MS) which is modified by FM before use. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results show that MS-PPy/FM composites form core (MWCNTs)-shell (PPy) structures via hydrogen bond. The electrochemical performances were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS). Electrochemical tests demonstrate that, at the current density of 5 mA cm −1 , MS-PPy/FM composites show a larger specific capacitance of 1269 F g −1  when the addition amount of FM is 0.8%, and the capacitance retention of MS-PPy/FM is 88.1% after 1000 cycles. All the electrochemical properties of the composites are better than those of PPy.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juanjuan Li",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Tan",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Li",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xia Zhang",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "fSsuf9Fy": {
        "id": "fSsuf9Fy",
        "title": "ZVI/PANI/ATP composite by static polymerization as adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hailin lu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junlong zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia zhuang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "0jnZUb7c": {
        "id": "0jnZUb7c",
        "title": "Facile synthesis of polyaniline/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites with enhanced electrochemical properties for supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "Polyaniline/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites (PANI/NiCo2O4) with different amounts of NiCo2O4 (5, 8, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were prepared via in situ chemical oxidation polymerization in the presence of the NiCo2O4 particles, while the NiCo2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified sol–gel method. The structure and morphology of PANI/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. The electrochemical properties of PANI/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge test, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 electrolyte in three-electrode system. The PANI/10 wt% NiCo2O4 nanocomposites show larger specific capacitance of 439.4 F g−1 at a current density of 5 mA cm−2 and lower resistance compared with the pure PANI. The charge–discharge tests showed that the PANI/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites possessed good cycling stability. It maintained about 66.11 % of the initial capacitance after 1000 cycles at a current density of 5 mA cm−2. The results indicated that the PANI/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites are a promising material for supercapacitors.",
        "keywords": [
            "PANI/NiCo2O4",
            " Nanocomposites",
            " Supercapacitor",
            " Specific capacitance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia wu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junlong zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "baoqian zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ionics",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Emc32IMg": {
        "id": "Emc32IMg",
        "title": "Controllable Fabrication of δ-MnO 2 Microspheres and α-MnO 2 Nanorods",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jian bao li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yan ping ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jing chun tu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu zhen hong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ling li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "kYNRHbDS": {
        "id": "kYNRHbDS",
        "title": "Effects of transition metal ions on the electrochemical performance of polypyrrole electrode",
        "abstract": "Three transition metal ions (Ni2+, Fe2+ and Cu2+)were chosen as dopants to fabricate PPy/M2+ (M:Ni2+, Fe2+ and Cu2+) electrodes by cyclic voltammetry on the stainless steel wire mesh. Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques were employed to characterize the structure and morphology of PPy/M2+. The results prove that there are some changes in microstructure and valence of transition metal ions. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests in 1.0 mol L−1 HNO3 electrolyte in three-electrode system exhibit that the larger specific capacitance of PPy/M2+ electrodes are 517, 679 and 764 F g−1 at a current density of 5 mA cm−2 and the capacitance’ retention is 80.5, 82.7 and 83.8% after 1000 cycles. Besides, it was found that the different electrochemical properties of PPy/M2+ electrodes related to different ionic nature, such as ionic potential and ionic radius.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juanjuan Li",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xia Zhang",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "3cCmxEP3": {
        "id": "3cCmxEP3",
        "title": "Long-term fertilization effects on carbon and nitrogen in particle-size fractions of a Chinese Mollisol",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jun ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "p zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiwen bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huaqing xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xia zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "heyong he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong yan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liufang wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Canadian Journal of Soil Science",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "RfhDfdQo": {
        "id": "RfhDfdQo",
        "title": "Synthesis and catalytic performance of Co3O4 particles with octahedral crystal shape",
        "abstract": "With sodium hexametaphosphate ((NaPO3)6) as the inorganic structure-directing agent, the precursor of Co3O4 was obtained by the method of simple liquid precipitation. Then Co3O4 μm particles with octahedral crystal shape were gotten by calcinating the precursor. The physicochemical features of the octahedral Co3O4 particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transmission infrared spectra (FT–IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalytic activity of the Co3O4 particles for the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was examined. The results showed that the obtained Co3O4 were mainly octahedral structure with different size. The prepared product has a good catalytic performance in thermal decomposition of AP. The results showed that addition of 10 wt% Co3O4 particles decreased the decomposition temperature by 51 °C and increased the heat of decomposition from 605 to 887 J/g.",
        "keywords": [
            "Particles",
            " Cobalt oxide",
            " Structure-directing agent",
            " Catalytic activity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia wu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "wenjia jing",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "baoqian zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ionics",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "xpOSyYSJ": {
        "id": "xpOSyYSJ",
        "title": "Two composites based on CoMoO4 nanorods and PPy nanoparticles: Fabrication, structure and electrochemical properties",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In this work, we fabricate two composites based on CoMoO 4  nanorods and PPy nanoparticles. The results of Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) prove that two composites structure are very different, and the major component of composites play an apparently decisive role in affecting the structure of composites. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are applied to characterize the electrochemical performance of the composites. The specific capacitance of CoMoO 4 /PPy is 232 F g −1  in 0.5 M Na 2 SO 4  solution and that of PPy/CoMoO 4  is 230 F g −1  in 1 M KOH solution, considerably higher than their constituents. In contrast to PPy (13%) and CoMoO 4  (67%), the capacitance retention of CoMoO 4 /PPy and PPy/CoMoO 4  are 20.7% and 74.6% after 1000 cycles at the current density of 2 A g −1 . The results infer that for two composites, there is a synergistic effect between PPy and CoMoO 4 , and, to some extent, the electrochemical performance of composites is determined by the major component.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guiying Kang",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Long Kang",
                "org": "Colloge of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Synthetic Metals",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "yWigFxCq": {
        "id": "yWigFxCq",
        "title": "Hemicellulose Extraction from Coconut Shell",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ling li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Q3aILPco": {
        "id": "Q3aILPco",
        "title": "Enhanced adsorption of Ni(II) using ATP/PPy/SDS composite",
        "abstract": "In this work, sodium dodecyl sulfate was applied to modify ATP/PPy composite to form ATP/PPy/SDS composite due to its large size. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that the composite has a “core–shell–shell” structure. The aim of this research is to evaluate the sorption characteristic of ATP/PPy/SDS for removing Ni(II) from aqueous solution. The preparation conditions were optimized by orthogonal array experiments, and external factors were investigated. Isotherm data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity reached 186.22 mg g−1. The adsorption kinetics was best described by a pseudo-second-order rate model, indicating that chemical sorption might be the limiting-rate step. Desorption was performed using a 0.5 M NaOH solution, and the adsorbent still maintained a high adsorption capacity even for 5 cycles of desorption-adsorption. Furthermore, Ni(II) is easily extracted by ATP/PPy/SDS composite in contrast to Cr(VI).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiyu Wang",
                "org": "College of Perochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Long Kang",
                "org": "College of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhu 730050,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling-Bin Kong",
                "org": "College of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhu 730050,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "xJmNfWDk": {
        "id": "xJmNfWDk",
        "title": "Fabrication of polyaniline doped with Zr4+ for supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "The electrodes of conducting polymers polyaniline (PANI) and polyaniline doped with zirconium ions (PANI/Zr4+) were synthesized by interfacial polymerization strategy. The structures and morphologies of PANI and PANI/Zr4+ nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The electrochemical properties of PANI and PANI/Zr4+ electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge test, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte in three-electrode system. The effect of doping concentrations of zirconium ions (Zr4+) varied from 0.04 to 0.20 M on the specific capacitance of PANI were studied. In comparison with PANI electrode, the PANI/Zr4+ electrode indicated higher capacitance value (416 F g−1), lower resistance and better stability when the concentration of Zr4+ is 0.08 M, which demonstrated its potential superiority for supercapacitors.",
        "keywords": [
            "PANI",
            " Specific Capacitance",
            " Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy",
            " Cyclic Voltammetry Curve",
            " Galvanostatic Charge"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinjuan Pu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunlei Li",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Ngy6lvUp": {
        "id": "Ngy6lvUp",
        "title": "Preparation and performance of Co3O4–NiO composite electrode material for supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia zhuang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia wu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junlong zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "yAbwbWbs": {
        "id": "yAbwbWbs",
        "title": "Electrochemical polymerization of polyaniline doped with Cu2+ as the electrode material for electrochemical supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junlong zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "hailin lu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia zhuang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "GhgJUWuP": {
        "id": "GhgJUWuP",
        "title": "PREPARATION OF NANOSTRUCTURE MnO 2 SINGLE CRYSTAL IN VARIOUS ACID SOLUTION: PREPARATION OF NANOSTRUCTURE MnO 2 SINGLE CRYSTAL IN VARIOUS ACID SOLUTION",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuzhen hong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m a yanping",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "l i jianbao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Metallurgica Sinica",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "fYPHmacI": {
        "id": "fYPHmacI",
        "title": "Chemical Synthesis of De–Doped Polyaniline for High Performance Aqueous Supercapacitive Material",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun–Xia Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Fan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of The Electrochemical Society",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "xPOmtPvQ": {
        "id": "xPOmtPvQ",
        "title": "Synthesis of three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene/polyaniline hydrogels for high performance supercapacitor applications",
        "abstract": "Three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene/polyaniline hydrogels (RGNP) was synthesized by facile hydrothermal method with graphene oxide (GO) and polyaniline nanorods (PANI-NRs), and urea as the reducing agent and nitrogen source. The structures and morphologies of the composites were characterized by various techniques, and electrochemical properties were also investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated nitrogen atom was doped into graphene and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated PANI-NRs fully inset into the three-dimensional graphene layers. The RGNP composite electrode exhibited the significantly improved electrochemical performances compared to the undoped equivalents or the separate components. The specific capacitance is up to 589.3 Fg−1 at current density of 3 mA cm−2 in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte, which also displays superior pseudocapacitive cycling stability (retention of 80.5% after 500 cycles). In addition, good capacitance retention rate (80.2% at 30 mA cm−2) has been achieved. These results indicate that the RGNP composite electrode can be applied for high performance supercapacitor.",
        "keywords": [
            "Graphene Oxide",
            " PANI",
            " Specific Capacitance",
            " Graphene Sheet",
            " Cyclic Voltammetry Curve"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Liu",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunlei Li",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Tang",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Li",
                "org": "Lanzhou University of Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Mp9x1ewS": {
        "id": "Mp9x1ewS",
        "title": "Removal of Cr(VI) from water using polypyrrole/attapulgite core–shell nanocomposites: equilibrium, thermodynamics and kinetics",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "shiyu wang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "long kang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "ONOz3CEr": {
        "id": "ONOz3CEr",
        "title": "Synthesis, structure, and luminescence of a coordination polymer from fumaropimaric acid and a water cluster",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "fluorescence"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xia zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ping yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "x zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xu xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haijun xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liting du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shilong yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuanyuan xu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Coordination Chemistry",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "WVIthHHL": {
        "id": "WVIthHHL",
        "title": "Synthesis of polyaniline-modified MnO 2 composite nanorods and their photocatalytic application",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanocomposites",
            "photocatalyst",
            "oxidation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junlong zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hailin lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "junling li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials Letters",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "lguFqHMs": {
        "id": "lguFqHMs",
        "title": "Electrochemical polymerization of polyaniline doped with Zn2+ as the electrode material for electrochemical supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "Polyaniline doped with Zn2+ (PANI/Zn2+) films was synthesized by cyclic voltammetric method on stainless steel mesh substrates in 0.2 mol L−1 aniline and 0.5 mol L−1 sulfuric acid electrolyte with various concentrations of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4·7H2O). The structure and morphology of PANI and PANI/Zn2+ films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The electrochemical properties of PANI and PANI/Zn2+ films were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge test, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 electrolyte in a three-electrode system. The results show that the surface morphology of PANI/Zn2+ is more rough than that of pure PANI. The specific capacitance of the PANI/Zn2+ film displays a larger specific capacitance of 738 F g−1, lower resistance, and better stability as compared with the pure PANI film. Thus, good capacitive performance demonstrates its potential superiority for supercapacitors.",
        "keywords": [
            "Polyaniline",
            " Zinc ions",
            " Electro-polymerization",
            " Supercapacitor",
            " Specific capacitance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junlong zhang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "hailin lu",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "junxia zhuang",
                "org": "lanzhou university of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "reETFi3M": {
        "id": "reETFi3M",
        "title": "The fabrication of asymmetry supercapacitor based on MWCNTs/MnO2/PPy composites",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xia Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "7oWHTuHP": {
        "id": "7oWHTuHP",
        "title": "Study on the Removal of Copper Ions from Water Using Eco-Friendly Attapulgite/Chitosan Composites",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "composite"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jin bao sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chang long zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "Uyqdyvrf": {
        "id": "Uyqdyvrf",
        "title": "Efficient removal of Acid Red 18 from aqueous solution by in-situ polymerization of polypyrrole-chitosan composites",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenchao Long",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Xu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Molecular Liquids",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "8TemaVjY": {
        "id": "8TemaVjY",
        "title": "DOA estimation for long-distance underwater acoustic sources based on signal self-nulling",
        "abstract": "The direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for the long-distance underwater acoustic sources usually suffers from low levels of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and insufficient snapshot data. Therefore, a novel signal self-nulling based DOA estimation algorithm is proposed. First, assume that the angular sector, where the desired signal is located, is known. Then, the beampattern of the minimum variance distortionless response beamformer in this angular sector is circularly mapped onto a unit circle. Finally, the pseudo spatial spectrum is constructed by integrating the circular mapping beampattern over the whole circle. Computer simulations show that the proposed DOA estimation algorithm can produce a sharper spectrum peak around the true DOA and therefore, achieve better DOA estimation precision with low levels of SNRs and small snapshot numbers. The underwater experiment also demonstrates the superiority of the proposed DOA estimation algorithm over other existing methods for the long-distance underwater acoustic sources.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Wang",
                "org": "College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China, 330022"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee advanced information technology electronic and automation control conference",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "y8rbgYOX": {
        "id": "y8rbgYOX",
        "title": "Robust wideband beamforming based on response variation constraint",
        "abstract": "Based on the tapped delay-lines (TDL) wideband model, the response variation (RV) constraint is applied to improve the frequency response consistency of the wideband beamforming. The optimization criterion of the proposed algorithm is minimizing the designed sidelobe level utmost and the constraints of the sidelobe level, interference suppression and the response variation while making the direction response of the desired signal approaches the unity response. In addition, the proposed algorithm does not require pre-steering delay compensation, and can be solved effectively with the interior-point method. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain corking constant beamwidth performance, suppress the interference, and increase the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liwen Zhang",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee advanced information technology electronic and automation control conference",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "0eyo8Tnh": {
        "id": "0eyo8Tnh",
        "title": "On the Interaction of Resonance And Bragg Scattering Effects for the Locally Resonant Phononic Crystal with Alternating Elastic and Fluid Matrices",
        "abstract": "Three-dimensional (3D) locally resonant phononic crystals (LRPCs) are studied with the aim of optimising the sub-wavelength band gaps of such composites. By analysing their effective acoustic properties, it has been found that the effective acoustic speed of the composite will drop to zero when local resonance arise, and will increase monotonically when Bragg scattering effects occur. Moreover, if the matrix is a low-shear-speed medium, local resonators can significantly reduce the effective acoustic speed of the composite and, therefore, lower the frequency where Bragg scattering effects occur. Hence, a specific LRPC with alternating elastic and fluid matrices is proposed, whose resonance and Bragg gaps are already close in frequency. The fluid matrix behaves as a wave filter, which prevents the shear waves from propagating in the composite. By using the layer-multiple-scattering theory, the coupling behaviour of local resonance and Bragg scattering band gaps has been investigated. Both gaps are enhanced when they move closer to each other. Finally, a gap-coupled case is obtained that displays a broad sub-wavelength band gap. Such proposal excels at the application of underwater acoustic materials since the arrangement of structure can be handily adjusted for tuning the frequency of coupled gap.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bo Yuan",
                "org": "Army Logistics University of PLA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Jiang",
                "org": "Army Logistics University of PLA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuai Tang",
                "org": "Army Logistics University of PLA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Miao He",
                "org": "Army Logistics University of PLA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Minglin Tu",
                "org": "Army Logistics University of PLA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Archives of Acoustics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "FmIQeCv0": {
        "id": "FmIQeCv0",
        "title": "Study of thermoviscous dissipation on axisymmetric wave propagating in a shear pipeline flow confined by rigid wall. Part II. Numerical study",
        "abstract": "Axisymmetric acoustic wave propagating in a shear pipeline flow confined by a rigid wall is studied in the two-part paper. The effects of viscous friction and thermal conduction on the acoustic wave propagating in the liquid and perfect gas are respectively analyzed under different configurations of acoustic frequency and shear mean flow. In Part 2 of this paper, comprehensive analysis of the effects of shear mean flow and acoustic frequency on the features (relative phase velocity and attenuation coefficient) of the acoustic wave are numerically addressed in cases of water and perfect gas respectively. Comparisons between the non-isentropic and isentropic models are provided in details. Meanwhile, discussions of the thermoviscous effects on the acoustic wave between water and perfect gas are given.",
        "keywords": [
            "thermoviscous dissipation",
            " duct acoustics",
            " shear flow",
            " relative phase velocity",
            " attenuation coefficient"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqian Chen",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyong Huang",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuzhu Bai",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dengpeng Hu",
                "org": "Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaoming Fei",
                "org": "Electronic Experiment Center, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acoustical Physics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "leV9U7nf": {
        "id": "leV9U7nf",
        "title": "Convex optimization based robust adaptive beamforming for underwater sensor array",
        "abstract": "The existing adaptive beamforming techniques developed for underwater sensor array usually suffer from significant performance degradation due to the mismatch between the presumed and actual steering vectors. In this paper, a novel convex optimization based robust adaptive beamforming algorithm is proposed. First, the steering vector corresponding to the desired signal is estimated by solving a convex optimization problem constructed by the noise subspace and an introduced angular subspace. Second, another convex optimization problem based on spatial spectrum matching is solved to reconstruct the interference-plus-noise covariance matrix. Finally, the weight vector of robust adaptive beamforming is obtained using the minimum variance distortionless response method. Simulation and experiment results show that the proposed convex optimization based robust adaptive beamforming algorithm is robust against the steering vector mismatch and can achieve better performance than other existing RAB algorithms for the underwater sensor array.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Wang",
                "org": "College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China, 330000"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international conference on signal processing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Ptzx19DI": {
        "id": "Ptzx19DI",
        "title": "Robust adaptive beamforming based on matched spectrum processing with little prior information",
        "abstract": "Robust adaptive beamforming (RAB) has became a popular research topic, with various RAB techniques being proposed in the past decades. However, because the sample covariance matrix rather than the interference-plus-noise co-variance matrix is used to calculate the weight vector, the performance of the previously developed RAB techniques is not optimal. In this paper, a novel RAB algorithm, which uses the reconstructed interference-plus-noise covariance matrix, is developed. First, the interference-plus-noise covariance matrix and the desired signal covariance matrix are reconstructed by matched spectrum processing. Then, the weight vector of RAB is directly obtained using the general-rank minimum variance distortionless response method. A significant advantage of the proposed RAB is that only little prior information is required. The imprecise knowledge of the antenna array geometry and the angular sectors (in which the desired signal and interferences are located) is sufficient for the proposed RAB algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other previously developed RAB techniques.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Wang",
                "org": "College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China, 330000"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international conference on signal processing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "0dEk8Yz9": {
        "id": "0dEk8Yz9",
        "title": "Sparse and low-rank decomposition of covariance matrix for efficient DOA estimation",
        "abstract": "In order to enhance the performance of the existing beamformer-based direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation methods, a novel DOA estimation method based on the sparse and low-rank decomposition of the sample covariance matrix is proposed. First, the sample covariance matrix is divided into the covariance matrix of the desired signal and interference as well as that of noise. The first component is shown to have the property of low-rank and meanwhile, the second component can be approximately regarded as a sparse matrix. Second, a convex optimization problem to decompose the sample covariance matrix is constructed, which can be efficiently solved using the interior point method or the augmented Lagrange multiplier method. Finally, the reconstructed covariance matrix of the desired signal and interference is suitably diagonal loaded and then used to replace the sample covariance matrix in the minimum variance distortionless response method. Several computer simulations demonstrate that the proposed sparse and low-rank decomposition based DOA estimation method can achieve higher direction resolution and lower direction estimation error than other beamformer-based DOA estimation methods.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Wang",
                "org": "College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China, 330022"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China, 410073"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee international conference on communication software and networks",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "dpGsKOau": {
        "id": "dpGsKOau",
        "title": "Wave propagation in compressible swirling flows confined by non-uniform ducts",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lorna J. Ayton",
                "org": "Cambridge University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zijing Ding",
                "org": "Cambridge University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "aiaa/ceas aeroacoustics conference",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "c54T23lF": {
        "id": "c54T23lF",
        "title": "Optimal Time Assignment Policy for Maximizing Throughput in Cognitive Sensor Network with Energy Harvesting.",
        "abstract": "A cognitive sensor network with energy harvesting (EH-CSN) is a promising paradigm to address the issues both in spectrum efficiency and in energy efficiency. The cognitive sensors (CSs) equipped with energy harvesting devices are assumed to operate in a harvesting-sensing-transmission mode and permitted to access the idle licensed frequency bands without causing any harmful jamming to the primary user. By identifying the time fractions of harvesting, sensing, and transmission, we can discuss some design considerations for the EH-CSN. In the meantime, considering the possibility that the primary user may reoccupy the idle channel during the CS's data transmission duration, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the average throughput of EH-CSN under a collision constraint and an energy constraint. After deriving the lower and upper bounds of the time fraction for energy harvesting, the uniqueness and existence of the optimal time fraction set have been proved. Finally, our theoretical analysis is also verified through numerical simulations.",
        "keywords": [
            "cognitive sensor network",
            "energy harvesting",
            "spectrum sensing",
            "time assignment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hao Wu",
                "org": "The 63rd Institute, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 210007, China. whao1983@126.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "The 63rd Institute, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 210007, China. chy63s@126.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sensors",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "cFYAjORZ": {
        "id": "cFYAjORZ",
        "title": "Study of thermoviscous dissipation on axisymmetric wave propagating in a shear pipeline flow confined by rigid wall. Part I. theoretical formulation",
        "abstract": "Axisymmetric acoustic wave propagation in a shear pipeline flow confined by a rigid wall is studied in the two-part paper. The effects of viscous friction and thermal conduction on the acoustic wave propagating in the liquid and perfect gas are respectively analyzed under different configurations of acoustic frequency and shear flow profile. In Part 1 of this paper, mathematical models of non-isentropic and isentropic acoustic waves are formulated based on the conservation of mass, momentum and energy for both liquid and perfect gas. Meanwhile, comprehensive solutions based on the Fourier-Bessel theory are provided, which gives a general methodology of iteratively calculating features of the acoustic wave. Numerical comparisons with previous simplified models verify the validity of the proposed models and solutions.",
        "keywords": [
            "thermoviscous dissipation",
            " duct acoustics",
            " shear flow",
            " Fourier–Bessel theory"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqian Chen",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyong Huang",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuzhu Bai",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dengpeng Hu",
                "org": "Air Force Early Warning Academy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaoming Fei",
                "org": "Chengdu University of Information Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acoustical Physics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "rO82kigK": {
        "id": "rO82kigK",
        "title": "Redundancy-Removed MUSIC-like Algorithm Based on Single Vector Hydrophone",
        "abstract": "To reduce the operation time of the MUSIC-like algorithm on a single vector hydrophone, a redundancy-removed MUSIC-like algorithm was proposed. For the extended steering vector, this algorithm removes the repetitive elements directly. For the fourth-order cumulant matrix, the algorithm removes the redundancy using the conjugate symmetry. Simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm lose a little performance compared with the regular MUSIC-like algorithm. However, the computational cost of the proposed algorithm is reduced greatly.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Ao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "DEStech Transactions on Engineering and Technology Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "N339w6NY": {
        "id": "N339w6NY",
        "title": "Research on multi-target bearings-only tracking method based on passive sonar systems",
        "abstract": "This paper proposes a real-time multi-target tracking method for passive sonar systems based on bearing time record (BTR). Extremum detection and logical data association algorithm are employed in the method to detect and process the beginnings, tails, crossings and missing sections of tracks. As generated data is adopted in other works, data form field scenario is processed in this paper to evaluate practical qualification. As experimental results shown, this method have a well performance in practical environment.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhengda Xiong",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee advanced information technology electronic and automation control conference",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Qj63pWLV": {
        "id": "Qj63pWLV",
        "title": "Local frechet distance in specific emitter identification",
        "abstract": "Specific Emitter Identification (SEI) is one of most difficult tasks in modern electronic warfare. The principle function of the SEI is utilizing fingerprint features to identify different emitters of the same type by a precise measurement, which plays an important role in the recognition process. Under the premise that the time-domain waveforms such as the instantaneous amplitude and frequency are specified as the fingerprint features, the frechet distance can achieve preferable identification accuracy, compared to the Hausdorff and Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance. Unfortunately, due to the disadvantage of its high time complexity, the frechet distance is unable to satisfy the requirement of real-time data processing in practical application, especially in the military field. Combining waveform structures of these fingerprint features, a local frechet distance is proposed in the paper. The new algorithm can provide a lower time complexity and hardly impact the identification accuracy.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peibo Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Hunan, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee international conference on communication software and networks",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "hWkLDcR7": {
        "id": "hWkLDcR7",
        "title": "A modified uni-vector-hydrophone ESPRIT algorithm for multisource joint DOA-frequency estimation",
        "abstract": "This paper introduces a modified estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm for multisource joint direction of arrival (DOA) and frequency estimation using a single vector hydrophone. Based on TLS-ESPRIT, the proposed algorithm may jointly estimate the two-dimensional DOAs and frequencies up to four uncorrelated narrow-band sources under most circumstances, and can pairs all of the parameters automatically. Compared with the previous ESPRIT-based algorithms, the proposed algorithm adopts modified formulas for computing the directional cosines, making it possible to estimate the omnidirectional azimuths and elevations. Monte Carlo simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm performances better than other methods.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Ao",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee international conference computer and communications",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "dPTfDyOv": {
        "id": "dPTfDyOv",
        "title": "A Sliding Approach of 2-D DOA Estimation for Single Vector Hydrophone",
        "abstract": "The article focuses on the problem of 2-D (two-dimensional) DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation of a single source in the scenario of far-field using a single vector hydrophone which comprises three orthogonal velocity-sensors plus one spatially co-located pressure sensor. In this proposed approach, a temporal invariance is formed via two time-delayed data sets collected from a vector hydrophone, and the ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) is utilized to estimate the DOA. A sliding method is proposed to process data collected by a single vector hydrophone in a period of time so that the motion trajectory of the target can be determined. Both the theoretical analysis and the results of computer simulation demonstrate that the algorithm is an effective 2-D DOA estimation approach.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lang Ge",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "CSPS",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "zvsAs2CO": {
        "id": "zvsAs2CO",
        "title": "Experimental characterizing combustion emissions and thermodynamic properties of a thermoacoustic swirl combustor",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Many practical lean-premixed combustion systems involved in land-based power plants, gas turbines and boilers are susceptible to self-excited combustion instability, which is characterized by detrimental periodic pressure oscillations. Little attention has been paid on experimentally characterizing the chemical emissions and thermodynamic properties of a thermoacoustic swirl combustor. In this work, the effects of (1) fuel-air equivalence ratio Φ and fuel flow rate Q CH4  on generating such combustion instability and its impact on chemical emissions and thermodynamic properties in a swirling combustor are experimentally studied. For this, a methane-fueled lab-scale swirl combustor is designed and tested. To monitor the thermodynamic properties of the combustor, an acoustic pressure sensor, an infrared thermal imaging camera, K-type thermal couples, and an infrared flue gas analyzer are applied. It is found that the fuel-air ratio plays an important role on generating combustion instability at different frequencies and amplitudes. This is confirmed by conducting autocorrelation and frequency spectrum analyses of the acoustic pressure time trace. Furthermore, the dominant mode swap (mode-switching) between a low frequency ω 1  and a high non-harmonic one is experimentally observed. Whether the mode switching from high (harmonic or non-harmonic) to low frequency or low to high frequency is found to depend strongly on Q CH4 . As the equivalence ratio is changed from lean to rich, i.e. 0.8 ≤ Φ ≤ 1.2, NOx emission is increased from 1 ppm to 37 ppm. However, CO emission is decreased by 2 order of magnitudes from 1000 ppm first and then increased. The minimum CO emission is approximately 3.0 ppm. In addition, O 2  concentration is decreased by more than 80% with increased Φ, depending on the methane flow rate. This means that the combustion efficiency characterized by the O 2  emission is decreased dramatically from 99.5% to 68% with Φ increased from 0.6 to 1.2. The present work sheds light on the characteristics of chemical emissions and thermodynamic properties, when a thermoacoustic swirl combustor is operated with methane-air equivalence ratio Φ varied from lean to rich condition and different Q CH4 . It opens up a practical means to design a stably operated but low-emission thermoacoustic swirl combustor.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiguo Zhang",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Liuhe Road 318, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310023, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siliang Ni",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuze Sun",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing Wang",
                "org": "School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410073, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoneng Li",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Liuhe Road 318, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310023, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "S. Li",
                "org": "School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Mengxi Rd 2, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province 212003, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Energy",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "dfDMqmmn": {
        "id": "dfDMqmmn",
        "title": "An ambiguity-reduced phase unwrapping method and its applications in parameter estimation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "signal to noise ratio",
            "optimization",
            "estimation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "national university of defense technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "fang wang",
                "org": "jiangxi normal university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jianwei wan",
                "org": "national university of defense technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "gang li",
                "org": "national university of defense technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "ke xu",
                "org": "national university of defense technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "pAIZTN6w": {
        "id": "pAIZTN6w",
        "title": "Azimuth angle estimation based on joint processing of acoustic pressure and analytic velocity",
        "abstract": "In this paper, an improved joint processing algorithm based on Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Technique(ESPRIT), which can efficiently combine acoustic pressure and analytic velocity, is proposed to estimate azimuth angle. This method can be applied in acoustic vector sensor array (AVSA) of any formation. A novel cross-covariance matrix of acoustic pressure and analytic velocity is constructed and the ESPRIT algorithm based on total-least-squares (TLS) criterion is used to determine the azimuth angle of incident signals in a background noise. By using the coherency between acoustic pressure and particle velocity, this algorithm could suppress interference well in isotropic noise field. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than existing algorithms especially in low-SNR environment.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lang Ge",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee advanced information technology electronic and automation control conference",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "x8hxGDlA": {
        "id": "x8hxGDlA",
        "title": "Underwater acoustic target recognition based on Gammatone filterbank and instantaneous frequency",
        "abstract": "The performance of underwater acoustic target recognition system decreases significantly mainly due to the complex underwater acoustic conditions. Nevertheless, human auditory system is capable of segregating different targets in noisy conditions. Several auditory-based features have been applied to underwater acoustic target recognition, but only represent amplitude of the signal. However, phase represented by the instantaneous frequency (IF) might also contain some information to distinguish different targets. In this paper, a novel feature extraction method based on the Gammatone filterbank and instantaneous frequency is applied to robust underwater acoustic target recognition. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) is employed as the classifier in experiments. Experimental results indicate that the novel feature extraction method has a robust performance than conventional methods for underwater acoustic target recognition.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zixu Lian",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gang Li",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee international conference on communication software and networks",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "zw5LnG0l": {
        "id": "zw5LnG0l",
        "title": "In-Depth Exploration of Signal Self-Cancellation Phenomenon to Achieve DOA Estimation of Underwater Acoustic Sources",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fang Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Sciences",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "wetvluCP": {
        "id": "wetvluCP",
        "title": "Study of the quasi-static motion of a droplet expelled from a pipe in microgravity",
        "abstract": "In this paper, a theoretical and numerical study of the quasi-static motion of a large droplet pushed out of a pipe in microgravity environment was presented. For the existence of surface force, an external force is needed to push the droplet out of the pipe. Methods to calculate the external force, the surface force, and the pressure drops were established in theoretical model and numerical simulation, respectively. The changes of the free energy, the surface force, as well as the pressure drops during a droplet being pushed out of a pipe were discussed in this work. The surface force reaches its maximal value, when the radii of upside contact line equals to the radius of the pipe. At last, a comparison of the two methods was made based on the results.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guangyu Li",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqian Chen",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyong Huang",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Astronautica",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "NVX3Lt6j": {
        "id": "NVX3Lt6j",
        "title": "Agentless and Uniform Introspection for Various Security Services in IaaS Cloud",
        "abstract": "With the introduction of virtual machine introspection into IaaS cloud, indirect inspection of the state about guest VMs is supported with strong isolation. But it requires the privilege access to the virtual machine monitor and lacks manageability due to the need of installing various security vendorsu0027 agents in a privileged VM. In this paper, we propose an agentless and uniform introspection framework, called SE-Cloud, which supports expert security vendors to build robust and flexible protections for guest VMs of their customers. With the separation of introspection and security-business code, SE-Cloud can stealthily fetch the state of monitored VMs without installing any code of security vendors, which resists rootkit from compromising or evading in-the-box security services and is convenient to manage out-of-the-box security services. Our preliminary experimental results show that SE-Cloud can support robust and flexible introspection over guest VMs with acceptable overhead.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huaizhe Zhou",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haihe Ba",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangchun Ren",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongjun Wang",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yunshi Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiying Wang",
                "org": "National University of Defense Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international conference on information science and control engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "mpCyUNjp": {
        "id": "mpCyUNjp",
        "title": "Improved underwater target azimuth estimation histogram algorithm based on the coherence function with a single vector hydrophone",
        "abstract": "The histogram algorithm based on sound intensity having been widely used to estimate the azimuths of underwater acoustic targets. The advantage of this algorithm is that all we need is a single vector hydrophone to distinguish multiple targetsu0027 azimuths. The histogram approach acquiesces in that the acoustic pressure is perfectly correlated with the particle velocity. However, the sound field excited by the sound source is not always coherent, especially in the near field. An improved algorithm based on the coherence function is presented in this paper. More accurate estimations can be obtained using the improved algorithm, which is more applicable to the practical sound field.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yu Ao",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ieee international conference on communication software and networks",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "IoJ0sFX3": {
        "id": "IoJ0sFX3",
        "title": "MASS-RAB: Robust adaptive beamforming for general-rank signal models via matched spatial spectrum processing",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The wavefront of acoustic signal suffers from fast fluctuation after a long distance propagation in a random and inhomogeneous ocean channel, which makes the rank of the covariance matrix for the desired signal (signal of interest) remarkably higher than one. Consequently, the assumption of rank-one point signal model for existing adaptive beamforming algorithms is no longer suitable. In this paper, a matched spatial spectrum processing based robust adaptive beamforming (MASS-RAB) algorithm is presented for general-rank signal models. First, the interference-plus-noise covariance matrix and the desired signal covariance matrix are reconstructed using the matched spatial spectrum processing method. Second, the weight vector is directly calculated using these reconstructed covariance matrices for the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) algorithm, which is developed for the general-rank signal models. Due to covariance matrix reconstruction, the MASS-RAB algorithm is more robust than those methods relying on the sample covariance matrix. The cases of the rank-one point signal model and the full-rank non-point signal model are considered by several numerical examples. Experimental results have demonstrated the superiority of the proposed MASS-RAB method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Wang",
                "org": "College of Physics and Communication Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianwei Wan",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yulan Guo",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Xu",
                "org": "College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Acoustics",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "p5FC5OKR": {
        "id": "p5FC5OKR",
        "title": "Effect of Shear on Ultrasonic Flow Measurement Using Nonaxisymmetric Wave Modes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiyong huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqian chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dengpeng hu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Shock and Vibration",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "zMDI3jsG": {
        "id": "zMDI3jsG",
        "title": "Fractal modeling of fluidic leakage through metal sealing surfaces",
        "abstract": "This paper investigates the fluidic leak rate through metal sealing surfaces by developing fractal models for the contact process and leakage process. An improved model is established to describe the seal-contact interface of two metal rough surface. The contact model divides the deformed regions by classifying the asperities of different characteristic lengths into the elastic, elastic-plastic and plastic regimes. Using the improved contact model, the leakage channel under the contact surface is mathematically modeled based on the fractal theory. The leakage model obtains the leak rate using the fluid transport theory in porous media, considering that the pores-forming percolation channels can be treated as a combination of filled tortuous capillaries. The effects of fractal structure, surface material and gasket size on the contact process and leakage process are analyzed through numerical simulations for sealed ring gaskets.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qiang Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqian Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyong Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "AIP Advances",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "bKZGeWUQ": {
        "id": "bKZGeWUQ",
        "title": "Isentropic wave propagation in a viscous fluid moving along a lined duct with shear flow and its implication for ultrasonic flow measurement",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "shear flow",
            "acoustic impedance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiyong huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqian chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuzhu bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaodong tan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Aerospace Science and Technology",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "1os0r4H9": {
        "id": "1os0r4H9",
        "title": "Axisymmetric Wave Propagation in Uniform Gas Flow Confined by Rigid-Walled Pipeline",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "phase velocity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiyong huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqian chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dengpeng hu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computational Acoustics",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "x2s1bipx": {
        "id": "x2s1bipx",
        "title": "Asymmetric viscothermal acoustic propagation and implication on flow measurement",
        "abstract": "In the application of high frequency acoustic flow measurement, viscothermal dissipation and asymmetric acoustic modes cannot be overlooked. Present paper mathematically formulates asymmetric linear disturbance dynamics in terms of velocity and temperature disturbances based on the conservations of mass, momentum and energy. An iterative calculation procedure, which is similar to Galerkin method, is presented. Numerical analysis of asymmetric acoustic features (phase velocity and attenuation coefficient) are comprehensively given under the effects of viscothermal dissipation and shear flow convection. In the end, flow measurement performance of asymmetric acoustic modes is literally discussed. Numerical study shows that viscothermal dissipation affects the cut-on frequency of acoustic modes and couples nonlinearly with shear convection when the flow Mach number is large. These parameters impose significant influences on measurement performance. Each acoustic mode has inherent measurement derivation which can be theoretically used to compensate the acoustic flow measurement error. Apparent prediction error may occur if the viscothermal dissipation is taken out of consideration",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqian Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Qi",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "arXiv: Fluid Dynamics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "BN05yxsv": {
        "id": "BN05yxsv",
        "title": "Axisymmetric wave propagation in gas shear flow confined by a rigid-walled pipeline",
        "abstract": "The axisymmetric acoustic wave propagating in a perfect gas with a shear pipeline flow confined by a circular rigid wall is investigated. The governing equations of non-isentropic and isentropic acoustic assumptions are mathematically deduced while the constraint of Zwikker and Kosten is relaxed. An iterative method based on the Fourier–Bessel theory is proposed to semi-analytically solve the proposed models. A comparison of numerical results with literature contributions validates the present contribution. Meanwhile, the features of some high-order transverse modes, which cannot be analyzed based on the Zwikker and Kosten theory, are analyzed",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuzhu bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaodong tan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yiyong huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqian chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ZUEEpcPS": {
        "id": "ZUEEpcPS",
        "title": "Wave propagation in a viscous fluid with a pipeline shear mean flow and application for ultrasonic flow meter",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyong Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqian Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bulletin of the American Physical Society",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "TnBP7ubj": {
        "id": "TnBP7ubj",
        "title": "Viscothermal Longitudinal Wave Propagation in Non-Uniform Shear Liquid Flow Confined by Constant Temperature Pipeline and Implications for Ultrasonic Flow Meter",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yiyong huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqian chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Acustica United With Acustica",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "f8PFaGKu": {
        "id": "f8PFaGKu",
        "title": "Flow aeroacoustic damping using coupled mechanical–electrical impedance in lined pipeline",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chen yong",
                "org": "national university of defense technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "huang yiyong",
                "org": "national university of defense technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "chen xiaoqian",
                "org": "national university of defense technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "bai yuzhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tan xiaodong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Physics B",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "HTium2zh": {
        "id": "HTium2zh",
        "title": "Quantifying Magnetic Resonance Parameters",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "vikas gulani",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nicole seiberlich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mark a griswold",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "b9w07xBg": {
        "id": "b9w07xBg",
        "title": "Fast 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting for a whole-brain coverage.",
        "abstract": "This study applied a fast acquisition scheme for a fully quantitative 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting scan with a total acceleration factor of 144 as compared with the Nyquist rate, such that 3D T , T , and proton density maps can be acquired with whole-brain coverage at clinical resolution in less than 5 min. Magn Reson Med 79:2190-2197, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D",
            "MR fingerprinting",
            "T1",
            "T2",
            "relaxometry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dan Ma",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Jiang",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Debra McGivney",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bhairav Mehta",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vikas Gulani",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark Griswold",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Magnetic resonance in medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "k7qym2tV": {
        "id": "k7qym2tV",
        "title": "Realistic 4D MRI abdominal phantom for the evaluation and comparison of acquisition and reconstruction techniques.",
        "abstract": "This realistic abdominal MR phantom can be used to simulate different pulse sequences and data sampling schemes for the comparison of acquisition and reconstruction methods under controlled conditions that are impossible or prohibitively difficult to perform in vivo.",
        "keywords": [
            "MRI",
            "abdomen",
            "digital phantom",
            "free breathing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei-Ching Lo",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Jiang",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jesse Hamilton",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert Grimm",
                "org": "Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark Griswold",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vikas Gulani",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicole Seiberlich",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Magnetic resonance in medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "lHEjM3hz": {
        "id": "lHEjM3hz",
        "title": "Slice profile and B corrections in 2D magnetic resonance fingerprinting.",
        "abstract": "This study demonstrates that MRF is sensitive to both SP and B effects, and that corrections can be made to improve the accuracy of MRF with only a 2-s increase in acquisition time. Magn Reson Med 78:1781-1789, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.",
        "keywords": [
            "B1 correction",
            "MR fingerprinting",
            "T1",
            "T2",
            "slice profile correction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dan Ma",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Simone Coppo",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Debra F McGivney",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Jiang",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shivani Pahwa",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vikas Gulani",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark A Griswold",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Magnetic resonance in medicine",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "FIT2Aj7d": {
        "id": "FIT2Aj7d",
        "title": "Rapid T2 mapping of mouse heart using the carr-purcell-meiboom-gill sequence and compressed sensing reconstruction.",
        "abstract": "A rapid T2 mapping technique was developed and assessed, which allows accurate T2 quantification of mouse heart at a temporal resolution of 1 minute per slice. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:375-382.",
        "keywords": [
            "CPMG sequence",
            "T2 mapping",
            "cardiac imaging",
            "compressed sensing",
            "manganese-enhanced MRI"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen Li",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kai Jiang",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Charlie Y Wang",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Yu",
                "org": "Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Aqm7sbN2": {
        "id": "Aqm7sbN2",
        "title": "Single breath-hold 3D cardiac T 1 mapping using through-time spiral GRAPPA.",
        "abstract": "The quantification of cardiac T relaxation time holds great potential for the detection of various cardiac diseases. However, as a result of both cardiac and respiratory motion, only one two-dimensional T map can be acquired in one breath-hold with most current techniques, which limits its application for whole heart evaluation in routine clinical practice. In this study, an electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered three-dimensional Look-Locker method was developed for cardiac T measurement. Fast three-dimensional data acquisition was achieved with a spoiled gradient-echo sequence in combination with a stack-of-spirals trajectory and through-time non-Cartesian generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) acceleration. The effects of different magnetic resonance parameters on T quantification with the proposed technique were first examined by simulating data acquisition and T map reconstruction using Bloch equation simulations. Accuracy was evaluated in studies with both phantoms and healthy subjects. These results showed that there was close agreement between the proposed technique and the reference method for a large range of T values in phantom experiments. In vivo studies further demonstrated that rapid cardiac T mapping for 12 three-dimensional partitions (spatial resolution, 2 × 2 × 8 mm ) could be achieved in a single breath-hold of ~12 s. The mean T values of myocardial tissue and blood obtained from normal volunteers at 3 T were 1311 ± 66 and 1890 ± 159 ms, respectively. In conclusion, a three-dimensional T mapping technique was developed using a non-Cartesian parallel imaging method, which enables fast and accurate T mapping of cardiac tissues in a single short breath-hold.",
        "keywords": [
            "Look-Locker method",
            "T1 mapping",
            "cardiac imaging",
            "non-Cartesian parallel imaging"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Ching Lo",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jesse I Hamilton",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kestutis Barkauskas",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haris Saybasili",
                "org": "Siemens Healthineers, Chicago, IL, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Katherine L Wright",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Joshua Batesole",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark A Griswold",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vikas Gulani",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicole Seiberlich",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "NMR in biomedicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "s9IfMz8Q": {
        "id": "s9IfMz8Q",
        "title": "Repeatability and Reproducibility of 3D MR Fingerprinting Relaxometry Measurements in Normal Breast Tissue.",
        "abstract": "2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2.",
        "keywords": [
            "breast",
            "magnetic resonance fingerprinting",
            "quantitative imaging",
            "relaxometry",
            "repeatability"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ananya Panda",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Biomedical Research Imaging Center (BRIC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kathleen Ropella-Panagis",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Satyam Ghodasara",
                "org": "School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Marcie Stopchinski",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicole Seyfried",
                "org": "School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Katherine Wright",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicole Seiberlich",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark Griswold",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vikas Gulani",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "s8qpRWWy": {
        "id": "s8qpRWWy",
        "title": "Multiscale reconstruction for MR fingerprinting",
        "abstract": "The proposed iterative multiscale reconstruction reliably increases MRF acquisition speed and accuracy. Magn Reson Med 75:2481-2492, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.",
        "keywords": [
            "Compressed Sensing",
            "Fingerprinting",
            "Multiscale Image Reconstruction",
            "Parameter Mapping"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "eric y pierre",
                "org": "case western reserve university"
            },
            {
                "name": "dan ma",
                "org": "case western reserve university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "case western reserve university"
            },
            {
                "name": "chaitra badve",
                "org": "case western reserve university"
            },
            {
                "name": "mark a griswold",
                "org": "case western reserve university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Magnetic resonance in medicine",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "3R543hpT": {
        "id": "3R543hpT",
        "title": "Quantitative High-Resolution Renal Perfusion Imaging Using 3-Dimensional Through-Time Radial Generalized Autocalibrating Partially Parallel Acquisition",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "vikas gulani",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nicole seiberlich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mark a griswold",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "katherine l wright",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haris saybasili",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Investigative Radiology",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "dCYsokRA": {
        "id": "dCYsokRA",
        "title": "Free-Breathing Liver Perfusion Imaging Using 3-Dimensional Through-Time Spiral Generalized Autocalibrating Partially Parallel Acquisition Acceleration",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "alice yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mark schluchter",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mark a griswold",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chaitra badve",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nicole seiberlich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "vikas gulani",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dean a nakamoto",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gregory r lee",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "katherine l wright",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Investigative Radiology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "1MkOcBnQ": {
        "id": "1MkOcBnQ",
        "title": "Quantitative perfusion imaging of neoplastic liver lesions: A multi-institution study.",
        "abstract": "We describe multi-institutional experience using free-breathing, 3D Spiral GRAPPA-based quantitative perfusion MRI in characterizing neoplastic liver masses. 45 patients (age: 48-72 years) were prospectively recruited at University Hospitals, Cleveland, USA on a 3 Tesla (T) MRI, and at Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China on a 1.5 T MRI. Contrast-enhanced volumetric T1-weighted images were acquired and a dual-input single-compartment model used to derive arterial fraction (AF), distribution volume (DV) and mean transit time (MTT) for the lesions and normal parenchyma. The measurements were compared using two-tailed Student's t-test, with Bonferroni correction applied for multiple-comparison testing. 28 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 17 metastatic lesions were evaluated. No significant difference was noted in perfusion parameters of normal liver parenchyma and neoplastic masses at two centers (p = 0.62 for AF, 0.015 for DV, 0.42 for MTT for HCC, p = 0.13 for AF, 0.97 for DV, 0.78 for MTT for metastases). There was statistically significant difference in AF, DV, and MTT of metastases and AF and DV of HCC compared to normal liver parenchyma (p < 0.5/9 = 0.0055). A statistically significant difference was noted in the MTT of metastases compared to hepatocellular carcinoma (p < 0.001*10-5). In conclusion, 3D Spiral-GRAPPA enabled quantitative free-breathing perfusion MRI exam provides robust perfusion parameters.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shivani Pahwa",
                "org": "Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Liu",
                "org": "Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sara Dastmalchian",
                "org": "Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Gregory O'Connor",
                "org": "Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ziang Lu",
                "org": "Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaitra Badve",
                "org": "Radiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Alice Yu",
                "org": "Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Katherine Wright",
                "org": "Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hamid Chalian",
                "org": "Radiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shengxiang Rao",
                "org": "Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Caixia Fu",
                "org": "Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd, Shenzhen, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ignacio Vallines",
                "org": "MR Collaboration NE Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark Griswold",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicole Seiberlich",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengsu Zeng",
                "org": "Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vikas Gulani",
                "org": "Radiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States. vikas@case.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "7aD5zElB": {
        "id": "7aD5zElB",
        "title": "Preclinical MR fingerprinting (MRF) at 7 T: effective quantitative imaging for rodent disease models: HIGH-FIELD PRECLINICAL MRF",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "mark a griswold",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "susann m bradykalnay",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mitchell l drumm",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "katherine m dell",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jason a vincent",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "k herrmann",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yun jiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dan ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ying gao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chris a flask",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lan lu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "NMR in Biomedicine",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ozKZ0eHx": {
        "id": "ozKZ0eHx",
        "title": "Three-dimensional MR Fingerprinting for Quantitative Breast Imaging.",
        "abstract": "Purpose To develop a fast three-dimensional method for simultaneous T1 and T2 quantification for breast imaging by using MR fingerprinting. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, variable flip angles and magnetization preparation modules were applied to acquire MR fingerprinting data for each partition of a three-dimensional data set. A fast postprocessing method was implemented by using singular value decomposition. The proposed technique was first validated in phantoms and then applied to 15 healthy female participants (mean age, 24.2 years ± 5.1 [standard deviation]; range, 18-35 years) and 14 female participants with breast cancer (mean age, 55.4 years ± 8.8; range, 39-66 years) between March 2016 and April 2018. The sensitivity of the method to B field inhomogeneity was also evaluated by using the Bloch-Siegert method. Results Phantom results showed that accurate and volumetric T1 and T2 quantification was achieved by using the proposed technique. The acquisition time for three-dimensional quantitative maps with a spatial resolution of 1.6 × 1.6 × 3 mm was approximately 6 minutes. For healthy participants, averaged T1 and T2 relaxation times for fibroglandular tissues at 3.0 T were 1256 msec ± 171 and 46 msec ± 7, respectively. Compared with normal breast tissues, higher T2 relaxation time (68 msec ± 13) was observed in invasive ductal carcinoma (P < .001), whereas no statistical difference was found in T1 relaxation time (1183 msec ± 256; P = .37). Conclusion A method was developed for breast imaging by using the MR fingerprinting technique, which allows simultaneous and volumetric quantification of T1 and T2 relaxation times for breast tissues. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ananya Panda",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shivani Pahwa",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jesse I Hamilton",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sara Dastmalchian",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Debra F McGivney",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Ma",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Joshua Batesole",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicole Seiberlich",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark A Griswold",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Donna Plecha",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            },
            {
                "name": "Vikas Gulani",
                "org": "From the Departments of Radiology (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., N.S., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.) and Biomedical Engineering (J.I.H., N.S., M.A.G., V.G.), Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106; and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Y.C., A.P., S.P., S.D., D.F.M., D.M., J.B., M.A.G., D.P., V.G.)."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Radiology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "BhYg8kb7": {
        "id": "BhYg8kb7",
        "title": "Simultaneous multislice cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting using low rank reconstruction.",
        "abstract": "This study introduces a technique for simultaneous multislice (SMS) cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF), which improves the slice coverage when quantifying myocardial T T , and M . The single-slice cMRF pulse sequence was modified to use multiband (MB) RF pulses for SMS imaging. Different RF phase schedules were used to excite each slice, similar to POMP or CAIPIRINHA, which imparts tissues with a distinguishable and slice-specific magnetization evolution over time. Because of the high net acceleration factor (R = 48 in plane combined with the slice acceleration), images were first reconstructed with a low rank technique before matching data to a dictionary of signal timecourses generated by a Bloch equation simulation. The proposed method was tested in simulations with a numerical relaxation phantom. Phantom and in vivo cardiac scans of 10 healthy volunteers were also performed at 3 T. With single-slice acquisitions, the mean relaxation times obtained using the low rank cMRF reconstruction agree with reference values. The low rank method improves the precision in T and T for both single-slice and SMS cMRF, and it enables the acquisition of maps with fewer artifacts when using SMS cMRF at higher MB factors. With this technique, in vivo cardiac maps were acquired from three slices simultaneously during a breathhold lasting 16 heartbeats. SMS cMRF improves the efficiency and slice coverage of myocardial T and T mapping compared with both single-slice cMRF and conventional cardiac mapping sequences. Thus, this technique is a first step toward whole-heart simultaneous T and T quantification with cMRF.",
        "keywords": [
            "low rank",
            "magnetic resonance fingerprinting",
            "parameter mapping",
            "relaxation times",
            "simultaneous multislice",
            "spiral"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jesse I Hamilton",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Jiang",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan Ma",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei-Ching Lo",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark Griswold",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nicole Seiberlich",
                "org": "Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "NMR in biomedicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "rWENZB25": {
        "id": "rWENZB25",
        "title": "NANOWIRE DEVICE WITH (111) VERTICAL SIDEWALLS AND METHOD OF FABRICATION",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "islam saiful m",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chen yong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wang shihyuan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "t1JXnOK4": {
        "id": "t1JXnOK4",
        "title": "Optical element having electrically controllable refractive index",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "scott w corzine",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "2fGyTE4c": {
        "id": "2fGyTE4c",
        "title": "Growing a low defect gallium nitride based semiconductor",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "CnBbCLU6": {
        "id": "CnBbCLU6",
        "title": "Method for detaching an epitaxial layer from one substrate and transferring it to another substrate",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 1999
    },
    "2UL4oGG4": {
        "id": "2UL4oGG4",
        "title": "Low voltage-drop electrical contact for gallium (aluminum, indium) nitride",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "long yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard p schneider",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "lPqocAIU": {
        "id": "lPqocAIU",
        "title": "Optical cross-connect utilizing metal/hydride mirrors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "long yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "8h3glQZb": {
        "id": "8h3glQZb",
        "title": "Buried heterostructure for lasers and light emitting diodes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "src8ZSIj": {
        "id": "src8ZSIj",
        "title": "Integrated circuit substrate that accommodates lattice mismatch stress",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "scott w corzine",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t i kamins",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "michael j ludowise",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "pierre h mertz",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "jrfJtcMd": {
        "id": "jrfJtcMd",
        "title": "Method for relieving stress in GaN devices",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 1998
    },
    "YPKmbgw7": {
        "id": "YPKmbgw7",
        "title": "Epitaxial facet formation for laser diodes based on III-V material systems",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "LibS8gkn": {
        "id": "LibS8gkn",
        "title": "Method for relieving lattice mismatch stress in semiconductor devices",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "scott w corzine",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t i kamins",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "michael j ludowise",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "pierre h mertz",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "xbIEGnQn": {
        "id": "xbIEGnQn",
        "title": "Mould, pattern of nano wires, multiplexer/demultiplexer and method of making same",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pavel kornilovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "duncan r stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "philip j kuekes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mehmet fatih yanik",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "5XR3g3vc": {
        "id": "5XR3g3vc",
        "title": "Configurable nanoscale crossbar electronic circuits made by electrochemical reaction",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "3IJGaScO": {
        "id": "3IJGaScO",
        "title": "Method of forming catalyst nanoparticles for nanowire growth and other applications",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "t i kamins",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "philip j kuekes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "FzqehabK": {
        "id": "FzqehabK",
        "title": "Method of forming one or more nanopores for aligning molecules for molecular electronics",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "t i kamins",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "patricia a beck",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "kaAwtALk": {
        "id": "kaAwtALk",
        "title": "Method for chemically bonding Langmuir-Blodgett films to substrates",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "sean zhang x",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhanglin zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "vDr0RaR0": {
        "id": "vDr0RaR0",
        "title": "Composition of matter which results in electronic switching through intra- or inter- molecular charge transfer, or charge transfer between molecules and electrodes induced by an electrical field",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "alexandre m bratkovski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r s williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "OORRRPaL": {
        "id": "OORRRPaL",
        "title": "Method for fabricating a nano-imprinting mold",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "saif m islam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gun young jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "A4jdMCKr": {
        "id": "A4jdMCKr",
        "title": "Transistor and sensors made from molecular materials with electric dipoles",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "alexandre m bratkovski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "4p6ShPtr": {
        "id": "4p6ShPtr",
        "title": "NANOSCALE PATTERNING FOR THE FORMATION OF EXTENSIVE WIRES",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "bP5e0AYo": {
        "id": "bP5e0AYo",
        "title": "A METHOD OF FORMING NANOSTRUCTURED CATALYSTS FOR NANOWIRE GROWTH",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "t i kamins",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "philip j kuekes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "NgZoRxvq": {
        "id": "NgZoRxvq",
        "title": "Bottom electrode chemically-bonded Langmuir-Blodgett films via photolabile groups",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhanglin zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoan zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "EKfGsMKh": {
        "id": "EKfGsMKh",
        "title": "Formation of a self-assembled release monolayer in the vapor phase",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "gunyoung jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s ganapathiappan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "UfxHSEcn": {
        "id": "UfxHSEcn",
        "title": "Electric device having nanoscale wires and gaps",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "81qy2edG": {
        "id": "81qy2edG",
        "title": "Gated nanoscale switch having channel of molecular wires",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "alexandre m bratkovski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t i kamins",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "08SPLjOB": {
        "id": "08SPLjOB",
        "title": "Method to grow self-assembled epitaxial nanowires",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "douglas a a ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "sWHoNzyC": {
        "id": "sWHoNzyC",
        "title": "Method for making nanoscale wires and gaps for switches and transistors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "MmqDdFKo": {
        "id": "MmqDdFKo",
        "title": "E-field induced ion selective molecular deposition onto sensor arrays",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "sean xiaoan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyong li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhanglin zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "william m tong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "ryT3kSmg": {
        "id": "ryT3kSmg",
        "title": "MOLECULAR DEVICES ACTIVATED BY AN ELECTRIC FIELD FOR ELECTRONIC INK AND OTHER VISUAL DISPLAY APPLICATIONS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaoan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "alex bratkovski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kent d vincent",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "gTYyBwql": {
        "id": "gTYyBwql",
        "title": "Printing electronic and opto-electronic circuits",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaoan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "4hYAws3R": {
        "id": "4hYAws3R",
        "title": "Formation of nanoscale wires",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "douglas a a ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t i kamins",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "SDzRfSrM": {
        "id": "SDzRfSrM",
        "title": "Apparatus for imprinting lithography and fabrication thereof",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "saif m islam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gun young jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "dNljH8Eu": {
        "id": "dNljH8Eu",
        "title": "Demultiplexed nanowire sensor array for detection of chemical and biological species",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "philip j kuekes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "9IwlewF4": {
        "id": "9IwlewF4",
        "title": "Molecular devices activated by an electric field for electronic ink and other visual display",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xiaoan zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "alexandre m bratkovski",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "stanley r williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kent d vincent",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "aUcpr5Nr": {
        "id": "aUcpr5Nr",
        "title": "Fabrication of a 34 × 34 Crossbar Structure at 50 nm Half-pitch by UV-based Nanoimprint Lithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "G. Y. Jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "S. Ganapathiappan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Douglas A. A. Ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Deirdre L. Olynick",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William M. Tong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "R. Stanley Williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano Letters",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "PymR6rYq": {
        "id": "PymR6rYq",
        "title": "circuits NANOTECHNOLOGY PII: S0957-4484(03)58229-0",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gunyoung jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "douglas a a ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuema li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "duncan r stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kent a nielsen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "IJUXQmOb": {
        "id": "IJUXQmOb",
        "title": "Ordered arrays of rare-earth silicide nanowires on Si(001)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "physical vapor deposition",
            "scanning tunneling microscopy",
            "nanowires"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "regina ragan",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "douglas a a ohlberg",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "gilberto medeirosribeiro",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Crystal Growth",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "2whsiPGU": {
        "id": "2whsiPGU",
        "title": "Nanowires of four epitaxial hexagonal silicides grown on Si(001)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "epitaxial growth",
            "nanowires",
            "self assembly",
            "kinetics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "doug a a ohlberg",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Physics",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "6VGEQcTd": {
        "id": "6VGEQcTd",
        "title": "Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon electrodes connected by indium phosphide nanowires",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "single crystal",
            "nanocrystalline material",
            "nanowires"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "n kobayashi",
                "org": "university of california santa cruz"
            },
            {
                "name": "v j logeeswaran",
                "org": "university of california davis"
            },
            {
                "name": "m saif islam",
                "org": "university of california davis"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuema li",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "joseph straznicky",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california los angeles"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Physics Letters",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "6Ham6QDv": {
        "id": "6Ham6QDv",
        "title": "Thin-shell model for supernova remnant crossing density jump",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "wave breaking"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fanglue zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "q daniel wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "flNxASVj": {
        "id": "flNxASVj",
        "title": "Polymer solution for nanoimprint lithography to reduce imprint temperature and pressure",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jung young",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s ganapathiappan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r t williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "kz9vnJMH": {
        "id": "kz9vnJMH",
        "title": "Sequence-specific DNA sensing based on silicon nanowires",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "silicon",
            "oligonucleotide probe",
            "phase modulation",
            "nanofibers",
            "nanowires",
            "sensors",
            "molecules"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhiyong li",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuema li",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "theodore i kamins",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california los angeles"
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of SPIE",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "7lcixzWa": {
        "id": "7lcixzWa",
        "title": "Vapor-phase self-assembled monolayer for improved mold release in nanoimprint lithography.",
        "abstract": "Resist adhesion to the mold is one of the challenges for nanoimprint lithography. The main approach to overcoming it is to apply a self-assembled monolayer of an organosilane release agent to the mold surface, either in the solution phase or vapor phase. We compared the atomic force microscopy, ellipsometry, reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle results collected from substrates treated by two different application processes and found that the vapor-phase process was superior. The vapor-treated substrates had fewer aggregates of the silane molecules on the surface, because the lower density of the agent in the vapor phase was not conducive to aggregation formation, and received a superior coating of the releasing agent, because the vapor was more effective than the solution in penetrating into the nanoscale gaps of the mold. A pattern transfer of 20 parallel nanowires with a line width of 40 nm at 100 nm pitch-size was performed faithfully with the vapor-treated mold without any resist adhesion.",
        "keywords": [
            "self assembled monolayer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Gun-Young Jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiyong Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Deirdre L Olynick",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shih-Yuan Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "William M Tong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "R Stanley Williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "bYi0ZxXK": {
        "id": "bYi0ZxXK",
        "title": "Thermally stable, oxidation resistant capping technology for Ti/Al ohmic contacts to n-GaN",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "work function",
            "contact resistance",
            "titanium",
            "contact process",
            "titanium alloy",
            "ohmic contact",
            "band gap"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "christopher m pelto",
                "org": "university of wisconsin madison"
            },
            {
                "name": "y austin chang",
                "org": "university of wisconsin madison"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Applied Physics",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "LB6KwwTk": {
        "id": "LB6KwwTk",
        "title": "Nanoimprint lithography enables memristor crossbars and hybrid circuits",
        "abstract": "Memristive devices are promising building blocks for enhanced CMOS hardware in data storage and computing. Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) has been an enabling technology in the past decade for exploring novel devices and circuits. In this paper, the authors review the progress and technical aspects of the fabrication and integration of memristor crossbar arrays using NIL. Since the key component of successful fabrication is the imprint mold, the material selection, master mold fabrication, anti-sticking treatment and cleaning are first discussed. The requirements and composition of imprint resists, in particular low-viscosity liquid resists that cross-link upon ultraviolet light radiation, are investigated next. After the description of imprint systems and alignment mechanisms, a disruptive self-alignment fabrication scheme for crossbar arrays is presented. Finally, the first implementation of a memristor/CMOS hybrid circuit using NIL on foundry-made CMOS substrates, together with more recent developments, is recounted. The challenges and possible solutions for NIL as a primary tool for crossbar fabrication are also proposed and discussed.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bottom Electrode",
            "Electron Beam Lithography",
            "Mold Surface",
            "Master Mold",
            "Nanoimprint Lithography"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qiangfei xia",
                "org": "university of massachusetts amherst"
            },
            {
                "name": "wei wu",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "gunyoung jung",
                "org": "gwangju institute of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "shuang pi",
                "org": "university of massachusetts amherst"
            },
            {
                "name": "peng lin",
                "org": "university of massachusetts amherst"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuema li",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyong li",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": "university of california"
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Physics A",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Dz8owl2Y": {
        "id": "Dz8owl2Y",
        "title": "Self-assembled growth of epitaxial erbium disilicide nanowires on silicon (001)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanowires",
            "quantum wire",
            "thin film",
            "epitaxial growth",
            "self assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "douglas a a ohlberg",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "gilberto medeirosribeiro",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "y austin chang",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Physics Letters",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "tk8mLBzk": {
        "id": "tk8mLBzk",
        "title": "Platinum and gold nanostructures on silicon via a self-assembled template",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "nanostructures",
            "platinum",
            "scanning tunneling microscopy",
            "erbium",
            "dysprosium",
            "reactive ion etching",
            "silicon",
            "nanofibers",
            "nanocrystals",
            "gold",
            "nanowires",
            "metals"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "regina ragan",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "sehun kim",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuema li",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "xa6CltV7": {
        "id": "xa6CltV7",
        "title": "Nanoscale molecular-switch devices fabricated by imprint lithography",
        "abstract": "Molecular electronics offers the tantalizing prospect of eventually building circuits with critical dimensions of a few nanometers. Some basic devices utilizing molecules have been demonstrated, including tunnel junctions with negative differential resistance,, rectifiers,, and electrically config-urable switches that have been used in simple electronic memoryand logic circuits., A major challenge that remains is to show that such devices can be fabricated economically using a process that will scale to circuits with large numbers of elements while maintaining their desired electronic prop-erties. Previous nanoscale molecular devices have been fabri-cated using e-beam lithography,, which is impractical for commercial applications because of the slow writing speed. High-energy electron beams can also damage the active mol-ecules in a circuit. In contrast, imprint lithography is a pro-cessing technique that can produce sub-10-nm feature sizes, high throughput, and low cost., In addition, imprinting may also preclude damage to the active molecules in a circuit from high-energy electrons during e-beam lithography. In this letter, we describe an imprinting process to fabricate nanoscale molecular devices, from an amphiphilic, bistable @2#rotaxane, and demonstrate that these devices act as revers-ible, electrically toggled switches. The imprinting mold was fabricated into a 100-nm-thick, thermally grown silcon oxide on a silicon substrate using electron-beam lithography and reactive-ion etching ~RIE! with a Leica VB6 electron beam writer and an Oxford In-struments Plasmalab 100 ICP180 RIE. The SiO<SUB>2 surface was patterned and etched to leave raised mesas of 40-nm-wide nanowires connected by 3-mm-wide wires on each end to 100-mm-square pads. The height of each mesa was 80 nm above the etched surface of the mold. Each mold had 400 ",
        "keywords": [
            "molecular electronics",
            "semiconductor devices"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Douglas A. A. Ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuema Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Duncan R. Stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "R. Stanley Williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jan O. Jeppesen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kent A. Nielsen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "J. Fraser Stoddart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Deirdre L. Olynick",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Erik Anderson",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Physics Letters",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "ckRlLilB": {
        "id": "ckRlLilB",
        "title": "Multilevel imprint lithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pavel kornilovich",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "duncan r stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "philip j kuekes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mehmet fatih yanik",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "gUSrHemy": {
        "id": "gUSrHemy",
        "title": "Fabrication process of molecular memory circuits by nanoimprint lithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "data storage",
            "electrodes",
            "fabrication",
            "nanofabrication",
            "nonvolatile memory",
            "polymers"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "gunyoung jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s ganapathiappan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuema li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dougleas a a ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "deidre olynick",
                "org": "lawrence berkeley national laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "wei wu",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "shihyuan wang",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "william m tong",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "r s williams",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "g0Vt5wHn": {
        "id": "g0Vt5wHn",
        "title": "Transport through Molecular Films: Testing Molecular Scale Memory and Logic",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "surface area",
            "thin film",
            "electron transport"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "duncan r stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sam kim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "doug a a ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r stanley williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "5pkjqkjP": {
        "id": "5pkjqkjP",
        "title": "Nanoscale molecular-switch crossbar circuits",
        "abstract": "Molecular electronics offer an alternative pathway to construct nanoscale circuits in which the critical dimension is naturally associated with molecular sizes. We describe the fabrication and testing of nanoscale molecular-electronic circuits that comprise a molecular monolayer of (2)rotaxanes sandwiched between metal nanowires to form an 8 × 8 crossbar within a 1 µm2 area. The resistance at each cross point of the crossbar can be switched reversibly. By using each cross point as an active memory cell, crossbar circuits were operated as rewritable, nonvolatile memory with a density of 6. 4G bits cm−2 .B ys etting the resistances at specific cross points, two 4 × 4s ubarrays of the crossbar were configured to be a nanoscale demultiplexer and multiplexer that were used to read memory bits in a third subarray.",
        "keywords": [
            "nonvolatile memory",
            "critical dimension",
            "molecular electronics",
            "nanowires"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Quantum Science Research|Hewlett-Packard Laboratories"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gun-Young Jung",
                "org": "Quantum Science Research|Hewlett-Packard Laboratories"
            },
            {
                "name": "Douglas A A Ohlberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuema Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Duncan R Stewart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jan O Jeppesen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kent A Nielsen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "J Fraser Stoddart",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "R Stanley Williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanotechnology",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "0oW1W6HY": {
        "id": "0oW1W6HY",
        "title": "Epitaxial growth of erbium silicide nanowires on silicon(001)",
        "abstract": "Submonolayer amounts of Er deposited onto Si(001) react with the substrate to form epitaxial nanowires of crystalline ErSi 2 . The ErSi 2 nanowires are <1 nm high, a few nanometers wide, close to a micron long, and crystallographically aligned to Si〈110〉 directions. The growth of uniaxial structures occurs because the different crystal structures of ErSi 2 and Si have a good lattice match along one Si〈110〉 crystallographic axis (−1.3%) but a significant mismatch along the perpendicular Si〈110〉 axis (+6.5%). An energetic model explains the formation of the ErSi 2 nanowires.",
        "keywords": [
            "epitaxial",
            "silicon(001)",
            "nanowires",
            "crystal structure",
            "epitaxial growth"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Douglas A.A Ohlberg",
                "org": "Quantum Science Research, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, 1501 Page Mill Road, MS 1L-14, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "R Stanley Williams",
                "org": "Quantum Science Research, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, 1501 Page Mill Road, MS 1L-14, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials Science & Engineering B",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "QlpjUSuQ": {
        "id": "QlpjUSuQ",
        "title": "Nano optical sensors via molecular self-assembly",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhiyong li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sean xiaoan zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "vGICI1ab": {
        "id": "vGICI1ab",
        "title": "NIIN As an Ohmic Contact to P-GAN",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "d b ingerly",
                "org": "university of wisconsin madison"
            },
            {
                "name": "y a chang",
                "org": "university of wisconsin madison"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 1998
    },
    "8yOq6Por": {
        "id": "8yOq6Por",
        "title": "Solid-state gadolinium–magnesium hydride optical switch",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "optical switch",
            "neural network",
            "magnesium",
            "optical computing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "r armitage",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "michael rubin",
                "org": "lawrence berkeley national laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "thomas j richardson",
                "org": "lawrence berkeley national laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "n o brien",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Physics Letters",
        "year": 1999
    },
    "l2ugueu5": {
        "id": "l2ugueu5",
        "title": "Nano-Tubes in GaN",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "z lilientalweber",
                "org": "lawrence berkeley national laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "hewlett packard"
            },
            {
                "name": "s ruvimov",
                "org": "lawrence berkeley national laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "w swider",
                "org": "lawrence berkeley national laboratory"
            },
            {
                "name": "j washburn",
                "org": "lawrence berkeley national laboratory"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 1996
    },
    "jv8hQhQq": {
        "id": "jv8hQhQq",
        "title": "Issues concerning the preparation of ohmic contacts to n-GaN",
        "abstract": "Several processing parameters for Ti/Al ohmic contacts to n-GaN have been considered in this study. Ti/Al contacts are widely used as low resistance contacts in GaN-based electronic and photonic devices, but the processing issues of these contacts are not thoroughly understood to allow proper standardization. In this study, we have looked at the effects of different Ti:Al layer thickness ratios, oxidizing atmospheres, wet surface cleaning procedures, and deposition techniques on the Ti/Al contact structure's performance. A parallel processing study of Ti/Al contacts with more novel contacts is suggested as a means of controlling the many inherent variables that are shown to affect contact performance. We have used this parallel processing method to quantify the performance of a novel NiAl contact to n-GaN.",
        "keywords": [
            "annealing",
            "gan",
            "electrical characteristics",
            "titanium",
            "processing",
            "oxidation",
            "aluminum",
            "ohmic contacts",
            "nial",
            "transmission line model",
            "ohmic contact",
            "parallel processing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Christopher M. Pelto",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Y. Austin Chang",
                "org": "Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Quantum Science Research, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "R. Stanley Williams",
                "org": "Quantum Science Research, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Solid State Electronics",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "4y7NGKQL": {
        "id": "4y7NGKQL",
        "title": "Search for Pair Production of Third-Generation Leptoquarks and Top Squarks in pp Collisions at √s = 7 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e di marco",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "javier duarte",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "y ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yaohsu yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f a dias",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "U9f2IQrN": {
        "id": "U9f2IQrN",
        "title": "Shape, transverse size, and charged-hadron multiplicity of jets in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j bunn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f a dias",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e di marco",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j duarte",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "y ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "k shin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongping yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "9ejHPRjh": {
        "id": "9ejHPRjh",
        "title": "Exclusive γγ → µ^+µ^- production in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j bunn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e di marco",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j duarte",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yingchao ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "k shin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "p traczyk",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "OOEcqj1F": {
        "id": "OOEcqj1F",
        "title": "Azimuthal Anisotropy of Charged Particles at High Transverse Momenta in Pb-Pb Collisions at √s_(NN) = 2.76 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j bunn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e di marco",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j duarte",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "y ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "k shin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "p traczyk",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuejin yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f a dias",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "EkfOiG1z": {
        "id": "EkfOiG1z",
        "title": "Measurement of the top-quark mass in tt events with dileptonfinal states in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e di marco",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "javier duarte",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuanliang ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "si xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yonggang yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f a dias",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "KQ0Msrba": {
        "id": "KQ0Msrba",
        "title": "Measurement of the W^+W^− and ZZ production cross sections in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "e di marco",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "javier duarte",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yousi ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "si xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yi yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "f a dias",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "B13XfEtG": {
        "id": "B13XfEtG",
        "title": "Measurement of the B^0 Production Cross Section in pp Collisions at √s=7 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j bunn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuxin ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "k shin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "p traczyk",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yi yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "OyyvfGMN": {
        "id": "OyyvfGMN",
        "title": "Measurement of the differential dijet production cross section in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j bunn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanfeng ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "k shin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "p traczyk",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanwu yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "niHlqBtY": {
        "id": "niHlqBtY",
        "title": "Measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry ininclusive W production in pp collisions at √s = 7TeV",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "s chatrchyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m dubinin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m spiropulu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a apresyan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a bornheim",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "j bunn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "m gataullin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanfeng ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "a mott",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "h b newman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c rogan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "k shin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "v timciuc",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "p traczyk",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jan veverka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r wilkinson",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "youwen yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r y zhu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "3CYoUWWm": {
        "id": "3CYoUWWm",
        "title": "Forest plot and meta-analysis of estimated blood loss.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huixin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunxiao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haibin zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfeng xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tangxuan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenquan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "taolin xia",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "U9kWojNJ": {
        "id": "U9kWojNJ",
        "title": "Forest plot and meta-analysis of operative time.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huixin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunxiao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haibin zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfeng xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tangxuan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenquan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "taolin xia",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "1lFFWfIp": {
        "id": "1lFFWfIp",
        "title": "Characteristics of included studies.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huixin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunxiao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haibin zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfeng xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tangxuan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenquan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "taolin xia",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "aQGRiHT8": {
        "id": "aQGRiHT8",
        "title": "PRISMA flow diagram of studies identified, included, and excluded.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huixin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunxiao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haibin zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfeng xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tangxuan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenquan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "taolin xia",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "hlS74vHP": {
        "id": "hlS74vHP",
        "title": "Forest plot and meta-analysis of continence rate at (A) 4–6 weeks, (B) 3 months and (C) 6–12 months after surgery.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huixin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunxiao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haibin zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfeng xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tangxuan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenquan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "taolin xia",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "eWczevuV": {
        "id": "eWczevuV",
        "title": "Forest plot and meta-analysis of length of catheterization.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huixin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chunxiao liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haibin zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfeng xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhua liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tangxuan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenquan wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "taolin xia",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "j6OT9qPx": {
        "id": "j6OT9qPx",
        "title": "The Use of Unidirectional Barbed Suture for Urethrovesical Anastomosis during Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "li huixin",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "liu chunxiao",
                "org": "southern medical university"
            },
            {
                "name": "zhang haibin",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xu wenfeng",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "liu jianhua",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "chen yong",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "li tangxuan",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "li bin",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "wu zhenquan",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xia taolin",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PLOS ONE",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "kddZroHU": {
        "id": "kddZroHU",
        "title": "GCN5L1 modulates cross-talk between mitochondria and cell signaling to regulate FoxO1 stability and gluconeogenesis",
        "abstract": "The mitochondrial enriched GCN5-like 1 (GCN5L1) protein has been shown to modulate mitochondrial protein acetylation, mitochondrial content and mitochondrial retrograde signaling. Here we show that hepatic GCN5L1 ablation reduces fasting glucose levels and blunts hepatic gluconeogenesis without affecting systemic glucose tolerance. PEPCK and G6Pase transcript levels are downregulated in hepatocytes from GCN5L1 liver specific knockout mice and their upstream regulator, FoxO1 protein levels are decreased via proteasome-dependent degradation and via reactive oxygen species mediated ERK-1/2 phosphorylation. ERK inhibition restores FoxO1, gluconeogenic enzyme expression and glucose production. Reconstitution of mitochondrial-targeted GCN5L1 blunts mitochondrial ROS, ERK activation and increases FoxO1, gluconeogenic enzyme expression and hepatocyte glucose production. We suggest that mitochondrial GCN5L1 modulates post-translational control of FoxO1, regulates gluconeogenesis and controls metabolic pathways via mitochondrial ROS mediated ERK activation. Exploring mechanisms underpinning GCN5L1 mediated ROS signaling may expand our understanding of the role of mitochondria in gluconeogenesis control.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lingdi Wang",
                "org": "Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Iain Scott",
                "org": "Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu Zhu",
                "org": "Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kaiyuan Wu",
                "org": "Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kim Han",
                "org": "Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Proteomics Core Facility, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Marjan Gucek",
                "org": "Proteomics Core Facility, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael N. Sack",
                "org": "Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nature Communications",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ISYHuY2X": {
        "id": "ISYHuY2X",
        "title": "Strand-specific Dual RNA-seq of Bronchial Epithelial cells Infected with Influenza A/H3N2 Viruses Reveals Splicing of Gene Segment 6 and Novel Host-Virus Interactions.",
        "abstract": "Host-influenza virus interplay at the transcript level has been extensively characterized in epithelial cells. Yet, there are no studies that simultaneously characterize human host and influenza A virus (IAV) genomes. We infected human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells with two seasonal IAV/H3N2 strains, Brisbane/10/07 and Perth/16/09 (reference strains for past vaccine seasons) and the well-characterized laboratory strain Udorn/307/72. Strand-specific RNA-seq of the infected BEAS-2B cells allowed for simultaneous analysis of host and viral transcriptomes, in addition to pathogen genomes, to reveal changes in mRNA expression and alternative splicing (AS). In general, patterns of global and immune gene expression induced by the three IAVs were mostly shared. However, AS of host transcripts and small nuclear RNAs differed between the seasonal and laboratory strains. Analysis of viral transcriptomes showed deletions of the polymerase components (defective interfering (DI)-like RNAs) within the genome. Surprisingly, we found that the neuraminidase gene undergoes AS, and that the splicing event differs between seasonal and laboratory strains. Our findings reveal novel elements of the host-virus interaction and highlight the importance of RNA-seq in identifying molecular changes at the genome level that may contribute to shaping RNA-based innate immunity. The use of massively parallel RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has revealed insights into human and pathogen genomes and their evolution. Dual RNA-seq allows simultaneous dissection of host and pathogen genomes and strand-specific RNA-seq provides information about the polarity of the RNA. This is important in the case of negative-strand RNA viruses like influenza, which generate positive (complementary and messenger RNA) and negative strand RNAs (genome) that differ in their potential to trigger innate immunity. Here, we characterize interactions between human bronchial epithelial cells and three influenza A/H3N2 strains using strand-specific dual RNA-seq. We focused on this subtype because of its epidemiological importance in causing significant morbidity and mortality during influenza epidemics. We report novel elements that differ between seasonal and laboratory strains highlighting the complexity of the host-virus interplay at the RNA level.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Giulia Fabozzi",
                "org": "Medical Science & Computing (MSC) contractor, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Andrew J Oler",
                "org": "Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Poching Liu",
                "org": "Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Proteomics Core, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Samuel Mindaye",
                "org": "Laboratory of Immunobiochemistry, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael A Dolan",
                "org": "Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Heather Kenney",
                "org": "Emerging Respiratory Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Marjan Gucek",
                "org": "Proteomics Core, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhu",
                "org": "Systems Biology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ronald L Rabin",
                "org": "Laboratory of Immunobiochemistry, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA KSUBBARAO@niaid.nih.gov ronald.rabin@fda.hhs.gov."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kanta Subbarao",
                "org": "Emerging Respiratory Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA KSUBBARAO@niaid.nih.gov ronald.rabin@fda.hhs.gov."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of virology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "CE5MveQu": {
        "id": "CE5MveQu",
        "title": "The protein acetylase GCN5L1 modulates hepatic fatty acid oxidation activity via acetylation of the mitochondrial β-oxidation enzyme HADHA.",
        "abstract": "Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) deacetylates and activates several mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzymes in the liver. Here, we investigated whether the protein acetylase GCN5 general control of amino-acid synthesis 5-like 1 (GCN5L1), previously shown to oppose SIRT3 activity, is involved in the regulation of hepatic fatty acid oxidation. We show that GCN5L1 abundance is significantly up-regulated in response to an acute high-fat diet (HFD). Transgenic GCN5L1 overexpression in the mouse liver increased protein acetylation levels, and proteomic detection of specific lysine residues identified numerous sites that are co- regulated by GCN5L1 and SIRT3. We analyzed several fatty acid oxidation proteins identified by the proteomic screen and found that hyperacetylation of hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha (HADHA) correlates with increased GCN5L1 levels. Stable GCN5L1 knockdown in HepG2 cells reduced HADHA acetylation and increased activities of fatty acid oxidation enzymes. Mice with a liver-specific deletion of GCN5L1 were protected from hepatic lipid accumulation following a chronic HFD and did not exhibit hyperacetylation of HADHA compared with wildtype controls. Finally, we found that GCN5L1-knockout mice lack HADHA that is hyperacetylated at three specific lysine residues (Lys-350, Lys-383, and Lys-406), and that acetylation at these sites is significantly associated with increased HADHA activity. We conclude that GCN5L1-mediated regulation of mitochondrial protein acetylation plays a role in hepatic metabolic homeostasis.",
        "keywords": [
            "GCN5L1",
            "HADHA",
            "acetylation",
            "fatty acid oxidation",
            "mitochondria",
            "mitochondrial metabolism",
            "post-translational modification (PTM)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dharendra Thapa",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kaiyuan Wu",
                "org": "NHLBI, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael W Stoner",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingxian Xie",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Manling Zhang",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Janet R Manning",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongping Lu",
                "org": "NHLBI, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian H Li",
                "org": "NHLBI, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "NHLBI."
            },
            {
                "name": "Marjan Gucek",
                "org": "NIH."
            },
            {
                "name": "Martin P Playford",
                "org": "LKEM, NHLBI/NIH, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Nehal N Mehta",
                "org": "NHLBI, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Daniel Harmon",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert M O'Doherty",
                "org": "Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael J Jurczak",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael N Sack",
                "org": "NHLBI, United States."
            },
            {
                "name": "Iain Scott",
                "org": "University of Pittsburgh, United States."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of biological chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "XFtlz4Ha": {
        "id": "XFtlz4Ha",
        "title": "GCN5L1 interacts with αTAT1 and RanBP2 to regulate hepatic α-tubulin acetylation and lysosome trafficking.",
        "abstract": "Although GCN5L1 facilitates mitochondrial protein acetylation and controls endosomal-lysosomal trafficking mechanisms underpinning these disparate effects are unclear. As microtubule acetylation modulates endosome-lysosome trafficking we reasoned that exploring the role of GCN5L1 in this biology may enhance our understanding of GCN5L1-mediated protein acetylation. We show that α-tubulin acetylation is reduced in GCN5L1 knockout hepatocytes and restored by GCN5L1 reconstitution. Furthermore, GCN5L1 binds to the alpha-tubulin acetyltransferase αTAT1 and GCN5L1 mediated α-tubulin acetylation is αTAT1-dependent. Given that cytosolic GCN5L1 has been identified as a component of numerous multiprotein complexes, we explored whether novel interacting partners contribute to this regulation. We identify RanBP2 as a novel interacting partner of GCN5L1 and αTAT1. Genetic silencing of RanBP2 phenocopies GCN5L1 depletion by reducing α-tubulin acetylation and we find that RanBP2 possesses a tubulin binding domain which recruits GCN5L1 to α-tubulin. Finally, genetic depletion of GCN5L1 promotes perinuclear lysosome accumulation and histone deacetylase inhibition partially restores lysosomal positioning. We conclude that the interactions of GCN5L1, RanBP2 and αTAT1 function in concert to control α-tubulin acetylation and may contribute towards the regulation of cellular lysosome positioning.",
        "keywords": [
            "GCN5L1",
            "Lysosome positioning",
            "Microtubule acetylation",
            "Nup358",
            "RanBP2",
            "α-TAT1"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kaiyuan Wu",
                "org": "Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingdi Wang",
                "org": "Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Proteomics Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mehdi Pirooznia",
                "org": "Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Komudi Singh",
                "org": "Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sarah Wälde",
                "org": "Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ralph H Kehlenbach",
                "org": "Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany."
            },
            {
                "name": "Iain Scott",
                "org": "Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Marjan Gucek",
                "org": "Proteomics Core, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Michael N Sack",
                "org": "Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA sackm@nih.gov."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of cell science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "vGDlqrTf": {
        "id": "vGDlqrTf",
        "title": "Peptide Markers for Rapid Detection of KPC Carbapenemase by LC-MS/MS",
        "abstract": "Carbapenemase producing organisms (CPOs) represent an urgent public health threat, and the need for new rapid methods to detect these organisms has been widely recognized. CPOs carrying the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (bla                                                          ) gene have caused outbreaks globally with substantial attributable mortality. Here we describe the validation of a rapid MS method for the direct detection of unique tryptic peptides of the KPC protein in clinical bacterial isolates with an isolate-to-result time of less than 90 minutes. Using a genoproteomic discovery approach that combines theoretical peptidome analysis and liquid chromatography-tandem MS (LC-MS/MS), we selected three high abundance peptide markers of the KPC protein that can be robustly detected following rapid tryptic digestion. Protein BLAST analysis confirmed that the chosen peptide markers were unique to KPC. A blinded validation set containing 20 KPC-positive and 80 KPC-negative clinical isolates, performed in triplicate (300 runs) demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity (60/60 positive identifications, 240/240 negative identifications) using defined rules for positive calls. The most robust tryptic peptide marker in the validation was LTLGSALAAPQR. The peptide discovery and detection methods validated here are general and should be broadly applicable to allow the direct and rapid detection of other resistance determinants.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Honghui Wang",
                "org": "Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Steven K. Drake",
                "org": "Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jung Ho Youn",
                "org": "Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Avi Z. Rosenberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Avi Z. Rosenberg",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Proteomics Core Facility, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Marjan Gucek",
                "org": "Proteomics Core Facility, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "John P. Dekker",
                "org": "Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific Reports",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "wMjLDxPu": {
        "id": "wMjLDxPu",
        "title": "Fusion protein of human fibroblast growth factor-21 and exendin-4",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiquan zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chun zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hua luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "honghong liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "lZmOz4HP": {
        "id": "lZmOz4HP",
        "title": "FUSION PROTEIN REGULATING PLASMA GLUCOSE AND LIPID, ITS PREPARATION METHOD AND USE",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiquan zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chun zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hua luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "honghong liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "tmX86klz": {
        "id": "tmX86klz",
        "title": "N-TERMINAL DELETION VARIANT OF HUMAN FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 21 AND CONJUGATE THEREOF",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hairong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chun zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiang mei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yi zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "mFbFOnEy": {
        "id": "mFbFOnEy",
        "title": "Homodimer of insulinotropic peptide analogues and method for preparation thereof and use thereof",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiquan zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chun zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lin wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "WW5KBTUH": {
        "id": "WW5KBTUH",
        "title": "HUMAN INSULIN AND ANALOG CONJUGATE THEREOF",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yu cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongliang li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hairong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ying wan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "EV7uip16": {
        "id": "EV7uip16",
        "title": "Seismo-Ionospheric Precursors",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "seismic waves",
            "robust statistics",
            "electron density",
            "ionosphere"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jerry liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "y j chuo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s a pulinets",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "m1WbLl6o": {
        "id": "m1WbLl6o",
        "title": "Bayesian Analysis of Aftershock Sequences",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "prior distribution",
            "bayesian analysis",
            "parameter estimation",
            "maximum likelihood"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "t y fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jerry liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "xCakNuV9": {
        "id": "xCakNuV9",
        "title": "Change-Point Models for aftershock hazard analysis",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "hazard analysis",
            "exponential distribution",
            "confidence interval"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "c h huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jerry liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "UhzkN74I": {
        "id": "UhzkN74I",
        "title": "A Study of Lightning Activities and M>=5.0 Earthquakes in Taiwan During 1993-2002",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "remote sensing",
            "mossbauer spectroscopy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jerry liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yuchi ho",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "16j0FXNm": {
        "id": "16j0FXNm",
        "title": "Modeling and mapping comparable properties",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "alexei m kisselev",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eric rosenblatt",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "megan c berry",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "patria s kunde",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "48oIksHP": {
        "id": "48oIksHP",
        "title": "ASSIGNING CONFIDENCE VALUES TO AUTOMATED PROPERTY VALUATIONS BY USING THE NON-TYPICAL PROPERTY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPERTIES",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hamilton fout",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "elif onmusbaykal",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eric rosenblatt",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenxiong w yao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "7EFEykr0": {
        "id": "7EFEykr0",
        "title": "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTOMATED DATA DISCREPANCY ANALYSIS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "nathan lande",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "franklin carroll",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "benjamin hoffman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eric rosenblatt",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "NnMKyYSG": {
        "id": "NnMKyYSG",
        "title": "Automated valuation model with customizable neighborhood determination",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "nathan pieter den herder",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "megan c berry",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eric rosenblatt",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "alford paul williams",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "AKkq6WPx": {
        "id": "AKkq6WPx",
        "title": "SEARCHING REAL ESTATE USING SPATIAL EXCLUSION CONDITIONS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "megan c berry",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "adam davis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "nathan pieter den herder",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eric rosenblatt",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "5TjL7syW": {
        "id": "5TjL7syW",
        "title": "Modeling of weld bead geometry for rapid manufacturing by robotic GMAW",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "gas metal arc welding",
            "mathematical model"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tao yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jun xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Modern Physics B",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "ll1oQvPs": {
        "id": "ll1oQvPs",
        "title": "Luminescent characteristics of Tm3 +/Tb3 +/Eu3 + tri-doped phosphate transparent glass ceramics for white LEDs",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Tm 3 + /Tb 3 + /Eu 3 +  tri-doped transparent glass ceramics (GCs) are obtained via melt-quenching technique and subsequent heating of glass with composition of 20Na 2 O-42ZnO-28P 2 O 5 -9B 2 O 3 -1Sb 2 O 3  (mol%). XRD and TEM results demonstrate that orthorhombic NaZnPO 4  nanocrystals (NCs) are precipitated among the glass matrix. Under 362 nm excitation, the color tones of GCs change from light blue (0.3134, 0.3477) to warm white (0.3886, 0.3373) by altering concentration of Eu 3 + . The energy transfer of Tm 3 +  → Eu 3 +  and Tb 3 +  → Eu 3 +  is confirmed by photoluminescence spectra and fluorescence decay curves. The results indicate that the as-prepared Tm 3 + /Tb 3 + /Eu 3 +  co-doped GCs is a potential matrix material for white light-emitting diodes under UV-LED excitation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Non-crystalline Solids",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Xv1AUOYD": {
        "id": "Xv1AUOYD",
        "title": "Down-conversion luminescence and optical thermometric performance of Tb 3+ /Eu 3+ doped phosphate glass",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Tb 3+ /Eu 3+  co-doped phosphate glasses were successfully synthesized by conventional melt-quenching method. The transmittance spectra and down-conversion optical properties were investigated by using UV–visible spectrophotometer and fluorescence spectrometer. All the glass samples show light transmittance of about 90%, and the color of luminescence could be tuned by altering the concentrations of Eu 3+  ions. The decrease of the Tb 3+  emission decay time in presence of Eu 3+  ascertained that Tb 3+  → Eu 3+  non-radiative energy transfer happened. The research of energy transfer between Tb 3+  and Eu 3+  based on the Inokuti-Hirayama model revealed that an electric dipole–dipole interaction might be the predominant mechanism. Under the excitation of 378 nm, the temperature dependent luminescence of Tb 3+ /Eu 3+  co-doped glasses was carefully investigated in the temperature range of 303–753 K. Impressively, a high absolute sensitivity  S   a   of 1.0% K −1  and a high relative sensitivity  S   r   of 11.67 × 10 −3  K −1  at 753 K could be obtained. It is expected that the investigated glasses might be a promising candidate for solid-state lighting and optical thermometry.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiwen Xu",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changlai Yuan",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changrong Zhou",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Non-crystalline Solids",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ffCQBi3N": {
        "id": "ffCQBi3N",
        "title": "Luminescent properties and energy transfer of Tm<Superscript>3+</Superscript>/Dy<Superscript>3+</Superscript> co-doped oxyfluoride borate glasses for white LEDs",
        "abstract": "Tm3+/Dy3+ co-doped oxyfluoride borate glasses with composition of 25CaF2–25ZnO–6P2O5–44B2O3 (mol%) for white light-emitting diodes were synthesized by a conventional melting-quenching method. The glass structure, spectroscopic properties and decay time profiles were characterized by XRD and FT-IR, optical and fluorescence spectrum measurements. Under 354 nm excitation, the color tones change from light blue (0.3004, 0.2646) to warm white (0.3626, 0.3642) by increasing concentration of Tm3+. The shortening of the Dy3+ emission decay time in presence of Tm3+ suggests that Dy3+/Tm3+ non-radiative energy transfer occurs. By using the Inokuti–Hirayama model, it is inferred that an electric quadrupole–quadrupole interaction might be the dominant mechanism involved in the energy transfer. The results suggest that the as-prepared Tm3+/Dy3+ co-doped oxyfluoride borate glasses may be promising candidate in white LEDs and other display devices.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiwen Xu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "69AW068i": {
        "id": "69AW068i",
        "title": "Upconversion luminescence, optical thermometric properties and energy transfer in Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ co-doped phosphate glass",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Yb 3+ /Tm 3+  co-doped transparent phosphate glasses were successfully synthesized by conventional melt-quenching method. The upconversion (UC) emission spectra, fluorescence lifetime and transmission spectra were characterized by using UV–visible spectrophotometer and Fluorescence Spectrometer. The results show that the Yb 3+ /Tm 3+  co-doped phosphate glasses are highly transparent with a transmittance of about 90% in the visible light range, and the energy transfer between Yb 3+  and Tm 3+  occurs. Furthermore, the temperature dependent luminescence of the glasses was systematically investigated to explore the possible application as optical temperature sensors. Using the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique, the FIR of the UC emissions from 693 nm (Tm 3+ :  1 G 4 → 3 H 5 ) and 658 nm (Tm 3+ :  3 F 2 → 3 H 6 ) was studied as a function of temperature in the range of 303–653 K, under 980 nm laser excitation. Impressively, the high relative temperature sensitivity of 3.94% K −1  was obtained at 303 K in the Yb 3+ /Tm 3+  co-doped phosphate glass, which is a very promising candidate for optical temperature sensors.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiwen Xu",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiujuan Zhou",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changlai Yuan",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changrong Zhou",
                "org": "Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optical Materials",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "gdXiFyZM": {
        "id": "gdXiFyZM",
        "title": "Yb3+/Tb3+/Ho3+: phosphate nanophase embedded glass ceramics: enhanced upconversion emission and temperature sensing behavior",
        "abstract": "Yb3+/Tb3+/Ho3+ tri-doped transparent phosphate glass–ceramics (GCs) were successfully synthetized by a conventional melt-quenching technique with subsequent glass crystallization. The formation of phosphate nanocrystals (NCs) with leucite structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). The variation of the decay curves confirms the accumulation of active centers into the NCs lattice. Hence, the UC emission intensity of Yb3+/Tb3+/Ho3+ doped GC610 sample is greatly enhanced relative to that in precursor glass (PG). And the UC energy transfers processes were systematically analysis. The result shows that the energy transfer of Ho3+→Tb3+ exists while Yb3+ as a sensitizer ion. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent UC luminescence and temperature sensing behaviors of the prepared materials based on the thermally coupled levels of Tb3+: 5D4 and Ho3+: 5F5 in the temperature range of 298–648 K were systematically investigated, to explore its possible application as optical thermometric medium, by utilizing the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique. The relative sensitivity (Sr) of 7.5 × 10−3 K−1 and absolute sensitivity (Sa) of 22 × 10−3 K−1 are achieved in the Yb3+/Tb3+/Ho3+ tri-doped GC. This GC materials is a very promising candidate for optical temperature sensors.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiwen Xu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenchun Li",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "UmwSnzu4": {
        "id": "UmwSnzu4",
        "title": "Wide-range thermometry and up-conversion luminescence of Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F:Yb 3+ /Er 3+ transparent glass ceramics",
        "abstract": "Ca5(PO4)3F:Yb3+/Er3+ glass ceramics (GCs) were successfully manufactured via traditional controlled crystallization method. The structural, optical and up-conversion (UC) illuminant properties were systemically investigated by XRD, TEM, HRTEM, fluorescence spectra and luminescence lifetime measurements. The results show that Ca5(PO4)3F:Yb3+/Er3+ nanocrystals has been precipitated from the precursor glass matrix and the UC luminescence mechanism of PG and GC660 is two-photon process. The enhanced UC emission intensity and extended lifetime of Er3+ is observed in the GCs. Using the temperature dependent fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of thermally coupled emitting states (4S3/2, 2H11/2) as thermometric index, Ca5(PO4)3F:Yb3+/Er3+ GCs present wide temperature-sensing range (298–798 K) and high absolute sensitivity (51.9 × 10−4 K−1 at 600 K). This finding suggests that Ca5(PO4)3F:Yb3+/Er3+GC materials are promising in optical temperature measurement field.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Shang",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiwen Xu",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "3EVbH6W4": {
        "id": "3EVbH6W4",
        "title": "Experimental Study on Wet Desulphurization System of Large-Scale Thermal Power Plant with Ammonia Soda Solid Waste (White Mud)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "rong kun hong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei gao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ping fan hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "s s zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong jin liao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "FjQjsMiq": {
        "id": "FjQjsMiq",
        "title": "Research on Properties of Arcs Interaction for Plasma-MIG Hybrid Arc Welding Process",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuan Zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "HongMing Gao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "ATlsvGuD": {
        "id": "ATlsvGuD",
        "title": "Up-conversion luminescence and temperature sensing characteristics of Er<Superscript>3+</Superscript>/Yb<Superscript>3+</Superscript> co-doped phosphate glasses",
        "abstract": "Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glasses have been successfully prepared via tradition melt quenching technique, and the optical, luminescent and temperature sensing characteristics have been characterized by transmission spectra, photoluminescence spectra, fluorescence decay and energy level diagram. Under 980 nm laser excitation, three luminescent bands are observed at 522, 546, and 658 nm, which corresponded to 2H11/2 → 4I15/2, 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transitions. The most intense red emission is found at 658 nm. Furthermore, the temperature dependent fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of thermally coupled emitting states (4S3/2, 2H11/2) in Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped glasses is studied under 980 nm laser excitation. A high relative temperature sensitivity of 1.22% K−1 is obtained at 303 K and the corresponding effective energy difference (∆E) is 789 cm−1. And the maximal temperature sensitivity at 553 K is evaluated to be 4.94 × 10−3 K−1. All the results suggest that the Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped phosphate glasses are an efficient up-conversion material with potential application in optical thermometry.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "X. Y. Liu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "G. H. Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "T. Yang",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changlai Yuan",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "C. R. Zhou",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "J. W. Xu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Pzg5rdQv": {
        "id": "Pzg5rdQv",
        "title": "Enhanced up-conversion luminescence and optical thermometry characteristics of Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped transparent phosphate glass-ceramics",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Novel Er 3+ /Yb 3+  co-doped transparent glass-ceramics (GCs) containing orthorhombic NaZnPO 4  nanocrystals (NCs) were successfully prepared for the first time by a conventional melt-quenching and subsequent heating. Under 980 nm laser prompting, the GC samples produced intense red and green up-conversion emissions. The emission intensities varied with Yb 3+  concentration and heat treatment conditions. Optimum emission intensities were obtained for the sample with 2 mol% of Yb 3+  heat treated at 580 °C for 4 h. Furthermore, the temperature dependent fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of thermally coupled emitting states ( 4 S 3/2 ,  2 H 11/2 ) in Er 3+ /Yb 3+  co-doped GCs was evaluated under 980 nm. A high relative temperature sensitivity of 1.329% K −1  was obtained at 303 K and the maximal absolute temperature sensitivity at 612 K was evaluated to be 5.732 × 10 −3  K −1 . It is expected that the as-fabricated GCs containing NaZnPO 4  NCs are an efficient up-conversion material with potential application in optical temperature sensor.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Luminescence",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "l3FwlSKr": {
        "id": "l3FwlSKr",
        "title": "Up-conversion luminescence and highly sensing characteristics of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped borophosphate glass-ceramics",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Er       3  +     /Yb       3  +      co-doped phosphate glass ceramics (GC) with a cubic KAlSi 2 O       6     type structure were successfully fabricated by traditional melt-quenching technique and subsequent heat treatment. Structural characterization of the GC was achieved by X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD) combined with transmission electron microscope (TEM). The up-conversion (UC) optical properties were systemically investigated through absorption spectra, photoluminescence spectra, pump power dependent UC emission spectra, and UC decay curves. The possible energy transfer process and the transition channels were analyzed by using energy level diagram. Results show that the UC luminescence performance of the GC was enhanced compared to precursor glass (PG). Moreover, the temperature dependent UC emission spectra of the GC were measured in the temperature range of 298–798K under 980 nm laser excitation. Combined with the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique, the UC emissions of Er       3  +     /Yb       3  +      co-doped GC with two thermally coupled energy levels (TCELs) of 525 nm (Er       3  +     :  2 H       11∕2           →    4     I       15∕2     ) and 549 nm (Er       3  +     :  4 S       3∕2           →    4     I       15∕2     ) were studied as a function of temperature in the range of 298–798K. For optimized Er       3  +     /Yb       3  +      co-doped GC, the theoretical maximum value of relative sensitivity      S    r  −  m  a  x      is 1.67 % K −1  at 298 K, and absolute sensitivity      S    a  −  m  a  x      is 4.59    ×   10 −3  K −1  at 570 K, which indicates that the Er       3  +     /Yb       3  +      co-doped phosphate GC is a very promising candidate for optical temperature sensors with higher sensitivity.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fei Shang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiwen Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yun Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optics Communications",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "lyp6DJa7": {
        "id": "lyp6DJa7",
        "title": "Luminescent characteristics of Tm3+/Tb3+/Eu3+ tri-doped borophosphate glasses for LED applications",
        "abstract": "Tm3+/Tb3+/Eu3+ tri-doped borophosphate glasses were prepared via melt quenching technique. The luminescent properties were characterized by photoluminescence excitation, photoluminescence spectra, decay curves and chromaticity coordinates. The energy transfer process of Tm3+→Eu3+ and Tb3+→Eu3+ were confirmed based on photoluminescence spectra,fluorescence decay lifetime measurements. The CIE chromaticity coordinates (0.3418, 0.3272) and color correlate temperature (CCT = 5055.95 K) close to the standard white-light illumination (0.333, 0.333 and CCT = 5454.12 K) could be achieved in 1.0 Tm3+/2.0 Tb3+/1.0 Eu3+ (mol%) tri-doped glass sample. It is expected that the as-prepared glasses may be a promising candidate for white-light-emitting diodes, luminescent materials and fluorescent display devices.",
        "keywords": [
            "Photoluminescence Spectrum",
            " Glass Sample",
            " Energy Transfer Process",
            " Photoluminescence Excitation",
            " Color Correlate Temperature"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Yang",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changlai Yuan",
                "org": "Guilin University of Electronic Technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ks4EVGlO": {
        "id": "ks4EVGlO",
        "title": "Tunable luminescence mediated by energy transfer in Tm 3+ /Dy 3+ co-doped phosphate glasses under UV excitation",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Tm 3+ /Dy 3+  co-doped phosphate glasses for white light-emitting diodes were synthesized by a conventional melting-quenching method. A spectroscopic research based on optical, photoluminescence spectrum and decay time curves in Tm 3+ /Dy 3+  co-doped phosphate glasses was carried out. The color of luminescence could be tuned by altering the concentrations of Tm 3+  ions. Under UV light excitation, the CIE chromaticity coordinates (0.3471, 0.3374) and color correlate temperature (CCT = 4866.21 K) close to the standard white-light illumination (0.333, 0.333 and CCT = 5454.12 K) could be achieved in 0.4 Tm 3+ /0.6 Dy 3+  (mol %) co-doped glass sample. The decrease of the Dy 3+  emission decay time in existence of Tm 3+  ascertained that non-radiative energy transfer from Dy 3+  to Tm 3+  occurred. Moreover, the research of energy transfers between Dy 3+  and Tm 3+  based on the Inokuti-Hirayama model revealed that an electric quadrupole-quadrupole interaction might be the predominant mechanism participated in the energy transfer. This finding suggests that the as-prepared Tm 3+ /Dy 3+  co-doped phosphate glasses may be promising candidate for white LEDs and other display devices.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changlai Yuan",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Changrong Zhou",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optical Materials",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "MYTRC022": {
        "id": "MYTRC022",
        "title": "Preparation and luminescent properties of new YAG:Ce<Superscript>3+</Superscript> phosphor in glass (PIG) for white LED applications",
        "abstract": "A yellow-emitting phosphor-in-glass (PIG) material was synthesized by dispersing commercial YAG:Ce3+ phosphor powder in homemade host glass prepared by melting-quenching method. The phase composition, microstructure and photoluminescence properties of PIG were investigated by means of XRD, SEM, fluorescence spectrophotometer and optoelectronic testing system. The results showed that the YAG:Ce3+ phosphor particles were uniformly distributed and well preserved in glass matrix without any decomposition reaction. The bulk PIG can be efficiently exited by 460 nm to emit a broad yellow emission peak (530 nm) attributed to 5d → 4f transition of Ce3+ ion. The optimal luminous property of PIG can be achieved when YAG:Ce3+ phosphor concentration, melting temperature and thickness are 8 wt%, 950 °C and 1.5 mm, respectively. Under driving current of 540 mA, the luminous efficiency of the white LED device packaged by the as-prepared PIG and blue LED chip is 98 lm/W, and its color coordinate, color temperature and color rendering index are (0.300, 0.339), 7125 K and 71, respectively. This finding shows potential applications in white LEDs for the as-prepared PIG material.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sanchuan Cui",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guohua Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangyu Liu",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mBfcONYk": {
        "id": "mBfcONYk",
        "title": "A decoupled simulation test-bed architecture",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qi lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "8lAspVtW": {
        "id": "8lAspVtW",
        "title": "Ontology-based simulation verification",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qi lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "derCoEzi": {
        "id": "derCoEzi",
        "title": "Application of ontology engineering in satellite network simulation",
        "abstract": "Existed simulation works are always too dependent on a kind of particular techniques or tools to perform horizontal comparison and integration. There is no formal description for the simulation objects which leads to the lack of semantic support in the simulation. In order to guarantee the reusability and interoperability of heterogeneous models and services in satellite network simulation and provide verification support, a method based on ontology engineering is proposed. Based on the concept of simulation verification with semantic support, the purpose and requirements of applying ontology engineering in satellite network simulation are identified. A test is performed as to a specific simulation task, and the results show that, besides the semantic support, the former method can provide significant improvement in efficiency, which is over 200% in comparison with the latter one. It is concluded that it is quite feasible to apply ontology in the area of satellite network simulation. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.",
        "keywords": [
            "component",
            "ontology engineering",
            "satellite network",
            "semantic verification",
            "simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qi Lin",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Equipment Command and Technology(Academy of Equipment Command and Technology),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Equipment Command and Technology(Academy of Equipment Command and Technology),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "yZ9B3UPY": {
        "id": "yZ9B3UPY",
        "title": "Research on the Testbed Framework of Spacecraft",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "can bus",
            "publish subscribe"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xu min song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qi lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "UbHDGygi": {
        "id": "UbHDGygi",
        "title": "Orbit Plan Method for General Rendezvous Problems",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "adaptive simulated annealing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xu min song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qi lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "84Vh5lOY": {
        "id": "84Vh5lOY",
        "title": "Applying Simulation to Equipment Test and Evaluation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "test",
            "simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "y y li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li zhi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qi lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "dTPbmSsz": {
        "id": "dTPbmSsz",
        "title": "FTA-Based Reliability Measurement with Support of TRA",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "reliability"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "qi lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "rm7xX2ay": {
        "id": "rm7xX2ay",
        "title": "Study on Dephosphorization Technologies in Converter with Semi-Steel",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jian hua zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hong pan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "GNc8wksh": {
        "id": "GNc8wksh",
        "title": "Test Study and Application of Corundum Slag in Slag-Forming of BOF",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "lu chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian hua zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin teng liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jun chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "rGnJVNYW": {
        "id": "rGnJVNYW",
        "title": "Numerical Simulation and Optimization Practice of Oxygen Lance for Converter Steelmaking",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "numerical simulation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xin teng liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian hua zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jun chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "rong di liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "ISoW7axL": {
        "id": "ISoW7axL",
        "title": "Effects of SiO2 and Al2O3 Contents of Converter Slag on its Sticking to MgO-C Brick",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "long li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "da de zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian hua zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "Fgf3jIUj": {
        "id": "Fgf3jIUj",
        "title": "Development and Application of Control Model for Semi-Steel Steelmaking",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "steelmaking",
            "dynamic modeling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xin teng liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian hua zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "an lin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "gui jun li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "sen xiang yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "q c li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "6mKLu05v": {
        "id": "6mKLu05v",
        "title": "Control for Surface Faint-Sliver Defects in Cold-Rolled IF Steel Sheet",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jian hua zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guo rong wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "XNYBfLXc": {
        "id": "XNYBfLXc",
        "title": "Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin (SIgA) and Lysozyme in Malignant Tumor Patients.",
        "abstract": "Background. The purpose of this study is to understand the oral mucosal immune status of cancer patients and to make clear whether antibacterial proteins such as salivary secretory immunoglobulin (SIgA) and lysozyme in saliva were influenced by patients' health status and certain medical treatment therapy. Materials and Methods. This study included 221 patients with malignant tumor receiving antineoplastic treatment and 171 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Results. The results showed that patients suffering malignant tumor had lower level of SIgA and higher level of lysozyme than healthy subjects (P < 0.05). The SIgA level was significantly different among different cancer tumors, while the lysozyme level showed significant difference only between patients with digestive tract malignant tumor and hematopoietic system tumor. Pretreatment before transplantation for hematopoietic system tumor patients significantly affected the lysozyme level other than SIgA. SIgA level was affected by many factors such as age, therapy factors, and oral hygiene. Conclusion. Malignant tumor and the antineoplaston may weaken the patients' oral mucosal immunity, influence levels of some salivary proteins, and decrease the level of SIgA, resulting in aggregation of oral bacteria and failure of clearing them from the oral cavity. ",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haiyan Sun",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Zou",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qihong Li",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Huan Li",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yao Shu",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xia Li",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Weihong Li",
                "org": "Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng Ge",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BioMed research international",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Zpm6chkt": {
        "id": "Zpm6chkt",
        "title": "Role of the small GTPase Rho1 in cell wall integrity, stress response, and pathogenesis of Aspergillus fumigatus.",
        "abstract": "Aspergillus fumigatus is a major pathogen of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The small GTPase, Rho1, of A. fumigatus is reported to comprise a potential regulatory subunit of β-1,3-glucan synthase and is indispensable for fungal viability; however, the role of AfRho1 on the growth, cell wall integrity, and pathogenesis of A. fumigatus is still poorly understood. We constructed A. fumigatus mutants with conditional- and overexpression of Rho1 and found that defects of AfRho1 expression led to the reduction of β-1,3-glucan and glucosamine moieties on the cell wall, with down-regulated transcription of genes in the cell wall integrity signaling pathway and a decrease of calcofluor white (CFW)-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MpkA) phosphorylation and cytoplasmic leakage compared to those of the wild-type strain (WT). In addition, down-regulation of AfRho1 expression caused much higher sensitivity of A. fumigatus to HO and alkaline pH compared to that of WT. Decrease of AfRho1 expression also attenuated the A. fumigatus pathogenicity in Galleria mellonella and inhibited conidial internalization into lung epithelial cells and inflammatory factor release. In contrast, overexpression of Rho1 did not alter A. fumigatus morphology, susceptibility to cell wall stresses, or pathogenicity relative to its parental strain. Taken together, our findings support AfRho1 as an essential regulator of the cell wall integrity, stress response, and pathogenesis of A. fumigatus.",
        "keywords": [
            "Aspergillus fumigatus",
            "Cell wall integrity",
            "Inflammatory response",
            "MpkA",
            "Rho1"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xi Zhang",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodong Jia",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China; Comprehensive Liver Cancer Center, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Changjian Zhang",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongyi Lu",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongwei Li",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueting Su",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yansong Sun",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: sunys1964@hotmail.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China. Electronic address: hanlicdc@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "rmkaa2BY": {
        "id": "rmkaa2BY",
        "title": "Epidemiology and Molecular Characterizations of Azole Resistance in Clinical and Environmental Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates from China.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongyi Lu",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "J. Zhao",
                "org": "2Dermatology Department, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Z. Zou",
                "org": "3Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Y. Gong",
                "org": "4Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ji'nan Military Command, Ji'nan, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "F. Qu",
                "org": "5Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA 302 Hospital, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Z. Bao",
                "org": "6Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "G. Qiu",
                "org": "7Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA 202 Hospital, Shenyang, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "M. Song",
                "org": "8Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Q Zhang",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "L. Liu",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mandong Hu",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuanfu Zhang",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yansong Sun",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Paul E. Verweij",
                "org": "9Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuyu Huang",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "1Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "mp9yoUMc": {
        "id": "mp9yoUMc",
        "title": "Identification and Characterization of Key Charged Residues in the Cofilin Protein Involved in Azole Susceptibility, Apoptosis, and Virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhongyi Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodong Jia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueting Su",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongwei Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Mandong Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuyu Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "kz96hsi4": {
        "id": "kz96hsi4",
        "title": "Emergency of fungemia cases caused by fluconazole-resistant Candida auris in Beijing, China",
        "abstract": "Summary   We describe the microbiological characterization and clinical presentation of two fungemia cases caused by fluconazole-resistant  Candida auris  in neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital in Beijing, China. We advocate for the need of guidelines or recommendations to improve identification, surveillance, and implementation of infection control measures in Chinese hospitals.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihua Qi",
                "org": "Department of Laboratory, Army General Hospital, PLA, No. 5 Nanmencang Alley, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weihong Fan",
                "org": "Department of Laboratory, Army General Hospital, PLA, No. 5 Nanmencang Alley, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhigang Wang",
                "org": "Department of Infection Control, Army General Hospital, PLA, Beijing 100700, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian Xia",
                "org": "Department of Infection Control, Army General Hospital, PLA, Beijing 100700, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jia Chen",
                "org": "Department of Extremely Preterm Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Army General Hospital, PLA, Beijing 100700, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liangliang Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Extremely Preterm Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Army General Hospital, PLA, Beijing 100700, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Infection",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "W1nGEm0r": {
        "id": "W1nGEm0r",
        "title": "A data-driven mathematical model of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii transmission in an intensive care unit.",
        "abstract": "Major challenges remain when attempting to quantify and evaluate the impacts of contaminated environments and heterogeneity in the cohorting of health care workers (HCWs) on hospital infections. Data on the detection rate of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) in a Chinese intensive care unit (ICU) were obtained to accurately evaluate the level of environmental contamination and also to simplify existing models. Data-driven mathematical models, including mean-field and pair approximation models, were proposed to examine the comprehensive effect of integrated measures including cohorting, increasing nurse-patient ratios and improvement of environmental sanitation on MRAB infection. Our results indicate that for clean environments and with strict cohorting, increasing the nurse-patient ratio results in an initial increase and then a decline in MRAB colonization. In contrast, in contaminated environments, increasing the nurse-patient ratio may lead to either a consistent increase or an initial increase followed by a decline of MRAB colonization, depending on the level of environmental contamination and the cohorting rate. For developing more effective control strategies, the findings suggest that increasing the cohorting rate and nurse-patient ratio are effective interventions for relatively clean environments, while cleaning the environment more frequently and increasing hand washing rate are suitable measures in contaminated environments.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xia Wang",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, 100071 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Zhao",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, 100071 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, 100071 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing Song",
                "org": "Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Liu",
                "org": "Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, 100071 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, 100071 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaohua Hu",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, 100071 Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hajo Grundmann",
                "org": "Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanni Xiao",
                "org": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, 20# Dongda Street, 100071 Beijing, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "cWQZjj5l": {
        "id": "cWQZjj5l",
        "title": "Characterization of KPC-2-Producing Escherichia coli , Citrobacter freundii , Enterobacter cloacae , Enterobacter aerogenes , and Klebsiella oxytoca Isolates from a Chinese Hospital",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jingya zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuelin han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "rong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qiang zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lin guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liyan ye",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiyong yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanping luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shuguang tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Microbial Drug Resistance",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "aBxWD6MM": {
        "id": "aBxWD6MM",
        "title": "Chemiresistive properties regulated by nanoscale curvature in molecularly-linked nanoparticle composite assembly.",
        "abstract": "Interparticle spatial properties influence the electrical and functional properties of nanoparticle-structured assemblies. This report describes the nanoscale curvature-induced change in chemiresistive properties of molecularly-linked assemblies of gold nanoparticles on multiwalled carbon nanotubes, which are exploited for sensitive detection of volatile organic compounds. In addition to using linking/capping molecules to define interparticle spatial distances, the nanoscale curvature radius of the carbon nanotubes provides intriguing tunability of the interparticle spatial properties to influence electrical properties, which contrast with those observed for nanoparticle thin films assembled directly on chemiresistor devices. The electrical characteristics of the nanoparticle-nanotube composite give positive response profiles for the vapor molecules that are distinctively different to those observed for conventional nanoparticle thin-film assemblies. The dominant effect of electron coupling on overall chemiresistive properties is shown in relation to that of nanoscale curvature radius on the nanoparticle thin-film sensing properties. Sensing data are also further assessed in correlation with the solubility parameters of the vapor molecule. These findings have significant implications for the design of sensitive interfaces with nanocomposite-structured sensing materials and microfabricated chemiresistor devices.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Han-Wen Cheng",
                "org": "School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. hwcheng@sit.edu.cn and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY13902, USA. cjzhong@binghamton.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shan Yan",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY13902, USA. cjzhong@binghamton.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY13902, USA. cjzhong@binghamton.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China. hwcheng@sit.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Kang",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY13902, USA. cjzhong@binghamton.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zakiya Skeete",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY13902, USA. cjzhong@binghamton.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Luo",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY13902, USA. cjzhong@binghamton.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuan-Jian Zhong",
                "org": "Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY13902, USA. cjzhong@binghamton.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanoscale",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "DAE0iDea": {
        "id": "DAE0iDea",
        "title": "Gliotoxin Induces Cofilin Phosphorylation to Promote Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Internalization of Aspergillus fumigatus Into Type II Human Pneumocyte Cells.",
        "abstract": " is able to internalize into lung epithelial cells to escape from immune attack for further dissemination. We previously reported that gliotoxin, a major mycotoxin of , promotes this internalization; however, the mechanism remained unclear. Here, we report that gliotoxin is able to induce cofilin phosphorylation in A549 type II human pneumocytes. Either too high or too low a level of cofilin phosphorylation blocked the gliotoxin-induced actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and  internalization. LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) and its upstream small GTPases (Cdc42 and RhoA, but not Rac1) predominantly mediated the gliotoxin-induced cofilin phosphorylation and  internalization. Simultaneously, gliotoxin significantly stimulated an increase in cAMP; however, adding an antagonist of PKA did not block gliotoxin-induced  internalization. , exogenous gliotoxin helped gliotoxin synthesis deficient strain  invade into the lung tissue and the lung fungal burden increased markedly in immunosuppressed mice. In conclusion, these data revealed a novel role of gliotoxin in inducing cofilin phosphorylation mostly through the Cdc42/RhoA-LIMK1 signaling pathway to promote actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and internalization of  into type II human pneumocytes.",
        "keywords": [
            "Aspergillus fumigatus",
            "actin cytoskeleton rearrangement",
            "cofilin",
            "gliotoxin",
            "human pneumocyte cells"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Changjian Zhang",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyu Liu",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingsong Hu",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueting Su",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yansong Sun",
                "org": "Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in microbiology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "HNXeJdqv": {
        "id": "HNXeJdqv",
        "title": "Occurrence of oral Candida colonization and its risk factors among patients with malignancies in China",
        "abstract": "Oral colonization of Candida could lead to later development of oropharyngeal candidiasis or candidemia among the immunocompromised patients. This study aims to describe the occurrence and risk factors of oral Candida colonization in patients with malignancies.",
        "keywords": [
            "Candida albicans",
            " Non-albicans Candida species",
            " Colonization",
            " Biological characteristics",
            " Malignancies",
            " Risk factor"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haiyan sun",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuan zou",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "huan li",
                "org": "jiamusi university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiuyun yin",
                "org": "Department of Clinical Laboratory,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "haifeng qin",
                "org": "Department of Digestive Tract Malignant Tumor,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "rongrui liu",
                "org": "Department of Pulmonary Cancer,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "changlin yu",
                "org": "Department of Hematopoietic System Tumor,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "qihong li",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "kaitao yu",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "xuelin han",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "jingcai zou",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "cheng ge",
                "org": "Department of Stomatology,307 Hospital, PLA,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "li han",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Clinical Oral Investigations",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "bjAuzG4F": {
        "id": "bjAuzG4F",
        "title": "Identification and Characterization of Key Charged Residues in the Cofilin Protein Involved in Azole Susceptibility, Apoptosis, and Virulence of .",
        "abstract": "Through some specific amino acid residues, Cofilin, a ubiquitous actin depolymoerization factor, can significantly affect mitochondrial function related to drug resistance and apoptosis in ; however, this modulation in a major fungal pathogen,  was still unclear. Hereby, it was found firstly that mutations on several charged residues in cofilin to alanine, D19A;R21A, E48A, and K36A increased the formation of reactive oxygen species and induced apoptosis along with typical hallmarks including mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, the cytochrome c release, upregulation of metacaspases, and DNA cleavage in  Two of these mutations (D19A;R21A and K36A) increased acetyl-coenzyme A and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations by triggering fatty acid β-oxidation. The upregulated acetyl-coenzyme A affected the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway, leading to overexpression of  and , while excess ATP fueled ATP-binding cassette transporters. Besides, these two mutations both reduced the susceptibility of  to azole drugs and enhanced the virulence of  in a  infection model. Taken together, novel and key charged residues in cofilin were identified as essential modules regulating the mitochondrial function involved in azole susceptibility, apoptosis, and virulence of .",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhongyi Lu",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodong Jia",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueting Su",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongwei Li",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Zhang",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mandong Hu",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuyu Huang",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China. huangliuyuly@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Institute for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Beijing, China. hanlicdc@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Dcwr843H": {
        "id": "Dcwr843H",
        "title": "Elevated MIC Values of Imidazole Drugs against Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates with TR 34 /L98H/S297T/F495I Mutation.",
        "abstract": "Use of azole fungicides in agriculture is believed to be one of the main reasons for the emergence of azole resistance in lthough widely used in agriculture, imidazole fungicides have not been linked to resistance in  This study showed that elevated MIC values to imidazole drugs were observed among  isolates with TR/L98H/S297T/F495I mutation, but not among isolates with TR/L98H mutation. The STR typing analysis of 580  isolates from 20 countries suggested that the majority of TR/L98H/S297T/F495I strains from China were genetically different from the predominated major clade consisted of most of the azole resistant strains and the strains with the same mutation from the Netherlands and Denmark. Alignments of sterol 14α-demethylase sequences implicated that F495I in  was orthologous to F506I in  and F489L in , which have been reported to be associated with imidazole resistance. The  antifungal susceptibility testing of different recombinants of  mutations further confirms the association of F495I mutation with imidazole resistance. In conclusion, this study suggested that environmental use of imidazole fungicides might confer selection pressure for the emergence of azole resistance in .",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongwei Li",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueting Su",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjun Zhao",
                "org": "Dermatology Department, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ziying Zou",
                "org": "Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanwen Gong",
                "org": "Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ji'nan Military Command, Ji'nan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fen Qu",
                "org": "Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA 302 Hospital, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangbin Qiu",
                "org": "Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA 202 Hospital, Shenyang, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Siyao Wang",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodong Jia",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongyi Lu",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mandong Hu",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuyu Huang",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Paul E Verweij",
                "org": "Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China hanlicdc@163.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mhQdKuQ7": {
        "id": "mhQdKuQ7",
        "title": "High prevalence and clonal dissemination of OXA-72-producing <Emphasis Type=\"Italic\">Acinetobacter baumannii</Emphasis> in a Chinese hospital: a cross sectional study",
        "abstract": "Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii in China was mainly mediated by OXA-23-like carbapenemases, while OXA-24/40-like carbapenemases were rarely identified. OXA-72 is one variant of OXA-24/40-like carbapenemases. This study aimed to demonstrate the epidemiology and characterizations of OXA-72-producing A. baumannii in a Chinese hospital.",
        "keywords": [
            "Acinetobacter baumannii",
            " OXA carbapenemases",
            " Risk factor",
            " Molecular typing",
            " Clone dissemination"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuying Yang",
                "org": "School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Liu",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangbin Qiu",
                "org": "Department of Clinical Microbiology,The 202nd Hospital of PLA,Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hajo Grundmann",
                "org": "Department of Infection Prevention and Hospital Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine,University of Freiburg,Freiburg,Germany"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haifeng Li",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,The 202nd Hospital of PLA,Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinke Sun",
                "org": "School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control,Chinese PLA Institute for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BMC Infectious Diseases",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "hfOY1Cce": {
        "id": "hfOY1Cce",
        "title": "Gliotoxin promotes actin cytoskeleton dynamics and internalization of Aspergillus fumigatus into type II human pneumocyte cells by regulating cofilin phosphorylation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Changjian Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyu Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingsong Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodong Jia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xi Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueting Su",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Toxicon",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "DMVUTbOR": {
        "id": "DMVUTbOR",
        "title": "Emergence of TR46/Y121F/T289A in Aspergillus fumigatus Isolate from a Chinese Patient",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhongyi lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "peng li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qing zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tianye jia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingya zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shuguang tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuelin han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fangyan chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "changjian zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaodong jia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "liuyu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fen qu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "C1xBSjd5": {
        "id": "C1xBSjd5",
        "title": "A bronchofiberoscopy-associated outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit in Beijing, China",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "tropical medicine",
            "parasitology",
            "medical microbiology",
            "internal medicine"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "y xia",
                "org": "army and navy academy"
            },
            {
                "name": "cuiling lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingya zhao",
                "org": "army and navy academy"
            },
            {
                "name": "gaige han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "army and navy academy"
            },
            {
                "name": "fang wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bin yi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guoqin jiang",
                "org": "army and navy academy"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaohua hu",
                "org": "army and navy academy"
            },
            {
                "name": "xianfeng du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zheng wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hong lei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuelin han",
                "org": "army and navy academy"
            },
            {
                "name": "li han",
                "org": "army and navy academy"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BMC Infectious Diseases",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "upteNKcX": {
        "id": "upteNKcX",
        "title": "Assessing antibiotic therapy effectiveness against the major bacterial pathogens in a hospital using an integrated index.",
        "abstract": "DRI could be used to demonstrate the changes of antimicrobial resistance and prescribing over time as a result of evolutionary processes and governmental regulatory interference.",
        "keywords": [
            "antimicrobial resistance",
            "drug resistance index",
            "inadequate antibiotic treatment",
            "infection control",
            "nosocomial infection"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Boqiang Song",
                "org": "Geospatial Big Data Team, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing 100124, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue Shan",
                "org": "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 1000191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanhong Qin",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Diseases, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liang Wang",
                "org": "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 1000191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyuan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 1000191, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongyi Lu",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Liu",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Danping Yin",
                "org": "Department of Hospital Infection Control, General Hospital of Ji'nan Military Command, Ji'nan 250031, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xueting Su",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liuyu Huang",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Li",
                "org": "School of Earth & Space Sciences (SESS), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hajo Grundmann",
                "org": "Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Rijksuniversteit Groningen, Groningen 9700, The Netherlands."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Diseases, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": "Center for Hospital Infection Control, Institute of Disease Control & Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Future microbiology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "EE4ZC4jk": {
        "id": "EE4ZC4jk",
        "title": "Elevated MIC Values of Imidazole Drugs against Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates with TR34/L98H/S297T/F495I Mutation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongwei Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelin Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuguang Tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingya Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyan Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "P.E. Verweij",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Han",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "95Oahi1p": {
        "id": "95Oahi1p",
        "title": "Stability and L2-gain analysis of periodic piecewise linear systems.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Panshuo Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kie Chung Cheung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yugang Niu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACC",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "stuyFBZi": {
        "id": "stuyFBZi",
        "title": "On reachable sets for positive linear systems under constrained exogenous inputs.",
        "abstract": "This paper focuses on positive linear time-invariant systems with constant coefficients and specific exogenous disturbance. The problem of finding a hyper-pyramid to bound the set of the states that are reachable from the origin in the Euclidean space is addressed, subject to inputs whose ( 1 , 1 ) -norm or ( ∞ , 1 ) -norm is bounded by a prescribed constant. The Lyapunov approach is applied and a bounding hyper-pyramid is obtained by solving a set of inequalities. Iterative procedures (with an adjustable parameter) for reducing the hyper-volume of the bounding hyper-pyramid for the reachable set are proposed.",
        "keywords": [
            "Hyper-pyramid",
            "Linear programming",
            "Linear system",
            "Positive linear system",
            "Reachable set"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Baozhu Du",
                "org": "School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhan Shu",
                "org": "Electro Mechanical Engineering Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Automatica",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "hRR4jl9O": {
        "id": "hRR4jl9O",
        "title": "Corrigendum to “On reachable sets for positive linear systems under constrained exogenous inputs” [Automatica 74 (2016) 230–237] ☆",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Baozhu Du",
                "org": "School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhan Shu",
                "org": "Electro Mechanical Engineering Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Automatica",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ZcMZwHYu": {
        "id": "ZcMZwHYu",
        "title": "Stability Analysis for Positive Singular Systems With Time-Varying Delays.",
        "abstract": "This paper is concerned with the stability analysis for continuous-time positive singular systems with time-varying delays. First, an auxiliary system is introduced to establish the positivity condition for singular time-delay systems. Based on the positivity condition, the stability criterion is obtained for the positive singular systems with constant delays. By analyzing the monotonic property of the system trajectory, we extend the stability condition to the cases with time-varying delays. A numerical simulation is employed to illustrate the effectiveness of our results.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yukang Cui",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiguang Feng",
                "org": "College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr.",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "zPCT8k9B": {
        "id": "zPCT8k9B",
        "title": "Reachable set estimation for switched positive systems.",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on the problem of reachable set estimation for discrete-time switched positive systems under two possible classes of exogenous disturbance. The multiple linear copositive Lyapunov function approach is applied to determine the bounding hyper-pyramids for the reachable set. Based on some Lyapunov-based inequalities and the linear version of the S-procedure technique, the bounding hyper-pyramids for the reachable set can be determined by solving a set of inequalities. Two optimisation methods are adopted to make the bounding hyper-pyramids as small as possible. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is utilised to search for the optimal value of the decision variables in the obtained inequalities. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical findings.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": " Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Baozhu Du",
                "org": " School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Peoples' Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Panshuo Li",
                "org": " Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Int. J. Systems Science",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "1IGpIxNd": {
        "id": "1IGpIxNd",
        "title": "Reachable set estimation for discrete‐time linear systems with time delays",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "james lam",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "baoyong zhang",
                "org": "nanjing university of science and technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "shengyuan xu",
                "org": "nanjing university of science and technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "nS5nSqWr": {
        "id": "nS5nSqWr",
        "title": "Estimation and synthesis of reachable set for switched linear systems",
        "abstract": "This paper focuses on the problems of reachable set estimation and state-feedback controller design for discrete-time switched linear systems under bounded peak disturbances. For the reachable set estimation problem, a Lyapunov-based inequality is developed based on the multiple Lyapunov strategy. By choosing appropriate Lyapunov functions, the ellipsoidal reachable set estimation conditions of discrete-time switched linear systems are obtained. In order to make the estimated ellipsoids as small as possible, three optimization approaches are proposed. Specifically, the Genetic Algorithm is used to search for the optimal parameters satisfying the obtained reachable set estimation conditions. In addition, the state-feedback controller design problem for discrete-time switched linear systems is considered. The function of the controller is to manipulate the reachable set of the closed-loop system to lie within a given ellipsoid or make the reachable set small. Finally, the effectiveness of the obtained results is verified through some numerical examples.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bounded peak disturbances",
            "Discrete-time switched linear systems",
            "Genetic Algorithm (GA)",
            "Linear matrix inequality (LMI)",
            "Reachable set estimation",
            "State-feedback control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoyong Zhang",
                "org": "School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Automatica",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "sNAjZkId": {
        "id": "sNAjZkId",
        "title": "Observer-based controller synthesis for discrete systems under bounded peak disturbances: Convergence within ellipsoids",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "Panshuo Li",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yugang Niu",
                "org": "east china university of science and technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACC",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "GejGjYco": {
        "id": "GejGjYco",
        "title": "Corrigendum to \"On reachable sets for positive linear systems under constrained exogenous inputs\" [Automatica 74 (2016) 230-237].",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Baozhu Du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhan Shu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Automatica",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "tDnvColv": {
        "id": "tDnvColv",
        "title": "L∞-gain analysis for positive singular time-delay systems.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   This paper is devoted to the characterization of  L  ∞ -gain for positive singular systems with time-varying delays. First, we introduce an augmented system to replace the original system in order to analyze the positivity of singular systems with time-varying delays. By investigating the monotonicity of state trajectory, the  L  ∞ -gain for singular system with constant delays is characterized. Then, by comparing the trajectories of time-varying delay system and constant delay case, we finally propose the  L  ∞ -gain for singular system with time-varying delays. It is shown that the  L  ∞ -gain of positive singular systems is independent of the magnitude of delays.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yukang Cui",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiguang Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "J. Franklin Institute",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "WGLyXiIi": {
        "id": "WGLyXiIi",
        "title": "Admissibility analysis of singular time-delay systems via delta operator approach",
        "abstract": "This work is devoted to the admissibility analysis for singular time-delay systems by using delta operator approach. By estimating the delay term with a two-term approximation, the singular system in delta operator domain is transformed into an interconnection of a time-invariant subsystem with constant delay and a uncertain one. By resorting to the input-output approach, a delay-range-dependent admissibility criterion for the singular time-delay system in delta operator domain is obtained. By adding a triple-summation term to the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, the results are shown less conservative. Several examples are used to explicitly manifest the advantage of the given criterion.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yukang Cui",
                "org": "College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060 Shenzhen, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhiguang Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "chinese automation congress",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "5v4gQEgG": {
        "id": "5v4gQEgG",
        "title": "Stability and L 2 -gain analysis of periodic piecewise linear systems",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "linear systems",
            "asymptotic stability",
            "switches"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "panshuo li",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "james lam",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "kie chung cheung",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yugang niu",
                "org": "east china university of science and technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "advances in computing and communications",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "O2oof0oo": {
        "id": "O2oof0oo",
        "title": "Estimation and synthesis of reachable set for discrete‐time periodic systems",
        "abstract": "SummaryThis paper is concerned with the problems of reachable set estimation and synthesis for discrete-time periodic systems under bounded peak disturbances. For the reachable set estimation problem, the lifting approach and the pseudo-periodic Lyapunov function approach are utilized to determine the bounding ellipsoids for the reachable set. By using the lifting approach, the periodic system is transformed into several time-invariant systems; then, the bounding ellipsoids are determined through the transformed time-invariant systems. By applying the pseudo-periodic Lyapunov function approach, the bounding ellipsoids are determined through the original periodic system directly. Genetic algorithm is adopted in the pseudo-periodic Lyapunov function approach to search for the optimal value of the decision variables. Moreover, based on the reachable set estimation results, state-feedback controllers are designed for manipulating the reachable set. Finally, numerical examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical findings. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley u0026 Sons, Ltd.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "james lam",
                "org": "university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Optimal Control Applications & Methods",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "6Ymhaav5": {
        "id": "6Ymhaav5",
        "title": "Stability analysis for positive singular systems with distributed delays.",
        "abstract": "This paper is concerned with the stability analysis for continuous-time positive singular systems with distributed delays. By introducing an auxiliary system, a necessary and sufficient positivity condition is proposed for singular systems with distributed lags. Based on this condition, we present a sufficient stability condition for positive singular systems with distributed delays and extend the result to systems with distributed delays over a bounded time-varying interval. In addition, this stability condition is also necessary when strictly positive initial conditions are available. Numerical simulations are utilized to illustrate the effectiveness of our results.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yukang Cui",
                "org": "College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Automatica",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "NFYLwzkw": {
        "id": "NFYLwzkw",
        "title": "Switched systems approach to state bounding for time delay systems.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   This paper investigates the problems of reachable set estimation for dynamic systems with time-varying delay and random delay. Different from the traditional Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method, a switched systems approach is adopted to study the reachable set estimation problem for time-varying delay systems. Through augmentation, time-varying delay systems can be transformed into switched delay-free systems. The reachable set of a time-varying delay system is estimated based on its corresponding augmented switched system. The number of decision variables in the obtained reachable set estimation condition is small compared with the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method. In addition, the problem of mean square estimation of the system state for random delay systems is also studied. The effectiveness of the theoretical findings is verified through several simulation examples.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yukang Cui",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ka-Wai Kwok",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Inf. Sci.",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "qsd4s0fr": {
        "id": "qsd4s0fr",
        "title": "Reachable Set Estimation and Synthesis for Periodic Positive Systems.",
        "abstract": "This paper investigates the problems of reachable set estimation and synthesis for periodic positive systems with two different exogenous disturbances. The lifting method and the pseudoperiodic Lyapunov function method are adopted for the estimation problem. The reachable set bounding conditions are proposed by employing Lyapunov-based inequalities and the S-procedure technique. Two optimization methods are used to minimize the bounding hyper-pyramids of the reachable set. In addition, the state-feedback controller design conditions that make the reachable set of closed-loop systems lie within a given hyper-pyramid are derived. Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the validity of the obtained conditions.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "James Lam",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yukang Cui",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Shen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ka-Wai Kwok",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE transactions on cybernetics",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "xnGPmcPe": {
        "id": "xnGPmcPe",
        "title": "Reachable set estimation for discrete-time linear systems with time delays: REACHABLE SET ESTIMATION FOR DISCRETE-TIME LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH TIME DELAYS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "shengyuan xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "baoyong zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "james lam",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "vFlTrZg4": {
        "id": "vFlTrZg4",
        "title": "Asian America: Forming New Communities, Expanding Boundaries (review)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Asian American Studies",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "L4NCVrok": {
        "id": "L4NCVrok",
        "title": "Driven Out: The Forgotten War Against Chinese Americans. By Jean Pfaelzer (New York, Random House, 2007) 400 pp. $27.95 cloth $4.95 paper",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Interdisciplinary History",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "htnCOrW0": {
        "id": "htnCOrW0",
        "title": "Jews of the Pacific Coast: Reinventing Community on America's Edge, and: Cosmopolitans: A Social and Cultural History of the Jews of the San Francisco Bay Area (review)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American Jewish History",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "Z4K9xW0Q": {
        "id": "Z4K9xW0Q",
        "title": "The Expanding Roles of Chinese Americans in U.S.-China Relations: Transnational Networks and Trans-Pacific Interactions . Edited by Peter H. Koehn and Xiao-huang Yin. Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 2002. xi, 311 pp. $66.95 (cloth).",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of Asian Studies",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "8ELCGdfu": {
        "id": "8ELCGdfu",
        "title": "Pacific Crossing: California Gold, Chinese Migration, and the Making of Hong Kong . By Elizabeth Sinn. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2013. xviii, 454 pp. $45.00 (cloth).",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Journal of Asian Studies",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "U5hcfV9f": {
        "id": "U5hcfV9f",
        "title": "Chinese Americans and the Politics of Race and Culture (review)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American Studies",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "jiyhSjfL": {
        "id": "jiyhSjfL",
        "title": "Review of Aarim-Heriot, Chinese Immigrants, African Americans, and Racial Anxiety in the United States, 1848-82",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pacific Historical Review",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "VDGIqULK": {
        "id": "VDGIqULK",
        "title": "Driven Out: The Forgotten War Against Chinese Americans (review)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of california irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Interdisciplinary History",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Kiw74PWa": {
        "id": "Kiw74PWa",
        "title": "The Internal Origins of Chinese Emigration to California Reconsidered",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of California at Irvine. The author thanks Gary Y. Okihiro, Karl Hufbauer, John Liu, Spencer Olin, Kenneth Pameranz, Anne Walthal, and Bin Wong."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Western Historical Quarterly",
        "year": 1997
    },
    "cE8IEpR1": {
        "id": "cE8IEpR1",
        "title": "Nayan Shah. Contagious Divides: Epidemics and Race in San Francisco's Chinatown. (American Crossroads, number 7.) Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 2001. Pp. xiv, 384. Cloth $50.00, paper $19.95",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of California, Irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The American Historical Review",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "40Yg5mo3": {
        "id": "40Yg5mo3",
        "title": "Understanding Chinese American Participation in U. S. Political Process in Historical and Transnational Perspectives",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Historical Review",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "MCuiNMMA": {
        "id": "MCuiNMMA",
        "title": "Judy Tzu‐Chun Wu. Doctor Mom Chung of the Fair‐Haired Bastards: The Life of a Wartime Celebrity .:Doctor Mom Chung of the Fair‐Haired Bastards: The Life of a Wartime Celebrity",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The American Historical Review",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "bKimhnMk": {
        "id": "bKimhnMk",
        "title": "Inside and Outside Chinatown: Chinese Elites in Exclusion Era California",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "kenneth h marcus",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Pacific Historical Review",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "WwVJKV7h": {
        "id": "WwVJKV7h",
        "title": "Xiaolan Bao - Holding Up More Than Half the Sky: Chinese Women GarmentWorkers in New York City, 1948–92; Moon-Kie Jung - Reworking Race: The Making ofHawaii’s Interracial Labor Movement",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "TRhFovra": {
        "id": "TRhFovra",
        "title": "Chop suey, USA : the story of Chinese food in America",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "1gbiQu8Y": {
        "id": "1gbiQu8Y",
        "title": "Impact of Asian American race on prostate cancer outcomes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "stephen a brassell",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "eliza m raymundo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianxin zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "q1TuAvJJ": {
        "id": "q1TuAvJJ",
        "title": "Shopping at Giant Foods: Chinese American Supermarkets in Northern California . By Alfred Yee. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2003. xi + 193 pp. Index, notes, bibliography, photographs. Cloth, $35.00. ISBN 0-295-98304-3.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Business History Review",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "s6bCI8MG": {
        "id": "s6bCI8MG",
        "title": "Holding Up More Than Half the Sky: Chinese Women Garment Workers in New York City, 1948–92 . By Xiaolan Bao. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2006. xvi + 330 pp. Index, notes, bibliography, tables, illustrations. Cloth, $44.95; paper, $22.00. ISBN: cloth, 0-252-02631-4; paper, 0-252-07350-9.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Business History Review",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "ZkLsmn3C": {
        "id": "ZkLsmn3C",
        "title": "Alien Nation: Chinese Migration in the Americas from the Coolie Era through World War II . By Elliott Young.",
        "abstract": "Alien Nation: Chinese Migration in the Americas from the Coolie Era through World War II . David J. Weber Series in the New Borderlands History. By Elliott Young. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014. xvii + 360 pp. Illustrations, maps, tables, charts, notes, bibliography, index. $29.95, paper.)This is a fruitfully ambitious attempt to understand Chinese migration to important destinations in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Peru, and Cuba in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.Its remarkably extensive scope represents a pathbreaking contribution, as an international perspective helps readers understand the varied experiences of Chinese immigrants in different countries. For example, while the Chinese became victims of nationalistic xenophobia in Mexico, their compatriots’ disproportionate participation in the wars of independence “helped to mitigate the most virulent expressions of racism” in Cuba (p. 13). But this book is not merely a traditional comparative study. Rather, …   y3chen{at}uci.edu",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of California, Irvine"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Western Historical Quarterly",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "7xFbSfCU": {
        "id": "7xFbSfCU",
        "title": "Diana L. Ahmad. The Opium Debate and Chinese Exclusion Laws in the Nineteenth‐Century American West .:The Opium Debate and Chinese Exclusion Laws in the Nineteenth‐Century American West",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The American Historical Review",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "XVSt3Kj2": {
        "id": "XVSt3Kj2",
        "title": "The Expanding Roles of Chinese Americans in U.S.-China Relations: Transnational Networks and Trans-Pacific Interactions",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Peter H. Koehn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-huang Yin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Asian Studies",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "QFNt7518": {
        "id": "QFNt7518",
        "title": "Elements loss analysis based on spectral diagnosis in laser-arc hybrid welding of aluminum alloy",
        "abstract": "Aluminum alloy has been widely used in automobiles, high-speed trains, aerospace and many other fields. The loss of elements during welding process causes welding defects and affects the microstructure and properties of the joints. This paper discusses the correlation between welding process, spectral intensity and loss of elements in laser-arc hybrid welding of Al alloys. The results show that laser power and arc current have a significant impact on the spectral intensity and loss of elements. Compared with the base metal, the contents of alloying elements in the weld area are lower. The burning losses of alloy elements increase with the welding heat input.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Minhao Zhu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Tao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shen Lin",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Modern Physics B",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "s64G18Ss": {
        "id": "s64G18Ss",
        "title": "Microstructure evolution and crack propagation feature in thermal fatigue of laser-deposited Stellite 6 coating for brake discs",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In order to reveal the mechanism of microstructure evolution and crack propagation in laser-deposited Stellite 6 alloys, a quenching thermal fatigue test was conducted. Various detection methods were applied to observe differences between the coatings as deposited and after thermal fatigue. The results showed that the  γ  →  e  martensitic transformation occurred in the as-deposited  γ -Co matrix during the thermal fatigue process, driven by a fast cooling and thermal stress. The generated  e -Co phase presented variant selection, obeying Schmidtu0027s law. In the  e -Co phase, the slip activity derived from different       1    1    1    γ      1    1      2   ¯     γ     slipping systems that produced stacking faults and planar defects during the phase transformation. In addition, the stacking faults on {1 1 1}  γ   planes promoted the precipitation of directional M 7 C 3  fine particle carbides. The net-like eutectic structures and  γ / e  interfaces acted as paths for thermal crack propagation.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Wu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Liu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyu Li",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Yi",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Surface & Coatings Technology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "GfzO5C2Y": {
        "id": "GfzO5C2Y",
        "title": "Developing the ductility and thermal fatigue cracking property of laser-deposited Stellite 6 coatings by adding titanium and nickel",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A design strategy is presented for the development of a laser-deposited Stellite 6 coating with high ductility and low thermal fatigue crack propagation rate. The strategy involved adding titanium to modify carbide morphology, accompanied by an increase in the nickel content to stabilize the γ-Co phase in the matrix. The molar ratios of the titanium to the carbon in coatings were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0. The amount of nickel added to the titanium-modified coatings was 10 and 20 wt%. The net-like M 23 C 6  eutectic carbides in the Stellite 6 coating transformed to isolated TiC particles with increasing molar ratio of titanium to carbon. Adding nickel to the coatings resulted in an increase in the stacking fault energy and the stabilization of the γ-Co phase. Accordingly, the ductility increased with increasing nickel concentration. The modified coating, named 1.0Ti20Ni, in which the molar ratio of titanium to carbon was 1.0 and the nickel concentration was 20 wt%, exhibited the highest elongation to fracture (~12%), along with a high strength (1230 MPa) in all coatings, Besides, the 1.0Ti20Ni coating revealed the lowest thermal fatigue crack propagation rate.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Wu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Liu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyu Li",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinyu Cao",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials & Design",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "2p3fxZPh": {
        "id": "2p3fxZPh",
        "title": "An investigation into the failure mechanism of severe abrasion of high-speed train brake discs on snowy days",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The brake discs of high-speed trains undergo severe abrasion on snowy days, which damages the safety of railway transportation. In the present paper, the mechanism leadinig to severe abrasion failure of brake discs in snowy days was determined. The microstructure and morphology of the scrap, damaged brake discs and pads were examined. The chemical composition of scrap surfaces was investigated. The ice wrapping the pads was collected and the inclusion in the ice was inspected. Moreover, camera surveillance was used to record the braking process on snowy days. Based on the results, a model for illustrating the severe abrasion process of brake discs was established. The hard particles in the ice wrapping brake pads scratched the brake disc and generated some swarf in the beginning. The swarf stacked and worked as abrasive material to gouge the brake discs, causing the severe abrasion failure finally. To demonstrate the model, reduced scale dynamo tests were carried out to simulate the severe abrasion according to speculation of the model, and similar results consistent with the actual situation were obtained.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Wu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Liu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Di Xie",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu 610031, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Engineering Failure Analysis",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "9cvxnLfA": {
        "id": "9cvxnLfA",
        "title": "Switching strategy design for a 2D torsional MEMS micromirror with sidewall electrodes",
        "abstract": "In this paper, we study the switching strategy design for the tilt angle of a 2-Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) torsional MEMS micromirror with sidewall electrodes. Under the switched linear system framework, we first reveal that the subsystems of the switched system have different equilibriums. Then we design a periodic and synchronous switching strategy for the system. Thus, for any desired point except the equilibriums, the convergence to a region around the point could be realizable. Furthermore, we design an observer for the system by considering the fact that the angular velocity of micromirror is difficult to available in practice. Such a designed observer can exponentially estimate the angular velocity and have a weak version of the separation property for switching and observer design.",
        "keywords": [
            "micro-optomechanical devices",
            "microelectrodes",
            "micromirrors",
            "microswitches",
            "2-degree-of-freedom torsional mems micromirror",
            "dof",
            "angular velocity estimation",
            "sidewall electrode",
            "switched linear system framework",
            "switching strategy design",
            "2d torsional mems micromirror",
            "switched linear system",
            "observer design",
            "periodic switching",
            "linear systems",
            "switches",
            "electrodes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "jun wu",
                "org": "foshan university"
            },
            {
                "name": "weijie sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongjun xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Control Conference",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "JEoUbVsm": {
        "id": "JEoUbVsm",
        "title": "The pH-responsive PacC transcription factor plays pivotal roles in virulence and patulin biosynthesis in Penicillium expansum.",
        "abstract": "The PacC (loss or reduction in phosphatase activity at acid but not at alkaline pH [Pac]) transcription factor regulates environmental adaptation, secondary metabolism and virulence in many fungal pathogens. Here, we report the functions of PacC in Penicillium expansum, a postharvest pathogenic fungus in horticultural crops, and ascertain that the gene expression and proteolytic processing of PePacC are strictly pH-dependent. Loss of PePacC resulted in an obvious decrease in growth and conidiation of P. expansum cultured in both acidic and alkaline conditions. The ΔPePacC mutant lost the ability of patulin production at pH values above 6.0 because expressions of all the genes in patulin cluster were significantly down-regulated. Additionally, virulence of the ΔPePacC mutant was obviously reduced in pear and apple fruits. Proteome analysis revealed that PePacC could function as an activator or repressor for different target proteins, including calreticulin (PeCRT) and sulfate adenylyltransferase (PeSAT), which were further proved to be involved in virulence of P. expansum. Our results demonstrate important roles for PePacC in patulin biosynthesis via limiting expressions of the genes in the cluster, and in pathogenesis via mediating a known virulence factor glucose oxidase (PeGOD) and new virulence factors, such as PeCRT and PeSAT. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Boqiang Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodi Xu",
                "org": "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanquan Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiping Tian",
                "org": "Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116600, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental microbiology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "RJZIkU5g": {
        "id": "RJZIkU5g",
        "title": "Influence of Oxidative Stress on Biocontrol Activity of Cryptococcus laurentii against Blue Mold on Peach Fruit.",
        "abstract": "The limitations of chemical fungicides for the control of postharvest diseases have recently become more apparent. The utilization of antagonistic microorganisms is a promising alternative to that of fungicides to control postharvest decay. In previous studies, the antagonistic yeast  has shown excellent effects of biocontrol and great potential for practical application. Adverse conditions, such as oxidative stress, limit the practical application of antagonistic yeast. In this study, we investigated the oxidative stress tolerance of  and the associated mechanisms. The results indicated that exogenous oxidative stress has a significant effect on the viability and biocontrol efficiency of . HO-induced oxidative stress led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The results of flow cytometric analysis suggested that apoptosis is responsible for the reduced survival rate of  under oxidative stress. Using tests of antioxidant activity, we found that  could employ enzymatic systems to resist exogenous oxidative stress. The addition of exogenous glutathione, a non-enzymatic antioxidant, to the media can significantly enhance oxidative tolerance and biocontrol efficiency of .",
        "keywords": [
            "Cryptococcus laurentii",
            "antioxidant systems",
            "apoptosis",
            "biocontrol",
            "glutathione",
            "oxidative stress"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhanquan Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Boqiang Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang He",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiping Tian",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in microbiology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "yoqfTkGv": {
        "id": "yoqfTkGv",
        "title": "Dissection of patulin biosynthesis, spatial control and regulation mechanism in Penicillium expansum.",
        "abstract": "The patulin biosynthesis is one of model pathways in an understanding of secondary metabolite biology and network novelties in fungi. However, molecular regulation mechanism of patulin biosynthesis and contribution of each gene related to the different catalytic enzymes in the biochemical steps of the pathway remain largely unknown in fungi. In this study, the genetic components of patulin biosynthetic pathway were systematically dissected in Penicillium expansum, which is an important fungal pathogen and patulin producer in harvested fruits and vegetables. Our results revealed that all the 15 genes in the cluster are involved in patulin biosynthesis. Proteins encoded by those genes are compartmentalized in various subcellular locations, including cytosol, nucleus, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, and cell wall. The subcellular localizations of some proteins, such as PatE and PatH, are required for the patulin production. Further, the functions of 8 enzymes in the 10-step patulin biosynthetic pathway were verified in P. expansum. Moreover, velvet family proteins, VeA, VelB and VelC, were proved to be involved in the regulation of patulin biosynthesis, but not VosA. These findings provide a thorough understanding of the biosynthesis pathway, spatial control and regulation mechanism of patulin in fungi. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Boqiang Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanyuan Zong",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanjiao Shang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanquan Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodi Xu",
                "org": "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Wang",
                "org": "University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Manyuan Long",
                "org": "Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiping Tian",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian, 116600, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental microbiology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "YL0hvbmB": {
        "id": "YL0hvbmB",
        "title": "Influence of Oxidative Stress on Biocontrol Activity of Cryptococcus laurentii against Blue Mold on Peach Fruit.",
        "abstract": "The limitations of chemical fungicides for the control postharvest diseases have recently become more apparent. The utilization of antagonistic microorganisms is a promising alternative to that of fungicides to control postharvest decay. In previous studies, the antagonistic yeast Cryptococcus laurentii has shown excellent effects of biocontrol and great potential for practical application. Adverse conditions, such as oxidative stress, limit the practical application of antagonistic yeast. In this study, we investigated the oxidative stress tolerance of C. laurentii and the associated mechanisms. The results indicated that exogenous oxidative stress has a significant effect on the viability and biocontrol efficiency of C. laurentii. H2O2-induced oxidative stress led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The results of flow cytometric analysis suggested that apoptosis is responsible for the reduced survival rate of C. laurentii under oxidative stress. Using tests of antioxidant activity, we found that C. laurentii could employ enzymatic systems to resist exogenous oxidative stress. The addition of exogenous glutathione, a non-enzymatic antioxidant, to the media can significantly enhance oxidative tolerance and biocontrol efficiency of C. laurentii.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhanquan Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Boqiang Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chang He",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiping Tian",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in Microbiology",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "mtE98V9h": {
        "id": "mtE98V9h",
        "title": "Biodegradation Mechanisms of Patulin in Candida guilliermondii: An iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis",
        "abstract": "Patulin, a potent mycotoxin, contaminates fruits and derived products worldwide, and is a serious health concern. Several yeast strains have shown the ability to effectively degrade patulin. However, the mechanisms of its biodegradation still remain unclear at this time. In the present study, biodegradation and involved mechanisms of patulin by an antagonistic yeast Candida guilliermondii were investigated. The results indicated that C. guilliermondii was capable of not only multiplying to a high population in medium containing patulin, but also effectively reducing patulin content in culture medium. Degradation of patulin by C. guilliermondii was dependent on the yeast cell viability, and mainly occurred inside cells. E-ascladiol was the main degradation product of patulin. An iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis revealed that the responses of C. guilliermondii to patulin were complex. A total of 30 differential proteins involved in 10 biological processes were identified, and more than two-thirds of the differential proteins were down-accumulated. Notably, a short-chain dehydrogenase (gi|190348612) was markedly induced by patulin at both the protein and mRNA levels. Our findings will provide a foundation to help enable the commercial development of an enzyme formulation for the detoxification of patulin in fruit-derived products.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huaimin Peng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Boqiang Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Man-Yuan Long",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiping Tian",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Toxins",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "QW8tCd6R": {
        "id": "QW8tCd6R",
        "title": "A Tomato Vacuolar Invertase Inhibitor Mediates Sucrose Metabolism and Influences Fruit Ripening",
        "abstract": "Fruit ripening is a complex process that involves a series of physiological and biochemical changes that ultimately influence fruit quality traits, such as color and flavor. Sugar metabolism is an important factor in ripening, and there is evidence that it influences various aspects of ripening, although the associated mechanism is not well understood. In this study, we identified and analyzed the expression of 36 genes involved in Suc metabolism in ripening tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) fruit. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and gel mobility shift assays indicated that  SlVIF , which encodes a vacuolar invertase inhibitor, and  SlVI , encoding a vacuolar invertase, are directly regulated by the global fruit ripening regulator RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN). Moreover, we showed that SlVIF physically interacts with SlVI to control Suc metabolism. Repression of  SlVIF  by RNA interference delayed tomato fruit ripening, while overexpression of  SlVIF  accelerated ripening, with concomitant changes in lycopene production and ethylene biosynthesis. An isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based quantitative proteomic analysis further indicated that the abundance of a set of proteins involved in fruit ripening was altered by suppressing  SlVIF  expression, including proteins associated with lycopene generation and ethylene synthesis. These findings provide evidence for the role of Suc in promoting fruit ripening and establish that  SlVIF  contributes to fruit quality and the RIN-mediated ripening regulatory mechanisms, which are of significant agricultural value.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guozheng Qin",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China (G.Q., Z.Z., W.W., J.C., Y.C., S.T.)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhu Zhu",
                "org": "Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weihao Wang",
                "org": "Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianghua Cai",
                "org": "Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "USDA-ARS"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiping Tian",
                "org": "Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Plant Physiology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Ff1hCGOA": {
        "id": "Ff1hCGOA",
        "title": "Dissection of patulin biosynthesis, spatial control and regulation mechanism in Penicillium expansum: Pathway control of patulin biosynthesis",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Boqiang Li",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanyuan Zong",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanjiao Shang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhanquan Zhang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaodi Xu",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Wang",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Manyuan Long",
                "org": "Department of Ecology and Evolution; The University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois 60637 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shiping Tian",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Plant Resources; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100093 China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental Microbiology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "vxQlqlFS": {
        "id": "vxQlqlFS",
        "title": "Three dimensional printing of high dielectric capacitor using projection based stereolithography method",
        "abstract": "We report that efficient high dielectric polymer/ceramic composite materials can be optically printed into three-dimensional (3D) capacitor by the projection based stereolithography (SLA) method. Surface decoration of Ag on Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT@Ag) particles were used as filler to enhance the dielectric permittivity. Polymer nanocomposites were fabricated by incorporating PZT@Ag particles into the photocurable polymer solutions, followed by exposure to the digitally controlled optical masks to generate 3D structures. The dielectric permittivity of Flex/PZT@Ag composite reaches as high as 120 at 100 Hz with 18 vol% filler, which is about 30 times higher than that of pure Flex. Furthermore, the dielectric loss is as low as 0.028 at 100 Hz. The results are in good agreement with the effective medium theory (EMT) model. The calculated specific capacitance of our 3D printed capacitor is about 63 F g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves indicate 3D printed capacitors possess low resistance and ideal capacitive properties. These results not only provide a tool to fabricate capacitor with complex shapes but lay the groundwork for creating highly efficient polymer-based composites via 3D printing method for electronic applications.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D printing",
            "Capacitor",
            "High dielectric permittivity",
            "Photopolymerization",
            "Comsol Multiphysics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, GER 201, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0193, United States;Department of Bioengineering and Division of Cardiology, University of California, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1600, United States;Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, GER 201, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0193, United States;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Benpeng Zhu",
                "org": "School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tzung Hsiai",
                "org": "Department of Bioengineering and Division of Cardiology, University of California, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1600, United States;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pin-I Wu",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, GER 201, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0193, United States;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Xiong",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Shi",
                "org": "Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, GER 201, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0193, United States;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States;"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano Energy",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "sNiaZonh": {
        "id": "sNiaZonh",
        "title": "Piezoelectric array for transducer application using additive manufacturing",
        "abstract": "Piezoelectric ceramic and the corresponding array are widely used in energy harvesting and ultrasonic application for the capabilities of converting compressive/tensile stresses to an electric charge, or vice versa. However, the need for a complex geometry of array is a major technical challenge for further application. To enable the fabrication of piezoelectric ceramics, additive manufacturing (AM) processes (3D printing technology) is expect. In this study, we propose a Mask-Image-Projection-based Stereolithography (MIP-SL) technology to print piezoelectric-composite slurry with BaTiO 3  particles into different arrays. After post-process, the printed arrays display piezoelectric properties that can be used in ultrasonic application.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiangguo Jiang",
                "org": "School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kexin Wang",
                "org": "International Department, The Affiliated High School of South China Normal University, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shanghua Wu",
                "org": "School of Electro-Mechanical, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Dpartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "internaltional ultrasonics symposium",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "L3gCvbpZ": {
        "id": "L3gCvbpZ",
        "title": "Recent Progress in Biomimetic Additive Manufacturing Technology: From Materials to Functional Structures",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3715 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089‐0192 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University at Buffalo The State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3715 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089‐0192 USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "Z8sI7qFf": {
        "id": "Z8sI7qFf",
        "title": "Electrically assisted 3D printing of nacre-inspired structures with self-sensing capability.",
        "abstract": "Lightweight and strong structural materials attract much attention due to their strategic applications in sports, transportation, aerospace, and biomedical industries. Nacre exhibits high strength and toughness from the brick-and-mortar-like structure. Here, we present a route to build nacre-inspired hierarchical structures with complex three-dimensional (3D) shapes by electrically assisted 3D printing. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNs) are aligned by the electric field (433 V/cm) during 3D printing and act as bricks with the polymer matrix in between as mortar. The 3D-printed nacre with aligned GNs (2 weight %) shows lightweight property (1.06 g/cm) while exhibiting comparable specific toughness and strength to the natural nacre. In addition, the 3D-printed lightweight smart armor with aligned GNs can sense its damage with a hesitated resistance change. This study highlights interesting possibilities for bioinspired structures, with integrated mechanical reinforcement and electrical self-sensing capabilities for biomedical applications, aerospace engineering, as well as military and sports armors.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Chu",
                "org": "Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haofan Sun",
                "org": "Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Jin",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kunhao Yu",
                "org": "Sonny Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiming Wang",
                "org": "Sonny Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Science advances",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "Yw5EQ8Qh": {
        "id": "Yw5EQ8Qh",
        "title": "Electrochemically assisted fabrication of metal atomic wires and molecular junctions by MCBJ and STM-BJ methods.",
        "abstract": "Atomic wires (point contacts) and molecular junctions are two fundamental units in the fields of nanoelectronics and devices. This Minireview introduces our recent approaches aiming to develop versatile methods to fabricate and characterize these unique metallic and molecular structures reliably. Electrochemical methods are coupled with mechanically controllable break junction (EC-MCBJ) or scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) break junction (EC-STMBJ) methods to fabricate metallic point contacts and metal/molecule/metal junctions. With the designed electrodeposition method, the metal of interest (e.g. Au, Cu, Fe or Pd) is deposited in a controlled way on the original electrode pair, on a chip for MCBJ or on the STM tip, to make the metallic contact. Then, various metal atomic wires and molecular junctions can be fabricated and characterized systematically. Herein, we measured the quantized conductance through the construction of histograms of these metal atomic point contacts and of single molecules including benzene-1,4-dithiol (BDT), ferrocene-bisvinylphenylmethyl dithiol (Fc-VPM), 4,4'-bipyridine (BPY), 1,2-di(pyridin-4-yl)ethene (BPY-EE), and 1,2-di(pyridin-4-yl)ethane (BPY-EA). Finally, we briefly discussed the future of EC-MCBJ and EC-STM for nanoelectronics and devices, for example, for the formation of heterogeneous metal-based atomic point contacts and molecular junctions.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing-Hua Tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Shun Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bernd Schöllhorn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Emmanuel Maisonhaute",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao-Bin Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang-Zu Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Christian Amatore",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing-Wei Mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Qun Tian",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "mJBtgnrY": {
        "id": "mJBtgnrY",
        "title": "The fabrication and characterization of adjustable nanogaps between gold electrodes on chip for electrical measurement of single molecules.",
        "abstract": "This work reports on a new method to fabricate mechanically controllable break junctions (MCBJ) with finely adjustable nanogaps between two gold electrodes on solid state chips for characterizing electron transport properties of single molecules. The simple, low cost, robust and reproducible fabrication method combines conventional photolithography, chemical etching and electrodeposition to produce suspended electrodes separated with nanogaps. The MCBJ devices fabricated by the method can undergo many cycles in which the nanogap width can be precisely and repeatedly varied from zero to several nanometers. The method improves the success rate of the MCBJ experiments. Using these devices the electron transport properties of a typical molecular system, commercially available benzene-1,4-dithiol (BDT), have been studied. The I-V and G-V characteristic curves of BDT and the conductance value for a single BDT molecule established the excellent device suitability for molecular electronics research.",
        "keywords": [
            "molecular electronics",
            "chip",
            "electron transport"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing-Hua Tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bernd Schöllhorn",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "De-Yin Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Emmanuel Maisonhaute",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Anna Serra Muns",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Christian Amatore",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Nong-Jian Tao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhong-Qun Tian",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanotechnology",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "slh4taTd": {
        "id": "slh4taTd",
        "title": "3D printing of piezoelectric element for energy focusing and ultrasonic sensing",
        "abstract": "Piezoelectric ceramics are currently of considerable interest for their capabilities of converting compressive/tensile stresses to an electric charge, or vice versa. Because ceramics cannot be cast and machined easily, additive manufacturing (AM) processes (3D printing technology) open an effective pathway in geometrical flexibility. However, the piezoelectric properties limit the application of printed ceramics. This work demonstrates that a piezoelectric-composite slurry with BaTiO3 nanoparticles (100 nm) can be 3D printed using Mask-Image-Projection-based Stereolithography (MIP-SL) technology. After a post-process, the density of 5.64 g/cm3 was obtained, which corresponds to 93.7% of the density of bulk BaTiO3 (6.02 g/cm3). The printed ceramic exhibits a piezoelectric constant and relative permittivity of 160 pCN−1 and 1350 respectively. An ultrasonic transducer with printing focused piezoelectric element was fabricated to realize the energy focusing and ultrasonic sensing. A 6.28 MHz ultrasonic scan was achieved by the transducer and successfully visualized the structure of a porcine eyeball.",
        "keywords": [
            "Additive manufacturing",
            "Piezoelectric materials",
            "Ultrasonic transducer",
            "Ultrasonic imaging"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China;Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liwen Lei",
                "org": "School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoyang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunlong Fei",
                "org": "Department of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi\\u2019an, Shanxi 710071, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi Tat Chiu",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Qian",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Teng Ma",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano Energy",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "uegHqiw4": {
        "id": "uegHqiw4",
        "title": "Biomimetics: Biomimetic Anisotropic Reinforcement Architectures by Electrically Assisted Nanocomposite 3D Printing (Adv. Mater. 11/2017)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuofeng Zhang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3715 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089‐01932 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3715 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089‐01932 USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Vpbz13Zw": {
        "id": "Vpbz13Zw",
        "title": "Flexible piezoelectric ultrasonic energy harvester array for bio-implantable wireless generator",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Ultrasonic driven wireless charging technology has recently attracted much attention in the next generation bio-implantable systems; however, most developed ultrasonic energy harvesters are bulky and rigid and cannot be applied to general complex surfaces. Here, a flexible piezoelectric ultrasonic energy harvester (PUEH) array was designed and fabricated by integrating a large number of piezoelectric active elements with multilayered flexible electrodes in an elastomer membrane. The developed flexible PUEH device can be driven by the ultrasonic wave to produce continuous voltage and current outputs on both planar and curved surfaces, reaching output signals of more than 2 Vpp and 4 µA, respectively. Potential applications of using the flexible PUEH to charge energy-storage devices and power commercial electronics were demonstrated. Its low attenuation performance was also evaluated using the in vitro test of transmitting power through pork tissue, demonstrating its potential use in the next generation of wirelessly powered bio-implantable micro-devices.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Laiming Jiang",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Laiming Jiang",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ruimin Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gengxi Lu",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Runze Li",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Di Li",
                "org": "School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark S. Humayun",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianguo Zhu",
                "org": "College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nano Energy",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "aFKF453L": {
        "id": "aFKF453L",
        "title": "Electrochemically Controllable Conjugation of Proteins on Surfaces",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Paula M. Mendes",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Karen L. Christman",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Puru Parthasarathy",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Eric Schopf",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianyong Ouyang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jon A. Preece",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Heather D. Maynard",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "J. Fraser Stoddart",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioconjugate Chemistry",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "LWOzPHap": {
        "id": "LWOzPHap",
        "title": "Handwritten character recognition based on compressive sensing: Handwritten character recognition based on compressive sensing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "compressed sensing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chang-hong LIU",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang YANG",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong CHEN",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computer Applications",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "YAOGxcye": {
        "id": "YAOGxcye",
        "title": "Multi-focused acoustic holograms by 3D printing",
        "abstract": "The focused ultrasound (FUS) systems are widely used due to their ability to generate a tight and intense focal region from a distributed source for the non-invasive and safely detection. However, these devices usually require elaborate arrays of a rather complex and cumbersome set of transducers. Holographic techniques are fundamental to applications such as volumetric displays and tweezers. The monolithic acoustic holograms can reconstruct diffraction-limited acoustic pressure fields and arbitrary ultrasound beams.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhang",
                "org": "Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China, People's Republic of"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering, UNIVERSITY OF southern california, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Industrial and Systems Engineering, UNIVERSITY OF southern california, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Jin",
                "org": "Industrial and Systems Engineering, UNIVERSITY OF southern california, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering, UNIVERSITY OF southern california, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Industrial and Systems Engineering, UNIVERSITY OF southern california, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering, UNIVERSITY OF southern california, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "internaltional ultrasonics symposium",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "GGGClQug": {
        "id": "GGGClQug",
        "title": "3D printing of piezoelectric transducer/array for ultrasonic imaging",
        "abstract": "Piezoelectric ceramics are currently of considerable interest for their capabilities of converting compressive/tensile stresses to an electric charge, or vice versa. The applications of piezoelectric devises are far reaching, ranging from acoustic imaging to energy harvesting. However, conventional manufacturing processes such as etching and dicing for piezoelectric ceramics fabrication have limited capability of achieving complex geometry. Because ceramics cannot be cast and machined easily, additive manufacturing (AM) processes (3D printing technology) are considered as a promising way in novel piezoelectric devices. This article presents piezoelectric element/array with complex geometry, fabricated by Mask-Image-Projection-based Stereolithography (MIP-SL) technology.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. K. Shung",
                "org": "University of Southern California, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "internaltional ultrasonics symposium",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "X3gfnifh": {
        "id": "X3gfnifh",
        "title": "Three-Dimensional Printed Piezoelectric Array for Improving Acoustic Field and Spatial Resolution in Medical Ultrasonic Imaging.",
        "abstract": "Piezoelectric arrays are widely used in non-destructive detecting, medical imaging and therapy. However, limited by traditional manufacturing methods, the array's element is usually designed in simple geometry such as a cube or rectangle, restricting potential applications of the array. This work demonstrates an annular piezoelectric array consisting of different concentric elements printed by Mask-Image-Projection-based Stereolithography (MIP-SL) technology. The printed array displays stable piezoelectric and dielectric properties. Compared to a traditional single element transducer, the ultrasonic transducer with printed array successfully modifies the acoustic beam and significantly improves spatial resolution.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D Printing",
            "piezoelectric array",
            "ultrasonic imaging",
            "ultrasonic transducer"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. zeyuchen@usc.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuejun Qian",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. xuejunqi@usc.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. xuan-song@uiowa.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiangguo Jiang",
                "org": "School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. qiangguojiang@gdut.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongji Huang",
                "org": "School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. rongji.huang@hotmail.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. yang610@usc.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Runze Li",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. runzeli@usc.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. kkshung@usc.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. yongchen@usc.edu."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. qifazhou@usc.edu."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Micromachines",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "Y0UmE5d4": {
        "id": "Y0UmE5d4",
        "title": "Superhydrophobicity: 3D‐Printed Biomimetic Super‐Hydrophobic Structure for Microdroplet Manipulation and Oil/Water Separation (Adv. Mater. 9/2018)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern California 3715 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089‐01932 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern California 3715 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089‐01932 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 3650 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 1042 Downey Way Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California 1042 Downey Way Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern California 3715 McClintock Ave Los Angeles CA 90089‐01932 USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "DeD2AaEd": {
        "id": "DeD2AaEd",
        "title": "3D Printing of Flexible Liquid Sensor Based on Swelling Behavior of Hydrogel with Carbon Nanotubes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089-01932 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089-01932 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Benshuai Xie",
                "org": "Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Chu",
                "org": "Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering & Material Science; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089-1211 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haofan Sun",
                "org": "Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering & Material Science; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089-1211 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Siyang Hao",
                "org": "Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089-01932 USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials and technologies",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "4lE8OdPF": {
        "id": "4lE8OdPF",
        "title": "Multifocal point beam forming by a single ultrasonic transducer with 3D printed holograms",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhang",
                "org": "School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Hubei, Wuhan 430072, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Benpeng Zhu",
                "org": "USC Roski Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Benpeng Zhu",
                "org": "USC Roski Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Jin",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "USC Roski Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Physics Letters",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "sWGGku1q": {
        "id": "sWGGku1q",
        "title": "3D-Printed Biomimetic Super-Hydrophobic Structure for Microdroplet Manipulation and Oil/Water Separation.",
        "abstract": "Biomimetic functional surfaces are attracting increasing attention for various technological applications, especially the superhydrophobic surfaces inspired by plant leaves. However, the replication of the complex hierarchical microstructures is limited by the traditional fabrication techniques. In this paper, superhydrophobic micro-scale artificial hairs with eggbeater heads inspired by Salvinia molesta leaf was fabricated by the Immersed surface accumulation three dimensional (3D) printing process. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes were added to the photocurable resins to enhance the surface roughness and mechanical strength of the microstructures. The 3D printed eggbeater surface reveals interesting properties in terms of superhydrophobilicity and petal effect. The results show that a hydrophilic material can macroscopically behave as hydrophobic if a surface has proper microstructured features. The controllable adhesive force (from 23 μN to 55 μN) can be easily tuned with different number of eggbeater arms for potential applications such as micro hand for droplet manipulation. Furthermore, a new energy-efficient oil/water separation solution based on our biomimetic structures was demonstrated. The results show that the 3D-printed eggbeater structure could have numerous applications, including water droplet manipulation, 3D cell culture, micro reactor, oil spill clean-up, and oil/water separation.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D printing",
            "biomimetic structures",
            "droplet manipulation",
            "oil/water separation",
            "super-hydrophobic structures"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-01932, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-01932, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Ova80pxg": {
        "id": "Ova80pxg",
        "title": "Piezoelectric component fabrication using projection-based stereolithography of barium titanate ceramic suspensions",
        "abstract": "PurposeConventional machining methods for fabricating piezoelectric components such as ultrasound transducer arrays are time-consuming and limited to relatively simple geometries. The purpose of this paper is to develop an additive manufacturing process based on the projection-based stereolithography process for the fabrication of functional piezoelectric devices including ultrasound transducers.Design/methodology/approachTo overcome the challenges in fabricating viscous and low-photosensitive piezocomposite slurry, the authors developed a projection-based stereolithography process by integrating slurry tape-casting and a sliding motion design. Both green-part fabrication and post-processing processes were studied. A prototype system based on the new manufacturing process was developed for the fabrication of green-parts with complex shapes and small features. The challenges in the sintering process to achieve desired functionality were also discussed.FindingsThe presented additive manufacturing process can achieve relatively dense piezoelectric components (approximately 95 per cent). The related property testing results, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, dielectric and ferroelectric properties as well as pulse-echo testing, show that the fabricated piezo-components have good potentials to be used in ultrasound transducers and other sensors/actuators.Originality/valueA novel bottom-up projection system integrated with tape casting is presented to address the challenges in the piezo-composite fabrication, including small curing depth and viscous ceramic slurry recoating. Compared with other additive manufacturing processes, this method can achieve a thin recoating layer (as small as 10 μm) of piezo-composite slurry and can fabricate green parts using slurries with significantly higher solid loadings. After post processing, the fabricated piezoelectric components become dense and functional.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Liwen Lei",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kirk Shung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Rapid Prototyping Journal",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "2cpiGR6c": {
        "id": "2cpiGR6c",
        "title": "Challenges and Status on Design and Computation for Emerging Additive Manufacturing Technologies",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yuen-Shan Leung",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tsz Ho Kwok",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Canada"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Charlie C.L. Wang",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, P.R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "9FnpvkTU": {
        "id": "9FnpvkTU",
        "title": "Ultrasound‐Induced Wireless Energy Harvesting for Potential Retinal Electrical Stimulation Application",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Laiming Jiang",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Laiming Jiang",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ruimin Chen",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Gengxi Lu",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Runze Li",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Xing",
                "org": "College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "K. Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mark S. Humayun",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianguo Zhu",
                "org": "College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Roski Eye Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Functional Materials",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "eDgIYSMY": {
        "id": "eDgIYSMY",
        "title": "Biomimetic Anisotropic Reinforcement Architectures by Electrically Assisted Nanocomposite 3D Printing.",
        "abstract": "Biomimetic architectures with Bouligand-type carbon nanotubes are fabricated by an electrically assisted 3D-printing method. The enhanced impact resistance is attributed to the energy dissipation by the rotating anisotropic layers. This approach is used to mimic the collagen-fiber alignment in the human meniscus to create a reinforced artificial meniscus with circumferentially and radially aligned carbon nanotubes.",
        "keywords": [
            "anisotropic properties",
            "artificial meniscus",
            "biomimetics",
            "electrically assisted 3D printing",
            "high impact resistance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-01932, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zeyu Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuofeng Zhang",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-01932, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Zhang",
                "org": "School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "K Kirk Shung",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qifa Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-01932, USA."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "LctbtykI": {
        "id": "LctbtykI",
        "title": "Four-Dimensional Printing: Design and Fabrication of Smooth Curved Surface Using Controlled Self-Folding",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dongping Deng",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial#N#and Systems Engineering,#N#University of Southern California,#N#Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tsz-Ho Kwok",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial#N#and Systems Engineering,#N#University of Southern California,#N#Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial#N#and Systems Engineering,#N#University of Southern California,#N#Los Angeles, CA 90089#N#e-mail:"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Mechanical Design",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "KlV7eMXz": {
        "id": "KlV7eMXz",
        "title": "Accurately controlled sequential self-folding structures by polystyrene film",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dongping Deng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Daniel J Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States of America"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing Lan",
                "org": "NG Next, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Redondo Beach, CA 90278, United States of America"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jesse Tice",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Smart Materials and Structures",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "llSeam2z": {
        "id": "llSeam2z",
        "title": "Four-Dimensional Printing for Freeform Surfaces: Design Optimization of Origami and Kirigami Structures",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "shape optimization",
            "approximation",
            "optimization",
            "manufacturing",
            "algorithms",
            "design",
            "shapes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tszho kwok",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": "the chinese university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "dongping deng",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yunbo zhang",
                "org": "purdue university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Mechanical Design",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "MnpgFWIS": {
        "id": "MnpgFWIS",
        "title": "A Mesh-Based Geometric Modeling Method for General Structures",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "geometric modeling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "uJq5FRnH": {
        "id": "uJq5FRnH",
        "title": "Origami-Based Self-Folding Structure Fabrication Based on 3D Printing on Polystyrene Films",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing",
            "additive manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dongping deng",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "uhe5Wobr": {
        "id": "uhe5Wobr",
        "title": "Effect of Meso‐Scale Geometry on Piezoelectric Performances of Additively Manufactured Flexible Polymer‐Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 Composites",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan-Zhou Ji",
                "org": "Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuo Wang",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Wang",
                "org": "Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tu Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Long-Qing Chen",
                "org": "Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Chen",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Engineering Materials",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "6MLhYGUZ": {
        "id": "6MLhYGUZ",
        "title": "Five-Axis Manufacturing Simulation Based on Normal Arc Mapping and Offset Volume Computation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing",
            "simulation",
            "computation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yongqiang li",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "uKZSPKsf": {
        "id": "uKZSPKsf",
        "title": "Regional Gene Therapy with 3D Printed Scaffolds to Heal Critical Sized Bone Defects in a Rat Model.",
        "abstract": "Regional gene therapy induced overexpression of BMP-2 via transduced RBMCs combined with an osteoconductive 3D printed TCP scaffold can heal a critically sized femoral defect in an animal model. The combination of regional gene therapy and 3D printed osteoconductive scaffolds has significant clinical potential to enhance bone regeneration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "3D printing",
            "bone",
            "regional gene therapy",
            "scaffold",
            "tissue engineering"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ram Alluri",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4513, Los Angeles, CA 90033."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": "Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The University of Iowa, 3016 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, IA 52242."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sofia Bougioukli",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4513, Los Angeles, CA 90033."
            },
            {
                "name": "William Pannell",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4513, Los Angeles, CA 90033."
            },
            {
                "name": "Venus Vakhshori",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4513, Los Angeles, CA 90033."
            },
            {
                "name": "Osamu Sugiyama",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4513, Los Angeles, CA 90033."
            },
            {
                "name": "Amy Tang",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4513, Los Angeles, CA 90033."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sang-Hyun Park",
                "org": "Orthopaedic Institute for Children, J. Vernon Luck. Sr. Orthopaedic Research Center, 403 W. Adams Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90007."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, GER 201, Los Angeles, CA 90089."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jay R Lieberman",
                "org": "Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 Biggy Street, NRT 4513, Los Angeles, CA 90033."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "I0EM6xjy": {
        "id": "I0EM6xjy",
        "title": "Origami-Based Self-Folding Structure Design and Fabrication Using Projection Based Stereolithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing",
            "deformation",
            "hinges",
            "design",
            "shapes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dongping deng",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Mechanical Design",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "illRfXOX": {
        "id": "illRfXOX",
        "title": "An Origami Inspired Additive Manufacturing Process for Building Thin-Shell Structures",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "additive manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dongping deng",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "E1Nn0EtA": {
        "id": "E1Nn0EtA",
        "title": "Development of a Low-Cost Parallel Kinematic Machine for Multidirectional Additive Manufacturing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "hardware",
            "lasers",
            "path planning",
            "design",
            "computer aided design",
            "manufacturing",
            "additive manufacturing",
            "simulation",
            "machinery",
            "nozzles",
            "calibration",
            "kinematics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xuan song",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": "university of illinois at chicago"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "UC3Zwcc5": {
        "id": "UC3Zwcc5",
        "title": "A Reverse Compensation Framework for Shape Deformation Control in Additive Manufacturing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kai Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tsz-Ho Kwok",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhengcai Zhao",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "x6vfw8um": {
        "id": "x6vfw8um",
        "title": "Joint Design for 3-D Printing Non-Assembly Mechanisms",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing",
            "design",
            "additive manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xuan song",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "wT8QnVgG": {
        "id": "wT8QnVgG",
        "title": "4D Printing: Design and Fabrication of 3D Shell Structures With Curved Surfaces Using Controlled Self-Folding",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "design",
            "shells",
            "manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "dongping deng",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "BHGuJYVu": {
        "id": "BHGuJYVu",
        "title": "Manufacturing Additively, With Fresh Concrete",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tony di carlo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "behrokh khoshnevis",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "zG5xvB2s": {
        "id": "zG5xvB2s",
        "title": "Modeling and Fabrication of Heterogeneous Three-Dimensional Objects Based on Additive Manufacturing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing",
            "additive manufacturing",
            "modeling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pu huang",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "dongping deng",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "M5Zpe7SZ": {
        "id": "M5Zpe7SZ",
        "title": "Direct Geometry Processing for Telefabrication",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "algorithms",
            "construction",
            "manufacturing",
            "additive manufacturing",
            "geometry",
            "machinery"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "kang li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoping qian",
                "org": "illinois institute of technology"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "vkBU4XCO": {
        "id": "vkBU4XCO",
        "title": "Multitool and Multi-Axis Computer Numerically Controlled Accumulation for Fabricating Conformal Features on Curved Surfaces",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "shapes",
            "manufacturing",
            "path planning"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": "university at buffalo"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "j partanen",
                "org": "aalto university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "hlaDKZpe": {
        "id": "hlaDKZpe",
        "title": "Optimized Mask Image Projection for Solid Freeform Fabrication",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "linear programming",
            "manufacturing",
            "optimization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "richard a waltz",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "9sxvoxIJ": {
        "id": "9sxvoxIJ",
        "title": "Digital mask-image-projection-based additive manufacturing that applies shearing force to detach each added layer",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "mXroy4G2": {
        "id": "mXroy4G2",
        "title": "Mass Customization: Reuse of Digital Slicing for Additive Manufacturing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tsz-Ho Kwok",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hang Ye",
                "org": "Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenyao Xu",
                "org": "Department of Computer Science and Engineering University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Jc4RCOmM": {
        "id": "Jc4RCOmM",
        "title": "Ultrasound Transducer Array Fabrication Based on Additive Manufacturing of Piezocomposites",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "ultrasonic transducers",
            "additive manufacturing",
            "manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hamid reza chabok",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "arash eskandarinazhad",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "qifa zhou",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "kirk k shung",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "gC5Rok9o": {
        "id": "gC5Rok9o",
        "title": "Fabrication of Conformal Ultrasound Transducer Arrays and Horns Based on Multi-Axis CNC Accumulation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "ultrasonic transducers",
            "manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "j partanen",
                "org": "aalto university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "CNUvRPdD": {
        "id": "CNUvRPdD",
        "title": "Additive Manufacturing Based on Multiple Calibrated Projectors and Its Mask Image Planning",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "additive manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ZJlU1XLI": {
        "id": "ZJlU1XLI",
        "title": "Computer numerical control (CNC) additive manufacturing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "rDvxuPP2": {
        "id": "rDvxuPP2",
        "title": "Meniscus process optimization for smooth surface fabrication in Stereolithography",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In the layer-based additive manufacturing processes, it is well known that the surface finish is usually poor due to the stair-stepping effect. In our previous study, it was shown that the meniscus approach can be used in the Stereolithography process to achieve much better surface finish. A related challenge is how to optimize parameters such that the formed meniscuses can lead to high surface finish and accurate shape. In this paper, a systematic process planning method is presented for the Stereolithography process that is integrated with the meniscus approach. Process planning, parameters characterization and meniscus parameters optimization are presented with experimental verifications. To demonstrate the systematic process, surface profile simulation, meniscus database construction, meniscus forming parameter optimization, and shape accuracy prediction have been performed using a test case based on convex surfaces. A comparison between the experimental results with and without the process planning method is presented, illustrating the effectiveness of the developed meniscus optimization method in simultaneously controlling the shape and surface finish of fabricated objects. Subsequently the simulation results are also verified with experimental results.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yayue Pan",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St., ERF 2039, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave., GER 240, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Additive manufacturing",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "bbWvp6UB": {
        "id": "bbWvp6UB",
        "title": "Smooth surface fabrication in mask projection based stereolithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "additive manufacturing",
            "surface finish"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xuejin zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "r4tMNnOf": {
        "id": "r4tMNnOf",
        "title": "Design of Flexible Skin for Target Displacements Based on Meso-Structures",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "skin",
            "design"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yongqiang li",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "DUgf3lRE": {
        "id": "DUgf3lRE",
        "title": "Rapid Manufacturing in Minutes: The Development of a Mask Projection Stereolithography Process for High-Speed Fabrication",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "6v78uOPi": {
        "id": "6v78uOPi",
        "title": "A Fast Mask Projection Stereolithography Process for Fabricating Digital Models in Minutes",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "motion",
            "design",
            "force",
            "shapes",
            "manufacturing",
            "hardware"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "OmCBM1Q2": {
        "id": "OmCBM1Q2",
        "title": "A layerless additive manufacturing process based on CNC accumulation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "control systems",
            "control system",
            "physical model",
            "proof of concept",
            "fiber optic",
            "material properties",
            "three dimensional",
            "design methodology",
            "numerical control",
            "machine tools",
            "machine tool"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "jingyuan lao",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Rapid Prototyping Journal",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "B2mDS5Gp": {
        "id": "B2mDS5Gp",
        "title": "LISA: Linear immersed sweeping accumulation",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A novel additive manufacturing (AM) process named  linear immersed sweeping accumulation  (LISA) is presented in the paper. The LISA process utilizes a moving linear accumulation tool that is immersed in liquid resin to fabricate 3D objects line by line. The uniqueness of this AM process lies in three aspects: (1) the basic accumulation element in fabrication is a line segment, which is between a point-based laser spot and an area-based mask projection image. Compared to the fast building speed of the projection-based stereolithography (SL) and the high flexibility of the laser-based stereolithography, LISA can achieve a good balance between speed and flexibility; (2) the linear accumulation tool is driven by a computer numerical control (CNC) stage, which enables concurrent resin curing and recoating; in addition, (3) by incorporating 5-axis CNC motion and line-based material deposition, the LISA process can fabricate a 3D object with large fabrication volume and use a non-layer-based fabrication approach. In the paper, a linear light source that can be immersed in liquid resin and attached to a CNC stage is first presented. A sweeping path generation algorithm is then presented in order to build a 3D object line by line. An analysis model is also presented for the LISA process in order to guide the parameter settings and understand the limitations and improvements of the LISA process. Finally, several test cases have been performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the developed AM process.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Huachao Mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chi Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "sMHfGrTb": {
        "id": "sMHfGrTb",
        "title": "Smooth Surface Fabrication Based on Controlled Meniscus and Cure Depth in Microstereolithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manufacturing",
            "shapes",
            "computer aided design",
            "modeling",
            "respirators",
            "approximation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": "university of illinois at chicago"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "CnWcLg7a": {
        "id": "CnWcLg7a",
        "title": "Digital material fabrication using mask‐image‐projection‐based stereolithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "additive manufacturing",
            "polymers"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhigang yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "behrokh khoshnevis",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Rapid Prototyping Journal",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "PJfjgnQc": {
        "id": "PJfjgnQc",
        "title": "Additive manufacturing based on optimized mask video projection for improved accuracy and resolution",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "process optimization",
            "additive manufacturing"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "chi zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "Uqhsskeo": {
        "id": "Uqhsskeo",
        "title": "PROCESS PLANNING OF MENISCUS SHAPES FOR FABRICATING SMOOTH SURFACES IN MASK IMAGE PROJECTION BASED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yayue pan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "pwLi6KOV": {
        "id": "pwLi6KOV",
        "title": "Contouring of Structured Points With Small Features",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manifolds",
            "topology",
            "solids",
            "shells",
            "shapes",
            "computer aided design",
            "geometric modeling"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": "the chinese university of hong kong"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2010
    },
    "ZHi6xPS5": {
        "id": "ZHi6xPS5",
        "title": "Chapter 5 - Geometric Analysis and Computation Using Layered Depth-Normal Images for Three-Dimensional Microfabrication",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tszho kwok",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "YGPPYztm": {
        "id": "YGPPYztm",
        "title": "Algorithms for Layered Manufacturing in Image Space",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "7IkSW5mA": {
        "id": "7IkSW5mA",
        "title": "Metallic part fabrication using selective inhibition sintering (SIS)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "powder metallurgy",
            "metals"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "behrokh khoshnevis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mahdi yoozbashizadeh",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Rapid Prototyping Journal",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "rCsAxmSE": {
        "id": "rCsAxmSE",
        "title": "A structural topology design method based on principal stress line.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Topology optimization is an important topic in structural mechanics. One common application is to obtain the optimal distribution of material that maximizes the stiffness of the solution (minimize the compliance). However, as an iterative process, topology optimization of large and complex structures is computationally intensive. The problem becomes even more complicated if the manufacturing constraints are taken into account in the optimization process. In this paper, a novel growth method based on principal stress lines (PSLs) is presented for topology optimization. The PSLs are traced in the design domain along the direction of principal stresses, in which the materials would be located to define the geometry and topology of the structure. Consequently, the optimization problem is converted into a geometric design problem. Compared to previous methods, the computation based on PSLs is fast, and the designer can have explicit control over the number of structural members. In addition, the manufacturing constraints can easily be incorporated. Multiple test cases are given to illustrate the presented method. The PSL-based method is promising for building practical designing tools for various structural applications.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tsz-Ho Kwok",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongqiang Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Computer-Aided Design",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "GYTh8BvV": {
        "id": "GYTh8BvV",
        "title": "ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE WITH SNAP FITTED, NON-SLIDING ARCHWIRE",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "behrokh khoshnevis",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongsheng tong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "philong john pham",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "robert lee",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "3XxfVTzx": {
        "id": "3XxfVTzx",
        "title": "Regulating complex geometries using layered depth‐normal images for rapid prototyping and manufacturing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "computer aided design"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Rapid Prototyping Journal",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "hc3kJwoh": {
        "id": "hc3kJwoh",
        "title": "Thickening freeform surfaces for solid fabrication",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "3d"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Rapid Prototyping Journal",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "6XznZXyU": {
        "id": "6XznZXyU",
        "title": "Intersection-Free and Topologically Faithful Slicing of Implicit Solid",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "shapes",
            "solids",
            "topology",
            "approximation",
            "algorithms"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "45iKKjww": {
        "id": "45iKKjww",
        "title": "Shape Acquiring and Editing through an Augmented Reality based Computer-aided Design System",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cad",
            "augmented reality",
            "curve fitting"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongqiang li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Computer-aided Design and Applications",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "SdqTD5xt": {
        "id": "SdqTD5xt",
        "title": "Self-Intersection Free and Topologically Faithful Slicing of Implicit Solid",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pu huang",
                "org": "the chinese university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": "the chinese university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "qLZwceD2": {
        "id": "qLZwceD2",
        "title": "Layered Depth-Normal Images for Complex Geometries: Part Two — Manifold-Preserved Adaptive Contouring",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "manifolds"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": "the chinese university of hong kong"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "jvvFqJOP": {
        "id": "jvvFqJOP",
        "title": "A rapid shape acquisition method by integrating user touching input: This paper presents a novel shape acquisition method based on user touching input and an extremely low-cost system has been developed based on widely available consumer electronics devices including Wii controllers and IR-LED pens to obtain 3D coordinates of touching input",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jinho jung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yongqiang li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Virtual and Physical Prototyping",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "tFzCWmqN": {
        "id": "tFzCWmqN",
        "title": "GPU-Based Super-union for Minkowski Sum",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuen shan leung",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Computer-aided Design and Applications",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "DUWIsHrg": {
        "id": "DUWIsHrg",
        "title": "Layer Depth-Normal Images for Complex Geometries: Part One — Accurate Modeling and Adaptive Sampling",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "charlie c l wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "70tbENUY": {
        "id": "70tbENUY",
        "title": "A vibration-assisted method to reduce separation force for stereolithography",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Current stereolithography (SL) technology can print layer-based three-dimensional (3D) objects with high precision and fast speed. However, for a constrained surface based top-down or bottom-up SL process, it will be very difficult to separate the building layers from the constrained glass due to the near vacuum environment between the built layer and the constrained glass. The separation force will significantly increase when the contact area increases. Current existing methods to address this problem include tilting the vat, sliding the vat, and adopting the oxygen permeable membrane. However, the construction complexity and cost of the building systems will increase significantly with the increase of the maximum area that the system can build using the existing methods. In this paper, a novel separation method for the SL process utilizing a vibration-assisted glass is presented. A pair of general loudspeakers were used to provide a low frequency vibration for the constrained glass used in the SL process. Two force sensors are used to measure the separation force in real time. Controlled experiments have been implemented and the corresponding data was collected and analyzed. The analyzed results have demonstrated that the proposed method can significantly reduce the separation force for the SL process. Two test cases are presented to show the effectiveness of the presented vibration-assisted SL process.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingfan Yang",
                "org": "Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huachao Mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "bDd4C5hj": {
        "id": "bDd4C5hj",
        "title": "Curing Temperature Study for Curl Distortion Control and Simulation in Projection Based Stereolithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "simulation",
            "temperature"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai xu",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "ifqDdQ9L": {
        "id": "ifqDdQ9L",
        "title": "3D Printing Temporary Crown and Bridge by Temperature Controlled Mask Image Projection Stereolithography",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Traditionally, the fabrication of temporary teeth restorations must go through multiple processes such as moulding, curing and post finishing, which requires extensive expertise of dentists. In addition, the handmade temporary restorations are usually unable to precisely fit the patient’s teeth due to limited formability of material. To address the problem, a three-dimensional (3D) printing technology named temperature controlled mask image projection based stereolithography (TCMIP-SL) is presented for dental materials in this paper, with aim to build customized temporary crown and bridge quickly for its use in dental offices. We first studied the photo-polymerization performance of commercial materials that are commonly used in dental industry. Then we discussed the temperature effect on curing performance and rheology of dental composite material. Based on the studies, we further developed our TCMIP-SL process by integrating a material coating system with controllable heating, so that the coated thin film of dental composite material can be selectively cured using high resolution patterned light beam. Several test cases are performed to demonstrate the TCMIP-SL process can 3D print high viscous temporary crown material with fast speed and high resolution.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Benshuai Xie",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Jin",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Chai",
                "org": "Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Procedia Manufacturing",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pUanttZo": {
        "id": "pUanttZo",
        "title": "Fast Mask Image Projection-Based Micro-Stereolithography Process for Complex Geometry",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yayue Pan",
                "org": "Mem. ASME#N#Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering,#N#University of Illinois at Chicago,#N#842 W. Taylor Street,#N#ERF 2039,#N#Chicago, IL 60607#N#e-mail: yayuepan@uic.edu"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "ASME Membership Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 3715 McClintock Ave, GER 201, Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuyao Yu",
                "org": "School of Ship and Ocean Engineering,#N#Huazhong University of Science and Technology,#N#1037 Luoyu Road,#N#East Building 2-118,#N#Wuhan 430074, Hubei#N#e-mail: yuzuyao@163.com"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Micro and Nano-Manufacturing",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "vHUF3s5s": {
        "id": "vHUF3s5s",
        "title": "Photocuring Temperature Study for Curl Distortion Control in Projection-Based Stereolithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Kai Xu",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and#N#Systems Engineering,#N#University of Southern California,#N#Los Angeles, CA 90089"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and#N#Systems Engineering,#N#University of Southern California,#N#Los Angeles, CA 90089#N#e-mail:"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "q2OHXlUs": {
        "id": "q2OHXlUs",
        "title": "Highly removable water support for Stereolithography",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Current stereolithography (SL) technology can print there-dimensional (3D) objects with high precision and fast speed. However, for a complex computer-aided design (CAD) model, the fabricated structures have a significant amount of additional support structures that are required in order to ensure the model can be fabricated. However, these support structures may be difficult to remove. Even worse, the removal of the support structures may cause unexpected damage to delicate features and leave undesired surface marks. Although some special materials have been utilized in support structures such as water-soluble materials for the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process and wax for the multi-jet modeling (MJM) process, such support materials have not been available for the SL process. In this paper, a novel SL process using highly removable and widely available water as supports is presented. The process uses solid ice to surround the built parts in the layer-by-layer fabrication process. A cooling device is used to freeze the water into ice for each layer. The photocurable resin is spread on ice surface and then solidified by a projection image. Accordingly, a complex 3D object can be fabricated without using traditional support structures. After the fabrication process, the additional ice structure can easily be removed leaving no undesired marks on the bottom surfaces. Two test cases are presented to show the effectiveness of the presented highly removable water support method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jie Jin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "6tB7JPkZ": {
        "id": "6tB7JPkZ",
        "title": "Micro-scale feature fabrication using immersed surface accumulation",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Most additive manufacturing (AM) processes such as stereolithography (SLA) and selective laser sintering (SLS) use a layer-by-layer fabrication approach. They cannot be used to fabricate geometric features on the surfaces of a pre-existing three-dimensional (3D) object. In addition, existing AM processes are mainly based on a single size scale, e.g. macro-scale or micro-scale, and cannot be used to build a macro-scale object with micro-scale features on its surfaces. In this paper, we present a novel immersed surface accumulation process that can fabricate micro-scale features on macro-scale surfaces. In the process, a surface-based light guide tool is immersed inside liquid resin to fabricate high-resolution features on the surfaces of a pre-existing object. The system design and process settings to fabricate 3D features are presented. The relation between process control and related fabrication property is discussed. Two test cases are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the newly developed immersed surface accumulation process.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiangjia Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "fr6kn7F4": {
        "id": "fr6kn7F4",
        "title": "GDFE: Geometry-Driven Finite Element for Four-Dimensional Printing",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tsz-Ho Kwok",
                "org": "Department of Mechanical,#N#Industrial and Aerospace Engineering,#N#Concordia University,#N#Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada#N#e-mail: tszho.kwok@concordia.ca"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and#N#Systems Engineering,#N#University of Southern California,#N#Los Angeles, CA 90089#N#e-mail: yongchen@usc.edu"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "f5IzbvTV": {
        "id": "f5IzbvTV",
        "title": "Deformation Control Based on In-Situ Sensors for Mask Projection Based Stereolithography",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "deformation",
            "sensors"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai xu",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "pxhdMjvX": {
        "id": "pxhdMjvX",
        "title": "Mask Image Planning for Deformation Control in Projection-Based Stereolithography Process",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "deformation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai xu",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "MU5vCoTP": {
        "id": "MU5vCoTP",
        "title": "Mask Image Planning for Deformation Control in Projection-Based Stereolithography Process",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "temperature",
            "deformation",
            "shapes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "kai xu",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "university of southern california"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Dk4NPdRR": {
        "id": "Dk4NPdRR",
        "title": "Ceramic fabrication using Mask-Image-Projection-based Stereolithography integrated with tape-casting",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "recoating",
            "additive manufacturing",
            "viscosity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xuan song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tae woo lee",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shanghua wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lixia cheng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Manufacturing Processes",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "FpLLiPGH": {
        "id": "FpLLiPGH",
        "title": "Effect of the particle size and the debinding process on the density of alumina ceramics fabricated by 3D printing based on stereolithography",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In this study, Al 2 O 3  ceramics were printed by stereolithography from particles with different particle size distributions, which are the micro-sized Al 2 O 3 , nano-sized Al 2 O 3 , and a mixture of both. The influence of the particle size and the debinding method on the density and morphology of the sintered bodies were investigated. The density of the samples containing both micro-sized and nano-sized alumina particles is highest among the three samples. Furthermore, the samples subjected to the vacuum debinding showed a higher density compared with the samples subjected to the traditional thermal debinding. The results suggest that the combination of a powder with a bimodal particle size distribution and the vacuum debinding process offers an effective way to print 3D ceramics with a good performance through stereolithography.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haidong Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanling Cheng",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Liu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongxuan He",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Maopeng Zhou",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shanghua Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006 China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ceramics International",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "8621U9G2": {
        "id": "8621U9G2",
        "title": "Fabrication of fine-grained alumina ceramics by a novel process integrating stereolithography and liquid precursor infiltration processing",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In this study, we report a novel approach, integrating stereolithography and liquid precursor infiltration techniques, to fabricate fine-grained alumina ceramics. The XRD patterns of the sample immersed with Zr 4+  or Zr 4+  (Y 3+ ) show that the sintered body contains Al 2 O 3  and t-ZrO 2  as the major phase and minor phase, respectively. Moreover, the t-ZrO 2  phase in the sample immersed with Zr 4+  (Y 3+ ) shows intense peaks compared to the composite immersed with Zr 4+ . On the other hand, the sample immersed with Mg 2+  contained Al 2 O 3  and MgAl 2 O 4  as the major phase and minor phase, respectively. The microstructure of the sample immersed with Zr 4+  shows that ZrO 2  particles are homogeneously distributed in the Al 2 O 3  matrix, thus inhibiting the grain growth of alumina particles. Moreover, the sample immersed with Mg 2+  shows a more dense and fine-grained structure. Compared to the non-infiltrated sample, the average grain size of the alumina sample immersed with Zr 4+  or Mg 2+  decreased. The sample infiltrated with Zr 4+  (Y 3+ ) had the smallest alumina average grain size of 1.14 µm. The ceramics prepared by infiltration showed a higher hardness (19.54 GPa), but a slightly lower fracture toughness (4.02 MPa m 1/2 ) compared to the samples (17.2 GPa, 4.13 MPa m 1/2 ) without infiltration.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wei Liu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haidong Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Maopeng Zhou",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongxuan He",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiangguo Jiang",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ziwei Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanling Cheng",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shanghua Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ceramics International",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "7SQ8AjBt": {
        "id": "7SQ8AjBt",
        "title": "Fabrication of dense zirconia-toughened alumina ceramics through a stereolithography-based additive manufacturing",
        "abstract": "Abstract   We report a novel approach to fabricate dense zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramics with excellent properties via an additive manufacturing process based on stereolithography. The XRD patterns show the ZTA sample consists of α-Al 2 O 3  and t-ZrO 2  with the dominance of α-Al 2 O 3 . The zirconia grain with the average size of 0.35 µm is small enough to trigger the toughening behavior of zirconia in the ZTA. The prepared ceramics showed a density, Vickers hardness, bending strength, and fracture toughness of 4.26 g/cm 3 , 17.76 GPa, 530.25 MPa, and 5.72 MPa m 1/2 , respectively. These properties are comparable to those for ceramics obtained through conventional ceramic processing.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haidong Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Liu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongxuan He",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ziwei Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiangguo Jiang",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lixia Cheng",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shanghua Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ceramics International",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "IC5nBgg6": {
        "id": "IC5nBgg6",
        "title": "Preparation of a defect-free alumina cutting tool via additive manufacturing based on stereolithography – Optimization of the drying and debinding processes",
        "abstract": "Abstract   A dense defect-free alumina cutting tool was fabricated via stereolithography process. Different drying processes and debinding profiles were then tested and compared to find the optimal way for the preparation of the sintered body. The experimental results showed that using PEG400 as a liquid desiccant results in a lower deformation of the body compared to the natural drying process. Compared with vacuum debinding or air debinding, a two-step debinding process, which consisted of both a vacuum pyrolysis step and the following air debinding, is allowed to control the pyrolysis rate while suppressing the formation of defects in the alumina body. After optimization of the postprocessing, the relative density of the sample as high as 99.3%, and the Vickers hardness ∼17.5 GPa. These properties are similar to the properties of alumina bodies prepared via the conventional shaping method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Maopeng Zhou",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Liu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haidong Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuan Song",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lixia Cheng",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fupo He",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shixi Chen",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shanghua Wu",
                "org": "School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ceramics International",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "PyNlhdEZ": {
        "id": "PyNlhdEZ",
        "title": "Sublethal Effects of Virtako™ on Life Table Parameters and Wing Formation of the Brown Planthopper (Homoptera: Delphacidae)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaowa Qin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Runjie Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Entomological Science",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "s4QSnaTU": {
        "id": "s4QSnaTU",
        "title": "A highly recyclable dip-catalyst produced from palladium nanoparticle-embedded bacterial cellulose and plant fibers",
        "abstract": "Bacterial cellulose (BC) with its ultrafine nano-reticular structure may provide great support and distribution to metal nanoparticles. In this study, polyethylenimine was introduced into dialdehyde BC to improve the binding stability between BC and palladium (Pd) nanoparticles. The Pd nanoparticle-embedded BC (Pd-BC) was further composited with plant fibers to fabricate a paper-like “dip-catalyst” through a paper handsheet making method. This catalyst has structural features including the fact that PEI-BC provides a great distribution and binding stability to Pd particles, while plant fibers as a supporting component may reduce the cost of fabrication, provide mechanical strength, and improve the contact between the reactants and Pd particles due to their porosity. The dip-catalyst or catalyst sheet was employed in the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction, providing a high reaction rate, a yield of nearly 100% and a high turnover frequency (TOF). It demonstrated an easy reusability and an extensive recycling capability with the same catalyst sheet being used 26 times and still having a yield of nearly 90%. This catalyst sheet produced from sustainable materials is expected to play an important role in organic synthesis.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhouyang Xiang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing High Tech University Biological Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.,Nanjing 211899,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingguo Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing High Tech University Biological Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.,Nanjing 211899,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fachuang Lu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Green Chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "lIXCIIyr": {
        "id": "lIXCIIyr",
        "title": "Appraisal of the impact of three insecticides on the principal rice pests and their predators in China",
        "abstract": "Abstract Chemical control is an effective measure for decreasing the numbers of rice planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens [Stal] and Sogatella furcifera [Horvath]; Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and rice leaffolders (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee; Lepidoptera: Crambidae), which have caused substantial yield losses of rice in China in recent years. Virtako is a new mixture of insecticides that has low mammalian toxicity and high toxicity to insect pests. We conducted a study of the effectiveness of Virtako (a mixture of chlorantraniliprole and thiamethoxam), versus chlorantraniliprole alone and thiamethoxam alone, for control of rice planthoppers and rice leaffolders, as well as the impact of these insecticides on predator diversity. One and 28 d after application, Virtako treatment (36–60 g a.i./ha) reduced the numbers of planthoppers to 46 to 60% and 59 to 66%, respectively, of the control levels. Virtako also suppressed damage by rice leaffolders, resulting in leaf protection rates of 11 to 46% and 37 to 76% at ...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kunming 650223, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue Zheng",
                "org": "Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kunming 650223, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": "Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kunming 650223, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hui Wei",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 247 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongdui Chen",
                "org": "Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kunming 650223, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoxia Su",
                "org": "Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kunming 650223, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Zhang",
                "org": "Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kunming 650223, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Florida Entomologist",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "HLuJSkjf": {
        "id": "HLuJSkjf",
        "title": "Tripartite interactions between jasmonic/salicylic acid pathways, western flower thrips, and thrips-transmitted tomato zonate spot virus infection in Capsicuum annuum",
        "abstract": "The disease caused by Tomato zonate spot virus (TZSV), transmitted by Frankliniella occidentalis in a circulative-propagative manner, results in significant loss in production and quality in ornamentals and vegetable crops. Related to this recently found tospovirus (TZSV), knowledge involving the interaction between virus, vector, and host plants remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of TZSV infection on the changes in concentration of the plant hormones jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), and the transcriptional regulation of JA- and SA-associated genes. Additionally, we verified that JA and SA inhibit the fitness of the vector F. occidentalis. This work brings to a new perspective on plant—virus–vector interactions is proposed, which could be applied to control the TZSV infection.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xue Zheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihua Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yongdui Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Limin Zheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kuanyu Zheng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ye Mu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingyue Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yulin Gao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Arthropod-plant Interactions",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "AJZjlHN0": {
        "id": "AJZjlHN0",
        "title": "Analysis of the Time-Concentration-Mortality Response of Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) to Paichongding.",
        "abstract": "Paichongding is an adicyclicnitromethylene neonicotinoid insecticide with a cis-configuration. Bioassay of paichongding was conducted against Nilaparvata lugens Stål under a laboratory condition. Mortality of N. lugens was analyzed by time-concentration-mortality (TCM) regressions based on the complementary log-log (CLL) model. The conditional mortalities of test individuals increased with the exposure time after treatments with different concentrations, showing that the speed of insecticidal action is concentration dependent. Meanwhile, the conditional mortalities of N. lugens increased as the concentrations of paichongding increased for all developmental stages from instars I-II to macropterous females. Correspondingly, LC50 and LC90 values to N. lugens gradually decreased with the developmental stages, in which instars I-II were the most sensitive to paichongding, with LC50 values of 6.31, 0.45, 0.09, and 0.03 mg/liter for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after treatments, respectively, while macropterous females were the least sensitive among all developmental stages, with LC50 values of 309.03, 11.48, 1.35, and 0.19 mg/liter at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the treatments, respectively. The time-concentration-mortality modeling was mathematically and biologically robust to evaluate the effects of paichongding on N. lugens. The results suggest that paichongding would be an effective alternative pesticide for controlling N. lugens considering its potent effects.",
        "keywords": [
            "complementary log-log model",
            " Nilaparvata lugens",
            " paichongding",
            " pest control",
            " sensitivity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan-Wei Shi",
                "org": "Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaowa Qin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol &amp; Institute of Entomology, SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongyang Wang",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Guangzhou 510065, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol &amp; Institute of Entomology, SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": "Tea Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Menghai 666201, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Runjie Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol &amp; Institute of Entomology, SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuedan Liu",
                "org": "The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Guangzhou 510065, China. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China. yourtalker@hotmail.com."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of economic entomology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "mOg83Wyc": {
        "id": "mOg83Wyc",
        "title": "Toxic effects of virtako on the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaowa qing",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jie liu",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jie zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "runjie zhang",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "oAz3DJbq": {
        "id": "oAz3DJbq",
        "title": "Improved Dispersion of Bacterial Cellulose Fibers for the Reinforcement of Paper Made from Recycled Fibers.",
        "abstract": "Bacterial cellulose (BC) can be used to improve the physical properties of paper. However, previous studies have showed that the effectiveness of this improvement is impaired by the agglomeration of the disintegrated BC fibers. Effective dispersion of BC fibers is important to their reinforcing effects to paper products, especially those made of recycled fibers. In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose, xylan, glucomannan, cationized starch, and polyethylene oxide were used to improve the dispersion of BC fibers. With dispersed BC fibers, the paper made of recycled fiber showed improved dry tensile strength. The best improvement in dry tensile index was 4.2 N·m/g or 12.7% up, which was obtained by adding BC fibers dispersed with glucomannan. Glucomannan had the highest adsorption onto BC fibers, i.e., 750 mg/g at 1000 mg/L concentration, leading to the best colloidal stability of BC fiber suspension that had no aggregation in 50 min at 0.1 weight ratio of glucomannan to BC. TEMPO-mediated oxidation of BC was effective in improving its colloidal stability, but not effective in improving the ability of BC fiber to enhance paper dry tensile index while the wet tensile index was improved from 0.89 N·m/g to 1.59 N·m/g, i.e., ~80% improvement.",
        "keywords": [
            "bacterial cellulose",
            "dispersion",
            "recycled fiber",
            "reinforcement",
            "tensile strength"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhouyang Xiang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. fezyxiang@scut.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. zhangjie@brunp.com.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qingguo Liu",
                "org": "Nanjing High Tech University Biological Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211899, China. liuqingguo@njiwb.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nanjing High Tech University Biological Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211899, China. chenyong@njiwb.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. ppjunli@scut.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Fachuang Lu",
                "org": "Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510640, China. fefclv@scut.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "jRCA0tiw": {
        "id": "jRCA0tiw",
        "title": "Efectos tóxicos del virtako sobre el saltahojas marrón Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaowa qing",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jie liu",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jie zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "runjie zhang",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "HRxjNAHS": {
        "id": "HRxjNAHS",
        "title": "Toxic Effects of Paichongding on Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Homoptera: Delphacidae)",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaowa Qin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol & Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol & Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol & Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol & Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol & Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fenghui Yuan",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol & Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Runjie Zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Entomological Science",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "T4oD3R1i": {
        "id": "T4oD3R1i",
        "title": "A Fifth-Order 20-MHz Transistorized- $LC$ -Ladder LPF With 58.2-dB SFDR, 68- $\\mu\\hbox{W/Pole/MHz}$ Efficiency, and 0.13- $\\hbox{mm}^{2}$ Die Size in 90-nm CMOS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "low pass filters",
            "inductors",
            "lc circuits",
            "frequency response",
            "active filters",
            "cmos integrated circuits"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "tsinghua university"
            },
            {
                "name": "puiin mak",
                "org": "university of macau"
            },
            {
                "name": "li zhang",
                "org": "tsinghua university"
            },
            {
                "name": "he qian",
                "org": "tsinghua university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yan wang",
                "org": "tsinghua university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Ii-express Briefs",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "5ErMh89K": {
        "id": "5ErMh89K",
        "title": "A fifth-order 20-MHz transistorized-LC-ladder LPF with 58.2-dB SFDR, 68-μW/Pole/MHz efficiency, and 0.13-mm2 die size in 90-nm CMOS",
        "abstract": "A novel transistorized-LC-ladder low-pass filter (LPF) is realized by combining source followers with Q-enhanced floating differential active inductors. It features a small number of active devices to minimize the sources of nonlinearity and noise and a robust frequency response against process variations and device mismatches. A fifth-order 20-MHz LPF prototype is fabricated in 90-nm CMOS. It measures a 58.2-dB spurious-free dynamic range with 6.8 mW of power, which corresponds to a selectivity efficiency of 68-μ W pole MHz favorably comparable with the state of the art. The die size is merely 0.13 mm2. © 2004-2012 IEEE.",
        "keywords": [
            "Active inductor",
            "CMOS",
            "continuous time",
            "floating differential active inductor (FDAI)",
            "low-pass filter (LPF)",
            "source follower (SF)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "University of Macau(University of Macau),Taipa,Macao"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "He Qian",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan, Wang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "UtkVZ7fB": {
        "id": "UtkVZ7fB",
        "title": "0.013 mm2, kHz-to-GHz-bandwidth, thirdorder all-pole lowpass filter with 0.52-to- 1.11 pW/pole/Hz efficiency",
        "abstract": "A third-order all-pole analogue lowpass filter (LPF) with kHz-to-GHz bandwidth tunability is proposed. It embeds a current-reuse active inductor into a current-scalable source follower to realise three concurrently tunable poles in a single branch. The LPF fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS measures a tunable - 3 dB cutoff from 0.8 kHz to 1.2 GHz, under a scalable power of 1.25 nW to 4.01 mW. Owing to no tuning capacitor, the die area is extremely compact (0.013 mm2) and the achieved filter efficiency is 0.52 to 1.11 pW/pole/Hz.",
        "keywords": [
            "CMOS integrated circuits",
            "third-order all-pole analogue lowpass filter",
            "current-reuse active inductor",
            "power 1.25 nW to 4.01 mW",
            "tuning capacitor",
            "current-scalable source follower",
            "low-pass filters",
            "bandwidth tunability",
            "UHF integrated circuits",
            "single branch tunable pole",
            "LPF",
            "CMOS technology",
            "VHF filters",
            "size 0.18 mum",
            "integrated circuit measurement",
            "bandwidth 0.8 kHz to 1.2 GHz",
            "gain -3 dB",
            "UHF filters",
            "inductors"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "P. I. Mak",
                "org": "University of Macau(University of Macau),Taipa,Macao"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "He Qian",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan, Wang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electronics Letters",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "TLSrH2kM": {
        "id": "TLSrH2kM",
        "title": "A single-branch third-order pole-zero low-pass filter with 0.014-mm 2 die size and 0.8-kHz (1.25-nW) to 0.94-GHz (3.99-mW) bandwidth-power scalability",
        "abstract": "A single-branch third-order low-pass filter with an ultracompact die size and extensive bandwidth (BW)-power scalability is described. It unifies a source follower, a stackable floating active inductor, and a feedforward capacitor to constitute a transistorized-LC-ladder topology with a stable pole-zero transfer function over a wide range of tunable BW. Differentially, only eight transistors and five untuned capacitors are required. Fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS, the prototype occupies 0.014-mm2 die size. By scaling the bias current (and, hence, the power), the flexible BW measures 0.8 kHz at 1.25 nW and 0.94 GHz at 3.99 mW. © 2004-2012 IEEE.",
        "keywords": [
            "CMOS",
            "Low-pass filter (LPF)",
            "Source-followerbased",
            "Stackable floating active inductor (SFAI)."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pui-In Mak",
                "org": "University of Macau(University of Macau),Taipa,Macao"
            },
            {
                "name": "Stefano D'Amico",
                "org": "Università del Salento(),Lecce,Italy"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "He Qian",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan, Wang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "vi1VKyJF": {
        "id": "vi1VKyJF",
        "title": "0.013 mm 2 , kHz-to-GHz-bandwidth, thirdorder all-pole lowpass filter with 0.52-to- 1.11 pW/pole/Hz efficiency",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cmos technology",
            "lpf",
            "low pass filters",
            "cmos integrated circuits",
            "inductors"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "tsinghua university"
            },
            {
                "name": "puiin mak",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "he qian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electronics Letters",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "gil1wwXM": {
        "id": "gil1wwXM",
        "title": "0.0012 mm 2 , 8 mw, single-to-differential converter with < 1.1% data cross error and <3.4 ps rms jitter up to 14 gbit/s",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "cmos integrated circuits",
            "jitter",
            "cmos",
            "inductors"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "puiin mak",
                "org": "university of macau"
            },
            {
                "name": "li zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "he qian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yan wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electronics Letters",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "8Mt7vwLu": {
        "id": "8Mt7vwLu",
        "title": "A 1.5GS/s 6bit 2bit/Step Asynchronous Time Interleaved SAR ADC in 65nm CMOS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "he qian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhaorui wang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "LH94RH4N": {
        "id": "LH94RH4N",
        "title": "A Fifth-Order 20-MHz Transistorized- -Ladder LPF With 58.2-dB SFDR, 68- Efficiency, and 0.13- Die Size in 90-nm CMOS",
        "abstract": "A novel transistorized-LC-ladder low-pass filter (LPF) is realized by combining source followers with Q-enhanced floating differential active inductors. It features a small number of active devices to minimize the sources of nonlinearity and noise and a robust frequency response against process variations and device mismatches. A fifth-order 20-MHz LPF prototype is fabricated in 90-nm CMOS. It measures a 58.2-dB spurious-free dynamic range with 6.8 mW of power, which corresponds to a selectivity efficiency of 68-μW/pole/MHz favorably comparable with the state of the art. The die size is merely 0.13 mm2.",
        "keywords": [
            "CMOS integrated circuits",
            "LC circuits",
            "active filters",
            "circuit noise",
            "frequency response",
            "inductors",
            "ladder filters",
            "low-pass filters",
            "CMOS",
            "Q-enhanced floating differential active inductor",
            "SFDR",
            "active device",
            "device mismatch",
            "die size",
            "fifth-order transistorized-LC-ladder LPF",
            "frequency 20 MHz",
            "frequency response",
            "noise",
            "noise figure 58.2 dB",
            "nonlinearity source",
            "power 6.8 mW",
            "process variation",
            "selectivity efficiency",
            "size 90 nm",
            "source follower",
            "spurious-free dynamic range",
            "transistorized-LC-ladder low-pass filter",
            "Active inductor",
            "CMOS",
            "continuous time",
            "floating differential active inductor (FDAI)",
            "low-pass filter (LPF)",
            "source follower (SF)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Inst. of Microelectron., Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China|c|"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mak, P.",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "He Qian",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "7zB5xMi6": {
        "id": "7zB5xMi6",
        "title": "Pre-emphasis transmitter (0.007 mm2, 8 Gbit/s, 0-14 dB) with improved data zero-crossing accuracy in 65 nm CMOS",
        "abstract": "A pre-emphasis transmitter with improved data zero-crossing accuracy is described. It is achieved via data re-synchronisation using a set of extended true single-phase clock latches before output combining, constituting a robust, area- and power-efficient solution. Fabricated in 65 nm CMOS, the full-rate one-tap pre-emphasis transmitter measures a total jitter of 33.12 ps up to an 8 Gbit/s data rate, and 25.04 to 38.75 ps under a 0-14 dB reconfigurable pre-emphasis range. The achieved output swing is as large as 550 mV pp, and the active area is just 0.007 mm2. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2013.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuanfeng chen",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "P. I. Mak",
                "org": "University of Macau(University of Macau),Taipa,Macao"
            },
            {
                "name": "leiqi zhang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "hua qian",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "yannan wang",
                "org": "Tsinghua University(Tsinghua University,Tsinghua Univ,Tsinghua Univ.),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electronics Letters",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "8QADzxi2": {
        "id": "8QADzxi2",
        "title": "Exploring the role of nitrogen incorporation in ZrO2 resistive switching film for enhancing the device performance",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The role of nitrogen doping on the resistive switching (RS) performance in nitrogen doped ZrO 2  memristive device is investigated. The Pt/N:ZrO 2 /TiN resistive random access memory (RRAM) shows smaller switching voltage, larger memory window as well as improved uniformity. Moreover, the multilevel storage capability can be successfully obtained by varying the compliance current in the SET process for the memory cell. It is considered that the connection and rupture of conducting oxygen vacancy filaments (CF) can be localized and the oxygen ions (O 2− ) migration randomness is depressed due to nitrogen doping in ZrO 2  film. Combining with the first-principle method, we theoretically calculate the formation energy ( E  vf ), migration energy ( E  m ) and density of states for oxygen vacancy (V O ). Both  E  vf  and  E  m  values show noticeable decrease in N doped 2 × 2 × 2 ZrO 2  supercell, which are related to the lower forming voltage and operating voltage. The density of states indicates that the oxygen vacancy midgap defect states can be eliminated as a result of N dopant, which neutralizes the excess defects in ZrO 2  switching layer and may reduce the densities of the potential filaments. Herein the uniformity can be improved. All the theoretical results show reasonable agreement with the improved experimental RS performance for Pt/N:ZrO 2 /TiN device.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaodi Wei",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hong Huang",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Cong Ye",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Wei",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Zhou",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rulin Zhang",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhang",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qing Xia",
                "org": "Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Alloys and Compounds",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "rQOSgHFO": {
        "id": "rQOSgHFO",
        "title": "A System Framework of Security Management in Enterprise Systems: Security Management in Enterprise Systems",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "feng wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "baoshan ge",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yang xin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiayuan li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li zhang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Systems Research and Behavioral Science",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "enJGdlsM": {
        "id": "enJGdlsM",
        "title": "Light-driven removal of rhodamine B over SrTiO3 modified Bi2WO6 composites",
        "abstract": "SrTiO3/Bi2WO6 hybrids were hydrothermally prepared and structurally examined by means of various chemical and physical techniques. Formation of heterojunction is well confirmed via HRTEM, XPS and PL and contributes immensely to the enhanced catalytic function of a composite in an assay of Rhodamine B (Rh B) photodegradation due to accelerated migration and separation of charge carriers at it. Among as-prepared samples, Bi2WO6 loaded with 8 wt% SrTiO3 proves most photocatalytically active in light of a top degradation rate (D) of ca. 98.4% and a peak apparent kinetic rate (k) of 0.0463 min−1. Besides, h+ and ·OH turn out to be the major reactive species for Rh B degradation. Finally, based on theoretical and experimental results, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Zhang",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Chen",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongcheng Teng",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiancheng Zhou",
                "org": "School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jinwen Shi",
                "org": "Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), 28 West Xianning Road,Xi'an,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yueming Sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "YnDeExyi": {
        "id": "YnDeExyi",
        "title": "Dynamic changes in plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load during treatment have prognostic value in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study.",
        "abstract": "Circulating plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA (EBV DNA) is related to tumor recurrence and metastasis and has potential as a dynamic, sensitive, and specific marker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We investigated the clinical significance of assessing plasma EBV DNA load at various time points during treatment. Patients with NPC (n = 949) for whom plasma EBV DNA load was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) before treatment (pre-EBV) and at midtreatment (mid-EBV), end of treatment (end-EBV), and 3 months after completing treatment (3 m-EBV) were retrospectively assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify the optimal EBV DNA cutoff point for each time point. Overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared using Kaplan-Meier estimates. High pre-EBV, high mid-EBV, high end-EBV, and high 3 m-EBV were all associated with significantly poorer OS, DMFS, and PFS in the entire cohort. Detectable end-EBV and 3 m-EBV was associated with significantly poorer OS, DMFS, and PFS. Among patients with detectable end-EBV, adjuvant therapy significantly improved OS (HR 2.419; 95% CI 1.297-4.51, P = 0.03) and DMFS (HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.243-4.828, P = 0.04), but not PFS (P = 0.17). EBV DNA represents a dynamic biomarker for monitoring treatment and predicting survival in NPC. Assessing plasma EBV DNA before, during, and after chemoradiotherapy could be clinically valuable and enable selection of patients most likely to benefit from additional therapy and improve assessment of treatment response and disease surveillance. Further multicenter prospective investigations are warranted.",
        "keywords": [
            "Epstein-Barr virus DNA",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "survival",
            "treatment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Bao",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiu-Yu Cai",
                "org": "Department of VIP Region, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan-Ming Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "aegdc83q": {
        "id": "aegdc83q",
        "title": "Prognostic value of total tumor volume in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy.",
        "abstract": "TTV is an important prognosticator for treatment outcome and significantly improves the prognostic value of the current staging system for patients with NPC treated with IMRT.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "Intensity-modulated radiotherapy",
            "Tumor volume",
            "Treatment failure",
            "Staging system"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian-Jian Teng",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-Feng Hu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Luo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao-Na Fang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong-Sheng Liu",
                "org": "Department of Medical Statistics, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. chenyong@sysucc.org.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Wu Fu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China. Fulw@mail.sysu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BMC cancer",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "0c9mS0h1": {
        "id": "0c9mS0h1",
        "title": "Comparison of the seventh and eighth editions of the UICC/AJCC staging system for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: analysis of 1317 patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy at two centers.",
        "abstract": "The overall stages and N categories of the 8th edition of the UICC/AJCC staging system provide better segregation of survival outcomes than the 7th edition. The 8th edition is also more clinically applicable as it has reduced ambiguity and revised out-of-date definitions. However, the T categories need further optimizing as the 8th edition failed to solve the problem of similar survival between adjacent T-classification, which has been exited since 7th edition.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nasopharyngeal cancer",
            "Staging system",
            "Intensity-modulated radiation therapy",
            "Prognostication"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan-Ming Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Yang Chen",
                "org": "The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. lulx@sysucc.org.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. chenyong@mail.sysu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "BMC cancer",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "uThovv2f": {
        "id": "uThovv2f",
        "title": "Additional Cervical Lymph Node Biopsy is Not a Significant Prognostic Factor for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Era: A Propensity Score-matched Analysis from an Epidemic Area.",
        "abstract": ": This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of cervical lymph node biopsy and whether different biopsy methods would lead different outcomes in NPC in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era. : 1492 patients with biopsy-proven, non-metastatic NPC, and treated by IMRT with or without chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. Cervical lymph node biopsy was performed in 183 (12.3%) patients: 61(4.1%) by needle puncture and 118(7.9%) by excision biopsy. Propensity-score matching was used to match patients in both arms at an equal ratio. Overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), and nodal relapse-free survival (NRFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Independent prognostic factors were identified using the Cox proportional hazards model.  In the original cohort of 1492 patients, patients receiving cervical lymph node biopsy had comparable survival (OS:  = 0.736, DMFS:  = 0.749, LRFS:  = 0.538, NRFS:  = 0.093,) with patients receiving isolated napharynx biopsy. The results for the propensity-match cohort of 316 patients were similar. Interestingly, compared with the control group and needle puncture biopsy group, a slightly lower nodal recurrence rate was observed in the excision biopsy group ( = 0.082 and  = 0.072, respectively). Adjusting for the known prognostic factors in multivariate analysis, cervical biopsy did not cause a higher risk of death, distant metastasis, or nodal relapse.  Pretreatment cervical lymph node biopsy is not associated with impaired survival in NPC, suggesting the resist of the biopsy and more aggressive treatment after the biopsy may be unnecessary.",
        "keywords": [
            "cervical lymph nodes biopsy",
            "intensity-modulated radiotherapy",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "prognosis."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Bao",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan-Ming Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Yang Chen",
                "org": "The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "tXw1abOS": {
        "id": "tXw1abOS",
        "title": "Plasma Fibrinogen Correlates with Metastasis and is Associated with Prognosis in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.",
        "abstract": " The purpose of this observational study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the pre-treatment plasma fibrinogen level for survival outcomes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).  A total of 998 patients with NPC treated at a single centre in China were retrospectively enrolled, of whom 182 (18.2%) developed distant metastasis during follow-up. Survival analyses were performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression modelling to measure 3-year overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).  Median OS for the entire cohort was 37.8 months. Using the cut-off value of 3.345 g/L identified in receiver operating curve analysis for fibrinogen, a high pre-treatment plasma fibrinogen level were associated with older age ( = 0.034), advanced TNM stage ( = 0.004) and development of distant metastasis ( < 0.001; Chi-square test). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated the pre-treatment plasma fibrinogen level was an independent significant prognostic factor for OS and DMFS in both the entire cohort and also among patients who developed distant metastasis during follow-up.  This study suggests the pre-treatment plasma fibrinogen level may serve as an independent prognostic marker to predict the survival outcomes of patients with NPC, including patients with metastatic disease.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "fibrinogen",
            "metastasis",
            "prognosis."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Yang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Yang Chen",
                "org": "The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "The First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "ShO4hkFa": {
        "id": "ShO4hkFa",
        "title": "Development and external validation of a nomogram for predicting the overall survival of patients with stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma after curative treatment.",
        "abstract": " To facilitate decision-making support for individual patients, development and external validation of a nomogram was undertaken to reveal prognostic factors and predict the value of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) compared with radiotherapy (RT) for stage-II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.  Clinical data of 419 and 309 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (2017) stage-II NPC in two institutions in China were collected retrospectively. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were compared using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the prognostic factors for building the nomogram. Predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured using the Concordance Index.  Finally, there were 24 and 20 deaths in the development and validation group, respectively. Patients with stage T2N1, N1 stage, involvement of retropharyngeal and unilateral cervical lymph nodes, and who had RT alone had worse OS (=0.019, 0.035, 0.003 and 0.010, respectively; log-rank test) than patients with stage T1N1 and T2N0, N0 stage, involvement of retropharyngeal or unilateral cervical lymph nodes, and CCRT, respectively. After multivariate analysis of the training set, age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, therapy type, and pretreatment plasma concentration of Epstein-Barr virus DNA were independent prognostic factors of OS. A nomogram was established externally by involving all the factors stated above. The Concordance Index for the established nomogram to predict the OS of the training set was 0.793 (95% CI 0.689-0.897), and 0.803 (95% CI 0.696-0.910) in the validation set.  These data suggest that the nomogram was validated externally, could predict long-term outcome accurately, and enable accurate stratification of risk groups for stage-II NPC. Our model facilitated individualized care of NPC patients.",
        "keywords": [
            "chemotherapy",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "nomogram",
            "prognosis",
            "radiotherapy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Tao Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhen-Wei Peng",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu-Feng Ren",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui-Wan Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer management and research",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "9QFjzgV6": {
        "id": "9QFjzgV6",
        "title": "A combined marker based on plasma D-dimer and serum albumin levels in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with poor survival outcomes in a retrospective cohort study.",
        "abstract": ": Activation of the clotting-fibrinolytic system in cancer patients is common and results in an unfavorable clinical outcome. This study aimed to investigate the role of pretreatment plasma D-dimer levels and the combination of D-dimer and albumin (DA) on the prediction of survival prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). : The study comprised 511 patients with NPC. Pretreatment plasma D-dimer and serum albumin levels were measured. DA was classified as a new biomarker where D-dimer and albumin levels were combined and was grouped by the cutoff value of both. The correlations of plasma D-dimer levels with clinicopathological features and survival outcome were calculated using the Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier estimates were performed to analyze the survival functions and were compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to assess the effects of D-dimer and DA on distant overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). : The median follow-up period was 45.2 months (range 2.1-79.8). Elevated plasma D-dimer levels were positively associated with age at diagnosis ( = 0.034), platelet levels ( = 0.043), and Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) DNA copy number ( = 0.035). Additionally, multivariate analysis demonstrated that elevated plasma D-dimer levels were strongly associated with a poorer OS (HR 2.074, 95% CI 1.190-3.612,  = 0.010), but not DMFS. After adjustment for other variables, DA stratification acted as an independent prognostic marker for OS ( = 0.038) and DMFS ( = 0.031) in patients with NPC, when combined with albumin levels. : Increased plasma D-dimer levels accurately predict poor OS and may be an effective independent prognostic factor in patients with NPC. Moreover, in conjunction with serum albumin, DA may serve as a factor in predicting OS and DMFS.",
        "keywords": [
            "D-dimer",
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "albumin",
            "prognosis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Cheng-Tao Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Mei-Yan Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan-Ming Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "AI0YexJ0": {
        "id": "AI0YexJ0",
        "title": "Cervical lymph node carcinoma metastasis from unknown primary site: a retrospective analysis of 154 patients.",
        "abstract": "Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the existence of cervical lymph node carcinoma of unknown primary site (CCUP) has always been an urgent problem worldwide. There is still no consensus on the optimal management for CCUP. In this retrospective review, we analyze the clinical characteristics of CCUP patients treated at our institution and examine how these characteristics and treatments were associated with survival. Clinicopathologic features, treatments, and survival outcomes of 154 CCUP patients were collected from the hospital records and analyzed. Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods and compared by the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the factors independently associated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Median follow-up period was 26.44 months (range, 0.53-146.53 months). Multivariate analysis showed N stage, pathologic type, and lymph node extranodal extension (ENE) to be independent prognostic factors for OS in CCUP patients, but not PFS. Subgroup analysis of patients who received radiotherapy showed that radiotherapy to the pharyngeal mucosa was associated with better OS (P = 0.045), but not with better PFS. Advanced N stage, nonsquamous cell carcinoma, and lymph node ENE predict poor prognosis in patients with CCUP. In addition, radiotherapy to suspicious mucosa is accompanied by better OS. These study findings should be useful to clinicians when selecting the treatment approach.",
        "keywords": [
            "Cervical lymph node",
            "head and neck cancer",
            "metastasis",
            "radiotherapy",
            "survival",
            "unknown primary site"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Bao",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiu-Yu Cai",
                "org": "Department of VIP Region, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Yang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan-Ming Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer medicine",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "bdD51C7g": {
        "id": "bdD51C7g",
        "title": "The Novel Prognostic Score Combining Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Body Mass Index (COR-BMI) Has Prognostic Impact for Survival Outcomes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.",
        "abstract": " A novel inflammation-and nutrition-based scoring system based on red blood cell distribution width and body mass index (COR-BMI) has prognostic value in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here, we assessed the prognostic value of COR-BMI in NPC.  Retrospective study of 2,318 patients with non-metastatic NPC treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center was conducted. Patients were stratified into three groups using the COR-BMI score, which is based on two objective and easily measurable parameters: red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and body mass index (BMI). Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to compare groups; multivariate Cox proportional models were used to calculate overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).  Four-year overall survival (OS) rates were 88.7%, 84.5%, and 71.4% for patients with COR-BMI scores of 0, 1, and 2 respectively ( = 0.006). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed COR-BMI was an independent predictor of OS (HR for COR-BMI 1: 1.239, 95% CI: 1.012-1.590; HR for COR-BMI 2: 2.367, 95% CI: 1.311-4.274,  = 0.013), but not DFS ( = 0.482). In subgroup analysis of metastatic NPC, OS rates decreased as COR-BMI increased. In patients with a COR-BMI score of 1, radiotherapy plus chemotherapy led to better OS than radiotherapy alone.  COR-BMI may serve as an indicator of poor prognosis in both NPC and metastatic NPC. Radiotherapy plus chemotherapy may benefit patients with a COR-BMI score of 1.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "body mass index",
            "prognosis",
            "red blood cell distribution width"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Sha-Sha He",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiu-Yu Cai",
                "org": "Department of VIP region, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Yang Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Xia Lu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "bwXPBX2F": {
        "id": "bwXPBX2F",
        "title": "Prognostic value of gross tumor regression and plasma Epstein Barr Virus DNA levels at the end of intensity-modulated radiation therapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.",
        "abstract": "Gross tumor regression and plasma EBV DNA levels at the end of IMRT served as predictors of poor prognosis for patients with NPC. The patients with persistent tumor and/or positive plasma EBV DNA might require timely strengthening treatment.",
        "keywords": [
            "Epstein–Barr virus DNA",
            "Gross tumor regression",
            "Intensity-modulated radiotherapy",
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "Survival"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China; Radiotherapy Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ning Zhang",
                "org": "Radiotherapy Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Cancer Center, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Dan-Ming Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xing-Li Yang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin-Hong Chen",
                "org": "The Clinical Laboratory, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai Zhao",
                "org": "Department of Imaging Diagnosis, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui-Liang Lu",
                "org": "Department of Imaging Diagnosis, First People's Hospital of Foshan Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: chenyong@mail.sysu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Wu Fu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: Fulw@mail.sysu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "TrnXTV7d": {
        "id": "TrnXTV7d",
        "title": "Progress report of a randomized trial comparing long-term survival and late toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with stage III to IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma from endemic regions of Ch: Survival & Late Toxicity of CRT in NPC",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "aihua lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ying guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "linglong tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanping mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lei chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mo chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wenfei li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jingfeng zong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shaobo liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ying sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jun ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "mengzhong liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "4deKQHiH": {
        "id": "4deKQHiH",
        "title": "Progress report of a randomized trial comparing long-term survival and late toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with stage III to IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma from endemic regions of China.",
        "abstract": "The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term survival and late toxicities of concurrent-adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage III through IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) from endemic regions of China.Patients with stage III to IVB NPC were assigned randomly to receive radiotherapy (RT) alone (the RT group) or RT plus concurrent adjuvant chemotherapy (the CRT group). CRT patients received concurrent cisplatin (40 mg/m2) weekly during RT followed by cisplatin (80 mg/m2) and fluorouracil (800 mg/m(2) daily for 5 days) every 4 weeks for 3 cycles. The primary endpoint was overall survival.In total, 316 patients underwent randomization, with 158 to each group. At a median follow-up of 70 months, the 5-year overall survival rate was 72% for the CRT group and 62% for the RT group (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.99; P = .043). Failure-free survival was significantly higher in the CRT group (P = .020). Most late toxicities were similar (33% vs. 26%; P = .089), except for cranial neuropathy (P = .042), peripheral neuropathy (P = .041), and ear damage (P = .048), which were significantly increased in the CRT group.The addition of concurrent adjuvant chemotherapy to RT provides survival benefits to patients with stage III through IVB NPC in endemic regions of China, and it does not increase most late toxicities apart from cranial neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, and ear damage.",
        "keywords": [
            "clinical trial",
            "cisplatin",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "fluorouracil",
            "concurrent-adjuvant chemotherapy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "First People's Hospital of Foshan(First People's Hospital of Foshan,First People's Hospital of Guangzhou,First People's Hospital of Foshan City),Foshan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Feng Zong",
                "org": "Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital(Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital),Fuzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fei Li",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mo Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Ping Mao",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling-Long Tang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Guo",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Hua Lin",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng-Zhong Liu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "Hw374H1r": {
        "id": "Hw374H1r",
        "title": "A prospective randomized trial of concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
        "abstract": "Objective: A prospective randomized trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in endemic regions of China. Methods: Between July 2002 and September 2005, 316 eligible patients that had non-keratinizing or undifferentiated NPC and were classified as stage III-IVB by the AJCC 5th Edition were enrolled in the study. The patients were treated with radiotherapy alone (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy (CRT). All patients were treated by definitive-intent radiation therapy. The CRT patients received concurrent Cisplatin (40 mg/m 2 on day 1) weekly during RT, followed by Cisplatin (80 mg/m 2 on day 1) and Fluorouracil (800 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5) every 4 weeks for 3 cycles after completion of RT. All patients were assessed by intent-to-treat analysis. The overall survival (OS) rates, failure-free survival (FFS) rates, distant failure-free survival (D-FFS) rates, and locoregional failure-free survival (LR-FFS) rates were compared. The toxicity of the regimen and the patient reponse to it were evaluated. Results: The two groups were well balanced in the distribution of all prognostic factors and RT parameters, such as sex, age, performance status, staging method and clinical stage. The CRT group experienced significantly more acute toxicities (62.6% vs. 32.3%, P=0.000). There were 107 patients (68.4%) who completed all 7 cycles of concurrent chemotherapy, 84.2% of which had 6 cycles or more while 91% completed 5 cycles or more. Ninety-seven patients (61.4%) completed all 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. The 2-year OS rate was 89.8% for the CRT group, and 79.7% for the RT group (P=0.003). The FFS rate was 84.6% for the CRT group, and 72.5% for the RT group (P=0.001). The D-FFS rate was 86.5% for the CRT group, and 78.7% for the RT group (P= 0.024), while the LR-FFS rate for the CRT group was 98.0%, compared with 91.9% for the RT group (P= 0.007). Conclusion: In patients with locoregionally advanced NPC in endemic regions of China, concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the OS rate, FFS rate, D-FFS rate and LR-FFS rate. Further study is needed to confirm this effect.",
        "keywords": [
            "Adjuvant chemotherapy",
            "Concurrent chemotherapy",
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "Prospective randomized trial"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaobo Liang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanping Mao",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingfeng Zong",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Linglong Tang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Guo",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiangfa Zeng",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengzhong Liu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "EZnRMH4H": {
        "id": "EZnRMH4H",
        "title": "Preliminary results of a prospective randomized trial comparing concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy with radiotherapy alone in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma in endemic regions of china.",
        "abstract": "A prospective randomized trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of concurrent chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in endemic regions of China.Between July 2002 and September 2005, 316 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive either radiotherapy alone (RT) or chemoradiotherapy concurrent with adjuvant chemotherapy (CRT). All patients received 70 Gy in 7 weeks using standard RT portals and techniques. The CRT patients were given concurrent cisplatin (40 mg/m(2) on Day 1) weekly during RT, followed by cisplatin (80 mg/m(2) on Day 1) and fluorouracil (800 mg/m(2) on Days 1-5) every 4 weeks (Weeks 5, 9, and 13) for three cycles after completion of RT. All patients were analyzed by intent-to-treat analysis.The two groups were well-balanced in all prognostic factors and RT parameters. The CRT group experienced significantly more acute toxicity (62.6% vs. 32%, p = 0.000). A total of 107 patients (68%) and 97 patients (61%) completed all cycles of concurrent chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy, with a median follow-up time of 29 months. The 2-year overall survival rate, failure-free survival rate, distant failure-free survival rate, and locoregional failure-free survival rate for the CRT and RT groups were 89.8% vs. 79.7% (p = 0.003), 84.6% vs. 72.5% (p = 0.001), 86.5% vs. 78.7% (p = 0.024), and 98.0% vs. 91.9% (p = 0.007), respectively.This trial demonstrated the significant survival benefits of concurrent chemotherapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced NPC in endemic regions of China.",
        "keywords": [
            "prospective randomized trial",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "concurrent chemotherapy",
            "adjuvant chemotherapy",
            "chinese",
            "acute toxicity",
            "randomized trial",
            "intent to treat"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng-Zhong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing-Feng Zong",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Ping Mao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling-Long Tang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Guo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of National Clinical Study Center for Anticancer Drugs, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Hua Lin",
                "org": "Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang-Fa Zeng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "S1nwnoqp": {
        "id": "S1nwnoqp",
        "title": "Landscape perception based on personal attributes in determining the scenic beauty of in-stand natural secondary forests",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "bing sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shaobo liao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "lei chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shuixing luo",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "rkqtKknf": {
        "id": "rkqtKknf",
        "title": "Adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Long-term results of a phase 3 multicentre randomised controlled trial",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Aim of the study  Previous results from our trial showed that adjuvant cisplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy did not significantly improve survival after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at 2 years. Here, we present the data of long-term survival and late toxicities to further assess the ultimate therapeutic index of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).    Methods  Patients with stage III–IVB (except T3-4N0) NPC were randomly assigned to receive CCRT plus AC or CCRT only at seven institutions in China. Patients in both groups received cisplatin 40 mg/m 2  weekly up to 7 weeks concurrently with radiotherapy. The CCRT plus AC group subsequently received adjuvant cisplatin 80 mg/m 2  and fluorouracil 800 mg/m 2 /d for 120 h every 4 weeks for three cycles. The primary end-point was failure-free survival.    Results  Two hundred and fifty-one patients were randomised to the CCRT plus AC group and 257 to the CCRT only group. After a median follow-up of 68.4 months, estimated 5-year failure-free survival rate was 75% in the CCRT plus AC group and 71% in the CCRT only group (hazard ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.64–1.22; p = 0.45). 66 (27%) of 249 patients in the CCRT plus AC group and 53 (21%) of 254 patients in the CCRT only group developed one or more late grade 3–4 toxicities (p = 0.14).    Conclusion  Adjuvant cisplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy still failed to demonstrate significant survival benefit after CCRT in locoregionally advanced NPC based on the long-term follow-up data, and addition of adjuvant cisplatin and fluorouracil did not significantly increase late toxicities.    Registration number   NCT00677118 .",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lei Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Su Hu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiao Zhong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guang Ji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo Qing Hu",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 128 San Yang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Bin Cheng",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 52 Mei Hua Road East, Zhuhai, 519000, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Sun",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, 52 Bu Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wei Xiong Li",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangdong General Hospital, 106 Zhong Shan Second Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Y",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fang Yun Xie",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shao Bo Liang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 Lingnan Avenue North, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ting Ting Xu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, 270 Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Li",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 38 Guang Ji Road, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guo Xian Long",
                "org": "Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 128 San Yang Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Si Yang Wang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 52 Mei Hua Road East, Zhuhai, 519000, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bao Min Zheng",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, 52 Bu Cheng Road, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Guo",
                "org": "Clinical Trials Centre, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Ping Mao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling Long Tang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Ming Chen",
                "org": "Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng Zhong Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "European Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "xxluJDgY": {
        "id": "xxluJDgY",
        "title": "Retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma detected by magnetic resonance imaging",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "magnetic resonance imaging",
            "staging"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "linglong tang",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "li li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanping mao",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "lizhi liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shaobo liang",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "ying sun",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "xinbiao liao",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "li tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "aihua lin",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "mengzhong liu",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "jun ma",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "Ee1WpgKA": {
        "id": "Ee1WpgKA",
        "title": "The volume to be irradiated during selective neck irradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: analysis of the spread patterns in lymph nodes by magnetic resonance imaging.",
        "abstract": "For this report, the authors analyzed the spread pattern of lymph node (LN) metastases in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, the efficacy of selective neck irradiation was assessed based on the volume irradiated.This was a retrospective review of data from 924 patients with newly diagnosed and nondisseminated NPC who underwent MRI and treatment between January 2003 and December 2004.According to the criteria for involved LNs detected by MRI, the incidence of LN metastases was 85.1% (786 of 924 patients). An analysis of the distribution of LN metastases in these 786 patients demonstrated that the retropharyngeal LNs (RLN) and Level II LNs were the most frequently involved regions, followed in order by Level III and Level V LNs, Level IV LNs, and supraclavicular fossa (SCF) LNs. In only 4 of 786 patients (0.5%) did metastasis skip LNs in their progression. In addition, 5 of 354 patients (1.4%) who had unilateral, higher level LN metastases (including RLNs and Level II LNs) had contralateral or bilateral, lower level LN involvement (including Level III, Level IV, Level V, and SCF LNs). In patients who had LN-negative (N0) disease, the risks of regional recurrence and distant metastasis did not differ statistically between patients with inferior border of the neck irradiation field either at the cricoid cartilage or below the cricoid cartilage.By using MRI, LN metastases spread in an orderly fashion from higher level LNs to lower level LNs. The current results did not support prophylactic irradiation of Level IV and SCF LNs in patients who were negative for LN metastases, and these concepts need to be tested clinically before they may be recommended generally.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Linglong Tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanping Mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lizhi Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaobo Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinbiao Liao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Aihua Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengzhong Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "WKBGXnIi": {
        "id": "WKBGXnIi",
        "title": "Extension of local disease in nasopharyngeal carcinoma detected by magnetic resonance imaging: improvement of clinical target volume delineation.",
        "abstract": "To define by MRI the local extension patterns in patients presenting with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to improve clinical target volume delineation.Consecutive patients (N = 943) with newly diagnosed and untreated NPC were included in this study. All patients underwent MRI of the nasopharynx and neck, which was reviewed by two radiologists.According to the incidence rates of tumor invasion, the anatomic sites surrounding the nasopharynx were initially classified into three risk grades: high risk (> or = 35%), medium risk (> or = 5-35%), and low risk (< 5%). Incidence rates of tumor invasion into anatomic sites at medium risk were increased, reaching 55.2%, when adjacent high-risk anatomic sites were involved. However, the rates were substantially lower, mostly < 10%, when adjacent high-risk sites were not involved. The incidence rates of concurrent tumor invasion into bilateral sites were < 10%, except in the case of prevertebral muscle involvement (13.1%). Among the 178 incidences of cavernous sinus invasion, there were often two or more simultaneous infiltration routes (60.6%); when only one route was involved, the foramen ovale was the most common (26.4%).In patients presenting with NPC, local disease spreads stepwise from proximal sites to more distal sites. Tumors extend quickly through privileged pathways such as neural foramina. The anatomic sites surrounding the nasopharynx are at low risk of concurrent bilateral tumor invasion. Selective radiotherapy of the local disease in NPC may be feasible.",
        "keywords": [
            "local extension patterns",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "magnetic resonance imaging",
            "intensity-modulated radiotherapy",
            "clinical target volume delineation",
            "therapy",
            "medicine",
            "digestive system",
            "radiology",
            "hazards",
            "respiratory system",
            "nuclear medicine",
            "incidence rate",
            "intensity modulation",
            "magnetic resonance image"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shao-Bo Liang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Zhi Liu",
                "org": "Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Ping Mao",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling-Long Tang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Tian",
                "org": "Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Hua Lin",
                "org": "Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Meng-Zhong Liu",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "TLnbONKd": {
        "id": "TLnbONKd",
        "title": "Prognostic value of prevertebral space involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on intensity-modulated radiotherapy.",
        "abstract": "To investigate the prognostic significance of prevertebral space involvement (PSI) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).A retrospective review of data from 506 biopsy-proven, nonmetastatic NPCs was performed. Patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging examinations and received IMRT as their primary treatment.In this series, 161 NPC patients (31.8%) had PSI. Parapharyngeal space (p < 0.001), skull base (p < 0.001), and paranasal sinuses (p = 0.009) were associated with PSI after multivariate analysis. The 4-year overall survival (OS), local relapse-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) for NPC patients with and without PSI was 69.1% and 89.2% (p < 0.0001), 83.9% and 96.4% (p < 0.0001), and 71.6% and 89.6% (p < 0.0001), respectively. Multivariate analysis identified PSI as an independent negative prognostic factor for both OS (HR = 1.478-4.380; p = 0.001) and DMFS (HR = 1.389-4.174; p = 0.002). Patients with PSI had similar survival rates in OS and DMFS (p = 0.241 and p = 0.493, respectively) to that of T4 disease, while the differences between PSI and T3 disease in both OS and DMFS were distinctly significant (p = 0.029 and p = 0.029, respectively).For NPC patients treated with IMRT, PSI was found to be an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DMFS. It seems reasonable that PSI should be classified as a T4 disease on the basis of the current American Joint Committee on Cancer staging classification criteria.",
        "keywords": [
            "prognosis",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "magnetic resonance imaging",
            "intensity-modulated radiotherapy",
            "prevertebral space"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guan-qun Zhou",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Ping Mao",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fei Li",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Zhi Liu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Tian",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Hua Lin",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center(State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "IOqZKcUb": {
        "id": "IOqZKcUb",
        "title": "The volume to be irradiated during selective neck irradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
        "abstract": "BACKGROUND: For this report, the authors analyzed the spread pattern of lymph node (LN) metastases in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, the efficacy of selective neck irradiation was assessed based on the volume irradiated. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of data from 924 patients with newly diagnosed and nondisseminated NPC who underwent MRI and treatment between January 2003 and December 2004. RESULTS: According to the criteria for involved LNs detected by MRI, the incidence of LN metastases was 85.1% (786 of 924 patients). An analysis of the distribution of LN metastases in these 786 patients demonstrated that the retropharyngeal LNs (RLN) and Level II LNs were the most frequently involved regions, followed in order by Level III and Level V LNs, Level IV LNs, and supraclavicular fossa (SCF) LNs. In only 4 of 786 patients (0.5%) did metastasis skip LNs in their progression. In addition, 5 of 354 patients (1.4%) who had unilateral, higher level LN metastases (including RLNs and Level II LNs) had contralateral or bilateral, lower level LN involvement (including Level III, Level IV, Level V, and SCF LNs). In patients who had LN-negative (N0) disease, the risks of regional recurrence and distant metastasis did not differ statistically between patients with inferior border of the neck irradiation field either at the cricoid cartilage or below the cricoid cartilage. CONCLUSIONS: By using MRI, LN metastases spread in an orderly fashion from higher level LNs to lower level LNs. The current results did not support prophylactic irradiation of Level IV and SCF LNs in patients who were negative for LN metastases, and these concepts need to be tested clinically before they may be recommended generally. © 2008 American Cancer Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "Lymph node metastases",
            "Magnetic resonance imaging",
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "Radiotherapy",
            "Selective neck irradiation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Linglong Tang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanping Mao",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lizhi Liu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaobo Liang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XinBiao Liao",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Aihua Lin",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengzhong Liu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "NDE3bLx7": {
        "id": "NDE3bLx7",
        "title": "Grading of MRI-detected skull-base invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its prognostic value.",
        "abstract": "Our aim was to grade MRI-detected skull-base invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and evaluate the prognostic value of the grading.The MRI scans and medical records of 924 patients with histologically diagnosed nondisseminated nasopharyngeal carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively.MRI-detected skull-base invasion was not found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival, distant metastasis-free survival, or local relapse-free survival (p > .05 for all). Grading of skull-base erosion according to the site of invasion was found to be an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (p = .003 and p = .006, respectively) and distant metastasis-free survival (p = .001 for both) in the 512 patients with skull-base invasions and 315 patients with T3 disease.MRI-detected skull-base invasion is not an independent prognostic factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, grading according to the site of invasion as either low grade or severe has prognostic value.",
        "keywords": [
            "grading",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "magnetic resonance imaging",
            "prognostic value",
            "skull-base invasion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lei Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Zhi Liu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Ping Mao",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ling-Long Tang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Hua Lin",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": "Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhongshan University,Sun Yat-Sen University,Sun Yat-sen University),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Head & neck",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "zkGbl3wW": {
        "id": "zkGbl3wW",
        "title": "Kidney fibrosis in hypertensive rats: role of oxidative stress.",
        "abstract": "Fibrosis of the glomerulus and the tubulointerstitium occurs in patients with hypertension. Studies have shown that renal oxidative stress appears in hypertensive kidney disease. The potential role of oxidative stress in renal fibrogenesis remains to be elucidated. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress contributes to the development of renal fibrosis during hypertension.Sprague-Dawley rats received angiotensin II (AngII; 9 microg/h s.c.) for 4 weeks with/without co-treatment of antioxidants, apocynin and tempol (120 mg/kg/day each, p.o.). Untreated rats served as controls. Appearance of renal oxidative stress and its effect on the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1), population of myofibroblasts, collagen synthesis/degradation and fibrosis in kidneys were examined. Chronic AngII infusion elevated systemic blood pressure (228 +/- 6 mm Hg), which was accompanied with extensive renal fibrosis and oxidative stress represented as upregulated NADPH oxidase and suppressed superoxide dismutase (SOD). Co-treatment with antioxidants led to: (1) markedly decreased renal NADPH oxidase; (2) significantly attenuated gene expression of TGF-beta(1), type I collagen, and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-I/-II in the kidney; (3) largely reduced population of myofibroblasts in both the cortex and medulla; (4) significantly reduced renal collagen volume, and (5) partially suppressed blood pressure (190 +/- 8 mm Hg). Thus, prolonged AngII administration promotes renal oxidative stress, which is associated with hypertensive renal disease. AngII induces renal oxidative stress by increasing NADPH oxidase and reducing SOD in the kidney, which, in turn, upregulates collagen synthesis, while suppressing collagen degradation, thereby promoting the development of fibrosis in kidneys of hypertensive rats.",
        "keywords": [
            "matrix metalloproteinase",
            "transforming growth factor",
            "up regulation",
            "blood pressure",
            "gene expression",
            "immunohistochemistry",
            "myofibrils",
            "in situ hybridization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wenyuan Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Sue S Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanjian Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Robert A Ahokas",
                "org": "university of tennessee health science center"
            },
            {
                "name": "ying sun",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "American journal of nephrology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "2qX2FOJ0": {
        "id": "2qX2FOJ0",
        "title": "The Prognostic Value of Prevertebral Space Involvement in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma based on Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy",
        "abstract": "Conclusions For NPC patients treated with IMRT, PSI was found to be an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DMFS. It seems reasonable that PSI should be classified as a T4 disease on the basis of the current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging classification criteria.",
        "keywords": [
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "Magnetic resonance imaging",
            "Intensity-modulated radiotherapy",
            "Prognosis",
            "Prevertebral space"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Guan-qun Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan-Ping Mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lei Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wen-Fei Li",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Zhi Liu",
                "org": "Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Tian",
                "org": "Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ai-Hua Lin",
                "org": "Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": "Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics",
        "year": ""
    },
    "yCzLp8Va": {
        "id": "yCzLp8Va",
        "title": "Retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma detected by magnetic resonance imaging : prognostic value and staging categories.",
        "abstract": "Retropharyngeal lymph node (RLN) metastasis was not included in the current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system (6th edition) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The object of the current study was to investigate the prognostic value and staging categories of RLN metastasis in NPC detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).All 924 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed NPC were examined with MRI before treatment with definitive intent radiotherapy.The incidence of RLN metastasis was 73.5%. On multivariate analysis, RLN metastasis was found to be an independent prognostic factor for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in all patients (P = .040). In patients with N0 disease, significant differences were observed between patients with and those without RLN metastasis after adjusting for T classification (P = .046). With regard to laterality, no significant differences were observed in DMFS between patients with unilateral and bilateral RLN metastasis in N0 disease (P = .734). No significant difference in the hazards ratios for either DMFS or disease-free survival (DFS) was found between patients with N0 disease with RLN metastasis and patients with N1 disease (P = .092 and P = .149, respectively). When RLN was classified as N1 disease, there was a better segregation of different N classifications in terms of DFS and DMFS curves, whereas the difference in hazards ratios for N0 and N1 disease was more obvious in DMFS (from 0.461 vs 0.785 to 0.317 vs 0.690).The results of the current MRI-based study demonstrate that RLN metastasis affects the DMFS rates of NPC. The authors propose that RLN metastasis be classified as N1 disease, regardless of its laterality.",
        "keywords": [
            "staging",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "magnetic resonance imaging",
            "prognostic value",
            "retropharyngeal lymph node"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Linglong Tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanping Mao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lizhi Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaobo Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Sun",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinbiao Liao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Tian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Aihua Lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Mengzhong Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Ma",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "ESgpc5O0": {
        "id": "ESgpc5O0",
        "title": "Draft Genome Sequence of an Acinetobacter Genomic Species 3 Strain Harboring a blaNDM-1 Gene",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yujun cui",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "fei pu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "guoqin jiang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiangna zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yanting yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "wei zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "d li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hui liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ting liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yan wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "qing song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jiyong yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "long liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "r yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "li han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yajun song",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Bacteriology",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "xNj7eTk5": {
        "id": "xNj7eTk5",
        "title": "Prostate tumor overexpressed-1, in conjunction with human papillomavirus status, predicts outcome in early-stage human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.",
        "abstract": "In human cancer, molecular markers combined with clinical characteristics are used increasingly to predict prognosis. Prostate tumor overexpressed-1 (PTOV1), first identified in prostate cancer, is a key factor in tumor progression and correlates with unfavorable clinical outcomes. HPV infection status was tested by HPV E6-targeted multiplex real-time PCR and p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC). Real-time PCR and western blotting analyses were used to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels of PTOV1 in eight paired LSCC samples. IHC was performed to assess PTOV1 protein expression in 196 paraffin-embedded, archived LSCC samples. PTOV1 protein and mRNA expression was increased in LSCC tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples. High expression of PTOV1was significantly associated with advanced TNM stage by the χ2 test. Multivariate analysis revealed that PTOV1 and HPV status were independent prognostic indicators of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.001, P = 0.009 for OS, P = 0.005, P = 0.012 for PFS, respectively). Our study provides the first evidence that the combination of PTOV1 expression level and HPV status provides more prognostic information compared with HPV status alone with the significance still exists in the HPV negative subgroup. ",
        "keywords": [
            "HPV",
            "biomarker",
            "laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma",
            "prognosis",
            "prostate tumor overexpressed-1"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lin Yang",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongzhi Wang",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenyu He",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyang Chen",
                "org": "The Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaobo Liang",
                "org": "The First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shasha He",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shu Wu",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Libing Song",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Oncotarget",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "98n6O082": {
        "id": "98n6O082",
        "title": "C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio (CAR) as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Non-Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.",
        "abstract": " The C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/ALB) ratio has recently been associated with clinical outcomes in patients suffering various types of cancer. In this retrospective study, we investigated the prognostic value of the pre-treatment CRP/ALB ratio (CAR) in non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.  The cohort included 2685 patients with non-metastatic NPC. Univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazards analyses were applied to evaluate the associations of CAR with overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) in patients with NPC. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses was used to compare groups classified by CAR.  Patients were categorised by the CAR using a cut-off value of 0.064. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis verified that high CAR level was a significant predictor for inferior OS ( = 0.003), DMFS ( = 0.035), and LRRFS ( = 0.024), but not for DFS ( = 0.093). CAR was also an independent prognostic factor for OS when stratified by Epstein-Barr virus DNA level ( ≥ 2560 or < 2560 copies ml). : High CAR provides prognostication regarding OS, DMFS, DFS, and LRRFS in patients with NPC. CAR is a valuable coadjutant for Epstein-Barr virus DNA levels for identifying survival differences.",
        "keywords": [
            "C-reactive protein",
            "Epstein-Barr virus DNA",
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "albumin",
            "prognosis."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ShaSha He",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No.651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No.651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "HaiYang Chen",
                "org": "The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Yang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No.651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "ShaoBo Liang",
                "org": "The First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "LiXia Lu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No.651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No.651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China.; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "5sZLGdGD": {
        "id": "5sZLGdGD",
        "title": "Effect of CRP and Kinetics of CRP in Prognosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.",
        "abstract": "Baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) has been determined as a prognostic factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study was designed to further evaluate the impact of CRP kinetics on NPC patients. Thousand three hundred and seventy eight NPC patients from February 2001 to June 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. CRP were measured at beginning, middle, and the end of the treatment. The endpoints were overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS). Patients were divided into three groups according to baseline CRP and CRP kinetics: (1) continuously normal group: patients whose baseline CRP normal and never elevated, (2) ever-elevated group: patients whose CRP ever elevated regardless time points, (3) continuously elevated group: patients whose baseline CRP elevated and never normalized. Baseline CRP, CRP after treatment, and CRP kinetics were correlated with TNM stage, T stage, and N stage. Univariate and multivariate analysis identified that elevated baseline CRP and CRP after treatment had significant association with worse survival than normal CRP. Oppositely, elevated CRP during treatment was not associated with survival. Patients with continuously elevated CRP significantly had poor OS and DMFS (HR:2.610, 95%CI: 1.592-4.279,  < 0.001; HR:2.816, 95%CI: 1.486-5.302,  = 0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, CRP kinetics assessment is an independent prognostic factor for OS and DFMS in NPC patients (HR:2.512, 95%CI: 1.452-4.346,  = 0.001; HR:3.389, 95%CI: 1.734-6.625,  = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, elevated CRP at baseline and after treatment are predictive factors of poor prognosis for NPC. The study of CRP kinetics shows that continuously elevated CRP during treatment might indicate an unfavorable prognosis for NPC.",
        "keywords": [
            "C-reactive protein",
            "kinetics",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "prognosis",
            "radiotherapy"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ruiwan Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Zhou",
                "org": "Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yujie Yuan",
                "org": "Center of Gastroinestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Qun Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shasha He",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yufeng Ren",
                "org": "Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in oncology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "gGazBzkh": {
        "id": "gGazBzkh",
        "title": "High C-reactive protein/albumin ratio predicts unfavorable distant metastasis-free survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis.",
        "abstract": "CAR is an inexpensive and easy-to-measure inflammatory index that may aid clinicians in the development of individualized treatment and follow-up strategies for patients with non-metastatic NPC.",
        "keywords": [
            "C-reactive protein",
            "albumin",
            "metastasis",
            "nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "prognosis",
            "propensity score"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Yang",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liangping Xia",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer management and research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "rH3ecqOE": {
        "id": "rH3ecqOE",
        "title": "Primary Tumour Resection Could Improve the Survival of Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving Bevacizumab-Containing Chemotherapy.",
        "abstract": "The mCRC patients who received PTR and bevacizumab combination chemotherapy had better clinical outcomes than patients who did not receive PTR. PTR also decreased the incidence of severe clinical events and improved quality of life.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiming Wang",
                "org": "Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Liang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiyi Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Rongyuan Zhuang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuehong Cui",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuhong Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tianshu Liu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "6JD3UAiq": {
        "id": "6JD3UAiq",
        "title": "Low Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) Predicts Unfavorable Distant Metastasis-Free Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.",
        "abstract": "PNI, an inexpensive and easily assessable inflammatory index, could aid clinicians in developing individualized treatment and follow-up strategies for patients with non-metastatic NPC.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lin Yang",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liangping Xia",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaodong Hong",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyang Chen",
                "org": "The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaobo Liang",
                "org": "The First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peijian Peng",
                "org": "The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "PloS one",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "85kmkDb7": {
        "id": "85kmkDb7",
        "title": "Pretreatment Alkaline Phosphatase and Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Predict Poor Prognosis and Response to Salvage Radiotherapy in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Metachronous Bone-Only Metastasis.",
        "abstract": " : The bones are the most common site of distant metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Few prognostic markers are available to guide treatment and sub-classify patients with bone metastasis. We aimed to identify the prognostic value of pretreatment serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA (EBV DNA) in patients with bone-only metastasis.  : A total of 272 patients who developed bone-only metastases after therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized according to pretreatment serum ALP (< or ≥ 110 U/L) and pretreatment plasma EBV DNA (< or ≥ 6,750 copies ml). Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical variables were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.  : Median OS for the cohort was 34.06 months (range, 2.53-143.87 months). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis verified pretreatment serum ALP and pretreatment plasma EBV DNA were independent prognostic factors for OS. In stratified survival analysis of patients with elevated pretreatment serum ALP and/or plasma EBV DNA, delivery of radiotherapy (RT) to bone metastases provided a significant OS benefit compared to other therapeutic methods ( < 0.05).  : This study demonstrates two important points: firstly, pretreatment serum ALP and plasma EBV DNA have prognostic value at the first diagnosis of bone-only metastasis in NPC. Secondly, radiotherapy of bone metastasis improves the prognosis of patients with elevated pretreatment serum ALP and plasma EBV DNA.",
        "keywords": [
            "Epstein-Barr virus DNA",
            "Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
            "alkaline phosphatase",
            "bone metastasis",
            "prognosis."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ShaSha He",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China;; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China;; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao Peng",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China;; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Yang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China;; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "HaiYang Chen",
                "org": "The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "ShaoBo Liang",
                "org": "The First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "LiXia Lu",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China;; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, China;; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China;; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Cancer",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "cEoLLVLa": {
        "id": "cEoLLVLa",
        "title": "Development and External Validation of Nomograms for Predicting Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients after Definitive Radiotherapy.",
        "abstract": "The distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) differ significantly among individuals even within the same clinical stages. The purpose of this retrospective study was to build nomograms incorporating plasma EBV DNA for predicting DMFS and OS of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after definitive radiotherapy. A total of 1168 non-metastatic NPC patients from two institutions were included to develop the nomograms. Seven and six independent prognostic factors were identified to build the nomograms for OS and DMFS, respectively. The models were externally validated by a separate cohort of 756 NPC patients from the third institutions. For predicting OS, the c-index of the nomogram was significantly better than that of the TNM staging system (Training cohort, P = 0.005; validation cohort, P = 0.03). The c-index of nomogram for DMFS in the training and validation set were both higher than that of TNM classification with marginal significance (P = 0.048 and P = 0.057, respectively). The probability of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and DMFS showed optimal agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation. The proposed stratification of risk groups based on the nomograms allowed significant distinction between Kaplan-Meier curves for survival outcomes. The prognostic nomograms could better stratify patients into different risk groups.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lin Yang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, 651 Dongfeng Road east, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaodong Hong",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, 651 Dongfeng Road east, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Wang",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, 651 Dongfeng Road east, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haiyang Chen",
                "org": "The Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaobo Liang",
                "org": "The First Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peijian Peng",
                "org": "The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, 651 Dongfeng Road east, Guangzhou, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Scientific reports",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "KWuEzlsV": {
        "id": "KWuEzlsV",
        "title": "Spreading Patterns, Prognostic factors and Treatment Outcomes of Nasopharyngeal Papillary Adenocarcinoma and Salivary Gland‐type Carcinomas",
        "abstract": "ObjectivesIn this study, we aim to analyse the different spreading patterns, prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (NPAC) and salivary gland-type carcinomas (NPCs).Design, setting and participantThe current study report on a retrospective analysis of oncologic outcome of 76 pathologically confirmed consecutive cases of nasopharyngeal adenocarcinomas (NAC), including 31 NPAC, 33 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC) and 12 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC).Main outcome measureOverall survival rates (OS) and disease-free survival rates (DFS).ResultsIn 12 patients with cranial nerve (CN) palsy, there were ACC (n = 9), NPAC (n = 2) and MEC (n = 1) (P = 0.016). CT-/MRI-detected CN involvements were found in 22 patients. Lymph node metastasis was observed in 25.8% of NPAC (n = 8), 12.1% of ACC (n = 4) and 8.3% of MEC (n = 1). Significant differences were observed in 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates between patients with and without CT-/MRI-detected CN involvement (P = 0.002 and P = 0.002, respectively), and similar results were found between patients with and without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.002 and P = 0.018, respectively). In 37 patients with early-stage disease (stages I–II), significant differences were observed in 5-year OS and DFS rates between the surgical and non-surgical treated groups (P = 0.031 and P = 0.012, respectively). In 39 patients with advanced-stage disease (stages III–IV), significant or marginally differences were observed in DFS and OS between the chemoradiotherapy and non-chemoradiotherapy groups (P = 0.007 and P = 0.062, respectively).ConclusionsACC has a higher CN invasion than NPAC and MEC, and NPAC has the highest rate of lymphatic metastases. CT-/MRI-detected CN involvements and lymph node metastasis indicate a negative impact on the prognosis. The outcome of surgical patients in our series is encouraging in early-stage NPAC and NPCs, and chemoradiotherapy may be the optimal treatment for the advanced-stage patients.",
        "keywords": [
            "oncology"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "lizhi liu",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "youming zhang",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "li li",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Clinical Otolaryngology",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "M4sJ8bAP": {
        "id": "M4sJ8bAP",
        "title": "Abstract 453: Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "ying huang",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "weiwei xiao",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "shengfa su",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "fei han",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            },
            {
                "name": "bin s teh",
                "org": "houston methodist hospital"
            },
            {
                "name": "taixiang lu",
                "org": "sun yat sen university"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "SbeVEW1q": {
        "id": "SbeVEW1q",
        "title": "Abstract 453: Prognostic value of18F-FDG PET/CT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma:",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ying Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "WeiWei Xiao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "ShengFa Su",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fei Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin S. Teh",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "TaiXiang Lu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Cancer Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "EfpLI06j": {
        "id": "EfpLI06j",
        "title": "Robust adaptive finite time parameter estimation with relaxed persistence of excitation.",
        "abstract": "In this paper, a novel robust adaptive finite time parameter estimation method is proposed to solve the parameter estimation problem for a class of linearly parameterized nonlinear systems. The main feature of the proposed methods is that concurrent learning technique is incorporated into the existing parameter estimation method such that the strict PE condition on the regression matrix is relaxed to a rank condition on the recorded data, which makes the presented method more practical. Furthermore, the convergence rate of the proposed parameter update law is improved significantly due to the consideration of the recorded data in the construction of the filtered regression vector/matrix. The simulation results of the existing general nonlinear system illustrate the aforementioned features. Comparison with existing methods from literatures proves the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jianhui Zhi",
                "org": "Department of Electrical and Flight Control, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Department of Electrical and Flight Control, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Electrical and Flight Control, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Department of Electrical and Flight Control, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Shi",
                "org": "Department of Electrical and Flight Control, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710038, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ASCC",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Ke6kq3aS": {
        "id": "Ke6kq3aS",
        "title": "Leaderless output consensus of multi-agent systems with distinct relative degrees under switching directed topologies",
        "abstract": "In the existing literatures, almost all the consensus protocols are designed for multi-agent systems with identical orders. In practice, the multi-agent systems are likely to be composed of agents with distinct orders. This study investigates the leaderless output consensus problem for heterogeneous non-linear multi-agent systems with distinct relative degrees under switching directed topologies for the first time. To solve this problem, the considered systems are transformed into the high-order integral multi-agent systems with different orders by feedback linearisation. Under uniformly jointly quasi-strongly connected topologies, two novel protocols are first proposed to solve the consensus and sinusoidal synchronisation problems, respectively, including the static feedback protocol and the dynamic feedback protocol based on dual system of each agent. Then, the relationship between high-order integral systems with different orders and the corresponding first-order integral systems is revealed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed protocols is illustrated by two simulation examples.",
        "keywords": [
            "network theory (graphs)",
            "synchronisation",
            "multi-agent systems",
            "feedback",
            "distributed control",
            "directed graphs",
            "nonlinear systems",
            "control system synthesis",
            "matrix algebra"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chao Ding",
                "org": "Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Aeronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Shi",
                "org": "Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Aeronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Aeronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IET Control Theory & Applications",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "u9RMKNrJ": {
        "id": "u9RMKNrJ",
        "title": "Adaptive neural control for a class of non-affine pure-feedback nonlinear systems",
        "abstract": "ABSTRACTA novel adaptive neural control scheme is designed for a class of pure-feedback nonlinear systems with non-affine functions possibly being discontinuous. The non-affine function is not necessary to be continuous with respect to control variables or input, and the bounds of non-affine function are unknown functions. Some compact sets are constructively introduced to investigate the bounds of non-affine function so as to cope with the difficulty from these unknown bounds. Moreover, the dynamic surface control technique has been utilised for handling with the problem of ‘explosion of complexity’, and the minimal learning parameter technique is also employed to overcome the problem of excessive parameters. Furthermore, it is highly proved that all the variables will always stay in the introduced compact sets, and all the signals in the closed-loop control system are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded by choosing the appropriate design parameters. Finally, simulation examples are provided to de...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Renwei Zuo",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’ an, 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’ an, 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’ an, 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’ an, 710038, People's Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Shi",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’ an, 710038, People's Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Control",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "oRJ149Gj": {
        "id": "oRJ149Gj",
        "title": "Robust Adaptive Fault Estimation for a Class of Over-actuated Systems with Loss of Effectiveness Actuator Faults",
        "abstract": "Focusing on the fault estimation problem of a class of over-actuated systems in the presence of loss of effectiveness actuator faults, we propose a robust adaptive fault estimation method. In this method, the persistence of excitation condition required by parameter estimation methods is relaxed via concurrent learning technique. Bounded external disturbance is eliminated by constructing the estimation error information with a series of filtered system variables. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Aeronautical Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710038"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhui Zhi",
                "org": "Aeronautical Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710038"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Aeronautical Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, 710038"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": "Shaanxi International College of Trade & Commerce, Xianyang, 712046"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yali Chen",
                "org": "PLA Air Force the 94916 unit, Nan Jing, 211100"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "chinese control conference",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "i5vQlKXa": {
        "id": "i5vQlKXa",
        "title": "Real-time drogue recognition and 3D locating for UAV autonomous aerial refueling based on monocular machine vision",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "xufeng wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xingwei kong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jianhui zhi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xinmin dong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Aeronautics",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "bq94pRRA": {
        "id": "bq94pRRA",
        "title": "Nonlinear Control Allocation for a Blended Wing Body Aircraft",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jian Yi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin-min Dong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhui Zhi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bing-xu Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian-chi Huang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "international conference on electrical engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "GUQPxaNP": {
        "id": "GUQPxaNP",
        "title": "Numerical Aerodynamic Characteristics Analysis of the Close Formation Flight",
        "abstract": "The aerodynamic characteristics of the close formation flight are numerically analyzed to facilitate a greater understanding of the vortex effects between UAVs and technically support the application of close formation flight for UAVs. The aerodynamic characteristics of a single UAV are calculated, the results of which are used as the reference to the variation of aerodynamic values in the comparison with close formation flight. The vortex effects of the leading UAV on the aerodynamic characteristics of the trailing UAV in the two UAV close formation flight are analyzed. The position where the trailing UAV obtains the maximum lift-to-drag ratio is defined as the optimal position. Based on the optimal position, three different types of three UAV formations are designed to explore the preliminary application of the aerodynamic benefits in the close formation flight for multiple UAVs. It is observed that the incremental aerodynamic forces and moments of the trailing UAV vary with the lateral and vertical spacing between the two UAVs, and the trailing UAV can obtain significant aerodynamic improvement if positioned at optimal position behind the leading UAV while in close formation flight. It is also proved that the aerodynamic characteristics of the close formation for three UAVs can be improved when the formation is designed based on the optimal position, and this will increase the range and endurance of the UAVs in operational application.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Dong Zhang",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Zhou",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Mathematical Problems in Engineering",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "ri7Bo6kO": {
        "id": "ri7Bo6kO",
        "title": "Performance Improvement of Finite Time Parameter Estimation with Relaxed Persistence of Excitation Condition",
        "abstract": "In this paper, a novel finite time parameter estimation method is proposed to solve the parameter estimation problem for a class of linearly parameterized nonlinear systems. The main feature of the proposed method is that the existing method is modified via concurrent learning technique such that the strict persistence of excitation (PE) condition on the regression matrix is relaxed to a rank condition on the recorded data. This makes the presented method more practical. Furthermore, the convergence rate is improved significantly by sliding mode technique in finite time sense. The simulation results of the existing general nonlinear system illustrate the aforementioned features. Comparison with existing methods from literature proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Li Zhao",
                "org": "Shaanxi Institute of International Trade & Commerce, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhui Zhi",
                "org": "Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ningning Yin",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Aeronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jin Li",
                "org": "School of Equipment Management and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiaolong Liu",
                "org": "66133 Unit of PLA, Beijing, People’s Republic of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "zUk0Qqw6": {
        "id": "zUk0Qqw6",
        "title": "Relaxing the Control-gain Assumptions of DSC Design for Nonlinear MIMO Systems.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Maolong Lv",
                "org": "Delft Center for Systems and Control, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD, 2628, The Netherlands"
            },
            {
                "name": "Simone Baldi",
                "org": "Department of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenqian Zhang",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Zhou",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710038, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ASCC",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "yUTXN5cn": {
        "id": "yUTXN5cn",
        "title": "Robust adaptive neural control for a class of non-affine nonlinear systems.",
        "abstract": "Abstract   This paper addresses the adaptive neural tracking control problem for a class of uncertain non-affine nonlinear system with non-affine function being semi-bounded and possibly non-differentiable. Compared with traditional control schemes, the proposed scheme can be applied to a more general class of non-affine nonlinear system, and relaxes constraint conditions as follows: firstly, the assumption that non-affine function must be differentiable is canceled, and only a continuous condition for non-affine function is required to guarantee the controllability of the considered system, secondly, the assumption that non-affine function is completely bounded is relaxed, and the non-affine function is constrained by a semi-bounded condition with the bounds being unknown functions. Then, an adaptive neural tracking controller is designed based on an invariant set. In the control design process, minimal learning parameter (MLP) technique is used to reduce the number of adaptive parameters, and a smooth robust compensator is employed to circumvent the influences of approximation error and external disturbance. Furthermore, it is proven that all the closed-loop signals are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chao Shi",
                "org": "Department of Flight Control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Department of Flight Control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianping Xue",
                "org": "Department of Flight Control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Flight Control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianhui Zhi",
                "org": "Department of Flight Control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Neurocomputing",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Lj64uDI0": {
        "id": "Lj64uDI0",
        "title": "Robust adaptive FTC allocation for over-actuated systems with uncertainties and unknown actuator non-linearity",
        "abstract": "In this study, a robust adaptive fault-tolerant control (FTC) allocation method is proposed to address the FTC problem of over-actuated systems in the presence of matched disturbance, unmodelled dynamics and unknown actuator non-linearity simultaneously. The main idea is to design the virtual control law via robust adaptive control and then distribute the virtual control among individual actuators by weighted pseudo-inverse control allocation whether the actuators are faulty or not. The virtual control consists of three terms: a linear term is designed through adaptive control to maintain stability, a non-linear term constructed by radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is used to approximate the unmodelled dynamics, and a robust term is added to eliminate the approximation error introduced by RBFNN as well as matched disturbance and unknown actuator non-linearity. With the aid of the Lyapunov stability theorem, the convergence of the closed-loop system is proven. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness, fault-tolerant capability and robustness of the proposed method.",
        "keywords": [
            "actuators",
            "adaptive control",
            "approximation theory",
            "closed loop systems",
            "control nonlinearities",
            "control system synthesis",
            "fault tolerant control",
            "Lyapunov methods",
            "neurocontrollers",
            "nonlinear control systems",
            "radial basis function networks",
            "robust control",
            "stability",
            "uncertain systems"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jianhui Zhi",
                "org": "Dept. of Flight Control &amp; Electr. Eng., Air Force Eng. Univ., Xi'an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Dept. of Flight Control &amp; Electr. Eng., Air Force Eng. Univ., Xi'an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Dept. of Flight Control &amp; Electr. Eng., Air Force Eng. Univ., Xi'an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Dept. of Flight Control &amp; Electr. Eng., Air Force Eng. Univ., Xi'an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Shi",
                "org": "Dept. of Flight Control &amp; Electr. Eng., Air Force Eng. Univ., Xi'an, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IET Control Theory & Applications",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "j82srTsH": {
        "id": "j82srTsH",
        "title": "A Novel Error-Compensation Control for a Class of High-Order Nonlinear Systems With Input Delay.",
        "abstract": "A novel tracking error-compensation-based adaptive neural control scheme is proposed for a class of high-order nonlinear systems with completely unknown nonlinearities and input delay. In the tracking errors of existing papers, there exist the following difficulties: first, output curve always lags behind the desired trajectory, second, some big peak errors cause a decrease in tracking precision, and third, a big initial value of the modified tracking error can make the closed-loop system unstable. To tackle them, three corresponding error-compensation terms are constructed, including a prediction and compensation term, an auxiliary signal produced by the constructed auxiliary system, and a damping term. However, inequality amplification caused by high order will weaken the effectiveness of the proposed error-compensation scheme, and the control precision will decrease under an assumption that the lower bounds of the unknown control coefficients should be exactly known. To overcome aforementioned difficulties, in the derivation of the first virtual control law, the radial basis function neural network is used to approximate a hybrid term online constructed by unknown nonlinearities, a lumped control coefficient achieved by state transformation, and the dynamic of the proposed error-compensation terms and desired signal. Meanwhile, input delay is coped with a robust compensation signal constructed based on a finite integral of the past control values. Finally, it is proven that all the closed-loop signals are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chao Shi",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinmin Dong",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Department of Flight control and Electrical Engineering, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learning Syst.",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "zK8OpBmi": {
        "id": "zK8OpBmi",
        "title": "Improved Dynamic Surface Control for a Class of Nonlinear Systems.",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zongcheng Liu",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Qiuni Li",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Maolong Lv",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Renwei Zuo",
                "org": "Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ASCC",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "3QwHZSdU": {
        "id": "3QwHZSdU",
        "title": "Synthesis of TiC Nanoparticles Anchored on Hollow Carbon Nanospheres for Enhanced Polysulfide Adsorption in Li-S Batteries.",
        "abstract": "A novel spatial confinement strategy based on a carbon/TiO /carbon sandwich structure is proposed to synthesize TiC nanoparticles anchored on hollow carbon nanospheres (TiC@C) through a carbothermal reduction reaction. During the synthesis process, two carbon layers not only serve as reductant to convert TiO into TiC nanoparticles, but also create a spatial confinement to suppress the aggregation of TiO , resulting in the formation of well-dispersed TiC nanoparticles. This unique TiC@C structure shows an outstanding long-term cycling stability at high rates owing to the strong physical and chemical adsorption of lithium polysulfides (i.e., a high capacity of 732.6 mA h g at 1600 mA g ) and it retains a capacity of 443.2 mA h g after 1000 cycles, corresponding to a decay rate of only 0.0395 % per cycle. Therefore, this unique TiC@C composite could be considered as an important candidate for the cathode material in Li-S batteries.",
        "keywords": [
            "batteries",
            "carbon nanospheres",
            "lithium-sulfur",
            "polysulfide adsorption",
            "titanium carbide"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihong Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, 570228, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ChemSusChem",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "mLk5vFih": {
        "id": "mLk5vFih",
        "title": "Synthesis and characterization of LiNi0.48Co0.18Mn0.3Mg0.02Ti0.02O2 as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries",
        "abstract": "The layered oxide material LiNi0.48Co0.18Mn0.3Mg0.02Ti0.02O2 has been synthesized via a co-precipitation assisted solid-phase method, and its crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical properties have been systematically investigated. Rietveld refinement of its X-ray diffraction data indicates a higher degree of the well-ordered crystallographic form, which provides LiNi0.48Co0.18Mn0.3Mg0.02Ti0.02O2 with superior cycle performance and rate capability. The initial discharge capacities of the electrode are 151.5 mA h g−1, 140.1 mA h g−1, 137.1 mA h g−1, 125.2 mA h g−1 and 115.3 mA h g−1 at the current of 0.5C, 1C, 2C, 3C and 5C, respectively. After 100 cycles at the same rates, 94%, 96%, 96%, 94% and 93% of the initial discharge capacity are retained. The improved electrochemical properties are attributed to the decrease in particle size and suppression of cation mixing due to doping with Mg and Ti. The results of this work indicate that LiNi0.48Co0.18Mn0.3Mg0.02Ti0.02O2 is a promising cathode material for Li-ion batteries.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Hou",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuo Zhu",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianlin Li",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "66XLw4z1": {
        "id": "66XLw4z1",
        "title": "3-Dimensional hierarchical porous activated carbon derived from coconut fibers with high-rate performance for symmetric supercapacitors",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Here we report a 3-dimensional hierarchical porous activated carbon (HPAC) prepared from coconut fibers with KOH activation, which exhibits high-rate performance for symmetric supercapacitors. At a 4:1 mass ratio of KOH to carbonized coconut fibers, the highest specific surface area of 2898 m 2  g − 1  with a pore volume of 1.59 cm 3  g − 1  (30% mesopores) is successfully achieved in a 3-dimensional HPAC. As a supercapacitor electrode combined with a 6 M KOH electrolyte, a high specific capacitance of 266 F g − 1  at a current of 0.1 A g − 1  is successfully achieved and an excellent rate performance up to 76% of its capacitance is retained at a high current of 100 A g − 1 . Additionally, in EMIMBF 4  electrolyte, 3-dimensional HPAC electrode exhibit a high capacitance of 155 F g − 1  at 0.1 A g − 1  and 142 F g − 1  at 10 A g − 1 . Owing to its excellent rate performance, 3-dimensional HPAC can deliver a high energy density of 53 Wh kg − 1  and a high power density of 8224 W kg − 1 , which shows promising application potential in energy storage devices.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lihong Yin",
                "org": "Laboratory of Tropic Biological Resources, MOE, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Laboratory of Tropic Biological Resources, MOE, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "Laboratory of Tropic Biological Resources, MOE, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoqin Zhao",
                "org": "Laboratory of Tropic Biological Resources, MOE, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Hou",
                "org": "Laboratory of Tropic Biological Resources, MOE, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "Laboratory of Tropic Biological Resources, MOE, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials & Design",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "CvhKfyFA": {
        "id": "CvhKfyFA",
        "title": "Enhanced high-rate capability and high voltage cycleability of Li2TiO3-coated LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials",
        "abstract": "For LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 materials, poor cycling stability is commonly observed under high-voltage operation (u003e4.3 V), particularly when accompanied by high-rate operation. Here, layered LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 was surface-modified by a Li2TiO3 coating and investigated during cycling for its high-rate capability as well as at different cutoff voltages. It was found that the Li2TiO3 coating effectively improved the battery performance, compared to the bare LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, which suffered a serious capacity fading on cycling. According to the results of charge/discharge experiments, the 6 wt%-coated sample delivered a high discharge capacity of 181.5 mA h g−1 at a rate of 1C (0.6 mA cm−2) under a high cutoff voltage (4.8 V). After 150 cycles, it still retained 69% capacity. This demonstrates that the coating strategy is an effective route to high energy density and high-voltage stable cathode materials for high-performance LIBs.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Hou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Jia",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihong Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "RSC Advances",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "R5zZ3oXk": {
        "id": "R5zZ3oXk",
        "title": "Correlating structural changes of the improved cyclability upon Nd-substitution in LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Spherical LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2  (NCM523), cycling to voltages greater than 4.3 V, often suffers from structure instability and the resultant inferior cyclability. Here, Nd is used as dopant into NCM523 to address this long-standing issue. The mechanism of Nd substitution effect on the structural evolution of NCM523 is also investigated.  In-situ  X-ray diffraction reveals that volume variation of the cathode could be alleviated due to the Nd doping effect. The larger-diameter Nd 3+ , integrating into the crystal lattice of NCM523 as a positively charged center, is beneficial to the diffusion of Li ion, stability of crystal phase and physical structure upon cycling.  In-situ  Raman spectroscopic measurements verify that partial Nd substitution can lead sustainable structure evolution during the first cycle. More importantly, the stable cut-off voltage could be enhanced to as high as 4.6 V.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingjun Guo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yiguang Wang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liao Zhang",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Jia",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy Storage Materials",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "s1wXTtby": {
        "id": "s1wXTtby",
        "title": "Surface chemistry of tube-in-tube nanostructured cuprous sulfide@void@carbon in catalytical polysulfides conversion",
        "abstract": "Polysulfides trapping to prevent shuttle effect by a variety of polar materials has been intensively studied in Li-S batteries. However, the underlying chemical interaction and reaction kinetics remain poorly understood. Here, focusing on the fundamental understanding of the interfacial chemistry between sulfur cathode materials and lithium polysulfides, we investigated a Cu2S@void@C host of sulfur, that is, a tube-in-tube nanostructure with polar Cu2S inner tube, conductive carbon outer tube and space in between. We found the Cu2S nanotubes not only have strong adsorptivity to polysulfides through chemical interaction between the CuO surface layer and polysulfieds, but also have catalytic effect to lower the energy barrier of charge transfer at the polysulfides-electrolyte/electrode interface. The Cu2S nanotubes are able to enhance reaction kinetics of polysulfides lithiation/delithiation and Li2S nucleation/oxidation. A binder free electrode (G-Cu2S@S@C) with the exquisite 3D conductive network was prepared by encapsulating sulfur into Cu2S@void@C and subsequently wrapping with graphene nanosheets. Remarkably, the G-Cu2S@S@C cathode of 3.5 mg/cm2 sulfur loading amount shows a significantly prolonged cycling stability and enhanced rate performance.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyuan Zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hai-Tao Fang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Chemistry",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "cW4G7WzW": {
        "id": "cW4G7WzW",
        "title": "Synthesis of Double-Shell SnO 2 @C Hollow Nanospheres as Sulfur/Sulfide Cages for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.",
        "abstract": "Double-shell SnO@C hollow nanospheres were synthesized by a template method, and then the sulfur was loaded to form a cathode material of S/SnO@C composite. In Li-S batteries, it delivered a high initial specific capacity of 1473.1 mAh/g at a current density of 200 mA/g, and the capacity retention was even up to 95.7% over 100 cycles at 3200 mA/g, i.e., a capacity fade rate of only 0.043% per cycle. These good electrochemical performances should be attributed to the SnO@C hollow nanospheres. They can enhance the electronic conductivity by the outside carbon shell, and confine the lithium polysulfides by S-Sn-O and S-C chemical bonds to suppress the shuttle effect. Besides, the hollow nanospheres can readily accommodate the sulfur/sulfides to prevent the electrical/mechanical failure of the cathode, instead of their agglomeration on the external surface of SnO@C.",
        "keywords": [
            "Li−S batteries",
            "SnO2",
            "chemical adsorption",
            "hollow nanospheres",
            "reaction kinetics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University , 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University , 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Hou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University , 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University , 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lihong Yin",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University , 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University , 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "oq7bi3a3": {
        "id": "oq7bi3a3",
        "title": "Hierarchical carbon microstructures prepared from oil-palm-shell tracheids for Li-S batteries",
        "abstract": "Hierarchical porous hollow carbon microstructures (HPHCMs) have been successfully prepared from the cheap and abundant natural resource of oil palm shells, which are a well-known host material for the sulfur electrode in Li–S batteries. In this preparation, the hollow tracheids are chemically isolated from oil palm shells, further heat-treated at 400 °C for carbonization and then calcined at 800 °C with KOH/K2CO3 for activation. In Li–S batteries, the as-prepared HPHCMs are loaded with 60 wt% sulfur to form the cathode material, which delivers an initial specific capacity of 1105 mA h g−1 and a high capacity retention of 74%, even after 100 cycles. Thus, this investigation provides a facile method for preparing hierarchical porous hollow carbon microstructures from plant tracheids, which can be applied excellently as electrode materials.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fenghui Zhao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Min Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si–Zr–Ti Resources, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "New Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "Nk8V0fOq": {
        "id": "Nk8V0fOq",
        "title": "Preparation of three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon microspheres for use as a cathode material in lithium-air batteries",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ning Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Dong-run Hu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Carbon",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "vfCecR73": {
        "id": "vfCecR73",
        "title": "A Collaboratively Polar-Conductive Interface for Accelerating Polysulfides Redox Conversion.",
        "abstract": "In order to alleviate the inferior cycle stability of sulfur cathode, a self-assembled SnO2-doped manganese silicate nanobubbles (SMN) is designed as sulfur/polysulfides host to immobilize the intermediate Li2Sx, and nitrogen-doped carbon (N-C) is coated on SMN (SMN@C). The exquisite N-C conductive network could not only provides sufficient free space for the volume expansion during the phase transition of solid sulfur into lithium sulfide, but also reduces Rct of SMN. During cycling, the soluble polysulfide could be fastened by the silicate with oxygen-rich functional group and hetero nitrogen atoms through chemical bonding, enabling a confined shuttle effect. The synergistic effect between N-C and SMN could also effectively facilitate the interconversion between lithium polysulfides and Li2S, reducing the potential barrier and accelerating the redox kinetics. With an areal sulfur loading of 2 mg/cm2, the S-SMN@C cathodes demonstrate a high initial capacity of 1204 mAh/g, i.e., 72% sulfur utilization at 0.1 C and an outstanding cycle stability with a capacity fade rate of 0.028%, ranging from 2nd cycle to 1000th cycle at 2 C.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyang Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Fang",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "xxQUHLIn": {
        "id": "xxQUHLIn",
        "title": "High-rate-induced capacity evolution of mesoporous C@SnO2@C hollow nanospheres for ultra-long cycle lithium-ion batteries",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Dual carbon shells coated SnO 2  hollow nanospheres (C@SnO 2 @C) are synthesized as anode material for lithium ion batteries, it delivers an almost constant capacity about 712.6 mAh g −1  after 300th cycles at 200 mA g −1 . A capacity recovery (more than 200%) is observed during the high rate (5 A g −1 ) long cycling process (10000 cycles). The discharge capacity of the C@SnO 2 @C electrode is only 194.5 mAh g −1  after 200 cycles. Afterwards the capacity increases gradually until the 3000th cycle up to 500 mAh g −1  and then keeps stable for the subsequent cycles without obvious capacity fading tendency after 10000 cycles. These superior electrochemical performances should be attributed to the synergistic effect between the double carbon coating layers and the refined nanosized SnO 2  nanocrystals. The double carbon coating layer could not only effectively provide buffers against the structural pulverization of electrodes during charge and discharge process through a novel spatial confinement strategy, but also facilitate the diffusion of electrons by enhancing the electronic conductivity. Thus, these benefits from the dually coated structure are able to provide a robust architecture for lithium-ion battery anodes.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "Harbin Institute of Technology"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ziqi Liu",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunyang Xu",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Huang",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Fang",
                "org": "School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Power Sources",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "dneeTa4P": {
        "id": "dneeTa4P",
        "title": "Flux growth and enhanced electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode material by excess lithium carbonate for lithium-ion batteries",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yanyu Qu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Jia",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Liao Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Baodong Du",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Alloys and Compounds",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "IMD4A6bC": {
        "id": "IMD4A6bC",
        "title": "A mulberry-like hollow carbon cluster decorated by Al-doped ZnO particles for advanced lithium-sulfur cathode",
        "abstract": "Abstract   To improve the electrochemical performances of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries and extend their cycle life, a mulberry-like Al-doped ZnO (AZO) particles decorating carbon cluster composite (C@AZO cluster) is synthesized as the Li-S cathode material. The C@AZO/S composite, with the sulfur content of 70 wt% and the sulfur mass loading of 2.2 mg cm −2 , delivers a high initial specific capacity of 974.2 mAh g −1  at the current density of 0.5C (1C = 1675 mAh g −1 ) and a low capacity decay of 0.12% per cycle over 300 cycles. In this composite, the interconnected primary carbon spheres decorated by conductive AZO particles provide a fast charge transmission network which could greatly enhance the reaction kinetics and rate performance of Li-S batteries. Meanwhile, the integrated architecture of carbon cluster and the polarity brought by AZO could effectively reduce the dissolution of polysulfides to improve the cycle stability.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Huang",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Fangyuan Zhao",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Liao Zhang",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyu Qu",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "9d1N4LAx": {
        "id": "9d1N4LAx",
        "title": "Highly c-axis oriented, self-biased and low loss barium ferrite thin films by sol-gel method",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Barium ferrite (BaM) thin films are deposited on Pt/TiO 2 /SiO 2 /Si wafers by sol-gel, and the orientation, self-biased property and millimeter wave loss were investigated. It is found that BaM has highly c-axis orientation, and the degree of texturing is as high as 0.97. Hysteresis loops reveal that saturated magnetization (4πM S ) is 4.1 kG, remanent magnetization is 94% of 4πM S , and BaM offer high self-biased property. In addition, the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurement indicated that this thin film yields an anisotropy field of 15.8 kOe, and a smallest FMR linewidth of 118 Oe at 50 GHz. These phenomenon mean that this BaM thin film is suitable for application in millimeter wave devices such as circulator, filter and phase shifters, etc.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guijuan Wang",
                "org": "State Key laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univertisiy, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuo Chen",
                "org": "State Key laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univertisiy, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univertisiy, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanxun Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingli Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials Letters",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "gKLk8INk": {
        "id": "gKLk8INk",
        "title": "Effect of Al on the microstructure, magnetic and millimeter-wave properties of high oriented barium hexaferrite thin films",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The microstructure, magnetic and millimeter-wave properties of high oriented barium hexaferrite (BaAl x Fe 12−x O 19 ) thin films with Al doping level x from 0 to 2 are reported. The films were grown on Pt/TiO 2 /SiO 2 /Si substrate by Sol-gel method. It is found that with increasing x from 0 to 2 the hexagonal grain disappear, together with Curie temperature dropped from 449 °C to 332 °C and saturated magnetization (4πMs) decreased from 3.8 kG to 1.9 kG, it is attributed to the fact that the Fe ions were substituted by non-magnetic Al ions, leading to the Fe 3+ -O-Fe 3+  super-exchange interaction became weak. The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurement showed that the FMR linewidths is as low as 113 Oe @ 58 GHz, and the FMR frequency shifted to higher frequency range when increasing Al doping level. These result offer the potential application of barium ferrite thin films in tunable millimeter wave devices such as filter, circulator and isolator.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": "State Key laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univertisiy, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuo Chen",
                "org": "State Key laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univertisiy, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guijuan Wang",
                "org": "State Key laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univertisiy, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Univertisiy, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanxun Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingli Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "gYOehYKd": {
        "id": "gYOehYKd",
        "title": "Magnetic properties and millimeter wave loss of highly oriented scandium substituted barium hexaferrite thin films for millimeter wave applications",
        "abstract": "Scandium substituted barium hexaferrite (BaFe12−xScxO19, BaM) were grown on platinum-coated Si substrates using sol–gel method. It is found that scandium pay an important role in the structure, magnetic and millimeter wave properties of BaM system. The number of hexagonal grains decreased with increasing the substituted contents x of Sc. XRD results confirmed that BaM films have crystal texture of c-axis grains perpendicular to film plane, and the degree of texture for all the films are as high as 92%. The anisotropy field decreased from 16.2 kOe (x = 0) to 2.5 kOe (x = 2), meanwhile, the saturated magnetization decreased from 4.1 to 1.8 kG. The millimeter wave loss was studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) system from 35 to 60 GHz, it is found that it has lowest FMR linewith of 129 Oe at 45 GHz for x = 0 sample, and the FMR field shift to higher for substituted thin films, together with the FMR linewith became broader. These results mean that the anisotropy field and FMR of BaM thin films were tunable and these thin films can be used in millimeter wave devices.",
        "keywords": [
            "Scandium",
            " Ferromagnetic Resonance",
            " Anisotropy Field",
            " Film Plane",
            " Wave Device"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhuo Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guijuan Wang",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanxun Li",
                "org": "University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "BRBdKo3r": {
        "id": "BRBdKo3r",
        "title": "High-voltage performance of concentration-gradient Li[Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2]O2 layered oxide cathode materials for lithium batteries",
        "abstract": "High-voltage performance concentration-gradient Li[Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2]O2 (CG-NCM622) layered oxide cathodes consisting of Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 cores and stable outer layers of Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 were synthesized via co-precipitation. CG-NCM622 showed structural stability and excellent electrochemical performances compared to Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2. Results of charge and discharge testing illustrate that CG-NCM622 delivered an initial discharge capacity of 195.6 mA h g−1 at 1C in the voltage window of 2.8–4.6 V, with the corresponding capacity retention of 90% after 100 cycles. The cathode based on this material had superior rate capabilities of 167.6 mA h g−1 at 2 C and 153.1 mA h g−1 at 5 C.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianglei Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Jia",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyu Qu",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "New Journal of Chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "XXArmp1Y": {
        "id": "XXArmp1Y",
        "title": "Corrosion-characteristics and -mechanism of Weathering Steel Q345 in Tropical Marine Atmosphere",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xinyan Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xu Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Kun Xu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Corrosion Science and Protetion Technology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "CQWtV2lV": {
        "id": "CQWtV2lV",
        "title": "Nd-doped LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 as a cathode material for better rate capability in high voltage cycling of Li-ion batteries",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Layered Nd-doped LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2  (NCM523) compounds were successfully synthesized via a coprecipitation-assisted solid-phase method in this work. The effects of Nd doping on the crystal structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties were characterized thoroughly using XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, and electrochemical tests. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data indicated that the Nd-doped samples had lower cation mixing than the raw NCM523. The SEM and EDX mapping characterization results demonstrated that Nd atoms were uniformly distributed in NCM523. At 1C and 10C, the Li(Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 ) 0.992 Nd 0.008 O 2  materials exhibited initial discharge capacities of 189.7 and 101.5 mAh g −1 , respectively, with capacity retentions of 83.3% and 88%, respectively, compared to those of NCM523 (68.1% and 52.5%, respectively) with a cutoff voltage of 4.8 V after 100 cycles. It was found that NCM523 doped with Nd 3+  ions can expand lithium ion diffusion channels in the layered structure and stabilize the structure of the material.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Jia",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mo Yan",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ziyou Zhou",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xianglei Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Yao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "9XWXApJS": {
        "id": "9XWXApJS",
        "title": "Cathode materials with cross-stack structures for suppressing intergranular cracking and high-performance lithium-ion batteries",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Full concentration-gradient Li[Ni 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 ]O 2  (FCG622) layered oxide cathodes, consisting of Ni-rich cores and concentration-gradient shells, were synthesized by heterogeneous co-precipitation method. The cross-stack structure of FCG622 appeared different from the polycrystalline aggregates of homogeneous Li[Ni 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 ]O 2  (H622). The FCG622 showed structural stability and excellent electrochemical performances when compared to H622. The cathode based on this material showed superior rate capability and high voltage performance. The results of charge and discharge testing illustrated that FCG622 could suppress the intergranular cracks delivering initial discharge capacity of 185.2 mAh g −1  at 1C in the voltage window of 2.8–4.4 V. The corresponding capacity retention after 300 cycles was estimated to 81.1% at 4.4 V. By comparison, the initial discharge capacity of H622 was estimated to only 170.6 mAh g −1  under the same conditions, with capacity retention of 68.5%.These results suggested that FCG622 had stable morphology, high capacity and superior voltage stability when compared to polycrystalline aggregates.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xianglei Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Jia",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jianfeng Jia",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chao Yao",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Daming Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Nankai University"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "CiuNq09o": {
        "id": "CiuNq09o",
        "title": "A stable filamentous coaxial microelectrode for Li-ion batteries: a case of olivine LiFePO.",
        "abstract": "By using a facile spray drying method, we fabricated a stable filamentous coaxial microelectrode of olivine LiFePO4, which delivers an excellent electrochemical performance in Li-ion batteries. Due to its simple structure, the microelectrode is a perfect model to study electrochemical reactions, even through in situ electrochemical measurements.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Guo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tu Lan",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Liang Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwei Tan",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Feng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com and National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "heZJhcCp": {
        "id": "heZJhcCp",
        "title": "Size-Dependent Memory Effect of the LiFePO 4 Electrode in Li-Ion Batteries.",
        "abstract": "In Li-ion batteries, the phase transition usually determines the electrochemical kinetics of some two-phase electrode materials, and it can be adopted to excellently interpret the memory effect of Li-ion batteries, so the size dependence of phase transition was expected to affect the memory effect significantly. In this work, we investigated the memory effect and phase transition of olivine LiFePO4 in Li-ion batteries. Through electrochemical measurements, we found that the memory effect of LiFePO4 was dependent on the particle size, especially after a long-time relaxation. By using the in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), we found that the phase transition of Nano-LiFePO4 was ahead of the charging and discharging processes, while it took place concurrently or later for Micro-LiFePO4, which might be attributed to the high specific two-phase boundary of Nano-LiFePO4. Furthermore, the phase-transition diagram was adopted to interpret the size-dependent memory effect schematically. Notably, it is the first time to report the phase transition ahead of (dis)charging for Nano-LiFePO4, which is significant to understand the phase transition of two-phase electrode materials, as well as the relevant phenomena, such as memory effect.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bin Song",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Guoping Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaoya Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Feng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "1jaWwZS6": {
        "id": "1jaWwZS6",
        "title": "Memory-effect-induced electrochemical oscillation of an Al-doped Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 composite in Li-ion batteries.",
        "abstract": "Memory effects and electrochemical oscillation have recently been found in modified Li4Ti5O12, but the correlation between these two phenomena has not been reported yet. Here, we found that these two phenomena could simultaneously occur in an Al-doped Li4Ti5O12 composite, and the electrochemical oscillation can be controlled by regulating the memory effect.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liao Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyu Qu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Feng",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com and National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China. lidenju@sina.com ychen2002@163.com and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "jxy8LuHn": {
        "id": "jxy8LuHn",
        "title": "Three-dimensional porous graphene-like sheets synthesized from biocarbon via low-temperature graphitization for a supercapacitor",
        "abstract": "Biocarbons are difficult to graphitize even at 3000 °C. In this study, three-dimensional porous graphene-like sheets (3DPGLS) were directly synthesized from biocarbons at 900 °C. Potassium carbonate was utilized as a catalyst to release graphite microcrystals from the crosslinked sp3 carbon atoms in the hard carbon phase, and subsequently recrystallized them to form graphene layers. The as-obtained 3DPGLS showed a high purity and low defect density, and possessed high conductivity (32.14 S cm−1) and specific surface area (1506.19 m2 g−1). Without conductive additives, the capacitance of 3DPGLS reached 91.15 F g−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1 acting as a two-electrode symmetrical supercapacitor electrode material in an organic electrolyte. 85.1% of the initial capacitance was maintained after 5000 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g−1.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jinsong Xia",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Na Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shaokun Chong",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road,Haikou 570228,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chenghua Sun",
                "org": "Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, John St,Hawthorn, VIC 3122,Australia"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Green Chemistry",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "mOBol0eC": {
        "id": "mOBol0eC",
        "title": "Coin-Cell-Based In Situ Characterization Techniques for Li-Ion Batteries",
        "abstract": "In situ characterization techniques have made a significant progress in recent years, especially in the electrochemical field. For Li-ion batteries, In situ characterization techniques refer to using analytical equipment to directly characterize electrode materials during electrochemical measurements. At present, most in situ batteries are developed from commercial simulated batteries, of which the cost is very high and the cycle life is quite short. In this work, two kinds of coin-cell-based in situ batteries were designed as in situ XRD and Raman coin cells which exhibit many admirable advantages, such as low cost, long cycle life, easy to carry and so on. In the designing process, in situ XRD and Raman coin cell have been tested with two electrode materials of Li4Ti5O12 and LiFePO4, and we solved many technical problems of assembling and measuring these two kinds of cells. Finally, in situ coin cells could be improved to investigate a variety of electrode materials, and this technique would arouse wide interests in the electrochemical field.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Liao Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaolong Guo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiangtao Huang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyu Qu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Frontiers in Energy Research",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "sfi9fmIV": {
        "id": "sfi9fmIV",
        "title": "Electrochemical Oscillation in Li-Ion Batteries",
        "abstract": "Summary  Two-phase reactions are prevalent in Li-ion batteries, whereas the underlying dynamics of phase separation in a real electrode still remain elusive, since numerous electrode particles constitute a formidably complex system for existing experimental techniques. Here we present an intriguing oscillatory phenomenon in the typical phase-separating electrode material Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 . During galvanostatic processes, the voltage oscillates due to the discrete nature of multi-particle phase-separating reactions, and the subtle oscillatory signals allow us to evaluate the fraction of actively phase-separating particles in real time. Through the analysis of oscillatory phenomena, we unveil the dependence of the active fraction on the depth of charge/discharge, cycling current, and working temperature, considerably deepening our understanding of the multi-particle phase-separation reaction. Moreover, it is the first time that electrochemical oscillations have been identified in rechargeable battery systems, opening up a new frontier for both theoretical and experimental researchers.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Sun",
                "org": "Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenzhong Yang",
                "org": "Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lin Gu",
                "org": "Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoshen Zhou",
                "org": "National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoshen Zhou",
                "org": "National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Center of Energy Storage Materials & Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Joule",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "yS4ZKGBv": {
        "id": "yS4ZKGBv",
        "title": "Lithium Borocarbide LiBC as an Anode Material for Rechargeable Li-Ion Batteries",
        "abstract": "Graphite is the dominant anode material for commercial Li-ion batteries, whereas developing other graphite-like anode material has never been practically achieved to date. Here, we perform computational and experimental studies to demonstrate the feasibility of graphite-like LiBC as a high-capacity anode material for Li-ion batteries. Electrochemical measurements suggest that LiBC can deliver a reversible specific capacity of 450 mAh g–1 with an average voltage of 1.4 V vs Li+/Li. Analogous to graphite, both the discharged and charged LiBC preserve the layered structure. As far as we know, this is the first realization of a graphite-like anode material for Li-ion battery, which will shed light on the development of other graphite derivatives for energy storage.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono, 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "De Li",
                "org": "Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono, 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengcheng Dai",
                "org": "International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Hainan University"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ru-Wen Peng",
                "org": "National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Energy Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yang Sun",
                "org": "Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono, 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoshen Zhou",
                "org": "Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono, 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoshen Zhou",
                "org": "Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Umezono, 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Physical Chemistry C",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "pI2kEIDL": {
        "id": "pI2kEIDL",
        "title": "An aptamer-patterned hydrogel for the controlled capture and release of proteins via biorthogonal click chemistry and DNA hybridization",
        "abstract": "Three-dimensional (3D) bioactive protein-patterned hydrogels provide a more biomimetic environment for cell culture than traditional bioinert scaffolds. However, it has proved difficult to obtain a hydrogel with simultaneously patterned proteins and controlled release at a later stage without inactivating the bioactivity of the fragile proteins. In this study, an aptamer-patterned PEG hydrogel was formed using biorthogonal \"click chemistry\". The patterned aptamer could selectively capture the bioactive protein based on the specific affinity between the aptamer and protein, which results in the formation of a patterned protein within the hydrogel. More importantly, by adding the complementary DNA strand (cDNA) of the aptamer, the protein can dissociate from the aptamer at any desired time and concentration due to the DNA hybridization. This aptamer-patterned hydrogel could become a smart and biomimetic 3D micro-environment for controlled delivery of proteins simultaneously in a spatiotemporal manner.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zheng Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuli Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jincai Wu",
                "org": "Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Yu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University,Haikou 570228,P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of materials chemistry. B",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "PW7Eyafy": {
        "id": "PW7Eyafy",
        "title": "A mechanically robust, biodegradable and high performance cellulose gel membrane as gel polymer electrolyte of lithium-ion battery",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Biodegradable matrixes obtained from natural renewable resources have received increasing attention in the field of gel polymer electrolyte for lithium ion batteries. However, the inferior mechanical property, low uptake ability for liquid electrolytes and the poor lithium ion transference are the obvious drawbacks nowadays. Here, a mechanically robust and environmentally friendly cellulose gel membrane is prepared by the facile solution casting and one-step crosslinking method. This study showed that the GPE based on this cellulose membrane with 5% crosslinker not only possessed good tensile fracture strength of 14.61 MPa, but also presented remarkable electrochemical performance, including high electrolyte uptake of 540%, high ionic conductivity of 6.34 × 10 −3  S cm −1 , high lithium ion transference number of 0.82 at room temperature, excellent compatibility with lithium electrode and good electrochemical stability. In addition, the assembled cell showed a discharge capacity of 145 mA h g −1  after first cycle at 0.2 C-rate and a high capacity retention of 90% after 50 cycles. We anticipate that this natural polymer membrane will be applied as a high safety, low cost and environmental friendly GPE of lithium-ion batteries.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhi Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuanzhen Su",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yanyu Qu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingzhu Zhao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaobo Jia",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Mo",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Yu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, Hainan University, Renmin Road No.58, Haikou 570228, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "uobPZQ5Z": {
        "id": "uobPZQ5Z",
        "title": "Anion-regulated solid polymer electrolyte enhances the stable deposition of lithium ion for lithium metal batteries",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The adoption of lithium metal anodes, which are ideal for constructing batteries with high specific energy, is limited by dendrite growth and poor cycle performance. Herein, an anion-regulated solid polymer electrolyte based on in-situ-polymerized poly(ethylene glycol ether acrylate) is prepared for dendrite-free lithium metal batteries. According to the space-charge theory, the growth of lithium dendrites is effectively inhibited by the improved electric field of solid polymer electrolyte on the lithium anode side. And this solid system achieves a lithium transfer number of 0.63, excellent ionic conduction on 2.16 × 10 −5  S cm −1  at room temperature), a wide electrochemical stable window (4.8 V vs. Li + /Li) and excellent cycle performance. The flexible batteries (LiFePO 4  cathode/solid polymer electrolyte/lithium metal) are assembled to power a light-emitting diode at room temperature. We highlight the anion regulated polymer solid electrolyte, which shows great potential for solid lithium metal batteries and flexible batteries.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Liu",
                "org": "Soochow University (Suzhou)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangping Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Qian",
                "org": "Soochow University (Suzhou)"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenyan Shang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yubing Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jialun Han",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Power Sources",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "e1bRRYCa": {
        "id": "e1bRRYCa",
        "title": "Highly sensitive self-complementary DNA nanoswitches triggered by polyelectrolytes.",
        "abstract": "Dimerization of two homologous strands of genomic DNA/RNA is an essential feature of retroviral replication. Herein we show that a cationic comb-type copolymer (CCC), poly(l-lysine)-graft-dextran, accelerates the dimerization of self-complementary stem-loop DNA, frequently found in functional DNA/RNA molecules, such as aptamers. Furthermore, an anionic polymer poly(sodium vinylsulfonate) (PVS) dissociates CCC from the duplex shortly within a few seconds. Then single stem-loop DNA spontaneously transforms from its dimer. Thus we can easily control the dimer and stem-loop DNA by switching on/off CCC activity. Both polyelectrolytes and DNA concentrations are in the nanomole per liter range. The polyelectrolyte-assisted transconformation and sequences design strategy ensures the reversible state control with rapid response and effective switching under physiologically relevant conditions. A further application of this sensitive assembly is to construct an aptamer-type drug delivery system, bind or release functional molecules responding to its transconformation.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jincai Wu",
                "org": "College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Yu",
                "org": "College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zheng Zhang",
                "org": "College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Atsushi Maruyama",
                "org": "Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B57 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan. amaruyama@bio.titech.ac.jp."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Nanoscale",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "Fixhb4Js": {
        "id": "Fixhb4Js",
        "title": "Aptamer-patterned Hydrogel Films for Spatiotemporally Programmable Capture and Release of Multiple Proteins.",
        "abstract": "Various hydrogels have been used as proteins delivery in the treatment of human diseases. Nevertheless, it is always difficult to control capture and release of multiple proteins in different regions and periods. This research successfully proves that multiple proteins can be captured and released from the aptamer-patterned hydrogel films with adjustable release rate at prospective time and in specific regions utilizing the complementary DNA strand (cDNA) of aptamer via photoclick chemistry and DNA hybridization. The hydrogel film is successfully applied to complex matrixes such as human serum and has excellent cytocompatibility. Thus, the aptamer-patterned hydrogel film will be a good candidate for controlled delivery of multiple proteins.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zheng Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunzheng Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyang Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Yu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS applied materials & interfaces",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "uEjlXur5": {
        "id": "uEjlXur5",
        "title": "Rapid and annealing-free self-assembly of DNA building blocks for 3D hydrogel chaperoned by cationic comb-type copolymers.",
        "abstract": "The construction and self-assembly of DNA building blocks are the foundation of bottom-up development of three-dimensional DNA nanostructures or hydrogels. However, most self-assembly from DNA components is impeded by the mishybridized intermediates or the thermodynamic instability. To enable rapid production of complicated DNA objects with high yields no need for annealing process, herein different DNA building blocks (Y-shaped, L- and L'-shaped units) were assembled in presence of a cationic comb-type copolymer, poly (L-lysine)-graft-dextran (PLL-g-Dex), under physiological conditions. The results demonstrated that PLL-g-Dex not only significantly promoted the self-assembly of DNA blocks with high efficiency, but also stabilized the assembled multi-level structures especially for promoting the complicated 3D DNA hydrogel formation. This study develops a novel strategy for rapid and high-yield production of DNA hydrogel even derived from instable building blocks at relatively low DNA concentrations, which would endow DNA nanotechnology for more practical applications.",
        "keywords": [
            "DNA building blocks",
            "DNA hydrogel",
            "cationic comb-type copolymer",
            "self-assembly"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zheng Zhang",
                "org": "a State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources , Hainan University , Haikou , P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyang Wu",
                "org": "a State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources , Hainan University , Haikou , P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Feng Yu",
                "org": "a State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources , Hainan University , Haikou , P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": "a State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources , Hainan University , Haikou , P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhi Du",
                "org": "a State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources , Hainan University , Haikou , P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "a State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources , Hainan University , Haikou , P.R. China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "a State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources , Hainan University , Haikou , P.R. China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "lSi4Nk2f": {
        "id": "lSi4Nk2f",
        "title": "An effectively inhibiting lithium dendrite growth in-situ-polymerized gel polymer electrolyte",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Polyacrylate polymer is a promising polymer matrix for gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) in lithium-ion batteries. Herein,  in-situ  polymerized poly(ethylene glycol phenyl etheracrylate) (PEGPEA) based GPE combined with 1 M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate (EC/DMC/EMC, 1:1:1 in volume) solvents was introduced. The maximum recoverable strain of the  in-situ  polymerized PEGPEA-GPE was up to 99%. The outstanding interfacial compatibility between PEGPEA-GPE and the lithium electrode was also obtained. Surprisingly, lithium dendrite was effectively suppressed in charge-discharge cycling because of polymer-enhanced solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and excellent contact interface. Furthermore, the PEGPEA-GPE exhibited wide electrochemical stability window up to 4.9 V versus Li + /Li, and achieved an ionic conductivity of 3.35 × 10 −3  S cm −1  at 25 °C. When used as electrolyte, the Li[Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 ]O 2 /PEGPEA-GPE/Li batteries showed high discharge capacity retention rate of 97.5% after 70 charge-discharge cycles and considerable discharge rate capability, i.e., 155 mAh g −1  0.2C, 142 mAh g −1  0.5C, 120 mAh g −1  1C, 60 mAh g −1  2C. These results demonstrate that this highly elastic  in-situ  polymerized PEGPEA-GPE is a potential electrolyte system for high-performance polymer electrolyte lithium-ion batteries and has excellent application prospects in wearable and flexible batteries.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingke Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Guangping Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bokai Cao",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiwei Shi",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Materials and Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "YcbEpXcU": {
        "id": "YcbEpXcU",
        "title": "A Label-Free Fluorescent DNA Calculator Based on Gold Nanoparticles for Sensitive Detection of ATP.",
        "abstract": "Herein we described a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) calculator for sensitive detection of the determination of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) using gold nanoparticles (GNP) and PicoGreen fluorescence dye as signal transducer, and ATP and single-stranded DNA (DNA-M') as activators. The calculator-related performances including linearity, reaction time, logic gate, and selectivity were investigated, respectively. The results revealed that this oligonucleotide sensor was highly sensitive and selective. The detection range was 50⁻500 nmol/L (R² = 0.99391) and the detection limit was 46.5 nmol/L. The AND DNA calculator was successfully used for the ATP detection in human urine. Compared with other methods, this DNA calculator has the characteristics of being label-free, non-enzymic, simple, and highly sensitive.",
        "keywords": [
            "ATP detection",
            "DNA calculator",
            "enzyme-free",
            "gold nanoparticles",
            "label-free fluorescence"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. zhangjingjingaoxue@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shizhi Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. 13698954926@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. chaoqunniu@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. chen__liu@126.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. ychen2002@hainu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "f65bCqZX": {
        "id": "f65bCqZX",
        "title": "A Label-Free Fluorescent DNA Machine for Sensitive Cyclic Amplification Detection of ATP.",
        "abstract": "In this study, a target recycled amplification, background signal suppression, label-free fluorescent, enzyme-free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) machine was developed for the detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human urine. ATP and DNA fuel strands (FS) were found to trigger the operation of the DNA machine and lead to the cyclic multiplexing of ATP and the release of single stranded (SS) DNA. Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) was formed on graphene oxide (GO) from the combination of SS DNA and complementary strands (CS'). These double strands then detached from the surface of the GO and in the process interacted with PicoGreen dye resulting in amplifying fluorescence intensity. The results revealed that the detection range of the DNA machine is from 100 to 600 nM (R² = 0.99108) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 127.9 pM. A DNA machine circuit and AND-NOT-AND-OR logic gates were successfully constructed, and the strategy was used to detect ATP in human urine. With the advantage of target recycling amplification and GO suppressing background signal without fluorescent label and enzyme, this developed strategy has great potential for sensitive detection of different proteins and small molecules.",
        "keywords": [
            "ATP detection",
            "DNA machine",
            "cyclic amplification",
            "graphene oxide",
            "label-free fluorescence",
            "logic gate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Zhang",
                "org": "Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. zhangjingjingaoxue@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jialun Han",
                "org": "College of Materials & Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. jialun_han@126.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shehong Feng",
                "org": "Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. 990147@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": "College of Materials & Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. Niucq@foxmail.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Liu",
                "org": "College of Materials & Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. liuchen8642@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "College of Materials & Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "College of Materials & Chemistry Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. ychen2002@hainu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Materials (Basel, Switzerland)",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "H3sf06m8": {
        "id": "H3sf06m8",
        "title": "A Label-Free Fluorescent AND Logic Gate Aptasensor for Sensitive ATP Detection.",
        "abstract": "In this study, a label-free fluorescent, enzyme-free, simple, highly sensitive AND logic gate aptasensor was developed for the detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with cohesive ends was attached to graphene oxide (GO) to form an aptasensor probe. ATP and single-stranded DNA were used as input signals. Fluorescence intensity of PicoGreen dye was used as an output signal. The biosensor-related performances, including the logic gate construction, reaction time, linearity, sensitivity, and specificity, were investigated and the results showed that an AND logic gate was successfully constructed. The ATP detection range was found to be 20 to 400 nM (R² = 0.9943) with limit of detection (LOD) of 142.6 pM, and the sensitivity range was 1.846 × 10⁶ to 2.988 × 10⁶ M. This method for the detection of ATP has the characteristics of being simple, low cost, and highly sensitive.",
        "keywords": [
            "ATP detection",
            "enzyme-free",
            "graphene oxide",
            "label-free fluorescence",
            "logic gate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jingjing Zhang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. zhangjingjingaoxue@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chunzheng Yang",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. chunzhengyang@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chaoqun Niu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. chaoqunniu@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Liu",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. chen__liu@126.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuepin Cai",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. 13698954926@163.com."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Du",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. dujie@hainu.edu.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of Information Science & Technology, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China. ychen2002@hainu.edu.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Sensors",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "osH18eZy": {
        "id": "osH18eZy",
        "title": "Effect of additives on the performance of monolithic catalyst for tar cracking",
        "abstract": "Five cordierite-supported monolithic catalysts with different additives were prepared by vacuum wetness impregnation. All catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and Raman spectroscopy. These catalysts were also tested by the raw gas from biomass pyrolysis to contrast them in terms of catalytic performance and stability. Characterization results show the formation of Mo-Ni alloy in the reduced catalyst with Mo additive; however, the other additives in the reduced catalyst remain in oxidation state. TPR revealed a strong interaction between the active component and the additives, resulting in a decrease of reduction ability. The catalysts with additives were shown to perform more efficiently compared with the catalysts without additives. The catalyst with Mo additive exhibited the best performance, with its tar conversion and gas yield reaching 96.6% and 1.22 N m3/kg, respectively, at a weight hourly space velocity of 706 kg/(h·m 3). The 1Mo3Ni1Co/Cor catalyst exhibited higher stability compared with 1Sm3Ni1Co/Cor because the tar conversion of the former remained higher than 90%, whereas that of the latter decreased to 73.1% after a 4 h catalysis. Coke deposits were formed on the surface of the 1Sm3Ni1Co/Cor catalyst, which mostly exhibited a graphite structure, as observed by Raman spectroscopy. © 2013 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Min Lu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Genyu Fan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and Fuels",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "tRHObDGH": {
        "id": "tRHObDGH",
        "title": "Biomass gasification in a fluidized bed to produce hydrogen rich gas",
        "abstract": "The characteristics of biomass air-steam gasification in a fluidized bed for hydrogen rich gas production were studied by experiments. The gasifying agent air was supplied into the reactor from the lower part of the reactor and steam was added into the reactor above biomass feeding location. The effects of reactor temperature, steam to biomass ratio (S/B), equivalence ratio (ER), and biomass particle size on gas composition and hydrogen production were investigated. From the experimental results, it can be seen that higher reactor temperature, proper ER and S/B and smaller biomass particle size will contribute to more hydrogen production. The highest hydrogen yield, 71 g H2/kg biomass, was achieved at a reactor temperature of 900°C, ER of 0.23 and S/B of 2.02.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Hydrogen production",
            "Steam gasification"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lü",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tiejun Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "vLAw4mHP": {
        "id": "vLAw4mHP",
        "title": "Catalytic Purification of Raw Gas from Biomass Gasification on Mo–Ni–Co/Cordierite Monolithic Catalyst",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huafang guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhenhong yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "pengmei lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zuhong xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "min lu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy & Fuels",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "ZCehKmgr": {
        "id": "ZCehKmgr",
        "title": "EFFECTS OF CATALYSTS ON CRACKING OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION TAR",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tiejun wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chuangzhi wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yan fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "THMcCIKy": {
        "id": "THMcCIKy",
        "title": "Fundmental study on the semi-wet flue gas desulfurization with a MSFB",
        "abstract": "In this paper, a new kind of semi-wet flue gas desulfurization with a Multi-Solid Flu-idized Bed (MSFB) was put forward. As the primary study, the particle fluidizing characteristics, the drying mechanisms of the slurry and the desulfurizating efficiency etc. have been investigated. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) When fine particles are combined with coarse particles, the entraining velocity of fine particles is larger. The operating velocity is mainly determined by the fluidizing characteristics of the coarse particles. (2) The whole drying process of the slurry is divided into two steps: the dropping process and the drying in the coarse bed. At the latter step, the vapor generated during the slurry drying causes the fluidizing inflation, thus the pressure drop of the fluidizing process decreases. (3) A desulfurizating rate over 80% can be expected when CaCO3 is employed as the absorbent, Ca/S equals to 1.5 and To equals to 523 K.",
        "keywords": [
            "Flue gas desulfurization",
            "Multi-solid fluidized bed",
            "Semi-wet"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhendong Lei",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Kung Cheng Je Wu Li Hsueh Pao/Journal of Engineering Thermophysics",
        "year": 1998
    },
    "hoVcIjZg": {
        "id": "hoVcIjZg",
        "title": "Performance of catalytic cracking of biomass tar and catalyst preparation",
        "abstract": "The purification of biomass - derived syngas via tar and methane abatement by catalytic cracking over Ni catalysts using naphthalene as model compounds was investigated. The performance of catalyst activity, ageing and regeneration was valued by means of conversion ratio calculating and gas products composition analysis. The catalysts were prepared by using metallic nickel as active phase grafted on dolomite. The results show: the ratio of single conversion on naphthalene is 95% at space time 0.81h-1 and 700°C; with saturated air as regeneration gas, the regeneration time is within 0.5h on the condition of program heating; In order to keep the stability at high reaction temperature (700°C), catalysts should be calcined at 900°C for 4h; compared with heat cracking, the catalytic cracking is propitious to deep cracking of naphthalene.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass tar",
            "Catalyst preparation",
            "Catalytic cracking"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tiejun Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Fu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and the Environment - Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and the Environment",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "lKVfbVZg": {
        "id": "lKVfbVZg",
        "title": "Biomass air-steam gasification in a fluidized bed to produce hydrogen-rich gas",
        "abstract": "The characteristics of biomass air-steam gasification in a fluidized bed for hydrogen-rich gas production are studied through a series of experiments. The gasifying agent, air, was supplied into the reactor from the lower part of the reactor, and steam was added into the reactor above the biomass feeding location. The effects of reactor temperature, steam-to-biomass ratio, equivalence ratio ER, and the biomass particle size on gas composition and hydrogen production are investigated. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the higher reactor temperature, the proper ER, proper steam-to-biomass ratio S/B, and smaller biomass particle size will contribute to more hydrogen production. The highest hydrogen yield, 71 g H2/kg biomass (wet basis), was achieved at a reactor temperature of 900°C, ER of 0.22, and S/B of 2.70. It is shown that under proper operating parameters biomass air-steam gasification in a fluidized bed is one effective way for hydrogen-rich gas production.",
        "keywords": [
            "fluidized bed"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Huang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JingXu Zhu",
                "org": "Western University(University of Western Ontario),London,Canada"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and Fuels",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "ezt9EGP5": {
        "id": "ezt9EGP5",
        "title": "Investigation on the kinetics of biomass fast catalytic pyrolysis",
        "abstract": "An apparatus for fast pyrolysis of biomass was designed and set up to simulate the fast heating rate in the fluidized bed. The kinetics model of biomass catalytic pyrolysis was put forward. The model is a combination of three-stage model and second-reaction model and assumes the biomass first decomposes to gaseous products, tars and chars via three competitive reactions and then tars go through a second cracking reaction to produce gases and chars. The proposed model fits well with the calculated data got from pyrolysis tests of wood sawdust, lignin and cellulose. The calculated reaction order of n ranges between 0.66 and 1.57. The dolomite needs to be used at a temperature higher than 800°C.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Fast catalytic pyrolysis",
            "Reaction kinetics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lü",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "3lMmESgc": {
        "id": "3lMmESgc",
        "title": "HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM BIOMASS",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "pengmei lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "jie chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chuangzhi wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "AmS11Yro": {
        "id": "AmS11Yro",
        "title": "Hydrogen-Rich Gas Production from Biomass Catalytic Gasification",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Tiejun Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Fu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingxu Zhu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy & Fuels",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "Yr7MbMdX": {
        "id": "Yr7MbMdX",
        "title": "Catalytic purification of raw gas from biomass gasification on Mo-Ni-Co/cordierite monolithic catalyst",
        "abstract": "This study presents the preparation of a 1Mo3Ni1Co/Cor catalyst by vacuum impregnation to obtain a clean biomass gasification product gas. The effects of the air equivalence ratio (ER) and catalytic temperature on tar cracking and gas reforming were investigated. The regeneration activity of the 1Mo3Ni1Co/Cor catalyst was also evaluated in biomass gasification. Results show that the choice of ER is highly important, and an increase in catalytic temperature is favorable for cleaning biomass gasification raw gas. When the ER and catalytic temperatures were 0.21 and 800 C, the gas yield, tar conversion, and hydrogen yield reached 1.28 N m3/kg, 99.2%, and 49.3 g/kg, respectively. The regeneration activity of this catalyst is relatively stable and close to that of the fresh catalyst after a 4 h reaction; however, this activity is relatively lower than that of the fresh catalyst in the initial stage. This difference is caused by the formation of Mo2C in gas reforming. Finally, the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of the catalyst calculated by first-order reaction kinetics model are 33.79 kJ/mol and 523 s-1, respectively. © 2013 American Chemical Society.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Min Lu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huafang Guo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and Fuels",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "bWpjxsKr": {
        "id": "bWpjxsKr",
        "title": "Performance of catalytic cracking of biomass tar",
        "abstract": "Study on biomass tar made of pine powder gasified using Ni base catalyst with dolomite carrier at 700°C was worked out and compared with heavy oil cracking catalyst. The result indicates: heavy oil catalyst has a role in cracking biomass tar, the impregnation type of nickel base on dolomite and calcinations temperature affect catalytic performance remarkably. Ni base catalyst was calcined at 900°C with good selectivity to H2 and CH4 (H2 78.3%, H2+CO 92.3%, CH4 2.3%), the ageing test (l00 h at 700°C) indicated that the ratio of H2/CO decreases with catalyst activity reducing.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Catalytic cracking",
            "Tar"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Tiejun Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "Ip4KQw5E": {
        "id": "Ip4KQw5E",
        "title": "Potential of hydrogen production from biomass",
        "abstract": "An experimental study of hydrogen production from biomass was conducted using a bench-scale fluidized bed gasifier. Parametric experiments were performed to determine the effects of reaction temperature, steam to biomass ratio (S/B), equivalence ratio (ER) and catalysts. The catalysts used were dolomites and nickel-based catalysts and were located in gasifier and a downstream fixed reactor, respectively. Of the conditions tested without catalysts, hydrogen yield ranges between 22 and 71g H2 per kg of biomass (wet basis) and hydrogen yield potential ranges between 115 and 223 g H2 per kg of biomass (wet basis). The experimental results prove that higher reaction temperature; proper ER and S/B will contribute to more hydrogen production. Dolomites and nickel-based catalysts show to be very active and useful for increasing hydrogen yield and gas conditioning.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Catalytic gasification",
            "Hydrogen"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lü",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JingXu Zhu",
                "org": "Western University(University of Western Ontario),London,Canada"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and the Environment - Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and the Environment",
        "year": 2003
    },
    "tbzegQop": {
        "id": "tbzegQop",
        "title": "Biomass catalytic gasification in a fluidized-bed to produce hydrogen rich gas",
        "abstract": "The characteristics of hydrogen yield from biomass are investigated using dolomite in the fluidized-bed gasifier and nickel-based catalysts in the outlet of fixed bed reactor. Some calcined dolomite is placed initially in the gasifier with an amount of 120 g/(kg·h-1) biomass. To replace the eroded and elutriated dolomite, calcined dolomite (0.3-0.45 mm) is continuously fed and its feeding rate is determined by preliminary test. The influence of the operating conditions in the catalytic reactor on the production of gases, especially H2 is studied over the temperature range of 650-850°C, for weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) in the range of 2.68-10.72 h-1. In the gaseous product, the average content of H2 exceeds over 50 vol%; C2 content is lowered to below 1 vol% and nearly half of CH4 is converted after the catalytic reactor. Over the ranges of experimental conditions examined, the highest gas yield reaches 3.31 Nm3/kg biomass, wet basis; the maximum hydrogen yield gets to 130.28 g H2/kg biomass, wet basis. This system shows a good performance over a lifetime test of 350 minutes.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Catalytic gasification",
            "Hydrogen production"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lü",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jie Chang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Fu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tiejun Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JingXu Zhu",
                "org": "Western University(University of Western Ontario),London,Canada"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2004
    },
    "jyWlNB7i": {
        "id": "jyWlNB7i",
        "title": "Release of Hydrogen Chloride from Combustibles in Municipal Solid Waste",
        "abstract": "Study of the inorganic chlorides in municipal solid waste (MSW) shows that the main source of inorganic chlorides in MSW is food. The main organic source of HCl emission from MSW is plastic. But wood, textiles, and food also produce a large amount of HCl when they are combusted. Each combustible shows a different HCl releasing temperature range. At 973 K, there are 30-70% of the total chlorine left in the char of each combustibles in MSW.",
        "keywords": [
            "municipal solid waste"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiao-fen Guo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Science, No. 81 Xianlie Zhong Road, Guangzhou, 510070 China. g919@263.net"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xue-lian Yang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuang-zhi Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Fan Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ke-Chang Xie",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental Science & Technology",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "wbKtlJdA": {
        "id": "wbKtlJdA",
        "title": "Study on the hydrodynamics of a spouting-moving bed",
        "abstract": "Experiments were carried out in a spouted bed with auxiliary gas introduced horizontally. Auxiliary gas introduced horizontally has an obvious effect on the minimum spouting gas velocity; the minimum spouting gas velocity decreases with increasing auxiliary gas velocity. An empirical equation for the minimum spouting velocity is modified to fit the experimental data. With an increase in the proportion of the auxiliary gas for a fixed total gas flow, the fountain height decreases, but the relative voidage in the spout decreases, which means that more particles are circulated. Comparatively, the spouting gas has a distinct effect on the particle velocity in the spouting region, but the auxiliary gas velocity affects the particle velocity in the annular region markedly. The radial profiles of relative voidage and particle velocity at different axial heights are also studied in detail.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqi Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BaoQing Li",
                "org": "Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "LvDeRbrN": {
        "id": "LvDeRbrN",
        "title": "HCl Formation from RDF Pyrolysis and Combustion in a Spouting-Moving Bed Reactor",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqi Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoqing Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy & Fuels",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "ro3kowF3": {
        "id": "ro3kowF3",
        "title": "Pyrolysis and combustion of refuse-derived fuels in a spouting-moving bed reactor",
        "abstract": "A reactor with two reaction zones (pyrolyzer and combustor) is developed, which is proposed for the thermal disposal of solid wastes, especially RDFs (refuse-derived fuels). A model RDF was used to evaluate the performance of the reactor. The RDF is continuously fed to the spouting-moving bed pyrolyzer in which the RDF partially combusts to supply heat for pyrolysis of the RDF at low temperature, then the pyrolysis product burns with secondary air at high temperature in the upper combustor. A special connector cascades the two parts to a vertical configuration, where secondary air is introduced. The effect of operating parameters, such as spouting air and auxiliary air, as well as secondary air flow rate on the pyrolyzer temperature, pyrolysis gas composition at different positions, combustor temperature, and emissions of CO and NOx in flue gas, are studied.",
        "keywords": [
            "refuse derived fuel"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqi Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Huang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BaoQing Li",
                "org": "Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and Fuels",
        "year": 2002
    },
    "xnDQtsDT": {
        "id": "xnDQtsDT",
        "title": "Flow characteristics of RDF and sand mixture in a spouting-moving bed",
        "abstract": "Refuse derived fuels(RDF), made from solid wastes, are suitable for treatment and utilization of solid wastes. In order to use the RDF efficiently, a spouting-moving bed pyrolyzing combustor was proposed in this study. Experiments were carried out in a spouting-moving bed consists of plexiglass of internal diameter 190 mm and height 1200 mm and a 60° casting conical base distributor in which 72 holes are perforated horizontally. The experimental results show that the pressure drop increases with increasing auxiliary gas velocity, while spouting gas velocity has little effect on the pressure drop after particles being spouted. Comparing with other literature, horizontal introduction of auxiliary gas can decrease the minimum spouting velocity than the vertical introduction of auxiliary gas. Four flow regimes as packed bed, spouting-moving bed, spouted bed with pulsation and slugging bed are observed when auxiliary gas velocity and spouting gas velocity are changed into different levels.",
        "keywords": [
            "Flow characteristics",
            "RDF and sand mixture",
            "Spouting-moving bed"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqi Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengli Zhao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Huang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BaoQing Li",
                "org": "Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy Conversion and Application (ICECA'2001)",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "vO7cJjzx": {
        "id": "vO7cJjzx",
        "title": "CFB reactor for biomass fast pyrolysis",
        "abstract": "This study work illustrated briefly the fluidization characteristics of a CFB reactor, which is designed for the biomass fast pyrolysis. Using air as fluidizing agent and quartz sand as circulating particle, this test focused on the effect of carrier gas velocity, solid inventory, L valve aeration rate, aeration point and the particle material on the solid circulating rate. The results at various operation conditions indicated that the solid circulating rate increases with the increase of the gas velocity, L valve aeration rate, inventory, and decrease of the particle density, particle size and aeration point. The experimental results also provided the optimum operating condition and control methods for hot test. The distribution of the pyrolysis products and the typical properties of wood derived pyrolysis oil were also introduced.",
        "keywords": [
            "CFB",
            "Hydrodynamics biomass fast pyrolysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XianWen Dai",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaoqiu Zhou",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Huaxue Fanying Gongcheng Yu Gongyi/Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "eBDNA9L1": {
        "id": "eBDNA9L1",
        "title": "The fast pyrolysis of biomass in CFB reactor",
        "abstract": "With the circulating fluidized bed (CFB) as reactor, an integrated facility was developed for the fast pyrolysis of biomass. The main chemical processes in CFB can be modeled, and the bed is divided into two zones corresponding to the pyrolysis and secondary reactions. The pyrolysis of wood powder was processed varying the bed temperature, particle size of wood powder, and the feeder position. Based on the variation of the pyrolysis gas composition and the bio-oil ingredients, analysis of the experimental data highlights the important effects of temperature, heating rate, and residence time. The main trend is that (1) the higher temperature and longer residence time contribute to the secondary reactions, which lead to less liquids; (2) the lower heating rate favors the carbonization, also reduces the liquid production. The analysis of bio-oil components shows that most compounds in bio-oil are non-hydrocarbons and alkanes - aromatics and asphalt are relatively low.",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XianWen Dai",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy and Fuels",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "QAFPwCGI": {
        "id": "QAFPwCGI",
        "title": "Study on the Hydrodynamics of a Spouting−Moving Bed",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqi Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ping Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Baoqing Li",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "CD9nttUR": {
        "id": "CD9nttUR",
        "title": "Study on flow characteristics of spouting-moving bed",
        "abstract": "Experiments were carried out in a spouted bed of ID 195 mm plexiglass column with a 60° conical base and horizontally introduced auxiliary gas. The results indicate that the pressure drop increases with increasing auxiliary gas velocity, while spouting gas velocity shows little effect on the pressure drop when particles are spouted. The minimum spouting gas velocity decreases with increasing horizontal auxiliary gas velocity. An empirical equation for minimum spouting gas velocity is modified to fit the experimental data. Four flow regime as packed bed, spouting-moving bed, spouted bed with pulsation and slugging bed are observed when auxiliary and spouting gas velocities are changed into different levels.",
        "keywords": [
            "Flow regime map",
            "Horizontal auxiliary gas",
            "Minimum spouting velocity",
            "Pressure drop",
            "Spouting-moving bed"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhiqi Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BaoQing Li",
                "org": "Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "02w0aK8U": {
        "id": "02w0aK8U",
        "title": "Fundarmental studies on co-briquette of pulverized coal and sludge II. Gaseous pollutants emissions of coal-sewage sludge briquette during isothermal combustion",
        "abstract": "In this paper, according to the disposal status and composition property of sludge, in order to improve the clean utilization of sludge the co-briquetting process of coal with sewage sludge is put forward. At 1073K, the isothermal combustions of different sludge and coal-sewage sludge briquette were performed in a fixed-tube reactor. Emissions of gaseous pollutants including SO2, NO, and NO2 from isothermal combustion were anlyzed. Based on the emissions of CO2 and O2 for sludge, it can be concluded that the combustion of volatile can be due to the main emission of gaseous pollutants. For emissions of gaseous pollutants, especially SO2, co-briquette of coal with sludge is an environmental-friendly process for the disposal of sludge.",
        "keywords": [
            "Briquette",
            "Gaseous pollutants",
            "Isothermal combustion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Fujun Tian",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zongbin Zhao",
                "org": "Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Taiyuan,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "BaoQing Li",
                "org": "Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "bRs9ufGV": {
        "id": "bRs9ufGV",
        "title": "Biomass Pyrolysis in an Argon/Hydrogen Plasma Reactor",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengli Zhao",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haitao Huang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Engineering and Technology",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "VwwJTgjw": {
        "id": "VwwJTgjw",
        "title": "The Influence of Oxygen Concentration and Equivalence Ratio on Pyrolysis Gas in Oxygen-Enriched Pyrolysis by Theoretical Calculation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "pyrolysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "noriyuki kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongyu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "xbzaMcX5": {
        "id": "xbzaMcX5",
        "title": "Main organic pollutants migration and transformation laws in sewage sludge landfill and composting process",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "huhetaoli",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shiyou xing",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "noriyuki kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "K1kTqBzl": {
        "id": "K1kTqBzl",
        "title": "Experimental Study on Influence of Fly Ash in Melting Process on Heavy Metal Speciation",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "speciation"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "hao ran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiao bo wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dan dan zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "z l zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hai bin li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zu hong xiong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "uEmNNAkF": {
        "id": "uEmNNAkF",
        "title": "The Formation and Control of Secondary Pollutants during Thermal Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "thermal treatment"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "li fang deng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao ran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hong yu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "noriyuki kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "eZpY0J3o": {
        "id": "eZpY0J3o",
        "title": "Combustion and Heat Release Characteristics of Biogas under Hydrogen- and Oxygen-Enriched Condition",
        "abstract": "Combustion and heat release characteristics of biogas non-premixed flames under various hydrogen-enriched and oxygen-enriched conditions were investigated through chemical kinetics simulation using detailed chemical mechanisms. The heat release rates, chemical reaction rates, and molar fraction of all species of biogas at various methane contents (35.3–58.7%, mass fraction), hydrogen addition ratios (10–50%), and oxygen enrichment levels (21–35%) were calculated considering the GRI 3.0 mechanism and P1 radiation model. Results showed that the net reaction rate of biogas increases with increasing hydrogen addition ratio and oxygen levels, leading to a higher net heat release rate of biogas flame. Meanwhile, flame length was shortened with the increase in hydrogen addition ratio and oxygen levels. The formation of free radicals, such as H, O, and OH, are enhanced with increase in hydrogen addition ratio and oxygen levels. Higher reaction rates of exothermic elementary reactions, especially those with OH free radical are increased, are beneficial to the improvement in combustion and heat release characteristics of biogas in practical applications.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jun Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyu Huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huhetaoli",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yugo Osaka",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yu Bai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Noriyuki Kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energies",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "AbN4Iyrt": {
        "id": "AbN4Iyrt",
        "title": "Study of synergistic effects during co-pyrolysis of cellulose and high-density polyethylene at various ratios",
        "abstract": "Abstract   The mechanism of synergistic effects occurred during co-pyrolysis of cellulose (CE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), mixed at various mass ratios (3:1, 1:1, 1:3 w/w), was studied by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The TG analysis showed that the co-pyrolysis process was divided into two-stages: the first stage was the decomposition of CE (at 260 °C–410 °C), and the second stage between 410 °C and 527 °C was mainly the decomposition of HDPE. The experimental mass loss values of the mixtures were greater than the estimated values, which confirmed a synergistic effect in the co-pyrolysis of CE and HDPE. The results of MS and Py-GC/MS indicated that the effects of co-pyrolysis promoted the release of small-molecule volatile (H 2 O, CO/C 2 H 4 , CO 2 ), and the promotion effect was strongest when the ratio was 1:3. Hydrogen transfer from the scission of HDPE could be provided for the decomposition of CE, and the oxygen-containing compounds from CE could promote the chain scission and cracking of HDPE. When the CE/HDPE ratio was less than 1:1, the production of carbohydrate, aldehyde, ketone, and furan groups assigned to CE pyrolysis was suppressed, and the production of alkane and alkene groups was promoted. The decomposition pathways in the co-pyrolysis process of CE and HDPE were proposed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Honggang Fan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Shan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Mingyang He",
                "org": "Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Gu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy Conversion and Management",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "KJm2tWUJ": {
        "id": "KJm2tWUJ",
        "title": "NOx and SO2 emissions from municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion in CO2/O2 atmosphere",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "municipal solid waste"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yuting tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqian ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zhiyi lai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "daoxi zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hai lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "7VqlxHGl": {
        "id": "7VqlxHGl",
        "title": "Influence of pyrolysis temperature on physical and chemical properties of biochar made from sewage sludge",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "pyrolysis",
            "biochar",
            "nutrient",
            "sewage sludge"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongyu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dandan zhao",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "noriyuki kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "TAs5JjuB": {
        "id": "TAs5JjuB",
        "title": "Influence of pyrolysis temperature and holding time on properties of biochar derived from medicinal herb (radix isatidis) residue and its effect on soil CO 2 emission",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "biochar",
            "pyrolysis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yazhuo wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hongyu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "93ueerP4": {
        "id": "93ueerP4",
        "title": "Thermodynamic and experimental study on alcohol made by synthesis gas",
        "abstract": "First C 1-C 5 alcohols which were very important in practical application were analyzed, and the thermodynamic analysis for the synthesis of C 1-C 5 alcohols can guide the experiment in praxis. In the article the equilibrium constants were used to analyze the thermodynamic of the synthesis of C 1-C 5 alcohols and verified the calculation results in line with the trends of theoretical analysis. Reducing temperature and raising the pressure is useful for CO conversion rate and the generation of C1-C5 alcohols, as well as different molar ratio of H 2/CO influence CO conversion rate. Eventually the optimum condition was confirmed. A new type of catalyst was developed, which can increase the yield of alcohols, then the theoretical analysis's correctness are verified by the experimental data. © 2011 IEEE.",
        "keywords": [
            "c 1-c 5 alcohols",
            "catalyst",
            "syngas",
            "thermodynamic",
            "synthesis gas",
            "neodymium",
            "equilibrium constants",
            "catalysts",
            "thermodynamics",
            "chemical equilibrium"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Dandan Zhao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longlong Ma",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ICMREE2011 - Proceedings 2011 International Conference on Materials for Renewable Energy and Environment",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "Ky9tK6YF": {
        "id": "Ky9tK6YF",
        "title": "Rational disposal ways chosen for municipal solid waste based on the level of economic development and calorific value",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yazhuo wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "huhetaoli",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "noriyuki kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiaoqian ma",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "RJfvqTZo": {
        "id": "RJfvqTZo",
        "title": "Sewage sludge biochar: Nutrient composition and its effect on the leaching of soil nutrients",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao lu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yazhuo wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tingzhou lei",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Geoderma",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "zCQVBS2U": {
        "id": "zCQVBS2U",
        "title": "Study on Adsorption Desiccant Based Hybrid Air Conditioning System",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "temperature control"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhao hong he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hong yu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "z x lin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao ran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "noriyuki kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hua fang guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "smXBSXK3": {
        "id": "smXBSXK3",
        "title": "Study and Theoretical Calculation on New Type of Adsorption Chiller",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "zhao hong he",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hong yu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao ran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "noriyuki kobayashi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "tao zeng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "dan dan zhao",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Applied Mechanics and Materials",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "nrWs0VwC": {
        "id": "nrWs0VwC",
        "title": "Co-pyrolysis and co-gasification of biomass and polyethylene: Thermal behaviors, volatile products and characteristics of their residues",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Co-pyrolysis and co-gasification of biomass and plastics could be a promising method to alleviate environmental pollution and provide renewable energy. In this paper, co-pyrolysis and co-gasification of eucalyptus wood (EW) or rice straw (RS) with polyethylene (PE) were investigated by a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (TG-FTIR) and a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Results showed that the pyrolysis behaviors were characterized by two stages. The first stage was the decomposition of EW and RS, and the second stage primarily consisted of the degradation of PE. The gasification exhibited a third stage for the reaction of products with CO 2 . A synergistic effect was presented in the pyrolysis and gasification of biomass with PE, and it could have a positive effect on the decomposition of biomass. Compared to individual pyrolysis and gasification, co-pyrolysis and co-gasification generated no new substances, but the yield of some products was changed in these processes. In co-pyrolysis, the decomposition of biomass was promoted. In co-gasification, the production of CH 4 , CO and oxygenated compounds was inhibited, while the reaction to generate H 2 O was promoted. Gasification and the addition of PE both increased the carbon content and reduced the oxygen content of volatile products. Additionally, more metal elements could be deposited in residues when PE was added.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Honggang Fan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Gu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuangqing Hu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of The Energy Institute",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "J1D1YZBM": {
        "id": "J1D1YZBM",
        "title": "A novel sewage sludge biochar and ferrate synergetic conditioning for enhancing sludge dewaterability.",
        "abstract": "A great prospect of sewage sludge self-recycling as a conditioner supports the research. A synergetic conditioning effect and mechanism were reflected after the synergistic conditioning experiment, and the corresponding separated experiment of biochar, KFeO or acid treatment on WAS. All of the biochar, KFeO and acid treatment could reduce the water content of sludge cake. Biochar had good effect on WAS settleability, although the influence of the biochar dosage was weak. Similar to KFeO acid treatment also could reinforce the disintegration degree effectively, but it deteriorated the filter property of WAS. In the situation of synergistic condition, owing to the strong oxidation of KFeO, most of the sludge flocs was disintegrated, thus the settleability and filter property of WAS were still bad, even the biochar worked as a skeleton builder. It is encouraging to find that, even without acid treatment, there is a great decline of water content of sludge cake in the situation of synergistic condition.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biochar",
            "Dewaterability",
            "Potassium ferrate",
            "Skeleton builder",
            "Waste activated sludge"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jiahuan Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Lu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Techand Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518040, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingwang Bi",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China. Electronic address: yuanhr@ms.giec.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemosphere",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "uPGSIEp9": {
        "id": "uPGSIEp9",
        "title": "Characteristic of heavy metals in biochar derived from sewage sludge",
        "abstract": "This study investigates the characteristic of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and As) in biochar derived from sewage sludge at different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 °C). The heavy metal concentrations, chemical speciation distribution, leaching toxicity, and bio-available contents were investigated using ICP-OES after microwave digestion, a sequential extraction procedure recommended by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR), an improved nitric acid–sulphuric acid method, and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction method, respectively. The results showed that a great percentage of the heavy metals remained in biochar, the concentrations of heavy metals in biochar (except Cd in B7) were higher than that in sludge, and the enrichment of the heavy metals in biochar enhanced with the pyrolysis temperature. Although the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the chemical speciation distribution, the leaching toxicity and the bio-available contents of heavy metals in biochar was inconsistent, the potential risk of biochar on soil and groundwater contamination was lower than sewage sludge.",
        "keywords": [
            "Sewage sludge",
            " Pyrolysis",
            " Biochar",
            " Heavy metal",
            " Toxicity"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "tao lu",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yazhuo wang",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "h huang",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "SuhPpAdB": {
        "id": "SuhPpAdB",
        "title": "Chlorine migration mechanisms during torrefaction of fermentation residue from food waste.",
        "abstract": "Fermentation residue from food waster (FRFW) has a large amount of residual chlorine (Cl), and the high-salt of FRFW is either landfilled or treated as a fertilizer. The transfer of chlorine to the atmosphere and soil can cause pollution and soil salinization. This work primarily investigated the combined forms and migration mechanisms of Cl during the torrefaction of FRFW from 250 to 400 °C. The results showed that the form and amount of Cl released during the torrefaction of FRFW depended on temperature. The absolute content of soluble Cl and total Cl in torrefied solid products decreased, and the absolute content of insoluble Cl reached a maximum at 350 °C, which indicated that some soluble Cl was transferred to the insoluble Cl (CCl forms). The Cl-containing products in non-condensable gas was too little to be detected, so the majority of the reduced Cl was in liquids with different organic compounds.",
        "keywords": [
            "Combined forms of chlorine",
            "Fermentation residue from food waste",
            "The migration mechanisms of chlorine",
            "Torrefaction"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yazhuo Wang",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing 211816, China; Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Shuangqing Hu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Wenjian Li",
                "org": "Zhejiang Gold Pot Boiler Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321000, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jing Gu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: yuanhr@ms.giec.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiang Ling",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing 211816, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing 211816, China; Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "idUYTacu": {
        "id": "idUYTacu",
        "title": "Development of high-performance SO2 trap materials in the low-temperature region for diesel exhaust emission control",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Growing concern about sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) poisoning NO  x   removal catalysts has resulted in the development of desulfurization materials for SO 2  trap. In this study, a series of high-specific-surface-area manganese oxide (HSSA MnO 2 ) were selected as desulfurization materials and characterized by nitrogen adsorption and SEM. HSSA MnO 2  has good SO 2  capture performance over a wide temperature range. At low temperature, SO 2  capture capacity and adsorption rate increase with the specific surface area and HSSA MnO 2  showed high SO 2  capture performance. The effect of temperature on sulfate rate of HSSA MnO 2  can be explained by the grain model. The gradient of sulfate rate constant decreases with increasing the reaction temperature, and there is a sudden drop at 500 °C. The SO 2  capture performance of regenerated HSSA MnO 2  decreases sharply because of physical damage by calcination at high temperature.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xuecheng Liu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, No. 2 Nengyuan Rd., Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yugo Osaka",
                "org": "Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Hongyu Huang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, No. 2 Nengyuan Rd., Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Akio Kodama",
                "org": "Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaohong He",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, No. 2 Nengyuan Rd., Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huhetaoli",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, No. 2 Nengyuan Rd., Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xixian Yang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, No. 2 Nengyuan Rd., Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, PR China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, No. 2 Nengyuan Rd., Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, PR China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Separation and Purification Technology",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "TgyhHTc6": {
        "id": "TgyhHTc6",
        "title": "Influence of Carbon Dioxide on the Thermal Degradation Process of Representative Components of Combustible Solid Wastes Using Thermogravimetric–Mass Spectrometry",
        "abstract": "The thermal mass loss, gaseous-phase reactions, and reaction kinetics of five representative components of combustible solid wastes (CSWs), i.e., rice straw (RS), eucalyptus wood, blank printing paper (BPP), high-density polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), under argon (Ar) and carbon dioxide (CO2) atmospheres were studied by thermogravimetric–mass spectrometry to observe the effect of CO2 on the thermal degradation process. The CO2 atmosphere had a bigger influence than the Ar atmosphere on the thermal mass loss of CSW; CO2 affected the main gaseous product distribution, which was attributed to the complex gas reforming reaction that occurred in the gaseous phase, and abundant CO2 promoted the formation of CO and CH4. When the temperature was over 650 °C, the CO2 reduction reaction occurred in the solid phase and the residue of RS and BPP was mainly silicon, calcium, and potassium oxidizers. The best fitting mechanism of the first main mass loss stage of CSW in an Ar atmosphere was mainly the nucl...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Jing Gu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yazhuo Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Taoli Huhe",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy & Fuels",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "KWvfxNKP": {
        "id": "KWvfxNKP",
        "title": "STUDY ON INHALABLE PARTICULATE FROM COMBUSTION SOURCES",
        "abstract": "In this paper,the source analyse of PM10was introduced.The emission factors and eˉmission measurement from both industrial combustion sources and small combustion sources were summarized respectively.Moreover,the emphasis and direction for future study were presented at the end of this paper.",
        "keywords": [
            "emission factors",
            "inhalable particulate",
            "combustion sources",
            "emission measurement"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-gang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Graduate Shool of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XIANG Yin-hua",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy Environmental Protection",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "jP1G1XM5": {
        "id": "jP1G1XM5",
        "title": "Insight into forced hydrogen re-arrangement and altered reaction pathways in a protocol for CO2 catalytic processing of oleic acid into C8–C15 alkanes",
        "abstract": "A new vision of using carbon dioxide (CO2) catalytic processing of oleic acid into C8–C15 alkanes over a nano-nickel/zeolite catalyst is reported in this paper. The inherent and essential reasons which make this achievable are clearly resolved by using totally new catalytic reaction pathways of oleic acid transformation in a CO2 atmosphere. The yield of C8–C15 ingredients reaches 73.10 mol% in a CO2 atmosphere, which is much higher than the 49.67 mol% yield obtained in a hydrogen (H2) atmosphere. In the absence of an external H2 source, products which are similar to aviation fuel are generated where aromatization of propene (C3H6) oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) involving CO2 and propane (C3H8) and hydrogen transfer reactions are found to account for hydrogen liberation in oleic acid and achieve its re-arrangement in the final alkane products. The reaction pathway in the CO2 atmosphere is significantly different from that in the H2 atmosphere, as shown by the presence of 8-heptadecene, γ-stearolactone, and 3-heptadecene as reaction intermediates, as well as a CO formation pathway. Because of the highly dispersed Ni metal center on the zeolite support, H2 spillover is observed in the H2 atmosphere, which inhibits the production of short-chain alkanes and reveals the inherent disadvantage of using H2. The CO2 processing of oleic acid described in this paper will significantly contribute to future CO2 utilization chemistry and provide an economical and promising approach for the production of sustainable alkane products which are similar to aviation fuel.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shiyou Xing",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingmei Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongming Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Green Chemistry",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "aQs1rgUx": {
        "id": "aQs1rgUx",
        "title": "Study on CDM case for wind power generation",
        "abstract": "Taking wind power projects in Guangdong province as CDM cases,using the structure of Guangdong electrical source as the baseline and applying the incremental cost analysis approach,the unit carbon-mitigation cost of wind power generation was calculated and the sensitivity analysis was conducted.The calculated results show that the unit carbon-mitigation cost of a wind power CDM project is 65 dollars per ton-carbon,the emission reductions of CO2 is 1.106 9 million tons in 3×7 years when equipped capacitor is 50 MW.The sensitivity analysis results elicit that the reductions of the unit carbon-mitigation cost of a CDM project will need to consider multifactor comprehensive influence function.",
        "keywords": [
            "mitigation cost of carbon",
            "wind power generation",
            "greenhouse gas(GHG)",
            "clean development mechanism(CDM)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "HE Jun-fei",
                "org": "South China University of Technology,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MA Xiao-qian",
                "org": "South China University of Technology,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electric Power",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "CFuPwFHM": {
        "id": "CFuPwFHM",
        "title": "Experimental study for effect of molten salts on raw fuel gas composition",
        "abstract": "The modification of raw fuel gas composition of molten salts is carried out in the fixed reactor. The effects of temperature, flux, hole diameter of the baffle plate, retention time of bubble, et al., on raw fuel gas composition are investigated at 350~500°C. The results show that CO2 in the raw fuel gas can be effectively absorbed by molten salts and the volume fraction of CO2 in the raw fuel gas is around 2%. The temperature, flux and retention time of bubble have great influence on the volume fraction of H2 and CO. The modification of raw fuel gas composition of molten salts can be a suitable follow-up procedure for gasification or pyrolysis to upgrade the quality of fuel gas.",
        "keywords": [
            "Gasification",
            "Molten salts",
            "Syngas"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-bo",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU An-qi",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Hong-xiang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Xiandai Huagong/Modern Chemical Industry",
        "year": 2013
    },
    "w2Od0OnQ": {
        "id": "w2Od0OnQ",
        "title": "Experimental study on toluene cracking in eutectic salts",
        "abstract": "The toluene cracking experiments were carried out in an eutectic salt reactor.Catalytic effects of NN salt(8.3% Na2CO3+91.7% NaOH) and NK salt(71% Na2CO3+29% K2CO3) on the toluene cracking rate,gas product yield and benzene yield were investigated.The results show that the eutectic salts have obvious catalyses on the toluene cracking.When cracking at 800 ℃ with NK salt and NN salt,the toluene cracking rates are increased by 27% and 46%,respectively,compared with thermal cracking.And the benzene yield is greatly reduced.When cracking with NN salt at a temperature higher than 750 ℃,H2 in gas product is mainly from the reaction between NN slat and the cracking tar.",
        "keywords": [
            "eutectic salts",
            "toluene",
            "cracking"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-bo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China 3.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China 3.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU An-qi",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China 3.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Chang-he",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China 3.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China 3.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China 3.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2011
    },
    "yPxoLPPM": {
        "id": "yPxoLPPM",
        "title": "Research on pyrolysis of spent alkaline zinc manganese dioxide batteries in a rotary kiln",
        "abstract": "Pyrolysis characteristics of the spent alkaline zinc manganese dioxide batteries in a bench scale rotary kiln were studied under different conditions. The effects of temperature,residence time and flow rate of carrier gas on Hg removal rate were investigated.The law of the Hg absorption,the content of the tail gas and the form change of the spent Zn/MnO2 batteries were investigated.The most efficient condition is: temperature 690 ℃,residence time 100 min,flowrate of carrier gas 0.06 m3/h.The most influential factor is residence time.The less influential factor is temperature.Flowrate of carrier gas has a footy factor on Hg removal rate.The absorption solution absorbs almost all the Hg in the tail gas.Approximately 95% of the Hg absorbed in the absorption solution is simple substance.Much crystalline solid is found in the pyrolysis residue.The metallic element is low valent.",
        "keywords": [
            "spent alkaline zinc manganese dioxide batteries",
            "pyrolysis",
            "rotary kiln"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Qu Zhaozhou",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Zengli",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Haibin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhou Zhouyu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "DjTYkkgX": {
        "id": "DjTYkkgX",
        "title": "Characterization of the decomposition behaviors of catalytic pyrolysis of wood using copper and potassium over thermogravimetric and Py-GC/MS analysis",
        "abstract": "Characterizing the pyrolysis of inorganic matter-rich biomass is important for the preparation of bio-fuel precursors. Here, thermogravimetric and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS) were employed to elucidate the specific pyrolysis mechanisms of demineralized wood dust (AWD) impregnated with varying amounts of the inorganic compounds, copper and potassium. During the pyrolysis process, there was a dramatic decomposition of hemicellulose (at 200–320°C) and of cellulose (at 320–420 °C), along with slow lignin degradation. The decomposition of hemicellulose was substantially promoted with an increasing amount of copper. In addition, a decreased amount of aldehydes and phenols was observed, indicating a lower level of cellulose and lignin degradation, which led to more generation of bio-fuel precursors (C5–C16). In contrast to copper, potassium substantially promoted the decomposition of cellulose and lignin, but had negligible effect on hemicellulose. In the presence of both copper and potassium, the latter had a more dominant role causing an increased amount of small molecular compounds (C2–C4, i.e., from 10.91% to 22.12%), and decreased amounts of bio-fuel precursors (i.e., from 62.19% to 52.49%). The various decomposition pathways that might be involved in the catalytic pyrolysis of wood using copper and potassium are discussed.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shiyou Xing",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Huhetaoli",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yujie Qi",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Energy",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "WmcSvRhs": {
        "id": "WmcSvRhs",
        "title": "Experimental study on thermal decomposition of brominated epoxy resin printed circuit boards",
        "abstract": "The thermal decomposition of a kind of brominted epoxy resin(BER) printed circuit boards was investigated by using TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS.The mechanism of the thermal decomposition of the resin was discussed.The experimental results show that during the thermal decomposition of BER,the brominated parts are firstly decomposed with the splitting of OH—C,O—CH2,C—C(Benzene) bonds,and the pyrolysis products such as CO,acetone,bromomethane,bromophenol and 2,6-dibromophenol are produced.The decomposition of unbrominated parts is conducted at higher temperature with the splitting of OH—C,CH2—O—benzene,C—C(Benzene) bonds,and the pyrolysis products containing phenol,p-isopropylphenol,p-isopropenylacetylphenol,o-methylphenol and p-methylphenol are made.",
        "keywords": [
            "Brominated epoxy resin",
            "Printed circuit boards",
            "Py-GC/MS",
            "TG-FTIR",
            "Thermal decomposition"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Fei",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "afZvMhPB": {
        "id": "afZvMhPB",
        "title": "Hydrogen-rich gas production from biomass air and oxygen/steam gasification in a downdraft gasifier",
        "abstract": "Biomass gasification is an important method to obtain renewable hydrogen. However, this technology still stagnates in a laboratory scale because of its high-energy consumption. In order to get maximum hydrogen yield and decrease energy consumption, this study applies a self-heated downdraft gasifier as the reactor and uses char as the catalyst to study the characteristics of hydrogen production from biomass gasification. Air and oxygen/steam are utilized as the gasifying agents. The experimental results indicate that compared to biomass air gasification, biomass oxygen/steam gasification improves hydrogen yield depending on the volume of downdraft gasifier, and also nearly doubles the heating value of fuel gas. The maximum lower heating value of fuel gas reaches 11.11 MJ/N m3 for biomass oxygen/steam gasification. Over the ranges of operating conditions examined, the maximum hydrogen yield reaches 45.16 g H2/kg biomass. For biomass oxygen/steam gasification, the content of H2 and CO reaches 63.27-72.56%, while the content of H2 and CO gets to 52.19-63.31% for biomass air gasification. The ratio of H2/CO for biomass oxygen/steam gasification reaches 0.70-0.90, which is lower than that of biomass air gasification, 1.06-1.27. The experimental and comparison results prove that biomass oxygen/steam gasification in a downdraft gasifier is an effective, relatively low energy consumption technology for hydrogen-rich gas production. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
        "keywords": [
            "air",
            "biomass",
            "downdraft gasifier",
            "hydrogen",
            "oxygen/steam gasification",
            "carbon monoxide",
            "oxygen",
            "bioenergy",
            "technology",
            "energy conversion",
            "operant conditioning",
            "hydrogen production"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Longlong Ma",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jingxu Zhu",
                "org": "Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada N6A 5B9"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Renewable Energy",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "V4XUQ41H": {
        "id": "V4XUQ41H",
        "title": "Modification of raw fuel gas of molten salts",
        "abstract": "The modification of raw fuel gas composition of molten salts is carried out in fixed reactor.The effects of temperature,flux,bubble diameter,position of interface and inlet gas composition on the composition of syngas and physical properties of molten salts are investigated.The results show that,under all experiment cases with temperature range of 350-500℃,CO2 is effectively absorbed by molten salts,and the volume fraction of CO2 in the syngas is around 2%.After 11 hours' continuous operation,the composition of syngas is relatively stable.After the experiment,Na2CO3 concentration is higher in the middle and lower at the end of the molten salts.The melting point of the molten salts has little change for different Na2CO3 and NaOH ratio.The modification of raw fuel gas composition of molten slats can be a suitable follow-up procedure for gasification or pyrolysis to upgrade syngas quality.",
        "keywords": [
            "syngas",
            "molten salts",
            "gasification"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-bo",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LIU An-qi",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Zhi-qiang",
                "org": "Yongxing Municipal Services & Mangement Office,Ji'an ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou ,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,CAS,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Modern Chemical Industry",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "qJT7pTAw": {
        "id": "qJT7pTAw",
        "title": "PAHs in PM_(10) emitted from different waste incinerators",
        "abstract": "The sampler for PM_(10) from atmosphere was refit,with which a set of PM_(10)(inhaled particulate matter) sampling system applied in flue gas from waste incinerators was established.With the sampling system PM_(10) from 3 different incinerators was sampled respectively.16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in PM_(10) were quantified by GC-MS.The mass fraction of PAHs in PM_(10) and the concentration of PAHs in flue were obtained.The PAHs with different rings were compared.And the toxic parameters of PAHs were analyzed.The result show that most of the PAHs in PM_(10) is of 4,5,and 6 rings,while only little PAHs is of 3 and 2 rings.Compared with coal-fired power plant,the concentration and toxic parameters of PAHs emitted from waste incinerators are higher.",
        "keywords": [
            "inhaled particulate(PM_(10))",
            "polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)",
            "waste incineration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-gang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing "
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-bo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing "
            },
            {
                "name": "XIANG Yin-hua",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "fe9sUUJi": {
        "id": "fe9sUUJi",
        "title": "THE CHARACTER OF PAHs IN PM_(10) EMITTED FROM DIFFERENT WASTE BURNING",
        "abstract": "Four kinds of waste including wood powder,chaff,bagasse and refused derived fuel(RDF)were burned under the condition of two different excess air coefficient.The inhalable particulate matter(PM_(10))emitted from them was sampled and analyzed.The mass content and emission character of PAHs in PM_(10) were obtained.And the PAHs of different rings were compared.The toxic equivalency parameters of PAHs were analyzed.",
        "keywords": [
            "waste",
            "inhalable particulate",
            "polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons."
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-gang",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,,China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XIANG Yin-hua",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Environmental Chemistry",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "2PPEKzZF": {
        "id": "2PPEKzZF",
        "title": "One-step hydroprocessing of fatty acids into renewable aromatic hydrocarbons over Ni/HZSM-5: insights into the major reaction pathways.",
        "abstract": "For high caloricity and stability in bio-aviation fuels, a certain content of aromatic hydrocarbons (AHCs, 8-25 wt%) is crucial. Fatty acids, obtained from waste or inedible oils, are a renewable and economic feedstock for AHC production. Considerable amounts of AHCs, up to 64.61 wt%, were produced through the one-step hydroprocessing of fatty acids over Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts. Hydrogenation, hydrocracking, and aromatization constituted the principal AHC formation processes. At a lower temperature, fatty acids were first hydrosaturated and then hydrodeoxygenated at metal sites to form long-chain hydrocarbons. Alternatively, the unsaturated fatty acids could be directly deoxygenated at acid sites without first being saturated. The long-chain hydrocarbons were cracked into gases such as ethane, propane, and C-C olefins over the catalysts' Brønsted acid sites; these underwent Diels-Alder reactions on the catalysts' Lewis acid sites to form AHCs. C-C olefins were determined as critical intermediates for AHC formation. As the Ni content in the catalyst increased, the Brønsted-acid site density was reduced due to coverage by the metal nanoparticles. Good performance was achieved with a loading of 10 wt% Ni, where the Ni nanoparticles exhibited a polyhedral morphology which exposed more active sites for aromatization.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shiyou Xing",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Jiayan Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science & Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Junying Fu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Pei Fan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingmei Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Gaixiu Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan Province, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. lvpm@ms.giec.ac.cn yuanzh@ms.giec.ac.cn and Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China and Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "rz0VzL59": {
        "id": "rz0VzL59",
        "title": "Emission character of metal elements in inhalable particulate emitted from several waste burning",
        "abstract": "Several wastes including paper scrap,bagasse,wood powder,chaff and refused derived fuel(RDF) were burned.The inhalable particulate matter(PM_(10)) emitted from them was sampled and analyzed.The mass fraction and emission character of metal elements in PM_(10) were obtained,which were compared with those in relevant raw materials and ashes.The results show that the kinds of metal in PM_(10) are related to the materials.The mass fraction of metal elements in PM_(10) from paper scraps is the lowest while that from RDF is the highest.It is also found that the mass fraction of some heavy metals are very high,which are several times of those in soil.The metal distribution in PM_(10) and ashes is closely correlated to the character of metals.The metal elements are obviously concentrated in PM_(10).",
        "keywords": [
            "Emission character",
            "Inhalable particulate(PM10)",
            "Metal element",
            "Waste"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-gang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China;Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "XIANG Yin-hua",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zengli",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "EiwfLsYL": {
        "id": "EiwfLsYL",
        "title": "Experimental study on the effect of eutectic salts on pyrolysis of waste printed circuit boards (PCB)",
        "abstract": "The pyrolysis process of printed circuit boards(PCB) under different temperatures and with different molten salts loading were studied with a vertical fixed bed reactor.The liquid products and solid products were analyzed.The result shows that the binary eutectic salts can decrease the liquid product yield.Consequently,the carbon conversion rate from PCB to gas products increases greatly.Without binary eutectic salts at 900 ℃ the liquid yield is 28.29%,and the carbon conversion rate from PCB to gas products is 35.94%.While at 700 ℃,with 71% Na2CO3-29%K2CO3,the liquid yield is 22.34%,and the carbon conversion rate from PCB to gas products increases to 40.76%.When changing the molten material to 8.3% Na2CO3-91.7%NaOH,the liquid yield decreases to 6.88%,and the carbon conversion rate to gas phase reaches 59.36%.The ultimate analysis result shows that carbon in the solid products decreases while adding eutectic salts,and the H/C ratios of liquid products are between 1.12 and 1.20.",
        "keywords": [
            "printed circuit board",
            "pyrolysis",
            "eutectic salt"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Fei",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Yi-min",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "O3EPGmq5": {
        "id": "O3EPGmq5",
        "title": "CDM Case Analysis of Co-Combustion of Biomass with Coal for Power Generation",
        "abstract": "In this research,the application of the co-combustion technology of biomass with coal for power generation in Guangdong is used as a Clean Development Mechanism(CDM) case to reveal the mitigation cost per unit carbon for the power generation by co-combustion under different proportions of fuel.This investigation is based on three baselines and the incremental cost analysis.Moreover,a sensitivity analysis is also carried out.The results show that the mitigation cost per unit carbon for the power generation by co-combustion is between 76 and 111 dollars per ton,and that the emission reduction of CO_2 per year is between 34092 and 146698t(calculated in the mass of carbon) when combusting 91000~364000t of biomass each year.",
        "keywords": [
            "co-combustion",
            "power generation",
            "biomass",
            "mitigation cost",
            "coal",
            "Clean Development Mechanism"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ma Xiao-qian",
                "org": "College of Electric Power,South China Univ.of Tech.,Guangzhou ,Guangdong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "He Jun-fei",
                "org": "College of Electric Power,South China Univ.of Tech.,Guangzhou ,Guangdong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,Guangdong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,Guangdong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,Guangdong,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition)",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "up0vI1Fx": {
        "id": "up0vI1Fx",
        "title": "Status of BIGCC power generation system and key technology analysis",
        "abstract": "the key technology and equipments of biomass integrated gasification combined cycle BIGCC power generation system are introduced.The processes and running conditions of BIGCC demonstrate projects are summarized.And the feasibility and key technology of development of BIGCC system in China are analyzed.",
        "keywords": [
            "key technology",
            "biomass",
            "integrated gasification combined cycle(IGCC)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Fei",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion China Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHANG Pu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion China Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YIN Xiu-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion China Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion China Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion China Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Chuang-zhi",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion China Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion China Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Renewable Energy",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "GMmpFPUZ": {
        "id": "GMmpFPUZ",
        "title": "An experimental study on pyrolysis and incineration of medical wastes",
        "abstract": "A fixed fire grate system for pyrolyis and incineration of medical wastes is introduced in this paper.Its main components include pyrolysis and incineration furnace,heat exchanger heat pipe,cooling tower and bag-type dust collector.The test results indicate that the average temperatures in furnace chamber and second furnace room are about 850 ℃ and 1000 ℃,respectively.The concentrations of CO,NO_x,HCl,SO_2 in off gas are 71 mg/m~3,125 mg/m~3,27.8 mg/m~3 and 21 mg/m~3 respectively,all the values are much lower than that of standard limitation.",
        "keywords": [
            "fixed grate fire",
            "pyrolysis",
            "incineration",
            "medical wastes"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiong Zuhong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Haibin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Zengli",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Wu Chuangzhi",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "ILGt3KhN": {
        "id": "ILGt3KhN",
        "title": "Study on the pyrolytic characteristics of ABS,PPO and POM in electronic products",
        "abstract": "The pyrolytic characteristics of ABS,PPO and POM are investigated by means of thermogravimetry,and the pyrolytic activation energy and frequency factor have been obtained.The effect of different heating speeds on the pyrolytic behavior has been investigated,and the gaseous pyrolysis products were also analyzed.",
        "keywords": [
            "electric waste",
            "pyrolytic characteristics",
            "thermogravimetry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "LI Fei",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Science Acadamy of China,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Science Acadamy of China,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Science Acadamy of China,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "MA Xiao-qian",
                "org": "South China University of Technology,Guangzhou ,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "CHEN Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Science Acadamy of China,Guangzhou ,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Renewable Energy Resources",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "2qzgqM4q": {
        "id": "2qzgqM4q",
        "title": "Pollutant discharge of melting ash from waste incineration",
        "abstract": "Mass loss process of fly ash from solid waste incineration was investigated by high temperature TG apparatus. The experiment was performed at the range of 40°C-1400°C under heating rate of 10°C /min and N2 atmosphere. Two main mass loss peaks were found at 800°C-1000°C and 1000°C-1200°C, respectively. Weight loss ingredients and air pollutant were investigated by bench-scale experiment. The results shows that emissions of heavy metals and air pollutant in these two temperature spans exceed National Standard, and ash melting must be operated carefully.",
        "keywords": [
            "Ash melting",
            "Heavy metal",
            "Mass loss",
            "Pollutant"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "WANG Xiao-bo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YAN Chang-feng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "ZHAO Zeng-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shouju J. Pan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection(Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "LI Hai-bin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao/Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2008
    },
    "0bQPyiBO": {
        "id": "0bQPyiBO",
        "title": "Solvent-free catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid via nano-Ni/HZSM-5: Effect of reaction medium and coke characterization",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Non-H 2  and solvent-free catalytic conversion of waste lipids to liquid hydrocarbons is of great interest because of the associated low-cost, full-safety, and easy-operability. In this work, a solvent-free catalytic process for deoxygenating oleic acid was performed in H 2  and non-H 2  (N 2 , CH 4 , and CO 2 ) media over nano-Ni/HZSM-5. 8-Heptadecene, a primary product obtained at 320 °C in four media, was derived from the straightforward decarboxylation of oleic acid. In non-H 2  medium at 360 °C, the formation of C 8 –C 15  alkanes was enhanced, with yields of ca. 65.05 mol%, 70.71 mol%, and 73.09 mol% for N 2 , CH 4 , and CO 2 , respectively. A low yield of 49.67 mol% C 8 –C 15  alkanes in H 2  medium suggested that the H 2  medium reduced catalytic cracking. This was due to the preferential formation of stable heptadecane from 8-heptadecene in the presence of abundant H 2 . The absence of H 2  favored the cracking of 8-heptadecene. These cracked products were further converted to C 8 –C 15  alkanes, for which a mass supply of hydrogen was mandatory. Gas-phase reactions including methanation, Fisher-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis, and water-gas shift (WGS) reactions between deoxygenated gas products and reaction media provided significant pathways for the hydrogen required for the formation of alkanes. The CH 4  medium also acted as a hydrogen source due to its decomposition, catalyzed by nano-Ni/HZSM-5. Coke was substantially formed in all the four media. It was highlighted that the medium of H 2  favored the formation of aliphatic cokes, whereas the non-H 2  media, particularly the CO 2  medium, facilitated aromatic coke species on account of its weak oxidizability. Additionally, there was a severe loss of loaded Ni nanoparticles under H 2  medium but a slight Ni loss in CO 2  medium, which was proposed to the reason of aromatic cokes formation at the catalyst surface, acting as a trap for the loaded Ni nanoparticles.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Shiyou Xing",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Pengmei Lv",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Che Zhao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ming Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lingmei Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhongming Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shijun Liu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Fuel Processing Technology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "2ac7eaIX": {
        "id": "2ac7eaIX",
        "title": "Vehicle Life Cycle Assessment Covering its Manufacturing,Use and Recycling",
        "abstract": "For studying the effect of vehicle on environment in its whole life span,the emission produced in the three stages(manufacturing,use and recycling) of vehicle life is analyzed and calculated by life cycle assessment.The effects of different fuels(90# lead-free gasoline,LPG,LNG and gasohol) on environment are also compared.The results show that certain pollutions are produced and have some effects on environment in all three phases of vehicle life,and using LPG and gasohol as fuel for vehicles as much as possible and recycling of discarded vehicle are all beneficial.",
        "keywords": [
            "Liquefied natural gas",
            "Gasohol",
            "Life cycle assessment",
            "Recycling",
            "Vehicle"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Wu Changhong",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ma Xiaoqian",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Zengli",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Haibin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou "
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Automotive Engineering",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "3THbn4x3": {
        "id": "3THbn4x3",
        "title": "NO_x EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RDF COMBUSTION IN FLUIDIZED BED",
        "abstract": "The RDF combustion in fluidized bed was carfide on. And the generation of NO_x contaminant under different operating conditions was also studied. It showed that contaminant NO_x generation is closely related to RDF composition,combustion temperature, excess air ratio and secondary air. The adding of secondary air and keeping excess air ratioat 1.1 can decrease NO_x generation.",
        "keywords": [
            "NO_x",
            "fluidize bed",
            "RDF",
            "combustion"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhao Song",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Engergy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou , China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Haibin",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Engergy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yan Changfeng",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Engergy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhao Zengli",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Engergy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou , China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": " Guangzhou Institute of Engergy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou , China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "5QiyDLwA": {
        "id": "5QiyDLwA",
        "title": "Lysine-modified TiO2 nanotube array for optimizing bioelectricity generation in microbial fuel cells",
        "abstract": "Abstract   As the carrier of electroactive bacteria and part of the electron migration path, the anode is a restricting factor for the power density of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, carbon-coated TiO 2  nanotube array (TNT/HL) was synthesized by anodization and thermal treatment, for use as anodes in MFCs to promote power production. Due to the sucker structure and the carbon attachment, the TNT/HL anode increased the bacterial loading capacity when exposed under lamplight or natural light. Single-chamber MFCs with the TNT/HL anode achieved a maximum power density of 0.88 W/m 2 , which is much higher than that of MFCs using the common commercial carbon cloth (CC) anode (0.61 W/m 2 ). Further investigation attributed such superior results to the better biocompatibility, enlarged electroactive surface, decreased electric resistance and Tafel slope of the as-prepared TNT/HL anode. This study introduces a promising anode material for MFCs with high conductivity, high current density, and fast extracellular electron transfer (EET).",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Dong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyuan Zhang",
                "org": "College of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Denian Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Lu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Chen",
                "org": "School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "fbX6q0AR": {
        "id": "fbX6q0AR",
        "title": "Ultramicropore-Rich Renewable Porous Carbon from Biomass Tar with Excellent Adsorption Capacity and Selectivity for CO2 Capture",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Denian Li",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huibing Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Chemical Engineering Journal",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "lApsypMX": {
        "id": "lApsypMX",
        "title": "Optimization of biodrying pretreatment of municipal solid waste and microbial fuel cell treatment of leachate",
        "abstract": "The biodrying pretreatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the treatment of leachate were investigated. The biological oxygen demand (BOD) and NH4 +-N concentration of leachate from MSW biodrying pretreatment were measured, and the optimal conditions for MSW biodrying pretreatment and microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance were established. The results show that the optimal temperature and time for biodrying pretreatment of MSW were 40°C and 6 day, resulting in 30% weight loss of MSW, 20,800 mg/L leachate BOD, and 1,410 mg/L leachate NH4 +-N. Effects of leachate properties on MFC performance were then studied. The optimal conditions for electricity generation of the MFC were neutral pH, 5,093 mg/L leachate BOD, and 341 mg/L leachate NH4 +-N. The stable voltage of MFC generated using diluted leachate was 0.32 V, and the removal efficiencies of BOD and NH4 +-N by the MFC were 86.0 and 88.8% after 7 day of treatment, respectively. These findings provide guidelines for the pretreatment of MSW and the treatment of leachate, and for further research and actual engineering application.",
        "keywords": [
            "municipal solid waste",
            " microbial fuel cell",
            " leachate",
            " biodrying"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "lifang deng",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "chinese academy of sciences"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering",
        "year": 2014
    },
    "eXviL6Nf": {
        "id": "eXviL6Nf",
        "title": "Recycling electroplating sludge to produce sustainable electrocatalysts for the efficient conversion of carbon dioxide in a microbial electrolysis cell",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Electrochemical reduction is one of the most promising methods for converting carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into valuable chemicals, but its disadvantages include its low efficiency and need for a high electrode overpotential. In this study, a novel catalyst derived from thermally treated electroplating sludge (TES) was investigated for use in the electrochemical reduction of CO 2  by means of full utilization of the chemical features of electroplating sludge. This new catalyst can reduce CO 2  with a peak potential of −0.3 V (versus SCE), as measured using a linear sweep voltammogram, suggesting its’ good electrocatalytic activity. Furthermore, this catalyst is feasible for use in converting CO 2  in a microbial electrolysis cell; the main products were methane, ethylene, carbon monoxide and acetate with faraday efficiencies of 37.3%, 25.9%, 7.8% and 6.8% at an external potential of 0.6 V, respectively. The catalytic performance of the TES-based catalyst is much better than that of catalysts derived from municipal and dyeing sewage sludge. Electrokinetic data and electrochemical in situ infrared spectra reveal that the notable reactivity for CO 2  reduction may arise from a competition between the slow combination of pairs of CO 2  ·−  ions and the fast kinetic activation toward protonation on the metal or metal oxide surface of the TES. This study presents a new approach to recycling solid waste to produce an inexpensive catalyst that performs CO 2  conversion well.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xixi Cai",
                "org": "Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Tao Zheng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shungui Zhou",
                "org": "Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "Bt1Hz4lX": {
        "id": "Bt1Hz4lX",
        "title": "Improved performance of microbial fuel cells through addition of trehalose lipids",
        "abstract": "Electron transfer from microorganisms to the electrode is the key process in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, a trehalose lipid was added to a Rhodococcus pyridinivorans-inoculated MFC to improve the power output by enhancing electron transfer. Upon trehalose lipid addition, the current density and maximum power density were increased by 1.83 times and 5.93 times, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry analysis revealed that the addition of trehalose lipid increased the electron transfer performance, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results proved a decrease in internal resistance. Microscopy images showed that the trehalose lipid-treated bacteria interacted more closely with various flagellum-like contacts, while in the pure trehalose lipid (200 mg/L), pores were obviously observed in the cell surface.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peng Cheng",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences, China;"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Shan",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Dong",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "bioRxiv",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "hSPSa1Wj": {
        "id": "hSPSa1Wj",
        "title": "Nitrogen-doped carbon sheets derived from chitin as non-metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": "institute of energy conversion"
            },
            {
                "name": "lifang deng",
                "org": "institute of energy conversion"
            },
            {
                "name": "xixi cai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shungui zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "institute of energy conversion"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong yuan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "cuzN27jK": {
        "id": "cuzN27jK",
        "title": "Municipal Solid Waste Leachate Treatment Using Microbial Fuel Cell",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "leachate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "li fang deng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hao ran yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "hong yu huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Advanced Materials Research",
        "year": 2012
    },
    "VCwr381i": {
        "id": "VCwr381i",
        "title": "Significant enhancement of electron transfer from Shewanella oneidensis using a porous N-doped carbon cloth in a bioelectrochemical system.",
        "abstract": "Modifying the surface of an anode can improve electron transfer, thus enhancing the performance of the associated bioelectrochemical system. In this study, a porous N-doped carbon cloth electrode was obtained via a simple thermal reduction and etching treatment, and then used as the anode in a bioelectrochemical system. The electrode has a high nitrogen-to‑carbon (N/C) ratio (~3.9%) and a large electrochemically active surface area (145.4 cm, about 4.4 times higher than that of the original carbon cloth), which increases the bacterial attachment and provides more active sites for extracellular electron transfer. Electrochemical characterization reveals that the peak anodic current (0.71 mA) of the porous N-doped carbon cloth electrode in riboflavin is 18 times higher than that of the original carbon cloth electrode (0.04 mA), confirming the presence of more electroactive sites for the redox reaction. We also obtained a maximum current density of 0.29 mA/cm during operation of a bioelectrochemical system featuring the porous N-doped carbon cloth electrode, which is 14.5 times higher than that of the original carbon cloth electrode. This result demonstrates that the adoption of our new electrode is a viable strategy for boosting the performance of bioelectrochemical systems.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bioelectrochemical systems",
            "Carbon cloth",
            "Extracellular electron transfer",
            "Hierarchical honeycomb-like structure",
            "Shewanella oneidensis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Hao-Ran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Fang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: denglf@ms.giec.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Xin Qian",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lu-Feng Wang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "De-Nian Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Yuan",
                "org": "School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address: yuanyong@soil.gd.cn."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Science of the total environment",
        "year": 2019
    },
    "m6wI0oaY": {
        "id": "m6wI0oaY",
        "title": "MnO2/Polypyrrole/MnO2 multi-walled-nanotube-modified anode for high-performance microbial fuel cells",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Hierarchical multi-walled MnO 2 /polypyrrole/MnO 2  nanotubes (NT-MPMs) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and were decorated on a carbon cloth anode to promote microbial fuel cell (MFC) power production. Compared with bare carbon cloth (CK) anodes, the maximum power density of the MFC with an NT-MPM-decorated anode reaches 32.7 ± 3 W/cm 3 , which is approximately 1.3 times higher than that of the CK, and it exhibits excellent durability. The voltage outputs of the NT-MPM anode MFC decreased by 9.2% after being subjected to more than 90 full discharging–charging cycles. In additionbanode, which facilitated biofilm growth and promoted extracellular electron transfer between the bacteria and the electrode. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements reveal that NT-MPM anodes lead to a low charge transfer resistance and provide unique active centers that host the bacteria for more efficient electrocatalysis. This study introduces a promising method for the fabrication of high-performance anodes from simple, inexpensive materials.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "2qnwTyBd": {
        "id": "2qnwTyBd",
        "title": "Enhanced Rhodococcus pyridinivorans sp. strain HR-1 anode performance in microbial fuel cells by adding polymyxin B sulfate",
        "abstract": "Abstract   In this study, the power output of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) inoculated with  R . pyridinivorans sp. strain HR-1 has been successfully improved by the addition of the antibiotic polymyxin B sulfate. Pores are observed clearly in SEM images while CV measurement shows an enhancement of electrochemical activity. EIS results indicate a decline in internal resistance. The pores are proven to improve electron transfer, resulting in an improvement of power output. To the best of our knowledge, this is a novel approach to studying how antibiotics act on bacteria in an MFC and the first report of creating pores with a polypeptide antibiotic in an MFC.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peng Cheng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Shan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Dong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochemistry Communications",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "OKsxBCGD": {
        "id": "OKsxBCGD",
        "title": "Facile Synthesis of MnO2/Polypyrrole/MnO2 Multiwalled Nanotubes as Advanced Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "microbial fuel cells"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "haoran yuan",
                "org": "institute of energy conversion"
            },
            {
                "name": "lifang deng",
                "org": "institute of energy conversion"
            },
            {
                "name": "jiahuan tang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shungui zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": "institute of energy conversion"
            },
            {
                "name": "yong yuan",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2015
    },
    "3n7cjQg2": {
        "id": "3n7cjQg2",
        "title": "Alfalfa Leaf-Derived Porous Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Materials as Efficient Cathodic Catalysts in Microbial Fuel Cells",
        "abstract": "Heteroatom-doped lamellar-structured carbon with a high surface area synthesized from alfalfa leaves is utilized as a cathode catalyst in this study to improve the power output of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Different chemical activation agents are used to treat alfalfa leaf-derived carbon (ALC). It is found that chemical activation agents substantially affect the catalytic activities of the alfalfa leaf-derived carbon materials in the power output of MFCs and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). ALC materials activated by KOH (ALC-K) exhibit the best electrochemical activity compared with those of materials activated by FeCl3 (ALC-Fe) or ZnCl2 (ALC-Zn). A high limiting current density and excellent long-term stability can be seen with ALC-K as the cathode catalyst, which gives superior results to those of Pt/C. Moreover, a maximum power density of approximately 1328.9 mW/m2 is obtained from an MFC equipped with an ALC-K cathode, offering performance characteristics comparable to those of a Pt/C cathode ...",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuyuan Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yazhuo Wang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Chen",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "q3piBS2q": {
        "id": "q3piBS2q",
        "title": "N, P-doped mesoporous carbon from onion as trifunctional metal-free electrode modifier for enhanced power performance and capacitive manner of microbial fuel cells",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Electrode engineering is currently of great significance for addressing the challenge of relatively poor power density faced by microbial fuel cell. This work reported that readily available onion-derived activated carbon (AOC) featured with rich content of nitrogen and phosphorous, opened mesoporous structure, revealed as excellent trifunctional electrode modifier for MFC by boosting the anodic charge transfer efficiency and catalyzing cathodic oxygen reduction, which gave rise to nearly 60% increment in the maximum power density (up to 742 ± 17 mW m −2 ), and thirdly rendering the device with distinct transient charge storage capacity that is 15 times of the plain counterpart. Itu0027s further revealed that these remarkably enhanced performances could be attributable to the improved electrochemical properties, and intrinsic capacitance of anode by AOC, in addition to its comparable electrocatalytic activity but obviously superior stability over Pt/C toward cathodic ORR. It is anticipated that this sustainable electrode modifier facilely obtained from natural plants with triple functionalities, metal-free nature yet low cost hold great potential for real use of MFC.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Denian Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Dong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jian Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian Zhang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Electrochimica Acta",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "nyj3d3F0": {
        "id": "nyj3d3F0",
        "title": "Steamed cake-derived 3D carbon foam with surface anchored carbon nanoparticles as freestanding anodes for high-performance microbial fuel cells.",
        "abstract": "Anode design is highly significant for microbial fuel cells, since it simultaneously serves as the scaffold for electroactive microorganisms and as a medium for electron migration. In this study, a stiff 3D carbon foam with surface anchored nitrogen-containing carbon nanoparticles was facilely constructed via in-situ polyaniline coating of carbonized steamed cake prior to the carbonization process. The resultant product was determined to be an excellent freestanding anode that enabled the microbial fuel cell to deliver a maximum power density of up to 1307 mW/m, which significantly outperformed its non-coated counterpart, the widely used commercial carbon felt. Further investigations revealed that the overall performance enhancement was associated with the open porosity, enlarged electroactive surface, increased biocompatibility, and decreased electric resistance of the anode scaffold. This promising anode material would offer a green and economical option for fabricating high-performance microbial fuel cell-based devices towards various ends.",
        "keywords": [
            "3-D carbon foam",
            "Carbon nanoparticles",
            "Freestanding anode",
            "Microbial fuel cells",
            "Steamed cake"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Ge Dong",
                "org": "Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China; Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Denian Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, China. Electronic address: denglf@ms.giec.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Peng Cheng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "The Science of the total environment",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "5pEvqfcL": {
        "id": "5pEvqfcL",
        "title": "Enhanced Rhodococcus pyridinivorans HR-1 anode performance by adding trehalose lipid in microbial fuel cell.",
        "abstract": "In this study, a trehalose lipid was added to a Rhodococcus pyridinivorans-inoculated MFC to improve the power output by enhancing electron transfer. Upon trehalose lipid additions of different concentrate from 0 to 20 mg/L, the maximum power density increased from 54.7 mW/m to 324.4 mW/m (5.93 times) while the corresponding current density was 3.66 times increased from 0.35 A/m to 1.28 A/m. Cyclic voltammetry analysis revealed that the addition of trehalose lipid increased the electron transfer performance, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results proved a decrease in internal resistance. It was demonstrated that adding bio-surfactant in MFC was a novel way to enhance power output performance.",
        "keywords": [
            "Bio-surfactant",
            "Electron transfer",
            "Microbial fuel cells",
            "Rhodococcus pyridinivorans",
            "Trehalose lipid"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Peng Cheng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Rui Shan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Hao-Ran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address: yuanhr@ms.giec.ac.cn."
            },
            {
                "name": "Li-Fang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China."
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Bioresource technology",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "xAEBeZIz": {
        "id": "xAEBeZIz",
        "title": "Honeycomb-like hierarchical carbon derived from livestock sewage sludge as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts in microbial fuel cells",
        "abstract": "Abstract   Cathode catalysts with excellent efficiencies, low costs and long-term durability in microbial fuel cell (MFC) applications have attracted considerable attention. Herein, hierarchically structured carbons with honeycomb-like interconnected macro-mesoporous frameworks and N, P, and Fe heteroatom doping have been successfully prepared through direct pyrolysis from livestock sewage sludge. In neutral media, the as-prepared activated livestock sewage sludge carbon (LSC-A) catalyst displayed great electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and a maximum power density of 1273 ± 3 mW/m 2  was obtained when this catalyst applied in MFCs, which is comparable to that of commercial Pt/C (1294 ± 2 mW/m 2 ). Furthermore, after 90 days of operation, the voltage output of the MFC with the LSC-A cathode decreased only 10.2%, which is considerably lower than the 28.4% decrease of the Pt/C cathode, indicating that LSC-A possesses a greater long-term stability than the Pt/C cathode. This study demonstrated that the N, P, Fe-doped honeycomb-like hierarchically structured carbon derived from livestock sewage sludge is a cost-efficient and promising cathode catalyst for scaling up MFCs.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Lifang Deng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xixi Cai",
                "org": "Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yingying Ruan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shungui Zhou",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "International Journal of Hydrogen Energy",
        "year": 2016
    },
    "HnZn84GC": {
        "id": "HnZn84GC",
        "title": "Strongly Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots from Biomass Tar as Highly Selective and Sensitive Probe for Fe3+ Detection",
        "abstract": "Nonhazardous and value-added utilization of biomass tar remains a great challenge in biomass gasification development. Herein, both model compounds and real biomass tar were for the first time tested as the carbon source for carbon quantum dots, where the resultants demonstrated excellent monodispersibility and strong fluorescence, quantum efficiency up to 53% and 43% were achieved. Moreover, the real tar-derived CQDs further revealed as a highly selective and sensitive probe for Fe3+, indicating its great potential ion sensing. It is expected that this work would open up a new strategy for biomass tar valorization.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Haoran Yuan",
                "org": "Laboratory for Integrated Technology of “Urban and Rural Mines” Exploitation, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xian Zhang",
                "org": "Laboratory for Integrated Technology of “Urban and Rural Mines” Exploitation, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Denian Li",
                "org": "Laboratory for Integrated Technology of “Urban and Rural Mines” Exploitation, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": "Laboratory for Integrated Technology of “Urban and Rural Mines” Exploitation, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 Nengyuan Road, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "NANO",
        "year": 2018
    },
    "m7upIYMm": {
        "id": "m7upIYMm",
        "title": "Experimental study on pyrolysis of waste tyre",
        "abstract": "In a laboratory apparatus for fast pyrolysis of waste tires, the composition and productivity of derived gases were determined in relation to pyrolysis temperature 500°-1000°C at different gas phase residence time. The time of complete pyrolysis decreases linearly with increasing temperature, while yield of char decreases slowly and yield of gas increases quickly. The gas yield at 1000°C is ~ 3 times higher than that at 500°C. The gases are identified as H 2, CO, CO 2, CH 4, C 2H 4, C 2H 6, and C 3H 6 in addition to lower concentrations of H 2S and other hydrocarbon gases. The gas heating value is ~ 20-37 MJ/(N-cu m) with the critical point of gas heating value between 700°and 800°C. The gas yield increases with increasing gas phase residence time in high temperature zone, while too long residence time can make the gas heating value decreased.",
        "keywords": [
            "Product distribution",
            "Pyrolysis",
            "Waste tyre"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiuli Yin",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengli Zhao",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingyan Xu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "289Lll20": {
        "id": "289Lll20",
        "title": "The characteristics of fluidization and gasification of biomass in circulating fluidized bed",
        "abstract": "This research project focused on the study of the fluidization characteristic of biomass in a 0.28m-ID Plexiglas circulating fluidized bed. The velocity distribution and voidage distribution under fast fluidization were examined. The performance of a 1 MWe Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier (CFBG) for power generation, in operation in Jiedong City, Guangdong Province, China, with a diameter of 2.0 m and a total height of 8.5 m, was also analyzed. The operation temperature was found to have a strong impact on gas efficiency, conversion of carbon, gas productivity, and gas composition. About 60.1-81.8% gas efficiency and 56.2-92.7% carbon conversion can be achieved when the temperature was about 630-1042 for sawdust. The successful operation of the 1 MWe CFBG demonstration plant for power generation showed CFB as a reactor for biomass gasification presenting a bright future.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengli Zhao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jesse Zhu",
                "org": "Western University(University of Western Ontario),London,Canada"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "AIChE Annual Meeting, Conference Proceedings",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "iTezsqe2": {
        "id": "iTezsqe2",
        "title": "Operational performance of mw scale biomass gasification and power generation plant",
        "abstract": "Based on the testing results of a 800 kW rice husk gasification and power generation plan in a rice factory in Changxing city, Zhejiang province, China, the operational performance of MW-scale biomass gasification and power generation plant was analyzed. The effects of bed temperature, equivalence ratio (ER) and load on the gasification characteristics of biomass in fluidized bed gasifier were investigated; the operational problems about the plant were also discussed. The results showed that the gasifier was not in well fluidized state, according to the axial temperature profile, and the temperature profile in dense phase of bed was correlative to change in ER and load. Bed temperature increased linearly with increasing ER when the load was fixed, while the lower temperature corresponded to higher load when ER was same; the low heating value of fuel gas (QLHV) was decreased with the rature increasing bed tempe, while the load had no effect on it. The low heating value of fuel gas ranged from 5453 to 6407 kJ/Nm at the temperature of 700-800°C. The influence of water content in rice husk helped to improve the QLHV and yield of fuel gas when the water content was below 15%, however, the operation of gasifier became unstable when it exceeded 15%.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Gasification and power generation",
            "Operational performance"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Chen",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuli Yin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaoqiu Zhou",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2007
    },
    "A5VIiJBG": {
        "id": "A5VIiJBG",
        "title": "Study on the plasma gasification of biomass",
        "abstract": "A plasma reactor which has high temperature and high enthalpy was used to study the biomass gasification. The product included solid char and gas. No tar was detected. The main gas product was the synthesis gas (H2 + CO). With the increase of steam flow, H2/CO molar ratio ranged from 0.90 to 1.15. The gas yield was about 2 L/g (biomass) and the combined volume of H2 and CO was 96%. The gas conversion of carbon was very high.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Gasification",
            "Plasma"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zengli Zhao",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "gdUQ56gy": {
        "id": "gdUQ56gy",
        "title": "TECHNO-ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION AND POWER GENERATION IN CHINA",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "yong chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "xiuli yin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "zengfan luo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "chuangzhi wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "haitao huang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "shunpeng zheng",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "dfvkWHMm": {
        "id": "dfvkWHMm",
        "title": "Design and operation analysis on middle-size biomass gasification and power generation system",
        "abstract": "The circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier is an optimal choice in system with capacity above 400 kW. Based on the design principle and practical running parameters of ″1 MW BGPG System″, it was found that the system operation is stable at 700-800 °C, and gradually reaches its optimal condition while the load being increased above 750 kW.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiuli Yin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Shunpeng Zheng",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengfan Luo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingyan Xu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "5i5DEvU9": {
        "id": "5i5DEvU9",
        "title": "Effect of biomass gasification on reducing CO2 emission",
        "abstract": "The characteristics and systematic efficiency of a biomass utilization system were analyzed and the reduction of CO2 emission comparing to fossil fuel consumption was described. Based on specific energy, CO2 emission rate was given. It was proved that biomass utilization technology can reduce about 90% CO2 as compared with fossil fuel.",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiuli Yin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Bingyan Xu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "EUdJPrwv": {
        "id": "EUdJPrwv",
        "title": "Biomass pyrolysis for liquids in circulating fluidized bed reactor",
        "abstract": "With the circulating fluidized bed reactor as main structure, an integrated facility was developed for the fast pyrolysis of biomass. The bed is divided into two zones according to the pyrolysis and secondary reaction and the main chemical process can be modelled. Based on the variation of the pyrolysis gas composition and the bio-oil ingredients, the experimental data highlights the important effects of temperature, heating rate and residence time. The main trend is that the higher temperature and longer residence time contribute to the secondary reaction and the lower heating rate favors the carbonization so that the liquid production is reduced. The best bio-oil yield is 63% in weight. The component analysis of bio-oil shows that most compounds in bio-oil are nonhydrocarbons, while alkanes, aromatics and bitumen are relatively low. The physical properties of bio-oil include high water and oxygen content as well as low pH and LHV.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Circulating fluidized bed",
            "Pyrolysis for liquids"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "XianWen Dai",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhaoqiu Zhou",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "HH3Kd138": {
        "id": "HH3Kd138",
        "title": "Gasification Characteristics of Biomass Wastes in Fluidized Bed Gasifier",
        "abstract": "",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Liu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Norio Arai",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiaofen Guo",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Propulsion and Power",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "okopPtkc": {
        "id": "okopPtkc",
        "title": "The characteristics of fluidization and gasification of biomass in circulating fluidized bed",
        "abstract": "The fluidization characteristic of biomass in a 0.28 m-ID Plexiglas circulating fluidized bed was studied. The velocity distribution and voidage distribution under fast fluidization were examined. The performance of a 1 MWe Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier (CFBG) for power generation, in operation in Jiedong City, Guangdong Province, China, with a 2 m dia and a total height of 8.5 m, was also analyzed. The operation temperature had a strong impact on gas efficiency, conversion of carbon, gas productivity, and gas composition. About 60.1-81.8% gas efficiency and 56.2-92.7% carbon conversion could be achieved when the temperature was about 630-1042 K for sawdust. The successful operation of the 1 MWe CFBG demonstration plant for power generation showed CFB as a reactor for biomass gasification presenting a bright future. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the AIChE Spring Annual Meeting - The 5th World Congress on Particle Technology (Orlando, FL 4/23-27/2006).",
        "keywords": [
            "null"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Chen",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengli Zhao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jesse Zhu",
                "org": "Western University(University of Western Ontario),London,Canada"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "2006 AIChE Spring Annual Meeting - 5th World Congress on Particle Technology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "YgKG0ISq": {
        "id": "YgKG0ISq",
        "title": "Catalytic dehydration of ethanol to ethylene on TiO2/4A zeolite composite catalysts",
        "abstract": "TiO2/4A zeolite composite catalysts were prepared by coating TiO2 on 4A zeolite via liquid phase deposition. The TiO 2/4A zeolite composite catalysts wtih higher surface weak acidity and lower mediate strong acidity exhibit much better catalytic performance on ethanol dehydration to ethylene compared with 4A zeolite. It is suggested that the TiO2 promoter could improve the effective Lewis acidity of composite catalyst which consequently enhanced the catalytic performance. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.",
        "keywords": [
            "TiO",
            "2",
            "/4A zeolite composite catalysts",
            "Ethanol",
            "Ethylene",
            "Dehydration"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Yanyan Xiao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xinjun Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zhenhong Yuan",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Juan Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Catalysis Letters",
        "year": 2009
    },
    "U9veQ1RO": {
        "id": "U9veQ1RO",
        "title": "Heavy metal transformation during MSW incineration for integrated disposal",
        "abstract": "Heavy metal content in ash and slag is higher and is potential risk to mankind and environment. Heavy metal content and distribution during municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration from incinerator in operation were tested and analyzed. Relationship among heavy metal distribution and damage to equipments come from heavy metal transformation were discussed in detail. It is necessary for heavy metal control and its chemical stabilization and materialized disposal of ash and slag.",
        "keywords": [
            "Heavy metal transformation",
            "Incineration",
            "Integrated disposal of MSW"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Changfeng Yan",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Song Zhao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "DmAWljpx": {
        "id": "DmAWljpx",
        "title": "The flow characteristics of sawdust participate in loop seal",
        "abstract": "The flow characteristics of sawdust particles in loop seal of a circulating fluidized bed were investigated. This paper focused on the effect of different operation conditions such as operation gas velocity, the transport gas volume Q1 and the auxiliary transport gas volume Q2 on the solids circulation rate Gs. The experimental equation modified from Wang's on solids circulation rate G5 and operation conditions were also given.",
        "keywords": [
            "Circulating fluidized bed",
            "Loop seal",
            "Sawdust",
            "Solids circulation rate"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Chen",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zengli Zhao",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xiuli Yin",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "JingXu Zhu",
                "org": "Western University(University of Western Ontario),London,Canada"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "F6a4BcpW": {
        "id": "F6a4BcpW",
        "title": "System optimization and pollution control for MSW integration disposal",
        "abstract": "Selection and technology integration of energy self-supported MSW composting system was analyzed in detail.Pollutant emission and quality of fertilizer product produced in operation was tested and analyzed.From environmental pollution control and MSW(municipal solid waste) utilization point of view,system optimization and integration of MSW integration disposal was presented for further improvements of MSW system engineering and pollution control need to be reinforced.",
        "keywords": [
            "Composting",
            "Heavy metal transformation",
            "Incineration",
            "Integrated disposal of municipal solid waste",
            "Pollution emission",
            "System optimization"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Changfeng Yan",
                "org": "University of Science and Technology of China(University of Science and Technology of China,Univ. of Sci. and Technol. of China),Hefei,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Haibin Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Chuangzhi Wu",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Weiming Zhang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Zuhong Xiong",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "MLlfU1XS": {
        "id": "MLlfU1XS",
        "title": "Comparison of sawdust gasification in bubbling fluidized bed gasifier and circulating fluidized bed gasifier",
        "abstract": "The performance of sawdust gasification in a 0.3 m × 0.3 m bubbling fluidized bed gasifier (BFBG) is compared to that in the ψ 0.4 m circulating fluidized bed gasifier (CFBG). The effects of fluidization velocity on the biomass gasification in two fluidized beds were analyzed. Due to the higher fluidization velocity and intensive mass and momentum transfer between gas and solids, CFBG has a faster pyrolysis rate than BFBG and can be operated at higher temperature with the same ER, which facilitates the second gasification and cracking of tar to improve the gas quality and reduce the tar content in gas. At low ER (ER ≤ 0.28), the gas yield, carbon conversion and gasification efficiency of CFBG is higher than BFBG's; however at higher ER (ER > 0.28), there is little difference between CFBG and BFBG.",
        "keywords": [
            "Biomass",
            "Bubbling fluidized gasifier",
            "Circulating fluidized bed gasifier",
            "Gasification"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Ping Chen",
                "org": "Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol.),Hong Kong,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Jun Xie",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "YIN Xiu-li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "WU Chuang-zhi",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao/Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2006
    },
    "KWOTWt10": {
        "id": "KWOTWt10",
        "title": "Combustion kinetics of combustibiles in municipal solid wastes",
        "abstract": "The combustion characteristic of six kinds of combustibles in municipal solid wastes are investigated by means of thermogravimetry. The combustion activation energy and frequency factor are obtained by Doyle method. Two categories of combustion characteristic were classified for combustibles of MSW in this paper. However, the apparent activation energy of combustibles in MSW is in accordance with their ignition temperature. The \"compensation effect\" is existed between activation energy and frequency factor.",
        "keywords": [
            "Combustibles",
            "Combustion kinetic",
            "Thermogravimetry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaofen Guo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelian Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kechang Xie",
                "org": "Taiyuan Li Gong Daxue(Taiyuan University of Technology),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 1999
    },
    "nrjCJ9qN": {
        "id": "nrjCJ9qN",
        "title": "THE STUDY ON THE PLASMA GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS",
        "abstract": "A plasma reactor which has high temperature and high enthalpy was used to study the biomass gasification.The product included solid char and gas.No tar was detected.The main gas product was the Synthesis gas (H2 + CO) .With the increasing of the steam flow, H2/CO molar ratio ranged from 0.90 to 1.15.The gas yield was about 2L /g (biomass) and the combined volume of H2 and CO was 96% .The gas conversion of carbon was very high.",
        "keywords": [
            "plasma",
            "biomass",
            "gasification"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Zhao Zengli",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Li Haibin",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Wu Chuangzhi",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Chen Yong",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2005
    },
    "MjdZ9X7u": {
        "id": "MjdZ9X7u",
        "title": "Combustion characteristics of PVC",
        "abstract": "The combustion characteristics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are investigated by means of thermogravimetry. The combustion activation energy and frequency factor are obtained by Doyle method. It was observed that PVC weight was reduced in three stages with exothermic reaction in its combustion. The first stage was caused by the chlorine removed from PVC. The volatile matter emission from PVC led to the second weight loss stage of PVC. The mechanism of PVC combustion can be expressed by three first - order kinetic equations. The beginning temperature of reaction, the max reaction rate and the temperature of HCl emission were increased with increasing heating rate.",
        "keywords": [
            "Combustion characteristics",
            "PVC",
            "Thermogravimetry"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaofen Guo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelian Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "HaiBing Li",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kechang Xie",
                "org": "Taiyuan Li Gong Daxue(Taiyuan University of Technology),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "3lBl6rGw": {
        "id": "3lBl6rGw",
        "title": "Combustion characteristics of refuse derived fuel",
        "abstract": "The combustion process of RDF (refuse derived fuel) was observed by the thermal balance technique and the combustion characteristics of RDF were studied. It was found that RDF weight loss occurred on two stages with exothermic reaction and one stage with endothermic reaction in the combustion. The combustion process of RDF can be expressed by three first-order reactions. The activation energy and frequency factor were determined. The affecting factors for the combustion process were studied.",
        "keywords": [
            "Combustion characteristics",
            "Refuse derived fuel",
            "Thermal balance technique"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaofen Guo",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelian Yang",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kechang Xie",
                "org": "Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "StINEtJd": {
        "id": "StINEtJd",
        "title": "Study on the operation conditions for making refuse derived fuel (RDF)",
        "abstract": "The briquetting process of RDF was put forward. The influences of such briquetting conditions as the effect of different briquetting pressure on the density of RDF, the effect of the ratio of additive on the density of RDF, the effect of the ratio of additive on the calorific value of RDF and the relationship between the chloring capture ratio and the ratio of Cato Clz were systematically investigated. Based on the experimental results obtained, the optimum conditions for making RDF are determined.",
        "keywords": [
            "Briquetting process",
            "Chlorine capture ratio",
            "Physical property",
            "Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaofen Guo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelian Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kechang Xie",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Taiyangneng Xuebao/Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica",
        "year": 2001
    },
    "q0OmGQsz": {
        "id": "q0OmGQsz",
        "title": "Pyrolytic kinetics of combustibles in MSW",
        "abstract": "The characterization of pyrolysis behaviour of six combustibles in Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) was carried out by using the thermal analysis method. The experimental results show that the heating value of MSW was high. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) on different combustibles in MSW are reported. The gaseous pyrolysis products were analyzed. The combustion process of MSW can be expressed by one or two first-order reactions. Two categories of pyrolysis characteristics were classified for combustibles in MSW. Analyzing the pyrolysis products of these combustibles show that the pyrolysis of combustibles in MSW produces synthetic gases with a high calorific value. The gaseous products are mainly pyrolysis products of cellulose, CO and CO2, and those of polymer, hydrocarbons.",
        "keywords": [
            "Combustible",
            "MSW",
            "Pyrolytic kinetics"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Xiaofen Guo",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Xuelian Yang",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen.",
                "org": "Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion),Guangzhou,China"
            },
            {
                "name": "Kechang Xie",
                "org": "Taiyuan Li Gong Daxue(Taiyuan University of Technology),Taiyuan,China"
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Huagong Xuebao/Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China)",
        "year": 2000
    },
    "s8NETwvN": {
        "id": "s8NETwvN",
        "title": "The therapeutic effect of silymarin in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty disease: A meta-analysis (PRISMA) of randomized control trials.",
        "abstract": "SIL has positive efficacy to reduce transaminases levels in NAFLD patients. SIL can be an encouraging and considerable phytotherapy for NAFLD patients.",
        "keywords": "",
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "Sheng Zhong",
                "org": "aDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin UniversitybClinical College, Jilin UniversitycHepatopancreatobiliary Medicine Department, The First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangchundBasic Medical College, Qiqihar Medical University, QiqihareDepartment of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China."
            },
            {
                "name": "Yuxiang Fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Qi Yan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Xingyu Fan",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Bo Wu",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yujuan Han",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Ying Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Yong Chen",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Huimao Zhang",
                "org": ""
            },
            {
                "name": "Junqi Niu",
                "org": ""
            }
        ],
        "venue": "Medicine",
        "year": 2017
    },
    "pbGVTutq": {
        "id": "pbGVTutq",
        "title": "Oncosis-like cell death is induced by berberine through ERK1/2-mediated impairment of mitochondrial aerobic respiration in gliomas.",
        "abstract": "Gliomas, the most common primary malignant brain tumor, exhibit high metabolic activity. The targeting of metabolism alterations, particularly in mitochondria, is emerging as an efficient approach for curing cancers. Here, we showed that berberine, a natural compound that is used as an antibacterial agent, could reduce cellular viability and induce oncosis-like death, characterized by cell swelling, cytoplasmic vacuoles and plasma membrane blebbing, in gliomas, and that these effects were correlated with intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion. We also found that berberine induced autophagy as a protective effect and decreased the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), which could inhibit mitochondrial aerobic respiration by repressing phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK1/2). Furthermore, the down-regulation of mitochondrial p-ERK1/2 by berberine inhibited aerobic respiration and led to glycolysis, an inefficient energy production pathway. In addition, berberine reduced tumor growth and inhibited Ki-67 and p-ERK1/2 expression in vivo. The results demonstrate that berberine, which represses aerobic oxidation in mitochondria and decreases their energy production efficiency, decreases metabolic activity by reducing ERK1/2 activity.",
        "keywords": [
            "ATP",
            "Berberine",
            "ERK1/2",
            "Glioma",
            "Oncosis"
        ],
        "authors": [
            {
                "name": "